1
|
Lathrop SP, Mlinar LB, Manjrekar ON, Zhou Y, Harper KC, Sacia ER, Higgins M, Bogdan AR, Wang Z, Richter SM, Gong W, Voight EA, Henle J, Diwan M, Kallemeyn JM, Sharland JC, Wei B, Davies HML. Continuous Process to Safely Manufacture an Aryldiazoacetate and Its Direct Use in a Dirhodium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Cyclopropanation. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P. Lathrop
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Laurie B. Mlinar
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Onkar N. Manjrekar
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Yong Zhou
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Kaid C. Harper
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Eric R. Sacia
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Molly Higgins
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Andrew R. Bogdan
- Advanced Chemistry Technologies, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Zhe Wang
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Steven M. Richter
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Wei Gong
- Drug Discovery Science & Technology, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Eric A. Voight
- Drug Discovery Science & Technology, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Jeremy Henle
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Moiz Diwan
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Jeffrey M. Kallemeyn
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Jack C. Sharland
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Huw M. L. Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
O'Mahony RM, Lynch D, O'Callaghan KS, Collins SG, Maguire AR. Generation of Tosyl Azide in Continuous Flow Using an Azide Resin, and Telescoping with Diazo Transfer and Rhodium Acetate-Catalyzed O-H Insertion. Org Process Res Dev 2021; 25:2772-2785. [PMID: 34955628 PMCID: PMC8689650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Generation of tosyl azide 12 in acetonitrile in flow under water-free conditions using an azide resin and its use in diazo transfer to a series of aryl acetates are described. Successful telescoping with a rhodium acetate-catalyzed O-H insertion has been achieved, thereby transforming the aryl acetate 8 to α-hydroxy ester 10, a key intermediate in the synthesis of clopidogrel 11, without requiring isolation or handling of either tosyl azide 12 or α-aryl-α-diazoacetate 9, or indeed having significant amounts of either present at any point. Significantly, the solution of α-diazo ester 9 was sufficiently clean to progress directly to the rhodium acetate-catalyzed step without any detrimental impact on the efficiency of the O-H insertion. In addition, the rhodium acetate-catalyzed O-H insertion process is cleaner in flow than under traditional batch conditions. Use of the azide resin offers clear safety advantages and, in addition, this approach complements earlier protocols for the generation of tosyl azide 12 in flow; this protocol is especially useful with less acidic substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosella M O'Mahony
- School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - Denis Lynch
- School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - Katie S O'Callaghan
- School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - Stuart G Collins
- School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - Anita R Maguire
- School of Chemistry and School of Pharmacy, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kearney AM, Lynch D, Collins SG, Maguire AR. Telescoped diazo transfer and rhodium-catalysed S–H insertion in continuous flow. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
4
|
Crowley DC, Brouder TA, Kearney AM, Lynch D, Ford A, Collins SG, Maguire AR. Exploiting Continuous Processing for Challenging Diazo Transfer and Telescoped Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Transformations. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13955-13982. [PMID: 34379975 PMCID: PMC8524431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Generation and use
of triflyl azide in flow enables efficient synthesis
of a range of α-diazocarbonyl compounds, including α-diazoketones,
α-diazoamides, and an α-diazosulfonyl ester, via both
Regitz-type diazo transfer and deacylative/debenzoylative diazo-transfer
processes with excellent yields and offers versatility in the solvent
employed, in addition to addressing the hazards associated with handling
of this highly reactive sulfonyl azide. Telescoping the generation
of triflyl azide and diazo-transfer process with highly enantioselective
copper-mediated intramolecular aromatic addition and C–H insertion
processes demonstrates that the reaction stream containing the α-diazocarbonyl
compound can be obtained in sufficient purity to pass directly over
the immobilized copper bis(oxazoline) catalyst without detrimentally
impacting the catalyst enantioselectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Crowley
- School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Thomas A Brouder
- School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aoife M Kearney
- School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Denis Lynch
- School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Alan Ford
- School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Stuart G Collins
- School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Anita R Maguire
- School of Chemistry and School of Pharmacy, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Green SP, Wheelhouse KM, Payne AD, Hallett JP, Miller PW, Bull JA. Thermal Stability and Explosive Hazard Assessment of Diazo Compounds and Diazo Transfer Reagents. Org Process Res Dev 2019; 24:67-84. [PMID: 31983869 PMCID: PMC6972035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite their wide use in academia as metal-carbene precursors, diazo compounds are often avoided in industry owing to concerns over their instability, exothermic decomposition, and potential explosive behavior. The stability of sulfonyl azides and other diazo transfer reagents is relatively well understood, but there is little reliable data available for diazo compounds. This work first collates available sensitivity and thermal analysis data for diazo transfer reagents and diazo compounds to act as an accessible reference resource. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC) data for the model donor/acceptor diazo compound ethyl (phenyl)diazoacetate are presented. We also present a rigorous DSC dataset with 43 other diazo compounds, enabling direct comparison to other energetic materials to provide a clear reference work to the academic and industrial chemistry communities. Interestingly, there is a wide range of onset temperatures (T onset) for this series of compounds, which varied between 75 and 160 °C. The thermal stability variation depends on the electronic effect of substituents and the amount of charge delocalization. A statistical model is demonstrated to predict the thermal stability of differently substituted phenyl diazoacetates. A maximum recommended process temperature (T D24) to avoid decomposition is estimated for selected diazo compounds. The average enthalpy of decomposition (ΔH D) for diazo compounds without other energetic functional groups is -102 kJ mol-1. Several diazo transfer reagents are analyzed using the same DSC protocol and found to have higher thermal stability, which is in general agreement with the reported values. For sulfonyl azide reagents, an average ΔH D of -201 kJ mol-1 is observed. High-quality thermal data from ARC experiments shows the initiation of decomposition for ethyl (phenyl)diazoacetate to be 60 °C, compared to that of 100 °C for the common diazo transfer reagent p-acetamidobenzenesulfonyl azide (p-ABSA). The Yoshida correlation is applied to DSC data for each diazo compound to provide an indication of both their impact sensitivity (IS) and explosivity. As a neat substance, none of the diazo compounds tested are predicted to be explosive, but many (particularly donor/acceptor diazo compounds) are predicted to be impact-sensitive. It is therefore recommended that manipulation, agitation, and other processing of neat diazo compounds are conducted with due care to avoid impacts, particularly in large quantities. The full dataset is presented to inform chemists of the nature and magnitude of hazards when using diazo compounds and diazo transfer reagents. Given the demonstrated potential for rapid heat generation and gas evolution, adequate temperature control and cautious addition of reagents that begin a reaction are strongly recommended when conducting reactions with diazo compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian P Green
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Katherine M Wheelhouse
- API Chemistry, Product Development & Supply and Process Safety, Pilot Plant Operations, GlaxoSmithKline, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Andrew D Payne
- API Chemistry, Product Development & Supply and Process Safety, Pilot Plant Operations, GlaxoSmithKline, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Jason P Hallett
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Philip W Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - James A Bull
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Santi M, Seitz J, Cicala R, Hardwick T, Ahmed N, Wirth T. Memory of Chirality in Flow Electrochemistry: Fast Optimisation with DoE and Online 2D‐HPLC. Chemistry 2019; 25:16230-16235. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Micol Santi
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Jakob Seitz
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Rossana Cicala
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Tomas Hardwick
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Nisar Ahmed
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Thomas Wirth
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Santi M, Ould DMC, Wenz J, Soltani Y, Melen RL, Wirth T. Metal‐Free Tandem Rearrangement/Lactonization: Access to 3,3‐Disubstituted Benzofuran‐2‐(3
H
)‐ones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:7861-7865. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201902985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Micol Santi
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales UK
| | - Darren M. C. Ould
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales UK
| | - Jan Wenz
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales UK
| | - Yashar Soltani
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales UK
| | - Rebecca L. Melen
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales UK
| | - Thomas Wirth
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Santi M, Ould DMC, Wenz J, Soltani Y, Melen RL, Wirth T. Metallfreie Tandem‐Umlagerung/Lactonisierung: Zugang zu 3,3‐disubstituierten Benzofuran‐2‐(3
H
)‐onen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201902985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Micol Santi
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales Großbritannien
| | - Darren M. C. Ould
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales Großbritannien
| | - Jan Wenz
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales Großbritannien
| | - Yashar Soltani
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales Großbritannien
| | - Rebecca L. Melen
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales Großbritannien
| | - Thomas Wirth
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales Großbritannien
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pal A, Hussaini SR. Copper-Catalyzed Coupling of Thioamides and Donor/Acceptor-Substituted Carbenoids: Synthesis of Enamino Esters and Enaminones. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:269-280. [PMID: 31459329 PMCID: PMC6648369 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The coupling of thioamides and donor/acceptor-substituted diazocarbonyl compounds is reported for the first time. The present report provides a mild, catalytic method that couples thioamides and donor/acceptor-substituted diazocarbonyl compounds to form enamino esters and enaminones. Unlike traditional methods for the synthesis of enamino esters and enaminones from thioamides, both N-alkyl thioamides and thiocarbamates are suitable substrates in this coupling reaction. Copper(I) bromide catalyzes the reaction and provides enamino esters and enaminones chemo- and diastereoselectively in less time than Rh2(OAc)4 or Ru(PPh3)3Cl2 catalysts.
Collapse
|
10
|
Hock KJ, Koenigs RM. The Generation of Diazo Compounds in Continuous-Flow. Chemistry 2018; 24:10571-10583. [PMID: 29575129 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Toxic, cancerogenic and explosive-these attributes are typically associated with diazo compounds. Nonetheless, diazo compounds are nowadays a highly demanded class of reagents for organic synthesis, yet the concerns with regards to safe and scalable transformations of these compounds are still exceptionally high. Lately, the research area of the continuous-flow synthesis of diazo compounds attracted significant interest and a whole variety of protocols for their "on-demand" preparation have been realized to date. This concept article focuses on the recent developments using continuous-flow technologies to access diazo compounds; thus minimizing risks and hazards when working with this particular class of compounds. In this article we discuss these concepts and highlight different pre-requisites to access and to perform downstream functionalization reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina J Hock
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rene M Koenigs
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ramanjaneyulu BT, Vishwakarma NK, Vidyacharan S, Adiyala PR, Kim DP. Towards Versatile Continuous-Flow Chemistry and Process Technology Via New Conceptual Microreactor Systems. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bandaru T. Ramanjaneyulu
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH); Pohang 37673 Korea
| | - Niraj K. Vishwakarma
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH); Pohang 37673 Korea
| | - Shinde Vidyacharan
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH); Pohang 37673 Korea
| | - Praveen Reddy Adiyala
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH); Pohang 37673 Korea
| | - Dong-Pyo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH); Pohang 37673 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rullière P, Benoit G, Allouche EMD, Charette AB. Safe and Facile Access to Nonstabilized Diazoalkanes Using Continuous Flow Technology. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5777-5782. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Rullière
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Department of Chemistry; Université de Montreal; P.O. Box 6128 Station Downtown Montreal Quebec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Guillaume Benoit
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Department of Chemistry; Université de Montreal; P.O. Box 6128 Station Downtown Montreal Quebec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Emmanuelle M. D. Allouche
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Department of Chemistry; Université de Montreal; P.O. Box 6128 Station Downtown Montreal Quebec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - André B. Charette
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Department of Chemistry; Université de Montreal; P.O. Box 6128 Station Downtown Montreal Quebec H3C 3J7 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rullière P, Benoit G, Allouche EMD, Charette AB. Safe and Facile Access to Nonstabilized Diazoalkanes Using Continuous Flow Technology. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Rullière
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Department of Chemistry; Université de Montreal; P.O. Box 6128 Station Downtown Montreal Quebec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Guillaume Benoit
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Department of Chemistry; Université de Montreal; P.O. Box 6128 Station Downtown Montreal Quebec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Emmanuelle M. D. Allouche
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Department of Chemistry; Université de Montreal; P.O. Box 6128 Station Downtown Montreal Quebec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - André B. Charette
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Department of Chemistry; Université de Montreal; P.O. Box 6128 Station Downtown Montreal Quebec H3C 3J7 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
BURTOLOSO ANTONIOC, MOMO PATRÍCIAB, NOVAIS GRAZIELEL. Traditional and New methods for the Preparation of Diazocarbonyl Compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 90:859-893. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820170768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
15
|
Castoldi L, Ielo L, Holzer W, Giester G, Roller A, Pace V. α-Arylamino Diazoketones: Diazomethane-Loading Controlled Synthesis, Spectroscopic Investigations, and Structural X-ray Analysis. J Org Chem 2018; 83:4336-4347. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b03134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Ielo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | | | | | - Alexander Roller
- X-Ray Structure Analysis Center, University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Santi M, Müller STR, Folgueiras-Amador AA, Uttry A, Hellier P, Wirth T. Enantioselective Synthesis of trans
-2,3-Dihydro-1H
-indoles Through C-H Insertion of α-Diazocarbonyl Compounds. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Micol Santi
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Park Place, Main Building CF10 3AT Cardiff UK
| | - Simon T. R. Müller
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Park Place, Main Building CF10 3AT Cardiff UK
| | | | - Alexander Uttry
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Park Place, Main Building CF10 3AT Cardiff UK
| | - Paul Hellier
- Pierre Fabre Médicament; Parc Industriel de la Chartreuse 81106 Castres CEDEX France
| | - Thomas Wirth
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Park Place, Main Building CF10 3AT Cardiff UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bana P, Lakó Á, Kiss NZ, Béni Z, Szigetvári Á, Kóti J, Túrós GI, Éles J, Greiner I. Synthesis of Urea Derivatives in Two Sequential Continuous-Flow Reactors. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Péter Bana
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Lakó
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nóra Zsuzsa Kiss
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Béni
- Gedeon Richter Plc., PO Box 27, 1475 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - János Kóti
- Gedeon Richter Plc., PO Box 27, 1475 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - János Éles
- Gedeon Richter Plc., PO Box 27, 1475 Budapest, Hungary
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
McCaw PG, Buckley NM, Eccles KS, Lawrence SE, Maguire AR, Collins SG. Synthesis of Cyclic α-Diazo-β-keto Sulfoxides in Batch and Continuous Flow. J Org Chem 2017; 82:3666-3679. [PMID: 28272889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Diazo transfer to β-keto sulfoxides to form stable isolable α-diazo-β-keto sulfoxides has been achieved for the first time. Both monocyclic and benzofused ketone derived β-keto sulfoxides were successfully explored as substrates for diazo transfer. Use of continuous flow leads to isolation of the desired compounds in enhanced yields relative to standard batch conditions, with short reaction times, increased safety profile, and potential to scale up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick G McCaw
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork , Cork, Ireland
| | - Naomi M Buckley
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork , Cork, Ireland
| | - Kevin S Eccles
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork , Cork, Ireland
| | - Simon E Lawrence
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork , Cork, Ireland
| | - Anita R Maguire
- Department of Chemistry and School of Pharmacy, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork , Cork, Ireland
| | - Stuart G Collins
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, University College Cork , Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
O'Brien M, Cooper DA, Dolan J. Continuous flow iodination using an automated computer-vision controlled liquid-liquid extraction system. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
20
|
Keipour H, Jalba A, Delage-Laurin L, Ollevier T. Copper-Catalyzed Carbenoid Insertion Reactions of α-Diazoesters and α-Diazoketones into Si–H and S–H Bonds. J Org Chem 2017; 82:3000-3010. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Keipour
- Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Angela Jalba
- Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Léo Delage-Laurin
- Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Thierry Ollevier
- Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jensen RK, Thykier N, Enevoldsen MV, Lindhardt AT. A High Mobility Reactor Unit for R&D Continuous Flow Transfer Hydrogenations. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus K. Jensen
- Department of Engineering,
Section of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Hangøvej
2, 8200 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj Thykier
- Department of Engineering,
Section of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Hangøvej
2, 8200 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Martin V. Enevoldsen
- Department of Engineering,
Section of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Hangøvej
2, 8200 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Anders T. Lindhardt
- Department of Engineering,
Section of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Hangøvej
2, 8200 Aarhus C, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu J, Wang L, Qing X, Zhang F, Wang T, Wang C. Synergistic NaBH 4Reduction/Cyclization of 2-Aroylcyclopropane-1-carboxylates: Synthesis of 3-Oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yangzhou University; 180 Siwangting Street 225002 Yangzhou P. R. China
| | - Lizhong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yangzhou University; 180 Siwangting Street 225002 Yangzhou P. R. China
- Taizhou Polytechnic College; 225300 Taizhou P. R. China
| | - Xushun Qing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yangzhou University; 180 Siwangting Street 225002 Yangzhou P. R. China
| | - Feixiang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yangzhou University; 180 Siwangting Street 225002 Yangzhou P. R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yangzhou University; 180 Siwangting Street 225002 Yangzhou P. R. China
| | - Cunde Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yangzhou University; 180 Siwangting Street 225002 Yangzhou P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Poh JS, Makai S, von Keutz T, Tran DN, Battilocchio C, Pasau P, Ley SV. Rapid Asymmetric Synthesis of Disubstituted Allenes by Coupling of Flow-Generated Diazo Compounds and Propargylated Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:1864-1868. [PMID: 28075518 PMCID: PMC5363227 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the asymmetric coupling of flow‐generated unstabilized diazo compounds and propargylated amine derivatives, using a new pyridinebis(imidazoline) ligand, a copper catalyst and base. The reaction proceeds rapidly, generating chiral allenes in 10–20 minutes with high enantioselectivity (89–98 % de/ee), moderate yields and a wide functional group tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Siang Poh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Szabolcs Makai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Timo von Keutz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Duc N Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Claudio Battilocchio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Patrick Pasau
- UCB Biopharma SPRL, Chemical Research R5, Chemin du Foriest, 1420, Braine-L'Alleud, Belgium
| | - Steven V Ley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Poh JS, Makai S, von Keutz T, Tran DN, Battilocchio C, Pasau P, Ley SV. Rapid Asymmetric Synthesis of Disubstituted Allenes by Coupling of Flow-Generated Diazo Compounds and Propargylated Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Siang Poh
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Szabolcs Makai
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Timo von Keutz
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Duc N. Tran
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Claudio Battilocchio
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Patrick Pasau
- UCB Biopharma SPRL; Chemical Research R5; Chemin du Foriest 1420 Braine-L'Alleud Belgium
| | - Steven V. Ley
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nguyen DV, Gravel E, Buisson DA, Nicolas M, Doris E. Enantioselective synthesis of a cyclobutane analogue of Milnacipran. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00140a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An optically active cyclobutane analogue of Milnacipran was synthesized from phenylacetonitrile, and its cis-stereochemistry was controlled by an epimerization step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dinh-Vu Nguyen
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage (SCBM)
- CEA
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette
- France
| | - Edmond Gravel
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage (SCBM)
- CEA
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette
- France
| | - David-Alexandre Buisson
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage (SCBM)
- CEA
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette
- France
| | - Marc Nicolas
- Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre
- Centre de Recherche et Développement
- 31035 Toulouse
- France
| | - Eric Doris
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage (SCBM)
- CEA
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette
- France
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gérardy R, Winter M, Vizza A, Monbaliu JCM. Assessing inter- and intramolecular continuous-flow strategies towards methylphenidate (Ritalin) hydrochloride. REACT CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6re00184j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Development of a scalable continuous-flow process towards enriched threo-methylphenidate (Ritalin) hydrochloride.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romaric Gérardy
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Liège
- B-4000 Liège (Sart Tilman)
- Belgium
| | - Marc Winter
- Corning Reactor Technologies
- Corning SAS
- France
| | | | - Jean-Christophe M. Monbaliu
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Liège
- B-4000 Liège (Sart Tilman)
- Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bana P, Örkényi R, Lövei K, Lakó Á, Túrós GI, Éles J, Faigl F, Greiner I. The route from problem to solution in multistep continuous flow synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 25:6180-6189. [PMID: 28087127 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of continuous flow chemistry allow the multistep preparation of complex molecules such as APIs (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients) in a telescoped manner. Numerous examples of laboratory-scale applications are described, which are pointing towards novel manufacturing processes of pharmaceutical compounds, in accordance with recent regulatory, economical and quality guidances. The chemical and technical knowledge gained during these studies is considerable; nevertheless, connecting several individual chemical transformations and the attached analytics and purification holds hidden traps. In this review, we summarize innovative solutions for these challenges, in order to benefit chemists aiming to exploit flow chemistry systems for the synthesis of biologically active molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Péter Bana
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert Örkényi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Klára Lövei
- Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömrői út 19-21, H-1103 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Lakó
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - János Éles
- Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömrői út 19-21, H-1103 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Faigl
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; MTA-BME Organic Chemical Technology Research Group, Budafoki út 8, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Greiner
- Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömrői út 19-21, H-1103 Budapest, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pedersen MJ, Skovby T, Mealy MJ, Dam-Johansen K, Kiil S. A Solvent-Free Base Liberation of a Tertiary Aminoalkyl Halide by Flow Chemistry. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Pedersen
- H. Lundbeck A/S, Oddenvej 182, 4500 Nykøbing Sjælland, Denmark
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DTU, Building 229, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tommy Skovby
- H. Lundbeck A/S, Oddenvej 182, 4500 Nykøbing Sjælland, Denmark
| | | | - Kim Dam-Johansen
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DTU, Building 229, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Søren Kiil
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DTU, Building 229, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Miura T, Nakamuro T, Nikishima H, Murakami M. Asymmetric Synthesis of Cyclopropylmethanamines by Rhodium-catalyzed Cyclopropanation of Pinacol Allylboronate withN-Sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.160465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
30
|
Deadman BJ, O'Mahony RM, Lynch D, Crowley DC, Collins SG, Maguire AR. Taming tosyl azide: the development of a scalable continuous diazo transfer process. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:3423-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00246c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In situ generation and use of tosyl azide in flow enables enhanced safety and ready scale-up in diazo transfer processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Deadman
- Department of Chemistry
- Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre
- University College Cork
- Ireland
| | - Rosella M. O'Mahony
- Department of Chemistry
- Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre
- University College Cork
- Ireland
| | - Denis Lynch
- Department of Chemistry
- Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre
- University College Cork
- Ireland
| | - Daniel C. Crowley
- Department of Chemistry
- Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre
- University College Cork
- Ireland
| | - Stuart G. Collins
- Department of Chemistry
- Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre
- University College Cork
- Ireland
| | - Anita R. Maguire
- Department of Chemistry and School of Pharmacy
- Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre
- University College Cork
- Ireland
| |
Collapse
|