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Bowman AR, Rodríguez Echarri A, Kiani F, Iyikanat F, Tsoulos TV, Cox JD, Sundararaman R, García de Abajo FJ, Tagliabue G. Quantum-mechanical effects in photoluminescence from thin crystalline gold films. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:91. [PMID: 38637531 PMCID: PMC11026419 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01408-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Luminescence constitutes a unique source of insight into hot carrier processes in metals, including those in plasmonic nanostructures used for sensing and energy applications. However, being weak in nature, metal luminescence remains poorly understood, its microscopic origin strongly debated, and its potential for unraveling nanoscale carrier dynamics largely unexploited. Here, we reveal quantum-mechanical effects in the luminescence emanating from thin monocrystalline gold flakes. Specifically, we present experimental evidence, supported by first-principles simulations, to demonstrate its photoluminescence origin (i.e., radiative emission from electron/hole recombination) when exciting in the interband regime. Our model allows us to identify changes to the measured gold luminescence due to quantum-mechanical effects as the gold film thickness is reduced. Excitingly, such effects are observable in the luminescence signal from flakes up to 40 nm in thickness, associated with the out-of-plane discreteness of the electronic band structure near the Fermi level. We qualitatively reproduce the observations with first-principles modeling, thus establishing a unified description of luminescence in gold monocrystalline flakes and enabling its widespread application as a probe of carrier dynamics and light-matter interactions in this material. Our study paves the way for future explorations of hot carriers and charge-transfer dynamics in a multitude of material systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Bowman
- Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), STI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alvaro Rodríguez Echarri
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- MBI-Max-Born-Institut, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fatemeh Kiani
- Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), STI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fadil Iyikanat
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Ted V Tsoulos
- Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), STI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joel D Cox
- POLIMA-Center for Polariton-driven Light-Matter Interactions, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Ravishankar Sundararaman
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - F Javier García de Abajo
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giulia Tagliabue
- Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), STI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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2
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Martinez LP, Mina Villarreal MC, Zaza C, Barella M, Acuna GP, Stefani FD, Violi IL, Gargiulo J. Thermometries for Single Nanoparticles Heated with Light. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1049-1064. [PMID: 38482790 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The development of efficient nanoscale photon absorbers, such as plasmonic or high-index dielectric nanostructures, allows the remotely controlled release of heat on the nanoscale using light. These photothermal nanomaterials have found applications in various research and technological fields, ranging from materials science to biology. However, measuring the nanoscale thermal fields remains an open challenge, hindering full comprehension and control of nanoscale photothermal phenomena. Here, we review and discuss existent thermometries suitable for single nanoparticles heated under illumination. These methods are classified in four categories according to the region where they assess temperature: (1) the average temperature within a diffraction-limited volume, (2) the average temperature at the immediate vicinity of the nanoparticle surface, (3) the temperature of the nanoparticle itself, and (4) a map of the temperature around the nanoparticle with nanoscale spatial resolution. In the latter, because it is the most challenging and informative type of method, we also envisage new combinations of technologies that could be helpful in retrieving nanoscale temperature maps. Finally, we analyze and provide examples of strategies to validate the results obtained using different thermometry methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana P Martinez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, C1425FQD Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Cristina Mina Villarreal
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Av. 25 de mayo 1069, B1650HML San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Zaza
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, 17-19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom
| | - Mariano Barella
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Guillermo P Acuna
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Fernando D Stefani
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, C1425FQD Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Güiraldes 2620, C1428EHA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ianina L Violi
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Av. 25 de mayo 1069, B1650HML San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julian Gargiulo
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Av. 25 de mayo 1069, B1650HML San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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3
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Meng Q, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Chu W, Mao W, Zhang Y, Yang J, Luo Y, Dong Z, Hou JG. Local heating and Raman thermometry in a single molecule. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl1015. [PMID: 38232173 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl1015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Because of the nonequilibrium nature of thermal effects at the nanoscale, the characterization of local thermal effects within a single molecule is highly challenging. Here, we demonstrate a way to characterize the local thermal properties of a single fullerene (C60) molecule during current-induced heating processes through tip-enhanced anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy. Although the measured vibron populations are far from equilibrium with the environment, we can still define an "effective temperature (Teff)" statistically via a Bose-Einstein distribution, suggesting a local equilibrium within the molecule. With increased current heating, Teff is found to rise up to about 1150 K until the C60 cage is decomposed. Such a decomposition temperature is similar to that reported for ensemble C60 samples, thus justifying the validity of our methodology. Moreover, the possible reaction pathway and product can be identified because of the chemical sensitivity of Raman spectroscopy. Our findings provide a practical method for noninvasively detecting the local heating effect inside a single molecule under nonequilibrium conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushi Meng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Junxian Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
- School of Physics and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Weizhe Chu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wenjie Mao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
- School of Physics and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
- School of Physics and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
- School of Physics and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhenchao Dong
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
- School of Physics and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J G Hou
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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4
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Gargiulo J, Herran M, Violi IL, Sousa-Castillo A, Martinez LP, Ezendam S, Barella M, Giesler H, Grzeschik R, Schlücker S, Maier SA, Stefani FD, Cortés E. Impact of bimetallic interface design on heat generation in plasmonic Au/Pd nanostructures studied by single-particle thermometry. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3813. [PMID: 37369657 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38982-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Localized surface plasmons are lossy and generate heat. However, accurate measurement of the temperature of metallic nanoparticles under illumination remains an open challenge, creating difficulties in the interpretation of results across plasmonic applications. Particularly, there is a quest for understanding the role of temperature in plasmon-assisted catalysis. Bimetallic nanoparticles combining plasmonic with catalytic metals are raising increasing interest in artificial photosynthesis and the production of solar fuels. Here, we perform single-particle thermometry measurements to investigate the link between morphology and light-to-heat conversion of colloidal Au/Pd nanoparticles with two different configurations: core-shell and core-satellite. It is observed that the inclusion of Pd as a shell strongly reduces the photothermal response in comparison to the bare cores, while the inclusion of Pd as satellites keeps photothermal properties almost unaffected. These results contribute to a better understanding of energy conversion processes in plasmon-assisted catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Gargiulo
- Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539, München, Germany.
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1425FQD Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, B1650, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Matias Herran
- Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539, München, Germany
| | - Ianina L Violi
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, B1650, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Sousa-Castillo
- Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539, München, Germany
| | - Luciana P Martinez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1425FQD Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Simone Ezendam
- Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539, München, Germany
| | - Mariano Barella
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1425FQD Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Helene Giesler
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141, Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Roland Grzeschik
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141, Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schlücker
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141, Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Stefan A Maier
- Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539, München, Germany
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, 3800, Clayton, Australia
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Fernando D Stefani
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1425FQD Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Física, C1428, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Emiliano Cortés
- Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539, München, Germany.
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5
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Sivan Y, Un IW, Kalyan I, Lin KQ, Lupton JM, Bange S. Crossover from Nonthermal to Thermal Photoluminescence from Metals Excited by Ultrashort Light Pulses. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37289597 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Photoluminescence from metal nanostructures following intense ultrashort illumination is a fundamental aspect of light-matter interactions. Surprisingly, many of its basic characteristics are under ongoing debate. Here, we resolve many of these debates by providing a comprehensive theoretical framework that describes this phenomenon and support it by an experimental confirmation. Specifically, we identify aspects of the emission that are characteristic to either nonthermal or thermal emission, in particular, differences in the spectral and electric field dependence of these two contributions to the emission. Overall, nonthermal emission is characteristic of the early stages of light emission, while the later stages show thermal characteristics. The former dominate only for moderately high illumination intensities for which the electron temperature reached after thermalization remains close to room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Sivan
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Ieng Wai Un
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Imon Kalyan
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Kai-Qiang Lin
- Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - John M Lupton
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg, 93051 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bange
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg, 93051 Regensburg, Germany
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6
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Safiabadi Tali SA, Mudiyanselage RRHH, Qian Y, Smith NWG, Zhao Y, Morral A, Song J, Nie M, Magill BA, Khodaparast GA, Zhou W. Dual-Modal Nanoplasmonic Light Upconversion through Anti-Stokes Photoluminescence and Second-Harmonic Generation from Broadband Multiresonant Metal Nanocavities. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37154668 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanocavities can generate plasmon-enhanced light upconversion signals under ultrashort pulse excitations through anti-Stokes photoluminescence (ASPL) or nonlinear harmonic generation processes, offering various applications in bioimaging, sensing, interfacial science, nanothermometry, and integrated photonics. However, achieving broadband multiresonant enhancement of both ASPL and harmonic generation processes within the same metal nanocavities remains challenging, impeding applications based on dual-modal or wavelength-multiplexed operations. Here, we report a combined experimental and theoretical study on dual-modal plasmon-enhanced light upconversion through both ASPL and second-harmonic generation (SHG) from broadband multiresonant metal nanocavities in two-tier Ag/SiO2/Ag nanolaminate plasmonic crystals (NLPCs) that can support multiple hybridized plasmons with high spatial mode overlaps. Our measurements reveal the distinctions and correlations between the plasmon-enhanced ASPL and SHG processes under different modal and ultrashort pulsed laser excitation conditions, including incident fluence, wavelength, and polarization. To analyze the observed effects of the excitation and modal conditions on the ASPL and SHG emissions, we developed a time-domain modeling framework that simultaneously captures the mode coupling-enhancement characteristics, quantum excitation-emission transitions, and hot carrier population statistical mechanics. Notably, ASPL and SHG from the same metal nanocavities exhibit distinct plasmon-enhanced emission behaviors due to the intrinsic differences between the incoherent hot carrier-mediated ASPL sources with temporally evolving energy and spatial distributions and instantaneous SHG emitters. Mechanistic understanding of ASPL and SHG emissions from broadband multiresonant plasmonic nanocavities marks a milestone toward creating multimodal or wavelength-multiplexed upconversion nanoplasmonic devices for bioimaging, sensing, interfacial monitoring, and integrated photonics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seied Ali Safiabadi Tali
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | | | - Yizhou Qian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | | | - Yuming Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Ada Morral
- Department of Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Junyeob Song
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Meitong Nie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Brenden A Magill
- Department of Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Giti A Khodaparast
- Department of Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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7
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Cui X, Ruan Q, Zhuo X, Xia X, Hu J, Fu R, Li Y, Wang J, Xu H. Photothermal Nanomaterials: A Powerful Light-to-Heat Converter. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37133878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
All forms of energy follow the law of conservation of energy, by which they can be neither created nor destroyed. Light-to-heat conversion as a traditional yet constantly evolving means of converting light into thermal energy has been of enduring appeal to researchers and the public. With the continuous development of advanced nanotechnologies, a variety of photothermal nanomaterials have been endowed with excellent light harvesting and photothermal conversion capabilities for exploring fascinating and prospective applications. Herein we review the latest progresses on photothermal nanomaterials, with a focus on their underlying mechanisms as powerful light-to-heat converters. We present an extensive catalogue of nanostructured photothermal materials, including metallic/semiconductor structures, carbon materials, organic polymers, and two-dimensional materials. The proper material selection and rational structural design for improving the photothermal performance are then discussed. We also provide a representative overview of the latest techniques for probing photothermally generated heat at the nanoscale. We finally review the recent significant developments of photothermal applications and give a brief outlook on the current challenges and future directions of photothermal nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qifeng Ruan
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhuo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Optoelectronic Materials and Chips, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Xinyue Xia
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jingtian Hu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Runfang Fu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- School of Physics and Technology and School of Microelectronics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
- Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430205, Hubei, China
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8
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Zhao Y, Xiao C, Mejia E, Garg A, Song J, Agrawal A, Zhou W. Voltage Modulation of Nanoplasmonic Metal Luminescence from Nano-Optoelectrodes in Electrolytes. ACS NANO 2023; 17:8634-8645. [PMID: 37093562 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Metallic nanostructures supporting surface plasmon modes can concentrate optical fields and enhance luminescence processes from the metal surface at plasmonic hotspots. Such nanoplasmonic metal luminescence contributes to the spectral background in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) measurements and is helpful in bioimaging, nanothermometry and chemical reaction monitoring applications. Although there is growing interest in nanoplasmonic metal luminescence, its dependence on voltage modulation has received limited attention in research investigations. Also, the hyphenated electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-SERS) technique typically ignores voltage-dependent spectral background information associated with nanoplasmonic metal luminescence due to limited mechanistic understanding and poor measurement reproducibility. Here, we report a combined experiment and theory study on dynamic voltage-modulated nanoplasmonic metal luminescence from hotspots at the electrode-electrolyte interface using multiresonant nanolaminate nano-optoelectrode arrays. Our EC-SERS measurements under 785 nm continuous wavelength laser excitation demonstrate that short-wavenumber nanoplasmonic metal luminescence associated with plasmon-enhanced electronic Raman scattering (PE-ERS) exhibits a negative voltage modulation slope (up to ≈30% V-1) in physiological ionic solutions. Furthermore, we have developed a phenomenological model to intuitively capture the plasmonic, electronic, and ionic characteristics at the metal-electrolyte interface to understand the observed dependence of the PE-ERS voltage modulation slope on voltage polarization and ionic strength. The current work represents a critical step toward the general application of nanoplasmonic metal luminescence signals in optical voltage biosensing, hybrid optical-electrical signal transduction, and interfacial electrochemical monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Chuan Xiao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Elieser Mejia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Aditya Garg
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Junyeob Song
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Amit Agrawal
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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9
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Hayat Z, El Abed A. First Experimental Evidence of Anti-Stokes Laser-Induced Fluorescence Emission in Microdroplets and Microfluidic Systems Driven by Low Thermal Conductivity of Fluorocarbon Carrier Oil. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:765. [PMID: 37420997 DOI: 10.3390/mi14040765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of many optofluidic and droplet microfluidic applications using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), the need for a better understanding of the heating effect induced by pump laser excitation sources and good monitoring of temperature inside such confined microsystems started to emerge. We developed a broadband highly sensitive optofluidic detection system, which enabled us to show for the first time that Rhodamine-B dye molecules can exhibit standard photoluminescence as well as blue-shifted photoluminescence. We demonstrate that this phenomenon originates from the interaction between the pump laser beam and dye molecules when surrounded by the low thermal conductive fluorocarbon oil, generally used as a carrier medium in droplet microfluidics. We also show that when the temperature is increased, both Stokes and anti-Stokes fluorescence intensities remain practically constant until a temperature transition is reached, above which the fluorescence intensity starts to decrease linearly with a thermal sensitivity of about -0.4%/°C for Stokes emission or -0.2%/°C for anti-Stokes emission. For an excitation power of 3.5 mW, the temperature transition was found to be about 25 °C, whereas for a smaller excitation power (0.5 mW), the transition temperature was found to be about 36 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zain Hayat
- Laboratoire Lumière Matière et Interfaces (LUMIN), UMR 9024, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris Saclay, CentraleSupélec, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 4 Avenue des Sciences, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Abdel El Abed
- Laboratoire Lumière Matière et Interfaces (LUMIN), UMR 9024, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris Saclay, CentraleSupélec, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 4 Avenue des Sciences, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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10
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Giunta CI, Nazemi SA, Olesińska M, Shahgaldian P. Plasmonic photothermal activation of an organosilica shielded cold-adapted lipase co-immobilised with gold nanoparticles on silica particles. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 5:81-87. [PMID: 36605806 PMCID: PMC9765444 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00605g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), owing to their intrinsic plasmonic properties, are widely used in applications ranging from nanotechnology and nanomedicine to catalysis and bioimaging. Capitalising on the ability of AuNPs to generate nanoscale heat upon optical excitation, we designed a nanobiocatalyst with enhanced cryophilic properties. It consists of gold nanoparticles and enzyme molecules, co-immobilised onto a silica scaffold, and shielded within a nanometre-thin organosilica layer. To produce such a hybrid system, we developed and optimized a synthetic method allowing efficient AuNP covalent immobilisation on the surface of silica particles (SPs). Our procedure allows to reach a dense and homogeneous AuNP surface coverage. After enzyme co-immobilisation, a nanometre-thin organosilica layer was grown on the surface of the SPs. This layer was designed to fulfil the dual function of protecting the enzyme from the surrounding environment and allowing the confinement, at the nanometre scale, of the heat diffusing from the AuNPs after surface plasmon resonance photothermal activation. To establish this proof of concept, we used an industrially relevant lipase enzyme, namely Lipase B from Candida Antarctica (CalB). Herein, we demonstrate the possibility to photothermally activate the so-engineered enzymes at temperatures as low as -10 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina I Giunta
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
| | - Seyed Amirabbas Nazemi
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
| | - Magdalena Olesińska
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
| | - Patrick Shahgaldian
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute Klingelbergstrasse 82 Basel CH-4056 Switzerland
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11
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Silva JF, Maria de Oliveira J, Silva WF, Costa Soares AC, Rocha U, Oliveira Dantas N, Alves da Silva Filho E, Duzzioni M, Helmut Rulf Cofré A, Wagner de Castro O, Anhezini L, Christine Almeida Silva A, Jacinto C. Supersensitive nanothermometer based on CdSe/CdSxSe1-x magic-sized quantum dots with in vivo low toxicity. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.118153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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12
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Ouyang Y, Fadeev M, Zhang P, Carmieli R, Li J, Sohn YS, Karmi O, Nechushtai R, Pikarsky E, Fan C, Willner I. Aptamer-Modified Au Nanoparticles: Functional Nanozyme Bioreactors for Cascaded Catalysis and Catalysts for Chemodynamic Treatment of Cancer Cells. ACS NANO 2022; 16:18232-18243. [PMID: 36286233 PMCID: PMC9706657 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Polyadenine-stabilized Au nanoparticles (pA-AuNPs) reveal dual nanozyme catalytic activities toward the H2O2-mediated oxidation of dopamine to aminochrome and toward the aerobic oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid and H2O2. The conjugation of a dopamine-binding aptamer (DBA) to the pA-AuNPs yields aptananozyme structures catalyzing simultaneously the H2O2-mediated oxidation of dopamine to aminochrome through the aerobic oxidation of glucose. A set of aptananozymes consisting of DBA conjugated through the 5'- or 3'-end directly or spacer bridges to pA-AuNPs were synthesized. The set of aptananozymes revealed enhanced catalytic activities toward the H2O2-catalyzed oxidation of dopamine to dopachrome, as compared to the separated pA-AuNPs and DBA constituents, and structure-function relationships within the series of aptananozymes were demonstrated. The enhanced catalytic function of the aptananozymes was attributed to the concentration of the dopamine at the catalytic interfaces by means of aptamer-dopamine complexes. The dual catalytic activities of aptananozymes were further applied to design bioreactors catalyzing the effective aerobic oxidation of dopamine in the presence of glucose. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the aptananozymes generate reactive oxygen species. Accordingly, the AS1411 aptamer, recognizing the nucleolin receptor associated with cancer cells, was conjugated to the pA-AuNPs, yielding a nanozyme for the chemodynamic treatment of cancer cells. The AS1411 aptamer targets the aptananozyme to the cancer cells and facilitates the selective permeation of the nanozyme into the cells. Selective cytotoxicity toward MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (ca. 70% cell death) as compared to MCF-10A epithelial cells (ca. 2% cell death) is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ouyang
- The
Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University
of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Michael Fadeev
- The
Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University
of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Pu Zhang
- The
Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University
of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Raanan Carmieli
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Jiang Li
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for
Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- The
Interdisciplinary Research Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation
Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai
Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yang Sung Sohn
- Institute
of Life Science, The Hebrew University of
Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Ola Karmi
- Institute
of Life Science, The Hebrew University of
Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Rachel Nechushtai
- Institute
of Life Science, The Hebrew University of
Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Eli Pikarsky
- The Lautenberg
Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Chunhai Fan
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for
Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Itamar Willner
- The
Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University
of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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13
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Nooteboom SW, Wang Y, Dey S, Zijlstra P. Real-Time Interfacial Nanothermometry Using DNA-PAINT Microscopy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201602. [PMID: 35789234 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biofunctionalized nanoparticles are increasingly used in biomedical applications including sensing, targeted delivery, and hyperthermia. However, laser excitation and associated heating of the nanomaterials may alter the structure and interactions of the conjugated biomolecules. Currently no method exists that directly monitors the local temperature near the material's interface where the conjugated biomolecules are. Here, a nanothermometer is reported based on DNA-mediated points accumulation for imaging nanoscale topography (DNA-PAINT) microscopy. The temperature dependent kinetics of repeated and reversible DNA interactions provide a direct readout of the local interfacial temperature. The accuracy and precision of the method is demonstrated by measuring the interfacial temperature of many individual gold nanoparticles in parallel, with a precision of 1 K. In agreement with numerical models, large particle-to-particle differences in the interfacial temperature are found due to underlying differences in optical and thermal properties. In addition, the reversible DNA interactions enable the tracking of interfacial temperature in real-time with intervals of a few minutes. This method does not require prior knowledge of the optical and thermal properties of the sample, and therefore opens the window to understanding and controlling interfacial heating in a wide range of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd W Nooteboom
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Applied Physics and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Yuyang Wang
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Applied Physics and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Swayandipta Dey
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Applied Physics and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Zijlstra
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Applied Physics and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
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14
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Cheng OHC, Zhao B, Brawley Z, Son DH, Sheldon MT. Active Tuning of Plasmon Damping via Light Induced Magnetism. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:5120-5126. [PMID: 35759697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Circularly polarized optical excitation of plasmonic nanostructures causes coherent circulating motion of their electrons, which in turn gives rise to strong optically induced magnetization, a phenomenon known as the inverse Faraday effect (IFE). In this study we report how the IFE also significantly decreases plasmon damping. By modulating the optical polarization state incident on achiral plasmonic nanostructures from linear to circular, we observe reversible increases of reflectance by up to 8% and simultaneous increases of optical field concentration by 35.7% under 109 W/m2 continuous wave (CW) optical excitation. These signatures of decreased plasmon damping were also monitored in the presence of an external magnetic field (0.2 T). We rationalize the observed decreases in plasmon damping in terms of the Lorentz forces acting on the circulating electron trajectories. Our results outline strategies for actively modulating intrinsic losses in the metal via optomagnetic effects encoded in the polarization state of incident light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Hsu-Cheng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Boqin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Zachary Brawley
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Dong Hee Son
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science and Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering, Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Matthew T Sheldon
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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15
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Wilson BA, Nielsen SO, Randrianalisoa J, Qin Z. Curvature and temperature-dependent thermal interface conductance between nanoscale-gold and water. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:054703. [PMID: 35933210 PMCID: PMC9355664 DOI: 10.1063/5.0090683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
<p>Plasmonic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can convert laser irradiation into thermal energy for a variety of applications. Although heat transfer through the AuNP-water interface is considered an essential part of the plasmonic heating process, there is a lack of mechanistic understanding of how interface curvature and the heating itself impact interfacial heat transfer. Here, we report atomistic molecular dynamics simulations that investigate heat transfer through nanoscale gold-water interfaces. We simulated four nanoscale gold structures under various applied heat flux to evaluate how gold-water interface curvature and temperature affect the interfacial heat transfer. We also considered a case in which we artificially reduced wetting at the gold surfaces by tuning the gold-water interactions to determine if such a perturbation alters the curvature and temperature dependence of the gold-water interfacial heat transfer. We first confirmed that interfacial heat transfer is particularly important for small particles (diameter {less than or equal to} 10 nm). We found that the thermal interface conductance increases linearly with interface curvature regardless of the gold wettability, while it increases non-linearly with the applied heat flux under normal wetting and remains constant under reduced wetting. Our analysis suggests the curvature dependence of the interface conductance coincides with changes in interfacial water adsorption, while the temperature dependence may arise from temperature-induced shifts in the distribution of water vibrational states. Our study advances the current understanding of interface thermal conductance for a broad range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake A Wilson
- Chemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, United States of America
| | - Steven O. Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, United States of America
| | | | - Zhenpeng Qin
- Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, United States of America
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16
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Chen Z, Cai Z, Liu W, Yan Z. Optical trapping and manipulation for single-particle spectroscopy and microscopy. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:050901. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0086328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical tweezers can control the position and orientation of individual colloidal particles in solution. Such control is often desirable but challenging for single-particle spectroscopy and microscopy, especially at the nanoscale. Functional nanoparticles that are optically trapped and manipulated in a three-dimensional (3D) space can serve as freestanding nanoprobes, which provide unique prospects of sensing and mapping the surrounding environment of the nanoparticles and studying their interactions with biological systems. In this perspective, we will first describe the optical forces underlying the optical trapping and manipulation of microscopic particles, then review the combinations and applications of different spectroscopy and microscopy techniques with optical tweezers. Finally, we will discuss the challenges of performing spectroscopy and microscopy on single nanoparticles with optical tweezers, the possible routes to address these challenges, and the new opportunities that will arise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Chen
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States of America
| | - Zhewei Cai
- Clarkson University, United States of America
| | - Wenbo Liu
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States of America
| | - Zijie Yan
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States of America
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17
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Adhikari S, Orrit M. Progress and perspectives in single-molecule optical spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:160903. [PMID: 35489995 DOI: 10.1063/5.0087003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We review some of the progress of single-molecule optical experiments in the past 20 years and propose some perspectives for the coming years. We particularly focus on methodological advances in fluorescence, super-resolution, photothermal contrast, and interferometric scattering and briefly discuss a few of the applications. These advances have enabled the exploration of new emitters and quantum optics; the chemistry and biology of complex heterogeneous systems, nanoparticles, and plasmonics; and the detection and study of non-fluorescing and non-absorbing nano-objects. We conclude by proposing some ideas for future experiments. The field will move toward more and better signals of a broader variety of objects and toward a sharper view of the surprising complexity of the nanoscale world of single (bio-)molecules, nanoparticles, and their nano-environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhasis Adhikari
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Orrit
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
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18
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Tiburski C, Nugroho FAA, Langhammer C. Optical Hydrogen Nanothermometry of Plasmonic Nanoparticles under Illumination. ACS NANO 2022; 16:6233-6243. [PMID: 35343680 PMCID: PMC9047005 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The temperature of nanoparticles is a critical parameter in applications that range from biology, to sensors, to photocatalysis. Yet, accurately determining the absolute temperature of nanoparticles is intrinsically difficult because traditional temperature probes likely deliver inaccurate results due to their large thermal mass compared to the nanoparticles. Here we present a hydrogen nanothermometry method that enables a noninvasive and direct measurement of absolute Pd nanoparticle temperature via the temperature dependence of the first-order phase transformation during Pd hydride formation. We apply it to accurately measure light-absorption-induced Pd nanoparticle heating at different irradiated powers with 1 °C resolution and to unravel the impact of nanoparticle density in an array on the obtained temperature. In a wider perspective, this work reports a noninvasive method for accurate temperature measurements at the nanoscale, which we predict will find application in, for example, nano-optics, nanolithography, and plasmon-mediated catalysis to distinguish thermal from electronic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Tiburski
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ferry Anggoro Ardy Nugroho
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit
Amsterdam, De Boelelaan
1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christoph Langhammer
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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19
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Experimental characterization techniques for plasmon-assisted chemistry. Nat Rev Chem 2022; 6:259-274. [PMID: 37117871 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-022-00368-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Plasmon-assisted chemistry is the result of a complex interplay between electromagnetic near fields, heat and charge transfer on the nanoscale. The disentanglement of their roles is non-trivial. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of the chemical, structural and spectral properties of the plasmonic/molecular system being used is required. Specific techniques are needed to fully characterize optical near fields, temperature and hot carriers with spatial, energetic and/or temporal resolution. The timescales for all relevant physical and chemical processes can range from a few femtoseconds to milliseconds, which necessitates the use of time-resolved techniques for monitoring the underlying dynamics. In this Review, we focus on experimental techniques to tackle these challenges. We further outline the difficulties when going from the ensemble level to single-particle measurements. Finally, a thorough understanding of plasmon-assisted chemistry also requires a substantial joint experimental and theoretical effort.
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20
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Rodríguez-Sevilla P, Thompson SA, Jaque D. Multichannel Fluorescence Microscopy: Advantages of Going beyond a Single Emission. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Rodríguez-Sevilla
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG) Departamento de Física de Materiales Universidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 Madrid 28049 Spain
| | - Sebastian A. Thompson
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Nanoscience (IMDEA Nanociencia) C/Faraday 9 Madrid 28049 Spain
- Nanobiotechnology Unit Associated to the National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC-IMDEA) Madrid 28049 Spain
| | - Daniel Jaque
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG) Departamento de Física de Materiales Universidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 Madrid 28049 Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Ramón y Cajal Ctra. Colmenar km. 9,100 Madrid 28034 Spain
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21
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Lu JY, Chen HA, Yang CM, Chu LK. Radiative Relaxation of Gold Nanorods Coated with Mesoporous Silica with Different Porosities upon Nanosecond Photoexcitation Monitored by Time-Resolved Infrared Emission Spectroscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:60018-60026. [PMID: 34898178 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanorods (AuNRs) have been widely used in photothermal conversion, and a coating of silica (SiO2) provides higher thermal stability, better biocompatibility, and versatile chemical functionalization. In this work, two gold nanorods coated with surfactant-templated mesoporous silica layers of the same thickness but different porosities, and thus different specific surface areas, were prepared. Upon irradiation with 1064 nm nanosecond pulsed laser, the transient infrared emissions of AuNR@SiO2 enveloped the stretching mode of the Si-O-Si bridge (1000-1250 cm-1), the bending mode of adsorbed H2O (1600-1650 cm-1) within the mesoporous silica layer, and blackbody radiation, in terms of an underlying broad band (1000-2000 cm-1) probed with a step-scan Fourier transform spectrometer. The mesoporous silica shell and the adsorbed H2O gained populations of their vibrationally excited states, and the whole AuNR@SiO2 was heated up via the photothermal energy of the core AuNRs. An average temperature after 5-10 μs within 80% of the emission intensity was ca. 200 °C. The decay of the emission at 1000-1250 and 1500-1750 cm-1 was both accelerated, and the blackbody radiation components were negatively correlated with the porosity of the mesoporous silica layer. Higher porosity of the mesoporous silica layer was associated with more effective depopulation of the vibrationally excited states of the silica layers on the AuNRs via the nonradiative thermal conduction of the adsorbed H2O, since H2O has a larger thermal conduction coefficient than that of silica, in concomitance with the accelerated emission kinetics. This work unveils the roles of the porosity, capping materials, and entrapping molecules of a core-shell nanostructure during the thermalization after photoexcitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-An Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Min Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Li-Kang Chu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
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22
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Li CH, Tang YL, Takahara J, Chu SW. Nonlinear heating and scattering in a single crystalline silicon nanostructure. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:204202. [PMID: 34852492 DOI: 10.1063/5.0067251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon nanophotonics has attracted significant attention because of its unique optical properties such as efficient light confinement and low non-radiative loss. For practical applications such as all-optical switch, optical nonlinearity is a prerequisite, but the nonlinearity of silicon is intrinsically weak. Recently, we discovered a giant nonlinearity of scattering from a single silicon nanostructure by combining Mie resonance enhanced photo-thermal and thermo-optic effects. Since scattering and absorption are closely linked in Mie theory, we expect that absorption, as well as heating, of the silicon nanostructure shall exhibit similar nonlinear behaviors. In this work, we experimentally measure the temperature rise of a silicon nanoblock by in situ Raman spectroscopy, explicitly demonstrating the connection between nonlinear scattering and nonlinear heating. The results agree well with finite-element simulation based on the photo-thermo-optic effect, manifesting that the nonlinear effect is the coupled consequence of the red shift between scattering and absorption spectra. Our work not only unravels the nonlinear absorption in a silicon Mie-resonator but also offers a quantitative analytic model to better understand the complete photo-thermo-optic properties of silicon nanostructures, providing a new perspective toward practical silicon photonics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsuan Li
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lung Tang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Junichi Takahara
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shi-Wei Chu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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23
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Zairov RR, Dovzhenko AP, Sarkanich KA, Nizameev IR, Luzhetskiy AV, Sudakova SN, Podyachev SN, Burilov VA, Vatsouro IM, Vomiero A, Mustafina AR. Single Excited Dual Band Luminescent Hybrid Carbon Dots-Terbium Chelate Nanothermometer. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3080. [PMID: 34835844 PMCID: PMC8618998 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The report introduces hybrid polyelectrolyte-stabilized colloids combining blue and green-emitting building blocks, which are citrate carbon dots (CDs) and [TbL]+ chelate complexes with 1,3-diketonate derivatives of calix[4]arene. The joint incorporation of green and blue-emitting blocks into the polysodium polystyrenesulfonate (PSS) aggregates is carried out through the solvent-exchange synthetic technique. The coordinative binding between Tb3+ centers and CD surface groups in initial DMF solutions both facilitates joint incorporation of [TbL]+ complexes and the CDs into the PSS-based nanobeads and affects fluorescence properties of [TbL]+ complexes and CDs, as well as their ability for temperature sensing. The variation of the synthetic conditions is represented herein as a tool for tuning the fluorescent response of the blue and green-emitting blocks upon heating and cooling. The revealed regularities enable developing either dual-band luminescent colloids for monitoring temperature changes within 25-50 °C through double color emission or transforming the colloids into ratiometric temperature sensors via simple concentration variation of [TbL]+ and CDs in the initial DMF solution. Novel hybrid carbon dots-terbium chelate PSS-based nanoplatform opens an avenue for a new generation of sensitive and customizable single excited dual-band nanothermometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rustem R. Zairov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Str., 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (S.N.S.); (S.N.P.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Alexey P. Dovzhenko
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Str., 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (A.P.D.); (K.A.S.); (V.A.B.)
| | - Kirill A. Sarkanich
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Str., 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (A.P.D.); (K.A.S.); (V.A.B.)
| | - Irek R. Nizameev
- Department of Nanotechnologies in Electronics, Kazan National Research Technical University Named after A.N. Tupolev-KAI, 10, K. Marx Str., 420111 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Andrey V. Luzhetskiy
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas” (National Research University), Leninsky Prospect, 65, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Svetlana N. Sudakova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Str., 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (S.N.S.); (S.N.P.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Sergey N. Podyachev
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Str., 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (S.N.S.); (S.N.P.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Vladimir A. Burilov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Str., 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (A.P.D.); (K.A.S.); (V.A.B.)
| | - Ivan M. Vatsouro
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin’s Hills 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alberto Vomiero
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’ Foscari University Venezia, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia-Mestre, Italy;
- Division of Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Asiya R. Mustafina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Str., 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (S.N.S.); (S.N.P.); (A.R.M.)
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24
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Reinhardt PA, Crawford AP, West CA, DeLong G, Link S, Masiello DJ, Willets KA. Toward Quantitative Nanothermometry Using Single-Molecule Counting. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:12197-12205. [PMID: 34723520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c08348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal heating of nanoparticles has applications in nanomedicine, photocatalysis, photoelectrochemistry, and data storage, but accurate measurements of temperature at the nanoparticle surface are lacking. Here we demonstrate progress toward a super-resolution DNA nanothermometry technique capable of reporting the surface temperature on single plasmonic nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles are functionalized with double-stranded DNA, and the extent of DNA denaturation under heating conditions serves as a reporter of temperature. Fluorescently labeled DNA oligomers are used to probe the denatured DNA through transient binding interactions. By counting the number of fluorescent binding events as a function of temperature, we reconstruct DNA melting curves that reproduce trends seen for solution-phase DNA. In addition, we demonstrate our ability to control the temperature of denaturation by changing the Na+ concentration and the base pair length of the double-stranded DNA on the nanoparticle surface. This degree of control allows us to select narrow temperature windows to probe, providing quantitative measurements of temperature at nanoscale surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip A Reinhardt
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Abigail P Crawford
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Claire A West
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Gabe DeLong
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Stephan Link
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - David J Masiello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Katherine A Willets
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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25
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Gogoi H, Maddala BG, Ali F, Datta A. Role of Solvent in Electron-Phonon Relaxation Dynamics in Core-Shell Au-SiO 2 Nanoparticles. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:2201-2206. [PMID: 34402561 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Relaxation dynamics of plasmons in Au-SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles have been followed by femtosecond pump-probe technique. The effect of excitation pump energy and surrounding medium on the time constants associated with the hot electron relaxation has been elucidated. A gradual increase in the electron-phonon relaxation time with pump energy is observed and can be attributed to the higher perturbation of the electron distribution in AuNPs at higher pump energy. Variation in time constants for the electron-phonon relaxation in different solvents is rationalized on the basis of their thermal conductivities, which govern the rate of dissipation of heat of photoexcited electrons in the nanoparticles. On the other hand, phonon-phonon relaxation is found to be much less effective than electron-phonon relaxation for the dissipation of energy of the excited electron and the time constants associated with it remain unaffected by thermal conductivity of the solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemen Gogoi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Bala Gopal Maddala
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay, IITB-Monash Research Academy, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Fariyad Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Anindya Datta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
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26
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Kalaparthi V, Peng B, Peerzade SAMA, Palantavida S, Maloy B, Dokukin ME, Sokolov I. Ultrabright fluorescent nanothermometers. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:5090-5101. [PMID: 36132344 PMCID: PMC9418727 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00449b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Here we report on the first ultrabright fluorescent nanothermometers, ∼50 nm-size particles, capable of measuring temperature in 3D and down to the nanoscale. The temperature is measured through the recording of the ratio of fluorescence intensities of fluorescent dyes encapsulated inside the nanochannels of the silica matrix of each nanothermometer. The brightness of each particle excited at 488 nm is equivalent to the fluorescence coming from 150 molecules of rhodamine 6G and 1700 molecules of rhodamine B dyes. The fluorescence of both dyes is excited with a single wavelength due to the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). We demonstrate repeatable measurements of temperature with the uncertainty down to 0.4 K and a constant sensitivity of ∼1%/K in the range of 20-50 °C, which is of particular interest for biomedical applications. Due to the high fluorescence brightness, we demonstrate the possibility of measurement of accurate 3D temperature distributions in a hydrogel. The accuracy of the measurements is confirmed by numerical simulations. We further demonstrate the use of single nanothermometers to measure temperature. As an example, 5-8 nanothermometers are sufficient to measure temperature with an error of 2 K (with the measurement time of >0.7 s).
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kalaparthi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University 200 College Ave. Medford MA 02155 USA
| | - B Peng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering 4 Colby Str. Medford MA 02155 USA
| | - S A M A Peerzade
- Department of Biomedical Engineering 4 Colby Str. Medford MA 02155 USA
| | - S Palantavida
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University 200 College Ave. Medford MA 02155 USA
| | - B Maloy
- Department of Physics, Tufts University 547 Boston Ave. Medford MA 02155 USA
| | - M E Dokukin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University 200 College Ave. Medford MA 02155 USA
- Sarov Physics and Technology Institute Sarov Russian Federation
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI Moscow Russian Federation
| | - I Sokolov
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University 200 College Ave. Medford MA 02155 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering 4 Colby Str. Medford MA 02155 USA
- Department of Physics, Tufts University 547 Boston Ave. Medford MA 02155 USA
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27
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Cai YY, Tauzin LJ, Ostovar B, Lee S, Link S. Light emission from plasmonic nanostructures. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:060901. [PMID: 34391373 DOI: 10.1063/5.0053320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of light emission from metallic nanoparticles has been a subject of debate in recent years. Photoluminescence and electronic Raman scattering mechanisms have both been proposed to explain the observed emission from plasmonic nanostructures. Recent results from Stokes and anti-Stokes emission spectroscopy of single gold nanorods using continuous wave laser excitation carried out in our laboratory are summarized here. We show that varying excitation wavelength and power change the energy distribution of hot carriers and impact the emission spectral lineshape. We then examine the role of interband and intraband transitions in the emission lineshape by varying the particle size. We establish a relationship between the single particle emission quantum yield and its corresponding plasmonic resonance quality factor, which we also tune through nanorod crystallinity. Finally, based on anti-Stokes emission, we extract electron temperatures that further suggest a hot carrier based mechanism. The central role of hot carriers in our systematic study on gold nanorods as a model system supports a Purcell effect enhanced hot carrier photoluminescence mechanism. We end with a discussion on the impact of understanding the light emission mechanism on fields utilizing hot carrier distributions, such as photocatalysis and nanothermometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yu Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Lawrence J Tauzin
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Behnaz Ostovar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Stephen Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Stephan Link
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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28
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A rational design of multimodal asymmetric nanoshells as efficient tunable absorbers within the biological optical window. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15115. [PMID: 34302000 PMCID: PMC8302719 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94409-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the optical properties of asymmetric nanoshells with different geometries are comprehensively investigated in the quasi-static regime by applying the dipolar model and effective medium theory. The plasmonic behaviors of these nanostructures are explained by the plasmon hybridization model. Asymmetric hybrid nanoshells, composed of off-center core or nanorod core surrounded by a spherical metallic shell layer possess highly geometrically tunable optical resonances in the near-infrared regime. The plasmon modes of this nanostructures arise from the hybridization of the cavity and solid plasmon modes at the inner and outer surfaces of the shell. The results reveal that the symmetry breaking drastically affects the strength of hybridization between plasmon modes, which ultimately affects the absorption spectrum by altering the number of resonance modes, their wavelengths and absorption efficiencies. Therefore, offsetting the spherical core as well as changing the internal geometry of the nanoparticle to nanorod not only shift the resonance frequencies but can also strongly modify the relative magnitudes of the absorption efficiencies. Furthermore, higher order multipolar plasmon modes can appear in the spectrum of asymmetric nanoshell, especially in nanoegg configuration. The results also indicate that the strength of hybridization strongly depends on the metal of shell, material of core and the filling factor. Using Au-Ag alloy as a material of the shell can provide red-shifted narrow resonance peak in the near-infrared regime by combining the specific features of gold and silver. Moreover, inserting a high permittivity core in a nanoshell corresponds to a red-shift, while a core with small dielectric constant results in a blue-shift of spectrum. We envision that this research offers a novel perspective and provides a practical guideline in the fabrication of efficient tunable absorbers in the nanoscale regime.
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29
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Hosseini Jebeli SA, West CA, Lee SA, Goldwyn HJ, Bilchak CR, Fakhraai Z, Willets KA, Link S, Masiello DJ. Wavelength-Dependent Photothermal Imaging Probes Nanoscale Temperature Differences among Subdiffraction Coupled Plasmonic Nanorods. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:5386-5393. [PMID: 34061548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic structures confine electromagnetic energy at the nanoscale, resulting in local, inhomogeneous, controllable heating, but reading out the temperature using optical techniques poses a difficult challenge. Here, we report on the optical thermometry of individual gold nanorod trimers that exhibit multiple wavelength-dependent plasmon modes resulting in measurably different local temperature distributions. Specifically, we demonstrate how photothermal microscopy encodes different wavelength-dependent temperature profiles in the asymmetry of the photothermal image point spread function. These asymmetries are interpreted through companion numerical simulations to reveal how thermal gradients within the trimer can be controlled by exciting its hybridized plasmon modes. We also find that plasmon modes that are optically dark can be excited by focused laser beam illumination, providing another route to modify thermal profiles beyond wide-field illumination. Taken together these findings demonstrate an all-optical thermometry technique to actively create and measure nanoscale thermal gradients below the diffraction limit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire A West
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Stephen A Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Harrison J Goldwyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Connor R Bilchak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Zahra Fakhraai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Katherine A Willets
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Stephan Link
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - David J Masiello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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30
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Abstract
We provide a complete quantitative theory for light emission from Drude metals under continuous wave illumination, based on our recently derived steady-state nonequilibrium electron distribution. We show that the electronic contribution to the emission exhibits a dependence on the emission frequency which is very similar to the energy dependence of the nonequilibrium distribution, and characterize different scenarios determining the measurable emission line shape. This enables the identification of experimentally relevant situations, where the emission lineshapes deviate significantly from predictions based on the standard theory (namely, on the photonic density of states), and enables the differentiation between cases where the emission scales with the metal object surface or with its volume. We also provide an analytic description (which is absent from the literature) of the (polynomial) dependence of the metal emission on the electric field, its dependence on the pump laser frequency, and its nontrivial exponential dependence on the electron temperature, both for the Stokes and anti-Stokes regimes. Our results imply that the emission does not originate from either Fermion statistics (due to e-e interactions), and even though one could have expected the emission to follow boson statistics due to involvement of photons (as in Planck's Black Body emission), it turns out that it deviates from that form as well. Finally, we resolve the arguments associated with the effects of electron and lattice temperatures on the emission, and which of them can be extracted from the anti-Stokes emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Sivan
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er sheva, Israel 8410501
| | - Yonatan Dubi
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er sheva, Israel 8410501
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31
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Glais E, Maître A, Viana B, Chanéac C. Experimental measurement of local high temperature at the surface of gold nanorods using doped ZnGa 2O 4 as a nanothermometer. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:2862-2869. [PMID: 36134193 PMCID: PMC9418760 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00010a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Heat measurement induced by photoexcitation of a plasmonic metal nanoparticle assembly under environmental conditions is of primary importance for the further development of applications in the fields of (photo)catalysis, nanoelectronics and nanomedicine. Nevertheless, the fine control of the rise in temperature remains difficult and limits the use of this technology due to the lack of local temperature measurement tools working under environmental conditions. Luminescence nanothermometers are an alternative solution to the limitations of conventional contact thermometers since they are able to give an absolute temperature value with high spatial resolution using common optical equipment. As a proof of concept of this nanothermometry approach, a high local temperature exceeding one hundred degrees is measured on the thermalized photoexcited aggregate of gold nanorods using ZnGa2O4:Cr3+,Bi3+ nanothermometers that have a strong temperature dependence on the luminescence lifetime of chromium(iii) and high sensitivity over an extensive range of temperatures. A study on the influence of the average distance between nanosensors and nanoheaters on the measured temperature is carried out by coating the nanosensors with a silica layer of tunable thickness, highlighting the temperature gradient at the vicinity of the nanoheater as the theory predicts. The variation of the optical nanosensor response is relevant and promising, and it could be further envisioned as a potential candidate for local temperature measurement at the nanoscale since no plasmonic effect on Cr3+ lifetime is observed. The results reported here open up an even wider field of application for high temperature nanothermometry on real samples such as aggregate particles for many applications including catalysis and nanoelectronics. Thermometry using luminescent nanoprobes, which is complementary to thermal microscopy techniques, will allow in situ and in operando temperature monitoring at very small scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Glais
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, UMR 7574, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
- PSL Research University, IRCP, Chimie ParisTech, CNRS 11 rue P. et M. Curie 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Agnès Maître
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7588, Institut des Nanosciences de Paris 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - Bruno Viana
- PSL Research University, IRCP, Chimie ParisTech, CNRS 11 rue P. et M. Curie 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Corinne Chanéac
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, UMR 7574, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
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32
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Abstract
Whereas heating nanoparticles with light is straightforward, measuring the resulting nanoscale temperature increase is intricate and still a matter of active research in plasmonics, with envisioned applications in nanochemistry, biomedicine, and solar light harvesting, among others. Interestingly, this research line mostly belongs to the optics community today because light is not only used for heating but also often for probing temperature. In this Perspective, I present and discuss recent advances in the search for efficient and reliable thermometry techniques for nanoplasmonic systems by the nano-optics community. I focus on the recently proposed approach based on the spectral measurement of anti-Stokes emission from the plasmonic nanoparticles themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Baffou
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Grimm
- Molecular Pharmacology Program & Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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34
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Lalisse A, Mohtar AA, Nguyen MC, Carminati R, Plain J, Tessier G. Quantitative Temperature Measurements in Gold Nanorods Using Digital Holography. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:10313-10320. [PMID: 33599478 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Temperature characterization and quantification at the nanoscale remain core challenges in applications based on photoinduced heating of nanoparticles. Here, we propose a new approach to obtain quantitative temperature measurements on individual nanoparticles by combining modulated photothermal stimulation and heterodyne digital holography. From full-field reconstructed holograms, the temperature is determined with a precision of 0.3 K via a simple approach without requiring any calibration or fitting parameters. As an application, the dependence of temperature on the aspect ratio of gold nanoparticles is investigated. A good agreement with numerical simulation is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Lalisse
- Laboratoire de Neurophotonique CNRS UMR8250, Université Paris Descartes, 75270 Paris, France
- Light, Nanomaterials, and Nanotechnology L2n, UTT and CNRS ERL 7004, 12 rue Marie Curie - CS 42060, 10004 Troyes, France
| | - Abeer Al Mohtar
- Laboratoire de Neurophotonique CNRS UMR8250, Université Paris Descartes, 75270 Paris, France
- ESPCI Paris, PSL University, CNRS, Institut Langevin, 1 rue Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Minh Chau Nguyen
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Rémi Carminati
- ESPCI Paris, PSL University, CNRS, Institut Langevin, 1 rue Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Plain
- Light, Nanomaterials, and Nanotechnology L2n, UTT and CNRS ERL 7004, 12 rue Marie Curie - CS 42060, 10004 Troyes, France
| | - Gilles Tessier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
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35
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Barella M, Violi IL, Gargiulo J, Martinez LP, Goschin F, Guglielmotti V, Pallarola D, Schlücker S, Pilo-Pais M, Acuna GP, Maier SA, Cortés E, Stefani FD. In Situ Photothermal Response of Single Gold Nanoparticles through Hyperspectral Imaging Anti-Stokes Thermometry. ACS NANO 2021; 15:2458-2467. [PMID: 32941001 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Several fields of applications require a reliable characterization of the photothermal response and heat dissipation of nanoscopic systems, which remains a challenging task for both modeling and experimental measurements. Here, we present an implementation of anti-Stokes thermometry that enables the in situ photothermal characterization of individual nanoparticles (NPs) from a single hyperspectral photoluminescence confocal image. The method is label-free, potentially applicable to any NP with detectable anti-Stokes emission, and does not require any prior information about the NP itself or the surrounding media. With it, we first studied the photothermal response of spherical gold NPs of different sizes on glass substrates, immersed in water, and found that heat dissipation is mainly dominated by the water for NPs larger than 50 nm. Then, the role of the substrate was studied by comparing the photothermal response of 80 nm gold NPs on glass with sapphire and graphene, two materials with high thermal conductivity. For a given irradiance level, the NPs reach temperatures 18% lower on sapphire and 24% higher on graphene than on bare glass. The fact that the presence of a highly conductive material such as graphene leads to a poorer thermal dissipation demonstrates that interfacial thermal resistances play a very significant role in nanoscopic systems and emphasize the need for in situ experimental thermometry techniques. The developed method will allow addressing several open questions about the role of temperature in plasmon-assisted applications, especially ones where NPs of arbitrary shapes are present in complex matrixes and environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Barella
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, 1425, CABA Argentina
| | - Ianina L Violi
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, 1425, CABA Argentina
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, UNSAM-CONICET, Avenida 25 de Mayo 1021, San Martín, 1650, Argentina
| | - Julian Gargiulo
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80799, München, Germany
| | - Luciana P Martinez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, 1425, CABA Argentina
| | - Florian Goschin
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80799, München, Germany
| | - Victoria Guglielmotti
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, UNSAM-CONICET, Avenida 25 de Mayo 1021, San Martín, 1650, Argentina
| | - Diego Pallarola
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, UNSAM-CONICET, Avenida 25 de Mayo 1021, San Martín, 1650, Argentina
| | - Sebastian Schlücker
- Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen 45141, Germany
| | - Mauricio Pilo-Pais
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Guillermo P Acuna
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Stefan A Maier
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80799, München, Germany
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW72AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Emiliano Cortés
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80799, München, Germany
| | - Fernando D Stefani
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, 1425, CABA Argentina
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Int. Güiraldes 2620, 1428, CABA Argentina
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36
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Huang H, Lei L, Bai J, Zhang L, Song D, Zhao J, Li J, Li Y. Efficient elimination and detection of phenolic compounds in juice using laccase mimicking nanozymes. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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37
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Zhang W, Wen T, Ye L, Lin H, Gong Q, Lu G. Influence of non-equilibrium electron dynamics on photoluminescence of metallic nanostructures. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:495204. [PMID: 32990264 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abb1ee] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A microscopic model is still strongly needed to understand the intrinsic photoluminescence (iPL) of metallic nanostructures. In this paper, a phenomenological model concerning the electron dynamics at the excited states, including the electron-phonon (e-p) and electron-electron (e-e) interactions, is developed. This model shows that the dynamics of non-equilibrium electrons at the excited states influence the iPL features significantly. Two main aspects determine the iPL process of metallic nanostructures: the photonic density of states relating to the Purcell effect caused by the surface plasmon resonances, and the electrons transition factor. This model takes into account the contribution of the e-p and e-e interactions to the dynamic electron distribution. The decay process of the non-thermal electrons at the excited states helps understanding most of the iPL features of metallic nanostructures. The calculated and experimental results coincide well regarding the spectral shape, temperature-dependent anti-Stokes emission, and nonlinear behaviors, and time-resolved spectra. The results presented in this paper provide a concise, intuitive, and comprehensive understanding of the iPL of metallic nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Te Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, People's Republic of China
| | - Guowei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, People's Republic of China
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38
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Single Particle Approaches to Plasmon-Driven Catalysis. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10122377. [PMID: 33260302 PMCID: PMC7761459 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanoparticles have recently emerged as a promising platform for photocatalysis thanks to their ability to efficiently harvest and convert light into highly energetic charge carriers and heat. The catalytic properties of metallic nanoparticles, however, are typically measured in ensemble experiments. These measurements, while providing statistically significant information, often mask the intrinsic heterogeneity of the catalyst particles and their individual dynamic behavior. For this reason, single particle approaches are now emerging as a powerful tool to unveil the structure-function relationship of plasmonic nanocatalysts. In this Perspective, we highlight two such techniques based on far-field optical microscopy: surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and super-resolution fluorescence microscopy. We first discuss their working principles and then show how they are applied to the in-situ study of catalysis and photocatalysis on single plasmonic nanoparticles. To conclude, we provide our vision on how these techniques can be further applied to tackle current open questions in the field of plasmonic chemistry.
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39
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Ostovar B, Cai YY, Tauzin LJ, Lee SA, Ahmadivand A, Zhang R, Nordlander P, Link S. Increased Intraband Transitions in Smaller Gold Nanorods Enhance Light Emission. ACS NANO 2020; 14:15757-15765. [PMID: 32852941 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced light emission from plasmonic nanoparticles has attracted considerable interest within the scientific community because of its potential applications in sensing, imaging, and nanothermometry. One of the suggested mechanisms for the light emission from plasmonic nanoparticles is the plasmon-enhanced radiative recombination of hot carriers through inter- and intraband transitions. Here, we investigate the nanoparticle size dependence on the photoluminescence through a systematic analysis of gold nanorods with similar aspect ratios. Using single-particle emission and scattering spectroscopy along with correlated scanning electron microscopy and electromagnetic simulations, we calculate the emission quantum yields and Purcell enhancement factors for individual gold nanorods. Our results show strong size-dependent quantum yields in gold nanorods, with higher quantum yields for smaller gold nanorods. Furthermore, by determining the relative contributions to the photoluminescence from inter- and intraband transitions, we deduce that the observed size dependence predominantly originates from the size dependence of intraband transitions. Specifically, within the framework of Fermi's golden rule for radiative recombination of excited charge carriers, we demonstrate that the Purcell factor enhancement alone cannot explain the emission size dependence and that changes in the transition matrix elements must also occur. Those changes are due to electric field confinement enhancing intraband transitions. These results provide vital insight into the intraband relaxation in metallic nanoconfined systems and therefore are of direct importance to the rapidly developing field of plasmonic photocatalysis.
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40
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Li X, Hong J, Zhang L. Binary Gas Analyzer Based on a Single Gold Nanoparticle Photothermal Response. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:27164-27170. [PMID: 33134676 PMCID: PMC7594000 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although thermal conductivity gas analyzers are ubiquitous in industry, shrinking the sensing unit to a microscopic scale is rarely achieved. Since heat transfer between a metal nanoparticle and its ambient gas changes the temperature, refractive index, and density of the gaseous surrounding, one may tackle the problem using a single nanoparticle's photothermal effect. Upon heating by a 532 nm laser, a single gold nanoparticle transfers heat to the surrounding gas environment, which results in a change in the photothermal polarization of a 633 nm probe laser. The amplitude of the photothermal signal correlates directly with the concentration of binary gas mixture. In He/Ar, He/N2, He/air, and H2/Ar binary gas mixtures, the signal is linearly proportional to the He and H2 molar concentrations up to about 10%. The photothermal response comes from the microscopic gaseous environment of a single gold nanoparticle, extending from the nanoparticle roughly to the length of the gas molecule's mean free path. This study points to a way of sensing binary gas composition in a microscopic volume using a single metal nanoparticle.
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41
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Mohammed LJ, Omer KM. Carbon Dots as New Generation Materials for Nanothermometer: Review. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:182. [PMID: 32960340 PMCID: PMC7509034 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03413-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Highly sensitive non-contact mode temperature sensing is substantial for studying fundamental chemical reactions, biological processes, and applications in medical diagnostics. Nanoscale-based thermometers are guaranteeing non-invasive probes for sensitive and precise temperature sensing with subcellular resolution. Fluorescence-based temperature sensors have shown great capacity since they operate as "non-contact" mode and offer the dual functions of cellular imaging and sensing the temperature at the molecular level. Advancements in nanomaterials and nanotechnology have led to the development of novel sensors, such as nanothermometers (novel temperature-sensing materials with a high spatial resolution at the nanoscale). Such nanothermometers have been developed using different platforms such as fluorescent proteins, organic compounds, metal nanoparticles, rare-earth-doped nanoparticles, and semiconductor quantum dots. Carbon dots (CDs) have attracted interest in many research fields because of outstanding properties such as strong fluorescence, photobleaching resistance, chemical stability, low-cost precursors, low toxicity, and biocompatibility. Recent reports showed the thermal-sensing behavior of some CDs that make them an alternative to other nanomaterials-based thermometers. This kind of luminescent-based thermometer is promising for nanocavity temperature sensing and thermal mapping to grasp a better understanding of biological processes. With CDs still in its early stages as nanoscale-based material for thermal sensing, in this review, we provide a comprehensive understanding of this novel nanothermometer, methods of functionalization to enhance thermal sensitivity and resolution, and mechanism of the thermal sensing behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lazo Jazaa Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qliasan Street, Sulaimani City, Kurdistan Region, 46002,, Iraq
| | - Khalid M Omer
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qliasan Street, Sulaimani City, Kurdistan Region, 46002,, Iraq.
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42
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Jollans T, Caldarola M, Sivan Y, Orrit M. Effective Electron Temperature Measurement Using Time-Resolved Anti-Stokes Photoluminescence. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:6968-6976. [PMID: 32787000 PMCID: PMC7457233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c06671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Anti-Stokes photoluminescence of metal nanoparticles, in which emitted photons have a higher energy than the incident photons, is an indicator of the temperature prevalent within a nanoparticle. Previous work has shown how to extract the temperature from a gold nanoparticle under continuous-wave monochromatic illumination. We extend the technique to pulsed illumination and introduce pump-probe anti-Stokes spectroscopy. This new technique enables us not only to measure an effective electron temperature in a gold nanoparticle (∼103 K under our conditions), but also to measure ultrafast dynamics of a pulse-excited electron population, through its effect on the photoluminescence, with subpicosecond time resolution. We measure the heating and cooling, all within picoseconds, of the electrons and find that, with our subpicosecond pulses, the highest apparent temperature is reached 0.6 ps before the maximum change in magnitude of the extinction signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jollans
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martín Caldarola
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Department of Quantum Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
- Kavli
Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Department of Bionanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yonatan Sivan
- School
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Michel Orrit
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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43
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Cui L, Zhu Y, Abbasi M, Ahmadivand A, Gerislioglu B, Nordlander P, Natelson D. Electrically Driven Hot-Carrier Generation and Above-Threshold Light Emission in Plasmonic Tunnel Junctions. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:6067-6075. [PMID: 32568541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Above-threshold light emission from plasmonic tunnel junctions, when emitted photons have energies significantly higher than the energy scale of incident electrons, has attracted much recent interest in nano-optics, while the underlying physics remains elusive. We examine above-threshold light emission in electromigrated tunnel junctions. Our measurements over a large ensemble of devices demonstrate a giant (∼104) material-dependent photon yield (emitted photons per incident electrons). This dramatic effect cannot be explained only by the radiative field enhancement due to localized plasmons in the tunneling gap. Emission is well described by a Boltzmann spectrum with an effective temperature exceeding 2000 K, coupled to a plasmon-modified photonic density of states. The effective temperature is approximately linear in the applied bias, consistent with a suggested theoretical model describing hot-carrier dynamics driven by nonradiative decay of electrically excited localized plasmons. Electrically generated hot carriers and nontraditional light emission could open avenues for active photochemistry, optoelectronics, and quantum optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longji Cui
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Yunxuan Zhu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Mahdiyeh Abbasi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Arash Ahmadivand
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Burak Gerislioglu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Peter Nordlander
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Douglas Natelson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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44
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Salassi S, Cardellini A, Asinari P, Ferrando R, Rossi G. Water dynamics affects thermal transport at the surface of hydrophobic and hydrophilic irradiated nanoparticles. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:3181-3190. [PMID: 36134276 PMCID: PMC9419265 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00094a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanoparticles, such as Au nanoparticles (NPs) coated with bio-compatible ligands, are largely studied and tested in nanomedicine for photothermal therapies. Nevertheless, no clear physical interpretation is currently available to explain thermal transport at the nanoparticle surface, where a solid-liquid (core-ligand) interface is coupled to a liquid-liquid (ligand-solvent) interface. This lack of understanding makes it difficult to control the temperature increase imposed by the irradiated NPs to the surrounding biological environment, and it has so far hindered the rational design of the NP surface chemistry. Here, atomistic molecular dynamics simulations are used to show that thermal transport at the nanoparticle surface depends dramatically on solvent diffusivity at the ligand-solvent interface. Furthermore, using physical indicators of water confinement around hydrophobic and hydrophilic ligands, a predictive model is developed to allow the engineering of NP coatings with the desired thermal conductivities at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Salassi
- Physics Department, University of Genoa via Dodecaneso 33 16146 Genoa Italy
| | - Annalisa Cardellini
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy
| | - Pietro Asinari
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy
| | - Riccardo Ferrando
- Physics Department, University of Genoa via Dodecaneso 33 16146 Genoa Italy
| | - Giulia Rossi
- Physics Department, University of Genoa via Dodecaneso 33 16146 Genoa Italy
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45
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Zhao H, Vomiero A, Rosei F. Tailoring the Heterostructure of Colloidal Quantum Dots for Ratiometric Optical Nanothermometry. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2000804. [PMID: 32468691 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202000804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are a fascinating class of semiconducting nanocrystals, thanks to their optical properties tunable through size and composition, and simple synthesis methods. Recently, colloidal double-emission QDs have been successfully applied as competitive optical temperature sensors, since they exhibit structure-tunable double emission, temperature-dependent photoluminescence, high quantum yield, and excellent photostability. Until now, QDs have been used as nanothermometers for in vivo biological thermal imaging, and thermal mapping in complex environments at the sub-microscale to nanoscale range. In this Review, recent progress for QD-based nanothermometers is highlighted and perspectives for future work are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiguang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- College of Physics, University-Industry Joint Center for Ocean Observation and Broadband Communication, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Alberto Vomiero
- Division of Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, 971 87, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Science and Nano Systems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30172, Italy
| | - Federico Rosei
- Centre for Energy, Materials and Telecommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université du Québec, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, J3X1S2, Canada
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46
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Holub M, Adobes-Vidal M, Frutiger A, Gschwend PM, Pratsinis SE, Momotenko D. Single-Nanoparticle Thermometry with a Nanopipette. ACS NANO 2020; 14:7358-7369. [PMID: 32426962 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c02798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Thermal measurements at the nanoscale are key for designing technologies in many areas, including drug delivery systems, photothermal therapies, and nanoscale motion devices. Herein, we present a nanothermometry technique that operates in electrolyte solutions and, therefore, is applicable for many in vitro measurements, capable of measuring and mapping temperature with nanoscale spatial resolution and sensitive to detect temperature changes down to 30 mK with 43 μs temporal resolution. The methodology is based on local measurements of ionic conductivity confined at the tip of a pulled glass capillary, a nanopipettete, with opening diameters as small as 6 nm. When scanned above a specimen, the measured ion flux is converted into temperature using an extensive theoretical support given by numerical and analytical modeling. This allows quantitative thermal measurements with a variety of capillary dimensions and is applicable to a range of substrates. We demonstrate the capabilities of this nanothermometry technique by simultaneous mapping of temperature and topography on sub-micrometer-sized aggregates of thermoplasmonic nanoparticles heated by a laser and observe the formation of micro- and nanobubbles upon plasmonic heating. Furthermore, we perform quantitative thermometry on a single-nanoparticle level, demonstrating that the temperature at an individual nanoheater of 25 nm in diameter can reach an increase of about 3 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Holub
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Maria Adobes-Vidal
- Wood Materials Science Group, Institute for Building Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Frutiger
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Pascal M Gschwend
- Particle Technology Laboratory, Institute of Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Sotiris E Pratsinis
- Particle Technology Laboratory, Institute of Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry Momotenko
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
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47
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Chen Y, Tran TN, Duong NMH, Li C, Toth M, Bradac C, Aharonovich I, Solntsev A, Tran TT. Optical Thermometry with Quantum Emitters in Hexagonal Boron Nitride. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:25464-25470. [PMID: 32394697 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale optical thermometry is a promising noncontact route for measuring local temperature with both high sensitivity and spatial resolution. In this work, we present a deterministic optical thermometry technique based on quantum emitters in nanoscale hexagonal boron nitride. We show that these nanothermometers show better performance than homologous, all-optical nanothermometers in both sensitivity and the range of working temperature. We demonstrate their effectiveness as nanothermometers by monitoring the local temperature at specific locations in a variety of custom-built microcircuits. This work opens new avenues for nanoscale temperature measurements and heat flow studies in miniaturized, integrated devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Chen
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Thinh Ngoc Tran
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Ngoc My Hanh Duong
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Chi Li
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Milos Toth
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- ARC Center of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Carlo Bradac
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Igor Aharonovich
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- ARC Center of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Alexander Solntsev
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Toan Trong Tran
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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48
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Hua W, Mao Y, Zhang J, Liu L, Zhang G, Yang S, Boyer D, Zhou C, Zheng F, Sun S, Lin S. Renal Clearable Gold Nanoparticle-Functionalized Silk Film for in vivo Fluorescent Temperature Mapping. Front Chem 2020; 8:364. [PMID: 32500055 PMCID: PMC7243850 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Implantable optical sensing devices that can continuously monitor physiological temperature changes hold great potential toward applications in healthcare and medical field. Here, we present a conceptual foundation for the design of biocompatible temperature sensing device by integrating renal clearable luminescent gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with silk film (AuNPs-SF). We found that the AuNPs display strong temperature dependence in both near-IR fluorescence intensity and lifetime over a large temperature range (10-60°C), with a fluorescence intensity sensitivity of 1.72%/°C and lifetime sensitivity of 0.09 μs/°C. When integrated, the AuNPs with biocompatible silk film are implanted in the dorsal region of mice. The fluorescence imaging of the AuNPs-SF in the body shows a linear relationship between the average fluorescence intensity and temperature. More importantly, <3.68% ID gold are left in the body, and no adverse effect is observed for 8 weeks. This AuNPs-SF can be potentially used as a flexible, biocompatible, and implantable sensing device for in vivo temperature mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hua
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yusheng Mao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lang Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Guolin Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shengyang Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Daniel Boyer
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, United States
| | - Chen Zhou
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, United States
| | - Fenfen Zheng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shasha Sun
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shengling Lin
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
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49
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Dubi Y, Un IW, Sivan Y. Thermal effects - an alternative mechanism for plasmon-assisted photocatalysis. Chem Sci 2020; 11:5017-5027. [PMID: 34122958 PMCID: PMC8159236 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc06480j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent experiments claimed that the catalysis of reaction rates in numerous bond-dissociation reactions occurs via the decrease of activation barriers driven by non-equilibrium ("hot") electrons in illuminated plasmonic metal nanoparticles. Thus, these experiments identify plasmon-assisted photocatalysis as a promising path for enhancing the efficiency of various chemical reactions. Here, we argue that what appears to be photocatalysis is much more likely thermo-catalysis, driven by the well-known plasmon-enhanced ability of illuminated metallic nanoparticles to serve as heat sources. Specifically, we point to some of the most important papers in the field, and show that a simple theory of illumination-induced heating can explain the extracted experimental data to remarkable agreement, with minimal to no fit parameters. We further show that any small temperature difference between the photocatalysis experiment and a control experiment performed under external heating is effectively amplified by the exponential sensitivity of the reaction, and is very likely to be interpreted incorrectly as "hot" electron effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Dubi
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University Israel
- Ilse Katz Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University Israel
| | - Ieng Wai Un
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Israel
- Joan and Irwin Jacobs TIX Institute, National Tsing Hua University Taiwan
| | - Yonatan Sivan
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Israel
- Ilse Katz Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University Israel
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50
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Liu X, Liu J, Zhou H, Yan M, Liu C, Guo X, Xie J, Li S, Yang G. Ratiometric dual fluorescence tridurylboron thermometers with tunable measurement ranges and colors. Talanta 2020; 210:120630. [PMID: 31987160 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Noncontact ratiometric fluorescent thermometers have received great interests in recent years. Besides being a sensitive and easily observable detection signal, the ratiometric dual fluorescence are also highly accurate and resistable to interference. However, organic molecular thermometers with such fluorescence property are very rare, and their measurement ranges and colors are limited. In this work, a series of ratiometric dual fluorescent tridurylboron thermometers, with tunable measurement ranges and colors, are designed and synthesized. The measurement ranges of the thermometers are -20 °C-40 °C, -10 °C-50 °C and -25 °C-30 °C in solid polymeric systems, and -50 °C-100 °C and -30 °C-110 °C in liquid organic solvent. With decreasing temperature, the fluorescence colors of tridurylboron-MOE thermometers are from green yellow to yellow red, green to green yellow, blue to green. This study provides a novel strategy for developing tunable ratiometric dual fluoresence organic molecular thermometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, PR China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging & Department of Chemistry, School of Preclinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, PR China
| | - Hu Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, PR China
| | - Manling Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, PR China
| | - Canjun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, PR China
| | - Xudong Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
| | - Jiao Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, PR China
| | - Shayu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China.
| | - Guoqiang Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China.
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