1
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Cruz Da Silva E, Gaki P, Flieg F, Messmer M, Gucciardi F, Markovska Y, Reisch A, Fafi-Kremer S, Pfeffer S, Klymchenko AS. Direct Zeptomole Detection of RNA Biomarkers by Ultrabright Fluorescent Nanoparticles on Magnetic Beads. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2404167. [PMID: 39011971 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202404167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Nucleic acids are important biomarkers in cancer and viral diseases. However, their ultralow concentration in biological/clinical samples makes direct target detection challenging, because it leads to slow hybridization kinetics with the probe and its insufficient signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, RNA target detection is done by molecular (target) amplification, notably by RT-PCR, which is a tedious multistep method that includes nucleic acid extraction and reverse transcription. Here, a direct method based on ultrabright dye-loaded polymeric nanoparticles in a sandwich-like hybridization assay with magnetic beads is reported. The ultrabright DNA-functionalized nanoparticle, equivalent to ≈10 000 strongly emissive rhodamine dyes, is hybridized with the magnetic bead to the RNA target, providing the signal amplification for the detection. This concept (magneto-fluorescent sandwich) enables high-throughput detection of DNA and RNA sequences of varied lengths from 48 to 1362 nt with the limit of detection down to 0.3 fm using a plate reader (15 zeptomoles), among the best reported for optical sandwich assays. Moreover, it allows semi-quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA directly in clinical samples without a dedicated RNA extraction step. The developed technology, combining ultrabright nanoparticles with magnetic beads, addresses fundamental challenges in RNA detection; it is expected to accelerate molecular diagnostics of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabete Cruz Da Silva
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7021 CNRS, Illkirch, 67401, France
- BrightSens Diagnostics SAS, 11 Rue de l'Académie, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Paraskevi Gaki
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7021 CNRS, Illkirch, 67401, France
- BrightSens Diagnostics SAS, 11 Rue de l'Académie, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Fabien Flieg
- BrightSens Diagnostics SAS, 11 Rue de l'Académie, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Melanie Messmer
- Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, UPR 9002, Strasbourg, 67084, France
| | - Floriane Gucciardi
- Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, UPR 9002, Strasbourg, 67084, France
| | | | - Andreas Reisch
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7021 CNRS, Illkirch, 67401, France
| | - Samira Fafi-Kremer
- CHU de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Virologie, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, Strasbourg, IRM UMR-S 1109, France
| | - Sébastien Pfeffer
- Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, UPR 9002, Strasbourg, 67084, France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7021 CNRS, Illkirch, 67401, France
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2
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Gharbi AM, Biswas DS, Crégut O, Malý P, Didier P, Klymchenko A, Léonard J. Exciton annihilation and diffusion length in disordered multichromophoric nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:11550-11563. [PMID: 38868990 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00325j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Efficient exciton transport is the essential property of natural and synthetic light-harvesting (LH) devices. Here we investigate exciton transport properties in LH organic polymer nanoparticles (ONPs) of 40 nm diameter. The ONPs are loaded with a rhodamine B dye derivative and bulky counterion, enabling dye loadings as high as 0.3 M, while preserving fluorescence quantum yields larger than 30%. We use time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy to monitor exciton-exciton annihilation (EEA) kinetics within the ONPs dispersed in water. We demonstrate that unlike the common practice for photoluminescence investigations of EEA, the non-uniform intensity profile of the excitation light pulse must be taken into account to analyse reliably intensity-dependent population dynamics. Alternatively, a simple confocal detection scheme is demonstrated, which enables (i) retrieving the correct value for the bimolecular EEA rate which would otherwise be underestimated by a typical factor of three, and (ii) revealing minor EEA by-products otherwise unnoticed. Considering the ONPs as homogeneous rigid solutions of weakly interacting dyes, we postulate an incoherent exciton hoping mechanism to infer a diffusion constant exceeding 0.003 cm2 s-1 and a diffusion length as large as 70 nm. This work demonstrates the success of the present ONP design strategy at engineering efficient exciton transport in disordered multichromophoric systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olivier Crégut
- IPCMS, Université de Strasbourg - CNRS, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Pavel Malý
- Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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3
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Stenspil SG, Laursen BW. Photophysics of fluorescent nanoparticles based on organic dyes - challenges and design principles. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8625-8638. [PMID: 38873083 PMCID: PMC11168078 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01352b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent nanoparticles have become attractive for bioanalysis and imaging, due to their high brightness and photostability. Many different optical materials have been applied in fluorescent nanoparticles with a broad range of properties and characteristics. One appealing approach is the incorporation of molecular organic fluorophores in nanoparticles with the intention of transferring their known attractive solution-state properties directly to the nanoparticles. However, as molecular dyes are packed closely together in the nanoparticles their interactions most often result in fluorescence quenching and change in spectral properties making this approach challenging. In this perspective we will first discuss the origins of quenching and spectral shifts observed in dye based nanoparticles. On this background, we will then describe various designs of dye based NPs and how they address the challenges of dye-dye interactions and quenching. Our aim is to provide a general framework for understanding the supramolecular mechanisms that determine the photophysics of dye based nanoparticles. This framework of molecular photophysics and its relation to the internal structure of dye based nanoparticles can hopefully serve to assist rational design and optimization of new and improved dye based nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine G Stenspil
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - Bo W Laursen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
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4
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Ma J, Sun R, Xia K, Xia Q, Liu Y, Zhang X. Design and Application of Fluorescent Probes to Detect Cellular Physical Microenvironments. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1738-1861. [PMID: 38354333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The microenvironment is indispensable for functionality of various biomacromolecules, subcellular compartments, living cells, and organisms. In particular, physical properties within the biological microenvironment could exert profound effects on both the cellular physiology and pathology, with parameters including the polarity, viscosity, pH, and other relevant factors. There is a significant demand to directly visualize and quantitatively measure the fluctuation in the cellular microenvironment with spatiotemporal resolution. To satisfy this need, analytical methods based on fluorescence probes offer great opportunities due to the facile, sensitive, and dynamic detection that these molecules could enable in varying biological settings from in vitro samples to live animal models. Herein, we focus on various types of small molecule fluorescent probes for the detection and measurement of physical parameters of the microenvironment, including pH, polarity, viscosity, mechanical force, temperature, and electron potential. For each parameter, we primarily describe the chemical mechanisms underlying how physical properties are correlated with changes of various fluorescent signals. This review provides both an overview and a perspective for the development of small molecule fluorescent probes to visualize the dynamic changes in the cellular environment, to expand the knowledge for biological process, and to enrich diagnostic tools for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbao Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Rui Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kaifu Xia
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiuxuan Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Chromatographic R. & A. Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
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5
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Combes A, Rieb C, Haye L, Klymchenko AS, Serra CA, Reisch A. Mixing versus Polymer Chemistry in the Synthesis of Loaded Polymer Nanoparticles through Nanoprecipitation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:16532-16542. [PMID: 37955543 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Polymer nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with drugs and contrast agents have become key tools in the advancement of nanomedicine, requiring robust technologies for their synthesis. Nanoprecipitation is a particularly interesting technique for the assembly of loaded polymer NPs, which is well-known to proceed under kinetic control, with a strong influence of the assembly conditions. On the other hand, the nature of the used polymer also influences the outcome of nanoprecipitation. Here, we investigated systematically the relative effects of mixing of the organic and aqueous phases and polymer chemistry on the formation of polymer nanocarriers. For this, two mixing schemes, manual mixing and microfluidic mixing using an impact-jet micromixer, were first evaluated, showing mixing times of several tens of milliseconds and a few milliseconds, respectively. Copolymers of ethyl methacrylate with charged and hydrophilic groups and different polyesters (poly(d-l-lactide-co-glycolide) and poly(lactic acid)) were combined with a fluorescent dye salt and tested for particle assembly using these "slow" and "fast" mixing methods. Our results showed that in the case of the most hydrophobic polymers, the speed of mixing had no significant influence on the size and loading of the formed NPs. In contrast, in the case of less hydrophobic polymers, faster mixing led to smaller NPs with better encapsulation. The switch between mixing and polymer-controlled assembly was directly correlated to the solubility limit of the polymers in acetonitrile-water mixtures, with a critical point for solubility limits between 15 and 20 vol % of water. Our results provide simple guidelines on how to evaluate the possible influence of polymer chemistry and mixing on the formation of loaded NPs, opening the way to fine-tune their properties and optimize their large-scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Combes
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Corentin Rieb
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Lucie Haye
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Christophe A Serra
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron UPR 22, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, Strasbourg F-67000, France
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie, UMR_S 1121, Strasbourg F-67000, France
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6
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Lteif S, Nosratabad NA, Wang S, Xin Y, Weigand SJ, Mattoussi H, Schlenoff JB. Inorganic Nanoparticles Embedded in Polydimethylsiloxane Nanodroplets. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:15748-15755. [PMID: 37882626 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
To stabilize and transport them through complex systems, nanoparticles are often encapsulated in polymeric nanocarriers, which are tailored to specific environments. For example, a hydrophilic polymer capsule maintains the circulation and stability of nanoparticles in aqueous environments. A more highly designed nanocarrier might have a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic shell to allow the transport of hydrophobic nanoparticles and pharmaceuticals through physiological media. Polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS, is a hydrophobic material in a liquid-like state at room temperature. The preparation of stable, aqueous dispersions of PDMS droplets in water is problematic due to the intense mismatch in surface energies between PDMS and water. The present work describes the encapsulation of hydrophobic metal and metal oxide nanoparticles within PDMS nanodroplets using flash nanoprecipitation. The PDMS is terminated by amino groups, and the nanodroplet is capped with a layer of poly(styrenesulfonate), forming a glassy outer shell. The hydrophobic nanoparticles nucleate PDMS droplet formation, decreasing the droplet size. The resulting nanocomposite nanodroplets are stable in aqueous salt solutions without the use of surfactants. The hierarchical structuring, elucidated with small-angle X-ray scattering, offers a new platform for the isolation and transport of hydrophobic molecules and nanoparticles through aqueous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Lteif
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Neda A Nosratabad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Sisi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Yan Xin
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Steven J Weigand
- DND-CAT Synchrotron Research Center, Northwestern University, APS/ANL 432-A005, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Hedi Mattoussi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Joseph B Schlenoff
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
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7
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Fanciullo G, Orlandi S, Klymchenko AS, Muccioli L, Rivalta I. Characterizing Counterion-Dependent Aggregation of Rhodamine B by Classical Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Molecules 2023; 28:4742. [PMID: 37375296 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aggregation in a solution of charged dyes such as Rhodamine B (RB) is significantly affected by the type of counterion, which can determine the self-assembled structure that in turn modulates the optical properties. RB aggregation can be boosted by hydrophobic and bulky fluorinated tetraphenylborate counterions, such as F5TPB, with the formation of nanoparticles whose fluorescence quantum yield (FQY) is affected by the degree of fluorination. Here, we developed a classical force field (FF) based on the standard generalized Amber parameters that allows modeling the self-assembling process of RB/F5TPB systems in water, consistent with experimental evidence. Namely, the classical MD simulations employing the re-parametrized FF reproduce the formation of nanoparticles in the RB/F5TPB system, while in the presence of iodide counterions, only RB dimeric species can be formed. Within the large, self-assembled RB/F5TPB aggregates, the occurrence of an H-type RB-RB dimer can be observed, a species that is expected to quench RB fluorescence, in agreement with the experimental data of FQY. The outcome provides atomistic details on the role of the bulky F5TPB counterion as a spacer, with the developed classical FF representing a step towards reliable modeling of dye aggregation in RB-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Fanciullo
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Orlandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Luca Muccioli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ivan Rivalta
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- ENSL, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
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8
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Yudhistira T, Da Silva EC, Combes A, Lehmann M, Reisch A, Klymchenko AS. Biotinylated Fluorescent Polymeric Nanoparticles for Enhanced Immunostaining. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201452. [PMID: 36808832 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The performance of fluorescence immunostaining is physically limited by the brightness of organic dyes, whereas fluorescence labeling with multiple dyes per antibody can lead to dye self-quenching. The present work reports a methodology of antibody labeling by biotinylated zwitterionic dye-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (NPs). A rationally designed hydrophobic polymer, poly(ethyl methacrylate) bearing charged, zwitterionic and biotin groups (PEMA-ZI-biotin), enables preparation of small (14 nm) and bright fluorescent biotinylated NPs loaded with large quantities of cationic rhodamine dye with bulky hydrophobic counterion (fluorinated tetraphenylborate). The biotin exposure at the particle surface is confirmed by Förster resonance energy transfer with dye-streptavidin conjugate. Single-particle microscopy validates specific binding to biotinylated surfaces, with particle brightness 21-fold higher than quantum dot-585 (QD-585) at 550 nm excitation. The nanoimmunostaining method, which couples biotinylated antibody (cetuximab) with bright biotinylated zwitterionic NPs through streptavidin, significantly improves fluorescence imaging of target epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) on the cell surface compared to a dye-based labeling. Importantly, cetuximab labeled with PEMA-ZI-biotin NPs can differentiate cells with distinct expression levels of EGFR cancer marker. The developed nanoprobes can greatly amplify the signal from labeled antibodies, and thus become a useful tool in the high-sensitivity detection of disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesla Yudhistira
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, Illkirch, 67401, France
| | - Elisabete Cruz Da Silva
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, Illkirch, 67401, France
| | - Antoine Combes
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, Illkirch, 67401, France
| | - Maxime Lehmann
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, Illkirch, 67401, France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, Illkirch, 67401, France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, Illkirch, 67401, France
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9
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Chen Y. Recent Advances in Excimer-Based Fluorescence Probes for Biological Applications. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238628. [PMID: 36500722 PMCID: PMC9741103 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The fluorescent probe is a powerful tool for biological sensing and optical imaging, which can directly display analytes at the molecular level. It provides not only direct visualization of biological structures and processes, but also the capability of drug delivery systems regarding the target therapy. Conventional fluorescent probes are mainly based on monomer emission which has two distinguishing shortcomings in practice: small Stokes shifts and short lifetimes. Compared with monomer-based emission, excimer-based fluorescent probes have large Stokes shifts and long lifetimes which benefit biological applications. Recent progress in excimer-based fluorescent sensors (organic small molecules only) for biological applications are highlighted in this review, including materials and mechanisms as well as their representative applications. The progress suggests that excimer-based fluorescent probes have advantages and potential for bioanalytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, TIPC, CAS, Beijing 100190, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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10
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Moskalevska I, Faure V, Haye L, Mercey-Ressejac M, Dey AK, Chovelon B, Soro LK, Charbonnière LJ, Reisch A, Klymchenko AS, Marche PN, Coll JL, Macek Jilkova Z, le Guével X. Intracellular accumulation and immunological response of NIR-II polymeric nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2022; 630:122439. [PMID: 36503846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) are extremely promising for theranostic applications. However, their interest depends largely on their interactions with immune system, including the capacity to activate inflammation after their capture by macrophages. In the present study, we generated monodisperse poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA) NPs loaded with hydrophobic photoluminescent gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) emitting in the NIR-II optical windows and studied their interaction in vitro with J774.1A macrophages. PEMA NPs showed an efficient time and dose dependent cellular uptake with up to 70 % of macrophages labelled in 24 h without detectable cell death. Interestingly, PEMA and Au-PEMA NPs induced an anti-inflammatory response and a strong down-regulation of nitric oxide level on lipopolysacharides (LPS) activated macrophages, but without influence on the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These polymeric NPs may thus present a potential interest for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Moskalevska
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/ INSERM-U1209 / CNRS-UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Virginie Faure
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/ INSERM-U1209 / CNRS-UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Lucie Haye
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Marion Mercey-Ressejac
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/ INSERM-U1209 / CNRS-UMR 5309, Grenoble, France; Service d'hépato-gastroentérologie, Pôle Digidune, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Arindam K Dey
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/ INSERM-U1209 / CNRS-UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Benoit Chovelon
- Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, France; Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Lohona K Soro
- Equipe de Synthèse Pour l'Analyse (SynPA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Loïc J Charbonnière
- Equipe de Synthèse Pour l'Analyse (SynPA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Patrice N Marche
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/ INSERM-U1209 / CNRS-UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Luc Coll
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/ INSERM-U1209 / CNRS-UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Zuzana Macek Jilkova
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/ INSERM-U1209 / CNRS-UMR 5309, Grenoble, France; Service d'hépato-gastroentérologie, Pôle Digidune, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Xavier le Guével
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/ INSERM-U1209 / CNRS-UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
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11
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Kacenauskaite L, Stenspil SG, Olsson AH, Flood AH, Laursen BW. Universal Concept for Bright, Organic, Solid-State Emitters─Doping of Small-Molecule Ionic Isolation Lattices with FRET Acceptors. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19981-19989. [PMID: 36256621 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Brightly fluorescent solid-state materials are highly desirable for bioimaging, optoelectronic applications, and energy harvesting. However, the close contact between π-systems most often leads to quenching. Recently, we developed small-molecule ionic isolation lattices (SMILES) that efficiently isolate fluorophores while ensuring very high densities of the dyes. Nevertheless, efficient Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) energy migration in such dense systems is inevitable. While attractive for energy harvesting applications, FRET also significantly compromises quantum yields of fluorescent solids by funneling the excitation energy to dark trap states. Here, we investigate the underlying property of FRET and exploit it to our favor by intentionally introducing fluorescent dopants into SMILES materials, acting as FRET acceptors with favorable photophysical properties. This doping is shown to outcompete energy migration to dark trap states while also ruling out reabsorption effects in dense SMILES materials, resulting in universal fluorescent solid-state materials (thin films, powders, and crystals) with superior properties. These include emission quantum yields reaching as high as 50-65%, programmable fluorescence lifetimes with mono-exponential decay, and independent selection of absorption and emission maxima. The volume normalized brightness of these FRET-based SMILES now reach values up to 32,200 M-1 cm-1 nm-3 and can deliver freely tunable spectroscopic properties for the fabrication of super-bright advanced optical materials. It is found that SMILES prohibit PET quenching between donor and acceptor dyes that is observed for non-SMILES mixtures of the same dyes. This allows a very broad selection of donor and acceptor dyes for use in FRET SMILES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kacenauskaite
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Stine G Stenspil
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Andrew H Olsson
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington 47405, Indiana, United States
| | - Amar H Flood
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington 47405, Indiana, United States
| | - Bo W Laursen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
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12
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Wang L, Nawrocki P, Nielsen LG, Grenier L, Sørensen TJ. A europium(III)-based nanooptode for bicarbonate sensing - a multicomponent approach to sensor materials. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9198-9201. [PMID: 35894692 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02956a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanide luminescence contains detailed chemical information and can be used to report on several chemical analytes. This has been exploited through elaborate synthesis of responsive lanthanide complexes. Here, we report on a less elaborate approach and assemble four different nanooptodes. Europium(III) is used to sense the bicarbonate concentration. The signal from the optode was enhanced 100 times using antenna chromophore and the response was modulated by the addition of lipophilic cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Patrick Nawrocki
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Lea G Nielsen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Laura Grenier
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Thomas Just Sørensen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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13
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Chen H, Celik AE, Mutschler A, Combes A, Runser A, Klymchenko AS, Lecommandoux S, Serra CA, Reisch A. Assembly of Fluorescent Polymer Nanoparticles Using Different Microfluidic Mixers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:7945-7955. [PMID: 35731957 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanoprecipitation is a facile and efficient approach to the assembly of loaded polymer nanoparticles (NPs) for applications in bioimaging and targeted drug delivery. Their successful use in clinics requires reproducible and scalable synthesis, for which microfluidics appears as an attractive technique. However, in the case of nanoprecipitation, particle formation depends strongly on mixing. Here, we compare 5 different types of microfluidic mixers with respect to the formation and properties of poly(d-l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) NPs loaded with a fluorescent dye salt: a cross-shaped mixer, a multilamination mixer, a split and recombine mixer, two herringbone mixers, and two impact jet mixers. Size and fluorescence properties of the NPs obtained with these mixers are evaluated. All mixers, except the cross-shaped one, yield NPs at least as small and fluorescent as those obtained manually. Notably in the case of impact jet mixers operated at high flow speeds, the size of the NPs could be strongly reduced from >50 nm down to <20 nm. Surprisingly, the fluorescence quantum yield of NPs obtained with these mixers also depends strongly on the flow speed, increasing, in the case of PLGA, from 30 to >70%. These results show the importance of precisely controlling the assembly conditions for loaded polymer NPs. The present work further provides guidance for choosing the optimal microfluidic setup for production of nanomaterials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyou Chen
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Ali Emre Celik
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Angela Mutschler
- Université Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Pessac F-33600, France
| | - Antoine Combes
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Anne Runser
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | | | - Christophe A Serra
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron, UPR 22, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, Strasbourg F-67000, France
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14
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Egloff S, Melnychuk N, Cruz Da Silva E, Reisch A, Martin S, Klymchenko AS. Amplified Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization by Small and Bright Dye-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2022; 16:1381-1394. [PMID: 34928570 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Detection and imaging of RNA at the single-cell level is of utmost importance for fundamental research and clinical diagnostics. Current techniques of RNA analysis, including fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), are long, complex, and expensive. Here, we report a methodology of amplified FISH (AmpliFISH) that enables simpler and faster RNA imaging using small and ultrabright dye-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) functionalized with DNA. We found that the small size of NPs (below 20 nm) was essential for their access to the intracellular mRNA targets in fixed permeabilized cells. Moreover, proper selection of the polymer matrix of DNA-NPs minimized nonspecific intracellular interactions. Optimized DNA-NPs enabled sequence-specific imaging of different mRNA targets (survivin, actin, and polyA tails), using a simple 1 h staining protocol. Encapsulation of cyanine and rhodamine dyes with bulky counterions yielded green-, red-, and far-red-emitting NPs that were 2-100-fold brighter than corresponding quantum dots. These NPs enabled multiplexed detection of three mRNA targets simultaneously, showing distinctive mRNA expression profiles in three cancer cell lines. Image analysis confirmed the single-particle nature of the intracellular signal, suggesting single-molecule sensitivity of the method. AmpliFISH was found to be semiquantitative, correlating with RT-qPCR. In comparison with the commercial locked nucleic acid (LNA)-based FISH technique, AmpliFISH provides 8-200-fold stronger signal (dependent on the NP color) and requires only three steps vs ∼20 steps together with a much shorter time. Thus, combination of bright fluorescent polymeric NPs with FISH yields a fast and sensitive single-cell transcriptomic analysis method for RNA research and clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Egloff
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Nina Melnychuk
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Elisabete Cruz Da Silva
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Sophie Martin
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
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15
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Sobska J, Andreiuk B, Aparin IO, Reisch A, Krezel W, Klymchenko AS. Counterion-insulated near-infrared dyes in biodegradable polymer nanoparticles for in vivo imaging. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 4:39-48. [PMID: 35028505 PMCID: PMC8691417 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00649e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) are highly attractive for biomedical applications due to their potential biodegradability and capacity to encapsulate different loads, notably drugs and contrast agents. For in vivo optical bioimaging, NPs should operate in the near-infrared region (NIR) and exhibit stealth properties. In the present work, we applied the approach of ionic dye insulation with bulky hydrophobic counterions for encapsulation of near-infrared cyanine dyes (Cy5.5 and Cy7 bearing two octadecyl chains) into biodegradable polymer (PLGA) NPs. We found that at high dye loading (20-50 mM with respect to the polymer), the bulkiest fluorinated tetraphenylborate counterion minimized best the aggregation-caused quenching and improved fluorescence quantum yields of both NIR dyes, especially of Cy5.5. In addition, bulky counterions also enabled formation of small 40 nm polymeric NPs in contrast to smaller counterions. To provide them stealth properties, we prepared 40 nm dye-loaded PEGylated NPs through nanoprecipitation of synthetic PLGA-PEG block copolymer with the dye/counterion salt. The obtained NIR NPs loaded with Cy5.5 dye salt allowed in vivo imaging of wild-type mice with a good contrast after IV injection. Compared to the bare PLGA NPs, PLGA-PEG NPs exhibited significantly slower accumulation in the liver. Biodistribution studies confirmed the preferential accumulation in the liver, although PLGA and PLGA-PEG NPs could also be distributed in other organs, with the following tendency: liver > spleen > lungs > kidney > heart > testis > brain. Overall, the present work validated the counterion approach for encapsulation of NIR cyanine dyes into biodegradable polymer NPs bearing covalently attached PEG shell. Thus, we propose a simple and robust methodology for preparation of NIR fluorescent biodegradable polymer NPs, which could further improve the existing optical imaging for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Sobska
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC) - INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR-7104, University of Strasbourg 1, Rue Laurent Fries 67404 Illkirch France
| | - Bohdan Andreiuk
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg 74 Route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France
| | - Ilya O Aparin
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg 74 Route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg 74 Route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France
| | - Wojciech Krezel
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC) - INSERM U1258, CNRS UMR-7104, University of Strasbourg 1, Rue Laurent Fries 67404 Illkirch France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg 74 Route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France
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16
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Khalin I, Severi C, Heimburger D, Wehn A, Hellal F, Reisch A, Klymchenko AS, Plesnila N. Dynamic tracing using ultra-bright labeling and multi-photon microscopy identifies endothelial uptake of poloxamer 188 coated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nano-carriers in vivo. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2021; 40:102511. [PMID: 34915181 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The potential of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) to design nanoparticles (NPs) and target the central nervous system remains to be exploited. In the current study we designed fluorescent 70-nm PLGA NPs, loaded with bulky fluorophores, thereby making them significantly brighter than quantum dots in single-particle fluorescence measurements. The high brightness of NPs enabled their visualization by intravital real-time 2-photon microscopy. Subsequently, we found that PLGA NPs coated with pluronic F-68 circulated in the blood substantially longer than uncoated NPs and were taken up by cerebro-vascular endothelial cells. Additionally, confocal microscopy revealed that coated PLGA NPs were present in late endothelial endosomes of cerebral vessels within 1 h after systemic injection and were more readily taken up by endothelial cells in peripheral organs. The combination of ultra-bright NPs and in vivo imaging may thus represent a promising approach to reduce the gap between development and clinical application of nanoparticle-based drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Khalin
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany; Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
| | - Caterina Severi
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
| | - Doriane Heimburger
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
| | - Antonia Wehn
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany; Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Farida Hellal
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany; Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France.
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France.
| | - Nikolaus Plesnila
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany; Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
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17
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Protein-like particles through nanoprecipitation of mixtures of polymers of opposite charge. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 607:1786-1795. [PMID: 34600342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.09.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Polymer nanoparticles (NPs) have a very high potential for applications notably in the biomedical field. However, synthetic polymer NPs cannot yet concurrence the functionalities of proteins, their natural counterparts, notably in terms of size, control over internal structure and interactions with biological environments. We hypothesize that kinetic trapping of polymers bearing oppositely charged groups in NPs could bring a new level of control and allow mimicking the surfaces of proteins. EXPERIMENTS Here, the assembly of mixed-charge polymer NPs through nanoprecipitation of mixtures of oppositely charged polymers is studied. Two series of copolymers made of ethyl methacrylate and 1 to 25 mol% of either methacrylic acid or a trimethylammonium bearing methacrylate are synthesized. These carboxylic acid or trimethylammonium bearing polymers are then mixed in different ratios and nanoprecipitated. The influence of the charge fraction, mixing ratio of the polymers, and precipitation conditions on NP size and surface charge is studied. FINDINGS Using this approach, NPs of less than 25 nm with tunable surface charge from +40 mV to -40 mV are assembled. The resulting NPs are sensitive to pH and certain NP formulations have an isoelectric point allowing repeated charge reversal. Encapsulation of fluorescent dyes yields very bright fluorescent NPs, whose interactions with cells are studied through fluorescence microscopy. The obtained results show the potential of nanoprecipitation of oppositely charged polymers for the design of NPs with precisely tuned surface properties.
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18
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Andreiuk B, Aparin IO, Reisch A, Klymchenko AS. Bulky Barbiturates as Non-Toxic Ionic Dye Insulators for Enhanced Emission in Polymeric Nanoparticles. Chemistry 2021; 27:12877-12883. [PMID: 34164869 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bulky hydrophobic counterions (weakly coordinating anions) can insulate ionic dyes against aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) and enable preparation of highly fluorescent dye-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) for bioimaging, biosensing and light harvesting. Here, we introduce a family of hydrophobic anions based on fluorinated C-acyl barbiturates with delocalized negative charge and bulky non-polar groups. Similarly to fluorinated tetraphenylborates, these barbiturates prevent ACQ of cationic dye alkyl rhodamine B inside polymer NPs made of biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). Their efficiency to prevent ACQ increases for analogues with higher acidity and bulkiness. Their structure controls dye-dye communication, yielding bright NPs with on/off switching or stable emission. They enhance dye encapsulation inside NPs, allowing intracellular imaging without dye leakage. Compared to fluorinated tetraphenylborates known as cytotoxic transmembrane ion transporters, the barbiturates display a significantly lower cytotoxicity. These chemically available and versatile barbiturate derivatives are promising counterion scaffolds for preparation of bright non-toxic fluorescent nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohdan Andreiuk
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, ITI Chimie des Systèmes Complexes, Université de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, 67401, Illkirch, France
| | - Ilya O Aparin
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, ITI Chimie des Systèmes Complexes, Université de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, 67401, Illkirch, France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, ITI Chimie des Systèmes Complexes, Université de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, 67401, Illkirch, France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, ITI Chimie des Systèmes Complexes, Université de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, 67401, Illkirch, France
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19
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Ashoka AH, Klymchenko AS. Ultrabright Fluorescent Polymeric Nanofibers and Coatings Based on Ionic Dye Insulation with Bulky Counterions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:28889-28898. [PMID: 34106696 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Preparation of bright fluorescent materials based on polymers is hampered by a fundamental problem of aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) of encapsulated dyes. Here, ultrabright fluorescent polymeric nanofibers and coatings are prepared based on a concept of ionic dye insulation with bulky hydrophobic counterions that overcomes the ACQ problem. It is found that bulky hydrophobic counterion perfluorinated tetraphenylborate can boost >100-fold the fluorescence quantum yields of cationic dye octadecyl rhodamine B at high loading (30 wt %) in biocompatible poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The concept is applicable to both rhodamine and cyanine dyes, which results in bright fluorescent polymeric materials of four different colors spanning from blue to near-infrared. It allows for preparation of electrospun polymeric nanofibers with >50-fold higher dye loading by mass (30 wt %, >20-fold higher molarity for rhodamine dyes) while preserving good fluorescence quantum yields (31%), which implies drastic improvement in their fluorescence brightness. The counterion-based polymeric materials are also validated as coatings of model medical devices, such as stainless steel fiducials and 3D-printed stents of complex geometry. Spin-coated fluorescent polymeric films loaded with a dye paired with bulky counterions exhibit excellent biocompatibility and low toxicity. Moreover, counterion-modified materials show much better stability against dye leakage in the presence of living cells and a serum-containing medium, compared to materials based on the dye with a small inorganic anion. Overall, by pushing the barriers of ACQ, our counterion approach emerges as a powerful tool to develop ultrabright fluorescent polymeric materials ranging from nano- and macroscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anila Hoskere Ashoka
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
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20
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Li S, Zhong X, Xu Y, Zheng Y, Shi X, Li F, Guo S, Yang J. Smartphone-based reading system integrated with phycocyanin-enhanced latex nanospheres immunoassay for on-site determination of aflatoxin B1 in foodstuffs. Food Chem 2021; 360:130019. [PMID: 33975069 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Traditional methods for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) detection are complex, time-consuming, labor-intensive, and high cost. Moreover, they require sophisticated large-scale instrumentation, which limits their on-site rapid detection. Herein, phycocyanin fluorescent nanospheres based on fluorescence immunochromatographic assay were developed for quantitative detection of AFB1 at parts-per-billion (ppb) levels in foodstuffs. Phycocyanin and anti-AFB1 monoclonal antibodies were coupled on the surface of latex nanospheres to amplify the fluorescence signal and improve the sensitivity. The fluorescence intensity was measured by a self-developed smartphone-based reading system. Under the optimal conditions, this approach achieved quantitative point-of-care detection of AFB1 within 25 min. The calibration curve for AFB1 was linear in the range of 0.2-48 ppb, and the limit of detection was 0.16 ppb. The practical applicability of the proposed approach was demonstrated by the determination of AFB1 in naturally contaminated samples, and the results were consistent with HPLC detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Li
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhong
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yanan Xu
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yunquan Zheng
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Xianai Shi
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Shaobin Guo
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou 350108, China.
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21
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Chen J, Fateminia SMA, Kacenauskaite L, Bærentsen N, Grønfeldt Stenspil S, Bredehoeft J, Martinez KL, Flood AH, Laursen BW. Ultrabright Fluorescent Organic Nanoparticles Based on Small‐Molecule Ionic Isolation Lattices**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junsheng Chen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - S. M. Ali Fateminia
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - Laura Kacenauskaite
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - Nicolai Bærentsen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - Stine Grønfeldt Stenspil
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - Jona Bredehoeft
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - Karen L. Martinez
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - Amar H. Flood
- Molecular Materials Design Lab Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | - Bo W. Laursen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
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Chen J, Fateminia SMA, Kacenauskaite L, Bærentsen N, Grønfeldt Stenspil S, Bredehoeft J, Martinez KL, Flood AH, Laursen BW. Ultrabright Fluorescent Organic Nanoparticles Based on Small‐Molecule Ionic Isolation Lattices**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:9450-9458. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junsheng Chen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - S. M. Ali Fateminia
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - Laura Kacenauskaite
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - Nicolai Bærentsen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - Stine Grønfeldt Stenspil
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - Jona Bredehoeft
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - Karen L. Martinez
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
| | - Amar H. Flood
- Molecular Materials Design Lab Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | - Bo W. Laursen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
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23
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Egloff S, Runser A, Klymchenko A, Reisch A. Size-Dependent Electroporation of Dye-Loaded Polymer Nanoparticles for Efficient and Safe Intracellular Delivery. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2000947. [PMID: 34927896 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202000947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and safe delivery of nanoparticles (NPs) into the cytosol of living cells constitutes a major methodological challenge in bio-nanotechnology. Electroporation allows direct transfer of NPs into the cytosol by forming transient pores in the cell membrane, but it is criticized for invasiveness, and the applicable particle sizes are not well defined. Here, in order to establish principles for efficient delivery of NPs into the cytosol with minimal cytotoxicity, the influence of the size of NPs on their electroporation and intracellular behavior is investigated. For this study, fluorescent dye-loaded polymer NPs with core sizes between 10 and 40 nm are prepared. Optimizing the electroporation protocol allows minimizing contributions of endocytosis and to study directly the effect of NP size on electroporation. NPs of <20 nm hydrodynamic size are efficiently delivered into the cytosol, whereas this is not the case for NPs of >30 nm. Moreover, only particles of core size <15 nm diffuse freely throughout the cytosol. While electroporation at excessive electric fields induces cytotoxicity, the use of small NPs <20 nm allows efficient delivery at mild electroporation conditions. These results give clear methodological and design guidelines for the safe delivery of NPs for intracellular applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Egloff
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
| | - Anne Runser
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
| | - Andrey Klymchenko
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, Strasbourg, F-67000, France
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24
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Jana S, Xu X, Klymchenko A, Reisch A, Pons T. Microcavity-Enhanced Fluorescence Energy Transfer from Quantum Dot Excited Whispering Gallery Modes to Acceptor Dye Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2021; 15:1445-1453. [PMID: 33378154 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Whispering gallery mode (WGM) microcavities are emerging as potential candidates in the field of biosensing applications, as their resonance wavelengths shift with changes in the refractive index in the region of their evanescent field. Their high-quality resonance modes and accessible surface functionalities make them promising for molecular assays, but their high sensitivity makes them inherently unstable. Here, we demonstrate that WGM resonances also strongly enhance fluorescence energy transfer between donors placed inside the microcavity and acceptors placed outside. We load colloidal quantum dots (QDs) into polymeric microspheres to provide WGMs that benefit from the QD optical features when used as energy-transfer donors. Spectroscopic analysis of the emission from the microcavities shows that the high quality of WGMs enables a very efficient energy transfer to dye-loaded polymer nanoparticle acceptors placed in their vicinity. Compared to Förster resonance energy transfer, WGM-enabled energy transfer (WGET) occurs over a much more extended volume, thanks to the delocalization of the mode over a typically 105 times larger surface and to the extension of the WGM electromagnetic field to larger distances (>100 nm vs a few nm) from the surface of the microcavity. The resulting sensing scheme combines the sensitivity of WGM spectroscopy with the specificity and simple detection schemes of fluorescence energy transfer, thus providing a potentially powerful class of biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subha Jana
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des matériaux (LPEM, UMR 8213), ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Xiangzhen Xu
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des matériaux (LPEM, UMR 8213), ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Andrey Klymchenko
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas Pons
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des matériaux (LPEM, UMR 8213), ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
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25
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Stîngă G, Băran A, Iovescu A, Brânzoi F, Anghel DF. Impact of cationic surfactant on fluorescent complex of pyrene labeled poly(acrylic acid) and methylene blue. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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26
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Crosslinked chitosan embedded TiO 2 NPs and carbon dots-based nanocomposite: An excellent photocatalyst under sunlight irradiation. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:3676-3686. [PMID: 32888996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a new hybrid nanocomposite, comprising of titania nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) and carbon dots (CDs) deposited polyvinyl imidazole crosslinked chitosan [cl-Ch-p(VI)/TiO2NPs-CDs] has been developed. The nanocomposite has been synthesised by in-situ deposition of TiO2 NPs and CDs onto the surface of the copolymer under microwave irradiation. To the best of our knowledge, this in-situ approach has effectively been applied for the first time to fabricate green fluorescent CDs from sugar cane juice at moderate temperature (75 °C) under microwave irradiation. The developed nanocomposite has been characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, 13C NMR, XRD, HR-TEM, STEM and XPS analyses. The results suggest that the successful deposition of TiO2 NPs and CDs onto the surface of crosslinked chitosan is achieved. The experimental studies indicate that the NPs/CDs-impregnated nanocomposite allows efficient photocatalytic degradation of toxic organic compounds (~98.6% degradation of 2,4-dicholorophenol, ~95.8% degradation of Reactive Blue 4, ~98.2% degradation of Reactive Red 15) in the presence of sunlight. Finally, LC-MS analysis of the resultant degraded materials reveals the formation of organic molecules with lower molecular mass.
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27
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Yamauchi N, Yatabe R, Iino H, Nagatsuka M, Sogame Y, Ogata M, Kobayashi Y. Spontaneous immobilization of both a fluorescent dye and a functional sugar during the fabrication of submicron-sized PMMA particles in an aqueous solution. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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28
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Khalin I, Heimburger D, Melnychuk N, Collot M, Groschup B, Hellal F, Reisch A, Plesnila N, Klymchenko AS. Ultrabright Fluorescent Polymeric Nanoparticles with a Stealth Pluronic Shell for Live Tracking in the Mouse Brain. ACS NANO 2020; 14:9755-9770. [PMID: 32680421 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c01505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Visualizing single organic nanoparticles (NPs) in vivo remains a challenge, which could greatly improve our understanding of the bottlenecks in the field of nanomedicine. To achieve high single-particle fluorescence brightness, we loaded polymer poly(methyl methacrylate)-sulfonate (PMMA-SO3H) NPs with octadecyl rhodamine B together with a bulky hydrophobic counterion (perfluorinated tetraphenylborate) as a fluorophore insulator to prevent aggregation-caused quenching. To create NPs with stealth properties, we used the amphiphilic block copolymers pluronic F-127 and F-68. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) revealed that pluronics remained at the NP surface after dialysis (at one amphiphile per 5.5 nm2) and prevented NPs from nonspecific interactions with serum proteins and surfactants. In primary cultured neurons, pluronics stabilized the NPs, preventing their prompt aggregation and binding to neurons. By increasing dye loading to 20 wt % and optimizing particle size, we obtained 74 nm NPs showing 150-fold higher single-particle brightness with two-photon excitation than commercial Nile Red-loaded FluoSpheres of 39 nm hydrodynamic diameter. The obtained ultrabright pluronic-coated NPs enabled direct single-particle tracking in vessels of mice brains by two-photon intravital microscopy for at least 1 h, whereas noncoated NPs were rapidly eliminated from the circulation. Following brain injury or neuroinflammation, which can open the blood-brain barrier, extravasation of NPs was successfully monitored. Moreover, we demonstrated tracking of individual NPs from meningeal vessels until their uptake by meningeal macrophages. Thus, single NPs can be tracked in animals in real time in vivo in different brain compartments and their dynamics visualized with subcellular resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Khalin
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Klinikum der Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Doriane Heimburger
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Nina Melnychuk
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Mayeul Collot
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Bernhard Groschup
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Klinikum der Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Farida Hellal
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Klinikum der Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Nikolaus Plesnila
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Klinikum der Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
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29
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Severi C, Melnychuk N, Klymchenko AS. Smartphone-assisted detection of nucleic acids by light-harvesting FRET-based nanoprobe. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 168:112515. [PMID: 32862092 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care assays for optical detection of biomolecular markers attract growing attention, because of their capacity to provide rapid and inexpensive diagnostics of cancer and infectious diseases. Here, we designed a nanoprobe compatible with a smartphone RGB camera for detection of nucleic acids. It is based on light-harvesting polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulating green fluorescent donor dyes that undergo efficient Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) to red fluorescent acceptor hybridized at the particle surface. Green-emitting NPs are based on rhodamine 110 and 6G dyes paired with bulky hydrophobic counterions, which prevent dye self-quenching and ensure efficient energy transfer. Their surface is functionalized with a capture DNA sequence for cancer marker survivin, hybridized with a short oligonucleotide bearing FRET acceptor ATTO647N. Obtained 40-nm poly(methyl methacrylate)-based NP probe, encapsulating octadecyl rhodamine 6G dyes with tetrakis(perfluoro-tert-butoxy)aluminate counterions (~6000 dyes per NP), and bearing 65 acceptors, shows efficient FRET with >20% quantum yield and a signal amplification (antenna effect) of 25. It exhibits ratiometric response to the target DNA by FRET acceptor displacement and enables DNA detection in solution by fluorescence spectroscopy (limit of detection 3 pM) and on surfaces at the single-particle level using two-color fluorescence microscopy. Using a smartphone RGB camera, the nanoprobe response can be readily detected at 10 pM target in true color and in red-to-green ratio images. Thus, our FRET-based nanoparticle biosensor enables detection of nucleic acid targets using a smartphone coupled to an appropriate optical setup, opening the way to simple and inexpensive point-of-care assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Severi
- Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR 7021, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401, Cedex, Illkirch, France
| | - Nina Melnychuk
- Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR 7021, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401, Cedex, Illkirch, France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR 7021, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 74, Route du Rhin, 67401, Cedex, Illkirch, France.
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30
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31
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Ashokkumar P, Adarsh N, Klymchenko AS. Ratiometric Nanoparticle Probe Based on FRET-Amplified Phosphorescence for Oxygen Sensing with Minimal Phototoxicity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002494. [PMID: 32583632 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent oxygen probes enable direct imaging of hypoxic conditions in cells and tissues, which are associated with a variety of diseases, including cancer. Here, a nanoparticle probe that addresses key challenges in the field is developed, it: i) strongly amplifies room temperature phosphorescence of encapsulated oxygen-sensitive dyes; ii) provides ratiometric response to oxygen; and iii) solves the fundamental problem of phototoxicity of phosphorescent sensors. The nanoprobe is based on 40 nm polymeric nanoparticles, encapsulating ≈2000 blue-emitting cyanine dyes with fluorinated tetraphenylborate counterions, which are as bright as 70 quantum dots (QD525). It functions as a light-harvesting nanoantenna that undergoes efficient Förster resonance energy transfer to ≈20 phosphorescent oxygen-sensitive platinum octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP) acceptor dyes. The obtained nanoprobe emits stable blue fluorescence and oxygen-sensitive red phosphorescence, providing ratiometric response to dissolved oxygen. The light harvesting leads to ≈60-fold phosphorescence amplification and makes the single nanoprobe particle as bright as ≈1200 PtOEP dyes. This high brightness enables oxygen detection at a single-particle level and in cells at ultra-low nanoprobe concentration with no sign of phototoxicity, in contrast to PtOEP dye. The developed nanoprobe is successfully applied to the imaging of a microfluidics-generated oxygen gradient in cancer cells. It constitutes a promising tool for bioimaging of hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pichandi Ashokkumar
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, CS, 60024, France
- Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630003, India
| | - Nagappanpillai Adarsh
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, CS, 60024, France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, CS, 60024, France
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32
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Melnychuk N, Egloff S, Runser A, Reisch A, Klymchenko AS. Light‐Harvesting Nanoparticle Probes for FRET‐Based Detection of Oligonucleotides with Single‐Molecule Sensitivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Melnychuk
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et PathologiesUMR 7021 CNRSFaculté de PharmacieUniversité de Strasbourg 74, Route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France
| | - Sylvie Egloff
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et PathologiesUMR 7021 CNRSFaculté de PharmacieUniversité de Strasbourg 74, Route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France
| | - Anne Runser
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et PathologiesUMR 7021 CNRSFaculté de PharmacieUniversité de Strasbourg 74, Route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et PathologiesUMR 7021 CNRSFaculté de PharmacieUniversité de Strasbourg 74, Route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France
| | - Andrey S. Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et PathologiesUMR 7021 CNRSFaculté de PharmacieUniversité de Strasbourg 74, Route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France
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33
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Melnychuk N, Egloff S, Runser A, Reisch A, Klymchenko AS. Light‐Harvesting Nanoparticle Probes for FRET‐Based Detection of Oligonucleotides with Single‐Molecule Sensitivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6811-6818. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Melnychuk
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et PathologiesUMR 7021 CNRSFaculté de PharmacieUniversité de Strasbourg 74, Route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France
| | - Sylvie Egloff
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et PathologiesUMR 7021 CNRSFaculté de PharmacieUniversité de Strasbourg 74, Route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France
| | - Anne Runser
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et PathologiesUMR 7021 CNRSFaculté de PharmacieUniversité de Strasbourg 74, Route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et PathologiesUMR 7021 CNRSFaculté de PharmacieUniversité de Strasbourg 74, Route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France
| | - Andrey S. Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et PathologiesUMR 7021 CNRSFaculté de PharmacieUniversité de Strasbourg 74, Route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch France
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34
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Runser A, Dujardin D, Ernst P, Klymchenko AS, Reisch A. Zwitterionic Stealth Dye-Loaded Polymer Nanoparticles for Intracellular Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:117-125. [PMID: 31872751 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular applications of fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) as probes and labels are currently limited by significant molecular crowding and the high level of complexity encountered inside living cells. The solution is to develop very small, bright, and noninteracting (stealth) NPs. Combining these properties requires implementing the stealth behavior through the thinnest possible hydrophilic shell. Here, we propose a one-step process for preparing ultrasmall and bright stealth NPs based on a zwitterionic (ZI) methacrylate-based copolymer. Dye-loaded polymer NPs are assembled through nanoprecipitation of the copolymer together with the salt of a rhodamine B derivative and a bulky hydrophobic counterion to achieve high particle brightness. We found that 10 mol % ZI groups in the polymer yield NPs of less than 15 nm that are stable in physiological salt conditions and practically resistant to protein adsorption, as suggested by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. The combination of the very small size with the nonfouling nature of these particles enables spreading of ZI polymer NPs in the whole cytosol after their microinjection into living cells. In addition, single-particle tracking showed up to four times faster diffusion of ZI NPs in the cytosol compared to PEGylated NPs. The obtained dye-loaded ZI polymer NPs open the route to intracellular single-particle tracking and biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Runser
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie , CNRS UMR 7021, Université de Strasbourg , 67401 Illkirch Cedex , France
| | - Denis Dujardin
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie , CNRS UMR 7021, Université de Strasbourg , 67401 Illkirch Cedex , France
| | - Pauline Ernst
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie , CNRS UMR 7021, Université de Strasbourg , 67401 Illkirch Cedex , France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie , CNRS UMR 7021, Université de Strasbourg , 67401 Illkirch Cedex , France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie , CNRS UMR 7021, Université de Strasbourg , 67401 Illkirch Cedex , France
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Abstract
Unexpectedly bright photoluminescence emission can be observed in materials incorporating inorganic carbon when their size is reduced from macro–micro to nano. At present, there is no consensus in its understanding, and many suggested explanations are not consistent with the broad range of experimental data. In this Review, I discuss the possible role of collective excitations (excitons) generated by resonance electronic interactions among the chromophore elements within these nanoparticles. The Förster-type resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism of energy migration within nanoparticles operates when the composing fluorophores are the localized electronic systems interacting at a distance. Meanwhile, the resonance interactions among closely located fluorophores may lead to delocalization of the excited states over many molecules resulting in Frenkel excitons. The H-aggregate-type quantum coherence originating from strong coupling among the transition dipoles of adjacent chromophores in a co-facial stacking arrangement and exciton transport to emissive traps are the basis of the presented model. It can explain most of the hitherto known experimental observations and must stimulate the progress towards their versatile applications.
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36
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Galliani M, Signore G. Poly(Lactide-Co-Glycolide) Nanoparticles Co-Loaded with Chlorophyllin and Quantum Dots as Photodynamic Therapy Agents. Chempluschem 2019; 84:1653-1658. [PMID: 31943880 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an approach to treating cancer and involves light-induced activation of a photosensitizer that triggers the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in targeted cells and subsequent cell death. Examples of photosensitizers are porphyrins, including the natural compound chlorophyll. These molecules can be delivered alone or co-formulated with an agent, such as quantum dots (QDs), that is able to excite them through a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based mechanism. We encapsulated a chlorophyllin copper complex and CdSe/ZnS core-shell QDs into biodegradable nanoparticles (NPs) composed of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), that allow modification with specific targeting ligands. When excited at 365 nm, FRET occurs between co-encapsulated QDs and chlorophyllin to result in the formation of ROS. This chlorophyllin-QD coformulation allows generation of ROS both in an aqueous environment and in cells, thus confirming the potential of this formulation in PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Galliani
- NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Signore
- NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy.,Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, Via Ferruccio Giovannini 13, 56017, San Giuliano Terme, Pisa, Italy
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37
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Adarsh N, Klymchenko AS. Ionic aggregation-induced emission dye with bulky counterions for preparation of bright near-infrared polymeric nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:13977-13987. [PMID: 31309959 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr04085d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dyes exhibiting aggregation-induced emission (AIE) are attractive building blocks for the preparation of bright fluorescent nanomaterials. AIEgens are especially efficient in pure dye aggregates, whereas they are much less explored as dopants in NPs built of hydrophobic polymers. Here, we describe an approach that combines cationic AIEgens with bulky hydrophobic counterions (fluorinated tetraphenylborates) that enables preparation of small and bright AIEgen-loaded polymeric NPs. To this end, we synthesised a cationic tetraphenylethylene (TPE) derivative and studied its salts with counterions of different sizes and hydrophobicities. In organic solvent/water mixtures, all these salts exhibited typical AIE behaviour, whereas only salts with bulky hydrophobic counterions exhibited strongly red-shifted emission in the near-infrared (NIR) region. Encapsulation of these salts into poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) (PMMA-MA) NPs revealed that bulky counterions ensure (i) formation of small (∼50 nm) AIEgen-loaded polymeric NPs; (ii) good fluorescence quantum yield (up to 30%); and (iii) NIR emission reaching 700 nm. By contrast, AIEgens with small inorganic anions (perchlorate and hexafluorophosphate) blended with PMMA-MA produced large aggregates with emission in the far-red region. Single-particle microscopy revealed that our 50 nm AIEgen-loaded PMMA-MA NPs were 6-fold brighter than the NIR emitting quantum dots (QD705). These NPs feature low cytotoxicity and compatibility with live cell imaging, in contrast to large aggregates of AIEgens with small inorganic counterions that failed to internalize into the cells. The present work shows that combination of cationic AIEgens with bulky counterions opens new routes for the preparation of bright polymer-based nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagappanpillai Adarsh
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg CS 60024, France.
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg CS 60024, France.
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38
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Rosiuk V, Runser A, Klymchenko A, Reisch A. Controlling Size and Fluorescence of Dye-Loaded Polymer Nanoparticles through Polymer Design. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:7009-7017. [PMID: 31081637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoprecipitation is a straightforward yet powerful technique to synthesize polymer nanoparticles loaded with various biologically active compounds or contrast agents. Particle formation in this approach is kinetically controlled, and various assembly parameters have been used to control the size distribution and properties of the formed nanoparticles. Here, the influence of the nature of the polymer on the formation of nanoparticles in nanoprecipitation is studied systematically by varying its hydrophobicity and charge over a broad range. For this, methacrylate copolymers with different types and fractions of hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and charged side groups are synthesized. Nanoprecipitation of these polymers shows that particle size increases with increasing global hydrophobicity of the polymers. At the same time, both hydrophilic and charged groups reduce particle size. In this way, we achieve control over particle size from ∼10 to 200 nm. Furthermore, the effect of the polymer nature on the photophysical properties of nanoparticles loaded with a fluorescent dye, a rhodamine B derivative with a bulky hydrophobic counterion (fluorinated tetraphenylborate), is studied. It is found that the hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance of the polymer modulates to a large extent the spectral properties and fluorescence quantum yield of the dye encapsulated at high concentration, which reflects changes in the dye aggregation within the polymer matrix. Thus, we show how polymer chemistry can tune kinetically controlled formation of nanoparticles and encapsulation of the load. The concepts introduced here should be valuable tools for the design of nanoparticles for imaging and drug-delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitalii Rosiuk
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, CNRS UMR 7021, Faculté de Pharmacie , Université de Strasbourg , Cedex 67401 Illkirch , France
| | - Anne Runser
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, CNRS UMR 7021, Faculté de Pharmacie , Université de Strasbourg , Cedex 67401 Illkirch , France
| | - Andrey Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, CNRS UMR 7021, Faculté de Pharmacie , Université de Strasbourg , Cedex 67401 Illkirch , France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, CNRS UMR 7021, Faculté de Pharmacie , Université de Strasbourg , Cedex 67401 Illkirch , France
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39
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Camacho R, Täuber D, Scheblykin IG. Fluorescence Anisotropy Reloaded-Emerging Polarization Microscopy Methods for Assessing Chromophores' Organization and Excitation Energy Transfer in Single Molecules, Particles, Films, and Beyond. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1805671. [PMID: 30721532 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence polarization is widely used to assess the orientation/rotation of molecules, and the excitation energy transfer between closely located chromophores. Emerging since the 1990s, single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging stimulate the application of light polarization for studying molecular organization and energy transfer beyond ensemble averaging. Here, traditional fluorescence polarization and linear dichroism methods used for bulk samples are compared with techniques specially developed for, or inspired by, single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy. Techniques for assessing energy transfer in anisotropic samples, where the traditional fluorescence anisotropy framework is not readily applicable, are discussed in depth. It is shown that the concept of a polarization portrait and the single funnel approximation can lay the foundation for alternative energy transfer metrics. Examples ranging from fundamental studies of photoactive materials (conjugated polymers, light-harvesting aggregates, and perovskite semiconductors) to Förster resonant energy transfer (FRET)-based biomedical imaging are presented. Furthermore, novel uses of light polarization for super-resolution optical imaging are mentioned as well as strategies for avoiding artifacts in polarization microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Camacho
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniela Täuber
- Chemical Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden
- Biopolarisation, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, D-07745, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Solid State Physics, FSU Jena, Helmholtzweg 3, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Ivan G Scheblykin
- Chemical Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden
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40
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Xu J, Liu M, Athukorale S, Zou S, Zhang D. Linear Extrapolation of the Analyte-Specific Light Scattering and Fluorescence Depolarization in Turbid Samples. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:4739-4747. [PMID: 31459660 PMCID: PMC6648588 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropy and depolarization are two interconvertible parameters in fluorescence and light scattering spectroscopy that describe the polarization distribution of emitted and scattered photons generated with linearly polarized excitation light. Whereas anisotropy is more frequently used in fluorescence literature for studying association/dissociation of fluorophore-bearing reagents, depolarization is more popular in the light-scattering literature for investigating the effect of scatterers' geometries and chemical compositions. Presented herein is a combined computational and experimental study of the scattering and fluorescence depolarization enhancement induced by light scattering in turbid samples. The most important finding is that sample light scattering and fluorescence depolarization increases linearly with sample light-scattering extinction. Therefore, one can extrapolate the analyte-specific scattering and fluorescence depolarization through linear curve fitting of the sample light scattering and fluorescence depolarization as a function of the sample concentration or the path length of the sampling cuvettes. An example application of this linear extrapolation method is demonstrated for quantifying the fluorophore-specific fluorescence depolarization and consequently its anisotropy for an aggregation-induced-emission sample. This work should be important for a wide range of macromolecular, supramolecular, and nanoscale fluorescent materials that are often strong light scatterers due to their large sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna
Xiuzhu Xu
- Department
of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Muqiong Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Sumudu Athukorale
- Department
of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Shengli Zou
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Dongmao Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
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41
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Andreiuk B, Reisch A, Bernhardt E, Klymchenko AS. Fighting Aggregation‐Caused Quenching and Leakage of Dyes in Fluorescent Polymer Nanoparticles: Universal Role of Counterion. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:836-846. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bohdan Andreiuk
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR CNRS 7021University of Strasbourg 74 route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch Cedex France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR CNRS 7021University of Strasbourg 74 route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch Cedex France
| | - Eduard Bernhardt
- Inorganic Chemistry Department of the University of Wuppertal Gaussstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Andrey S. Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR CNRS 7021University of Strasbourg 74 route du Rhin 67401 Illkirch Cedex France
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42
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Funabiki K, Yanagawa R, Kubota Y, Inuzuka T. Thermo- and photo-stable symmetrical benzo[cd]indolenyl-substituted heptamethine cyanine dye carrying a tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate that absorbs only near-infrared light over 1000 nm. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00867e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thermo- and photo-stable NIR dyes absorbing only NIR light of over 1000 nm have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Funabiki
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science
- Gifu University
- Gifu 501-1193
- Japan
| | - Ryuta Yanagawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science
- Gifu University
- Gifu 501-1193
- Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kubota
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science
- Gifu University
- Gifu 501-1193
- Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Inuzuka
- Division of Instrumental Analysis
- Life Science Research Center
- Gifu University
- Gifu 501-1193
- Japan
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43
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Trofymchuk K, Valanciunaite J, Andreiuk B, Reisch A, Collot M, Klymchenko AS. BODIPY-loaded polymer nanoparticles: chemical structure of cargo defines leakage from nanocarrier in living cells. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:5199-5210. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02781a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobicity of a fluorescent cargo loaded into PLGA nanoparticles is crucial for minimizing its leakage in biological media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Trofymchuk
- Nanochemistry and Bioimaging Group
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies
- UMR 7021 CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- Illkirch
| | - Jurga Valanciunaite
- Nanochemistry and Bioimaging Group
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies
- UMR 7021 CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- Illkirch
| | - Bohdan Andreiuk
- Nanochemistry and Bioimaging Group
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies
- UMR 7021 CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- Illkirch
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Nanochemistry and Bioimaging Group
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies
- UMR 7021 CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- Illkirch
| | - Mayeul Collot
- Nanochemistry and Bioimaging Group
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies
- UMR 7021 CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- Illkirch
| | - Andrey S. Klymchenko
- Nanochemistry and Bioimaging Group
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies
- UMR 7021 CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- Illkirch
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44
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Attia MF, Brummel BR, Lex TR, Van Horn BA, Whitehead DC, Alexis F. Recent Advances in Polyesters for Biomedical Imaging. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800798. [PMID: 30295005 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Several synthetic materials exhibiting contrast imaging properties have become vital to the field of biomedical imaging. Polymeric biomaterials and metals are commonly used imaging agents and can assist in the monitoring of therapy response, migration, degradation, changes in morphology, defects, and image-guided surgery. In comparison to metals, most bio and synthetic polymers lack inherent imaging properties. Polymeric biomaterials, specifically polyesters, have gained a considerable amount of attention due to their unique properties including biocompatibility, biodegradation, facile synthesis, and modification capability. Polyester implants and nanomaterials are available on the market or are in clinical trials for many applications including: dental implants, cranio-maxilofacial implants, soft tissue sutures and staples, abdominal wall repair, tendon and ligament reconstruction, fracture fixation devices, and coronary drug eluting stents. This review aims to provide a summary of the recent developments of polyesters with bioimaging contrast properties. The three main approaches to prepare bioimaging polyesters (coating, encapsulation, and functionalization) are discussed in depth. Furthermore, commonly used imaging modalities including X-ray computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, fluorescence, and radionucleotide polyester contrast agents are highlighted. In each section, examples of impactful bioimaging polyesters in the five major imaging modalities are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F. Attia
- Department of Bioengineering; Clemson University; 301 Rhodes Research Center Clemson SC 29634 USA
| | - Beau R. Brummel
- Department of Chemistry; Clemson University; 467 Hunter Laboratories Clemson SC 29634 USA
| | - Timothy R. Lex
- Department of Chemistry; Clemson University; 467 Hunter Laboratories Clemson SC 29634 USA
| | - Brooke A. Van Horn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; College of Charleston; 66 George St. Charleston SC 29414 USA
| | - Daniel C. Whitehead
- Department of Chemistry; Clemson University; 467 Hunter Laboratories Clemson SC 29634 USA
| | - Frank Alexis
- Department of Bioengineering; Clemson University; 301 Rhodes Research Center Clemson SC 29634 USA
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering; Yachay Tech; Hacienda San José s/n; San Miguel de Urcuquí 100119 Ecuador
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45
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Rampazzo E, Bonacchi S, Juris R, Genovese D, Prodi L, Zaccheroni N, Montalti M. Dual-Mode, Anisotropy-Encoded, Ratiometric Fluorescent Nanosensors: Towards Multiplexed Detection. Chemistry 2018; 24:16743-16746. [PMID: 30256465 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A nanosensor with dual-mode fluorescence response to pH and an encoded identification signal, was developed by exploiting excitation energy transfer and tailored control of molecular organization in core-shell nanoparticles. Multiple signals were acquired in a simple single-excitation dual-emission channels set-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Rampazzo
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Bonacchi
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Riccardo Juris
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Damiano Genovese
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Prodi
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nelsi Zaccheroni
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Montalti
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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46
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Melnychuk N, Klymchenko AS. DNA-Functionalized Dye-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles: Ultrabright FRET Platform for Amplified Detection of Nucleic Acids. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:10856-10865. [PMID: 30067022 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Going beyond the limits of optical biosensing motivates exploration of signal amplification strategies that convert a single molecular recognition event into a response equivalent to hundreds of fluorescent dyes. In this respect, Førster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) with bright fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) is an attractive direction, but it is limited by poor efficiency of NPs as FRET donors, because their size is typically much larger than the Førster radius (∼5 nm). Here, we established FRET-based nanoparticle probes that overcome this fundamental limitation by exploiting a phenomenon of giant light harvesting with thousands of strongly coupled dyes in a polymer matrix. These nanoprobes are based on 40 nm dye-loaded poly(methyl methacrylate- co-methacrylic acid) (PMMA-MA) NPs, so-called light-harvesting nanoantennas, which are functionalized at their surface with oligonucleotides. To achieve this functionalization, we developed an original methodology: PMMA-MA was modified with azide/carboxylate bifunctional group that enabled assembly of small polymeric NPs and their further Cu-free click coupling with oligonucleotides. The obtained functionalized nanoantenna behaves as giant energy donor, where hybridization of target nucleic acid (encoding survivin cancer marker) with ∼23 grafted oligonucleotides/Cy5-acceptors switches on/off FRET from ∼3200 rhodamine-donors of the nanoantenna, leading to 75-fold signal amplification. In solution and on surfaces at single-particle level, the nanoprobe provides sequence-specific two-color ratiometric response to nucleic acids with limit of detection reaching 0.25 pM. It displays unprecedented brightness for a FRET biosensor: it outperforms analogous FRET-based molecular probe by >2000-fold and QDot-605 by ∼100-fold. The developed concept of amplified sensing will increase orders of magnitude sensitivity of fluorescent probes for biomolecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Melnychuk
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie , Université de Strasbourg , Strasbourg CS 60024 , France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie , Université de Strasbourg , Strasbourg CS 60024 , France
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47
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Bhargava S, Chu JJH, Valiyaveettil S. Controlled Dye Aggregation in Sodium Dodecylsulfate-Stabilized Poly(methylmethacrylate) Nanoparticles as Fluorescent Imaging Probes. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:7663-7672. [PMID: 30221237 PMCID: PMC6130898 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymer nanoparticles are used extensively in biomedical applications. Poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) nanoparticles obtained via nanoprecipitation were unstable and flocculate or precipitate from solution within a few hours. A simple method to improve the stability of the particles using surfactants at low concentrations was carried out to produce PMMA nanoparticles with long-term stability in water (>6 months). The increased stability was attributed to the incorporation of surfactants inside the polymer particles during nanoprecipitation. The same methodology was also adopted to encapsulate a highly fluorescent hydrophobic perylene tetraester inside the polymer nanoparticles with good stability in water. Because of the presence of the anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate, the particles showed a negative zeta potential of -34.7 mV and an average size of 150 nm. Similarly, the dye-encapsulated polymer nanoparticles showed a zeta potential of -35.1 mV and an average particle size of 180 nm. By varying the concentration of encapsulated dyes inside the polymer nanoparticles, dye aggregation could be controlled, and the fluorescence profiles of the nanoparticles were altered. To understand the uptake and toxicity of the polymer nanoparticles, baby hamster kidney cells were chosen as a model system. The polymer nanoparticles were taken up by the cells within 3 h and were nontoxic at concentrations as high as 100 ppm. The confocal micrographs of the cells revealed localized fluorescence from the polymer nanoparticles around the nucleus in the cytoplasm without the penetration of the nuclear envelope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samarth Bhargava
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
| | - Justin Jang Hann Chu
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, National
University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, 117545, Singapore
| | - Suresh Valiyaveettil
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
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