1
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Liu XQ, Chen H, Fan JH, Tang KW, Zhong LJ, Liu Y. Radical Cascade Cyclization of N-( o-Cyanobiaryl)acrylamides with Sulfonium Salts via Synergetic Photoredox and Copper Catalysis. Org Lett 2024; 26:7650-7655. [PMID: 39230939 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
As the magic methyl effect is well acknowledged in pharmaceutical molecules, the development of simple and efficient methods for the installment of methyl groups on complex molecules is highly coveted. Hence, we provide a general strategy for radical cascade cyclization of N-(o-cyanobiaryl)acrylamides by utilizing sulfonium salts as the sources of methyl radical and merging photoredox and copper catalysis. This novel protocol can access a wide variety of methylation or remote thioether-substituted benzo-fused N-heterocycle derivatives, which can be easily transformed into diverse highly valuable sulfone and sulfoximine compounds via late-stage diversification. Moreover, to further demonstrate the synthetic utility of this conversion, the methyl(phenyl)sulfide, which serves as both raw material and byproduct, can be recovered and reused in this transformation. The scale-up experiment for the one-pot two-step process directly offers the target product in good yield under the standard conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Qian Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Jian-Hong Fan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Ke-Wen Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Long-Jin Zhong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
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2
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Cao ZW, Zhang JX, Wang JT, Li L, Chen XY, Jin S, Cao ZY, Wang P. Palladium-Catalyzed Hiyama-Type Coupling of Thianthrenium and Phenoxathiinium Salts. Org Lett 2024; 26:6681-6686. [PMID: 39058573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Here, we demonstrate palladium-catalyzed Hiyama-type cross-coupling reactions of aryl thianthrenium or phenoxathiinium salts. By employing stable and inexpensive organosilanes, the arylation, alkenylation, and alkynylation were realized in high efficiency using commercially available Pd(tBu3P)2 as the catalyst, thus providing a reliable method for preparation of biaryls, styrenes, and aryl acetylenes with a broad functional group tolerance under mild conditions. Given the accessibility of aryl thianthrenium or phenoxathiinium salts from simple arenes in a remarkable regioselective fashion, this protocol also provides an attractive approach for the late-stage modification of complex bioactive scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Cao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Xuan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Tao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Lang Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Shengnan Jin
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Yan Cao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry, and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
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3
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Mandal T, Chaturvedi A, Azim A, Maji R, De Sarkar S. Earth-Abundant Recyclable Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Green-light Mediated C-H Arylation in Heterogeneous Phase. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401617. [PMID: 38788130 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
A magnetically isolable iron oxide nanoparticles is introduced as an efficient heterogeneous photocatalyst for non-directed C-H arylation employing aryl diazonium salts as the aryl precursors. This first-row transition metal-based photocatalyst revealed versatile activities and is applicable to a wide range of substrates, demonstrating brilliant efficacy and superior recyclability. Detailed catalytic characterization describes the physical properties and redox behavior of the Fe-catalyst. Adequate control experiments helped to establish the radical-based mechanism for the C-H arylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanumoy Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Ashwin Chaturvedi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Aznur Azim
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Rohan Maji
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Suman De Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
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4
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Liu J, Feng Z, Li H, Yu Z, Wang H, Tang B. Efficient late-stage synthesis of quaternary phosphonium salts from organothianthrenium salts via photocatalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 39073349 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02515f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Quaternary phosphonium salts (QPS) are significant structural motifs in drugs, materials, and catalysts. Here, a photoactivated approach for the selective late-stage synthesis of QPS utilizing organothianthrenium salts and tertiary phosphines is presented with high yields and broad functional group compatibility. Additionally, the synthetic utility of this protocol is demonstrated by in situ generation of QPS via C-H functionalization and its fluorescence confocal imaging of mitochondrial localization in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education; Molecular Synthesis Center, and School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education; Molecular Synthesis Center, and School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Hanxiang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Zhengze Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education; Molecular Synthesis Center, and School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
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5
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Dupommier D, Vuagnat M, Rzayev J, Roy S, Jubault P, Besset T. Site-Selective Ortho/Ipso C-H Difunctionalizations of Arenes using Thianthrene as a Leaving Group. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403950. [PMID: 38712851 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Site-selective ortho/ipso C-H difunctionalizations of aromatic compounds were designed to afford polyfunctionalized arenes including challenging 1,2,3,4-tetrasubstituted ones (62 examples, up to 97 % yields). To ensure the excellent regioselectivity of the process while keeping high efficiency, an original strategy based on a "C-H thianthenation/Catellani-type reaction" sequence was developed starting from simple arenes. Non-prefunctionalized arenes were first regioselectively converted into the corresponding thianthrenium salts. Then, a palladium-catalyzed, norbornene (NBE)-mediated process allowed the synthesis of ipso-olefinated/ortho-alkylated polyfunctionalized arenes using a thianthrene as a leaving group (revisited Catellani reaction). Pleasingly, using a commercially available norbornene (NBE) and a unique catalytic system, synthetic challenges known for the Catellani reaction with aryl iodides were smoothly and successfully tackled with the "thianthrenium" approach. The protocol was robust (gram-scale reaction) and was widely applied to the two-fold functionalization of various arenes including bio-active compounds. Moreover, a panel of olefins and alkyl halides as coupling partners was suitable. Pleasingly, the "thianthrenium" strategy was successfully further applied to the incorporation of other groups at the ipso (CN/alkyl/H, aryl) and ortho (alkyl, aryl, amine, thiol) positions, showcasing the generality of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Dupommier
- INSA Rouen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Martin Vuagnat
- INSA Rouen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Javid Rzayev
- INSA Rouen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Sourav Roy
- INSA Rouen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Philippe Jubault
- INSA Rouen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Tatiana Besset
- INSA Rouen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, F-76000, Rouen, France
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6
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Guo C, Wang X, Ding Q, Wu J. C-H Bond Sulfonylation from Thianthrenium Salts and DABCO·(SO 2) 2: Synthesis of 2-Sulfonylindoles. J Org Chem 2024; 89:9672-9680. [PMID: 38871666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
A three-component reaction of 1-(1H-indol-1-yl)isoquinolines or 1-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-indoles, DABCO·(SO2)2, and thianthrenium salts under synergistic photoredox and palladium catalysis is accomplished. This direct C-H bond sulfonylation of indoles with the insertion of sulfur dioxide under mild conditions works efficiently, giving rise to a wide range of 2-sulfonated indoles in moderate to good yields under mild conditions. In this protocol, the generality of aryl/alkyl thianthrenium salts is demonstrated as well. A photoredox radical process combined with palladium catalysis is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Guo
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Qiuping Ding
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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7
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Jansen-van Vuuren RD, Liu S, Miah MAJ, Cerkovnik J, Košmrlj J, Snieckus V. The Versatile and Strategic O-Carbamate Directed Metalation Group in the Synthesis of Aromatic Molecules: An Update. Chem Rev 2024; 124:7731-7828. [PMID: 38864673 PMCID: PMC11212060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The aryl O-carbamate (ArOAm) group is among the strongest of the directed metalation groups (DMGs) in directed ortho metalation (DoM) chemistry, especially in the form Ar-OCONEt2. Since the last comprehensive review of metalation chemistry involving ArOAms (published more than 30 years ago), the field has expanded significantly. For example, it now encompasses new substrates, solvent systems, and metalating agents, while conditions have been developed enabling metalation of ArOAm to be conducted in a green and sustainable manner. The ArOAm group has also proven to be effective in the anionic ortho-Fries (AoF) rearrangement, Directed remote metalation (DreM), iterative DoM sequences, and DoM-halogen dance (HalD) synthetic strategies and has been transformed into a diverse range of functionalities and coupled with various groups through a range of cross-coupling (CC) strategies. Of ultimate value, the ArOAm group has demonstrated utility in the synthesis of a diverse range of bioactive and polycyclic aromatic compounds for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross D. Jansen-van Vuuren
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Chernoff Hall, 9 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7K 2N1, Canada
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Susana Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Chernoff Hall, 9 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7K 2N1, Canada
| | - M. A. Jalil Miah
- Department
of Chemistry, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Janez Cerkovnik
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Košmrlj
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Victor Snieckus
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Chernoff Hall, 9 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7K 2N1, Canada
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8
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Zhong LJ, Chen H, Shang X, Fan JH, Tang KW, Liu Y, Li JH. Photoredox Ring Opening 1,2-Alkylarylation of Alkenes with Sulfonium Salts Toward Thioether-Substituted Oxindoles. J Org Chem 2024; 89:8721-8733. [PMID: 38832808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
A novel strategy for the difunctionalization of electron-deficient alkenes with aryl sulfonium salts to access remote sulfur-containing oxindole derivatives by using in situ-formed copper(I)-based complexes as a photoredox catalyst is presented. This method enables the generation of the C(sp3)-centered radicals through site selective cleavage of the C-S bond of aryl sulfonium salts under mild conditions. Moreover, the oxidation reactions of desired products provide a new strategy for the preparation of sulfoxide or sulfone-containing compounds. Importantly, this approach can be easily applied to late-stage modification of pharmaceuticals molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Jin Zhong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Xuan Shang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Jian-Hong Fan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Ke-Wen Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Jin-Heng Li
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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9
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Nan J, Lei M, Chen G, Ma Y, Liang C, Wang J. Palladium/norbornene-catalyzed diversified trifunctionalization of aryl-thianthreniums. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5558-5561. [PMID: 38712611 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01426j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
A novel Catellani-type conversion is reported using aryl-thianthreniums (aryl-TTs) instead of aryl halides. Three classes of ortho-dual C-H functionalization involving alkylation, amination, and deuterated methylation and five types of ipso-operation including alkenylation, cyanation, methylation, hydrogenation, and alkynylation all proceed well in this procedure. In this conversion, aryl-TTs exhibit satisfactory reactivity and feature the advantage that the leaving TT unit can be recovered. More strikingly, this finding represents a new chemistry conversion of aryl-TTs, wherein contiguous tri-functionalization in a single chemical manipulation is realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Nan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Min Lei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Gaoyang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Yangmin Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Chengyuan Liang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Antiviral and Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria Therapeutics Research, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
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10
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Kumar R, Dohi T, Zhdankin VV. Organohypervalent heterocycles. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:4786-4827. [PMID: 38545658 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs01055k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
This review summarizes the structural and synthetic aspects of heterocyclic molecules incorporating an atom of a hypervalent main-group element. The term "hypervalent" has been suggested for derivatives of main-group elements with more than eight valence electrons, and the concept of hypervalency is commonly used despite some criticism from theoretical chemists. The significantly higher thermal stability of hypervalent heterocycles compared to their acyclic analogs adds special features to their chemistry, particularly for bromine and iodine. Heterocyclic compounds of elements with double bonds are not categorized as hypervalent molecules owing to the zwitterionic nature of these bonds, resulting in the conventional 8-electron species. This review is focused on hypervalent heterocyclic derivatives of nonmetal main-group elements, such as boron, silicon, nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, selenium, bromine, chlorine, iodine(III) and iodine(V).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, J C Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, NH-2, Sector-6, Mathura Road, Faridabad, 121006, Haryana, India.
| | - Toshifumi Dohi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
| | - Viktor V Zhdankin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 1038 University Drive, 126 HCAMS University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, USA.
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11
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Kaplaneris N, Akdeniz M, Fillols M, Arrighi F, Raymenants F, Sanil G, Gryko DT, Noël T. Photocatalytic Functionalization of Dehydroalanine-Derived Peptides in Batch and Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403271. [PMID: 38497510 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Unnatural amino acids, and their synthesis by the late-stage functionalization (LSF) of peptides, play a crucial role in areas such as drug design and discovery. Historically, the LSF of biomolecules has predominantly utilized traditional synthetic methodologies that exploit nucleophilic residues, such as cysteine, lysine or tyrosine. Herein, we present a photocatalytic hydroarylation process targeting the electrophilic residue dehydroalanine (Dha). This residue possesses an α,β-unsaturated moiety and can be combined with various arylthianthrenium salts, both in batch and flow reactors. Notably, the flow setup proved instrumental for efficient scale-up, paving the way for the synthesis of unnatural amino acids and peptides in substantial quantities. Our photocatalytic approach, being inherently mild, permits the diversification of peptides even when they contain sensitive functional groups. The readily available arylthianthrenium salts facilitate the seamless integration of Dha-containing peptides with a wide range of arenes, drug blueprints, and natural products, culminating in the creation of unconventional phenylalanine derivatives. The synergistic effect of the high functional group tolerance and the modular characteristic of the aryl electrophile enables efficient peptide conjugation and ligation in both batch and flow conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Kaplaneris
- Flow Chemistry Group, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Merve Akdeniz
- Flow Chemistry Group, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Méritxell Fillols
- Flow Chemistry Group, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Arrighi
- Flow Chemistry Group, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabian Raymenants
- Flow Chemistry Group, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gana Sanil
- Flow Chemistry Group, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniel T Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Timothy Noël
- Flow Chemistry Group, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Cheng K, Webb EW, Bowden GD, Wright JS, Shao X, Sanford MS, Scott PJH. Photo- and Cu-Mediated 11C Cyanation of (Hetero)Aryl Thianthrenium Salts. Org Lett 2024; 26:3419-3423. [PMID: 38630573 PMCID: PMC11099534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
We present a photo- and Cu-mediated 11C cyanation of bench-stable (hetero)aryl thianthrenium salts via an aryl radical addition pathway. The thianthrenium substrates can be readily accessed via C-H functionalization, and the radiocyanation protocol proceeds under mild conditions (<50 °C, 5 min) and can be automated using open-source, readily accessible augmentations to existing radiochemistry equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Cheng
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - E. William Webb
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Gregory D. Bowden
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jay S. Wright
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Xia Shao
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | | | - Peter J. H. Scott
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
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13
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Li Z, Chen L, Rong D, Yuan L, Xie Y. Photochemical acridone-mediated direct arylation of (hetero)arenes with aryl diazonium salts. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8739-8743. [PMID: 37872813 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01389h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
A metal-free photochemical C-H direct arylation using acridone as a photoredox catalyst to facilitate the reaction is described. Diazonium salts as precursors for aryl radicals, demonstrated by a fluorescence quenching experiment and free radical trapping experiment, allow the functionalization of (hetero)arenes under mild conditions. A series of valuable substituted biaryl and aryl-heteroaryl compounds were prepared in moderate to good yields via the coupling. Moreover, this methodology is shown to be applicable to scale-up synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Lijun Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Dayou Rong
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Longfeng Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
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14
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Kuzmin J, Röckl J, Schwarz N, Djossou J, Ahumada G, Ahlquist M, Lundberg H. Electroreductive Desulfurative Transformations with Thioethers as Alkyl Radical Precursors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202304272. [PMID: 37342889 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202304272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Thioethers are highly prevalent functional groups in organic compounds of natural and synthetic origin but remain remarkably underexplored as starting materials in desulfurative transformations. As such, new synthetic methods are highly desirable to unlock the potential of the compound class. In this vein, electrochemistry is an ideal tool to enable new reactivity and selectivity under mild conditions. Herein, we demonstrate the efficient use of aryl alkyl thioethers as alkyl radical precursors in electroreductive transformations, along with mechanistic details. The transformations proceed with complete selectivity for C(sp3 )-S bond cleavage, orthogonal to that of established transition metal-catalyzed two-electron routes. We showcase a hydrodesulfurization protocol with broad functional group tolerance, the first example of desulfurative C(sp3 )-C(sp3 ) bond formation in Giese-type cross-coupling and the first protocol for electrocarboxylation of synthetic relevance with thioethers as starting materials. Finally, the compound class is shown to outcompete their well-established sulfone analogues as alkyl radical precursors, demonstrating their synthetic potential for future desulfurative transformations in a one-electron manifold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Kuzmin
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johannes Röckl
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nils Schwarz
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Djossou
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Guillermo Ahumada
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mårten Ahlquist
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Lundberg
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Zhang J, Wang LC, Bao ZP, Wu XF. Site-selective carbonylation of arenes via C(sp 2)-H thianthrenation: direct access to 1,2-diarylethanones. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7637-7641. [PMID: 37476721 PMCID: PMC10355103 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02402d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, a new reaction for the site-selective carbonylation of arenes via C(sp2)-H thianthrenation under mild conditions has been developed. With low loadings of palladium catalysts, various desired 1,2-diarylethanones are produced in good yields. This strategy also enables the late-stage modification of complex molecules, which was previously challenging with similar carbonylative Negishi-type reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Zhang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 116023 Dalian Liaoning China
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Le-Cheng Wang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 116023 Dalian Liaoning China
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Zhi-Peng Bao
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 116023 Dalian Liaoning China
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 116023 Dalian Liaoning China
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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16
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Li S, Lei L, Feng B, Liu X, Xian L, Li Y. N-Iodosuccinimide-Mediated Synthesis of Benzo-Fused Bisimidazoles Enabled by a One-Pot Tandem Reaction of Fluorinated Propargyl Amidines. J Org Chem 2023; 88:4101-4111. [PMID: 36926882 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
A N-iodosuccinimide (NIS)-mediated divergent and efficient tandem reaction between fluorinated propargyl amidines and aromatic o-diamines without any metal catalyst and additive under mild reaction conditions was developed for the synthesis of benzo-fused bisimidazoles in moderate to excellent yields. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggested that this reaction proceeded by an intermediate of secondary amine derived from 5-iodomethyl imidazole, and NIS played another role of oxidation reagent to promote the formation of a benzimidazole motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Urban Water Environment, Key laboratory of Regional Ecological Environment Analysis and Pollution Control of West Guangxi, College of Chemistry and Environment Engineering, Baise University, 21 Zhongshan No.2 Road, Baise 533000, China
| | - Lu Lei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Urban Water Environment, Key laboratory of Regional Ecological Environment Analysis and Pollution Control of West Guangxi, College of Chemistry and Environment Engineering, Baise University, 21 Zhongshan No.2 Road, Baise 533000, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Urban Water Environment, Key laboratory of Regional Ecological Environment Analysis and Pollution Control of West Guangxi, College of Chemistry and Environment Engineering, Baise University, 21 Zhongshan No.2 Road, Baise 533000, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Urban Water Environment, Key laboratory of Regional Ecological Environment Analysis and Pollution Control of West Guangxi, College of Chemistry and Environment Engineering, Baise University, 21 Zhongshan No.2 Road, Baise 533000, China
| | - Liqing Xian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Urban Water Environment, Key laboratory of Regional Ecological Environment Analysis and Pollution Control of West Guangxi, College of Chemistry and Environment Engineering, Baise University, 21 Zhongshan No.2 Road, Baise 533000, China
| | - Yajun Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou 350002, China
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17
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Kaplaneris N, Puet A, Kallert F, Pöhlmann J, Ackermann L. Late-stage C-H Functionalization of Tryptophan-Containing Peptides with Thianthrenium Salts: Conjugation and Ligation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216661. [PMID: 36581584 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal late-stage diversification of structurally complex peptides bears enormous potential for drug discovery and molecular imaging, among other applications. Herein, we report on a palladium-catalyzed C-H arylation of tryptophan-containing peptides with readily accessible and modular arylthianthrenium salts. Under exceedingly mild reaction conditions, the late-stage diversification of structurally complex peptides was accomplished. The tunability and ease of preparation of arylthianthrenium salts allowed the expedient stitching of tryptophan-containing peptides with drug, natural product, and peptidic scaffolds by forging sterically congested biaryl linkages. The robustness of the palladium catalysis regime was reflected by the full tolerance of a plethora of sensitive and coordinating functional groups. Hence, our manifold enabled efficient access to highly decorated, labelled, conjugated, and ligated linear and cyclic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Kaplaneris
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammanstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alejandro Puet
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammanstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Felix Kallert
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammanstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julia Pöhlmann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammanstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammanstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammanstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Potsdamer Strasse 58, 10785, Berlin, Germany
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18
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Kong X, Chen Y, Liu Q, Wang W, Zhang S, Zhang Q, Chen X, Xu YQ, Cao ZY. Selective Fluorosulfonylation of Thianthrenium Salts Enabled by Electrochemistry. Org Lett 2023; 25:581-586. [PMID: 36695525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A practical electrochemically driven method for fluorosulfonylation of both aryl and alkyl thianthrenium salts has been disclosed. The strategy does not need external redox reagents or metal catalysts. In combination with C-H thianthrenation of aromatics, this method provides a new tool for the site-selective fluorosulfonylation of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqiang Kong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Changzhou Institute of Technology, No. 666 Liaohe Road, Changzhou 213032, China
| | - Yiyi Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Changzhou Institute of Technology, No. 666 Liaohe Road, Changzhou 213032, China
| | - Qianwen Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Changzhou Institute of Technology, No. 666 Liaohe Road, Changzhou 213032, China
| | - WenJie Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Changzhou Institute of Technology, No. 666 Liaohe Road, Changzhou 213032, China
| | - Shuangquan Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Changzhou Institute of Technology, No. 666 Liaohe Road, Changzhou 213032, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Changzhou Institute of Technology, No. 666 Liaohe Road, Changzhou 213032, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Changzhou Institute of Technology, No. 666 Liaohe Road, Changzhou 213032, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials Surface Science and Technology, Changzhou University, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhong-Yan Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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19
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Abstract
The emergence of modern photocatalysis, characterized by mildness and selectivity, has significantly spurred innovative late-stage C-H functionalization approaches that make use of low energy photons as a controllable energy source. Compared to traditional late-stage functionalization strategies, photocatalysis paves the way toward complementary and/or previously unattainable regio- and chemoselectivities. Merging the compelling benefits of photocatalysis with the late-stage functionalization workflow offers a potentially unmatched arsenal to tackle drug development campaigns and beyond. This Review highlights the photocatalytic late-stage C-H functionalization strategies of small-molecule drugs, agrochemicals, and natural products, classified according to the targeted C-H bond and the newly formed one. Emphasis is devoted to identifying, describing, and comparing the main mechanistic scenarios. The Review draws a critical comparison between established ionic chemistry and photocatalyzed radical-based manifolds. The Review aims to establish the current state-of-the-art and illustrate the key unsolved challenges to be addressed in the future. The authors aim to introduce the general readership to the main approaches toward photocatalytic late-stage C-H functionalization, and specialist practitioners to the critical evaluation of the current methodologies, potential for improvement, and future uncharted directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bellotti
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149Münster, Germany
| | - Huan-Ming Huang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 201210Shanghai, China
| | - Teresa Faber
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149Münster, Germany
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20
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Zhao Y, Empel C, Liang W, Koenigs RM, Patureau FW. Gem-Difluoroallylation of Aryl Sulfonium Salts. Org Lett 2022; 24:8753-8758. [PMID: 36440861 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The unprecedented photochemical late-stage defluorinative gem-difluoroallylation of aryl sulfonium salts, which are formed site-selectively by direct C(sp2)─H functionalization, is herein disclosed. This method is distinguished by its mild reaction conditions, wide scope, and excellent site-selectivity. As showcase examples, a Flurbiprofen and Pyriproxyfen derivatives could be late stage C(sp2)─H gem-difluoroallylated with high yields. Experimental and computational investigations were conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Claire Empel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Wenjing Liang
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Rene M Koenigs
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Frederic W Patureau
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany
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21
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Meng H, Liu MS, Shu W. Organothianthrenium salts: synthesis and utilization. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13690-13707. [PMID: 36544727 PMCID: PMC9710214 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04507a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Organothianthrenium salts are a class of compounds containing a positively charged sulfur atom and a neutral sulfur atom. Over the past years, organothianthrenium salts have been emerging as attractive precursors for a myriad of transformations to forge new C-C and C-X bonds due to their unique structural characteristics and chemical behaviors. The use of the thianthrenation strategy selectively transforms C-H, C-O, and other chemical bonds into organothianthrenium salts in a predictable manner, providing a straightforward alternative for regioselective functionalizations for arenes, alkenes, alkanes, alcohols, amines and so on through diverse reaction mechanisms under mild conditions. In this review, the preparation of different organothianthrenium salts is summarized, including aryl, alkenyl and alkyl thianthrenium salts. Moreover, the utilization of organothianthrenium salts in different catalytic processes and their synthetic potentials are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Meng
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongP. R. China
| | - Ming-Shang Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongP. R. China
| | - Wei Shu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongP. R. China
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22
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Tang S, Zhao X, Yang L, Li B, Wang B. Copper‐Catalyzed Carboxylation of Aryl Thianthrenium Salts with CO
2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212975. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shibiao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 30007 China
| | - Xiaobo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 30007 China
| | - Lidong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 30007 China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 30007 China
| | - Baiquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 30007 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
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23
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Anti-Markovnikov ring-opening of sulfonium salts with alkynes by visible light/copper catalysis. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1373-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Xiang J, Patureau FW. Cross Dehydrogenative Coupling of Chloro‐ and Fluoroalkanes with Methylarenes. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202200130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Xiang Xiang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Frederic W. Patureau
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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25
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Wang P, Chen XY, Wu Y. Recent Advances in Thianthrenation/Phenoxathiination Enabled Site-Selective Functionalization of Arenes. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1737493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSite-selective functionalization of simple arenes remains a paramount challenge due to the similarity of multiple C–H bonds in the same molecule with similar steric environment and electronic properties. Recently, the site-selective thianthrenation/phenoxathiination of arenes has become an attractive solution to reach this challenging goal and it has been applied in the late-stage functionalization of various bioactive molecules. This short review aims to summarize recent advances in the site-selective C–H functionalization of arenes via aryl thianthrenium salts, as well as mechanistic insights in the remarkable site-selectivity obtained in thianthrenation step.1 Introduction2 Site-Selective Thianthrenation of Arenes and Mechanistic Insight3 Thianthrenation-Enabled Site-Selective Functionalization of Arenes3.1 Thianthrenation-Enabled C(sp
2)–C Bond Formation Reaction3.2 Thianthrenation-Enabled C(sp
2)–X Bond Formation Reaction4 Conclusion and Outlook
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- CAS Key Laboratory of Energy Regulation Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xiao-Yue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
| | - Yichen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
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26
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Sun K, Shi A, Liu Y, Chen X, Xiang P, Wang X, Qu L, Yu B. A general electron donor-acceptor complex for photoactivation of arenes via thianthrenation. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5659-5666. [PMID: 35694358 PMCID: PMC9116284 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01241c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
General photoactivation of electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complexes between arylsulfonium salts and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane with visible light or natural sunlight was discovered. This practical and efficient mode enables the production of aryl radicals under mild conditions, providing an unrealized opportunity for two-step para-selective C-H functionalization of complex arenes. The novel mode for generating aryl radicals via an EDA complex was well supported by UV-vis absorbance measurements, nuclear magnetic resonance titration experiments, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The method was applied to the regio- and stereo-selective arylation of various N-heterocycles under mild conditions, yielding an assembly of challengingly linked heteroaryl-(hetero)aryl products. Remarkably, the meaningful couplings of bioactive molecules with structurally complex drugs or agricultural pharmaceuticals were achieved to display favorable in vitro antitumor activities, which will be of great value in academia or industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Anzai Shi
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Yan Liu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Rare Earth Composite Material, College of Materials Engineering, Henan University of Engineering Zhengzhou 451191 China
| | - Xiaolan Chen
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Panjie Xiang
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Lingbo Qu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Bing Yu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
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27
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He FS, Bao P, Tang Z, Yu F, Deng WP, Wu J. Photoredox-Catalyzed α-Sulfonylation of Ketones from Sulfur Dioxide and Thianthrenium Salts. Org Lett 2022; 24:2955-2960. [PMID: 35416676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A photoredox-catalyzed sulfonylation of silyl enol ethers with DABCO·(SO2)2 and thianthrenium salts is achieved, providing diverse β-keto sulfones in moderate to good yields. This protocol features easily accessible starting materials and good functional group compatibility, enabling the introduction of various functionalized sulfonyl groups into ketones. Furthermore, as one of the important industrial raw materials, methanol can be employed as the methyl source to prepare α-methylsulfonated ketones through a methyl thianthrenium intermediate for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Sheng He
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Bao
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, China.,School of Pharmacy and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhimei Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feiyan Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei-Ping Deng
- School of Pharmacy and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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28
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Gordeev EG, Erokhin KS, Kobelev AD, Burykina JV, Novikov PV, Ananikov VP. Exploring metallic and plastic 3D printed photochemical reactors for customizing chemical synthesis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3780. [PMID: 35260601 PMCID: PMC8904794 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07583-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Visible light photocatalysis is a rapidly developing branch of chemical synthesis with outstanding sustainable potential and improved reaction design. However, the challenge is that many particular chemical reactions may require dedicated tuned photoreactors to achieve maximal efficiency. This is a critical stumbling block unless the possibility for reactor design becomes available directly in the laboratories. In this work, customized laboratory photoreactors were developed with temperature stabilization and the ability to adapt different LED light sources of various wavelengths. We explore two important concepts for the design of photoreactors: reactors for performing multiple parallel experiments and reactors suitable for scale-up synthesis, allowing a rapid increase in the product amount. Reactors of the first type were efficiently made of metal using metal laser sintering, and reactors of the second type were successfully manufactured from plastic using fused filament fabrication. Practical evaluation has shown good accuracy of the temperature stabilization in the range typically required for organic synthesis for both types of reactors. Synthetic application of 3D printed reactors has shown good utility in test reactions-furan C-H arylation and thiol-yne coupling. The critical effect of temperature stabilization was established for the furan arylation reaction: heating of the reaction mixture may lead to the total vanishing of photochemical effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniy G Gordeev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Kirill S Erokhin
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Andrey D Kobelev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, Russia, 119991
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory GSP-1, 1-3, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Julia V Burykina
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Pavel V Novikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory GSP-1, 1-3, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
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29
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Zhao Y, Yu C, Liang W, Atodiresei IL, Patureau FW. TEMPO-mediated late stage photochemical hydroxylation of biaryl sulfonium salts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2846-2849. [PMID: 35129566 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc07057f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The late stage photochemical hydroxylation of biaryl sulfonium salts was enabled with a TEMPO derivative as a simple oxygen source, in metal free conditions. The scope and mechanism of this exceptionally simple synthetic method, which constructs important arylated phenols from aromatic C-H bonds, are herein discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany.
| | - Congjun Yu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany.
| | - Wenjing Liang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany.
| | - Iuliana L Atodiresei
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany.
| | - Frederic W Patureau
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, Aachen 52074, Germany.
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30
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Li Q, Huang J, Cao Z, Zhang J, Wu J. Photoredox-catalyzed reaction of thianthrenium salts, sulfur dioxide and hydrazines. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00768a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A photoredox-catalyzed reaction of thianthrenium salts, hydrazines and DABCO·(SO2)2 is accomplished, providing diverse arenesulfonohydrazides in moderate to good yields under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangwei Li
- School of Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiapian Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Zenghui Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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31
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Abstract
The direct C–S borylation of aryl sulfides with B2pin2 has been achieved via a transition-metal-free photochemical process. With blue LED irradiation, aryl sulfides with various functional groups were converted to...
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32
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Tian ZY, Zhang CP. Visible-Light-Initiated Catalyst-Free Trifluoromethylselenolation of Arylsulfonium Salts with [Me4N][SeCF3]. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00235c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The redox potential gap between arylsulfonium salt and [Me4N][SeCF3] has been clearly disclosed by CV measurements. Construction of carbon-selenium bond by overcoming this gap without using catalysts and additives is...
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33
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Zhang YL, Wang GH, Wu Y, Zhu CY, Wang P. Construction of α-Amino Azines via Thianthrenation-Enabled Photocatalyzed Hydroarylation of Azine-Substituted Enamides with Arenes. Org Lett 2021; 23:8522-8526. [PMID: 34662135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
α-Amino azines are widely found in pharmaceuticals and ligands. Herein, we report a practical method for accessing this class of compounds via photocatalyzed hydroarylation of azine-substituted enamides with the in situ-generated aryl thianthrenium salts as the radical precursor. This reaction features a broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, and mild conditions and is suitable for the late-stage installation of α-amino azines in complex structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gang-Hu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yichen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chun-Yin Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Energy Regulation Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
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