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Bhuyan R, Mony J, Kotov O, Castellanos GW, Gómez Rivas J, Shegai TO, Börjesson K. The Rise and Current Status of Polaritonic Photochemistry and Photophysics. Chem Rev 2023; 123:10877-10919. [PMID: 37683254 PMCID: PMC10540218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between molecular electronic transitions and electromagnetic fields can be enlarged to the point where distinct hybrid light-matter states, polaritons, emerge. The photonic contribution to these states results in increased complexity as well as an opening to modify the photophysics and photochemistry beyond what normally can be seen in organic molecules. It is today evident that polaritons offer opportunities for molecular photochemistry and photophysics, which has caused an ever-rising interest in the field. Focusing on the experimental landmarks, this review takes its reader from the advent of the field of polaritonic chemistry, over the split into polariton chemistry and photochemistry, to present day status within polaritonic photochemistry and photophysics. To introduce the field, the review starts with a general description of light-matter interactions, how to enhance these, and what characterizes the coupling strength. Then the photochemistry and photophysics of strongly coupled systems using Fabry-Perot and plasmonic cavities are described. This is followed by a description of room-temperature Bose-Einstein condensation/polariton lasing in polaritonic systems. The review ends with a discussion on the benefits, limitations, and future developments of strong exciton-photon coupling using organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Bhuyan
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jürgen Mony
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Oleg Kotov
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Gabriel W. Castellanos
- Department
of Applied Physics and Science Education, Eindhoven Hendrik Casimir
Institute and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jaime Gómez Rivas
- Department
of Applied Physics and Science Education, Eindhoven Hendrik Casimir
Institute and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Timur O. Shegai
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Karl Börjesson
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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2
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Zheng J, Zhang C, Li H, Liu X, Huang Y, Zhu J, Yang Z, Li L. Multi-band optical resonance of all-dielectric metasurfaces toward high-performance ultraviolet sensing. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:20026-20031. [PMID: 37461911 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02634e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
All-dielectric sensors featuring low-loss resonances have been proposed instead of plasmonic-based sensors. However, reported dielectric-based sensors generally work in the visible and near-infrared regions and detect the intensity variation of resonant modes because the electromagnetic energy is mainly confined inside dielectric nanoparticles. It is a challenge to adjust the hotspots from the inside to the surface of the all-dielectric metasurface. In this study, highly uniform Si3N4 all-dielectric metasurfaces have been successfully fabricated as sensing platforms by utilizing nanosphere self-assembly and plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition techniques. Experimental and simulated results demonstrate that proposed Si3N4 all-dielectric metasurfaces exhibit multiple optical resonant modes in the ultraviolet and visible wavelength and present distinct field-confinement in the gaps of nanoparticles. The hotspots have been successfully adjusted to the surface of Si3N4 nanoparticles. Delightedly, Si3N4 all-dielectric metasurfaces show characteristic wavelength shifts with variation of the refractive index, and the sensitivity can reach 707 nm per RIU for trace detection as sensing substrates. Proposed Si3N4 all-dielectric metasurfaces are promising to act as high-sensitive sensing substrates in the ultraviolet and visible wavelength with the ease of high-throughput fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optics, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, P. R. China.
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optics, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Li
- Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optics, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, P. R. China.
| | - Xianchao Liu
- Southwest Institute of Technical Physics, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Yijia Huang
- Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optics, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, P. R. China.
| | - Jianqi Zhu
- Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optics, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, P. R. China.
| | - Zhilin Yang
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optics, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, P. R. China.
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3
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Coe B, Sevik R, Biswas M, Manna U. Resonant coupling of molecular excitons and optical anapoles in silicon nanosphere-J-aggregate heterostructures under vector beam illumination. APPLIED OPTICS 2023; 62:5487-5493. [PMID: 37706866 DOI: 10.1364/ao.494702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Resonant excitation of high-index dielectric nanostructures and their coupling with molecular excitons provide great opportunities for engineering adaptable platforms for hybrid functional optical devices. Here, we numerically calculate resonance coupling of nonradiating anapole states to molecular excitons within silicon nanosphere-J-aggregate heterostructures under illumination with radially polarized cylindrical vector beams. The results show that the resonance coupling is accompanied by a scattering peak around the exciton transition frequency, and the anapole state splits into a pair of anticrossing eigenmodes with a mode splitting energy of ≈200m e V. We also investigate the resonance coupling as a function of the J-aggregate parameters, such as thickness, exciton transition linewidth, and oscillator strength. Resonant coupling of the anapole states and J-aggregate heterostructures could be a promising platform for future nanophotonic applications such as in information processing and sensing.
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Zhao W, Zhang Q, Zheng H, Bai Y, Yu Y, Chen Z, Yun X, Liu SD. Resonance coupling between chiral quasi-BICs and achiral molecular excitons in dielectric metasurface J-aggregate heterostructures. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:1252-1255. [PMID: 36857260 DOI: 10.1364/ol.483147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The realization of flexible tuning and enhanced chiral responses is vital for many applications in nanophotonics. This study proposes to manipulate the collective optical responses with heterostructures consisting of chiral dielectric metasurfaces and achiral J-aggregates. Owing to the resonance coupling between the chiral quasi-bound states in the continuum (QBICs) and the achiral exciton mode, large mode splitting and anticrossing are observed in both the transmission and circular dichroism (CD) spectra, which indicates the formation of hybrid chiral eigenmodes and the realization of the strong coupling regime. Considering that the radiative and dissipative damping of the hybrid eigenmodes depends on the coherent energy exchange, the chiral resonances can be flexibly tuned by adjusting the geometry and optical constants for the heterostructure, and the CD of the three hybrid eigenmodes approach the maximum (∼1) simultaneously when the critical coupling conditions are satisfied, which can be promising for enhanced chiral light-matter interactions.
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5
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A novel spectroscopic technique for studying metal-organic frameworks based on Mie scattering. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:1313-1320. [PMID: 36624197 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04512-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising candidates for a wide range of applications, and spectroscopic techniques are important tools for analyzing their structures and properties. Here, we propose a novel and general scattering spectroscopic approach to study various MOFs such as zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-67 and ZIF-8), HKUST-1, Co-based MOF (Co-MOF), and Ni-based MOF (Ni-MOF) based on their inherent Mie scattering properties. We show that by using a dark-field microscope, the inherent scattering colors and spectra can be obtained, which are mainly from the high-order magnetic and electric resonant modes. The scattering capacities are dependent on the chemical structures for producing polarized charges and internal circular displacement currents. Additionally, all the MOFs are capable of responding to solvent guests due to their high porosity, and the scattering peaks are in a linear correlation with solvent refractive indices, displaying scattering solvatochromic behaviors. Our results open up a powerful and universal avenue for visually studying the host-guest interactions in MOFs.
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Ma C, Zhao F, Zhou F, Li M, Zheng Z, Yan J, Li J, Li X, Guan BO, Chen K. Etching-free high-throughput intersectional nanofabrication of diverse optical nanoantennas for nanoscale light manipulation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 622:950-959. [PMID: 35561613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The capabilities to manipulate light-matter interaction at the nanoscale lie at the core of many promising photonic applications. Optical nanoantennas, made of metallic or dielectric materials, have seen a rapid development for their remarkable optical properties facilitating the coupling of electromagnetic waves with subwavelength entities. However, high-throughput and cost-effective fabrication of these nanoantennas is still a daunting challenge. In this work, we provide a versatile nanofabrication method capable of producing large scale optical nanoantennas with different shapes. It is developed from colloidal lithography with no dry etching required. Furthermore, both metallic and all-dielectric nanoantennas can be readily fabrication in a high-throughput fashion. Au and Si nanodisks were fabricated and employed to assemble heterostructures with monolayer tungsten disulfide. Strong coupling is observed in both systems between plasmon modes (Au nanodisks) or anapole modes (Si nanodisks) with excitons. We believe that this nanofabrication method could find a wide range of applications with the diverse optical nanoantennas it can engineer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Churong Ma
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Fangrong Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Meng Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhaoqiang Zheng
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiahao Yan
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Jie Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiangping Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bai-Ou Guan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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7
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Flexible Silicon Dimer Nanocavity with Electric and Magnetic Enhancement. PHOTONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics9040267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
High-index dielectrics have recently been regarded as promising building blocks in nanophotonics owing to optical electric and magnetic Mie resonances. In particular, silicon is gaining great interest as the backbone of modern technology. Here, silicon dimer nanocavities with different sizes of silicon nanospheres were constructed using a probe nanomanipulation method and interacted with a few-layered R6G membrane to investigate the enhancement of electric and magnetic mode coupling. The evidence of the enhancement of fluorescence and slightly prolonged lifetime of R6G indicated the existence of nanocavities. In addition, the simulated electric and magnetic field distributions and decomposed mode of nanocavity were used to analyze the contribution of electric and magnetic modes to the R6G enhanced fluorescence. Such silicon dimer is a flexible nanocavity with electric and magnetic mode enhancement and has promising applications in sensing and all-dielectric metamaterials or nanophotonic devices.
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8
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Anantharaman SB, Jo K, Jariwala D. Exciton-Photonics: From Fundamental Science to Applications. ACS NANO 2021; 15:12628-12654. [PMID: 34310122 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductors in all dimensionalities ranging from 0D quantum dots and molecules to 3D bulk crystals support bound electron-hole pair quasiparticles termed excitons. Over the past two decades, the emergence of a variety of low-dimensional semiconductors that support excitons combined with advances in nano-optics and photonics has burgeoned an advanced area of research that focuses on engineering, imaging, and modulating the coupling between excitons and photons, resulting in the formation of hybrid quasiparticles termed exciton-polaritons. This advanced area has the potential to bring about a paradigm shift in quantum optics, as well as classical optoelectronic devices. Here, we present a review on the coupling of light in excitonic semiconductors and previous investigations of the optical properties of these hybrid quasiparticles via both far-field and near-field imaging and spectroscopy techniques. Special emphasis is given to recent advances with critical evaluation of the bottlenecks that plague various materials toward practical device implementations including quantum light sources. Our review highlights a growing need for excitonic material development together with optical engineering and imaging techniques to harness the utility of excitons and their host materials for a variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra B Anantharaman
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Kiyoung Jo
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Deep Jariwala
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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9
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ZnO micron rods as single dielectric resonator for optical sensing. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1109:107-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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10
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Vasista AB, Barnes WL. Molecular Monolayer Strong Coupling in Dielectric Soft Microcavities. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:1766-1773. [PMID: 32069420 PMCID: PMC7581308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report strong coupling of a monolayer of J-aggregated dye molecules to the whispering gallery modes of a dielectric microsphere at room temperature. We systematically studied the evolution of strong coupling as the number of layers of dye molecules was increased and found the Rabi splitting to rise from 56 meV for a single layer to 94 meV for four layers of dye molecules. We compare our experimental results with two-dimensional (2D) numerical simulations and a simple coupled oscillator model, finding good agreement. We anticipate that these results will act as a stepping stone for integrating molecule-cavity strong coupling in a microfluidic environment since microspheres can be easily trapped and manipulated in such an environment and provide open access cavities.
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11
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Itoh T, Yamamoto YS, Okamoto T. Anti-crossing property of strong coupling system of silver nanoparticle dimers coated with thin dye molecular films analyzed by electromagnetism. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:054710. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5133875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tamitake Itoh
- Nano-Bioanalysis Research Group, Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan
| | - Yuko S. Yamamoto
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Takayuki Okamoto
- Advanced Device Laboratory, RIKEN, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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12
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Du K, Li P, Gao K, Wang H, Yang Z, Zhang W, Xiao F, Chua SJ, Mei T. Strong Coupling between Dark Plasmon and Anapole Modes. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:4699-4705. [PMID: 31364854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanocavities enable extreme light-matter interaction by pushing light down to the nanoscale. The dipolar feature of bright modes allows coupling with the external excitation from free space but results in a radiating background, whereas nonradiating dark plasmon modes can hardly be excited. Here, we report for the first time on strong coupling between dark plasmon and anapole modes in a hybrid metal-dielectric nanostructure. With the aid of vanishing dipole characteristics of the anapole and dark plasmons, the hybrid modes exhibit minimum far-field scattering and maximum near-field enhancement. The dark mode coupling in the metal-dielectric nanostructure offers a nonradiating air cavity with greatly improved field enhancement in a broadened band, thus providing a background-free experimental platform for spectroscopic applications. The proposed approach to dark plasmon excitation, i.e., via anapole, may boost practical exploitation of dark plasmons by allowing linearly polarized light illumination and scalable arrays of individual nanostructure units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Science , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710129 , China
| | - Pei Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Science , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710129 , China
| | - Kun Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Science , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710129 , China
| | - Heng Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Science , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710129 , China
| | - Zhiqiang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Science , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710129 , China
| | - Wending Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Science , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710129 , China
| | - Fajun Xiao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Science , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710129 , China
| | - Soo Jin Chua
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Science , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710129 , China
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 3 , 117583 Singapore
- LEES Program, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research & Technology (SMART) , 1 CREATE Way, #10-01 CREATE Tower , 138602 Singapore
| | - Ting Mei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Science , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710129 , China
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Verre R, Baranov DG, Munkhbat B, Cuadra J, Käll M, Shegai T. Transition metal dichalcogenide nanodisks as high-index dielectric Mie nanoresonators. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 14:679-683. [PMID: 31061517 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-019-0442-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have recently been proposed as an excitonic platform for advanced optical and electronic functionalities1-3. However, in spite of intense research efforts, it has not been widely appreciated that TMDCs also possess a high refractive index4,5. This characteristic opens up the possibility to utilize them to construct resonant nanoantennas based on subwavelength geometrical modes6,7. Here, we show that nanodisks, fabricated from exfoliated multilayer WS2, support distinct Mie resonances and anapole states8 that can be tuned in wavelength over the visible and near-infrared range by varying the nanodisk size and aspect ratio. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate a novel regime of light-matter interaction-anapole-exciton polaritons-which we realize within a single WS2 nanodisk. We argue that the TMDC material anisotropy and the presence of excitons enrich traditional nanophotonics approaches based on conventional high-index materials and/or plasmonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruggero Verre
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Denis G Baranov
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Battulga Munkhbat
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jorge Cuadra
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Timur Shegai
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Wang H, Wen J, Wang W, Xu N, Liu P, Yan J, Chen H, Deng S. Resonance Coupling in Heterostructures Composed of Silicon Nanosphere and Monolayer WS 2: A Magnetic-Dipole-Mediated Energy Transfer Process. ACS NANO 2019; 13:1739-1750. [PMID: 30629416 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b07826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Light-matter resonance coupling is a long-studied topic for both fundamental research and photonic and optoelectronic applications. Here we investigated the resonance coupling between the magnetic dipole mode of a dielectric nanosphere and 2D excitons in a monolayer semiconductor. By coating an individual silicon nanosphere with a monolayer of WS2, we theoretically demonstrated that, because of the strong energy transfer between the magnetic dipole mode of the nanosphere and the A-exciton in WS2, resonance coupling evidenced by anticrossing behavior in the scattering energy diagram was observed, with a mode splitting of 43 meV. In contrast to plexcitons, which involve plasmonic nanocavities, the resonance coupling in this all-dielectric heterostructure was insensitive to the spacing between the silicon nanosphere core and the WS2 shell. Additionally, the two split modes exhibited distinct light-scattering directionality. We further experimentally demonstrated the resonance coupling effect by depositing silicon nanospheres with different diameters onto a WS2 monolayer and collecting the scattering spectra of the resulting heterostructures under ambient conditions. We further demonstrated active control of the resonance coupling by temperature scanning. Our findings highlighted the potential of our all-dielectric heterostructure as a solid platform for studying strong light-matter interactions at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
- School of Physics , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Jinxiu Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
- School of Physics , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Weiliang Wang
- School of Physics , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Ningsheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Pu Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Jiahao Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Huanjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Shaozhi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
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15
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Hertzog M, Wang M, Mony J, Börjesson K. Strong light-matter interactions: a new direction within chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:937-961. [PMID: 30662987 PMCID: PMC6365945 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00193f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Strong light–matter coupling enables the possibility of changing the properties of molecules, without modifying their chemical structures, thus enabling a completely new way to study chemistry and explore materials.
It is possible to modify the chemical and physical properties of molecules, not only through chemical modifications but also by coupling molecules strongly to light. More intriguingly, strong coupling between molecules and light is possible even without the presence of a photon. The phenomenon that makes this possible is called vacuum fluctuations, which is the finite zero point energy of the quantized electromagnetic field inside an optical cavity. The light–matter coupling, which can be as large as 1 eV (100 kJ mol–1), leads to the formation of new hybrid states, called polaritons. The formed hybrid states can be viewed as a linear combination of light (vacuum field) and matter (molecules), thus completely changing the energy landscape of the system. Using vacuum fluctuations, strong light–matter interactions have for instance been used to change chemical reactivity, charge conductivity, excited state relaxation pathways and rates of chemical reactions of organic molecules. In this review a brief history of the field is given, followed by a theoretical framework, methods of analysis, and a review of accomplishments. Finally, a personal reflection on the future perspectives and applications within this field is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Hertzog
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Kemigården 4, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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16
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Huang Y, Yan J, Ma C, Yang G. Active tuning of the Fano resonance from a Si nanosphere dimer by the substrate effect. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2019; 4:148-157. [PMID: 32254150 DOI: 10.1039/c8nh00198g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
All-dielectric materials have aroused great interest for their unique light scattering and lower losses compared with plasmonics. Generally, optical properties made by all-dielectric materials can be passively controlled by varying the geometry, size and refractive index at the design stage. Therefore, the realization of active tuning in the field of nanophotonics is important to improve the practicality and achieve light-on-chip technology in the future. Herein, we combine the high refractive index of Si and the phase transition of VO2 to form an active tuning hybrid nanostructure with higher quality factor by depositing Si nanospheres on the VO2 layer with an Al2O3 substrate. As the temperature goes up, the refractive index of the VO2 layer switches from high to low. The scattering intensity of the magnetic dipole resonance of Si nanospheres decreases differently depending on their size, while the intensity of the electric dipole resonance remains almost unchanged. Meanwhile, Fano resonances are observed in the Si nanosphere dimers with a continuous variable Fano lineshape when adjusting the temperature. Mie theory and substrate-induced resonant magneto-electric effects are used to analyze and explain these phenomena. Tuning of the Fano resonance is attributed to the substrate effect from the interaction between Si nanospheres and phase transition of the VO2 layer with temperature. These light scattering properties of such a hybrid nanostructure make it promising for temperature sensing or as a light source at the nanometer scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingcong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, P. R. China.
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Krasnok A, Lepeshov S, Alú A. Nanophotonics with 2D transition metal dichalcogenides [Invited]. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:15972-15994. [PMID: 30114850 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.015972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have recently become attractive materials for several optoelectronic applications, such as photodetection, light harvesting, phototransistors, light-emitting diodes, and lasers. Their bandgap lies in the visible and near-IR range, and they possess strong excitonic resonances, high oscillator strengths, and valley-selective response. Coupling these materials to optical nanocavities enhances the quantum yield of exciton emission, enabling advanced quantum optics and nanophotonics devices. Here, we review the state-of-the-art advances of hybrid exciton-polariton structures based on monolayer TMDCs coupled to plasmonic and dielectric nanocavities. We discuss the optical properties of 2D WS2, WSe2, MoS2 and MoSe2 materials, paying special attention to their energy bands, photoluminescence/absorption spectra, excitonic fine structure, and to the dynamics of exciton formation and valley depolarization. We also discuss light-matter interactions in such hybrid exciton-polariton structures. Finally, we focus on weak and strong coupling regimes in monolayer TMDCs-based exciton-polariton systems, envisioning research directions and future opportunities for this material platform.
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Shao L, Zhuo X, Wang J. Advanced Plasmonic Materials for Dynamic Color Display. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1704338. [PMID: 29125645 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic structures exhibit promising applications in high-resolution and durable color generation. Research on advanced hybrid plasmonic materials that allow dynamically reconfigurable color control has developed rapidly in recent years. Some of these results may give rise to practically applicable reflective displays in living colors with high performance and low power consumption. They will attract broad interest from display markets, compared with static plasmonic color printing, for example, in applications such as digital signage, full-color electronic paper, and electronic device screens. In this progress report, the most promising recent examples of utilizing advanced plasmonic materials for the realization of dynamic color display are highlighted and put into perspective. The performances, advantages, and disadvantages of different technologies are discussed, with emphasis placed on both the potential and possible limitations of various hybrid materials for dynamic plasmonic color display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shao
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhuo
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Djorović A, Meyer M, Darby BL, Le Ru EC. Accurate Modeling of the Polarizability of Dyes for Electromagnetic Calculations. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:1804-1811. [PMID: 31457544 PMCID: PMC6640948 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The wavelength-dependent complex linear polarizability of a dye is a crucial input for the modeling of the optical properties of dye-containing systems. We here propose and discuss methods to obtain an accurate polarizability model by combining absorption spectrum measurements, Kramers-Kronig (KK) tranformations, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We focus, in particular, on the real part of the polarizability and its link with static polarizability. In addition, we introduce simple KK-consistent analytic functions based on the theory of critical points as a much more accurate approach to model dye polarizabilities compared with existing models based on Lorentz oscillators. Accurate polarizability models based on critical points and DFT calculations of the static polarizability are derived for five commonly used dyes: Rhodamine 6G, Rhodamine 700, Crystal Violet, Nile Blue A, and Methylene Blue. Finally, we demonstrate explicitly, using examples of Mie Theory calculations of nanoparticle-dye interactions, how an inaccurate polarizability model can result in fundamentally different predictions, further emphasizing the importance of accurate models, such as the one proposed here.
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