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Minamiki T, Esaka R, Kurita R. Displacement Assay in a Polythiophene Sensor System Based on Supramacromolecuar Disassembly-Caused Emission Quenching. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4245. [PMID: 39001024 PMCID: PMC11244502 DOI: 10.3390/s24134245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Exploring new methodologies for simple and on-demand methods of manipulating the emission and sensing ability of fluorescence sensor devices with solid-state emission molecular systems is important for realizing on-site sensing platforms. In this regard, although conjugated polymers (CPs) are some of the best candidates for preparing molecular sensor devices owing to their luminescent and molecular recognition properties, the development of CP-based sensor devices is still in its early stages. In this study, we herein propose a novel strategy for preparing a chemical stimuli-responsive solid-state emission system based on supramacromolecular assembly-induced emission enhancement (SmAIEE). The system was spontaneously developed by mixing only the component polymers (i.e., polythiophene and a transient cross-linking polymer). The proposed strategy can be applied to the facile preparation of molecular sensor devices. The analyte-induced fluorescent response of polythiophene originated from the dynamic displacement of the transient cross-linker in the polythiophene ensemble and the generation of the polythiophene-analyte complex. Our successful demonstration of the spontaneous preparation of the fluorescence sensor system by mixing two component polymers could lead to the development of on-site molecular analyzers including the determination of multiple analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukuru Minamiki
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8566, Ibaraki, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Esaka
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8566, Ibaraki, Japan
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8573, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ryoji Kurita
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8566, Ibaraki, Japan
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8573, Ibaraki, Japan
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2
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Li L, Zhan H, Chen S, Zhao Q, Peng J. Interrogating the Effect of Block Sequence on Cocrystallization, Microphase Separation, and Charge Transport in All-Conjugated Triblock Copolymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hao Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shuwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qingqing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Juan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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3
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4
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Hicks GEJ, Li S, Obhi NK, Jarrett-Wilkins CN, Seferos DS. Programmable Assembly of π-Conjugated Polymers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2006287. [PMID: 34085725 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
π-Conjugated polymers have numerous applications due to their advantageous optoelectronic and mechanical properties. These properties depend intrinsically on polymer ordering, including crystallinity, orientation, morphology, domain size, and π-π interactions. Programming, or deliberately controlling the composition and ordering of π-conjugated polymers by well-defined inputs, is a key facet in the development of organic electronics. Here, π-conjugated programming is described at each stage of material development, stressing the links between each programming mode. Covalent programming is performed during polymer synthesis such that complex architectures can be constructed, which direct polymer assembly by governing polymer orientation, π-π interactions, and morphological length-scales. Solution programming is performed in a solvated state as polymers dissolve, aggregate, crystallize, or react in solution. Solid-state programming occurs in the solid state and is governed by polymer crystallization, domain segregation, or gelation. Recent progress in programming across these stages is examined, highlighting order-dependent features and assembly techniques that are unique to π-conjugated polymers. This should serve as a guide for delineating the many ways of directing π-conjugated polymer assembly to control ordering, structure, and function, enabling the further development of organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garion E J Hicks
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Sheng Li
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Nimrat K Obhi
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Charles N Jarrett-Wilkins
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Dwight S Seferos
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
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5
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Click chemistry strategies for the accelerated synthesis of functional macromolecules. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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6
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Peterhans L, Nicolaidou E, Diamantis P, Alloa E, Leclerc M, Surin M, Clément S, Rothlisberger U, Banerji N, Hayes SC. Structural and Photophysical Templating of Conjugated Polyelectrolytes with Single-Stranded DNA. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2020; 32:7347-7362. [PMID: 33122875 PMCID: PMC7587141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c02251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A promising approach to influence and control the photophysical properties of conjugated polymers is directing their molecular conformation by templating. We explore here the templating effect of single-stranded DNA oligomers (ssDNAs) on cationic polythiophenes with the goal to uncover the intermolecular interactions that direct the polymer backbone conformation. We have comprehensively characterized the optical behavior and structure of the polythiophenes in conformationally distinct complexes depending on the sequence of nucleic bases and addressed the effect on the ultrafast excited-state relaxation. This, in combination with molecular dynamics simulations, allowed us a detailed atomistic-level understanding of the structure-property correlations. We find that electrostatic and other noncovalent interactions direct the assembly with the polymer, and we identify that optimal templating is achieved with (ideally 10-20) consecutive cytosine bases through numerous π-stacking interactions with the thiophene rings and side groups of the polymer, leading to a rigid assembly with ssDNA, with highly ordered chains and unique optical signatures. Our insights are an important step forward in an effective approach to structural templating and optoelectronic control of conjugated polymers and organic materials in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Peterhans
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eliana Nicolaidou
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Polydefkis Diamantis
- Laboratory
of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elisa Alloa
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Mario Leclerc
- Department
of Chemistry, Université Laval, G1K 7P4 Quebec
City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Surin
- Laboratory
for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Center for Innovation in Materials
and Polymers, University of Mons −
UMONS, 20 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Clément
- Institut
Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, ICGM, UMR 5253 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier, Cedex
05, France
| | - Ursula Rothlisberger
- Laboratory
of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Natalie Banerji
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sophia C. Hayes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678, Nicosia, Cyprus
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7
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Meng L, Watson BW, Qin Y. Hybrid conjugated polymer/magnetic nanoparticle composite nanofibers through cooperative non-covalent interactions. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:2462-2470. [PMID: 36133384 PMCID: PMC9419169 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00191k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic composites possessing both electronic and magnetic properties are promising materials for a wide range of applications. Controlled and ordered arrangement of the organic and inorganic components is key for synergistic cooperation toward desired functions. In this work, we report the self-assemblies of core-shell composite nanofibers from conjugated block copolymers and magnetic nanoparticles through the cooperation of orthogonal non-covalent interactions. We show that well-defined core-shell conjugated polymer nanofibers can be obtained through solvent induced self-assembly and polymer crystallization, while hydroxy and pyridine functional groups located at the shell of nanofibers can immobilize magnetic nanoparticles via hydrogen bonding and coordination interactions. These precisely arranged nanostructures possess electronic properties intrinsic to the polymers and are simultaneously responsive to external magnetic fields. We applied these composite nanofibers in organic solar cells and found that these non-covalent interactions led to controlled thin film morphologies containing uniformly dispersed nanoparticles, although high loadings of these inorganic components negatively impact device performance. Our methodology is general and can be utilized to control the spatial distribution of functionalized organic/inorganic building blocks, and the magnetic responsiveness and optoelectronic activities of these nanostructures may lead to new opportunities in energy and electronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyao Meng
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico MSC03 2060, 1 UNM Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA
| | - Brad W Watson
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico MSC03 2060, 1 UNM Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA
| | - Yang Qin
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico MSC03 2060, 1 UNM Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA
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8
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Kim HJ, Kim JS, Kim Y, Jung YS, Kim BJ, Kim Y. Regioregularity controlled phase behavior for Poly(3-hexylthiophene): A combined study of simple coarse-grained simulation and experiment. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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9
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Cao X, Zhao K, Chen L, Liu J, Han Y. Conjugated polymer single crystals and nanowires. POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxiu Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and Conversion, School of Materials Science and EngineeringHunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan P. R. China
| | - Kefeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun P. R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun P. R. China
| | - Jiangang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun P. R. China
| | - Yanchun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun P. R. China
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10
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Müller C, Ouyang L, Lund A, Moth-Poulsen K, Hamedi MM. From Single Molecules to Thin Film Electronics, Nanofibers, e-Textiles and Power Cables: Bridging Length Scales with Organic Semiconductors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1807286. [PMID: 30785223 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors are the centerpiece of several vibrant research fields from single-molecule to organic electronics, and they are finding increasing use in bioelectronics and even classical polymer technology. The versatile chemistry and broad range of electronic functionalities of conjugated materials enable the bridging of length scales 15 orders of magnitude apart, ranging from a single nanometer (10-9 m) to the size of continents (106 m). This work provides a taste of the diverse applications that can be realized with organic semiconductors. The reader will embark on a journey from single molecular junctions to thin film organic electronics, supramolecular assemblies, biomaterials such as amyloid fibrils and nanofibrillated cellulose, conducting fibers and yarns for e-textiles, and finally to power cables that shuffle power across thousands of kilometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Müller
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Liangqi Ouyang
- Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anja Lund
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Kasper Moth-Poulsen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mahiar M Hamedi
- Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Kim JS, Choi JE, Park H, Kim Y, Kim HJ, Han J, Shin JM, Kim BJ. Synthesis and crystallization behavior of regioregular-block-regiorandom poly(3-hexylthiophene) copolymers. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01545g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Regioregular–regiorandom poly(3-hexylthiophene) copolymers, synthesized by chain-transfer polycondensation, show strong crystallinity due to their one-sided distribution of regiodefects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Seong Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Korea
| | - Jee-Eun Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Korea
| | - Hyeonjung Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Korea
| | - Youngkwon Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Korea
| | - Hyeong Jun Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Massachusetts
- Amherst
- USA
| | - Junghun Han
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Korea
| | - Jae Man Shin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Korea
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Korea
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12
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Wei S, Tian F, Ge F, Wang X, Zhang G, Lu H, Yin J, Wu Z, Qiu L. Helical Nanofibrils of Block Copolymer for High-Performance Ammonia Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:22504-22512. [PMID: 29894148 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b06458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers with a helical structure have been in rapid development in recent years because of their potential applications in chemical and biological sensors. We demonstrate the fabrication and characterization of helical nanofibrils of block copolymer poly(4-iso-cyano-benzoic acid 5-(2-dimethylamino-ethoxy)-2-nitro-benzylester)- b-poly(3-hexylthiophene) (PPI(-DMAENBA)- b-P3HT) via a transfer-etching method. The density and lateral length of nanofibrils can be facilely controlled by regulating the process conditions, which, in turn, directly determine the electronic property. Organic field effect transistors based on helical nanofibrils were successfully fabricated with the highest mobility of 9.1 × 10-3 cm2/(V s)-1, an on/off ratio of 3.4 × 105, and high bias stability. The helical nanofibrils were proved to be beneficial for obtaining a highly sensitive and selective chemical sensor. And, the transistor based on helical nanofibrils exhibits a relative response of 28.6% to 100 ppb ammonia, which is even much higher than the responses to 1 ppm ammonia for homo poly(3-hexylthiophene) nanofibrils (7%) and block copolymer nanofibrils without helical structure (0.9%). The combination of helical structure with nanofibrils may provide a new strategy to fabricate high-performance chemical sensors suitable for use in environmental monitoring, industrial and agricultural production, health care, and foodsafety.
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13
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Gonzalez Arellano DL, Burnett EK, Demirci Uzun S, Zakashansky JA, Champagne VK, George M, Mannsfeld SCB, Briseno AL. Phase Transition of Graphene-Templated Vertical Zinc Phthalocyanine Nanopillars. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:8185-8191. [PMID: 29878762 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b03078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We report on the graphene-assisted growth, crystallization, and phase transition of zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) vertically oriented single crystal nanopillars. Postcrystallization thermal annealing of the nanostructures results in a molecular packing change while maintaining the vertical orientation of the single crystals orthogonal to the underlying substrate. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and high-resolution TEM studies characterized this phase transition from a metastable crystal phase to the more stable β-phase commonly observed in bulk crystals. These vertical arrays of crystalline nanopillars exhibit a high-surface-to-volume ratio, which is advantageous for applications such as gas sensors. We fabricated chemiresistor sensors with ZnPc nanopillars grown on graphene and demonstrated its selectivity for ammonia vapors, and improvement in sensitivity in the β-phase crystal packing pillars due to their molecular orientation increasing the exposure of the Zn2+ ion to the ammonia analyte. This work highlights the first morphology-retentive phase transition in organic single crystal nanopillars through simple postprocessing thermal annealing. This study opens up the possibility of molecular packing control without large variations in morphology, a necessity for high-performance devices and establishing structure-property relations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Leonardo Gonzalez Arellano
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Edmund K Burnett
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Sema Demirci Uzun
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Julia A Zakashansky
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Victor K Champagne
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Michelle George
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Stefan C B Mannsfeld
- Center for Advanced Electronics Dresden , Dresden University of Technology , Dresden 01062 , Germany
| | - Alejandro L Briseno
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16803 , United States
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14
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Lee D, Sin DH, Kim SW, Lee H, Byun HR, Mun J, Sung W, Kang B, Kim DG, Ko H, Song SW, Jeong MS, Rho J, Cho K. Singlet Exciton Delocalization in Gold Nanoparticle-Tethered Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Nanofibers with Enhanced Intrachain Ordering. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongki Lee
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Dong Hun Sin
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | | | - Hansol Lee
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | | | - Jungho Mun
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Woong Sung
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Boseok Kang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Dae Gun Kim
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Hyomin Ko
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Sung Won Song
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | | | - Junsuk Rho
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
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15
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16
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Kim HJ, Lee MY, Kim JS, Kim JH, Yu H, Yun H, Liao K, Kim TS, Oh JH, Kim BJ. Solution-Assembled Blends of Regioregularity-Controlled Polythiophenes for Coexistence of Mechanical Resilience and Electronic Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:14120-14128. [PMID: 28363015 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Considering all the potential applications of organic electronics in portable, wearable, and implantable devices, it is of great importance to develop electroactive materials that possess mechanical reliability along with excellent electronic performance. The coexistence of these two attributes, however, is very difficult to achieve because there is an inverse relationship between the electrical properties and the mechanical flexibility, both of which are associated with the conjugation length and intermolecular ordering of the polymers. Herein, we demonstrate a simple and robust approach based on solution assembly of two different poly(3-hexylthiophene)s (P3HTs) with regioregularity (RR) contents of 97% and 66% to impart both electrical and mechanical properties to films for organic electronic applications. The 97% RR P3HT exhibits high electronic performance but poor mechanical resilience, and vice versa for the 66% RR P3HT. Selective crystallization of high RR P3HT induced by solution assembly allows the use of a one-step process to construct percolated networks of high RR P3HT nanowires (NWs) in a low RR P3HT matrix. Only 5 wt % of high RR P3HT NWs in a 95 wt % low RR P3HT matrix was required to produce hole mobilities comparable to that of pure high RR P3HT, and this blend film exhibited improvements by factors of 20 and 60 in elongation at break and toughness, respectively. Selective self-assembly of RR-controlled polymers allowed us to overcome the fragile nature of highly crystalline conjugated polymer films without sacrificing their electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moo Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea
| | | | | | - Hojeong Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea
| | | | - Kin Liao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology , Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Joon Hak Oh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea
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17
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Kim Y, Kim HJ, Kim JS, Hayward RC, Kim BJ. Architectural Effects on Solution Self-Assembly of Poly(3-hexylthiophene)-Based Graft Copolymers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:2933-2941. [PMID: 28026922 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
While solution assembly of conjugated block copolymers has been widely used to produce long 1-D nanowires (NWs), it remains a great challenge to provide a higher level of control over structure and function of the NWs. Herein, for the first time, we report the solution assembly of graft copolymers containing a conjugated polymer backbone in a selective solvent and demonstrate that their self-assembly behaviors can be manipulated by the molecular structures of the graft copolymers. A series of poly(3-hexylthiophene)-graft-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P3HT-g-P2VP) copolymers was designed with two different architectural parameters: grafting fraction (fg) and molecular weight of P2VP chains (Mn,P2VP) on the P3HT backbone. Interestingly, crystallization of the P3HT-g-P2VP copolymers was systematically modulated by changes in fg and Mn,P2VP, thus allowing for control of the growth kinetics and curvatures of solution-assembled NWs. When Mn,P2VP (4.4 to 15.1 kg/mol) or fg (2.8 to 9.2%) of the P3HT-g-P2VP polymers was increased, the crystallinity of the copolymers was reduced significantly. Steric hindrance from the grafted P2VP chains apparently modified the growth of NWs, leading to shorter NWs with a greater degree of curvature for graft copolymers with more hindrance. Therefore, we envision that such conjugated chain-based graft copolymers can be versatile building blocks for producing NWs with controlled length and shape, which can be important for tailoring the optical and electrical properties of NW-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngkwon Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Hyeong Jun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Jin-Seong Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Ryan C Hayward
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon, 34141, Korea
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