1
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Bhatt M, Nayak PK, Ghosh D. Data-Driven Design of Electroactive Spacer Molecules to Tune Charge Carrier Dynamics in Layered Halide Perovskite Heterostructures. ACS NANO 2024; 18:24484-24494. [PMID: 39172126 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c08208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Crafting rational heterojunctions with nanostructured materials is instrumental in fostering effective interfacial charge separation and transport for optoelectronics. Layered halide perovskites (LHPs) that form heterojunctions between organic spacer molecules and inorganic metal halide layers exhibit tunable photophysics owing to their customizable band alignment. However, controlling photogenerated carrier dynamics by strategically designing layered perovskite heterojunctions remains largely unexplored. We combine a data-driven approach with time-domain density functional theory (TD-DFT) and non-adiabatic molecular dynamics (NAMD) to screen and select electronically active spacer dications (A') that introduce a type-II heterojunction in the lead iodide-based Dion-Jacobson phase LHPs. The composition-structure-electronic property correlations reveal that the number of nitrogens in aromatic heterocycles is the key factor in designing electron-accepting spacers in these perovskites. The detailed atomistic simulations validate the design strategy further by modeling (A')PbI4 perovskites, which incorporate three different screened electroactive A' spacers. The computed excited charge carrier dynamics illustrate the phonon-mediated ultrafast interfacial electron transfer from the inorganic conduction band edge to the lower-lying unoccupied orbitals of spacers, exhibiting photoluminescence quenching in these (A')PbI4 perovskites. The spatially separated electrons and holes at the type-II heterojunction interface prolong the excited charge carrier lifetime, boosting the carrier transport and exciton dynamics. Our work illustrates a robust in silico approach for designing LHPs with exciting optoelectronic properties originating from their fine-tuned heterojunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monal Bhatt
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Pabitra Kumar Nayak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Dibyajyoti Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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2
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Forde A, Evans AC, Nie W, Tretiak S, Neukirch AJ. Influence of Material Properties on Surface Chemistry Induced Circular Dichroism in Halide Perovskite: Computational Insights. NANO LETTERS 2024. [PMID: 39018419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
The chirality transfer phenomenon is attractive for enhancing the optical functionality of nanomaterials by inducing sensitivity to the circular polarization states of photons. An underexplored aspect is how material properties of the achiral semiconductor impact the induced chiroptical signatures. Here we apply atomistic time-dependent density functional theory simulations to investigate the material properties that influence the chiroptical signatures of a lead halide perovskite nanocrystal with a chiral molecule bound to the surface. First, we find that both lattice disorder created by surface strain and halide substitution can increase the chiroptical response of the perovskite quantum dots by an order of magnitude. Both phenomena are attributed to a broadening of the density of the electronically excited states. Second, the intensity of the anisotropy spectra decreases with increasing dot size with a power law decay. Overall, these insights can be used to help guide experimental realization of highly resolvable polarized optical features in semiconducting nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Forde
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Amanda C Evans
- Functional Flow Solutions, LLC, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87110, United States
| | - Wanyi Nie
- Department of Physics, SUNY University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Amanda J Neukirch
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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3
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Oddo AM, Gao M, Weinberg D, Jin J, Folgueras MC, Song C, Ophus C, Mani T, Rabani E, Yang P. Energy Funneling in a Noninteger Two-Dimensional Perovskite. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11469-11476. [PMID: 38060980 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Energy funneling is a phenomenon that has been exploited in optoelectronic devices based on low-dimensional materials to improve their performance. Here, we introduce a new class of two-dimensional semiconductor, characterized by multiple regions of varying thickness in a single confined nanostructure with homogeneous composition. This "noninteger 2D semiconductor" was prepared via the structural transformation of two-octahedron-layer-thick (n = 2) 2D cesium lead bromide perovskite nanosheets; it consisted of a central n = 2 region surrounded by edge-lying n = 3 regions, as imaged by electron microscopy. Thicker noninteger 2D CsPbBr3 nanostructures were obtained as well. These noninteger 2D perovskites formed a laterally coupled quantum well band alignment with virtually no strain at the interface and no dielectric barrier, across which unprecedented intramaterial funneling of the photoexcitation energy was observed from the thin to the thick regions using time-resolved absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Oddo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Mengyu Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Daniel Weinberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jianbo Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Maria C Folgueras
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Chengyu Song
- National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Colin Ophus
- National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Tomoyasu Mani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Eran Rabani
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center of Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Peidong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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4
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Forde A, Tretiak S, Neukirch AJ. Dielectric Screening and Charge-Transfer in 2D Lead-Halide Perovskites for Reduced Exciton Binding Energies. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11586-11592. [PMID: 38065566 PMCID: PMC10755747 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Layered lead-halide perovskites have shown tremendous success as an active material for optoelectronics. This is attributed to the electronic structure of the inorganic sublattice and large exciton binding energies due to quantum and dielectric confinement. Expanding functionalities for applications that depend on free-carrier generation requires new material design routes to decrease the binding energy. Here we use electronic structure methods with model Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) to examine the contributions of the dielectric screening and charge-transfer excited-states to the exciton binding energy of phenylethylammonium (PEA2PbBr4) and naphthlethylammonium (NEA2PbBr4) lead-bromide perovskites. Our model BSE calculations show that NEA introduces hole acceptor states which impose charge-transfer character on the exciton along with larger dielectric screening. This substantially decreases the exciton binding compared to PEA. This result suggests the use of organic cations with high dielectric screening and hole acceptor states as a viable strategy for reducing exciton binding energies in two-dimensional halide perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Forde
- Theoretical
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center
for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National
Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center
for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos
National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Amanda J. Neukirch
- Theoretical
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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5
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Marjit K, Francis AG, Pati SK, Patra A. Impacts of Exciton Binding Energy and Dielectric Confinement of Layered Lead Halide Perovskites on Carrier Relaxation and Exciton Phonon Interactions. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:10900-10909. [PMID: 38033173 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
This work highlights the significance of dielectric confinements and exciton binding energy of hybrid layered perovskites (LPs) in controlling the carrier relaxation dynamics of LPs for designing efficient optoelectronic devices. The polarizability of organic spacer cations in LPs modulates the carrier-phonon and carrier-carrier interactions, which eventually control the carrier relaxation dynamics. Here, we have varied the alkyl-ammonium chain length in the LPs to change the dielectric confinement, and the first-principles calculations reveal that the long-chain organic spacer experiences stronger dielectric confinement in comparison to short-chain organic spacer cation-based LPs. Transient absorption spectroscopic analysis suggests that the larger dielectric confinement and higher exciton binding energy exhibit faster carrier relaxation dynamics. The enhanced exciton-phonon interaction leads to faster carrier relaxation dynamics. The much softer phonon modes are responsible for the higher up-conversion of acoustic modes to optical modes, which leads to slower carrier relaxation dynamics in n-butylamine (BA) based LPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritiman Marjit
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Anita Gemmy Francis
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Swapan K Pati
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Amitava Patra
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Mohali 140306, India
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6
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Nussbaum S, Socie E, Fish GC, Diercks NJ, Hempel H, Friedrich D, Moser JE, Yum JH, Sivula K. Photogenerated charge transfer in Dion-Jacobson type layered perovskite based on naphthalene diimide. Chem Sci 2023; 14:6052-6058. [PMID: 37293640 PMCID: PMC10246667 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00783a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Incorporating organic semiconducting spacer cations into layered lead halide perovskite structures provides a powerful approach to mitigate the typical strong dielectric and quantum confinement effects by inducing charge-transfer between the organic and inorganic layers. Herein we report the synthesis and characterization of thin films of novel DJ-phase organic-inorganic layered perovskite semiconductors using a naphthalene diimide (NDI) based divalent spacer cation, which is shown to accept photogenerated electrons from the inorganic layer. With alkyl chain lengths of 6 carbons, an NDI-based thin film exhibited electron mobility (based on space charge-limited current for quasi-layered 〈n〉 = 5 material) was found to be as high as 0.03 cm2 V-1 s-1 with no observable trap-filling region suggesting trap passivation by the NDI spacer cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Nussbaum
- Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Optoelectronic Nanomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Etienne Socie
- Photochemical Dynamics Group, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - George C Fish
- Photochemical Dynamics Group, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Nicolas J Diercks
- Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Optoelectronic Nanomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Hannes Hempel
- Department of Structure and Dynamics of Energy Materials, Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1 140109 Berlin Germany
| | - Dennis Friedrich
- Institute for Solar Fuels, Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1 140109 Berlin Germany
| | - Jacques-E Moser
- Photochemical Dynamics Group, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jun-Ho Yum
- Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Optoelectronic Nanomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Kevin Sivula
- Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Optoelectronic Nanomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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7
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Mahal E, Mandal SC, Roy D, Pathak B. Energy level alignments between organic and inorganic layers in 2D layered perovskites: conjugation vs. substituent. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:7962-7970. [PMID: 37067050 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01105d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
2D layered hybrid perovskites have attracted huge attention due to their interesting optoelectronic properties and chemical flexibility. Depending upon their electronic structures and properties, these materials can be utilised in various optoelectronic devices like photovoltaics, LEDs and so on. In this context, study of the excited energy levels of the organic spacers can help us to align the excited energy levels of the organic unit with the excitonic level of the inorganic unit according to the requirement of a particular optoelectronic device. We have explored the role of 3-phenyl-2-propenammonium on the electronic structure of a perovskite containing this cation as a spacer. Our results clearly demonstrate the active participation of conjugated ammonium spacers in the electronic structure of a perovskite. Also, we have considered a variety of amines to identify the best alignment with common inorganic units and studied the role of substituents and conjugation on the energy level alignment. Placing the triplet excited level of an organic spacer below the lowest excitonic level of the inorganic unit can induce energy transfer from the inorganic to organic unit, finally resulting in phosphorescence emission. We have shown that the triplet energy level of 3-anthracene-2-propeneamine/3-pyrene-2-propeneamine can be tuned in such a way that there can be an excitonic energy transfer from the Pb2I7/PbI4 inorganic unit-based perovskites. Therefore, perovskite material with such combinations of organic spacer cations will be very useful for light emission applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eti Mahal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India.
| | - Shyama Charan Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India.
| | - Diptendu Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India.
| | - Biswarup Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India.
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8
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Stanton R, Trivedi DJ. Atomistic Description of the Impact of Spacer Selection on Two-Dimensional (2D) Perovskites: A Case Study of 2D Ruddlesden-Popper CsPbI 3 Analogues. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:12090-12098. [PMID: 36546657 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic CsPbI3 perovskites have become desirable for use in photovoltaic devices due to their excellent optoelectronic properties and increased resilience to thermal degradation compared to organic-inorganic perovskites. An effective strategy for improving both the performance and the phase stability of CsPbI3-based perovskites is through introducing a diverse set of spacing cations separating inorganic layers in their two-dimensional (2D) analogues. In this work, CsPbI3-based 2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites were investigated using three aromatic spacers, 2-thiophenemethylamine (ThMA), 2-thiopheneformamidine (ThFA), and benzylammonium, fluorinated through para substitution (pFBA). Our findings highlight the importance of the local bonding environment between organic spacers and the PbI6 octahedra. Additionally, we demonstrated the importance of energetic alignment between electronic states on spacing cations and inorganic layers for optoelectronic applications. Furthermore, thermoelectric performance was investigated revealing a preference for p-type ThFA and n-type ThMA and pFBA configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Stanton
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
| | - Dhara J Trivedi
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
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9
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Lao Y, Yang S, Yu W, Guo H, Zou Y, Chen Z, Xiao L. Multifunctional π-Conjugated Additives for Halide Perovskite. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105307. [PMID: 35315240 PMCID: PMC9189639 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Additive is a conventional way to enhance halide perovskite active layer performance in multiaspects. Among them, π-conjugated molecules have significantly special influence on halide perovskite due to the superior electrical conductivity, rigidity property, and good planarity of π-electrons. In particular, π-conjugated additives usually have stronger interaction with halide perovskites. Therefore, they help with higher charge mobility and longer device lifetime compared with alkyl-based molecules. In this review, the detailed effect of conjugated molecules is discussed in the following parts: defect passivation, lattice orientation guidance, crystallization assistance, energy level rearrangement, and stability improvement. Meanwhile, the roles of conjugated ligands played in low-dimensional perovskite devices are summarized. This review gives an in-depth discussion about how conjugated molecules interact with halide perovskites, which may help understand the improved performance mechanism of perovskite device with π-conjugated additives. It is expected that π-conjugated organic additives for halide perovskites can provide unprecedented opportunities for the future improvement of perovskite devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Lao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871P. R. China
| | - Shuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871P. R. China
| | - Wenjin Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871P. R. China
| | - Haoqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871P. R. China
| | - Yu Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871P. R. China
| | - Zhijian Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871P. R. China
| | - Lixin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871P. R. China
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10
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Vasileiadou ES, Jiang X, Kepenekian M, Even J, De Siena MC, Klepov VV, Friedrich D, Spanopoulos I, Tu Q, Tajuddin IS, Weiss EA, Kanatzidis MG. Thick-Layer Lead Iodide Perovskites with Bifunctional Organic Spacers Allylammonium and Iodopropylammonium Exhibiting Trap-State Emission. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:6390-6409. [PMID: 35378979 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The nature of the organic cation in two-dimensional (2D) hybrid lead iodide perovskites tailors the structural and technological features of the resultant material. Herein, we present three new homologous series of (100) lead iodide perovskites with the organic cations allylammonium (AA) containing an unsaturated C═C group and iodopropylammonium (IdPA) containing iodine on the organic chain: (AA)2MAn-1PbnI3n+1 (n = 3-4), [(AA)x(IdPA)1-x]2MAn-1PbnI3n+1 (n = 1-4), and (IdPA)2MAn-1PbnI3n+1 (n = 1-4), as well as their perovskite-related substructures. We report the in situ transformation of AA organic layers into IdPA and the incorporation of these cations simultaneously into the 2D perovskite structure. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction shows that (AA)2MA2Pb3I10 crystallizes in the space group P21/c with a unique inorganic layer offset (0, <1/2), comprising the first example of n = 3 halide perovskite with a monoammonium cation that deviates from the Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) halide structure type. (IdPA)2MA2Pb3I10 and the alloyed [(AA)x(IdPA)1-x]2MA2Pb3I10 crystallize in the RP structure, both in space group P21/c. The adjacent I···I interlayer distance in (AA)2MA2Pb3I10 is ∼5.6 Å, drawing the [Pb3I10]4- layers closer together among all reported n = 3 RP lead iodides. (AA)2MA2Pb3I10 presents band-edge absorption and photoluminescence (PL) emission at around 2.0 eV that is slightly red-shifted in comparison to (IdPA)2MA2Pb3I10. The band structure calculations suggest that both (AA)2MA2Pb3I10 and (IdPA)2MA2Pb3I10 have in-plane effective masses around 0.04m0 and 0.08m0, respectively. IdPA cations have a greater dielectric contribution than AA. The excited-state dynamics investigated by transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy reveal a long-lived (∼100 ps) trap state ensemble with broad-band emission; our evidence suggests that these states appear due to lattice distortions induced by the incorporation of IdPA cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia S Vasileiadou
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | | | - Jacky Even
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON, UMR 6082, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Michael C De Siena
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Vladislav V Klepov
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Daniel Friedrich
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Ioannis Spanopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Qing Tu
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, United States
| | - Imra S Tajuddin
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Emily A Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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11
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Lee QY, Chou CJ, Lee MX, Lee YC. Detecting the Knowledge Domains of Compound Semiconductors. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13030476. [PMID: 35334767 PMCID: PMC8954707 DOI: 10.3390/mi13030476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The development of compound semiconductors (CS) has received extensive attention worldwide. This study aimed to detect and visualize CS knowledge domains for quantifying CS research patterns and emerging trends through a scientometric review based on the literature between 2011 and 2020 by using CiteSpace. The combined dataset of 24,622 bibliographic records were collected through topic searches and citation expansion to ensure adequate coverage of the field. While research in “solar cell” and “perovskite tandem” appears to be the two most distinctive knowledge domains in the CS field, research related to thermoelectric materials has grown at a respectable pace. Most notably, the deep connections between “thermoelectric material” and “III-Sb nanowire (NW)” research have been demonstrated. A rapid adaptation of black phosphorus (BP) field-effect transistors (FETs) and gallium nitride (GaN) transistors in the CS field is also apparent. Innovative strategies have focused on the opto-electronics with engineered functionalities, the design, synthesis and fabrication of perovskite tandem solar cells, the growing techniques of Sb-based III–V NWs, and the thermal conductivity of boron arsenide (BAs). This study revealed how the development trends and research areas in the CS field advance over time, which greatly help us to realize its knowledge domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Yo Lee
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan;
| | - Chiyang James Chou
- Master Program in Entrepreneurial Management, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, No. 123, University Rd., Section 3, Douliou, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-920181812
| | - Ming-Xuan Lee
- Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Chun Lee
- Institute of Management of Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan;
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12
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Zhang T, Zhou C, Feng X, Dong N, Chen H, Chen X, Zhang L, Lin J, Wang J. Regulation of the luminescence mechanism of two-dimensional tin halide perovskites. Nat Commun 2022; 13:60. [PMID: 35013195 PMCID: PMC8748536 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27663-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) Sn-based perovskites are a kind of non-toxic environment-friendly luminescent material. However, the research on the luminescence mechanism of this type of perovskite is still very controversial, which greatly limits the further improvement and application of the luminescence performance. At present, the focus of controversy is defects and phonon scattering rates. In this work, we combine the organic cation control engineering with temperature-dependent transient absorption spectroscopy to systematically study the interband exciton relaxation pathways in layered A2SnI4 (A = PEA+, BA+, HA+, and OA+) structures. It is revealed that exciton-phonon scattering and exciton-defect scattering have different effects on exciton relaxation. Our study further confirms that the deformation potential scattering by charged defects, not by the non-polar optical phonons, dominates the excitons interband relaxation, which is largely different from the Pb-based perovskites. These results enhance the understanding of the origin of the non-radiative pathway in Sn-based perovskite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianju Zhang
- Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chaocheng Zhou
- Department of Physics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xuezhen Feng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ningning Dong
- Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hong Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xianfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulation and Applications, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250358, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jia Lin
- Department of Physics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai, 201800, China.
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13
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Baranowski M, Surrente A, Plochocka P. Two Dimensional Perovskites/Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Heterostructures: Puzzles and Challenges. Isr J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Baranowski
- Department of Experimental Physics Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology Wroclaw University of Science and Technology 50-370 Wroclaw Poland
| | - Alessandro Surrente
- Department of Experimental Physics Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology Wroclaw University of Science and Technology 50-370 Wroclaw Poland
| | - Paulina Plochocka
- Department of Experimental Physics Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology Wroclaw University of Science and Technology 50-370 Wroclaw Poland
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses UPR 3228 CNRS-UGA-UPS-INSA 38042, 31400 Grenoble, Toulouse France
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14
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Li Y, Shen L, Pun EYB, Lin H. All-inorganic perovskite quantum dots-based electrospun polyacrylonitrile fiber for ultra-sensitive trace-recording. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 33:095708. [PMID: 34798625 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac3b83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
All-inorganic dual-phase CsPbBr3-Cs4PbBr6quantum dots (CPB QDs)-based polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber synthesized by supersaturated recrystallization and electrospinning technique possesses characteristics of homogeneous morphology, high crystallinity and solution sensitivity. Under 365 nm laser excitation, CPB@PAN fiber exhibits surprising trace-recording capability attributing to the splash-enhanced fluorescence (FL) performance with a narrow-band emission at 477-515 nm. In the process of ethanol anhydrous (EA) and water splashing, the CPB@PAN fiber presents conspicuous blue and green emission when contacting with EA and water, and maintains intense blue and green FL for more than 4 months. These experimental and theoretical findings provide a facile technology for the development of biological protection display, biotic detection and moisture-proof forewarning based on the trace-recording performance of CPB@PAN fiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifan Shen
- School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, People's Republic of China
- College of Microelectronics and Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology, Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, People's Republic of China
| | - Edwin Yue Bun Pun
- Department of Electrical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Lin
- School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, People's Republic of China
- Department of Electrical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
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15
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Shin J, Baek KY, Lee J, Lee W, Kim J, Jang J, Park J, Kang K, Cho K, Lee T. Proton irradiation effects on mechanochemically synthesized and flash-evaporated hybrid organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 33:065706. [PMID: 34715679 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac34a7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskite is a promising material for developing efficient solar cell devices, with potential applications in space science. In this study, we synthesized methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskites via two methods: mechanochemical synthesis and flash evaporation. We irradiated these perovskites with highly energetic 10 MeV proton-beam doses of 1011, 1012, 1013, and 4 × 1013protons cm-2and examined the proton irradiation effects on the physical properties of MAPbI3perovskites. The physical properties of the mechanochemically synthesized MAPbI3perovskites were not considerably affected after proton irradiation. However, the flash-evaporated MAPbI3perovskites showed a new peak in x-ray diffraction and an increased fluorescence lifetime in time-resolved photoluminescence under high-dose conditions, indicating considerable changes in their physical properties. This difference in behavior between MAPbI3perovskites synthesized via the abovementioned two methods may be attributed to differences in radiation hardness associated with the bonding strength of the constituents, particularly Pb-I bonds. Our study will help to understand the radiation effect of proton beams on organometallic halide perovskite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Shin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Yoon Baek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghoon Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woocheol Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Juntae Jang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyoung Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Keehoon Kang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungjune Cho
- Soft Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Takhee Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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16
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Understanding the optical and bonding properties of hybrid metal-halide (C5H16NP) PbX4 (X = Cl, Br, I) perovskite: A density-functional theory study. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Lédée F, Audebert P, Trippé-Allard G, Galmiche L, Garrot D, Marrot J, Lauret JS, Deleporte E, Katan C, Even J, Quarti C. Tetrazine molecules as an efficient electronic diversion channel in 2D organic-inorganic perovskites. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:1547-1560. [PMID: 34846463 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01904f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Taking advantage of an innovative design concept for layered halide perovskites with active chromophores acting as organic spacers, we present here the synthesis of two novel two-dimensional (2D) hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskites incorporating for the first time 100% of a photoactive tetrazine derivative as the organic component. Namely, the use of a heterocyclic ring containing a nitrogen proportion imparts a unique electronic structure to the organic component, with the lowest energy optical absorption in the blue region. The present compound, a tetrazine, presents several resonances between the organic and inorganic components, both in terms of single particle electronic levels and exciton states, providing the ideal playground to discuss charge and energy transfer mechanisms at the organic/inorganic interface. Photophysical studies along with hybrid time-dependent DFT simulations demonstrate partial energy transfer and rationalise the suppressed emission from the perovskite frame in terms of different energy-transfer diversion channels, potentially involving both singlet and triplet states of the organic spacer. Periodic DFT simulations also support the feasibility of electron transfer from the conduction band of the inorganic component to the LUMO of the spacer as a potential quenching mechanism, suggesting the coexistence and competition of charge and energy transfer mechanisms in these heterostructures. Our work proves the feasibility of inserting photoactive small rings in a 2D perovskite structure, meanwhile providing a robust frame to rationalize the electronic interactions between the semiconducting inorganic layer and organic chromophores, with the prospects of optimizing the organic moiety according to the envisaged application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Lédée
- Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSupelec, LuMIn (Laboratoire Lumière, Matière et Interfaces), 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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18
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Perez CM, Ghosh D, Prezhdo O, Tretiak S, Neukirch AJ. Excited-State Properties of Defected Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots: Insights from Computation. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:1005-1011. [PMID: 33470811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
CsPbBr3 quantum dots (QDs) have been recently suggested for their application as bright green light-emitting diodes (LEDs); however, their optical properties are yet to be fully understood and characterized. In this work, we utilize time-dependent density functional theory to analyze the ground and excited states of the CsPbBr3 clusters in the presence of various low formation energy vacancy defects. Our study finds that the QD perovskites retain their defect tolerance with limited perturbance to the simulated UV-vis spectra. The exception to this general trend is that Br vacancies must be avoided, as they cause molecular orbital localization, resulting in trap states and lower LED performance. Blinking will likely still plague CsPbBr3 QDs, given that the charged defects critically perturb the spectra via red-shifting and lower absorbance. Our study provides insight into the tunability of CsPbBr3 QDs optical properties by understanding the nature of the electronic excitations and guiding improved development for high-performance LEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Mora Perez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Theoretical Physics and Chemistry of Materials, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Dibyajyoti Ghosh
- Theoretical Physics and Chemistry of Materials, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Oleg Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Physics and Chemistry of Materials, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Amanda J Neukirch
- Theoretical Physics and Chemistry of Materials, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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19
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Zhang L, Zhang X, Lu G. Intramolecular Band Alignment and Spin-Orbit Coupling in Two-Dimensional Halide Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6982-6989. [PMID: 32787199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskites, four distinct types of intramolecular band alignment (Ia, Ib, IIa, and IIb) can be formed between the organic and inorganic components. Molecular design to achieve desirable band alignments is of crucial importance to the applications of 2D perovskites and their heterostructures. In this work, by means of first-principles calculations, we have developed molecular design strategies that lead to the discovery of 2D halide perovskites with favorable band alignments toward light-emitting and photovoltaic applications. The same design strategies can be extended to vertical and lateral heterostructures of 2D perovskites with selective light emissions from the organic and/or inorganic layer of constituent 2D perovskites. For each intramolecular band alignment, the charge density and binding energy of the lowest energy exciton are examined. The effect of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) on the band structures is assessed. While SOC significantly lowers the band gaps in type-Ia and type-IIa alignments, it has a negligible effect in type-Ib and type-IIb alignments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghai Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, California 91330-8268, United States
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, California 91330-8268, United States
| | - Gang Lu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, California 91330-8268, United States
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20
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Ghosh D, Neukirch AJ, Tretiak S. Optoelectronic Properties of Two-Dimensional Bromide Perovskites: Influences of Spacer Cations. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:2955-2964. [PMID: 32208726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskites have displayed unique emission properties, making them potential candidates for next-generation light-emitting devices. Here, we combine nonadiabatic molecular dynamics and time-domain density functional theory to investigate the fundamental mechanisms of carrier recombination processes. Considering monolayer bromide perovskites with dissimilar organic spacer molecules, n-butylammonium (BA) and phenylethylammonium (PEA) cations, we find a strong correlation between temperature-induced structural fluctuations and nonradiative carrier recombination rates in these materials. The more flexible geometry of (BA)2PbBr4 compared to that of (PEA)2PbBr4, results in faster electron-hole recombination and shorter carrier lifetime, diminishing the photoluminescence quantum yield for softer 2D perovskites. Reduced structural fluctuations in relatively rigid (PEA)2PbBr4 not only indicate of a longer carrier lifetime but also suggest a narrower emission line width, implying a higher purity of the emitted light. Our ab initio modeling of excited state properties in 2D perovskites conveys material designing strategies to fine-tune perovskite emissions for solid-state lighting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibyajyoti Ghosh
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Amanda J Neukirch
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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21
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Fillafer N, Seewald T, Schmidt-Mende L, Polarz S. Interfacial charge transfer processes in 2D and 3D semiconducting hybrid perovskites: azobenzene as photoswitchable ligand. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 11:466-479. [PMID: 32274286 PMCID: PMC7113553 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.11.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the vast majority of studies on semiconductor particles ligands or capping agents are used that bind to the surface of the particles covering them with an electrically insulating shell. Since the transport of charge carriers and/or energy across interfaces is desirable for a variety of applications, the use of π-conjugated ligands becomes increasingly interesting. Among them are compounds that react to external stimuli. Molecular switches in particular are fascinating because the properties of the interfaces can be potentially adjusted as required. However, there is debate about how the properties of such special ligands are influenced by the presence of a semiconductor and vice versa. Here ammonium-modified azobenzene compounds were selected as prototypes for molecular switches and organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites as semiconductor materials. The class of ammonium-lead-halide phases as prototypes is peculiar because, in addition to the surface functionalization of 3D crystals, organic compounds can actually be incorporated into the crystal as 2D phases. Thus, for example, layered Ruddlesden-Popper phases are obtained. We present photoswitchable azobenzene ligands with different head-group lengths for the synthesis of 2D and 3D hybrid perovskite phases. The energy transfer mechanisms are influenced by the length of the molecular spacer moiety, which determines the distance between the π system and the semiconductor surfaces. We find huge differences in the photoswitching behaviour between the free, surface-coordinated and integrated ligands between the perovskite layers. Photoswitching of azobenzene ligands incorporated in 2D phases is nearly quenched, while the same mechanism for surface-coordinating ligands is greatly improved, compared to the free ligands. The improvement originates from an energy transfer from perovskite to azobenzene, which is strongly distance-dependent. This study provides evidence for the photoswitching of azobenzenes as ligands of hybrid perovskites, which depends on the spacing between the chromophore and the perovskite phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Fillafer
- University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Tobias Seewald
- University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Polarz
- University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
- Leibniz-University of Hannover, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Callinstrasse 9, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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22
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Fu Y, Jiang X, Li X, Traore B, Spanopoulos I, Katan C, Even J, Kanatzidis MG, Harel E. Cation Engineering in Two-Dimensional Ruddlesden–Popper Lead Iodide Perovskites with Mixed Large A-Site Cations in the Cages. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:4008-4021. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Boubacar Traore
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON - UMR 6082, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Ioannis Spanopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Claudine Katan
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Jacky Even
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON - UMR 6082, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Mercouri G. Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Elad Harel
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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