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Roy CP, Karmakar S, Dash J. Synthesis of Phenanthrenes and 1-Hydroxyphenanthrenes via Aromatization-Assisted Ring-Closing Metathesis: toward Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons. J Org Chem 2024; 89:10511-10523. [PMID: 39007427 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
This study presents an efficient synthetic strategy for phenanthrenes and 1-hydroxyphenanthrenes through aromatization-assisted ring-closing metathesis (RCM). It involves vinylation of 1-bromo-2-naphthaldehyde derivatives, Barbier allylation, and subsequent one-pot RCM/dehydration of the diene precursors to yield phenanthrene derivatives. Further, the corresponding keto analogues of diene precursors produce 1-hydroxyphenanthrenes through RCM and aromatization-driven keto-enol tautomerism. This pathway enables rapid access to a diverse array of functionalized phenanthrenes and 1-hydroxyphenanthrenes, including synthetically challenging derivatives containing both -OH and -OMe groups via the sequential construction of the terminal phenanthrene ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Patriot Roy
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Shilpi Karmakar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Jyotirmayee Dash
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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2
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Hao XY, Wang H, Zhang X, Yu J, Wang K, Zhang XH. Introducing Internal Host Component to Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter for Efficient NIR Nondoped Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:28949-28957. [PMID: 38768497 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Developing thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) near-infrared (NIR) organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on nondoped emitting layers is intriguing yet challenging, limited by low exciton utilization and notorious concentration quenching. Herein, a facile strategy is proposed to address this issue by incorporating an internal host component onto a traditional donor (D)-acceptor (A)-type red TADF molecule. A proof-of-concept emitter with an internal host is accordingly developed as well as a control one without an internal host. In the case of their monomer states, both emitters exhibit similar emission spectra due to their identical D-A pairs. However, under nondoped conditions, significant improvement in exciton utilization and quenching-resistant features are observed for the molecule with the internal host. The corresponding nondoped OLED yielded a maximum external quantum efficiency of 2.4%, with NIR emission peaking at 765 nm, which was a nearly 10-fold improvement relative to the efficiency based on the control molecule without an internal host. To the best of our knowledge, this result is on par with those of state-of-the art nondoped NIR TADF OLEDs in a similar emission region. These results offer a feasible pathway for the design and development of high-efficiency NIR nondoped OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yao Hao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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3
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Malinge A, Kumar S, Chen D, Zysman-Colman E, Kéna-Cohen S. Heavy Atom Effect in Halogenated mCP and Its Influence on the Efficiency of the Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence of Dopant Molecules. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2024; 128:1122-1130. [PMID: 38293694 PMCID: PMC10823469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c05567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we explore the impact of halogen functionalization on the photophysical properties of the commonly used organic light-emitting diode (OLED) host material, 1,3-bis(N-carbazolyl)benzene (mCP). Derivatives with different numbers and types of halogen substituents on mCP were synthesized. By measuring steady-state and transient photoluminescence at 6 K, we study the impact of the type, number, and position of the halogens on the intersystem crossing and phosphorescence rates of the compounds. In particular, the functionalization of mCP with 5 bromine atoms results in a significant increase of the intersystem crossing rate by a factor of 300 to a value of (1.5 ± 0.1) × 1010 s-1, and the phosphorescence rate increases by 2 orders of magnitude. We find that the singlet radiative decay rate is not significantly modified in any of the studied compounds. In the second part of the paper, we describe the influence of these compounds on the reverse intersystem crossing of the 7,10-bis(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)-2,3-dicyanopyrazino-phenanthrene (TPA-DCPP), a TADF guest, via the external heavy atom effect. Their use results in an increase of the reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) rate from (8.1 ± 0.8) × 103 s-1 for mCP to (2.7 ± 0.1) × 104 s-1 for mCP with 5 bromine atoms. The effect is even more pronounced for the mCP analogue containing a single iodine atom, which gives a RISC rate of (3.3 ± 0.1) × 104 s-1. Time-dependent DFT calculations reveal the importance of the use of long-range corrected functionals to predict the effect of halogenation on the optical properties of the mCP, and the relativistic approximation (ZORA) is used to provide insight into the strength of the spin-orbit coupling matrix element between the lowest-lying excited singlet and triplet states in the different mCP compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Malinge
- Department
of Engineering Physics, École Polytechnique
de Montréal, PO Box 6079, succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal QC H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Shiv Kumar
- Organic
Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Dongyang Chen
- Organic
Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic
Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Stéphane Kéna-Cohen
- Department
of Engineering Physics, École Polytechnique
de Montréal, PO Box 6079, succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal QC H3C 3A7, Canada
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4
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Yu YJ, Song M, Meng XY, Qu YK, Wang XQ, Chen L, Yang SY, Zhou DY, Jiang ZQ, Liao LS. Design and Synthesis of Red Through-Space Charge Transfer Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters with Donor/Acceptor/Donor Stacking. Org Lett 2023; 25:6024-6028. [PMID: 37552571 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Red through-space charge transfer thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TSCT TADF) materials named SAF36DCPP and SAF27DCPP with sandwiched structures were synthesized. Single crystals indicated that the intramolecular C-H···π interactions play a vital role in rigidifying the sandwiched structure, which results in a fluorescence yield of 63% for SAF36DCPP compared to 40% for SAF27DCPP. Organic light-emitting diodes with SAF36DCPP as the emitter realized a maximum external quantum efficiency of 16.12%.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Jun Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Min Song
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yue Meng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yang-Kun Qu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Qi Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Long Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Yi Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Ying Zhou
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zuo-Quan Jiang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Sheng Liao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
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5
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Wang X, Wang S, Wang J, Yin S. Reverse Designing the Wavelength-Specific Thermally Activation Delayed Fluorescent Molecules Using a Genetic Algorithm Coupled with Cheap QM Methods. J Phys Chem A 2023. [PMID: 37418642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c01714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Genetic algorithm (GA) optimization coupled with the semiempirical intermediate neglect of differential overlap (INDO)/CIS method is presented to inversely design the red thermally activation delayed fluorescent (TADF) molecules. According to the predefined donor-acceptor (DA) library to build an ADn-type TADF candidate, we utilized the chemical notation language SMILES code to generate a TADF molecule and apply the RDKit program to produce the initial 3D molecular structure. A combined fitness function is proposed to evaluate the performance of the functional-lead TADF molecule. The fitness function includes three key parameters, i.e., the emission wavelength, the energy gap (ΔEST) between the lowest singlet (S1)- and triplet (T1)-excited states, and the oscillator strengths for electron transition from S0 and S1. A cheap QM method, i.e., INDO/CIS, on the basis of an xTB-optimized molecular geometry is applied to quickly calculate the fitness function. Finally, the GA approach is utilized to globally search for the wavelength-specific TADF molecules under our predefined DA library, and the optimum 630 nm red and 660 nm deep red TADF molecules are inversely designed according to the evolution of molecular fitness functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubin Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Shiqi Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
| | - Shiwei Yin
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China
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Muthamma K, Gouda BM, Sunil D, Kulkarni SD, P.J. A. Water-based fluorescent flexo-ink for security applications. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-023-02765-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
AbstractUV-readable fluorescent ink formulations find versatile applications in various fields including information encryption, automated identification systems, security markers and optical devices. In this context, a new bithiophene-based chalcone (BTCF) that exhibits good solution phase and solid-state fluorescence was synthesized as a colourant for formulating an eco-friendly UV fluorescent ink. The molecule demonstrated good thermal stability and photophysical features including intramolecular charge transfer, confirmed through emission studies in THF–hexane mixtures with varying hexane content. The intense greenish yellow solid-state fluorescence emission displayed by BTCF was exploited by using it as a colourant in a water-based fluorescent ink formulation. Further, the ink was used to print a fast-drying solid patch on an UV dull paper substrate using flexography technique. The analysis of colorimetric, densitometric and rub resistance properties of the printed paper samples demonstrated good fluorescence, moderate photostability and good rub resistance, and hence could be used for security printing applications.
Graphical abstract
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7
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Kothavale S, Kim SC, Cheong K, Zeng S, Wang Y, Lee JY. Solution-Processed Pure Red TADF Organic Light-Emitting Diodes With High External Quantum Efficiency and Saturated Red Emission Color. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208602. [PMID: 36653735 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In spite of recent research progress in red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters, highly efficient solution-processable pure red TADF emitters are rarely reported. Most of the red TADF emitters reported to date are designed using a rigid acceptor unit which renders them insoluble and unsuitable for solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). To resolve this issue, a novel TADF emitter, 6,7-bis(4-(bis(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)amino)phenyl)-2,3-bis(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)quinoxaline-5,8-dicarbonitrile (tBuTPA-CNQx) is designed and synthesized. The highly twisted donor-acceptor architecture and appropriate highest occupied molecular orbital/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital distribution lead to a very small singlet-triplet energy gap of 0.07 eV, high photoluminescence quantum yield of 92%, and short delayed fluorescence lifetime of 52.4 µs. The peripheral t-butyl phenyl decorated quinoxaline acceptor unit and t-butyl protected triphenylamine donor unit are proven to be useful building blocks to improve solubility and minimize the intermolecular interaction. The solution-processed OLED based on tBuTPA-CNQx achieves a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 16.7% with a pure red emission peak at 662 nm, which is one of the highest EQE values reported till date in the solution-processed pure red TADF OLEDs. Additionally, vacuum-processable OLED based on tBuTPA-CNQx exhibits a high EQE of 22.2% and negligible efficiency roll-off.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantaram Kothavale
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Chan Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiun Cheong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Songkun Zeng
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
| | - Yafei Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yeob Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
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8
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Liu GC, Huang TH, Wang HW, Hsu CH, Chou PT, Hung WY, Wong KT. Exciplex-Forming Cohost Systems with 2,3-Dicyanopyrazinophenanthrene-based Acceptors to Achieve Efficient Near Infrared OLEDs. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203660. [PMID: 36650716 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Two new 2,3-dicyanopyrazinophenanthrene-based acceptors (A) p-QCN and m-QCN were synthesized to blend with a donor (D) CPTBF for the exciplex formation. The energy levels of p-QCN and m-QCN are modulated by the peripheral substituents 4- and 3-benzonitrile, respectively. Exciplex-forming blends were identified by the observation of the red-shifted emissions from various D : A blends with higher ratios of donor for suppressing the aggregation of acceptor. The two-component relaxation processes observed by time-resolved photoluminescence support the thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) character of the exciplex-forming blends. The device employing CPTBF : p-QCN and (2 : 1) and CPTBF : m-QCN (2 : 1) blend as the emitting layer (EML) gave EQEmax of 1.76 % and 5.12 %, and electroluminescence (EL) λmax of 629 nm and 618 nm, respectively. The device efficiency can be further improved to 4.32 % and 5.57 % with CPTBF : p-QCN and (4 : 1) and CPTBF : m-QCN (4 : 1) as the EML, which is consistent with their improved photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs). A new fluorescent emitter BPBBT with photoluminescence (PL) λmax of 726 nm and a high PLQY of 67 % was synthesized and utilized as the dopant of CPTBF : m-QCN (4 : 1) cohost system. The device employing CPTBF : m-QCN (4 : 1): 5 wt.% BPBBT as the EML gave an EQEmax of 5.02 % and EL λmax centered at 735 nm, however, the weak residual exciplex emission remains. By reducing the donor ratio, the exciplex emission can be completely transferred to BPBBT and the corresponding device with CPTBF : m-QCN (2 : 1): 5 wt.% BPBBT as the EML can achieve EL λmax of 743 nm and EQEmax of 4.79 %. This work manifests the high efficiency near infrared (NIR) OLED can be realized by triplet excitons harvesting of exciplex-forming cohost system, followed by the effective energy transfer to an NIR fluorescent dopant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Cheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Huang
- Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hsien Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yi Hung
- Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202, Taiwan
| | - Ken-Tsung Wong
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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Wang H, Chen JX, Fan XC, Cheng YC, Zhou L, Zhang X, Yu J, Wang K, Zhang XH. A TADF Emitter with Dual Para-Positioned Donors Enables OLEDs with Improved Efficiency and CIE Coordinates Close to the Rec. 2020 Red Standard. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:1685-1692. [PMID: 36579770 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Developing red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters concurrently with high efficiency and emission color close to the BT.2020 red standard is an ongoing challenge. Herein, we developed a new red TADF emitter BCN-TPA, in which two identical donors are attached at the para-positions of one fused phenyl ring in the acceptor framework. Such an arrangement mode can lead the donors with an obvious superimposed effect comparing the conventional arrangement with edge-capped donors on the acceptor. Thus, BCN-TPA yields enhanced overall donor strength with numerous superiorities, such as high oscillator strength and narrow singlet-triplet energy difference, thus giving rise to red-shifted emission with improved overall exciton utilization. In an organic light-emitting diode, BCN-TPA presents efficient deep-red electroluminescence with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 27.6% and a peak at 656 nm, corresponding to CIE coordinates of (0.686, 0.304), which are very close to the red primary in the BT.2020 standard. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the topmost efficiencies in the field of deep-red TADF OLEDs. This work exemplifies an easy design principle for constructing high-performance deep-red TADF emitters, providing unique molecular-level insights toward improving color quality and elevating efficiency based on conventional D-A type molecular frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Xiong Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Chun Fan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Chun Cheng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, P. R. China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, P. R. China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, P. R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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10
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Tan JH, Jin JM, Chen WC, Cao C, Wang R, Zhu ZL, Huo Y, Lee CS. The Role of Balancing Carrier Transport in Realizing an Efficient Orange-Red Thermally Activated Delayed-Fluorescence Organic Light-Emitting Diode. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:53120-53128. [PMID: 36379027 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneously realizing improved carrier mobility and good photoluminescence (PL) efficiency in red thermally activated delayed-fluorescence (TADF) emitters remains challenging but important. Herein, two isomeric orange-red TADF emitters, oPDM and pPDM, with the same basic donor-acceptor backbone but a pyrimidine (Pm) attachment at different positions are designed and synthesized. The two emitters show similarly good PL properties, including narrow singlet-triplet energy offsets (0.11 and 0.15 eV) and high photoluminescence quantum yields (ca. 100 and 88%) in doped films. An orange-red organic light-emitting diode (OLED) employing oPDM as an emitter achieves an almost twice as high maximum external quantum efficiency (28.2%) compared with that of a pPDM-based OLED. More balanced carrier-transporting properties are responsible for their contrasting device performances, and the position effect of the Pm substituent leads to significantly distinct molecular packing behaviors in the aggregate states and different carrier mobilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hua Tan
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong000000, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Ming Jin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Cheng Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Cao
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong000000, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifang Wang
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong000000, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Lin Zhu
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong000000, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Huo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Sing Lee
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong000000, SAR, People's Republic of China
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11
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Dicyanopyrazino Phenanthrene based Charge transfer derivatives: Role of amine donor in Tuning of Photophysical, Aggregation-induced emission, Electrochemical and Theoretical properties. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Wang Y, Wu W, Choy KL. The optical spectra of DMAC-based molecules for organic light-emitting diodes: Hybrid-exchange density functional theory study. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2022; 35:e4386. [PMID: 36246346 PMCID: PMC9541038 DOI: 10.1002/poc.4386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) have considerable advantages over the conventional counterpart. Molecular design by simulations is important for the discovery of new material candidate to improve the performance of OLED. Recently, thermally assisted delayed fluorescence OLED based on DMAC (9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine)-related molecules have been found to have superior performance. In this work, a series of first-principles calculations are performed on DMAC-DPS (diphenylsulfone, emission of blue-color light), DMAC-BP (benzophenone, green), DMAC-DCPP (dicyclohexylphosphonium, red), and the newly designed DMAC-BF (enaminone difluoroboron complexes, red) molecules, based on time-dependent density-functional theory, the hybrid-exchange density functional, and the long-range corrected hybrid-exchange density functional. By varying the percentage of Hartree-Fock (HF) exchange in the hybrid-exchange functional, the emission spectra can be over 97% fitted to the experimental results. We found that the fitted proportion of HF will increase as the wavelengths of the molecules decrease (30% for DPS, 20% for BP, and 10% for DCPP). By contrast, the long-range corrected hybrid-exchange density functional can lead to a good estimate on the absorption spectra. In addition, we have also applied our fitting computational procedure to the newly designed molecule. The molecular orbitals involved in the related excited states have also been investigated for these molecules, which show a common charge-transfer characteristic between the acceptor part (DPS/BP/DCPP/BF) and the donor (DMAC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wang
- UCL Institute for Materials DiscoveryUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Wei Wu
- UCL Institute for Materials DiscoveryUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Kwang Leong Choy
- UCL Institute for Materials DiscoveryUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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13
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Zhuo MP, Wang XD, Liao LS. Recent Progress of Novel Organic Near‐Infrared‐Emitting Materials. SMALL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202200029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Peng Zhuo
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Xue-Dong Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Liang-Sheng Liao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa 999078 Macau SAR China
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14
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Liu Y, Yang J, Mao Z, Chen X, Yang Z, Ge X, Peng X, Zhao J, Su SJ, Chi Z. Asymmetric Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter for Highly Efficient Red/Near-Infrared Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:33606-33613. [PMID: 35819262 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Developing highly efficient red/near-infrared thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials is of great importance for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Here, we reported an asymmetric TADF emitter (TCPQ), which exhibits a high reverse intersystem crossing rate as well as a low non-radiative rate due to molecular symmetry breaking through multiple donor substitution. The coexistence of multiple donors endows TCPQ with not only near-infrared emission but also excellent device performances. As for the TCPQ-based OLEDs, the 10 and 20 wt % doped devices exhibit outstanding external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 21.9 and 19.2% with red emission peaks at 612 and 642 nm, respectively. Meanwhile, the non-doped device achieves an EQE of 5.4% with an emission peak at 718 nm, showing near-infrared emission. These device efficiencies are among the best performances of red/near-infrared TADF-OLEDs, demonstrating that the asymmetry design is a potential strategy for constructing long wavelength TADF materials with high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Liu
- PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jiaji Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhu Mao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaojie Chen
- PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhan Yang
- PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiangyu Ge
- PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiaomei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Shi-Jian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhenguo Chi
- PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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15
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Cui Y, Pu Y, Li Z, Liang B, Li C, Wang Y. Structures and Photoluminescence Properties of Bis(aromatic amino)‐Based Isomers with Biphenyl as Bridge. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Yexuan Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Jihua Hengye (Foshan) Electronic Materials Co. Ltd. Foshan 528200 China
| | - Baoyan Liang
- Jihua Hengye (Foshan) Electronic Materials Co. Ltd. Foshan 528200 China
| | - Chenglong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
- Jihua Hengye (Foshan) Electronic Materials Co. Ltd. Foshan 528200 China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
- Jihua Hengye (Foshan) Electronic Materials Co. Ltd. Foshan 528200 China
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16
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He JL, Tang Y, Zhang K, Zhao Y, Lin YC, Hsu CK, Chen CH, Chiu TL, Lee JH, Wang CK, Wu CC, Fan J. An extended π-backbone for highly efficient near-infrared thermally activated delayed fluorescence with enhanced horizontal molecular orientation. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:772-779. [PMID: 34897349 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh01651b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared thermally activated delayed fluorescence (NIR-TADF) materials with emission over 700 nm have been insufficiently investigated mainly due to the limited choice of strong donor/acceptor units for molecular construction and the limited electronic coupling between the donors and acceptors. Herein, a novel D-A1-A2-A3 configuration was developed for the design of a NIR-TADF material (TPA-CN-N4-2PY), in which three types of sub-acceptor units (CN: cyano; N4: dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine; PY: pyridine) were incorporated into a molecular skeleton to reinforce the electron-accepting strength. The attachment of two pyridine units on TPA-CN-N4 produced TPA-CN-N4-2PY with an extended π-backbone, which shifted the electroluminescence (EL) emission into the NIR region and enhanced the horizontal ratio of emitting dipole orientation (Θ//) simultaneously. TPA-CN-N4-2PY-based OLEDs demonstrated a record-high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 21.9% with an emission peak at 712 nm and Θ// = 85% at the doping ratio of 9.0 wt%. On the contrary, the parent compound TPA-CN-N4-based OLEDs at the same doping ratio achieved an EQE of 23.4% at 678 nm with Θ// = 75%. This multiple sub-acceptors approach could enrich the design strategy of the NIR-TADF materials, and the large conjugated system could improve the Θ// for achieving efficient emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Li He
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Yukun Tang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Kai Zhang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, China.
| | - Yue Zhao
- Coordination Chemistry Institute, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu-Ching Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Kai Hsu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Hsun Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Lung Chiu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Haw Lee
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Kui Wang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, China.
| | - Chung-Chih Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Jian Fan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 35002, China
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17
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Zhang M, Dai G, Zheng C, Wang K, Shi Y, Fan X, Lin H, Tao S, Zhang X. New electron-donating segment to develop thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters for efficient solution-processed non-doped organic light-emitting diodes. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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18
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Xiong W, He K, Zhang D, Yang J, Peng M, Niu Z, Li G, Zhu W. Synthesis and optoelectronic properties of a dinuclear iridium (III) complex containing a picolinic acid derivative by nonconjugated linkage with a D-A-D core. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Zhou L, Chen JX, Ji S, Chen WC, Huo Y. Research Progress of Red Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Materials Based on Quinoxaline. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a21120587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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20
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Naveen KR, Prabhu Cp K, Braveenth R, Kwon JH. Molecular Design Strategy for Orange-red Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters in OLEDs. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103532. [PMID: 34918399 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Pure organic molecules based thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have been successfully developed in recent years for their propitious application in highly efficient organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). In case of orange-red emitters, the non-radiative process is known to be a serious issue due to its lower lying singlet energy level. However, recent studies indicate that there are tremendous efforts put to develop efficient orange-red TADF emitters. And the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of heteroaromatic based orange-red TADF OLEDs surpassed 30%. Such heteroaromatic type emitters showed wide emission spectra, therefore more attention is being paid to develop highly efficient orange-red TADF emitters along with good color purity. Herein, we reviewed the recent progress of orange-red TADF emitters based on molecular structures such as cyano benzene, heteroaromatic, naphthalimide, and boron based acceptors. Further, our insight on these acceptors has been provided by their photophysical studies and device performances. Future perspectives of orange-red TADF emitters for real practical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jang Hyuk Kwon
- Kyung Hee University, Department of Information Display, 26 Kyunghee-daero, Dongdaemun-gu, 130-701, Seoul, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
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21
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Exceptionally efficient deep blue anthracene-based luminogens: design, synthesis, photophysical, and electroluminescent mechanisms. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:2090-2098. [PMID: 36654267 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Achieving high-efficiency deep blue emitter with CIEy < 0.06 (CIE, Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage) and external quantum efficiency (EQE) >10% has been a long-standing challenge for traditional fluorescent materials in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Here, we report the rational design and synthesis of two new deep blue luminogens: 4-(10-(4'-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-2,5-dimethyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)anthracen-9-yl)benzonitrile (2M-ph-pCzAnBzt) and 4-(10-(4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-2,5-dimethylphenyl)anthracen-9-yl)benzonitrile (2M-pCzAnBzt). In particular, 2M-ph-pCzAnBzt produces saturated deep blue emissions in a non-doped electroluminescent device with an exceptionally high EQE of 10.44% and CIEx,y (0.151, 0.057). The unprecedented electroluminescent efficiency is attributed to the combined effects of higher-order reversed intersystem crossing and triplet-triplet up-conversion, which are supported by analysis of theoretical calculation, triplet sensitization experiments, as well as nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. This research offers a new approach to resolve the shortage of high efficiency deep blue fluorescent emitters.
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22
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Cai Z, Wu X, Liu H, Guo J, Yang D, Ma D, Zhao Z, Tang BZ. Realizing Record-High Electroluminescence Efficiency of 31.5 % for Red Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23635-23640. [PMID: 34459540 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tailor-made red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules comprised of an electron-withdrawing pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline-2,3-dicarbonitrile core and various electron-donating triarylamines are developed. They can form intramolecular hydrogen-bonding, which is conducive to improving emission efficiency and promoting horizontal orientation and show near infrared (NIR) emissions (692-710 nm) in neat films and red delayed fluorescence (606-630 nm) with high photoluminescence quantum yields (73-90%) in doped films. They prefer horizontal orientation with large horizontal dipole ratios in films, rendering high optical out-coupling factors (0.39-0.41). Their non-doped OLEDs exhibit NIR lights (716-748 nm) with maximum external quantum efficiencies (ηext,max ) of 1.0-1.9%. And their doped OLEDs radiate red lights (606-648 nm) and achieve record-beating ηext,max of up to 31.5%. These new red TADF materials should have great potentials in display and lighting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Dezhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Dongge Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zujin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.,Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China.,AIE Institute, Guangzhou Development District, Huangpu, Guangzhou, 510530, China
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23
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Cai Z, Wu X, Liu H, Guo J, Yang D, Ma D, Zhao Z, Tang BZ. Realizing Record‐High Electroluminescence Efficiency of 31.5 % for Red Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheyi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Xing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Dezhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Dongge Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Zujin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Guangdong 518172 China
- AIE Institute Guangzhou Development District, Huangpu Guangzhou 510530 China
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24
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Li Z, Yang D, Han C, Zhao B, Wang H, Man Y, Ma P, Chang P, Ma D, Xu H. Optimizing Charge Transfer and Out-Coupling of A Quasi-Planar Deep-Red TADF Emitter: towards Rec.2020 Gamut and External Quantum Efficiency beyond 30 . Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14846-14851. [PMID: 33871909 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a deep-red TADF emitter pCNQ-TPA, composed of quinoxaline-5,8-dicarbonitrile (pCNQ) acceptor and triphenylamine (TPA) donor. pCNQ-TPA supported its OLED with desired CIE coordinates of (0.69, 0.31) and the record maximum external quantum efficiency of 30.3 %, which is the best red TADF diode with Rec.2020 gamut for UHDTV. It is showed that through tuning pCNQ-TPA doping concentration, intra- and inter-molecular charge transfer are balanced to synchronously improve emission color saturation and TADF radiation, and remedy aggregation-induced quenching, rendering photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) reaching 90 % for deep-red emission peaked at ≈690 nm. Quasi-planar structure further endows pCNQ-TPA with an improved horizontal ratio of emitting dipole orientation, which increases light out-coupling ratio to 0.34 for achieving the state-of-the-art device efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Dezhi Yang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Chunmiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Bingjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Huiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Yi Man
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Peng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Peng Chang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Dongge Ma
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
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25
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Li Z, Yang D, Han C, Zhao B, Wang H, Man Y, Ma P, Chang P, Ma D, Xu H. Optimizing Charge Transfer and Out‐Coupling of A Quasi‐Planar Deep‐Red TADF Emitter: towards Rec.2020 Gamut and External Quantum Efficiency beyond 30 %. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Dezhi Yang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Chunmiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Bingjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Huiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Yi Man
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Peng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Peng Chang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080 P. R. China
| | - Dongge Ma
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080 P. R. China
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26
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Karthik D, Jung YH, Lee H, Hwang S, Seo BM, Kim JY, Han CW, Kwon JH. Acceptor-Donor-Acceptor-Type Orange-Red Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials Realizing External Quantum Efficiency Over 30% with Low Efficiency Roll-Off. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007724. [PMID: 33792077 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two new orange-red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials, PzTDBA and PzDBA, are reported. These materials are designed based on the acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) configuration, containing rigid boron acceptors and dihydrophenazine donor moieties. These materials exhibit a small ΔEST of 0.05-0.06 eV, photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) as high as near unity, and short delayed exciton lifetime (τd ) of less than 2.63 µs in 5 wt% doped film. Further, these materials show a high reverse intersystem crossing rate (krisc ) on the order of 106 s-1 . The TADF devices fabricated with 5 wt% PzTDBA and PzDBA as emitting dopants show maximum EQE of 30.3% and 21.8% with extremely low roll-off of 3.6% and 3.2% at 1000 cd m-2 and electroluminescence (EL) maxima at 576 nm and 595 nm, respectively. The low roll-off character of these materials is analyzed by using a roll-off model and the exciton annihilation quenching rates are found to be suppressed by the fast krisc and short delayed exciton lifetime. These devices show operating device lifetimes (LT50 ) of 159 and 193 h at 1000 cd m-2 for PzTDBA and PzDBA, respectively. The high efficiency and low roll-off of these materials are attributed to the good electronic properties originatng from the A-D-A molecular configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durai Karthik
- Organic Optoelectronic Device Lab. (OODL), Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hun Jung
- Organic Optoelectronic Device Lab. (OODL), Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuna Lee
- Organic Optoelectronic Device Lab. (OODL), Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonjae Hwang
- Organic Optoelectronic Device Lab. (OODL), Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Min Seo
- LG Display R & D center, LG Science park, 30, Magokjungang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07796, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Yun Kim
- LG Display R & D center, LG Science park, 30, Magokjungang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07796, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Wook Han
- LG Display R & D center, LG Science park, 30, Magokjungang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07796, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hyuk Kwon
- Organic Optoelectronic Device Lab. (OODL), Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
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27
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Ying A, Huang YH, Lu CH, Chen Z, Lee WK, Zeng X, Chen T, Cao X, Wu CC, Gong S, Yang C. High-Efficiency Red Electroluminescence Based on a Carbene-Cu(I)-Acridine Complex. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:13478-13486. [PMID: 33689279 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
How to develop efficient red-emitting organometallics of earth-abundant copper(I) is a formidable challenge in the field of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) because Cu(I) complexes have weak spin-orbit coupling and a serious excited-state reorganization effect. Here, a red Cu(I) complex, MAC*-Cu-DPAC, was developed using a rigid 9,9-diphenyl-9,10-dihydroacridine donor ligand in a carbene-metal-amide motif. The Cu(I) complex achieved satisfactory red emission, a high photoluminescence quantum yield of up to 70%, and a sub-microsecond lifetime. Thanks to a linear geometry and the acceptor and donor ligands in a coplanar conformation, the complex exhibited a high horizontal dipole ratio of 77% in the host matrix, first demonstrated for coinage metal(I) complexes. The resulting OLEDs delivered high external quantum efficiencies of 21.1% at a maximum and 20.1% at 1000 nits, together with a red emission peak at ∼630 nm. These values represent the state-of-the-art performance for red-emitting OLEDs based on coinage metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Ying
- Department of Chemistry, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hsin Huang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Han Lu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Zhanxiang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Kai Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Xuan Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianhao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaosong Cao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Chung-Chih Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shaolong Gong
- Department of Chemistry, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518057, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuluo Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
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28
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Rajamalli P, Chen D, Suresh SM, Tsuchiya Y, Adachi C, Zysman‐Colman E. Planar and Rigid Pyrazine‐Based TADF Emitter for Deep Blue Bright Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pachaiyappan Rajamalli
- Organic Semiconductor Centre EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST UK
- Materials Research Centre Indian Institute of Science CV Raman Rd Bengalore 560012 Karnataka India
| | - Dongyang Chen
- Organic Semiconductor Centre EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Subeesh Madayanad Suresh
- Organic Semiconductor Centre EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Youichi Tsuchiya
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA) Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA) Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Eli Zysman‐Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST UK
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29
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Zhang K, Yang F, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Fan J, Fan J, Wang CK, Lin L. Highly Efficient Near-Infrared Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Molecules via Acceptor Tuning: Theoretical Molecular Design and Experimental Verification. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:1893-1903. [PMID: 33587848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials have shown great application potential in organic light-emitting diodes, photovoltaics, sensors, and biomedicine. However, their fluorescence efficiency (ΦF) is still highly inferior to those of conventional NIR fluorescent dyes, seriously hindering their applications. This study aims to provide theoretical guidance and experimental verification for highly efficient NIR-TADF molecular design. First, the light-emitting mechanism of two deep-red TADF molecules is revealed using first-principles calculation and the thermal vibration correlation function (TVCF) method. Then several acceptors are theoretically designed by changing the position of the cyano group or by introducing the phenanthroline into CNBPz, and 44 molecules are designed and studied theoretically. The photophysical properties of DA-3 in toluene and the amorphous state are simulated using a multiscale method combined with the TVCF method. The NIR-TADF property for DA-3 is predicted both in toluene and in the amorphous state. Experimental measurement further confirms that the TADF emission wavelength of DA-3 is 730 nm and ΦF is as high as 20%. It is the highest fluorescence efficiency reported for TADF molecules with emission wavelengths larger than 700 nm in toluene. Our work provides an effective molecular design strategy, and a good candidate for highly efficient NIR-TADF emitters is also predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yuying Ma
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jianzhong Fan
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jian Fan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Chuan-Kui Wang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lili Lin
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
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30
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Yu YJ, Wang XQ, Liu JF, Jiang ZQ, Liao LS. Harvesting triplet excitons for near-infrared electroluminescence via thermally activated delayed fluorescence channel. iScience 2021; 24:102123. [PMID: 33659882 PMCID: PMC7895761 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) emission is useful for numerous practical applications, such as communication, biomedical sensors, night vision, etc., which encourages researchers to develop materials and devices for the realization of efficient NIR organic light-emitting devices. Recently, the emerging organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have attracted wide attention because of the full utilization of electron-generated excitons, which is crucial for achieving high device efficiency. Up to now, the TADF emitters have shown their potential in the deep red/NIR region. Considering the color purity and efficiency, however, the development of NIR TADF emitters still lags behind RGB TADF emitters, indicating that there is still much room to improve their performance. In this regard, this perspective mainly summarizes the past progress of molecular design on constructing TADF NIR emitters. We hope this perspective could provide a new vista in developing NIR materials and enlighten breakthroughs in both fundamental research and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Jun Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Qi Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Feng Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zuo-Quan Jiang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Sheng Liao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
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31
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Chen T, Lu CH, Chen Z, Gong X, Wu CC, Yang C. Modulating the Electron-Donating Ability of Acridine Donor Units for Orange-Red Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters. Chemistry 2021; 27:3151-3158. [PMID: 33241622 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters with orange-red emission still lags behind that of their blue, green, and yellow counterparts. Recent research to address this problem mainly focused on developing new acceptor units. There were few donor units designed especially for orange-red emitters. Herein, with benzothiophene fused to a diphenylacridine donor unit, a new donor moiety, namely, 5,5-diphenyl-5,13-dihydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[3,2-c]acridine (BTDPAc), was designed and synthesized. Benefiting from the strong electron-donating ability of the new donor moiety, a new TADF emitter, 2-[4'-(tert-butyl)(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl]-6-[5,5-diphenylbenzo[4,5]thieno[3,2-c]acridin-13(5H)-yl]-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione (BTDPAc-PhNAI), shows an orange-red emission with a maximum at 610 nm in dilute toluene solution. Also, with the help of the diphenyl rings of the donor unit, high photoluminescence quantum yields were achieved for BTDPAc-PhNAI over a wide concentration range. Consequently, an orange-red organic light-emitting diode based on BTDPAc-PhNAI achieved a high external quantum efficiency of nearly 20 %, which was comparable to state-of-the-art device performances with similar emission spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianheng Chen
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P.R. China.,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Han Lu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Zhanxiang Chen
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P.R. China
| | - Xu Gong
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P.R. China
| | - Chung-Chih Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering and Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chuluo Yang
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P.R. China.,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P.R. China
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32
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Li H, Yang T, Wang J, Xie N, Wang Q, Xu Y, Zhao Y, Liang B. Highly Efficient Orange-Red Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Compounds Comprising Dual Dicyano-Substituted Pyrazine/Quinoxaline Acceptors. Chempluschem 2021; 86:95-102. [PMID: 33394570 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The π-conjugation of molecules has a large influence on their excited state properties, especially for red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials. Two orange-red TADF compounds comprising dual dicyano-substituted pyrazine/quinoxaline acceptors have been designed and synthesized. TPA-2DCNQ (3,3'-((phenylazanediyl)bis(4,1-phenylene))bis(2-phenylquinoxaline-6,7-dicarbonitrile) with extended π-conjugated quinoxaline as the acceptor exhibits higher photoluminescence quantum yields (ca. 0.67-0.71) in doped films. A smaller energy splitting (ΔEst ) between the first singlet excited state and triplet excited state is also achieved, indicating that extending the π-conjugation of the acceptor rationally is an effective approach to designing highly efficient long-wavelength TADF materials. Devices with TPA-2DCNQ as the emitter display maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 12.6-14.0 %, which are more than twice those of devices containing TPA-2DCNPZ (6,6'-((phenylazanediyl)bis(4,1-phenylene))bis(5-phenylpyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejun Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.,Jihua Laboratory, 13 Nanpingxi Road, Foshan, 528200, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Tong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ning Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Qingyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yincai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yuguang Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Baoyan Liang
- Jihua Laboratory, 13 Nanpingxi Road, Foshan, 528200, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
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33
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Ye JT, Qiu YQ. The inspiration and challenge for through-space charge transfer architecture: from thermally activated delayed fluorescence to non-linear optical properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:15881-15898. [PMID: 34296718 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02565a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic molecules consisting of electron donor (D) and electron acceptor (A) subunits linked by π-conjugated bridges are promising building blocks for thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and non-linear optics (NLO) materials due to their intramolecular charge transfer (CT) processes in response to external stimuli. According to the electron interaction pattern, the CT process in D-π-A architectures can be divided into two categories, through-bond/-space charge transfer (TB/TSCT). To date, research into the TADF properties of TSCT characteristic molecules has since seen significant growth. In fact, TSCT characteristic materials show great advantages in such NLO responses. In this perspective, we first briefly introduced the basic principles of NLO and TADF effects. Successively, we discuss the influence of TBCT and TSCT patterns on NLO and TADF properties, especially for TSCT characteristic. In the final part, we address the diversity and potential advantages of TSCT characteristic molecules as high-performance NLO materials. With these, it is expected that the greater structural flexibility of spatial conjugation can bring more functionality to NLO materials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ting Ye
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
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34
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Puttock EV, Ranasinghe CSK, Babazadeh M, Jang J, Huang DM, Tsuchiya Y, Adachi C, Burn PL, Shaw PE. Solution-Processed Dendrimer-Based TADF Materials for Deep-Red OLEDs. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma V. Puttock
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics (COPE), School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Chandana Sampath Kumara Ranasinghe
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics (COPE), School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mohammad Babazadeh
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics (COPE), School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Junhyuk Jang
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics (COPE), School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - David M. Huang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Youichi Tsuchiya
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Paul L. Burn
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics (COPE), School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Paul E. Shaw
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics (COPE), School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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35
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Chen J, Xiao Y, Wang K, Sun D, Fan X, Zhang X, Zhang M, Shi Y, Yu J, Geng F, Lee C, Zhang X. Managing Locally Excited and Charge‐Transfer Triplet States to Facilitate Up‐Conversion in Red TADF Emitters That Are Available for Both Vacuum‐ and Solution‐Processes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2478-2484. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Xiong Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS) Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Ya‐Fang Xiao
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Dianming Sun
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Chun Fan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Yi‐Zhong Shi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Feng‐Xia Geng
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS) Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Chun‐Sing Lee
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Hong Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
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36
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Chen J, Xiao Y, Wang K, Sun D, Fan X, Zhang X, Zhang M, Shi Y, Yu J, Geng F, Lee C, Zhang X. Managing Locally Excited and Charge‐Transfer Triplet States to Facilitate Up‐Conversion in Red TADF Emitters That Are Available for Both Vacuum‐ and Solution‐Processes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Xiong Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS) Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Ya‐Fang Xiao
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Dianming Sun
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Chun Fan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Yi‐Zhong Shi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Feng‐Xia Geng
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS) Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Chun‐Sing Lee
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Hong Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
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Hajri AK, Albalawi MA, Elsayed NH, Aloui F. Synthesis and photophysical properties of new reactive fluorophenanthrenes. CR CHIM 2020. [DOI: 10.5802/crchim.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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38
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Avellanal‐Zaballa E, Prieto‐Castañeda A, García‐Garrido F, Agarrabeitia AR, Rebollar E, Bañuelos J, García‐Moreno I, Ortiz MJ. Red/NIR Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence from Aza‐BODIPYs. Chemistry 2020; 26:16080-16088. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Esther Rebollar
- Dpto, de Sistemas de Baja Dimensionalidad, Superficies y Materia Condensada Instituto Química-Física “Rocasolano”, IQFR-CSIC Serrano 119 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - Jorge Bañuelos
- Dpto. Química Física Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) Aptdo 644 48080 Bilbao Spain
| | - Inmaculada García‐Moreno
- Dpto, de Sistemas de Baja Dimensionalidad, Superficies y Materia Condensada Instituto Química-Física “Rocasolano”, IQFR-CSIC Serrano 119 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - María J. Ortiz
- Dpto. Química Orgánica Universidad Complutense Ciudad Universitaria s/n 28006 Madrid Spain
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Zhao B, Wang H, Han C, Ma P, Li Z, Chang P, Xu H. Highly Efficient Deep‐Red Non‐Doped Diodes Based on a T‐Shape Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Heilongjiang University Harbin Heilongjiang 150080 China
| | - Huiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Heilongjiang University Harbin Heilongjiang 150080 China
| | - Chunmiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Heilongjiang University Harbin Heilongjiang 150080 China
| | - Peng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Heilongjiang University Harbin Heilongjiang 150080 China
| | - Zhe Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Heilongjiang University Harbin Heilongjiang 150080 China
| | - Peng Chang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Heilongjiang University Harbin Heilongjiang 150080 China
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials Heilongjiang University Harbin Heilongjiang 150080 China
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40
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Zhao B, Wang H, Han C, Ma P, Li Z, Chang P, Xu H. Highly Efficient Deep-Red Non-Doped Diodes Based on a T-Shape Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19042-19047. [PMID: 32697873 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Device simplification is of practical significance for organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), and remains the great challenge for deep-red emitters. Herein, a deep-red thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecule (pTPA-DPPZ) is reported which features a T shaped structure containing two triphenylamine (TPA) donors, one either side of a planar dipyridophenazine (DPPZ) acceptor. The rational spatial arrangement of the functional groups leads to limited but sufficient molecular packing for effective carrier transport. The neat pTPA-DPPZ film achieves an around 90-fold improved radiation rate constant of 107 s-1 and the nearly unitary reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) efficiency, as well as accelerated emission decays for quenching suppression. The high radiation and RISC result in a photoluminescence quantum yield of 87 %. The bilayer OLED based on the pTPA-DPPZ emissive layer achieved the record external quantum efficiencies of 12.3 % for maximum and 10.4 % at 1000 nits, accompanied by the deep-red electroluminescence with the excellent color purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150080, China
| | - Huiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150080, China
| | - Chunmiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150080, China
| | - Peng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150080, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150080, China
| | - Peng Chang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150080, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150080, China
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41
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Liu Y, Chen Y, Li H, Wang S, Wu X, Tong H, Wang L. High-Performance Solution-Processed Red Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence OLEDs Employing Aggregation-Induced Emission-Active Triazatruxene-Based Emitters. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:30652-30658. [PMID: 32538076 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two novel red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters [triazatruxene (TAT)-dibenzo[a,c]phenazine (DBPZ) and TAT-fluorine-substituted dibenzo[a,c]phenazine (FDBPZ)] were developed by incorporating TAT as the electron donor (D) and DBPZ or FDBPZ as the electron acceptor (A). Both compounds showed aggregation-induced emission behaviors and bright red emission in neat films. Benefited from the rigid and large planar conjugated structure of TAT and DBPZ, TAT-DBPZ and TAT-FDBPZ realized high photoluminescence quantum yields in solid states. Meanwhile, the large steric hindrance between TAT and DBPZ segments produced small singlet-triplet energy splitting (ΔEST), leading to short delayed fluorescence lifetimes and high reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) rate (>106 s-1) for both compounds. The solution-processable doped organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on TAT-DBPZ achieved a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 15.4% with a red emission peak at 604 nm, which was one of the highly efficient solution-processable red TADF OLEDs. TAT-FDBPZ-based doped devices also showed a red emission peak at 611 nm with a maximum EQE of 9.2% and low-efficiency roll-off ratios of 1.0% at 100 cd m-2 and 19% at 1000 cd m-2. Furthermore, their solution-processable nondoped devices displayed EQEs of 5.6 and 2.9% with the red-shifted emission peaks at 626 and 641 nm, respectively. These results indicate the huge potential of utilization of TAT as the donor unit to achieve highly efficient and low-efficiency roll-off solution-processable red TADF OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yonghong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P. R. China
| | - Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Hui Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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42
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Che W, Xie Y, Li Z. Structural Design of Blue‐to‐Red Thermally‐Activated Delayed Fluorescence Molecules by Adjusting the Strength between Donor and Acceptor. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Che
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation ScienceTianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China)
| | - Yujun Xie
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation ScienceTianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China)
| | - Zhen Li
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation ScienceTianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China)
- Sauvage Center for Molecular SciencesDepartment of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
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43
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Zhan H, Wang Y, Li K, Chen Y, Yi X, Bai K, Xie G, Cheng Y. Saturated Red Electroluminescence From Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Conjugated Polymers. Front Chem 2020; 8:332. [PMID: 32426326 PMCID: PMC7212419 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two sets of conjugated polymers with anthraquinone groups as pendant acceptors were designed and synthesized. The acceptor is tethered to an diphenylamine group via a phenylene bridge, constructing a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) unit, which is embedded into the polymer backbone through its donor fragment, while the backbone is composed of dibenzothiophene-S, S-dioxide and 2, 7-fluorene or 2, 7-carbazole groups. The polymers show distinct TADF characteristics, confirmed by transient photoluminescence spectra and theoretical calculations. The carbazole-based polymers exhibit shorter delay lifetimes and lower energy emission relative to the fluorene-based polymers. The non-doped organic light-emitting diodes fabricated via solution processing approach produce efficient red emissions with the wavelengths of 625-646 nm. The carbazole containing polymer with 2% molar content of the TADF unit exhibits the best maximum external quantum efficiency of 13.6% and saturated red electroluminescence with the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage coordinates of (0.62, 0.37).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yanjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Kuofei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yuannan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaohu Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Keyan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Guohua Xie
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence From Molecular Aggregates (South China University of Technology), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
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44
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Kothavale S, Chung WJ, Lee JY. Rational Molecular Design of Highly Efficient Yellow-Red Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Emitters: A Combined Effect of Auxiliary Fluorine and Rigidified Acceptor Unit. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:18730-18738. [PMID: 32216325 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Molecular design strategies are crucial to develop highly efficient and long-wavelength thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitters because the inherent limitation of the energy gap law degrades the efficiency of the red or orange TADF emitters. To resolve the low efficiency issue, we designed and synthesized two TADF emitters, 4,4'-(6-(9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9H)-yl)-7-fluoroquinoxaline-2,3-diyl)dibenzonitrile (FDQCNAc) and 11-(9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9H)-yl)-12-fluorodibenzo[a,c]phenazine-3,6-dicarbonitrile (FBPCNAc), by utilizing fluorine and peripheral cyano-substituted quinoxaline and phenazine acceptors of 4,4'-(6-fluoroquinoxaline-2,3-diyl)dibenzonitrile (FDQCN) and 11-fluorodibenzo[a,c]phenazine-3,6-dicarbonitrile (FBPCN), respectively. A fluorine atom at the ortho position of the acridine donor acts as an auxiliary acceptor to minimize the singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔEST) below 0.1 eV and promotes the reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) process. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) fabricated with FDQCNAc and FBPCNAc emitters demonstrated high external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 27.6 and 23.8% in the yellow-red TADF OLEDs, respectively. In particular, the combination of the F auxiliary acceptor unit and the rigidified FBPCN acceptor unit enabled red-shifted emission by about 58 nm without much sacrifice of the EQE in the red region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantaram Kothavale
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi 440-746, Korea
| | - Won Jae Chung
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi 440-746, Korea
| | - Jun Yeob Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi 440-746, Korea
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45
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Liang B, Yu Z, Zhuang X, Wang J, Wei J, Ye K, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Wang Y. Achieving High-Performance Pure-Red Electrophosphorescent Iridium(III) Complexes Based on Optimizing Ancillary Ligands. Chemistry 2020; 26:4410-4418. [PMID: 32017269 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Two new iridium(III) complexes were synthesized by introducing two trifluoromethyl groups into an ancillary ligand to develop pure-red emitters for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The electron-donating ability of the ancillary ligands is suppressed, owing to the electron-withdrawing nature of trifluoromethyl groups, which can reduce the HOMO energy levels compared with those of compounds without trifluoromethyl groups. However, the introduction of trifluoromethyl groups into the ancillary ligand has little impact on the LUMO energy levels. Therefore, a well-tuned, pure-red, excited-state energy was achieved by regulating the relative energy level between the HOMO and LUMO. OLEDs with these complexes as emitters showed high external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 26 % and realized high EQEs of about 25 % and fairly low driving voltages of 3.3-3.6 V for practical luminance of 1000 cd m-2 , as well as excellent Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.66, 0.33) and (0.67, 0.33); thus, this demonstrates the successful molecular design strategy by modifying the electron-donating ability of ancillary ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Zhanshuang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Xuming Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Jinbei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Kaiqi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Zuolun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
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46
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Gusarova NK, Trofimov BA. Organophosphorus chemistry based on elemental phosphorus: advances and horizons. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The results of studies on the application of elemental phosphorus for the synthesis of important organophosphorus compounds are surveyed and summarized. Currently, this trend represents a synthetically, environmentally and technologically attractive alternative to classical organophosphorus chemistry based on toxic and corrosive phosphorus chlorides. Direct phosphination and phosphinylation of organic compounds with elemental phosphorus (discussed in the first part of the review) basically extend the range of available phosphines, phosphine chalcogenides and phosphinic acids and provides further development of their synthetic potential (discussed in the second part of the review). It is shown that the breakthrough in this area is largely due to the discovery of reactions of elemental phosphorus (white and red) with various electrophiles in superbasic suspensions and emulsions derived from alkali metal hydroxides and to the development of electrochemical, electrocatalytic and catalytic activation of white phosphorus.
The bibliography includes 299 references.
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47
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Li K, Zhu Y, Yao B, Chen Y, Deng H, Zhang Q, Zhan H, Xie Z, Cheng Y. Rotation-restricted thermally activated delayed fluorescence compounds for efficient solution-processed OLEDs with EQEs of up to 24.3% and small roll-off. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5957-5960. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01738h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A sandwich-like chromophore, composed of two donors and an inserted acceptor, is hitched onto a single carbazole to yield an efficient TADF emitter with excellent electroluminescent performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuofei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Yunhui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Bing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Yuannan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Hao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Qisheng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
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48
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Wang YF, Li M, Zhao WL, Shen YF, Lu HY, Chen CF. An axially chiral thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitter with a dual emitting core for a highly efficient organic light-emitting diode. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9380-9383. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03822a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
An axially chiral TADF emitter with a dual-emitting-core showed a high PLQY and EQE (20.8%), while its enantiomers also exhibited CPL properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Feng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Meng Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Wen-Long Zhao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100049
- China
| | - Yi-Fan Shen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100049
- China
| | - Hai-Yan Lu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100049
- China
| | - Chuan-Feng Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
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49
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Żak P, Bołt M, Grzelak M, Rachuta K, Dudziec B, Januszewski R, Marciniec B, Marciniak B. Synthesis and properties of chromophore-functionalized monovinylsilsesquioxane derivatives. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01250e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an effective and selective synthesis of chromophore-functionalized monovinylsilsesquioxane derivatives by a cross-metathesis reaction along with discussion of their photophysical and thermal resistance properties is disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Żak
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8
- 61-614 Poznan
- Poland
| | - Małgorzata Bołt
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8
- 61-614 Poznan
- Poland
| | - Magdalena Grzelak
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8
- 61-614 Poznan
- Poland
- Center for Advanced Technologies
| | - Karolina Rachuta
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8
- 61-614 Poznan
- Poland
| | - Beata Dudziec
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8
- 61-614 Poznan
- Poland
- Center for Advanced Technologies
| | - Rafał Januszewski
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8
- 61-614 Poznan
- Poland
- Center for Advanced Technologies
| | - Bogdan Marciniec
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8
- 61-614 Poznan
- Poland
- Center for Advanced Technologies
| | - Bronislaw Marciniak
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8
- 61-614 Poznan
- Poland
- Center for Advanced Technologies
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50
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Gupta V, Sirohi P, Singh N, Singh RP. Design and development of fluorescence-capable novel pyrazine-based polycyclic heteroaromatics for cellular bioimaging. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03171b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence-capable pyrazine-based polycyclic heteroaromatics for application in bioimaging were synthesized via a simple and concise methodology, and investigation of their fluorescence properties, including the effect of pH on the fluorescence behaviour, and MTT assays were carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Gupta
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Delhi
- Hauz Khas
- India
| | - Parul Sirohi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Delhi
- Hauz Khas
- India
| | - Neetu Singh
- Centre of Biomedical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Delhi
- Hauz Khas
- India
| | - Ravi P. Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Delhi
- Hauz Khas
- India
| |
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