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Wei Y, Bhuyan P, Kwon SJ, Kim S, Bae Y, Singh M, Thanh Tran D, Ha M, Jeong KU, Ma X, Park B, Park S. Liquid Metal Grid Patterned Thin Film Devices Toward Absorption-Dominant and Strain-Tunable Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:248. [PMID: 39017957 PMCID: PMC11255180 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01457-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
The demand of high-performance thin-film-shaped deformable electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding devices is increasing for the next generation of wearable and miniaturized soft electronics. Although highly reflective conductive materials can effectively shield EMI, they prevent deformation of the devices owing to rigidity and generate secondary electromagnetic pollution simultaneously. Herein, soft and stretchable EMI shielding thin film devices with absorption-dominant EMI shielding behavior is presented. The devices consist of liquid metal (LM) layer and LM grid-patterned layer separated by a thin elastomeric film, fabricated by leveraging superior adhesion of aerosol-deposited LM on elastomer. The devices demonstrate high electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (SE) (SET of up to 75 dB) with low reflectance (SER of 1.5 dB at the resonant frequency) owing to EMI absorption induced by multiple internal reflection generated in the LM grid architectures. Remarkably, the excellent stretchability of the LM-based devices facilitates tunable EMI shielding abilities through grid space adjustment upon strain (resonant frequency shift from 81.3 to 71.3 GHz @ 33% strain) and is also capable of retaining shielding effectiveness even after multiple strain cycles. This newly explored device presents an advanced paradigm for powerful EMI shielding performance for next-generation smart electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Wei
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Department of Nano Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Priyanuj Bhuyan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Jin Kwon
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Sihyun Kim
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Department of Nano Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Bae
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Department of Nano Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Mukesh Singh
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Duy Thanh Tran
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Department of Nano Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjeong Ha
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Un Jeong
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Department of Nano Convergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Xing Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Byeongjin Park
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungjune Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Parale VG, Kim T, Choi H, Phadtare VD, Dhavale RP, Kanamori K, Park HH. Mechanically Strengthened Aerogels through Multiscale, Multicompositional, and Multidimensional Approaches: A Review. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307772. [PMID: 37916304 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, aerogels have attracted tremendous attention in academia and industry as a class of lightweight and porous multifunctional nanomaterial. Despite their wide application range, the low mechanical durability hinders their processing and handling, particularly in applications requiring complex physical structures. "Mechanically strengthened aerogels" have emerged as a potential solution to address this drawback. Since the first report on aerogels in 1931, various modified synthesis processes have been introduced in the last few decades to enhance the aerogel mechanical strength, further advancing their multifunctional scope. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art developments of mechanically strengthened aerogels through multicompositional and multidimensional approaches. Furthermore, new trends and future directions for as prevailed commercialization of aerogels as plastic materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak G Parale
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Taehee Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Haryeong Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Varsha D Phadtare
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Rushikesh P Dhavale
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Kazuyoshi Kanamori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hyung-Ho Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
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3
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Singh PP, Khatua BB. An Integrated Approach for Piezo-Electrochemical Nanoenergy Generation, Storage, and Real-Time Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Control. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:11050-11061. [PMID: 38349947 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The extensive utilization of high-end wireless electronic equipment in medical, robotics, satellite, and military communications has created a pressing challenge for real-time electromagnetic interference (EMI) control. Herein, a piezo-powered self-chargeable supercapacitor (PPSC) architecture based on an iron-doped graphitic nitride (Fe-g-C3N4: FGN) electrode with a solid piezoelectrolyte is devised, which can provide real-time controlled EMI shielding through piezo-powered self-charging voltage (SCV). This PPSC device along with real-time SCV-controlled EMI shielding also integrates additional features like nanoenergy generation and storing capability. The results demonstrate that the PPSC device is capable of exhibiting a piezo-tuned self-charging ability of up to 669.2 mV under 9.47 N of dynamic pressing for 180 s. The SCV electrostatically modifies the PPSC device that causes destructive interference and governs the absorption of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) and controls the absorption-dominated EMI shielding up to 59.2 dB at 500 mV. Additionally, the SCV-led electrification of the PPSC device also controls a unique functional transition from the EMR reflector to the EMR absorber at ∼90 mV. Hence, this strategy of tailored absorption and reflection adjustments of EMR could also potentially contribute toward the advancement of stealth technology for military armaments with externally controlled stealth capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Pal Singh
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Bhanu Bhusan Khatua
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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4
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Zhang Z, Ning X, Liu B, Zhou J, Sun Z. Self-Assembly TiO 2-Ti 3C 2T x Ball-Plate Structure for Highly Efficient Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 17:72. [PMID: 38203926 PMCID: PMC10779825 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
MXene is a promising candidate for the next generation of lightweight electromagnetic interference (EMI) materials owing to its low density, excellent conductivity, hydrophilic properties, and adjustable component structure. However, MXene lacks interlayer support and tends to agglomerate, leading to a shorter service life and limiting its development in thin-layer electromagnetic shielding material. In this study, we designed self-assembled TiO2-Ti3C2Tx materials with a ball-plate structure to mitigate agglomeration and obtain a thin-layer and multiple absorption porous materials for high-efficiency EMI shielding. The TiO2-Ti3C2Tx composite with a thickness of 50 μm achieved a shielding efficiency of 72 dB. It was demonstrated that the ball-plate structure generates additional interlayer cavities and internal interface, increasing the propagation path for an electromagnetic wave, which, in turn, raises the capacity of materials to absorb and dissipate the wave. These effects improve the overall EMI shielding performance of MXene and pave the way for the development of the next-generation EMI shielding system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.Z.); (X.N.); (J.Z.)
| | - Xingyang Ning
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.Z.); (X.N.); (J.Z.)
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Jian Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.Z.); (X.N.); (J.Z.)
| | - Zhimei Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.Z.); (X.N.); (J.Z.)
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5
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Lee JS, Kim JW, Lee JH, Son YK, Kim YB, Woo K, Lee C, Kim ID, Seok JY, Yu JW, Park JH, Lee KJ. Flash-Induced High-Throughput Porous Graphene via Synergistic Photo-Effects for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:191. [PMID: 37532956 PMCID: PMC10397175 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01157-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Porous 2D materials with high conductivity and large surface area have been proposed for potential electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials in future mobility and wearable applications to prevent signal noise, transmission inaccuracy, system malfunction, and health hazards. Here, we report on the synthesis of lightweight and flexible flash-induced porous graphene (FPG) with excellent EMI shielding performance. The broad spectrum of pulsed flashlight induces photo-chemical and photo-thermal reactions in polyimide films, forming 5 × 10 cm2-size porous graphene with a hollow pillar structure in a few milliseconds. The resulting material demonstrated low density (0.0354 g cm-3) and outstanding absolute EMI shielding effectiveness of 1.12 × 105 dB cm2 g-1. The FPG was characterized via thorough material analyses, and its mechanical durability and flexibility were confirmed by a bending cycle test. Finally, the FPG was utilized in drone and wearable applications, showing effective EMI shielding performance for internal/external EMI in a drone radar system and reducing the specific absorption rate in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Soo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Wook Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hee Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Koo Son
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Bin Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoohee Woo
- Department of Printed Electronics, Nano-Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), 156 Gajeongbuk-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanhee Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Seok
- Department of Mechanical System Design Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Yu
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Department of Aeronautics, Mechanical and Electronic Convergence Engineering), Kumoh National Institute of Technology, 61 Daehak-ro, Gumi, Gyeongbuk, 39177, Republic of Korea.
| | - Keon Jae Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Lee H, Ryu SH, Kwon SJ, Choi JR, Lee SB, Park B. Absorption-Dominant mmWave EMI Shielding Films with Ultralow Reflection using Ferromagnetic Resonance Frequency Tunable M-Type Ferrites. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:76. [PMID: 36976370 PMCID: PMC10050308 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01058-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Although there is a high demand for absorption-dominant electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials for 5G millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies, most current shielding materials are based on reflection-dominant conductive materials. While there are few absorption-dominant shielding materials proposed with magnetic materials, their working frequencies are usually limited to under 30 GHz. In this study, a novel multi-band absorption-dominant EMI shielding film with M-type strontium ferrites and a conductive grid is proposed. This film shows ultralow EMI reflection of less than 5% in multiple mmWave frequency bands with sub-millimeter thicknesses, while shielding more than 99.9% of EMI. The ultralow reflection frequency bands are controllable by tuning the ferromagnetic resonance frequency of M-type strontium ferrites and composite layer geometries. Two examples of shielding films with ultralow reflection frequencies, one for 39 and 52 GHz 5G telecommunication bands and the other for 60 and 77 GHz autonomous radar bands, are presented. The remarkably low reflectance and thinness of the proposed films provide an important advancement toward the commercialization of EMI shielding materials for 5G mmWave applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horim Lee
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwondaero, Seongsan-Gu, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-Do, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Han Ryu
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwondaero, Seongsan-Gu, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-Do, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Jin Kwon
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwondaero, Seongsan-Gu, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-Do, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ryung Choi
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwondaero, Seongsan-Gu, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-Do, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Bok Lee
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwondaero, Seongsan-Gu, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-Do, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongjin Park
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwondaero, Seongsan-Gu, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-Do, 51508, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Peng F, Zhu W, Fang Y, Fu B, Chen H, Ji H, Ma X, Hang C, Li M. Ultralight and Highly Conductive Silver Nanowire Aerogels for High-Performance Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:4284-4293. [PMID: 36634254 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metal-based materials possess superior electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance because of their extraordinary electrical conductivity. Nevertheless, the high density and structural rigidity of metals seriously limit their applicability in portable and wearable electronic equipment. A common method for reducing the density of metal-based materials is to prepare metal nanowire aerogels by freeze-drying, but the weak connection among the nanowires results in poor mechanical and electrical properties. Herein, a facile approach is developed for the one-step synthesis of silver nanowire (AgNW) aerogels with ultralow density, good flexibility, high electrical conductivity, and a robust structure. The gel is directly formed by in situ assembly of AgNWs. The end-to-end nanojoining of AgNWs contributes to constructing an interconnected three-dimensional (3D) network, resulting in improved mechanical and electrical properties. The AgNW aerogel with an ultralow density of 4.87 mg cm-3 demonstrates a high electrical conductivity of 4584 S m-1. Moreover, the porous structure of the AgNW aerogel provides numerous interfaces for multiple reflections and scattering of EM waves, allowing them to be continuously absorbed and dissipated within the aerogel. Thus, the AgNW aerogel exhibits a superb EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 109.3 dB and a normalized surface specific SE (SSE/t, calculated as the SE divided by the density and thickness) of 353 183 dB cm2 g-1, significantly above that of previously known shielding materials. This work provides a new route for preparing high-performance metal nanowire aerogels and their great potential in EMI shielding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Peng
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen518055, China
| | - Wenbo Zhu
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen518055, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen518055, China
| | - Bicheng Fu
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen518055, China
| | - Hongtao Chen
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen518055, China
| | - Hongjun Ji
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen518055, China
| | - Xing Ma
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen518055, China
| | - Chunjin Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin150001, China
| | - Mingyu Li
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin150001, China
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8
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Li Y, Shi Q, Peng L, Chang M, Zhou F, Gong C, Wu Y, Zhang L. Carbon nanotubes/cellulose composite aerogels with controllable microstructure for electromagnetic interference shielding. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- College of Material Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Science and Technology Xi'an China
| | - Qin Shi
- College of Material Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Science and Technology Xi'an China
| | - Longgui Peng
- College of Material Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Science and Technology Xi'an China
| | - Mengjie Chang
- College of Material Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Science and Technology Xi'an China
| | - Fang Zhou
- College of Material Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Science and Technology Xi'an China
| | - Changdan Gong
- College of Material Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Science and Technology Xi'an China
| | - Yi Wu
- College of Material Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Science and Technology Xi'an China
| | - Liangqing Zhang
- College of Material Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Science and Technology Xi'an China
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9
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Song B, Zhu X, Wang W, Wang L, Pei X, Qian X, Liu L, Xu Z. Toughening of melamine-formaldehyde foams and advanced applications based on functional design. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Xu L, Lu H, Dong Y, Fu Y, Ni Q. Graphene fibre film/polydimethylsiloxane nanocomposites for high-performance electromagnetic interference shielding. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:3804-3815. [PMID: 36133325 PMCID: PMC9470028 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00243d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Exploration of high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials has become a trend to address the increasing electromagnetic (EM) wave pollution environment. In this paper, oriented graphene fibre film (GFF)/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) nanocomposites with one-ply unidirectional, two-ply cross-ply, and two-ply unidirectional configurations were prepared using wet-spinning and hot-pressing techniques in a two-step process. Due to the anisotropic electrical performance of GFF, the one-ply laminate exhibits EMI shielding anisotropy that is affected by fibre orientation relative to the electric field component in EM waves. The maximum shielding difference at 8.8 GHz is up to 32.0 dB between the fibre orientation parallel to and perpendicular to the electric field component. In addition, we found that adding a layer of GFF is an intuitive method to enhance the shielding efficiency (SE) of GFF/PDMS nanocomposites by providing more interfaces to enhance absorption losses. An optimal EMI shielding performance of a two-ply unidirectional laminate is observed with an SE value of 50.6 dB, which shields 99.999% of EM waves. The shielding mechanisms are also discussed and clarified from the results of both experimental and theoretical analyses by adjusting the GFF structural parameters, such as the fibre orientation, areal density, number of plies and stacking sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018 China
| | - Haohao Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018 China
| | - Yubing Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018 China
| | - Yaqin Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018 China
| | - Qingqing Ni
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018 China
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11
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Yost DC, Friedman AL, Hanbicki AT, Grossman JC. 2D Monolayers for Superior Transparent Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. ACS NANO 2022; 16:9498-9509. [PMID: 36350197 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With countless modern technologies utilizing wireless communication, materials that can selectively allow transmission of visible light and prevent transmission of low frequency GHz electromagnetic interference (EMI) are needed. Recently, 2D materials such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, and MXenes have shown promise for such applications. Despite the rapid advances, little progress has been made in identifying 2D monolayers with intrinsically higher visible transmittance (Tvis) and shielding effectiveness (SE). With endless variations in structure and composition, the 2D materials space is too large for systematic experimental investigation. To tackle this challenge, we perform a high-throughput computational screening. Using an atomistic first-principles method, we simultaneously calculate Tvis and SE of 7000 2D monolayer materials. We identify 26 monolayer materials with excellent properties of >98% Tvis and >5 dB SE (∼70% EMI attenuation). The top candidate, an AgSe2 monolayer with predicted 98.53% Tvis and 12.53 dB SE (∼94% EMI attenuation), is a significant improvement over the state-of-the-art, graphene, with 96.7% Tvis and 3.04 dB SE (∼40% EMI attenuation). Additionally, we gain physical insights into the transparent EMI shielding performance of 2D monolayers and their electronic structure, elucidating the role of surface terminations and nearly free electron states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dillon C Yost
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Adam L Friedman
- Laboratory for Physical Sciences, 8050 Greenmead Dr., College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Aubrey T Hanbicki
- Laboratory for Physical Sciences, 8050 Greenmead Dr., College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Jeffrey C Grossman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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12
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Yang W, Tong Q, Li Y, Li Q, Zheng Q, Hao W. Self‐healable electromagnetic interference shielding composite films with temperature and strain dual responsiveness. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China
| | - Qingdong Tong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China
| | - Yuqing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China
| | - Qianqian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China
| | - Qiannan Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China
| | - Wentao Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China
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13
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Shahbazi M, Aghvami‐Panah M, Panahi‐Sarmad M, Seraji AA, Zeraatkar A, Ghaffarian Anbaran R, Xiao X. Fabricating bimodal microcellular structure in polystyrene/carbon nanotube/glass‐fiber hybrid nanocomposite foam by microwave‐assisted heating: A proof‐of‐concept study. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnaz Shahbazi
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐Textiles, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi PR China
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Color Technology AmirKabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Aghvami‐Panah
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐Textiles, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi PR China
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Color Technology AmirKabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Mahyar Panahi‐Sarmad
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐Textiles, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi PR China
| | - Amir Abbas Seraji
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Color Technology AmirKabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Ali Zeraatkar
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Color Technology AmirKabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Reza Ghaffarian Anbaran
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Color Technology AmirKabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Xueliang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐Textiles, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi PR China
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14
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Dai Y, Zhang XJ, Wen B, Du QY. Facile synthesis of polypyrrole nanoparticles with tunable conductivity for efficient electromagnetic wave absorption and shielding performance. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00206j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The exploitation of highly efficient electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption and shielding material is deemed as a valid strategy to eliminate EM radiation/interference. However, it is arduous for a material to...
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15
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Bozó É, Ervasti H, Halonen N, Shokouh SHH, Tolvanen J, Pitkänen O, Järvinen T, Pálvölgyi PS, Szamosvölgyi Á, Sápi A, Konya Z, Zaccone M, Montalbano L, De Brauwer L, Nair R, Martínez-Nogués V, San Vicente Laurent L, Dietrich T, Fernández de Castro L, Kordas K. Bioplastics and Carbon-Based Sustainable Materials, Components, and Devices: Toward Green Electronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:49301-49312. [PMID: 34609829 PMCID: PMC8532127 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The continuously growing number of short-life electronics equipment inherently results in a massive amount of problematic waste, which poses risks of environmental pollution, endangers human health, and causes socioeconomic problems. Hence, to mitigate these negative impacts, it is our common interest to substitute conventional materials (polymers and metals) used in electronics devices with their environmentally benign renewable counterparts, wherever possible, while considering the aspects of functionality, manufacturability, and cost. To support such an effort, in this study, we explore the use of biodegradable bioplastics, such as polylactic acid (PLA), its blends with polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and composites with pyrolyzed lignin (PL), and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), in conjunction with processes typical in the fabrication of electronics components, including plasma treatment, dip coating, inkjet and screen printing, as well as hot mixing, extrusion, and molding. We show that after a short argon plasma treatment of the surface of hot-blown PLA-PHB blend films, percolating networks of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) having sheet resistance well below 1 kΩ/□ can be deposited by dip coating to make electrode plates of capacitive touch sensors. We also demonstrate that the bioplastic films, as flexible dielectric substrates, are suitable for depositing conductive micropatterns of SWCNTs and Ag (1 kΩ/□ and 1 Ω/□, respectively) by means of inkjet and screen printing, with potential in printed circuit board applications. In addition, we exemplify compounded and molded composites of PLA with PL and MWCNTs as excellent candidates for electromagnetic interference shielding materials in the K-band radio frequencies (18.0-26.5 GHz) with shielding effectiveness of up to 40 and 46 dB, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Bozó
- Microelectronics
Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, PO Box 4500, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Henri Ervasti
- Microelectronics
Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, PO Box 4500, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Niina Halonen
- Microelectronics
Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, PO Box 4500, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Seyed Hossein Hosseini Shokouh
- Microelectronics
Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, PO Box 4500, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Jarkko Tolvanen
- Microelectronics
Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, PO Box 4500, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Olli Pitkänen
- Microelectronics
Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, PO Box 4500, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Topias Järvinen
- Microelectronics
Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, PO Box 4500, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Petra S. Pálvölgyi
- Microelectronics
Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, PO Box 4500, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland
| | - Ákos Szamosvölgyi
- Department
of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich B. tér 1, Szeged 6720, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE
Reaction Kinetics and Surface Chemistry Research Group, University of Szeged, Rerrich B. tér 1, Szeged 6720, Hungary
| | - András Sápi
- Department
of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich B. tér 1, Szeged 6720, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE
Reaction Kinetics and Surface Chemistry Research Group, University of Szeged, Rerrich B. tér 1, Szeged 6720, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Konya
- Department
of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich B. tér 1, Szeged 6720, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE
Reaction Kinetics and Surface Chemistry Research Group, University of Szeged, Rerrich B. tér 1, Szeged 6720, Hungary
| | - Marta Zaccone
- Proplast—Consorzio
per la Promozione della Cultura Plastica, Via Roberto di Ferro, 86, 15122 Alessandria (AL), Italy
| | - Luana Montalbano
- Proplast—Consorzio
per la Promozione della Cultura Plastica, Via Roberto di Ferro, 86, 15122 Alessandria (AL), Italy
| | - Laurens De Brauwer
- Bio
Base Europe Pilot Plant VZW, Rodenhuizekaai 1, 9042 Desteldonk (Gent), Belgium
| | - Rakesh Nair
- Bio
Base Europe Pilot Plant VZW, Rodenhuizekaai 1, 9042 Desteldonk (Gent), Belgium
| | | | - Leire San Vicente Laurent
- TECNALIA,
Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Health Division, Parque
Tecnológico de Álava, Leonardo Da Vinci, 11, E-01510 Miñano, Araba, Spain
| | - Thomas Dietrich
- TECNALIA,
Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Health Division, Parque
Tecnológico de Álava, Leonardo Da Vinci, 11, E-01510 Miñano, Araba, Spain
| | - Laura Fernández de Castro
- TECNALIA,
Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Health Division, Parque
Tecnológico de Álava, Leonardo Da Vinci, 11, E-01510 Miñano, Araba, Spain
| | - Krisztian Kordas
- Microelectronics
Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, PO Box 4500, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland
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16
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Guo L, Wan K, Liu B, Wang Y, Wei G. Recent advance in the fabrication of carbon nanofiber-based composite materials for wearable devices. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:442001. [PMID: 34325413 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac18d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) exhibit the advantages of high mechanical strength, good conductivity, easy production, and low cost, which have shown wide applications in the fields of materials science, nanotechnology, biomedicine, tissue engineering, sensors, wearable electronics, and other aspects. To promote the applications of CNF-based nanomaterials in wearable devices, the flexibility, electronic conductivity, thickness, weight, and bio-safety of CNF-based films/membranes are crucial. In this review, we present recent advances in the fabrication of CNF-based composite nanomaterials for flexible wearable devices. For this aim, firstly we introduce the synthesis and functionalization of CNFs, which promote the optimization of physical, chemical, and biological properties of CNFs. Then, the fabrication of two-dimensional and three-dimensional CNF-based materials are demonstrated. In addition, enhanced electric, mechanical, optical, magnetic, and biological properties of CNFs through the hybridization with other functional nanomaterials by synergistic effects are presented and discussed. Finally, wearable applications of CNF-based materials for flexible batteries, supercapacitors, strain/piezoresistive sensors, bio-signal detectors, and electromagnetic interference shielding devices are introduced and discussed in detail. We believe that this work will be beneficial for readers and researchers to understand both structural and functional tailoring of CNFs, and to design and fabricate novel CNF-based flexible and wearable devices for advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Keming Wan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
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17
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Shi HG, Zhao HB, Liu BW, Wang YZ. Multifunctional Flame-Retardant Melamine-Based Hybrid Foam for Infrared Stealth, Thermal Insulation, and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:26505-26514. [PMID: 34048209 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctionalization is an important development direction of electromagnetic interference (EMI)-shielding materials. However, it is still a huge challenge to effectively integrate multiple functions into materials. Herein, we reported a facile method to fabricate multifunctional EMI-shielding materials, which were assembled with multidimensional components consisting of a 3D melamine-formaldehyde (MF) foam skeleton, 0D ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles, and 1D silver nanowires (AgNWs) via coprecipitation and dip-coating processes. Due to the coaction of conductive AgNWs and magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles, the resultant hybrid foam showed excellent absorption-dominant EMI-shielding performances with a high specific EMI-shielding effectiveness value of 12,704 dB cm2 g-1. Moreover, thanks to the multilayer porous micro-/nanostructure and the nonflammability of functional coatings, the hybrid foam shows excellent flame retardancy and heat insulation, making it attractive for the functions of infrared stealth and heat insulation. The corresponding mechanism is discussed in detail. Combined with the advantages of high thermal insulation, flame retardancy, elasticity, and excellent absorption-dominant EMI-shielding performances, the hybrid foam showed great applications in the fields of both military and civilian. This work provides new inspiration and insights for the design of multifunctional high-performance EMI-absorbing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Gang Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Hai-Bo Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Bo-Wen Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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18
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Xu MK, Liu J, Zhang HB, Zhang Y, Wu X, Deng Z, Yu ZZ. Electrically Conductive Ti3C2Tx MXene/Polypropylene Nanocomposites with an Ultralow Percolation Threshold for Efficient Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ji Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- School of Chemistry, CRANN, AMBER & I-Form, Trinity College DublinRINGGOLD, D2 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hao-Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhiming Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhong-Zhen Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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19
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Kuang D, Wang S, Hou L, Luo H, Deng L, Chen C, Song M, Mead JL, Huang H. A comparative study on the dielectric response and microwave absorption performance of FeNi-capped carbon nanotubes and FeNi-cored carbon nanoparticles. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 32:105701. [PMID: 33126231 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abc644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms responsible for the dielectric response of C-based microwave absorbers remain a long-standing theoretical question. Uncovering these mechanisms is critical to enhance their microwave absorption performance. To determine how different C forms alter the dielectric response of C-based absorbers, FeNi-capped carbon nanotubes (FeNi-CNTs) and FeNi-cored carbon nanoparticles (FeNi-CNPs) are synthesized, and a comparative study of their dielectric responses is then carried out in this study. The as-synthesized FeNi-CNTs and FeNi-CNPs have similar magnetic properties and complex permeabilities, but differ in complex permittivities. It is shown that FeNi-CNTs have a much stronger dielectric loss than FeNi-CNPs. At a thickness of 2.8 mm, a low optimal reflection loss of -32.2 dB and a broad effective absorption bandwidth of 8.0 GHz are achieved for FeNi-CNTs. Meanwhile, equivalent circuit models reveal that the CNT network of the FeNi-CNTs could introduce an electrical inductance that can effectively improve its dielectric loss capability. This study demonstrates that designing a composite with a tailored C form and composition is a successful strategy for tuning its microwave absorption performance. Furthermore, the equivalent circuit modeling is an effective tool for analyzing the dielectric response of the microwave absorbers, as is expected to be applicable for other metal-C composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daitao Kuang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiliang Wang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhen Hou
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Luo
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianwen Deng
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuansheng Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Song
- State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - James L Mead
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Han Huang
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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20
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Zhang J, Yan Z, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zou H, Le Y, Chen JF. Conductive Skeleton-Heterostructure Composites Based on Chrome Shavings for Enhanced Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:53076-53087. [PMID: 33169974 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Renewable bio-based electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials receive increasing attention undoubtedly. However, there is still a challenge to use raw biomass materials to construct a significant structure through an effortless and environmental route for EMI shielding applications. Herein, for the first time, we demonstrated a hybrid composite of multi-walled carbon nanotube/polypyrrole/chrome-tanned collagen fiber (MWCNT/PPy/CF), which utilized waste chrome shavings as a matrix. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that the chromium on the CF has a binding effect on the PPy layer, which endows the tight integration between the CF and PPy layer. After the MWCNT network was loaded on the PPy layer, this ternary structure could provide stable conductive paths and a rich number of polarized interfaces. The MWCNT/PPy/CF composite exhibits superior electrical conductivity (354 ± 52 S/m), higher than PPy/CF (222 ± 38 S/m) and MWCNT/CF (104 ± 11 S/m), owing to the synergy of dual conductive structures. Notably, the shielding effectiveness (SE) value of the MWCNT/PPy/CF composite reaches 30 dB in the X band at a thickness of 0.48 mm. The shielding effectiveness of reflection (SER) (9.1 dB) is similar to that of PPy/CF (8.2 dB), while the shielding effectiveness of absorption (SEA) is significantly improved from 15.3 dB (PPy/CF) to 20.4 dB (MWCNT/PPy/CF) due to the additional coverage of the MWCNT network. This indicates the synergy between the MWCNT network and conductive PPy/CF skeleton. This work provided a method to prepare sustainable and low-cost renewable EMI shielding materials using chrome shavings. Meanwhile, this novel structure combining a conductive skeleton and heterostructure can be considered as a potential application in relevant fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Zixuan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xingzheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Haikui Zou
- Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Yuan Le
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Jian-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
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21
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Mei X, Lu L, Xie Y, Yu YX, Tang Y, Teh KS. Preparation of Flexible Carbon Fiber Fabrics with Adjustable Surface Wettability for High-Efficiency Electromagnetic Interference Shielding. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:49030-49041. [PMID: 33073568 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c08868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the 5G era, for portable electronics to operate at high performance and low power levels, the incorporation of superior electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials within the packages is of critical importance. A desirable wearable EMI shielding material is one that is lightweight, structurally flexible, air-permeable, and able to self-clean. To this end, a bioinspired electroless silver plating strategy and a one-step electrodeposition method are utilized to prepare an EMI shielding fabric (CEF-NF/PDA/Ag/50-30) that possesses these desirable properties. Porous CEF-NF mats with a spatially distributed silver coating create efficient pathways for electron movement and enable a remarkable conductivity of 370 S mm-1. When tested within a frequency range of 8.2-12.4 GHz, this highly conductive fabric not only achieves an EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE of 101.27 dB at 5028 dB cm2 g-1) comparable to a very thin and light metal but also retains the unique properties of fabrics-being light, structurally flexible, and breathable. In addition, it exhibits a high contact angle (CA) of 156.4° with reversible surface wettability. After having been subjected to 1000 cycles of bending, the performance of the fabric only decreases minimally. This strategy potentially provides a novel way to design and manufacture an easily integrated EMI shielding fabric for flexible wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Mei
- School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381#Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Longsheng Lu
- School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381#Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yingxi Xie
- School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381#Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381#Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yong Tang
- School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381#Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Kwok Siong Teh
- School of Engineering, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California 94132, United States
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22
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Advances in Manufacturing Composite Carbon Nanofiber-Based Aerogels. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs4020073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This article provides an overview on manufacturing composite carbon nanofiber-based aerogels through freeze casting technology. As known, freeze casting is a relatively new manufacturing technique for generating highly porous structures. During the process, deep cooling is used first to rapidly solidify a well-dispersed slurry. Then, vacuum drying is conducted to sublimate the solvent. This allows the creation of highly porous materials. Although the freeze casting technique was initially developed for porous ceramics processing, it has found various applications, especially for making aerogels. Aerogels are highly porous materials with extremely high volume of free spaces, which contributes to the characteristics of high porosity, ultralight, large specific surface area, huge interface area, and in addition, super low thermal conductivity. Recently, carbon nanofiber aerogels have been studied to achieve exceptional properties of high stiffness, flame-retardant and thermal-insulating. The freeze casting technology has been reported for preparing carbon nanofiber composite aerogels for energy storage, energy conversion, water purification, catalysis, fire prevention etc. This review deals with freeze casting carbon nanofiber composite materials consisting of functional nanoparticles with exceptional properties. The content of this review article is organized as follows. The first part will introduce the general freeze casting manufacturing technology of aerogels with the emphasis on how to use the technology to make nanoparticle-containing composite carbon nanofiber aerogels. Then, modeling and characterization of the freeze cast particle-containing carbon nanofibers will be presented with an emphasis on modeling the thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of the carbon nanofiber network aerogels. After that, the applications of the carbon nanofiber aerogels will be described. Examples of energy converters, supercapacitors, secondary battery electrodes, dye absorbents, sensors, and catalysts made from composite carbon nanofiber aerogels will be shown. Finally, the perspectives to future work will be presented.
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23
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Zhou ZH, Li MZ, Huang HD, Li L, Yang B, Yan DX, Li ZM. Structuring Hierarchically Porous Architecture in Biomass-Derived Carbon Aerogels for Simultaneously Achieving High Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effectiveness and High Absorption Coefficient. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:18840-18849. [PMID: 32223261 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Developing high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with high absorption coefficient is highly desired for eliminating the secondary pollution of reflected electromagnetic wave (EMW). Nevertheless, it has long been a daunting challenge to achieve high shielding effectiveness (SE) and ultralow or no reflection SE simultaneously. Herein, highly porous and conductive carbon nanotube (CNT)-based carbon aerogel with a meticulously designed hierarchically porous structure from micro and sub-micro to nano levels is developed by specific two-stage pyrolysis and potassium hydroxide activation processes. The resultant activated cellulose-derived carbon aerogels (a-CCAs) exhibit an ultrahigh EMI SE of 96.4 dB in the frequency range of 8.2-12.4 GHz in conjunction with an exceptionally high absorption coefficient of 0.79 at a low density of 30.5 mg cm-3. The successful construction of hierarchically porous structure is responsible for the excellent "structurally absorbing" ability of a-CCAs, and the introduction of CNT-based heterogeneous conductive network can effectively dissipate the incident EMWs by interfacial polarization and microcurrent losses. Moreover, the as-prepared a-CCAs have a water contact angle of as high as 158.3°and a sliding angle of as low as 5.3°, revealing their superhydrophobic feature. The ingenious structure design proposed here provides a possible pathway to overcome the conflict between high EMI shielding performance and ultralow or no secondary reflection, and the as-prepared a-CCAs are exceedingly promising in the application of telecommunication, microelectronics, and spacecraft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Han Zhou
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Meng-Zhu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hua-Dong Huang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lei Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Biao Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ding-Xiang Yan
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhong-Ming Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu 610065, China
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24
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Li J, Chen JL, Tang XH, Cai JH, Liu JH, Wang M. Constructing nanopores in poly(oxymethylene)/multi-wall carbon nanotube nanocomposites via poly(l-lactide) assisting for improving electromagnetic interference shielding. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 565:536-545. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Hu P, Lyu J, Fu C, Gong WB, Liao J, Lu W, Chen Y, Zhang X. Multifunctional Aramid Nanofiber/Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Aerogel Films. ACS NANO 2020; 14:688-697. [PMID: 31851483 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Lightweight, robust, and thin aerogel films with multifunctionality are highly desirable to meet the technological demands of current society. However, fabrication and application of these multifunctional aerogel films are still significantly underdeveloped. Herein, we demonstrate a multifunctional aerogel film composed of strong aramid nanofibers (ANFs), conductive carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and hydrophobic fluorocarbon (FC) resin. The obtained hybrid aerogel film exhibits large specific surface area (232.8 m2·g-1), high electrical conductivity (230 S·m-1), and excellent hydrophobicity (contact angle of up to 137.0°) with exceptional Joule heating performance and supreme electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding efficiency. The FC coating renders the hydrophilic ANF/CNT aerogel films hydrophobic, resulting in an excellent self-cleaning performance. The high electrical conductivity enables a low-voltage-driven Joule heating property and an EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 54.4 dB in the X-band at a thickness of 568 μm. The specific EMI SE is up to 33528.3 dB·cm2·g-1, which is among the highest values of typical metal-, conducting-polymer-, or carbon-based composites. This multifunctional aerogel film holds great promise for smart garments, electromagnetic wave shielding, and personal thermal management systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiying Hu
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Hainan University , 58 Renmin Avenue , Haikou 570228 , P.R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , P.R. China
| | - Jing Lyu
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , P.R. China
| | - Chen Fu
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , P.R. China
| | - Wen-Bin Gong
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , P.R. China
| | - Jianhe Liao
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Hainan University , 58 Renmin Avenue , Haikou 570228 , P.R. China
| | - Weibang Lu
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , P.R. China
| | - Yongping Chen
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Hainan University , 58 Renmin Avenue , Haikou 570228 , P.R. China
| | - Xuetong Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , P.R. China
- Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science , University College London , London NW3 2PF , United Kingdom
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Weng C, Wang G, Dai Z, Pei Y, Liu L, Zhang Z. Buckled AgNW/MXene hybrid hierarchical sponges for high-performance electromagnetic interference shielding. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:22804-22812. [PMID: 31750492 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr07988b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials is moving forward towards being lightweight and showing high-performance. Here, we report on lightweight silver nanowire (AgNW)/MXene hybrid sponges featuring hierarchical structures that are fabricated by a combination of dip-coating and unidirectional freeze-drying methods. The commercial melamine formaldehyde sponges (MF), designed with a buckled structure, are chosen as the template for coating with the AgNW layer (BMF/AgNW). Furthermore, the additional irregular honeycomb architecture composed of MXene assembled cell walls is introduced inside the BMF cell-matrix through unidirectional freeze-drying of MXene aqueous suspensions. Consequently, the BMF/AgNW presents a better EMI shielding effectiveness of 40.0 dB contributed by the conductive network and multiple reflections and scattering compared with the MF/AgNW. Eventually, the resulting AgNW/MXene hybrid sponge exhibits a higher EMI shielding effectiveness of 52.6 dB with a low density of 49.5 mg cm-3 compared with the BMF/AgNW due to synergetic effects of the AgNW and MXene both in conductivity and hierarchical structure. These results also provide a novel way to fabricate lightweight and conductive sponges as high-performance EMI shielding materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxin Weng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guorui Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Zhaohe Dai
- Center for Mechanics of Solids, Structures and Materials, Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Yongmao Pei
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Luqi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Zhong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
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Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on the Electrical Property and Photosensitivity of a PAN-PMMA Derived Carbon Fiber. CHEMENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering3040086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fibers are promising materials being utilized in electronics, principally in the areas of capacitors and sensors. In this study, we examine the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the electrical conductive behavior and photosensitivity of a carbon-based fiber, which was made by electrospinning a polymer solution containing polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and dimethylformamide (DMF). Converting the polymeric fiber into a carbon fiber was performed through the controlled pyrolysis during which oxidation, stabilization, and carbonization happened. After oxidation at an elevated temperature, the linear polymer fiber was stabilized to have a backbone structure. Then the oxidized fiber was treated in an even higher temperature range to be partially carbonized under the protection of argon gas. We utilized multiple samples of the fibers treated at various pyrolysis temperatures inside a heat furnace and examined the effects of the temperatures on the properties. The partially carbonized fiber is highly active in view of electron generation under photon energy excitation. The unique electrical and photovoltaic property are due to their semiconducting behavior. The morphology of the specimen before and after the pyrolysis was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM images displayed the shrinkage of the fiber due to the pyrolysis. There are two stages of pyrolysis kinetics. Stage I is related to the oxidation of the PAN polymer. Stage II is associated with the carbonization and the activation energy of carbonization is calculated as 118 kJ/mol.
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