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Kim S, Han J, Choi JM, Nam JS, Lee IH, Lee Y, Novikov IV, Kauppinen EI, Lee K, Jeon I. Aerosol-Synthesized Surfactant-Free Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Based NO 2 Sensors: Unprecedentedly High Sensitivity and Fast Recovery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313830. [PMID: 38588005 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
This study pioneers a chemical sensor based on surfactant-free aerosol-synthesized single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) films for detecting nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Unlike conventional CNTs, the SWCNTs used in this study exhibit one of the highest surface-to-volume ratios. They show minimal bundling without the need for surfactants and have the lowest number of defects among reported CNTs. Furthermore, the dry-transferrable and facile one-step lamination results in promising industrial viability. When applied to devices, the sensor shows excellent sensitivity (41.6% at 500 ppb), rapid response/recovery time (14.2/120.8 s), a remarkably low limit of detection (below ≈0.161 ppb), minimal noise, repeatability for more than 50 cycles without fluctuation, and long-term stability for longer than 6 months. This is the best performance reported for a pure CNT-based sensor. In addition, the aerosol SWCNTs demonstrate consistent gas-sensing performance even after 5000 bending cycles, indicating their suitability for wearable applications. Based on experimental and theoretical analyses, the proposed aerosol CNTs are expected to overcome the limitations associated with conventional CNT-based sensors, thereby offering a promising avenue for various sensor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihyeok Kim
- Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiye Han
- Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Myung Choi
- Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Seok Nam
- Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Hyun Lee
- Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeounggyu Lee
- Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilya V Novikov
- Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Esko I Kauppinen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science Aalto University, Aalto, 15100, Finland
| | - Keekeun Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Jeon
- Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
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Havigh RS, Yıldırım F, Mahmoudi Chenari H, Türüt A, Aydoğan Ş. Self-powered stable high-performance UV-Vis-NIR broadband photodetector based on PVP-Cobalt@Carbon nanofibers/n-GaAs heterojunction. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:335201. [PMID: 38723610 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad4973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The self-powered PVP-Co@C nanofibers/n-GaAs heterojunction photodetector (HJPD) was fabricated by electrospinning of the nanofibers onto GaAs. An excellent rectification ratio of 6.60 × 106was obtained fromI-Vmeasurements of the device in the dark. TheI-Vmeasurements of the fabricated device under 365 nm, 395 nm and 850 nm lights, as well asI-Vmeasurements in visible light depending on the light intensity, were performed. The HJPD demonstrated excellent photodetection performance in terms of a good responsivity of ∼225 mA W-1(at -1.72 V) and at zero bias, an impressive detectivity of 6.28 × 1012Jones, and a high on/off ratio of 8.38 × 105, all at 365 nm wavelength. In addition, the maximum external quantum efficiency and NPDR values were 3495% (V = -1.72 V) and 2.60 × 1010W-1(V= 0.0 V), respectively, while the minimum NEP value was ∼10-14W.Hz-1/2for 365 nm atV= 0.V volts. The HJPD also exhibited good long-term stability in air after 30 d without any encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Shokrani Havigh
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Namjoo Ave, PO Box 41335-1914, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fatma Yıldırım
- Department of Physics, Science Faculty, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hossein Mahmoudi Chenari
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Namjoo Ave, PO Box 41335-1914, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Şakir Aydoğan
- Department of Physics, Science Faculty, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
- Advanced Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
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3
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Liu J, Ye T, Yu D, Liu SF, Yang D. Recoverable Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells for Next-Generation Portable Power Sources. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307225. [PMID: 37345965 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Flexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs) with excellent recoverability show a wide range of potential applications in portable power sources. The recoverability of FPSCs requires outstanding bendability of each functional layer, including the flexible substrates, electrodes, perovskite light absorbers, and charge transport materials. This review highlights the recent progress and practical applications of high-recoverability FPSCs, and illustrates the routes toward improvement of the recoverability and environmental stability through the choice of flexible substrates and the preparation of high-quality perovskite films, as well as the optimization of charge-selective contacts. In addition, we explore the intrinsic properties of each functional layer from the physical perspective and analyze how to select suitable functional layers. Additionally, some effective strategies are summarized, including material modification engineering of selective contacts, additives and interface engineering of interlayers, which can release mechanical stress and increase the power-conversion efficiency (PCE) and recoverability of the FPSCs. The challenges of making high-performance FPSCs with long-term stability and high recoverability are discussed. Finally, future applications and perspectives for FPSCs are discussed, aiming to promote more extensive commercialization processes for lightweight and durable FPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Tao Ye
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Systems for Aerospace, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Dongqu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
- School of Physics and Electronic Technology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029, China
| | - Shengzhong Frank Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
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Yu W, Li F, Huang T, Li W, Wu T. Go beyond the limit: Rationally designed mixed-dimensional perovskite/semiconductor heterostructures and their applications. Innovation (N Y) 2023; 4:100363. [PMID: 36632191 PMCID: PMC9827388 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2022.100363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Halide perovskite heterojunctions rationally integrate the chemical and physical properties of multi-dimensional perovskites and judiciously chosen semiconductor materials, offering the promise of going beyond the limit of a single component. This emerging platform of materials innovation offers fresh opportunities to tune material properties, discover interesting phenomena, and enable novel applications. In this review, we first discuss the fundamentals of forming heterojunctions with perovskites and a wide range of semiconductors, and then we give an overview of the research progress of halide perovskite heterojunctions in terms of their optical, electrical, and mechanical properties, focusing on how the heterojunction tunes the energy band structure, electrical transport, and charge recombination behaviors. We further outline the progress of perovskite-based heterojunctions in optoelectronics. Finally, the challenges and future research directions for perovskite/semiconductor heterojunctions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Yu
- GPL Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Feng Li
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Tao Huang
- GPL Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Wei Li
- GPL Photonics Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Tom Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Kharlamova MV. Kinetics, Electronic Properties of Filled Carbon Nanotubes Investigated with Spectroscopy for Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:176. [PMID: 36616086 PMCID: PMC9823493 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The paper is dedicated to the discussion of kinetics of growth, and electronic properties of filled carbon nanotubes investigated by spectroscopy for applications. The paper starts with discussion of growth of carbon nanotubes inside metallocene-filled carbon nanotubes. Nickelocene, cobaltocene are considered for growth of carbon nanotubes. Then, the investigations of filled carbon nanotubes by four spectroscopic techniques are discussed. Among them are Raman spectroscopy, near edge X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy, photoemission spectroscopy, optical absorption spectroscopy. It is discussed that metal halogenides, metal chalcogenides, metals lead to changes in electronic structure of nanotubes with n- or p-doping. The filling of carbon nanotubes with different organic and inorganic substances results in many promising applications. This review adds significant contribution to understanding of the kinetics and electronic properties of filled SWCNTs with considering new results of recent investigations. Challenges in various fields are analyzed and summarized, which shows the author's viewpoint of progress in the spectroscopy of filled SWCNTs. This is a valuable step toward applications of filled SWCNTs and transfer of existing ideas from lab to industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna V Kharlamova
- Centre for Advanced Materials Application (CEMEA), Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 5807/9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia
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6
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Zinc-based metal-organic frameworks: synthesis and recent progress in biomedical application. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02385-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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7
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Xu Y, Lin Z, Wei W, Hao Y, Liu S, Ouyang J, Chang J. Recent Progress of Electrode Materials for Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:117. [PMID: 35488940 PMCID: PMC9056588 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00859-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Flexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs) have attracted enormous interest in wearable and portable electronics due to their high power-per-weight and low cost. Flexible and efficient perovskite solar cells require the development of flexible electrodes compatible with the optoelectronic properties of perovskite. In this review, the recent progress of flexible electrodes used in FPSCs is comprehensively reviewed. The major features of flexible transparent electrodes, including transparent conductive oxides, conductive polymer, carbon nanomaterials and nanostructured metallic materials are systematically compared. And the corresponding modification strategies and device performance are summarized. Moreover, flexible opaque electrodes including metal films, opaque carbon materials and metal foils are critically assessed. Finally, the development directions and difficulties of flexible electrodes are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Xu
- State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 2 South Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 2 South Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 2 South Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Hao
- State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 2 South Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengzhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyong Ouyang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 7 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117574, Singapore
| | - Jingjing Chang
- State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 2 South Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710071, People's Republic of China.
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Center for Flexible Electronics, Xidian University, 2 South Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710071, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Muchuweni E, Mombeshora ET, Martincigh BS, Nyamori VO. Recent Applications of Carbon Nanotubes in Organic Solar Cells. Front Chem 2022; 9:733552. [PMID: 35071180 PMCID: PMC8770437 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.733552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, carbon-based materials, particularly carbon nanotubes (CNTs), have gained intensive research attention in the fabrication of organic solar cells (OSCs) due to their outstanding physicochemical properties, low-cost, environmental friendliness and the natural abundance of carbon. In this regard, the low sheet resistance and high optical transmittance of CNTs enables their application as alternative anodes to the widely used indium tin oxide (ITO), which is toxic, expensive and scarce. Also, the synergy between the large specific surface area and high electrical conductivity of CNTs provides both large donor-acceptor interfaces and conductive interpenetrating networks for exciton dissociation and charge carrier transport. Furthermore, the facile tunability of the energy levels of CNTs provides proper energy level alignment between the active layer and electrodes for effective extraction and transportation of charge carriers. In addition, the hydrophobic nature and high thermal conductivity of CNTs enables them to form protective layers that improve the moisture and thermal stability of OSCs, thereby prolonging the devices' lifetime. Recently, the introduction of CNTs into OSCs produced a substantial increase in efficiency from ∼0.68 to above 14.00%. Thus, further optimization of the optoelectronic properties of CNTs can conceivably help OSCs to compete with silicon solar cells that have been commercialized. Therefore, this study presents the recent breakthroughs in efficiency and stability of OSCs, achieved mainly over 2018-2021 by incorporating CNTs into electrodes, active layers and charge transport layers. The challenges, advantages and recommendations for the fabrication of low-cost, highly efficient and sustainable next-generation OSCs are also discussed, to open up avenues for commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vincent O. Nyamori
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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9
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Yoon J, Hou Y, Knoepfel AM, Yang D, Ye T, Zheng L, Yennawar N, Sanghadasa M, Priya S, Wang K. Bio-inspired strategies for next-generation perovskite solar mobile power sources. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12915-12984. [PMID: 34622260 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01493a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Smart electronic devices are becoming ubiquitous due to many appealing attributes including portability, long operational time, rechargeability and compatibility with the user-desired form factor. Integration of mobile power sources (MPS) based on photovoltaic technologies with smart electronics will continue to drive improved sustainability and independence. With high efficiency, low cost, flexibility and lightweight features, halide perovskite photovoltaics have become promising candidates for MPS. Realization of these photovoltaic MPS (PV-MPS) with unconventionally extraordinary attributes requires new 'out-of-box' designs. Natural materials have provided promising designing solutions to engineer properties under a broad range of boundary conditions, ranging from molecules, proteins, cells, tissues, apparatus to systems in animals, plants, and humans optimized through billions of years of evolution. Applying bio-inspired strategies in PV-MPS could be biomolecular modification on crystallization at the atomic/meso-scale, bio-structural duplication at the device/system level and bio-mimicking at the functional level to render efficient charge delivery, energy transport/utilization, as well as stronger resistance against environmental stimuli (e.g., self-healing and self-cleaning). In this review, we discuss the bio-inspired/-mimetic structures, experimental models, and working principles, with the goal of revealing physics and bio-microstructures relevant for PV-MPS. Here the emphasis is on identifying the strategies and material designs towards improvement of the performance of emerging halide perovskite PVs and strategizing their bridge to future MPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungjin Yoon
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, PA, USA.
| | - Yuchen Hou
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, PA, USA.
| | - Abbey Marie Knoepfel
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, PA, USA.
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, PA, USA.
| | - Tao Ye
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, PA, USA.
| | - Luyao Zheng
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, PA, USA.
| | - Neela Yennawar
- Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, PA, USA
| | - Mohan Sanghadasa
- U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Aviation & Missile Center, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama, 35898, USA
| | - Shashank Priya
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, PA, USA.
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, PA, USA.
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10
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Applications of carbon nanomaterials in perovskite solar cells for solar energy conversion. NANO MATERIALS SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoms.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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11
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Choi JM, Suko H, Kim K, Han J, Lee S, Matsuo Y, Maruyama S, Jeon I, Daiguji H. Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Assisted Encapsulation Approach for Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26165060. [PMID: 34443646 PMCID: PMC8399998 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are regarded as the next-generation thin-film energy harvester, owing to their high performance. However, there is a lack of studies on their encapsulation technology, which is critical for resolving their shortcomings, such as their degradation by oxygen and moisture. It is determined that the moisture intrusion and the heat trapped within the encapsulating cover glass of PSCs influenced the operating stability of the devices. Therefore, we improved the moisture and oxygen barrier ability and heat releasing capability in the passivation of PSCs by adding multi-walled carbon nanotubes to the epoxy resin used for encapsulation. The 0.5 wt% of carbon nanotube-added resin-based encapsulated PSCs exhibited a more stable operation with a ca. 30% efficiency decrease compared to the ca. 63% decrease in the reference devices over one week under continuous operation. Specifically, the short-circuit current density and the fill factor, which are affected by moisture and oxygen-driven degradation, as well as the open-circuit voltage, which is affected by thermal damage, were higher for the multi-walled carbon nanotube-added encapsulated devices than the control devices, after the stability test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Myung Choi
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate School of Chemical Materials, Crystal Bank Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (J.-M.C.); (K.K.); (J.H.); (S.L.)
- Department of Nano Fusion Technology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Hiroki Suko
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; (H.S.); (Y.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Kyusun Kim
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate School of Chemical Materials, Crystal Bank Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (J.-M.C.); (K.K.); (J.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Jiye Han
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate School of Chemical Materials, Crystal Bank Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (J.-M.C.); (K.K.); (J.H.); (S.L.)
- Department of Nano Fusion Technology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Sangsu Lee
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate School of Chemical Materials, Crystal Bank Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (J.-M.C.); (K.K.); (J.H.); (S.L.)
- Department of Nano Fusion Technology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Yutaka Matsuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; (H.S.); (Y.M.); (S.M.)
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shigeo Maruyama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; (H.S.); (Y.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Il Jeon
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate School of Chemical Materials, Crystal Bank Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (J.-M.C.); (K.K.); (J.H.); (S.L.)
- Department of Nano Fusion Technology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Correspondence: (I.J.); (H.D.)
| | - Hirofumi Daiguji
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; (H.S.); (Y.M.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: (I.J.); (H.D.)
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12
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Shawky A, Nam JS, Kim K, Han J, Yoon J, Seo S, Lee CS, Xiang R, Matsuo Y, Lee HM, Maruyama S, Jeon I. Controlled Removal of Surfactants from Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Stronger p-Doping Effect and Its Demonstration in Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100080. [PMID: 34927903 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) have shown potential as promising alternatives to conventional transparent electrodes owing to their solution processability as well as high conductivity and transparency. However, their DC to optical conductivity ratio is limited by the surrounding surfactants that prevent the p-doping of the DWNTs. To maximize the doping effectiveness, the surfactants are removed from the DWNTs, with negligible damage to the nanotubes, by calcination in an Ar atmosphere. The effective removal of the surfactants is characterized by various analyses, and the results show that the optimal calcination temperature is 400 °C. The conductivity of the DWNTs films improves when doped by triflic acid. While the conductivity increase of the surfactants-wrapped DWNT films is 31.9%, the conductivity increase of the surfactants-removed DWNT is found to be 59.7%. Using the surfactants-removed, p-doped, solution-processed transparent electrodes, inverted-type perovskite solar cells are fabricated, resulting in a power conversion efficiency of 17.7% without hysteresis. This work advances the application of DWNTs in transparent conductors, as the efficiency obtained is the highest value achieved to date for carbon nanotube electrode-based perovskite solar cells and solution-processable transparent electrode-based solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Shawky
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Department, Advanced Materials Division, Central Metallurgical R&D Institute (CMRDI), P.O. Box 87 Helwan, Cairo, 11421, Egypt
| | - Jeong-Seok Nam
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate School of Chemical Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Pusan National University, 63-2 Busandaehak-ro, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyusun Kim
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate School of Chemical Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Pusan National University, 63-2 Busandaehak-ro, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiye Han
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate School of Chemical Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Pusan National University, 63-2 Busandaehak-ro, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungjin Yoon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Seungju Seo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Chang Soo Lee
- Hydrogen Energy Department, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Daejeon, 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Institute of Materials Innovation, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hyuck Mo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Shigeo Maruyama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Il Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate School of Chemical Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Pusan National University, 63-2 Busandaehak-ro, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
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13
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Yoon J, Kim U, Yoo Y, Byeon J, Lee S, Nam J, Kim K, Zhang Q, Kauppinen EI, Maruyama S, Lee P, Jeon I. Foldable Perovskite Solar Cells Using Carbon Nanotube-Embedded Ultrathin Polyimide Conductor. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2004092. [PMID: 33854897 PMCID: PMC8025023 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Recently, foldable electronics technology has become the focus of both academic and industrial research. The foldable device technology is distinct from flexible technology, as foldable devices have to withstand severe mechanical stresses such as those caused by an extremely small bending radius of 0.5 mm. To realize foldable devices, transparent conductors must exhibit outstanding mechanical resilience, for which they must be micrometer-thin, and the conducting material must be embedded into a substrate. Here, single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-polyimide (PI) composite film with a thickness of 7 µm is synthesized and used as a foldable transparent conductor in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). During the high-temperature curing of the CNTs-embedded PI conductor, the CNTs are stably and strongly p-doped using MoO x , resulting in enhanced conductivity and hole transportability. The ultrathin foldable transparent conductor exhibits a sheet resistance of 82 Ω sq.-1 and transmittance of 80% at 700 nm, with a maximum-power-point-tracking-output of 15.2% when made into a foldable solar cell. The foldable solar cells can withstand more than 10 000 folding cycles with a folding radius of 0.5 mm. Such mechanically resilient PSCs are unprecedented; further, they exhibit the best performance among the carbon-nanotube-transparent-electrode-based flexible solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungjin Yoon
- Photo‐Electronic Hybrids Research Center, National Agenda Research DivisionKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Seoul02792Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science & EngineeringPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Unsoo Kim
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
- Global Frontier Center for Multiscale Energy SystemsSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Yoo
- Photo‐Electronic Hybrids Research Center, National Agenda Research DivisionKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Seoul02792Republic of Korea
- Global Frontier Center for Multiscale Energy SystemsSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Junseop Byeon
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
- Global Frontier Center for Multiscale Energy SystemsSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Seoung‐Ki Lee
- Institute of Advanced Composite MaterialsKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Wanju55324Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong‐Seok Nam
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate School of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC)Pusan National UniversityBusan46241Republic of Korea
| | - Kyusun Kim
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate School of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC)Pusan National UniversityBusan46241Republic of Korea
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Applied PhysicsAalto University School of ScienceAaltoFI‐00076Finland
| | - Esko I. Kauppinen
- Department of Applied PhysicsAalto University School of ScienceAaltoFI‐00076Finland
| | - Shigeo Maruyama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of EngineeringThe University of TokyoTokyo113‐8656Japan
| | - Phillip Lee
- Photo‐Electronic Hybrids Research Center, National Agenda Research DivisionKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Seoul02792Republic of Korea
| | - Il Jeon
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate School of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC)Pusan National UniversityBusan46241Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of EngineeringThe University of TokyoTokyo113‐8656Japan
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14
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Jaffri SB, Ahmad KS, Thebo KH, Rehman F. Recent developments in carbon nanotubes-based perovskite solar cells with boosted efficiency and stability. Z PHYS CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2020-1729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSC) comprising of organic–inorganic lead halide composition have been considered as the future candidates for substituting the costly crystalline silicon-based solar cells if the challenges of efficiency and stability are adequately addressed. PSCs have been known for the employment of costly materials serving as electron transport, hole transport layers and back contact electrode such as gold, silver, or aluminum, needing thermal deposition in high vacuum ambiance. Metallic electrodes have been observed as not robust and thus, prone to quick degradation hindering the overall photovoltaic functionality of PSC devices. Carbon-modified PSCs via utilization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been a favorable choice in terms of longer stability and efficiency. Considering the overpowering potential of CNTs in transforming PSC device functionality, current review has been designed to elucidate the most recent progressions carried out in utilization of CNTs in PSCs. Furthermore, this review focussed a critical view on the utilization of CNTs-based PSCs for lower fill factors and other photovoltaic parameters in addition to the account of ways to solve these concerns. Photovoltaic community researchers need to develop cost effective methods for resolving the lower efficiencies and fill factors associated with use of CNTs and can further explore different novel materials to successfully modify CNTs for employment in PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaan Bibi Jaffri
- Department of Environmental Sciences , Fatima Jinnah Women University , The Mall , 46000 , Rawalpindi , Pakistan
| | - Khuram Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences , Fatima Jinnah Women University , The Mall , 46000 , Rawalpindi , Pakistan
| | - Khalid Hussain Thebo
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) , Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Faisal Rehman
- Department of Electrical Engineering , The Sukkur IBA University , Sukkur , Sindh , Pakistan
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15
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Matsuo Y. Creation of Highly Efficient and Durable Organic and Perovskite Solar Cells Using Nanocarbon Materials. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Matsuo
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
- Institute of Materials Innovation, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
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16
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Mishra S, Ghosh S, Singh T. Progress in Materials Development for Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells and Future Prospects. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:512-538. [PMID: 33197140 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202002095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as an established technology during the last decade, with the record efficiency of such solar cells having increased from 3.8 % to 25.5 %. Recently, flexible perovskite solar cells (fPSCs) have received much attention from the academic and the industrial communities, owing to their potential for various niche applications, including portable electronics, wearable power sources, electronic textiles, and large-scale industrial roofing. fPSCs are lightweight, bendable, and suitable for roll-to-roll industrial production and can be integrated easily over any surface. This Review discusses the recent development of materials for fPSCs based on various flexible substrates, including plastic, metal, and other flexible substrates, as well as fiber-shaped perovskite solar cells, with a focus on the device structure, material selection for each layer, mechanical flexibility and the environmental stability of the fPSC devices. Finally, future applications and the outlook for fPSCs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehangshu Mishra
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Subrata Ghosh
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Trilok Singh
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
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17
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Goetz KP, Taylor AD, Hofstetter YJ, Vaynzof Y. Sustainability in Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:1-17. [PMID: 33372760 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
At a current value of 25.5%, perovskites have reached some of the highest power conversion efficiencies of all single-junction solar cell devices. Researchers, however, are questioning their readiness for the commercial market, citing reasons of the toxicity of the lead-based active layer and instability. Closer examination of the life cycle of perovskite solar cells reveals that there are more areas than just these which should be addressed in order to bring an environmentally friendly and sustainable technology to global use. In this review, we discuss these issues. Life cycle analyses show that high temperature processes, heavy use of organic solvents, and extensive use of certain materials can have high up and downstream consequences in terms of emissions, human and ecotoxicity. We further bring attention to the toxicity of the perovskites themselves, where the most direct analyses suggest that the lead cannot be considered totally safe, despite its small quantity and that replacements such as tin may be more toxic in certain scenarios. As a way to reduce the negative environmental impact, we highlight ways in which researchers have used encapsulation and recycling to extend the life of the entire unit and its components and to prevent lead leakage. We hope this review directs researchers toward new strategies to introduce a clean solar technology to the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn P Goetz
- Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technical University of Dresden, Nöthnitzer Strasse 61, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander D Taylor
- Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technical University of Dresden, Nöthnitzer Strasse 61, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Yvonne J Hofstetter
- Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technical University of Dresden, Nöthnitzer Strasse 61, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Yana Vaynzof
- Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technical University of Dresden, Nöthnitzer Strasse 61, 01187 Dresden, Germany
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18
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Wan J, Xia Y, Fang J, Zhang Z, Xu B, Wang J, Ai L, Song W, Hui KN, Fan X, Li Y. Solution-Processed Transparent Conducting Electrodes for Flexible Organic Solar Cells with 16.61% Efficiency. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:44. [PMID: 34138225 PMCID: PMC8187532 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-00566-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nonfullerene organic solar cells (OSCs) have achieved breakthrough with pushing the efficiency exceeding 17%. While this shed light on OSC commercialization, high-performance flexible OSCs should be pursued through solution manufacturing. Herein, we report a solution-processed flexible OSC based on a transparent conducting PEDOT:PSS anode doped with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (CF3SO3H). Through a low-concentration and low-temperature CF3SO3H doping, the conducting polymer anodes exhibited a main sheet resistance of 35 Ω sq-1 (minimum value: 32 Ω sq-1), a raised work function (≈ 5.0 eV), a superior wettability, and a high electrical stability. The high work function minimized the energy level mismatch among the anodes, hole-transporting layers and electron-donors of the active layers, thereby leading to an enhanced carrier extraction. The solution-processed flexible OSCs yielded a record-high efficiency of 16.41% (maximum value: 16.61%). Besides, the flexible OSCs afforded the 1000 cyclic bending tests at the radius of 1.5 mm and the long-time thermal treatments at 85 °C, demonstrating a high flexibility and a good thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanyong Wan
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonggao Xia
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Fang
- School of Physics and Electronics Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institution of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Organic/Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bingang Xu
- Nanotechnology Center, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhao Wang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Ai
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijie Song
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Kwun Nam Hui
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Fan
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institution of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
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19
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A key progress in introducing single walled carbon nanotubes to photovoltaic devices. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-020-01561-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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20
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Matsuo Y, Ogumi K, Jeon I, Wang H, Nakagawa T. Recent progress in porphyrin- and phthalocyanine-containing perovskite solar cells. RSC Adv 2020; 10:32678-32689. [PMID: 35516522 PMCID: PMC9056672 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03234d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we summarize the application of porphyrins and phthalocyanines in perovskite solar cells to date. Since the first porphyrin- and phthalocyanine-based perovskite solar cells were reported in 2009, their power conversion efficiency has dramatically increased from 3.9% to over 20%. Porphyrins and phthalocyanines have mostly been used as the charge selective layers in these cells. In some cases, they have been used inside the perovskite photoactive layer to form two-dimensional perovskite structures. In other cases, they were used at the interface to engineer the surface energy level. This review gives a chronological introduction to the application of porphyrins and phthalocyanines for perovskite solar cells depending on their role. This review article also provides the history of porphyrin and phthalocyanine derivative development from the perspective of perovskite solar cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Matsuo
- Institute of Materials Innovation, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Keisuke Ogumi
- Institute of Materials Innovation, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
- Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute 2-4-10 Aomi, Koto-ku Tokyo 135-0064 Japan
| | - Il Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Huan Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Takafumi Nakagawa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
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21
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Li P, Wu Z, Hu H, Zhang Y, Xiao T, Lu X, Ren Z, Li G, Wu Z, Hao J, Zhang HL, Zheng Z. Efficient Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells Using Low-Cost Cu Top and Bottom Electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:26050-26059. [PMID: 32419442 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are promising technology for flexible photovoltaic applications because of the low cost and good flexibility of the halide perovskite materials. Nevertheless, the use of transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) and noble metals (e.g., Au and Ag) as PSC electrodes is very costly, and TCOs are too brittle for flexible applications. How to fabricate flexible PSCs (FPSCs) with cost-effective and soft electrode materials remains to be a big challenge. Herein, we report the first study of FPSCs using low-cost Cu electrodes. Both the transparent bottom electrode and the opaque top electrode are fabricated with Cu. FPSCs made with such Cu electrodes acquire a champion efficiency of 13.58% (Jsc of 17.79 mA cm-2, Voc of 1.031 V, and FF of 74.07%), which retains over 90% after 1000 cycles of bending at a small radius of curvature of 5 mm. The device shows negligible changes in Voc and FF after storage for 10 weeks without encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhongwei Wu
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hong Hu
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yaokang Zhang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ting Xiao
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhiwei Ren
- Advanced Materials & Electronics Lab, Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gang Li
- Advanced Materials & Electronics Lab, Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zehan Wu
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianhua Hao
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 P.R. China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices, Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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22
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Ansón-Casaos A, Sanahuja-Parejo O, Hernández-Ferrer J, Benito AM, Maser WK. Carbon Nanotube Film Electrodes with Acrylic Additives: Blocking Electrochemical Charge Transfer Reactions. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1078. [PMID: 32486435 PMCID: PMC7353131 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) processed into conductive films by liquid phase deposition technologies reveal increasing interest as electrode components in electrochemical device platforms for sensing and energy storage applications. In this work we show that the addition of acrylic latex to water-based CNT inks not only favors the fabrication of stable and robust flexible electrodes on plastic substrates but, moreover, sensitively enables the control of their electrical and electrochemical transport properties. Importantly, within a given concentration range, the acrylic additive in the films, being used as working electrodes, effectively blocks undesired faradaic transfer reactions across the electrode-electrolyte interface while maintaining their capacitance response as probed in a three-electrode electrochemical device configuration. Our results suggest a valuable strategy to enhance the chemical stability of CNT film electrodes and to suppress non-specific parasitic electrochemical reactions of relevance to electroanalytical and energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Ansón-Casaos
- Instituto de Carboquímica, ICB-CSIC, Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (O.S.-P.); (J.H.-F.); (A.M.B.); (W.K.M.)
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23
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Zhang Y, Ng SW, Lu X, Zheng Z. Solution-Processed Transparent Electrodes for Emerging Thin-Film Solar Cells. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2049-2122. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaokang Zhang
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices and Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sze-Wing Ng
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices and Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices and Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zijian Zheng
- Laboratory for Advanced Interfacial Materials and Devices and Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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24
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Bahrani S, Hashemi SA, Mousavi SM, Azhdari R. Zinc-based metal-organic frameworks as nontoxic and biodegradable platforms for biomedical applications: review study. Drug Metab Rev 2019; 51:356-377. [PMID: 31203696 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2019.1632887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Development of biomedical systems for controllable drug delivery systems and construction of biosensors is imperative to reduce side effects of common treatment techniques and enhance the therapeutic efficacy. To address this issue, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as hybrid porous polymeric structures have attracted worldwide attention due to their unprecedented opportunities in vast range of applications in diverse fields including chemistry, biological, and medicinal science as gas storage/separation, sensing, and drug delivery systems. Recently, biomedical application has become an interesting and promising issue for development and usage of multi-functional MOFs. Flexible chemical composition and versatile porous structure of MOFs enable the engineering and enhancement of their medical formulation and functionality as practical carriers for whether therapeutic or imaging agents. One important point in this domain is the efficient delivery of drugs in the body using nontoxic and biodegradable carriers. This review brings together the literatures that addressing the biomedical applications of Zinc-based MOFs (i.e. as drug delivery systems or nontoxic agent in matter of therapeutic applications) to present recent achievements in this interesting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Bahrani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Seyyed Alireza Hashemi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Rouhollah Azhdari
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran.,Faculty of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas, Semnan University , Semnan , Iran
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25
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Yang D, Yang R, Priya S, Liu S(F. Recent Advances in Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells: Fabrication and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4466-4483. [PMID: 30332522 PMCID: PMC6582445 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Flexible perovskite solar cells have attracted widespread research effort because of their potential in portable electronics. The efficiency has exceeded 18 % owing to the high-quality perovskite film achieved by various low-temperature fabrication methods and matching of the interface and electrode materials. This Review focuses on recent progress in flexible perovskite solar cells concerning low-temperature fabrication methods to improve the properties of perovskite films, such as full coverage, uniform morphology, and good crystallinity; demonstrated interface layers used in flexible perovskite solar cells, considering key figures-of-merit such as high transmittance, high carrier mobility, suitable band gap, and easy fabrication via low-temperature methods; flexible transparent electrode materials developed to enhance the mechanical stability of the devices; mechanical and long-term environmental stability; an outlook of flexible perovskite solar cells in portable electronic devices; and perspectives of commercialization for flexible perovskite solar cells based on cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal University620 West Chang'an AvenueXi'an710119China
- Materials Science and EngineeringPenn StateUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Ruixia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal University620 West Chang'an AvenueXi'an710119China
| | - Shashank Priya
- Materials Science and EngineeringPenn StateUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Shengzhong (Frank) Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal University620 West Chang'an AvenueXi'an710119China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEMDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences457 Zhongshan RoadDalian116023China
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26
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Bati ASR, Yu L, Tawfik SA, Spencer MJS, Shaw PE, Batmunkh M, Shapter JG. Electrically Sorted Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes-Based Electron Transporting Layers for Perovskite Solar Cells. iScience 2019; 14:100-112. [PMID: 30947087 PMCID: PMC6446177 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Incorporation of as prepared single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) into the electron transporting layer (ETL) is an effective strategy to enhance the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the fundamental role of the SWCNT electrical types in the PSCs is not well understood. Herein, we prepared semiconducting (s-) and metallic (m-) SWCNT families and integrated them into TiO2 photoelectrodes of the PSCs. Based on experimental and theoretical studies, we found that the electrical type of the nanotubes plays an important role in the devices. In particular, the mixture of s-SWCNTs and m-SWCNTs (2:1 w/w)-based PSCs exhibited a remarkable efficiency of up to 19.35%, which was significantly higher than that of the best control cell (17.04%). In this class of PSCs, semiconducting properties of s-SWCNTs play a critical role in extracting and transporting electrons, whereas m-SWCNTs provide high conductance throughout the electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz S R Bati
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - LePing Yu
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | | | - Michelle J S Spencer
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Paul E Shaw
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Munkhbayar Batmunkh
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Joseph G Shapter
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia.
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27
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Yang D, Yang R, Priya S, Liu S(F. Flexible Perowskit‐Solarzellen: Herstellung und Anwendungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201809781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University 620 West Chang'an Avenue Xi'an 710119 China
- Materials Science and Engineering Penn State University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Ruixia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University 620 West Chang'an Avenue Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Shashank Priya
- Materials Science and Engineering Penn State University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Shengzhong (Frank) Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University 620 West Chang'an Avenue Xi'an 710119 China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
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28
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Orimolade BO, Koiki BA, Zwane BN, Peleyeju GM, Mabuba N, Arotiba OA. Interrogating solar photoelectrocatalysis on an exfoliated graphite–BiVO4/ZnO composite electrode towards water treatment. RSC Adv 2019; 9:16586-16595. [PMID: 35516409 PMCID: PMC9064408 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02366f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel photoanode consisting of an exfoliated graphite–BiVO4/ZnO heterostructured nanocomposite was fabricated. The material was characterised with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Photoelectrochemical studies were carried out with cyclic/linear sweep voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The solar photoelectrochemical properties of the heterojunction photoanode were investigated through the degradation of rhodamine B in water. The results revealed that the nanoparticles of BiVO4 and ZnO were well entrapped within the interlayers of the exfoliated graphite (EG) sheets. Improved charge separation was achieved in the EG–BiVO4/ZnO composite electrode which resulted in superior photoelectrochemical performance than individual BiVO4 and ZnO electrodes. A higher degradation efficiency of 91% of rhodamine B was recorded using the composite electrode with the application of 10 mA cm−2 current density and a solution pH of 7. The highest total organic carbon removal of 74% was also recorded with the EG–BiVO4/ZnO. Data from scavenger studies were used to support the proposed mechanism of degradation. The electrode has high stability and reusability and hence lends itself to applications in photoelectrocatalysis, especially in water treatment. Band alignment between ZnO and BiVO4 on exfoliated graphite (EG) support.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Busisiwe N. Zwane
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- University of Johannesburg
- South Africa
| | | | - Nonhlangabezo Mabuba
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- University of Johannesburg
- South Africa
- Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research
- University of Johannesburg
| | - Omotayo A. Arotiba
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- University of Johannesburg
- South Africa
- Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research
- University of Johannesburg
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29
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Agbolaghi S. Efficacy beyond 17% via engineering the length and quality of grafts in organic halide perovskite/CNT photovoltaics. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02074h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Pure CNTs and their derivatives grafted with the poly(3-dodecyl thiophene) (CNT-g-PDDT) and poly(3-hexylthiophene) (CNT-g-P3HT) polymers were employed to improve the morphological, optical, and photovoltaic properties of perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Agbolaghi
- Chemical Engineering Department
- Faculty of Engineering
- Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University
- Tabriz
- Iran
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30
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Lin HS, Jeon I, Xiang R, Seo S, Lee JW, Li C, Pal A, Manzhos S, Goorsky MS, Yang Y, Maruyama S, Matsuo Y. Achieving High Efficiency in Solution-Processed Perovskite Solar Cells Using C 60/C 70 Mixed Fullerenes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:39590-39598. [PMID: 30259726 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Fullerenes have attracted considerable interest as an electron-transporting layer in perovskite solar cells. Fullerene-based perovskite solar cells produce no hysteresis and do not require high-temperature annealing. However, high power conversion efficiency has been only achieved when the fullerene layer is thermally evaporated, which is an expensive process. In this work, the limitations of a solution-processed fullerene layer have been identified as high crystallinity and the presence of remnant solvents, in contrast to a thermally deposited C60 film, which has low crystallinity and no remaining solvents. As a solution to these problems, a mixed C60 and C70 solution-processed film, which exhibits low crystallinity, is proposed as an electron-transporting layer. The mixed-fullerene-based devices produce power conversion efficiencies as high as that of the thermally evaporated C60-based device (16.7%) owing to improved fill factor and open-circuit voltage. In addition, by vacuum-drying the mixed fullerene film, the power conversion efficiency of the solution-processed perovskite solar cells is further improved to 18.0%. This improvement originates from the enhanced transmittance and charge transport by removing the solvent effect. This simple and low-cost method can be easily used in any type of solar cells with fullerene as the electron-transporting layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Sheng Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Il Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Seungju Seo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Jin-Wook Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , National University of Singapore , Block EA #07-08, 9 Engineering Drive 1 , Singapore 117576 , Singapore
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , National University of Singapore , Block EA #07-08, 9 Engineering Drive 1 , Singapore 117576 , Singapore
| | - Amrita Pal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Sergei Manzhos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Mark S Goorsky
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , National University of Singapore , Block EA #07-08, 9 Engineering Drive 1 , Singapore 117576 , Singapore
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , National University of Singapore , Block EA #07-08, 9 Engineering Drive 1 , Singapore 117576 , Singapore
| | - Shigeo Maruyama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
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31
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Liao Y, Jiang H, Wei N, Laiho P, Zhang Q, Khan SA, Kauppinen EI. Direct Synthesis of Colorful Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Thin Films. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:9797-9800. [PMID: 30049205 PMCID: PMC6150687 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
![]()
In
floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FC-CVD), tuning
chirality distribution and obtaining narrow chirality distribution
of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) is challenging. Herein,
by introducing various amount of CO2 in FC-CVD using CO
as a carbon source, we have succeeded in directly synthesizing SWCNT
films with tunable chirality distribution as well as tunable colors.
In particular, with 0.25 and 0.37 volume percent of CO2, the SWCNT films display green and brown colors, respectively. We
ascribed various colors to suitable diameter and narrow chirality
distribution of SWCNTs. Additionally, by optimizing reactor temperature,
we achieved much narrower (n,m)
distribution clustered around (11,9) with extremely narrow diameter
range (>98% between 1.2 and 1.5 nm). We propose that CO2 may affect CO disproportionation and nucleation modes of SWCNTs,
resulting in SWCNTs’ various diameter ranges. Our work could
provide a new route for high-yield and direct synthesis of SWCNTs
with narrow chirality distribution and offer potential applications
in electronics, such as touch sensors or transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Liao
- Department of Applied Physics , Aalto University School of Science , P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto , Finland
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Applied Physics , Aalto University School of Science , P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto , Finland
| | - Nan Wei
- Department of Applied Physics , Aalto University School of Science , P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto , Finland
| | - Patrik Laiho
- Department of Applied Physics , Aalto University School of Science , P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto , Finland
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics , Aalto University School of Science , P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto , Finland
| | - Sabbir A Khan
- Department of Applied Physics , Aalto University School of Science , P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto , Finland
| | - Esko I Kauppinen
- Department of Applied Physics , Aalto University School of Science , P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto , Finland
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32
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Jeon I, Matsuo Y, Maruyama S. Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Solar Cells. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2018; 376:4. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-017-0181-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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33
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Lu S, Sun Y, Ren K, Liu K, Wang Z, Qu S. Recent Development in ITO-free Flexible Polymer Solar Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 10:E5. [PMID: 30966042 PMCID: PMC6414855 DOI: 10.3390/polym10010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer solar cells have shown good prospect for development due to their advantages of low-cost, light-weight, solution processable fabrication, and mechanical flexibility. Their compatibility with the industrial roll-to-roll manufacturing process makes it superior to other kind of solar cells. Normally, indium tin oxide (ITO) is adopted as the transparent electrode in polymer solar cells, which combines good conductivity and transparency. However, some intrinsic weaknesses of ITO restrict its large scale applications in the future, including a high fabrication price using high temperature vacuum deposition method, scarcity of indium, brittleness and scaling up of resistance with the increase of area. Some substitutes to ITO have emerged in recent years, which can be used in flexible polymer solar cells. This article provides the review on recent progress using other transparent electrodes, including carbon nanotubes, graphene, metal nanowires and nanogrids, conductive polymer, and some other electrodes. Device stability is also discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudi Lu
- Department of Physics, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Yang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Semiconductor Materials and Devices, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Kuankuan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Semiconductor Materials and Devices, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Kong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Semiconductor Materials and Devices, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Semiconductor Materials and Devices, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Shengchun Qu
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Semiconductor Materials and Devices, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China.
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34
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Jeon I, Yoon J, Ahn N, Atwa M, Delacou C, Anisimov A, Kauppinen EI, Choi M, Maruyama S, Matsuo Y. Carbon Nanotubes versus Graphene as Flexible Transparent Electrodes in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:5395-5401. [PMID: 28994283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Transparent carbon electrodes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene were used as the bottom electrode in flexible inverted perovskite solar cells. Their photovoltaic performance and mechanical resilience were compared and analyzed using various techniques. Whereas a conventional inverted perovskite solar cells using indium tin oxide showed a power conversion efficiency of 17.8%, the carbon nanotube- and graphene-based cells showed efficiencies of 12.8% and 14.2%, respectively. An established MoO3 doping was used for carbon electrode-based devices. The difference in the photovoltaic performance between the carbon nanotube- and graphene-based cells was due to the difference in morphology and transmittance. Raman spectroscopy, and cyclic flexural testing revealed that the graphene-based cells were more susceptible to strain than the carbon nanotube-based cells, though the difference was marginal. Overall, despite higher performance, the transfer step for graphene has lower reproducibility. Thus, the development of better graphene transfer methods would help maximize the current capacity of graphene-based cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Jungjin Yoon
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Namyoung Ahn
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Mohamed Atwa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Clement Delacou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Anton Anisimov
- Canatu, Ltd. , Konalankuja 5, FI-00390 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esko I Kauppinen
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science , FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Mansoo Choi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Shigeo Maruyama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Energy Nano Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Ibaraki 305-8564, Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China , Anhui 230026, China
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35
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Kinoshita H, Jeon I, Maruyama M, Kawahara K, Terao Y, Ding D, Matsumoto R, Matsuo Y, Okada S, Ago H. Highly Conductive and Transparent Large-Area Bilayer Graphene Realized by MoCl 5 Intercalation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1702141. [PMID: 28922479 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bilayer graphene (BLG) comprises a 2D nanospace sandwiched by two parallel graphene sheets that can be used to intercalate molecules or ions for attaining novel functionalities. However, intercalation is mostly demonstrated with small, exfoliated graphene flakes. This study demonstrates intercalation of molybdenum chloride (MoCl5 ) into a large-area, uniform BLG sheet, which is grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). This study reveals that the degree of MoCl5 intercalation strongly depends on the stacking order of the graphene; twist-stacked graphene shows a much higher degree of intercalation than AB-stacked. Density functional theory calculations suggest that weak interlayer coupling in the twist-stacked graphene contributes to the effective intercalation. By selectively synthesizing twist-rich BLG films through control of the CVD conditions, low sheet resistance (83 Ω ▫-1 ) is realized after MoCl5 intercalation, while maintaining high optical transmittance (≈95%). The low sheet resistance state is relatively stable in air for more than three months. Furthermore, the intercalated BLG film is applied to organic solar cells, realizing a high power conversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kinoshita
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Il Jeon
- School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Mina Maruyama
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawahara
- Global Innovation Center (GIC), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Yuri Terao
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Dong Ding
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Rika Matsumoto
- Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo Polytechnic University, Kanagawa, 243-0297, Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsuo
- School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Susumu Okada
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ago
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan
- Global Innovation Center (GIC), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan
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36
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Chen H, Yang S. Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells without Hole Transport Materials: The Front Runner to the Market? ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29. [PMID: 28220961 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Organometal trihalide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have garnered recent interest in the scientific community. In the past few years, they have achieved power conversion efficiencies comparable to traditional commercial solar cells (e.g., crystalline Si, CuInGaSe and CdTe) due to their low-cost of production via solution-processed fabrication techniques. However, the stability of PSCs must be addressed before their commercialization is viable. Among various kinds of PSCs, carbon-based PSCs without hole transport materials (C-PSCs) seem to be the most promising for addressing the stability issue because carbon materials are stable, inert to ion migration (which originates from perovskite and metal electrodes), and inherently water-resistant. Despite the significant development of C-PSCs since they were first reported in 2013, some pending issues still need to be addressed to increase their commercial competitiveness. Herein, recent developments in C-PSCs, including (1) device structure and working principles, (2) categorical progress of and comparison between meso C-PSCs, embedment C-PSCs and paintable PSCs, are reviewed. Promising research directions are then suggested (e.g., materials, interfaces, structure, stability measurement and scaling-up of production) to further improve and promote the commercialization of C-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Shihe Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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37
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Ou XL, Feng J, Xu M, Sun HB. Semitransparent and flexible perovskite solar cell with high visible transmittance based on ultrathin metallic electrodes. OPTICS LETTERS 2017; 42:1958-1961. [PMID: 28504769 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.001958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We have fabricated semitransparent and flexible indium-free perovskite solar cells (PeSCs) with high visible transmittance employing two kinds of composite ultrathin metallic electrodes, MoO3/Au and MoO3/Au/Ag/MoO3/Alq3, as the bottom and top electrodes, respectively. These electrodes show superb electrical conductivity, excellent mechanical robustness, and high optical transparency which are quite suitable for semitransparent and flexible PeSCs. An overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.96% and an average visible transmittance of 18.16% in the wavelength range of 380-790 nm were achieved. Furthermore, the devices maintained 71% of their initial PCE after 1000 bending cycles with a bending radius of 4 mm.
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38
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Yoshida S, Feng Y, Delacou C, Inoue T, Xiang R, Kometani R, Chiashi S, Kauppinen EI, Maruyama S. Morphology dependence of the thermal transport properties of single-walled carbon nanotube thin films. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:185701. [PMID: 28290374 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa6698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The thermal transport properties of random network, single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) films were assessed using Raman spectroscopy. Two types of SWNT films were investigated: single-layer and stacked. The single-layer films were fabricated by aerosol chemical vapour deposition and subsequent direct dry deposition, while the stacked films were prepared by placing the single-layer films on top of one another. The anisotropy of the network structures of each of these films was evaluated based on the angular dependence of the optical absorbance spectra. The results show that the anisotropy of the films decreases with increasing film thickness in the case of the single-layer films, and that the film anisotropy is preserved during the stacking process. The sheet thermal conductance is proportional to the SWNT area density in the case of stacked films, but is reduced with increasing thickness in the case of single-layer films. This effect is explained by a change in the network morphology from a two-dimensional anisotropic structure to the more isotropic structure. This work demonstrates the fabrication of low-density films with high sheet thermal conductance through the stacking of thin SWNT films.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yoshida
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 113-8656, Tokyo, Japan
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39
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Zheng X, Chen H, Li Q, Yang Y, Wei Z, Bai Y, Qiu Y, Zhou D, Wong KS, Yang S. Boron Doping of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Significantly Enhances Hole Extraction in Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:2496-2505. [PMID: 28287749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Compared to the conventional perovskite solar cells (PSCs) containing hole-transport materials (HTM), carbon materials based HTM-free PSCs (C-PSCs) have often suffered from inferior power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) arising at least partially from the inefficient hole extraction at the perovskite-carbon interface. Here, we show that boron (B) doping of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (B-MWNTs) electrodes are superior in enabling enhanced hole extraction and transport by increasing work function, carrier concentration, and conductivity of MWNTs. The C-PSCs prepared using the B-MWNTs as the counter electrodes to extract and transport hole carriers have achieved remarkably higher performances than that with the undoped MWNTs, with the resulting PCE being considerably improved from 10.70% (average of 9.58%) to 14.60% (average of 13.70%). Significantly, these cells show negligible hysteretic behavior. Moreover, by coating a thin layer of insulating aluminum oxide (Al2O3) on the mesoporous TiO2 film as a physical barrier to substantially reduce the charge losses, the PCE has been further pushed to 15.23% (average 14.20%). Finally, the impressive durability and stability of the prepared C-PSCs were also testified under various conditions, including long-term air exposure, heat treatment, and high humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haining Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University , Beijing 100191, China
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40
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Yu H, Ryu J, Lee JW, Roh J, Lee K, Yun J, Lee J, Kim YK, Hwang D, Kang J, Kim SK, Jang J. Large Grain-Based Hole-Blocking Layer-Free Planar-Type Perovskite Solar Cell with Best Efficiency of 18.20. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:8113-8120. [PMID: 28211274 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b15710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
There remains tremendous interest in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in the solar energy field; the certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) now exceeds 20%. Along with research focused on enhancing PCE, studies are also underway concerning PSC commercialization. It is crucial to simplify the fabrication process and reduce the production cost to facilitate commercialization. Herein, we successfully fabricated highly efficient hole-blocking layer (HBL)-free PSCs through vigorously interrupting penetration of hole-transport material (HTM) into fluorine-doped tin oxide by a large grain based-CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) film, thereby obtaining a PCE of 18.20%. Our results advance the commercialization of PSCs via a simple fabrication system and a low-cost approach in respect of mass production and recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haejun Yu
- World Class University (WCU) Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment (C2E2), School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jaehoon Ryu
- World Class University (WCU) Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment (C2E2), School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jong Woo Lee
- Department of Biophysics and Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jongmin Roh
- World Class University (WCU) Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment (C2E2), School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Kisu Lee
- World Class University (WCU) Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment (C2E2), School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Juyoung Yun
- World Class University (WCU) Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment (C2E2), School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jungsup Lee
- World Class University (WCU) Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment (C2E2), School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Yun Ki Kim
- World Class University (WCU) Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment (C2E2), School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Doyk Hwang
- Department of Biophysics and Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jooyoun Kang
- Department of Biophysics and Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Seong Keun Kim
- Department of Biophysics and Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jyongsik Jang
- World Class University (WCU) Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment (C2E2), School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Ning J, Hao L, Jin M, Qiu X, Shen Y, Liang J, Zhang X, Wang B, Li X, Zhi L. A Facile Reduction Method for Roll-to-Roll Production of High Performance Graphene-Based Transparent Conductive Films. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1605028. [PMID: 28042881 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201605028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A facile roll-to-roll method is developed for fabricating reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-based flexible transparent conductive films. A Sn2+ /ethanol reduction system and a rationally designed fast coating-drying-washing technique are proven to be highly efficient for low-cost continuous production of large-area rGO films and patterned rGO films, extremely beneficial toward the manufacture of flexible photoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ning
- CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Long Hao
- CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, P. R. China
| | - Meihua Jin
- CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiongying Qiu
- CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yudi Shen
- CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxu Liang
- CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xinghao Zhang
- CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xianglong Li
- CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Linjie Zhi
- CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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Wang J, Fei F, Luo Q, Nie S, Wu N, Chen X, Su W, Li Y, Ma CQ. Modification of the Highly Conductive PEDOT:PSS Layer for Use in Silver Nanogrid Electrodes for Flexible Inverted Polymer Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:7834-7842. [PMID: 28185453 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanogrid based flexible transparent electrode is recognized as the most promising alternative to ITO electrode for organic electronics, owing to its low production cost and excellent flexibility. Typically, a highly conductive thin film coating layer, such as highly conductive PEDOT:PSS (HC-PEDOT:PSS) is usually deposited onto the Ag-grid electrode to smooth the surface and to minimize the sheet resistance. In this paper, we found that inverted flexible polymer solar cells with structure of Ag-grid/HC-PEDOT:PSS/ZnO/photoactive layer/MoO3/Al generally exhibits strong S-shaped J-V curves, which could be eliminated by light-soaking treatment. Kelvin probe force microscope (KPFM) measurement proved that a large work function (WF) difference (0.70 eV) between HC-PEDOT:PSS and ZnO is the main reason for the formation of S-shape. White light soaking of the Ag-grid/HC-PEDOT:PSS gradually decreased the WF of HC-PEDOT:PSS from 5.10 to 4.60 eV, leading to a reduced WF difference between HC-PEDOT:PSS and ZnO from 0.70 to 0.38 eV. Such a WF difference decrease was believed to be the working mechanism for the light-soaking effect in this flexible device. Based on this finding, the HC-PEDOT:PSS solution was then modified by doping with polyethylenimine (PEI) and aqueous ammonia. The modified PEDOT:PSS film is characteristic of adjusting WF through varying PEI doping concentrations. By using such a modified PEDOT:PSS layer, light-soaking-free flexible inverted polymer solar cell with a power conversion efficiency of 6.58% was achieved for PTB7-Th:PC71BM cells. The current work provides a useful guideline for interfacial modification for Ag-grid based flexible electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shanxi 710049, PR China
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology , Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Fei Fei
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology , Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Qun Luo
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology , Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Shuhong Nie
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology , Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Na Wu
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology , Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Xiaolian Chen
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology , Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Wenming Su
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology , Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Yuanjie Li
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, Shanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Chang-Qi Ma
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology , Suzhou 215123, PR China
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43
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Zhang X, Aitola K, Hägglund C, Kaskela A, Johansson MB, Sveinbjörnsson K, Kauppinen EI, Johansson EMJ. Dry-Deposited Transparent Carbon Nanotube Film as Front Electrode in Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:434-441. [PMID: 27873480 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201601254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) show great potential as an alternative material for front electrodes in photovoltaic applications, especially for flexible devices. In this work, a press-transferred transparent SWCNT film was utilized as front electrode for colloidal quantum dot solar cells (CQDSCs). The solar cells were fabricated on both glass and flexible substrates, and maximum power conversion efficiencies of 5.5 and 5.6 %, respectively, were achieved, which corresponds to 90 and 92 % of an indium-doped tin oxide (ITO)-based device (6.1 %). The SWCNTs are therefore a very good alternative to the ITO-based electrodes especially for flexible solar cells. The optical electric field distribution and optical losses within the devices were simulated theoretically and the results agree with the experimental results. With the optical simulations that were performed it may also be possible to enhance the photovoltaic performance of SWCNT-based solar cells even further by optimizing the device configuration or by using additional optical active layers, thus reducing light reflection of the device and increasing light absorption in the quantum dot layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kerttu Aitola
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carl Hägglund
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Solid State Electronics, Uppsala University, 75121, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Antti Kaskela
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanomaterials Group, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Malin B Johansson
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kári Sveinbjörnsson
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Esko I Kauppinen
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanomaterials Group, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Erik M J Johansson
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
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44
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Barbero DR, Stranks SD. Functional Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Nanoengineered Networks for Organic- and Perovskite-Solar-Cell Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:9668-9685. [PMID: 27633954 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201600659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes have a variety of remarkable electronic and mechanical properties that, in principle, lend them to promising optoelectronic applications. However, the field has been plagued by heterogeneity in the distributions of synthesized tubes and uncontrolled bundling, both of which have prevented nanotubes from reaching their full potential. Here, a variety of recently demonstrated solution-processing avenues is presented, which may combat these challenges through manipulation of nanoscale structures. Recent advances in polymer-wrapping of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are shown, along with how the resulting nanostructures can selectively disperse tubes while also exploiting the favorable properties of the polymer, such as light-harvesting ability. New methods to controllably form nanoengineered SWNT networks with controlled nanotube placement are discussed. These nanoengineered networks decrease bundling, lower the percolation threshold, and enable a strong enhancement in charge conductivity compared to random networks, making them potentially attractive for optoelectronic applications. Finally, SWNT applications, to date, in organic and perovskite photovoltaics are reviewed, and insights as to how the aforementioned recent advancements can lead to improved device performance provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Barbero
- Nano-Engineered Materials and Organic Electronics Laboratory, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, 90187, Sweden
| | - Samuel D Stranks
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
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45
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Bao C, Zhu W, Yang J, Li F, Gu S, Wang Y, Yu T, Zhu J, Zhou Y, Zou Z. Highly Flexible Self-Powered Organolead Trihalide Perovskite Photodetectors with Gold Nanowire Networks as Transparent Electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:23868-23875. [PMID: 27556340 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Organolead trihalide perovskites (OTPs) such as CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) have attracted much attention as the absorbing layer in solar cells and photodetectors (PDs). Flexible OTP devices have also been developed. Transparent electrodes (TEs) with higher conductivity, stability, and flexibility are necessary to improve the performance and flexibility of flexible OTP devices. In this work, patterned Au nanowire (AuNW) networks with high conductivity and stability are prepared and used as TEs in self-powered flexible MAPbI3 PDs. These flexible PDs show peak external quantum efficiency and responsivity of 60% and 321 mA/W, which are comparable to those of MAPbI3 PDs based on ITO TEs. The linear dynamic range and response time of the AuNW-based flexible PDs reach ∼84 dB and ∼4 μs, respectively. Moreover, they show higher flexibility than ITO-based devices, around 90%, and 60% of the initial photocurrent can be retained for the AuNW-based flexible PDs when bent to radii of 2.5 and 1.5 mm. This work suggests a high-performance, highly flexible, and stable TE for OTP flexible devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiong Bao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Faming Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Gu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yangrunqian Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jia Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Zou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
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Zhou Y, Azumi R. Carbon nanotube based transparent conductive films: progress, challenges, and perspectives. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2016; 17:493-516. [PMID: 27877899 PMCID: PMC5111561 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2016.1214526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Developments in the manufacturing technology of low-cost, high-quality carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are leading to increased industrial applications for this remarkable material. One of the most promising applications, CNT based transparent conductive films (TCFs), are an alternative technology in future electronics to replace traditional TCFs, which use indium tin oxide. Despite significant price competition among various TCFs, CNT-based TCFs have good potential for use in emerging flexible, stretchable and wearable optoelectronics. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in the fabrication, properties, stability and applications of CNT-based TCFs. The challenges of current CNT-based TCFs for industrial use, in comparison with other TCFs, are considered. We also discuss the potential of CNT-based TCFs, and give some possible strategies to reduce the production cost and improve their conductivity and transparency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Photonics and Electronics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Reiko Azumi
- Photonics and Electronics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
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47
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Jeon I, Delacou C, Kaskela A, Kauppinen EI, Maruyama S, Matsuo Y. Metal-electrode-free Window-like Organic Solar Cells with p-Doped Carbon Nanotube Thin-film Electrodes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31348. [PMID: 27527565 PMCID: PMC4985658 DOI: 10.1038/srep31348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic solar cells are flexible and inexpensive, and expected to have a wide range of applications. Many transparent organic solar cells have been reported and their success hinges on full transparency and high power conversion efficiency. Recently, carbon nanotubes and graphene, which meet these criteria, have been used in transparent conductive electrodes. However, their use in top electrodes has been limited by mechanical difficulties in fabrication and doping. Here, expensive metal top electrodes were replaced with high-performance, easy-to-transfer, aerosol-synthesized carbon nanotubes to produce transparent organic solar cells. The carbon nanotubes were p-doped by two new methods: HNO3 doping via 'sandwich transfer', and MoOx thermal doping via 'bridge transfer'. Although both of the doping methods improved the performance of the carbon nanotubes and the photovoltaic performance of devices, sandwich transfer, which gave a 4.1% power conversion efficiency, was slightly more effective than bridge transfer, which produced a power conversion efficiency of 3.4%. Applying a thinner carbon nanotube film with 90% transparency decreased the efficiency to 3.7%, which was still high. Overall, the transparent solar cells had an efficiency of around 50% that of non-transparent metal-based solar cells (7.8%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Il Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Clement Delacou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Antti Kaskela
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, 15100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Esko I Kauppinen
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, 15100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Shigeo Maruyama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.,National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-2-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564, Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsuo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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48
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Cui K, Maruyama S. Carbon Nanotube-Silicon Solar Cells: Improving performance for next-generation energy systems. IEEE NANOTECHNOLOGY MAGAZINE 2016. [DOI: 10.1109/mnano.2015.2506318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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49
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Loh KP, Tong SW, Wu J. Graphene and Graphene-like Molecules: Prospects in Solar Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:1095-102. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b10917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry and
Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | - Shi Wun Tong
- Department of Chemistry and
Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry and
Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
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