1
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Rajarathinam T, Thirumalai D, Jayaraman S, Yang S, Ishigami A, Yoon JH, Paik HJ, Lee J, Chang SC. Glutamate oxidase sheets-Prussian blue grafted amperometric biosensor for the real time monitoring of glutamate release from primary cortical neurons. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127903. [PMID: 37939751 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate (GLU) is a primary excitatory neurotransmitter, and its dysregulation is associated with several neurodegenerative disorders. A major challenge in GLU estimation is the existence of other biomolecules in the brain that could directly get oxidized at the electrode. Hence, highly selective electroenzymatic biosensors that enable rapid estimation of GLU are needed. Initially, a copolymer, poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate- styrene) was synthesized through reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization to noncovalently functionalize reduced graphene oxide (rGO), named DS-rGO. Glutamate oxidase macromolecule immobilized DS-rGO formed enzyme nanosheets, which was drop-coated over Prussian blue electrodeposited disposable electrodes to fabricate the GLU biosensor. The interconnectivity between the enzyme nanosheets and the Prussian blue endows the biosensor with enhanced conductivity and electrochemical activity. The biosensor exhibited a linearity: 3.25-250 μM; sensitivity: 3.96 μA mM-1 cm-2, and a limit of detection: 0.96 μM for GLU in the Neurobasal Medium. The biosensor was applied to an in vitro primary rat cortical model to discriminate GLU levels in Neurobasal Medium, before and after KCl mediated depolarization, which provides new insights for elucidating neuronal functioning in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thenmozhi Rajarathinam
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dinakaran Thirumalai
- BIT Convergence-based Innovative Drug Development Targeting Metainflammation, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sivaguru Jayaraman
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonguk Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Akihito Ishigami
- Molecular Regulation of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Jang-Hee Yoon
- Busan Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jong Paik
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Cheol Chang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Lin CH, Tang X, Chen P, Luo SC. Unraveling the Adhesion Behavior of Different Cell Lines on Biomimetic PEDOT Interfaces: The Role of Surface Morphology and Antifouling Properties. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:5695-5707. [PMID: 37971532 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) interface, renowned for its biocompatibility and intrinsic conductivity, holds substantial potential in biosensing and cellular modulation. Through strategic functionalization, PEDOT derivatives can be adaptable for multifaceted applications. Notably, integrating phosphorylcholine (PC) groups into PEDOT, mimicking the hydrophilic headgroups from cell membranes, confers exceptional antifouling properties on the coating. This study systematically investigated biomolecule interactions with distinct forms of PEDOT, incorporating variations in surface modifications and structure. Zwitterionic PEDOT-PC was electropolymerized on smooth and nanostructured surfaces using various feeding ratios in electrolytes to finely control the antifouling properties of the interface. Precise electropolymerization conditions governed the attainment of smooth and nanostructured filamentous surfaces. The study employed a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) to assess protein binding behavior. Bovine serum albumin (BSA), lysozyme (LYZ), cytochrome c (cyt c), and fibronectin (FN) were used to evaluate their binding affinities for PEDOT films. FN, a pivotal extracellular matrix component, was included for connecting to cell adhesion behavior. Furthermore, the cellular adhesion behaviors on PEDOT interfaces were evaluated. Three cell lines─MG-63 osteosarcoma, HeLa cervical cancer, and fibroblast NIH/3T3 were examined. The presence of PC moieties significantly altered the adhesive response, including the number of attached cells, their morphologies, and nucleus shrinkage. MG-63 cells exhibited the highest tolerance for PC moieties. A feeding ratio of PEDOT-PC exceeding 70% resulted in cell apoptosis. This study contributes to understanding biomolecule adsorption on PEDOT surfaces of diverse morphologies and degrees of the antifouling moiety. Meanwhile, it also sheds light on the responses of various cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsin Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Xiaofang Tang
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Peilin Chen
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Chyang Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
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3
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Saranya S, Justin SJS, Edwin N, Wilson P. Morphology and Functionalization Dependent Sensing of Dopamine on L‐Arginine Functionalized Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Saranya
- Department of Chemistry Madras Christian College (Autonomous) Affiliated to the University of Madras East Tambaram Chennai 600059
| | - S. J. Samuel Justin
- Department of Chemistry Madras Christian College (Autonomous) Affiliated to the University of Madras East Tambaram Chennai 600059
| | - Nimmy Edwin
- Department of Chemistry Madras Christian College (Autonomous) Affiliated to the University of Madras East Tambaram Chennai 600059
| | - P. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry Madras Christian College (Autonomous) Affiliated to the University of Madras East Tambaram Chennai 600059
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4
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Caniglia G, Tezcan G, Meloni GN, Unwin PR, Kranz C. Probing and Visualizing Interfacial Charge at Surfaces in Aqueous Solution. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2022; 15:247-267. [PMID: 35259914 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-121521-122615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Surface charge density and distribution play an important role in almost all interfacial processes, influencing, for example, adsorption, colloidal stability, functional material activity, electrochemical processes, corrosion, nanoparticle toxicity, and cellular processes such as signaling, absorption, and adhesion. Understanding the heterogeneity in, and distribution of, surface and interfacial charge is key to elucidating the mechanisms underlying reactivity, the stability of materials, and biophysical processes. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) are highly suitable for probing the material/electrolyte interface at the nanoscale through recent advances in probe design, significant instrumental (hardware and software) developments, and the evolution of multifunctional imaging protocols. Here, we assess the capability of AFM and SICM for surface charge mapping, covering the basic underpinning principles alongside experimental considerations. We illustrate and compare the use of AFM and SICM for visualizing surface and interfacial charge with examples from materials science, geochemistry, and the life sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Caniglia
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany;
| | - Gözde Tezcan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom;
| | - Gabriel N Meloni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom;
| | - Patrick R Unwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom;
| | - Christine Kranz
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany;
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5
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Suriyaprakash J, Bala K, Shan L, Wu L, Gupta N. Molecular Engineered Carbon-Based Sensor for Ultrafast and Specific Detection of Neurotransmitters. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:60878-60893. [PMID: 34920668 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the quest for designing affordable diagnostic devices with high performance, precisely functionalized carbon-based materials with high accuracy and selectivity are required. Every material has its own unique ability to interact with the analyte, and its performance can be enhanced by probing the interaction mechanism. Herein, p-aminophenol (PAP)-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanoscale material is developed by a one-step synthetic route as an all-organic-based sensor. As the PAP molecules are precisely covalently interacted with the rGO at the basal plane and form a wrinkled-paper-like structure, the functionalized material exhibits an outstanding sensing ability (7.5 nM neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) at a wide linear range, 0.01-100 μM) with fast electrical transduction (<3 s) and good recyclability (∼10 cycles) in a real sample. Combining various analytical and density functional theory (DFT) calculation methods, physicochemical properties and the interaction mechanism of analyte-materials transduction are discussed exclusively. Besides, the potential application of the well-dispersed rGO-PAP gravure ink in flexible-printed electronics fields is explored. This study not only provides new insights into the surface/interface chemistry and working principle of this unique anchoring of PAP on rGO but also offers a new pathway for developing other forms of metal-free/organic functionalized biosensors with high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagadeesh Suriyaprakash
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kanchan Bala
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab 140407, India
| | - Lianwei Shan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Neeraj Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh 176215, India
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6
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Kousar A, Peltola E, Laurila T. Nanostructured Geometries Strongly Affect Fouling of Carbon Electrodes. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:26391-26403. [PMID: 34660997 PMCID: PMC8515610 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Electrode fouling is a major factor that compromises the performance of biosensors in in vivo usage. It can be roughly classified into (i) electrochemical fouling, caused by the analyte and its reaction products, and (ii) biofouling, caused by proteins and other species in the measurement environment. Here, we examined the effect of electrochemical fouling [in phosphate buffer saline (PBS)], biofouling [in cell-culture media (F12-K) with and without proteins], and their combination on the redox reactions occurring on carbon-based electrodes possessing distinct morphologies and surface chemistry. The effect of biofouling on the electrochemistry of an outer sphere redox probe, [Ru(NH3)6]3+, was negligible. On the other hand, fouling had a marked effect on the electrochemistry of an inner sphere redox probe, dopamine (DA). We observed that the surface geometry played a major role in the extent of fouling. The effect of biofouling on DA electrochemistry was the worst on planar pyrolytic carbon, whereas the multiwalled carbon nanotube/tetrahedral amorphous carbon (MWCNT/ta-C), possessing spaghetti-like morphology, and carbon nanofiber (CNF/ta-C) electrodes were much less seriously affected. The blockage of the adsorption sites for DA by proteins and other components of biological media and electrochemical fouling components (byproducts of DA oxidation) caused rapid surface poisoning. PBS washing for 10 consecutive cycles at 50 mV/s did not improve the electrode performance, except for CNF/ta-C, which performed better after PBS washing. Overall, this study emphasizes the combined effect of biological and electrochemical fouling to be critical for the evaluation of the functionality of a sensor. Thus, electrodes possessing composite nanostructures showed less surface fouling in comparison to those possessing planar geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Kousar
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Emilia Peltola
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Tomi Laurila
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
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7
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Ternary Pt–Au–FeOOH-decorated polyaniline nanocomposite for sensitive dopamine electrochemical detection. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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Jiang C, Wang G, Hein R, Liu N, Luo X, Davis JJ. Antifouling Strategies for Selective In Vitro and In Vivo Sensing. Chem Rev 2020; 120:3852-3889. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Guixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Taian 271021, China
| | - Robert Hein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Nianzu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xiliang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jason J. Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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9
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Zhang YQ, Lin HA, Pan QC, Qian SH, Zhang SH, Qiu G, Luo SC, Yu HH, Zhu B. Tunable Protein/Cell Binding and Interaction with Neurite Outgrowth of Low-Impedance Zwitterionic PEDOTs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:12362-12372. [PMID: 32057222 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b23025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Zwitterionic poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) is an effective electronic material for bioelectronics because it exhibits efficient electrical trade-off and diminishes immune response. To promote the use of zwitterionic PEDOTs in bioelectronic devices, especially for cell alignment control and close electrocoupling, features such as tunable interaction of PEDOTs with proteins/cells and spatially modulating cell behavior are required. However, there is a lack of reliable methods to assemble zwitterionic EDOTs with other functionalized EDOT materials, having different polarities and oxidation potentials, to prepare PEDOTs with the aforementioned surface properties. In this study, we have developed a surfactant-assisted electropolymerization to assemble phosphorylcholine (PC)-functionalized EDOT with other functionalized EDOTs. By adjusting compositions, the interaction of PEDOT copolymers with proteins/cells can be finely tuned; the composition adjustment has an ignorable influence on the impedance of the copolymers. We also demonstrate that the cell-repulsive force generated from PC can spatially guide the neurite outgrowth to form a neuron network at single-cell resolution and greatly enhance the neurite outgrowth by 179%, which is significantly more distinctive than the reported topography effect. We expect that the derived tunable protein/cell interaction and the PC-induced repulsive guidance for the neurite outgrowth can make low-impedance zwitterionic PEDOTs more useful in bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials & College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 Renmin North Road, Songjiang, Shanghai 201600, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Baoshan, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Hsing-An Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Baoshan, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qi-Chao Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials & College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 Renmin North Road, Songjiang, Shanghai 201600, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Baoshan, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Si-Hao Qian
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials & College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 Renmin North Road, Songjiang, Shanghai 201600, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Baoshan, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Shu-Hua Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Baoshan, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Gao Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials & College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 Renmin North Road, Songjiang, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - Shyh-Chyang Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hua Yu
- Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica, 128 Academic Road, Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Bo Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Baoshan, Shanghai 200444, China
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10
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Hsine Z, Bizid S, Mlika R, Sauriat-Dorizon H, Haj Said A, Korri-Youssoufi H. Nanocomposite based on Poly (para-phenylene)/Chemical Reduced Graphene Oxide as a Platform for Simultaneous Detection of Ascorbic Acid, Dopamine and Uric Acid. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E1256. [PMID: 32106578 PMCID: PMC7085538 DOI: 10.3390/s20051256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an efficient and simple designed nanohybrid created for individual and simultaneous detection of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). This nanohybrid is a combination of reduced graphene oxide (CRGO) and redox poly(para-phenylene) (Fc-ac-PP) modified in a lateral position with ferrrocenyl group CRGO/Fc-ac-PPP. The CRGO/Fc-ac-PPP nanohybrid demonstrated a synergistic effect resulting in a large conductivity, surface area and catalytic properties provided by the redox attached ferrocene. Moreover, this nanocomposite is able to detect individually as well as simultaneously AA, DA and UA in a co-existence system with defined and separated redox peaks oxidation. The linear response ranges for AA, DA and UA, when detected simultaneously, are 0.1-10000 μM, 0.0001-1000 μM and 0.1-10000 μM, respectively, and the detection limits (S/N = 3) are 0.046 μM, 0.2 nM and 0.013 μM, respectively. The proposed sensor shown satisfactory results when applied to real spiked urine samples for measuring the abnormal high or lowconcentration of AA, DA and UA in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zouhour Hsine
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), Equipe de Chimie Biorganique et Bioinorganique (ECBB), Bât 420, 2 Rue du Doyen Georges Poitou, 91400 Orsay, France; (Z.H.); (H.S.-D.)
- Laboratory of Interfaces and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia; (S.B.); (R.M.); (A.H.S.)
| | - Salma Bizid
- Laboratory of Interfaces and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia; (S.B.); (R.M.); (A.H.S.)
| | - Rym Mlika
- Laboratory of Interfaces and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia; (S.B.); (R.M.); (A.H.S.)
| | - Hélène Sauriat-Dorizon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), Equipe de Chimie Biorganique et Bioinorganique (ECBB), Bât 420, 2 Rue du Doyen Georges Poitou, 91400 Orsay, France; (Z.H.); (H.S.-D.)
| | - Ayoub Haj Said
- Laboratory of Interfaces and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia; (S.B.); (R.M.); (A.H.S.)
| | - Hafsa Korri-Youssoufi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), Equipe de Chimie Biorganique et Bioinorganique (ECBB), Bât 420, 2 Rue du Doyen Georges Poitou, 91400 Orsay, France; (Z.H.); (H.S.-D.)
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11
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Abstract
Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) at carbon-fiber microelectrodes (CFMEs) is a versatile electrochemical technique to probe neurochemical dynamics in vivo. Progress in FSCV methodology continues to address analytical challenges arising from biological needs to measure low concentrations of neurotransmitters at specific sites. This review summarizes recent advances in FSCV method development in three areas: (1) waveform optimization, (2) electrode development, and (3) data analysis. First, FSCV waveform parameters such as holding potential, switching potential, and scan rate have been optimized to monitor new neurochemicals. The new waveform shapes introduce better selectivity toward specific molecules such as serotonin, histamine, hydrogen peroxide, octopamine, adenosine, guanosine, and neuropeptides. Second, CFMEs have been modified with nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes or replaced with conducting polymers to enhance sensitivity, selectivity, and antifouling properties. Different geometries can be obtained by 3D-printing, manufacturing arrays, or fabricating carbon nanopipettes. Third, data analysis is important to sort through the thousands of CVs obtained. Recent developments in data analysis include preprocessing by digital filtering, principal components analysis for distinguishing analytes, and developing automated algorithms to detect peaks. Future challenges include multisite measurements, machine learning, and integration with other techniques. Advances in FSCV will accelerate research in neurochemistry to answer new biological questions about dynamics of signaling in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pumidech Puthongkham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
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12
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Kamal Eddin FB, Wing Fen Y. Recent Advances in Electrochemical and Optical Sensing of Dopamine. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E1039. [PMID: 32075167 PMCID: PMC7071053 DOI: 10.3390/s20041039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, several neurological disorders and neurocrine tumours are associated with dopamine (DA) concentrations in various biological fluids. Highly accurate and ultrasensitive detection of DA levels in different biological samples in real-time can change and improve the quality of a patient's life in addition to reducing the treatment cost. Therefore, the design and development of diagnostic tool for in vivo and in vitro monitoring of DA is of considerable clinical and pharmacological importance. In recent decades, a large number of techniques have been established for DA detection, including chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, spectroscopic approaches, and electrochemical (EC) methods. These methods are effective, but most of them still have some drawbacks such as consuming time, effort, and money. Added to that, sometimes they need complex procedures to obtain good sensitivity and suffer from low selectivity due to interference from other biological species such as uric acid (UA) and ascorbic acid (AA). Advanced materials can offer remarkable opportunities to overcome drawbacks in conventional DA sensors. This review aims to explain challenges related to DA detection using different techniques, and to summarize and highlight recent advancements in materials used and approaches applied for several sensor surface modification for the monitoring of DA. Also, it focuses on the analytical features of the EC and optical-based sensing techniques available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faten Bashar Kamal Eddin
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Yap Wing Fen
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Functional Devices Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia
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13
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Wang Q, Sun H, Liu Q, Li L, Kong J. Electrodeposition of Three‐Dimensional Network Nanostructure PEDOT/PANI for Simultaneous Voltammetric Detection of Ascorbic Acid, Dopamine and Uric Acid. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiangwei Wang
- School of Environmental and Biological EngineeringNanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 China
| | - Haobo Sun
- School of Environmental and Biological EngineeringNanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 China
| | - Qianrui Liu
- School of Environmental and Biological EngineeringNanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 China
| | - Lianzhi Li
- School of chemistry and chemical EngineeringLiaocheng University Liaocheng 252095 P. R. China
| | - Jinming Kong
- School of Environmental and Biological EngineeringNanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 China
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14
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Hai W, Pu S, Wang X, Bao L, Han N, Duan L, Liu J, Goda T, Wu W. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Bearing Pyridylboronic Acid Group for Specific Recognition of Sialic Acid. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:546-553. [PMID: 31849232 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conducting polymers tethered with molecular recognition elements are good candidates for biosensing applications such as detecting a target molecule with selectivity. We develop a new monomer, namely, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene bearing a pyridylboronic acid moiety (EDOT-PyBA), for label-free detection of sialic acid as a cancer biomarker. PyBA, which is known to show specific binding to sialic acid in acid conditions is used as a synthetic ligand instead of lectins. PyBA confirms the enhanced binding affinity for sialic acid at pH 5.0-6.0 compared with traditional phenylboronic acid. Poly(EDOT-PyBA) is electrodeposited on a planar glassy carbon electrode and the obtained film is successfully characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, water contact angle measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The specific interaction of PyBA with sialic acid at the solution/electrode interface is detected by differential pulse voltammetry in a dynamic range 0.1-3.0 mM with a detection limit of 0.1 mM for a detection time of 3 min. The sensitivity covers the total level of free sialic acid in human serum and the assay time is the shorter than that of other methods. The poly(EDOT-PyBA) electrode successfully detects spiked sialic acid in human serum samples. Owing to its processability, mass productivity, and robustness, polythiophene conjugated with "boronolectin" is a candidate material for developing point-of-care and wearable biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tatsuro Goda
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering , Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda , Tokyo 101-0062 , Japan
| | - Wenming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Chuangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130033 , China
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15
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Annalakshmi M, Kumaravel S, Chen SM, Chen TW. FeMn layered double hydroxides: an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for real-time tracking of cysteine in whole blood and dopamine in biological samples. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:8249-8260. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01324b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A peculiar clock-regulated design of FeMn-LDHs (FMH) with specific physiochemical attributes has been developed and used for highly sensitive detection of cysteine (CySH) and dopamine (DA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthaiah Annalakshmi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei 106
- Republic of China
| | - Sakthivel Kumaravel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei 106
- Republic of China
- Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering
| | - Shen-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei 106
- Republic of China
| | - Tse-Wei Chen
- Department of Materials
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
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16
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Wester N, Mynttinen E, Etula J, Lilius T, Kalso E, Kauppinen EI, Laurila T, Koskinen J. Simultaneous Detection of Morphine and Codeine in the Presence of Ascorbic Acid and Uric Acid and in Human Plasma at Nafion Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Thin-Film Electrode. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:17726-17734. [PMID: 31681878 PMCID: PMC6822113 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In clinical settings, the dosing and differential diagnosis of the poisoning of morphine (MO) and codeine (CO) is challenging due to interindividual variations in metabolism. However, direct electrochemical detection of these analytes from biological matrices is inherently challenging due to interference from large concentrations of anions, such as ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA), as well as fouling of the electrode by proteins. In this work, a disposable Nafion-coated single-walled carbon nanotube network (SWCNT) electrode was developed. We show facile electron transfer and efficient charge separation between the interfering anions and positively charged MO and CO, as well as significantly reduced matrix effect in human plasma. The Nafion coating alters the voltammetric response of MO and CO, enabling simultaneous detection. With this SWCNT/Nafion electrode, two linear ranges of 0.05-1 and 1-10 μM were found for MO and one linear range of 0.1-50 μM for CO. Moreover, the selective and simultaneous detection of MO and CO was achieved in large excess of AA and UA, as well as, for the first time, in unprocessed human plasma. The favorable properties of this electrode enabled measurements in plasma with only mild dilution and without the precipitation of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Wester
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- E-mail:
| | - Elsi Mynttinen
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Tietotie 3, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Jarkko Etula
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Tuomas Lilius
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, University of
Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Tukholmankatu 8C, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eija Kalso
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Pain
Clinic, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 2A, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esko I. Kauppinen
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University School
of Science, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Tomi Laurila
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Tietotie 3, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Jari Koskinen
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto
University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
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17
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Meng L, Turner APF, Mak WC. Modulating Electrode Kinetics for Discrimination of Dopamine by a PEDOT:COOH Interface Doped with Negatively Charged Tricarboxylate. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:34497-34506. [PMID: 31449380 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The rapidly developing field of conducting polymers in organic electronics has many implications for bioelectronics. For biosensing applications, tailoring the functionalities of the conducting polymer's surface is an efficient approach to improve both sensitivity and selectivity. Here, we demonstrated a facile and economic approach for the fabrication of a high-density, negatively charged carboxylic-acid-group-functionalized PEDOT (PEDOT:COOH) using an inexpensive ternary carboxylic acid, citrate, as a dopant. The polymerization efficiency was significantly improved by the addition of LiClO4 as a supporting electrolyte yielding a dense PEDOT:COOH sensing interface. The resulting PEDOT:COOH interface had a high surface density of carboxylic acid groups of 0.129 μmol/cm2 as quantified by the toluidine blue O (TBO) staining technique. The dopamine response measured with the PEDOT:COOH sensing interface was characterized by cyclic voltammetry with a significantly reduced ΔEp of 90 mV and a 3-fold increase in the Ipa value compared with those of the nonfunctionalized PEDOT sensing interface. Moreover, the cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results demonstrated the increased electrode kinetics and highly selective discrimination of dopamine (DA) in the presence of the interferents ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA), which resulted from the introduction of negatively charged carboxylic acid groups. The negatively charged carboxylic acid groups could favor the transfer, preconcentration, and permeation of positively charged DA to deliver improved sensing performance while repelling the negatively charged AA and UA interferents. The PEDOT:COOH interface facilitated measurement of dopamine over the range of 1-85 μM, with a sensitivity of 0.228 μA μM-1, which is 4.1 times higher than that of a nonfunctionalized PEDOT electrode (0.055 μA μM-1). Our results demonstrate the feasibility of a simple and economic fabrication of a high-density PEDOT:COOH interface for chemical sensing, which also has the potential for coupling with other biorecognition molecules via carboxylic acid moieties for the development of a range of advanced PEDOT-based biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyin Meng
- Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre, Division of Sensor and Actuator Systems, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology , Linköping University , SE-581 83 Linköping , Sweden
| | - Anthony P F Turner
- Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre, Division of Sensor and Actuator Systems, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology , Linköping University , SE-581 83 Linköping , Sweden
| | - Wing Cheung Mak
- Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre, Division of Sensor and Actuator Systems, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology , Linköping University , SE-581 83 Linköping , Sweden
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18
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Wu JG, Chen JH, Liu KT, Luo SC. Engineering Antifouling Conducting Polymers for Modern Biomedical Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:21294-21307. [PMID: 31120722 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Conducting polymers are considered to be favorable electrode materials for implanted biosensors and bioelectronics, because their mechanical properties are similar to those of biological tissues such as nerve and brain tissues. However, one of the primary challenges for implanted devices is to prevent the unwanted protein adhesion or cell binding within biological fluids. The nonspecific adsorption generally causes the malfunction of implanted devices, which is problematic for long-term applications. When responding to the requirements of solving the problems caused by nonspecific adsorption, an increasing number of studies on antifouling conducting polymers has been recently published. In this review, synthetic strategies for preparing antifouling conducting polymers, including direct synthesis of functional monomers and post-functionalization, are introduced. The applications of antifouling conducting polymers in modern biomedical applications are particularly highlighted. This paper presents focuses on the features of antifouling conducting polymers and the challenges of modern biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhih-Guang Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Jie-Hao Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ting Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Chyang Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
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19
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Ayalew H, Wang TL, Yu HH. Deprotonation-Induced Conductivity Shift of Polyethylenedioxythiophenes in Aqueous Solutions: The Effects of Side-Chain Length and Polymer Composition. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E659. [PMID: 30974910 PMCID: PMC6523877 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Deprotonation-induced conductivity shift of poly(3,4-ethylenedixoythiophene)s (PEDOTs) in aqueous solutions is a promising platform for chemical or biological sensor due to its large signal output and minimum effect from material morphology. Carboxylic acid group functionalized poly(Cn-EDOT-COOH)s are synthesized and electrodeposited on microelectrodes. The microelectrodes are utilized to study the effect of carboxylic acid side-chain length on the conductivity curve profiles in aqueous buffer with different pH. The conductivity shifts due to the buffer pH are effected by the length of the carboxylic acid side-chains. The shifts can be explained by the carboxylic acid dissociation property (pKa) at the solid-liquid interface, self-doping effect, and effective conjugation length. Conductivity profiles of poly(EDOT-OH-co-C₂-EDOT-COOH) copolymers are also studied. The shifts show linear relationship with the feed monomer composition used in electrochemical polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailemichael Ayalew
- Smart Organic Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology (SCST), Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - Tian-Lin Wang
- Smart Organic Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiao-Hua Yu
- Smart Organic Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology (SCST), Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
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20
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Yang C, Hu K, Wang D, Zubi Y, Lee ST, Puthongkham P, Mirkin MV, Venton BJ. Cavity Carbon-Nanopipette Electrodes for Dopamine Detection. Anal Chem 2019; 91:4618-4624. [PMID: 30810304 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Microelectrodes are typically used for neurotransmitter detection, but nanoelectrodes are not because there is a trade-off between spatial resolution and sensitivity that is dependent on surface area. Cavity carbon-nanopipette electrodes (CNPEs), with tip diameters of a few hundred nanometers, have been developed for nanoscale electrochemistry. Here, we characterize the electrochemical performance of CNPEs with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) for the first time. Dopamine detection using cavity CNPEs, with a depth equivalent to a few radii, is compared with that using open-tube CNPEs, an essentially infinite geometry. Open-tube CNPEs have very slow temporal responses that change over time as the liquid rises in the CNPE. However, a cavity CNPE has a fast temporal response to a bolus of dopamine that is not different from that of a traditional carbon-fiber microelectrode. Cavity CNPEs, with tip diameters of 200-400 nm, have high currents because the small cavity traps and increases the local dopamine concentration. The trapping also leads to an FSCV frequency-independent response and the appearance of cyclization peaks that are normally observed only with large concentrations of dopamine. CNPEs have high dopamine selectivity over ascorbic acid (AA) because of the repulsion of AA by the negative electric field at the holding potential and the irreversible redox reaction. In mouse-brain slices, cavity CNPEs detected exogenously applied dopamine, showing they do not clog in tissue. Thus, cavity CNPEs are promising neurochemical sensors that provide spatial resolution on the scale of hundreds of nanometers, which is useful for small model organisms or for locations near specific cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , Virginia 22904 , United States
| | - Keke Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Queens College-CUNY , Flushing , New York 11367 , United States.,The Graduate Center of the City University of New York , New York , New York 10016 , United States
| | - Dengchao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Queens College-CUNY , Flushing , New York 11367 , United States
| | - Yasmine Zubi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , Virginia 22904 , United States
| | - Scott T Lee
- Department of Chemistry , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , Virginia 22904 , United States
| | - Pumidech Puthongkham
- Department of Chemistry , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , Virginia 22904 , United States
| | - Michael V Mirkin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Queens College-CUNY , Flushing , New York 11367 , United States.,The Graduate Center of the City University of New York , New York , New York 10016 , United States
| | - B Jill Venton
- Department of Chemistry , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , Virginia 22904 , United States
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21
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Attar AM, Richardson MB, Speciale G, Majumdar S, Dyer RP, Sanders EC, Penner RM, Weiss GA. Electrochemical Quantification of Glycated and Non-glycated Human Serum Albumin in Synthetic Urine. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:4757-4765. [PMID: 30668098 PMCID: PMC6571116 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A polymer-based electrode capable of specific detection of human serum albumin, and its glycated derivatives, is described. The sensor is constructed from a glass microscope slide coated with a synthesized, polythiophene film bearing a protected, iminodiacetic acid motif. The electrode surface is then further elaborated to a functional biosensor through deprotection of the iminodiacetic acid, followed by metal-affinity immobilization of a specific and high-affinity, albumin ligand. Albumin was then quantified in buffer and synthetic urine via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Glycated albumin was next bound to a boronic acid-modified, single-cysteine dihydrofolate reductase variant to quantify glycation ratios by square-wave voltammetry. The platform offers high sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility in an inexpensive arrangement. The detection limits exceed the requirements for intermediate-term glycemic control monitoring in diabetes patients at 5 and 1 nM for albumin and its glycated forms, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha M. Attar
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2015 USA
| | - Mark B. Richardson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2015 USA
| | - Gaetano Speciale
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2015 USA
| | - Sudipta Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2015 USA
| | - Rebekah P. Dyer
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Emily C. Sanders
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2015 USA
| | - Reginald M. Penner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2015 USA
- Corresponding Authors: Phone: 949-824-5566. Phone: 949-824-8572
| | - Gregory A. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2015 USA
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine CA 92697 USA
- Corresponding Authors: Phone: 949-824-5566. Phone: 949-824-8572
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22
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Chen Y, Luo SC. Synergistic Effects of Ions and Surface Potentials on Antifouling Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): Comparison of Oligo(Ethylene Glycol) and Phosphorylcholine. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:1199-1210. [PMID: 30089366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
For electrified surfaces, ions and applied potentials play major roles in controlling the surface properties. Antifouling materials such as poly(ethylene glycol) and zwitterionic polymers that resist nonspecific protein binding and cell adhesion play a key role in various biomedical applications. In this study, we investigated and compared the antifouling properties of conducting polymers grafted with oligo(ethylene glycol) groups and phosphorylcholine (PC) groups in the presence of different anions and applied potentials. Considerable effort has been made to illustrate the different effects of manipulating the antifouling properties of these two surfaces. We prepared polymer films by applying electropolymerization to two functionalized (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polymers containing triethylene glycol and PC groups, respectively. A quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) was employed to characterize the negatively charged bovine serum albumin and positively charged lysozyme adsorption as a function of ionic concentration in the presence of various Hofmeister anions. The frequency changes corresponded to the protein or ion adsorption/desorption behavior on the surface. The anions adsorbed on polymer films to effectively enhance the hydration layer of the polymer surface and reduce nonspecific protein binding. We further integrated a potentiostat with the QCM-D to control the protein adsorption/desorption behaviors by applying potentials, and we conducted an electrochemical QCM-D study. Most importantly, with the synergistic effect of ions and surface potential, a nearly fresh polymer surface was regenerated. This study describes principles to maintain and regenerate the antifouling properties of electrified surfaces, which are critical for implanted bioelectronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Chyang Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
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23
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Cao Q, Puthongkham P, Venton BJ. Review: New insights into optimizing chemical and 3D surface structures of carbon electrodes for neurotransmitter detection. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2019; 11:247-261. [PMID: 30740148 PMCID: PMC6366673 DOI: 10.1039/c8ay02472c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The carbon-fiber microelectrode has been used for decades as a neurotransmitter sensor. Recently, new strategies have been developed for making carbon electrodes, including using carbon nanomaterials or pyrolyzing photoresist etched by nanolithography or 3D printing. This review summarizes how chemical and 3D surface structures of new carbon electrodes are optimized for neurotransmitter detection. There are effects of the chemical structure that are advantageous and nanomaterials are used ranging from carbon nanotube (CNT) to graphene to nanodiamond. Functionalization of these materials promotes surface oxide groups that adsorb dopamine and dopants introduce defect sites good for electron transfer. Polymer coatings such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) or Nafion also enhance the selectivity, particularly for dopamine over ascorbic acid. Changing the 3D surface structure of an electrode increases current by adding more surface area. If the surface structure has roughness or pores on the micron scale, the electrode also acts as a thin layer cell, momentarily trapping the analyte for redox cycling. Vertically-aligned CNTs as well as lithographically-made or 3D printed pillar arrays act as thin layer cells, producing more reversible cyclic voltammograms. A better understanding of how chemical and surface structure affects electrochemistry enables rational design of electrodes. New carbon electrodes are being tested in vivo and strategies to reduce biofouling are being developed. Future studies should test the robustness for long term implantation, explore electrochemical properties of neurotransmitters beyond dopamine, and combine optimized chemical and physical structures for real-time monitoring of neurotransmitters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - B. Jill Venton
- Dept. of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901
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24
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Tsai MH, Lin YK, Luo SC. Electrochemical SERS for in Situ Monitoring the Redox States of PEDOT and Its Potential Application in Oxidant Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:1402-1410. [PMID: 30562457 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In response to recent developments for applying conducting polymers on various biomedical applications, the development of characterization techniques for evaluating the states of conducting polymers in liquids is beneficial to the applications of these materials. In this study, we propose a platform using electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman scattering (EC-SERS) technology, which allows a direct measurement of the redox states of conducing polymers in liquids. A thiophene-based conducting polymer, hydroxymethyl poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) or poly(EDOT-OH), was used to demonstrate this concept. Poly(EDOT-OH) films were coated on Au nanoparticle-coated ITO glass as SERS-active substrates. Taking the advantage of Raman enhancement, we can in situ and clearly monitor the redox behavior of poly(EDOT-OH) in aqueous solutions. The Raman peak intensity decreases as the poly(EDOT-OH) film is oxidized. Furthermore, we demonstrated our idea to utilize this phenomenon as the sensing mechanism for oxidant detection. The Raman intensity of conducting polymers reduces faster when oxidants exist, and we obtain a quantitative analysis for the detection of oxidants. Moreover, the oxidized poly(EDOT-OH) films can be reused for detection of oxidants simply by applying a reduction potential to activate the poly(EDOT-OH) films. The film stability was also confirmed, and the detection of two other oxidants, namely ammonium persulfate and iron chloride, were also demonstrated. The results show different SERS spectra of poly(EDOT-OH) films oxidized by using different oxidants. Besides, the oxidized films can be easily recovered simply by applying a cathodic potential, which allows repeating usage and makes it possible for continuous monitoring applications. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to apply PEDOT's Raman feature for detection purposes.
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25
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Hu F, Xu J, Chen Y. Sensing ultra-trace dopamine by restoration of fluorescence on locally acidified gold nanoparticles. Analyst 2019; 144:4477-4482. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an00712a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An ultra-sensitive sensor was fabricated to measure dopamine through quenching and restoring FITC fluorescence by the competitive binding of dopamine andN-acetylneuraminic acid with mercaptophenylboronic acid anchored on the gold nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feichi Hu
- A Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Jiying Xu
- A Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Yi Chen
- A Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
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26
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Huang PC, Shen MY, Yu HH, Wei SC, Luo SC. Surface Engineering of Phenylboronic Acid-Functionalized Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) for Fast Responsive and Sensitive Glucose Monitoring. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chun Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Mo-Yuan Shen
- Smart Organic Material Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-hua Yu
- Smart Organic Material Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chen Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, No.1 Jen Ai Road, Section 1, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Chyang Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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27
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K C TB, Tada S, Zhu L, Uzawa T, Minagawa N, Luo SC, Zhao H, Yu HH, Aigaki T, Ito Y. In vitro selection of electrochemical peptide probes using bioorthogonal tRNA for influenza virus detection. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5201-5204. [PMID: 29718049 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01775a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An electrosensitive peptide probe has been developed from an in vitro selection technique using biorthogonal tRNA prepared with an electroreactive non-natural amino acid, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-conjugated aminophenylalanine. The selected probe quantitatively detected the influenza virus based on a signal "turn-on" mechanism. The developed strategy could be used to develop electrochemical biosensors toward a variety of targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Bahadur K C
- Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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Wang W, Jayachandran S, Li M, Xu S, Luo X. Hyaluronic acid functionalized nanostructured sensing interface for voltammetric determination of microRNA in biological media with ultra-high sensitivity and ultra-low fouling. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:156. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2694-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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29
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Shen MY, Huang TY, Luo CH, Huang YC, Tsai YH, Wang TL, Yu HH. Inexpensive Synthesis of Poly(Ethylenedioxythiophene-Sulfobetaine) Films with High Bio-Antifouling Ability. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201700437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mo-Yuan Shen
- Smart Organic Material Laboratory; Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang; Taipei 115 Republic of China
| | - Tzu-Yang Huang
- Smart Organic Material Laboratory; Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang; Taipei 115 Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hao Luo
- Smart Organic Material Laboratory; Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang; Taipei 115 Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chun Huang
- Smart Organic Material Laboratory; Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang; Taipei 115 Republic of China
| | - Yu-Han Tsai
- Smart Organic Material Laboratory; Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang; Taipei 115 Republic of China
| | - Tian-Lin Wang
- Smart Organic Material Laboratory; Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang; Taipei 115 Republic of China
| | - Hsiao-hua Yu
- Smart Organic Material Laboratory; Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang; Taipei 115 Republic of China
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30
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Wu JG, Wei SC, Chen Y, Chen JH, Luo SC. Critical Study of the Recognition between C-Reactive Protein and Surface-Immobilized Phosphorylcholine by Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:943-951. [PMID: 29120646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP), a biomarker for cardiovascular disease, has been reported to have a strong affinity to zwitterionic phosphorylcholine (PC) groups in the presence of calcium ions. In addition, PC-immobilized surfaces have been used as a nonfouling coating to prevent nonspecific protein binding. By appropriately using the features of PC-immobilized surfaces, including specific recognition to CRP and nonfouling surface, it is reasonable to create an antibody-free biosensor for the specific capture of CRP. In this study, PC-functionalized 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomers were used to prepare PC-immobilized surfaces. The density of PC groups on the surface can be fine-tuned by changing the composition of the monomer solutions for the electropolymerization. The density of PC group was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The specific interaction of CRP with PC groups was monitored by using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D). The amount of protein binding could be estimated by the reduction in frequency readout. Through the QCM-D measurement, we revealed the nonfouling property and the specific CRP capture from our PC-immobilized surfaces. Notably, the dissipation energy also dropped during the binding process between CRP and PC, indicating the release of water molecules from the PC groups during CRP adsorption. We anticipate that surface-bound water molecules are mainly released from areas near the immobilized PC groups. Based on Hofmeister series, we further examined the influence of ions by introducing four different anions including both kosmotrope (order maker) and chaotrope (disorder maker) into the buffer for the CRP binding test. The results showed that the concentration and the type of anions play an important role in CRP binding. The present fundamental study reveals deep insights into the recognition between CRP and surface-immobilized PC groups, which can facilitate the development of CRP sensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhih-Guang Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chen Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine , No. 1 Jen Ai Road, Section 1, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jie-Hao Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Chyang Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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31
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Thirumalai D, Subramani D, Yoon JH, Lee J, Paik HJ, Chang SC. De-bundled single-walled carbon nanotube-modified sensors for simultaneous differential pulse voltammetric determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine, and uric acid. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04371f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
De-bundled SWCNTs modified glassy carbon electrode for the simultaneous differential pulse voltammetric determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine, and uric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinakaran Thirumalai
- Graduate Department of Chemical Materials
- Pusan National University
- Busan 46241
- Republic of Korea
| | - Devaraju Subramani
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Pusan National University
- Busan 46241
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Hee Yoon
- Busan Center
- Korea Basic Science Institute
- Busan 46742
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Lee
- College of Pharmacy
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention
- Pusan National University
- Busan 46241
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-jong Paik
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Pusan National University
- Busan 46241
- Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Cheol Chang
- Institute of Bio-Physio Sensor Technology
- Pusan National University
- Busan 46241
- Republic of Korea
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32
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Luo SC, Thomas JL, Guo HZ, Liao WT, Lee MH, Lin HY. Electrosynthesis of Nanostructured, Imprinted Poly(hydroxymethyl 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) for the Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Detection of Urinary Progesterone. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shyh-Chyang Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National Taiwan University No. 1, Sec. 4; Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National Cheng-Kung University; Tainan 701 Taiwan
| | - James L. Thomas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University of New Mexico; Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
| | - Han-Zhang Guo
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan Department 700; Kaohsiung University Rd., Nan-Tzu District Kaohsiung 811 Taiwan) ectronic
| | - Wei-Tang Liao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National Cheng-Kung University; Tainan 701 Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; I-Shou University; Kaohsiung 840 Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yin Lin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan Department 700; Kaohsiung University Rd., Nan-Tzu District Kaohsiung 811 Taiwan) ectronic
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33
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A novel sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate modified expanded graphite paste electrode for sensitive and selective determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid and uric acid. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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34
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Yang C, Wang Y, Jacobs CB, Ivanov IN, Venton BJ. O 2 Plasma Etching and Antistatic Gun Surface Modifications for CNT Yarn Microelectrode Improve Sensitivity and Antifouling Properties. Anal Chem 2017; 89:5605-5611. [PMID: 28423892 PMCID: PMC5575992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube (CNT) based microelectrodes exhibit rapid and selective detection of neurotransmitters. While different fabrication strategies and geometries of CNT microelectrodes have been characterized, relatively little research has investigated ways to selectively enhance their electrochemical properties. In this work, we introduce two simple, reproducible, low-cost, and efficient surface modification methods for carbon nanotube yarn microelectrodes (CNTYMEs): O2 plasma etching and antistatic gun treatment. O2 plasma etching was performed by a microwave plasma system with oxygen gas flow and the optimized time for treatment was 1 min. The antistatic gun treatment flows ions by the electrode surface; two triggers of the antistatic gun was the optimized number on the CNTYME surface. Current for dopamine at CNTYMEs increased 3-fold after O2 plasma etching and 4-fold after antistatic gun treatment. When the two treatments were combined, the current increased 12-fold, showing the two effects are due to independent mechanisms that tune the surface properties. O2 plasma etching increased the sensitivity due to increased surface oxygen content but did not affect surface roughness while the antistatic gun treatment increased surface roughness but not oxygen content. The effect of tissue fouling on CNT yarns was studied for the first time, and the relatively hydrophilic surface after O2 plasma etching provided better resistance to fouling than unmodified or antistatic gun treated CNTYMEs. Overall, O2 plasma etching and antistatic gun treatment improve the sensitivity of CNTYMEs by different mechanisms, providing the possibility to tune the CNTYME surface and enhance sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904
| | - Christopher B. Jacobs
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States
| | - Ilia N. Ivanov
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States
| | - B. Jill Venton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904
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35
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Jiang K, Wang Y, Thakur G, Kotsuchibashi Y, Naicker S, Narain R, Thundat T. Rapid and Highly Sensitive Detection of Dopamine Using Conjugated Oxaborole-Based Polymer and Glycopolymer Systems. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:15225-15231. [PMID: 28437064 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A conjugated polymer interface consisting of an oxaborole containing polymer and a glycopolymer was used for achieving very high selectivity in dopamine (DA) detection. The optimum binding affinity between the polymers promotes the selectivity to DA through a displacement mechanism while remaining unaffected by other structurally related analogs and saccharide derivatives. Real-time detection of DA with very high selectivity and sensitivity has been demonstrated by immobilizing the polymer conjugates on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and microcantilever (MCL) sensor platforms. Using the conjugated polymer sensing layer, the SPR biosensor was capable of detecting DA in the concentration range of 1 × 10-9 to 1 × 10-4 mol L-1, whereas the MCL sensor showed a limit of detection (LOD) of 5 × 10-11 mol L-1. We find that the sensing mechanism is based on DA-induced reversible swelling of the conjugated polymer layer and this allows regeneration and reuse of the sensor multiple times. Also, we conclude that SPR is a suitable sensor platform for DA in-line detection at clinical level considering the detection time and stability, whereas MCL can achieve a much lower LOD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Jiang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2 V4, Canada
| | - Yinan Wang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2 V4, Canada
| | - Garima Thakur
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2 V4, Canada
| | - Yohei Kotsuchibashi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2 V4, Canada
| | - Selvaraj Naicker
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2 V4, Canada
| | - Ravin Narain
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2 V4, Canada
| | - Thomas Thundat
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2 V4, Canada
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36
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Jin H, Gui R, Yu J, Lv W, Wang Z. Fabrication strategies, sensing modes and analytical applications of ratiometric electrochemical biosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 91:523-537. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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37
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Hai W, Goda T, Takeuchi H, Yamaoka S, Horiguchi Y, Matsumoto A, Miyahara Y. Specific Recognition of Human Influenza Virus with PEDOT Bearing Sialic Acid-Terminated Trisaccharides. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:14162-14170. [PMID: 28379685 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b02523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Conducting polymers are good candidates for biosensor applications when molecular recognition element is imparted. We developed trisaccharide-grafted conducting polymers for label-free detection of the human influenza A virus (H1N1) with high sensitivity and specificity. A 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) derivative bearing an oxylamine moiety was electrochemically copolymerized with EDOT. The obtained film was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, stylus surface profilometer, and AC-impedance spectroscopy. The trisaccharides comprising Sia-α2,6'-Gal-Glu (2,6-sialyllactose) or Sia-α2,3'-Gal-Glu (2,3-sialyllactose) were covalently introduced to the side chain of the conducting polymers as a ligand for viral recognition. Immobilization of sialyllactose was confirmed by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and water contact angle measurements. Specific interaction of 2,6-sialyllactose with hemagglutinin in the envelope of the human influenza A virus (H1N1) was detected by QCM and potentiometry with enhanced sensitivity by 2 orders of magnitude when compared with that of commercially available kits. The developed conducting polymers possessing specific virus recognition are a good candidate material for wearable monitoring and point-of-care testing because of their processability and mass productivity in combination with printing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Hai
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Goda
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takeuchi
- Department of Molecular Virology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) , 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Shoji Yamaoka
- Department of Molecular Virology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) , 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yukichi Horiguchi
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Akira Matsumoto
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyahara
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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38
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Sandoval-Rojas AP, Ibarra L, Cortés MT, Hurtado M, Macías M, Hurtado JJ. Synthesis and characterization of a new copper(II) polymer containing a thiocyanate bridge and its application in dopamine detection. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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39
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Wu JG, Lee CY, Wu SS, Luo SC. Ionic Liquid-Assisted Electropolymerization for Lithographical Perfluorocarbon Deposition and Hydrophobic Patterning. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:22688-22695. [PMID: 27509480 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b07578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We developed a novel approach for hydrophobic patterning: combining the photolithography technique with ionic-liquid (IL)-based electropolymerization to fabricate a hydrophobic pattern. Perfluoro-functionalized 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT-F) dispersed in ILs was directly electropolymerized on substrates, which were patterned in advance with positive photoresists. The positive photoresists did not dissolve in ionic liquids during the electropolymerization process, and the poly(EDOT-F) film created hydrophobic domains, which resulted in hydrophobic patterning. This approach provides desired patterns with a lateral resolution consistent with the mask for photolithography. Two kinds of modified indium-tin-oxide-coated glass (ITO-glass) substrates were used to demonstrate the feasibility of process for creating a hydrophobic pattern: ITO-glass substrates coated with nanostructured PEDOT, and the same substrates coated with Au nanoparticles. By confining water droplets on these two patterned substrates to form droplet arrays, we demonstrated two potential applications: multiple droplet-type electrochemical cells and surface-enhanced Raman scattering platforms. In addition, we also applied this approach to create hydrophobic patterning on ITO-coated polyethylene terephthalate (ITO-PET) substrates. The droplet arrays remained well-organized on the ITO-PET substrates even when the substrates were bent. Our work successfully introduced ILs into the photolithography process, implying great potential for these green solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhih-Guang Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yang Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , 1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Shuo Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , 1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Chyang Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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40
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Hsiao YS, Liao YH, Chen HL, Chen P, Chen FC. Organic Photovoltaics and Bioelectrodes Providing Electrical Stimulation for PC12 Cell Differentiation and Neurite Outgrowth. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:9275-9284. [PMID: 26999636 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Current bioelectronic medicines for neurological therapies generally involve treatment with a bioelectronic system comprising a power supply unit and a bioelectrode device. Further integration of wireless and self-powered units is of practical importance for implantable bioelectronics. In this study, we developed biocompatible organic photovoltaics (OPVs) for serving as wireless electrical power supply units that can be operated under illumination with near-infrared (NIR) light, and organic bioelectronic interface (OBEI) electrode devices as neural stimulation electrodes. The OPV/OBEI integrated system is capable to provide electrical stimulation (ES) as a means of enhancing neuron-like PC12 cell differentiation and neurite outgrowth. For the OPV design, we prepared devices incorporating two photoactive material systems--β-carotene/N,N'-dioctyl-3,4,9,10-perylenedicarboximide (β-carotene/PTCDI-C8) and poly(3-hexylthiophene)/phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT/PCBM)--that exhibited open circuit voltages of 0.11 and 0.49 V, respectively, under NIR light LED (NLED) illumination. Then, we connected OBEI devices with different electrode gaps, incorporating biocompatible poly(hydroxymethylated-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), to OPVs to precisely tailor the direct current electric field conditions during the culturing of PC12 cells. This NIR light-driven OPV/OBEI system could be engineered to provide tunable control over the electric field (from 220 to 980 mV mm(-1)) to promote 64% enhancement in the neurite length, direct the neurite orientation on chips, or both. The OPV/OBEI integrated systems under NIR illumination appear to function as effective power delivery platforms that should meet the requirements for wirelessly offering medical ES to a portion of the nervous system; they might also be a key technology for the development of next-generation implantable bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Hsiao
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology , 84 Gunjuan Road, Taishan, New Taipei City 243 Taiwan
| | - Yan-Hao Liao
- Department of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University , 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Huan-Lin Chen
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology , 84 Gunjuan Road, Taishan, New Taipei City 243 Taiwan
| | - Peilin Chen
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica , 128 Sec. 2, Academia Road, Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Fang-Chung Chen
- Department of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University , 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
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41
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Yang C, Jacobs C, Nguyen MD, Ganesana M, Zestos AG, Ivanov IN, Puretzky AA, Rouleau CM, Geohegan DB, Venton BJ. Carbon Nanotubes Grown on Metal Microelectrodes for the Detection of Dopamine. Anal Chem 2016; 88:645-52. [PMID: 26639609 PMCID: PMC4718531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Microelectrodes modified with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are useful for the detection of neurotransmitters because the CNTs enhance sensitivity and have electrocatalytic effects. CNTs can be grown on carbon fiber microelectrodes (CFMEs) but the intrinsic electrochemical activity of carbon fibers makes evaluating the effect of CNT enhancement difficult. Metal wires are highly conductive and many metals have no intrinsic electrochemical activity for dopamine, so we investigated CNTs grown on metal wires as microelectrodes for neurotransmitter detection. In this work, we successfully grew CNTs on niobium substrates for the first time. Instead of planar metal surfaces, metal wires with a diameter of only 25 μm were used as CNT substrates; these have potential in tissue applications due to their minimal tissue damage and high spatial resolution. Scanning electron microscopy shows that aligned CNTs are grown on metal wires after chemical vapor deposition. By use of fast-scan cyclic voltammetry, CNT-coated niobium (CNT-Nb) microelectrodes exhibit higher sensitivity and lower ΔEp value compared to CNTs grown on carbon fibers or other metal wires. The limit of detection for dopamine at CNT-Nb microelectrodes is 11 ± 1 nM, which is approximately 2-fold lower than that of bare CFMEs. Adsorption processes were modeled with a Langmuir isotherm, and detection of other neurochemicals was also characterized, including ascorbic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, serotonin, adenosine, and histamine. CNT-Nb microelectrodes were used to monitor stimulated dopamine release in anesthetized rats with high sensitivity. This study demonstrates that CNT-grown metal microelectrodes, especially CNTs grown on Nb microelectrodes, are useful for monitoring neurotransmitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road,
Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319, United States
| | - Christopher
B. Jacobs
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road,
Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319, United States
| | - Michael D. Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road,
Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319, United States
| | - Mallikarjunarao Ganesana
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road,
Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319, United States
| | - Alexander G. Zestos
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road,
Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319, United States
| | - Ilia N. Ivanov
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Building 8610, Oak
Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Alexander A. Puretzky
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Building 8610, Oak
Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Christopher M. Rouleau
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Building 8610, Oak
Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - David B. Geohegan
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Building 8610, Oak
Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - B. Jill Venton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road,
Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319, United States
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