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Murphy MA, Gathmann SR, Getman R, Grabow L, Abdelrahman OA, Dauenhauer PJ. Catalytic resonance theory: the catalytic mechanics of programmable ratchets. Chem Sci 2024:d4sc04069d. [PMID: 39129768 PMCID: PMC11307141 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc04069d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Catalytic reaction networks of multiple elementary steps operating under dynamic conditions via a programmed input oscillation are difficult to interpret and optimize due to reaction system complexity. To understand these dynamic systems, individual elementary catalytic reactions oscillating between catalyst states were evaluated to identify their three fundamental characteristics that define their ability to promote reactions away from equilibrium. First, elementary catalytic reactions exhibit directionality to promote reactions forward or backward from equilibrium as determined by a ratchet directionality metric comprised of the input oscillation duty cycle and the reaction rate constants. Second, catalytic ratchets are defined by the catalyst state of strong or weak binding that permits reactants to proceed through the transition state. Third, elementary catalytic ratchets exhibit a cutoff frequency which defines the transition in applied frequency for which the catalytic ratchet functions to promote chemistry away from equilibrium. All three ratchet characteristics are calculated from chemical reaction parameters including rate constants derived from linear scaling parameters, reaction conditions, and catalyst electronic state. The characteristics of the reaction network's constituent elementary catalytic reactions provided an interpretation of complex reaction networks and a method of predicting the behavior of dynamic surface chemistry on oscillating catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline A Murphy
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis, University of Minnesota 421 Washington Ave. SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota 421 Washington Ave. SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Sallye R Gathmann
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis, University of Minnesota 421 Washington Ave. SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota 421 Washington Ave. SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Rachel Getman
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis, University of Minnesota 421 Washington Ave. SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Lars Grabow
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis, University of Minnesota 421 Washington Ave. SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, S222 Cullen College of Engineering Bldg 1 4226 Martin Luther King Boulevard Houston TX 77204 USA
| | - Omar A Abdelrahman
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis, University of Minnesota 421 Washington Ave. SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, S222 Cullen College of Engineering Bldg 1 4226 Martin Luther King Boulevard Houston TX 77204 USA
| | - Paul J Dauenhauer
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis, University of Minnesota 421 Washington Ave. SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota 421 Washington Ave. SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
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2
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Borsley S, Leigh DA, Roberts BMW. Molecular Ratchets and Kinetic Asymmetry: Giving Chemistry Direction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400495. [PMID: 38568047 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Over the last two decades ratchet mechanisms have transformed the understanding and design of stochastic molecular systems-biological, chemical and physical-in a move away from the mechanical macroscopic analogies that dominated thinking regarding molecular dynamics in the 1990s and early 2000s (e.g. pistons, springs, etc), to the more scale-relevant concepts that underpin out-of-equilibrium research in the molecular sciences today. Ratcheting has established molecular nanotechnology as a research frontier for energy transduction and metabolism, and has enabled the reverse engineering of biomolecular machinery, delivering insights into how molecules 'walk' and track-based synthesisers operate, how the acceleration of chemical reactions enables energy to be transduced by catalysts (both motor proteins and synthetic catalysts), and how dynamic systems can be driven away from equilibrium through catalysis. The recognition of molecular ratchet mechanisms in biology, and their invention in synthetic systems, is proving significant in areas as diverse as supramolecular chemistry, systems chemistry, dynamic covalent chemistry, DNA nanotechnology, polymer and materials science, molecular biology, heterogeneous catalysis, endergonic synthesis, the origin of life, and many other branches of chemical science. Put simply, ratchet mechanisms give chemistry direction. Kinetic asymmetry, the key feature of ratcheting, is the dynamic counterpart of structural asymmetry (i.e. chirality). Given the ubiquity of ratchet mechanisms in endergonic chemical processes in biology, and their significance for behaviour and function from systems to synthesis, it is surely just as fundamentally important. This Review charts the recognition, invention and development of molecular ratchets, focussing particularly on the role for which they were originally envisaged in chemistry, as design elements for molecular machinery. Different kinetically asymmetric systems are compared, and the consequences of their dynamic behaviour discussed. These archetypal examples demonstrate how chemical systems can be driven inexorably away from equilibrium, rather than relax towards it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Borsley
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - David A Leigh
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin M W Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, Manchester, United Kingdom
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3
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Foley BL, Razdan NK. Clarifying mechanisms and kinetics of programmable catalysis. iScience 2024; 27:109543. [PMID: 38638837 PMCID: PMC11024910 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Programmable catalysis-the purposeful oscillation of catalytic potential energy surfaces (PES)-has emerged as a promising method for the acceleration of catalyzed reaction rates. However, theoretical study of programmable catalysis has been limited by onerous computational demands of integrating the stiff differential equations that describe periodic cycling between PESs. This work details methods that reduce the computational cost of finding the limit cycle by ≳108×. These methods produce closed-form analytical solutions for didactic case studies, examination of which provides physical insights of programmable catalysis mechanisms. Generalization of these analyses to more complex reaction networks, including CO oxidation on Pt (111) surfaces, exposes the key catalyst properties required to achieve enhanced rates and conversions via one of two programmable catalysis mechanisms: quasi-static (high frequency) and stepwise (intermediate frequency). Analytical description of each mechanism is critical in understanding the consequences of the Sabatier principle on achievable rate enhancement through programmed catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L. Foley
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Neil K. Razdan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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4
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Lee H, Ren H. Tuning Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Reaction with Dynamic Control of Electrochemical Interfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38607685 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the tuning of the activity and selectivity of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) through the dynamic regulation of the electrochemical interfaces to surpass the performance of conventional electrocatalysis. This is achieved by applying an oscillating potential between the ORR operating potential and anion adsorbing potential on a gold electrode. Oscillating potential enhances the selectivity for H2O2 by up to 1.35 times compared to the static potential, as confirmed by rotating ring-disk electrode and fluorescence assay measurements. We showed that the enhanced selectivity depends on dynamic adsorption and desorption of anions, and the enhancement occurs in the millisecond time scale or shorter. The transient selectivity to H2O2 can reach ∼97% within the first 5 ms after potential switching. Our results suggest that the dynamic interface can create a transient but unique microenvironment for new reactivity that cannot be reproduced under static conditions, which offers a new dimension in controlling electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyein Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Hang Ren
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Center for Electrochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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5
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Oh KR, Onn TM, Walton A, Odlyzko ML, Frisbie CD, Dauenhauer PJ. Fabrication of Large-Area Metal-on-Carbon Catalytic Condensers for Programmable Catalysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:684-694. [PMID: 38150675 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic condensers stabilize charge on either side of a high-k dielectric film to modulate the electronic states of a catalytic layer for the electronic control of surface reactions. Here, carbon sputtering provided for fast, large-scale fabrication of metal-carbon catalytic condensers required for industrial application. Carbon films were sputtered on HfO2 dielectric/p-type Si with different thicknesses (1, 3, 6, and 10 nm), and the enhancement of conductance and capacitance of carbon films was observed upon increasing the carbon thickness following thermal treatment at 400 °C. After Pt deposition on the carbon films, the Pt catalytic condenser exhibited a high capacitance of ∼210 nF/cm2 that was maintained at a frequency ∼1000 Hz, satisfying the requirement for a dynamic catalyst to implement catalytic resonance. Temperature-programmed desorption of carbon monoxide yielded CO desorption peaks that shifted in temperature with the varying potential applied to the condenser (-6 or +6 V), indicating a shift in the binding energy of carbon monoxide on the Pt condenser surface. A substantial increase in capacitance (∼2000 nF/cm2) of the Pt-on-carbon devices was observed at elevated temperatures of 400 °C that can modulate ∼10% of charge per metal atom when 10 V potential was applied. A large catalytic condenser of 42 cm2 area Pt/C/HfO2/Si exhibited a high capacitance of 9393 nF with a low leakage current/capacitive current ratio (<0.1), demonstrating the practicality and versatility of the facile, large-scale fabrication method for metal-carbon catalytic condensers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Ryul Oh
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Tzia Ming Onn
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Amber Walton
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Michael L Odlyzko
- Characterization Facility, University of Minnesota, 100 Union St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - C Daniel Frisbie
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Paul J Dauenhauer
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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6
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Onn TM, Oh KR, Adrahtas DZ, Soeherman JK, Hopkins JA, Frisbie CD, Dauenhauer PJ. Flexible and Extensive Platinum Ion Gel Condensers for Programmable Catalysis. ACS NANO 2024; 18:983-995. [PMID: 38146996 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic condensers composed of ion gels separating a metal electrode from a platinum-on-carbon active layer were fabricated and characterized to achieve more powerful, high surface area dynamic heterogeneous catalyst surfaces. Ion gels comprised of poly(vinylidene difluoride)/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide were spin coated as a 3.8 μm film on a Au surface, after which carbon sputtering of a 1.8 nm carbon film and electron-beam evaporation of 2 nm Pt clusters created an active surface exposed to reactant gases. Electronic characterization indicated that most charge condensed within the Pt nanoclusters upon application of a potential bias, with the condenser device achieving a capacitance of ∼20 μF/cm2 at applied frequencies of up to 120 Hz. The maximum charge of ∼1014 |e-| cm-2 was condensed under stable device conditions at 200 °C on catalytic films with ∼1015 sites cm-2. Grazing incidence infrared spectroscopy measured carbon monoxide adsorption isobars, indicating a change in the CO* binding energy of ∼19 kJ mol-1 over an applied potential bias of only 1.25 V. Condensers were also fabricated on flexible, large area Kapton substrates allowing stacked or tubular form factors that facilitate high volumetric active site densities, ultimately enabling a fast and powerful catalytic condenser that can be fabricated for programmable catalysis applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzia Ming Onn
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- University of Minnesota, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Kyung-Ryul Oh
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- University of Minnesota, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Demetra Z Adrahtas
- University of Minnesota, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jimmy K Soeherman
- University of Minnesota, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Justin A Hopkins
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- University of Minnesota, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - C Daniel Frisbie
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- University of Minnesota, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Paul J Dauenhauer
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- University of Minnesota, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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7
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Borsley S, Gallagher JM, Leigh DA, Roberts BMW. Ratcheting synthesis. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:8-29. [PMID: 38102412 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00558-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic chemistry has traditionally relied on reactions between reactants of high chemical potential and transformations that proceed energetically downhill to either a global or local minimum (thermodynamic or kinetic control). Catalysts can be used to manipulate kinetic control, lowering activation energies to influence reaction outcomes. However, such chemistry is still constrained by the shape of one-dimensional reaction coordinates. Coupling synthesis to an orthogonal energy input can allow ratcheting of chemical reaction outcomes, reminiscent of the ways that molecular machines ratchet random thermal motion to bias conformational dynamics. This fundamentally distinct approach to synthesis allows multi-dimensional potential energy surfaces to be navigated, enabling reaction outcomes that cannot be achieved under conventional kinetic or thermodynamic control. In this Review, we discuss how ratcheted synthesis is ubiquitous throughout biology and consider how chemists might harness ratchet mechanisms to accelerate catalysis, drive chemical reactions uphill and programme complex reaction sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Borsley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - David A Leigh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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8
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Chee SW, Lunkenbein T, Schlögl R, Roldán Cuenya B. Operando Electron Microscopy of Catalysts: The Missing Cornerstone in Heterogeneous Catalysis Research? Chem Rev 2023; 123:13374-13418. [PMID: 37967448 PMCID: PMC10722467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysis in thermal gas-phase and electrochemical liquid-phase chemical conversion plays an important role in our modern energy landscape. However, many of the structural features that drive efficient chemical energy conversion are still unknown. These features are, in general, highly distinct on the local scale and lack translational symmetry, and thus, they are difficult to capture without the required spatial and temporal resolution. Correlating these structures to their function will, conversely, allow us to disentangle irrelevant and relevant features, explore the entanglement of different local structures, and provide us with the necessary understanding to tailor novel catalyst systems with improved productivity. This critical review provides a summary of the still immature field of operando electron microscopy for thermal gas-phase and electrochemical liquid-phase reactions. It focuses on the complexity of investigating catalytic reactions and catalysts, progress in the field, and analysis. The forthcoming advances are discussed in view of correlative techniques, artificial intelligence in analysis, and novel reactor designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- See Wee Chee
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Lunkenbein
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Schlögl
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldán Cuenya
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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9
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Jung S, Pizzolitto C, Biasi P, Dauenhauer PJ, Birol T. Programmable catalysis by support polarization: elucidating and breaking scaling relations. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7795. [PMID: 38016999 PMCID: PMC10684597 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43641-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Sabatier principle and the scaling relations have been widely used to search for and screen new catalysts in the field of catalysis. However, these powerful tools can also serve as limitations of catalyst control and breakthrough. To overcome this challenge, this work proposes an efficient method of studying catalyst control by support polarization from first-principles. The results demonstrate that the properties of catalysts are determined by support polarization, irrespective of the magnitude of spontaneous polarization of support. The approach enables elucidating the scaling relations between binding energies at various polarization values of support. Moreover, we observe the breakdown of scaling relations for the surface controlled by support polarization. By studying the surface electronic structure and decomposing the induced charge into contributions from different atoms and orbitals, we identify the inherent structural property of the interface that leads to the breaking of the scaling relations. Specifically, the displacements of the underlying oxide support impose its symmetry on the catalyst, causing the scaling relations between different adsorption sites to break.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongjoo Jung
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | | | | | - Paul J Dauenhauer
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Turan Birol
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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10
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Wang F, Xie L, Sun N, Zhi T, Zhang M, Liu Y, Luo Z, Yi L, Zhao Q, Wang L. Deformable Catalytic Material Derived from Mechanical Flexibility for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 16:32. [PMID: 37999792 PMCID: PMC10673806 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Deformable catalytic material with excellent flexible structure is a new type of catalyst that has been applied in various chemical reactions, especially electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In recent years, deformable catalysts for HER have made great progress and would become a research hotspot. The catalytic activities of deformable catalysts could be adjustable by the strain engineering and surface reconfiguration. The surface curvature of flexible catalytic materials is closely related to the electrocatalytic HER properties. Here, firstly, we systematically summarized self-adaptive catalytic performance of deformable catalysts and various micro-nanostructures evolution in catalytic HER process. Secondly, a series of strategies to design highly active catalysts based on the mechanical flexibility of low-dimensional nanomaterials were summarized. Last but not least, we presented the challenges and prospects of the study of flexible and deformable micro-nanostructures of electrocatalysts, which would further deepen the understanding of catalytic mechanisms of deformable HER catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengshun Wang
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingbin Xie
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Sun
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhi
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mengyang Zhang
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongzhong Luo
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanhua Yi
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Longlu Wang
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NJUPT), 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Sangchai T, Al Shehimy S, Penocchio E, Ragazzon G. Artificial Molecular Ratchets: Tools Enabling Endergonic Processes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309501. [PMID: 37545196 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Non-equilibrium chemical systems underpin multiple domains of contemporary interest, including supramolecular chemistry, molecular machines, systems chemistry, prebiotic chemistry, and energy transduction. Experimental chemists are now pioneering the realization of artificial systems that can harvest energy away from equilibrium. In this tutorial Review, we provide an overview of artificial molecular ratchets: the chemical mechanisms enabling energy absorption from the environment. By focusing on the mechanism type-rather than the application domain or energy source-we offer a unifying picture of seemingly disparate phenomena, which we hope will foster progress in this fascinating domain of science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thitiporn Sangchai
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS) UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Shaymaa Al Shehimy
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS) UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Emanuele Penocchio
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Giulio Ragazzon
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS) UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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12
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Ma H, Ibáñez-Alé E, Ganganahalli R, Pérez-Ramírez J, López N, Yeo BS. Direct Electroreduction of Carbonate to Formate. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145. [PMID: 37924283 PMCID: PMC10655187 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
A cause of losses in energy and carbon conversion efficiencies during the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) can be attributed to the formation of carbonates (CO32-), which is generally considered to be an electrochemically inert species. Herein, using in situ Raman spectroscopy, liquid chromatography, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, 13C and deuterium isotope labeling, and density functional theory simulations, we show that carbonate intermediates are adsorbed on a copper electrode during eCO2RR in KHCO3 electrolyte from 0.2 to -1.0 VRHE. These intermediates can be reduced to formate at -0.4 VRHE and more negative potentials. This finding is supported by our observation of formate from the reduction of Cu2(CO3)(OH)2. Pulse electrolysis on a copper electrode immersed in a N2-purged K2CO3 electrolyte was also performed. We found that the carbonate anions therein could be first adsorbed at -0.05 VRHE and then directly reduced to formate at -0.5 VRHE (overpotential of 0.28 V) with a Faradaic efficiency of 0.61%. The nature of the active sites generating the adsorbed carbonate species and the mechanism for the pulse-enabled reduction of carbonate to formate were elucidated. Our findings reveal how carbonates are directly reduced to a high-value product such as formate and open a potential pathway to mitigate carbonate formation during eCO2RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Ma
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National
University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Enric Ibáñez-Alé
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-CERCA), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Catalunya, 35, 43002 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ramesha Ganganahalli
- Shell
India Markets Private LTD, Plot No. 7, Bengaluru Hardware Park, Mahadeva, Kodigehalli, 562149 Bangalore
North, India
| | - Javier Pérez-Ramírez
- Institute
for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied
Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Núria López
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-CERCA), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Boon Siang Yeo
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National
University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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13
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Zhang R, Wang Y, Gaspard P, Kruse N. The oscillating Fischer-Tropsch reaction. Science 2023; 382:99-103. [PMID: 37797023 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh8463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The mechanistic steps that underlie the formation of higher hydrocarbons in catalytic carbon monoxide (CO) hydrogenation at atmospheric pressure over cobalt-based catalysts (Fischer-Tropsch synthesis) have remained poorly understood. We reveal nonisothermal rate-and-selectivity oscillations that are self-sustained over extended periods of time (>24 hours) for a cobalt/cerium oxide catalyst with an atomic ratio of cobalt to cerium of 2:1 (Co2Ce1) at 220°C and equal partial pressures of the reactants. A microkinetic mechanism was used to generate rate-and-selectivity oscillations through forced temperature oscillations. Experimental and theoretical oscillations were in good agreement over an extended range of reactant pressure ratios. Additionally, phase portraits for hydrocarbon production were constructed that support the thermokinetic origin of our rate-and-selectivity oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering at Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering at Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99332, USA
| | - Pierre Gaspard
- Centre for Nonlinear Phenomena and Complex Systems, CP231, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Norbert Kruse
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering at Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99332, USA
- Chemistry of Surfaces, Interfaces and Nanomaterials (ChemSIN), CP243, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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14
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Zhang Z, Lu Z. Nonequilibrium Theoretical Framework and Universal Design Principles of Oscillation-Driven Catalysis. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:7541-7548. [PMID: 37586077 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
At stationary environmental conditions, a catalyst's reaction kinetics may be restricted by its available designs and thermodynamic laws. Thus, its stationary performances may experience practical or theoretical restraints (e.g., catalysts cannot invert the spontaneous direction of a chemical reaction). However, many works have reported that if environments change rapidly, catalysts can be driven away from stationary states and exhibit anomalous performance. We present a general geometric nonequilibrium theory to explain anomalous catalytic behaviors driven by rapidly oscillating environments where stationary-environment restraints are broken. It leads to a universal design principle of novel catalysts with oscillation-pumped performances. Even though a single free energy landscape cannot describe catalytic kinetics at various environmental conditions, we propose a novel control-conjugate landscape to encode the reaction kinetics over a range of control parameters λ, inspired by the Arrhenius form. The control-conjugate landscape significantly simplifies the design principle applicable to large-amplitude environmental oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Zhiyue Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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15
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Merkouri LP, Paksoy AI, Ramirez Reina T, Duyar MS. The Need for Flexible Chemical Synthesis and How Dual-Function Materials Can Pave the Way. ACS Catal 2023; 13:7230-7242. [PMID: 37288092 PMCID: PMC10242687 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Since climate change keeps escalating, it is imperative that the increasing CO2 emissions be combated. Over recent years, research efforts have been aiming for the design and optimization of materials for CO2 capture and conversion to enable a circular economy. The uncertainties in the energy sector and the variations in supply and demand place an additional burden on the commercialization and implementation of these carbon capture and utilization technologies. Therefore, the scientific community needs to think out of the box if it is to find solutions to mitigate the effects of climate change. Flexible chemical synthesis can pave the way for tackling market uncertainties. The materials for flexible chemical synthesis function under a dynamic operation, and thus, they need to be studied as such. Dual-function materials are an emerging group of dynamic catalytic materials that integrate the CO2 capture and conversion steps. Hence, they can be used to allow some flexibility in the production of chemicals as a response to the changing energy sector. This Perspective highlights the necessity of flexible chemical synthesis by focusing on understanding the catalytic characteristics under a dynamic operation and by discussing the requirements for the optimization of materials at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aysun Ipek Paksoy
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University
of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United
Kingdom
| | - Tomas Ramirez Reina
- Inorganic
Chemistry Department and Materials Sciences Institute, University of Seville-CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Melis S. Duyar
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University
of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United
Kingdom
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16
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Negre CFA, Alvarado A, Singh H, Finkelstein J, Martinez E, Perriot R. A methodology to generate crystal-based molecular structures for atomistic simulations. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:225001. [PMID: 36889001 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acc294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We propose a systematic method to construct crystal-based molecular structures often needed as input for computational chemistry studies. These structures include crystal 'slabs' with periodic boundary conditions (PBCs) and non-periodic solids such as Wulff structures. We also introduce a method to build crystal slabs with orthogonal PBC vectors. These methods are integrated into our code,Los Alamos Crystal Cut(LCC), which is open source and thus fully available to the community. Examples showing the use of these methods are given throughout the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian F A Negre
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States of America
| | - Andrew Alvarado
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States of America
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29623, United States of America
| | - Himanshu Singh
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States of America
| | - Joshua Finkelstein
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States of America
| | - Enrique Martinez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29623, United States of America
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29623, United States of America
| | - Romain Perriot
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States of America
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17
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Onn TM, Gathmann SR, Guo S, Solanki SPS, Walton A, Page BJ, Rojas G, Neurock M, Grabow LC, Mkhoyan KA, Abdelrahman OA, Frisbie CD, Dauenhauer PJ. Platinum Graphene Catalytic Condenser for Millisecond Programmable Metal Surfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:22113-22127. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tzia Ming Onn
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Sallye R. Gathmann
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Silu Guo
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Surya Pratap S. Solanki
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Texas Center for Superconductivity (TcSUH), University of Houston, Houston, Texas77204, United States
| | - Amber Walton
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Benjamin J. Page
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University Massachusetts Amherst, 686 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts01003, United States
| | - Geoffrey Rojas
- Characterization Facility, University of Minnesota, 100 Union Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Matthew Neurock
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Lars C. Grabow
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Texas Center for Superconductivity (TcSUH), University of Houston, Houston, Texas77204, United States
| | - K. Andre Mkhoyan
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Omar A. Abdelrahman
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University Massachusetts Amherst, 686 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts01003, United States
| | - C. Daniel Frisbie
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Paul J. Dauenhauer
- Center for Programmable Energy Catalysis (CPEC), University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
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18
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Tayyebi E, Höskuldsson ÁB, Wark A, Atrak N, Comer BM, Medford AJ, Skúlason E. Perspectives on the Competition between the Electrochemical Water and N 2 Oxidation on a TiO 2(110) Electrode. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6123-6129. [PMID: 35759374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical nitrogen oxidation reaction (NOR) has recently drawn attention due to promising experimental and theoretical results. It provides an alternative, environmentally friendly route to directly synthesize nitrate from N2(g). There is to date a limited number of investigations focused on the electrochemical NOR. Herein, we present a detailed computational study on the kinetics of both the NOR and the competing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) on the TiO2(110) electrode under ambient conditions. The use of grand canonical density functional theory in combination with the linearized Poisson-Boltzmann equation allows a continuous tuning of the explicitly applied electrical potential. We find that the OER may either promote or suppress the NOR on TiO2(110) depending on reaction conditions. The detailed atomistic insights provided on the mechanisms of these competing processes make possible further developments toward a direct electrochemical NOR process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Tayyebi
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, VR-III, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | | | - André Wark
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, VR-III, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Narges Atrak
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, VR-III, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Benjamin M Comer
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30318, United States
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Andrew James Medford
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30318, United States
| | - Egill Skúlason
- Science Institute, University of Iceland, VR-III, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland
- Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Iceland, VR-III, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland
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19
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Spezzati C, Lan Z, Castelli IE. Dynamic Strain and Switchable Polarization: a Pathway to Enhance the Oxygen Evolution Reaction on InSnO2N. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Onn TM, Gathmann SR, Wang Y, Patel R, Guo S, Chen H, Soeherman JK, Christopher P, Rojas G, Mkhoyan KA, Neurock M, Abdelrahman OA, Frisbie CD, Dauenhauer PJ. Alumina Graphene Catalytic Condenser for Programmable Solid Acids. JACS AU 2022; 2:1123-1133. [PMID: 35647588 PMCID: PMC9131479 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Precise control of electron density at catalyst active sites enables regulation of surface chemistry for the optimal rate and selectivity to products. Here, an ultrathin catalytic film of amorphous alumina (4 nm) was integrated into a catalytic condenser device that enabled tunable electron depletion from the alumina active layer and correspondingly stronger Lewis acidity. The catalytic condenser had the following structure: amorphous alumina/graphene/HfO2 dielectric (70 nm)/p-type Si. Application of positive voltages up to +3 V between graphene and the p-type Si resulted in electrons flowing out of the alumina; positive charge accumulated in the catalyst. Temperature-programmed surface reaction of thermocatalytic isopropanol (IPA) dehydration to propene on the charged alumina surface revealed a shift in the propene formation peak temperature of up to ΔT peak∼50 °C relative to the uncharged film, consistent with a 16 kJ mol-1 (0.17 eV) reduction in the apparent activation energy. Electrical characterization of the thin amorphous alumina film by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy indicates that the film is a defective semiconductor with an appreciable density of in-gap electronic states. Density functional theory calculations of IPA binding on the pentacoordinate aluminum active sites indicate significant binding energy changes (ΔBE) up to 60 kJ mol-1 (0.62 eV) for 0.125 e- depletion per active site, supporting the experimental findings. Overall, the results indicate that continuous and fast electronic control of thermocatalysis can be achieved with the catalytic condenser device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzia Ming Onn
- Department
of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Sallye R. Gathmann
- Department
of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Roshan Patel
- Department
of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Silu Guo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Han Chen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, 686 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Jimmy K. Soeherman
- Department
of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Phillip Christopher
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California,
Santa Barbara, 3335 Engineering
II, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Geoffrey Rojas
- Characterization
Facility, University of Minnesota, 100 Union Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - K. Andre Mkhoyan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Matthew Neurock
- Department
of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Omar A. Abdelrahman
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, 686 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - C. Daniel Frisbie
- Department
of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Paul J. Dauenhauer
- Department
of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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21
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Yang Y, Peltier CR, Zeng R, Schimmenti R, Li Q, Huang X, Yan Z, Potsi G, Selhorst R, Lu X, Xu W, Tader M, Soudackov AV, Zhang H, Krumov M, Murray E, Xu P, Hitt J, Xu L, Ko HY, Ernst BG, Bundschu C, Luo A, Markovich D, Hu M, He C, Wang H, Fang J, DiStasio RA, Kourkoutis LF, Singer A, Noonan KJT, Xiao L, Zhuang L, Pivovar BS, Zelenay P, Herrero E, Feliu JM, Suntivich J, Giannelis EP, Hammes-Schiffer S, Arias T, Mavrikakis M, Mallouk TE, Brock JD, Muller DA, DiSalvo FJ, Coates GW, Abruña HD. Electrocatalysis in Alkaline Media and Alkaline Membrane-Based Energy Technologies. Chem Rev 2022; 122:6117-6321. [PMID: 35133808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen energy-based electrochemical energy conversion technologies offer the promise of enabling a transition of the global energy landscape from fossil fuels to renewable energy. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the fundamentals of electrocatalysis in alkaline media and applications in alkaline-based energy technologies, particularly alkaline fuel cells and water electrolyzers. Anion exchange (alkaline) membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) enable the use of nonprecious electrocatalysts for the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), relative to proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), which require Pt-based electrocatalysts. However, the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) kinetics is significantly slower in alkaline media than in acidic media. Understanding these phenomena requires applying theoretical and experimental methods to unravel molecular-level thermodynamics and kinetics of hydrogen and oxygen electrocatalysis and, particularly, the proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) process that takes place in a proton-deficient alkaline media. Extensive electrochemical and spectroscopic studies, on single-crystal Pt and metal oxides, have contributed to the development of activity descriptors, as well as the identification of the nature of active sites, and the rate-determining steps of the HOR and ORR. Among these, the structure and reactivity of interfacial water serve as key potential and pH-dependent kinetic factors that are helping elucidate the origins of the HOR and ORR activity differences in acids and bases. Additionally, deliberately modulating and controlling catalyst-support interactions have provided valuable insights for enhancing catalyst accessibility and durability during operation. The design and synthesis of highly conductive and durable alkaline membranes/ionomers have enabled AEMFCs to reach initial performance metrics equal to or higher than those of PEMFCs. We emphasize the importance of using membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) to integrate the often separately pursued/optimized electrocatalyst/support and membranes/ionomer components. Operando/in situ methods, at multiscales, and ab initio simulations provide a mechanistic understanding of electron, ion, and mass transport at catalyst/ionomer/membrane interfaces and the necessary guidance to achieve fuel cell operation in air over thousands of hours. We hope that this Review will serve as a roadmap for advancing the scientific understanding of the fundamental factors governing electrochemical energy conversion in alkaline media with the ultimate goal of achieving ultralow Pt or precious-metal-free high-performance and durable alkaline fuel cells and related technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Cheyenne R Peltier
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Rui Zeng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Roberto Schimmenti
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Qihao Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xin Huang
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Zhifei Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Georgia Potsi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Ryan Selhorst
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Xinyao Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Weixuan Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Mariel Tader
- Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Alexander V Soudackov
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Hanguang Zhang
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Mihail Krumov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Ellen Murray
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Pengtao Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jeremy Hitt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Linxi Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Hsin-Yu Ko
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Brian G Ernst
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Colin Bundschu
- Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Aileen Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Danielle Markovich
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Meixue Hu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Cheng He
- Chemical and Materials Science Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Hongsen Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jiye Fang
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Robert A DiStasio
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Lena F Kourkoutis
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.,Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Andrej Singer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kevin J T Noonan
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Li Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lin Zhuang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bryan S Pivovar
- Chemical and Materials Science Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Piotr Zelenay
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Enrique Herrero
- Instituto de Electroquímica, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante E-03080, Spain
| | - Juan M Feliu
- Instituto de Electroquímica, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante E-03080, Spain
| | - Jin Suntivich
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.,Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Emmanuel P Giannelis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | | | - Tomás Arias
- Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Manos Mavrikakis
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Thomas E Mallouk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Joel D Brock
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - David A Muller
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.,Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Francis J DiSalvo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Geoffrey W Coates
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Héctor D Abruña
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.,Center for Alkaline Based Energy Solutions (CABES), Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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22
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Wittreich GR, Liu S, Dauenhauer PJ, Vlachos DG. Catalytic resonance of ammonia synthesis by simulated dynamic ruthenium crystal strain. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl6576. [PMID: 35080982 PMCID: PMC8791612 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl6576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia affords dense storage for renewable energy as a fungible liquid fuel, provided it can be efficiently synthesized from hydrogen and nitrogen. In this work, the catalysis of ammonia synthesis was computationally explored beyond the Sabatier limit by dynamically straining a ruthenium crystal (±4%) at the resonant frequencies (102 to 105+ Hz) of N2 surface dissociation and hydrogenation. Density functional theory calculations at different strain conditions indicated that the energies of NHx surface intermediates and transition states scale linearly, allowing the description of ammonia synthesis at a continuum of strain conditions. A microkinetic model including multiple sites and surface diffusion between step and Ru(0001) terrace sites of varying ratios for nanoparticles of differing size revealed that dynamic strain yields catalytic ammonia synthesis conversion and turnover frequency comparable to industrial reactors (400°C, 200 atm) but at lower temperature (320°C) and an order of magnitude lower pressure (20 atm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard R. Wittreich
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St., Newark, DE 19716, USA
- RAPID Manufacturing Institute and Delaware Energy Institute (DEI), University of Delaware, 221 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Shizhong Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St., Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Paul J. Dauenhauer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, University of Delaware, 221 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Dionisios G. Vlachos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St., Newark, DE 19716, USA
- RAPID Manufacturing Institute and Delaware Energy Institute (DEI), University of Delaware, 221 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19711, USA
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, University of Delaware, 221 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19711, USA
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23
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Wang J, Zhou W, Li J, Ding Y, Gao J. Recent Advances and Performance Enhancement Mechanisms of Pulsed Electrocatalysis. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a22080342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Wong SS, Hülsey MJ, An H, Yan N. Quantum yield enhancement in the photocatalytic HCOOH decomposition to H 2 under periodic illumination. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00935h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite numerous studies on controlled periodic illumination to improve the quantum yield of photocatalytic reactions, debates still exist on the nature of such effect. In our system, we proposed that enhanced electron transfer is the promotion mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sie Shing Wong
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, P. R. China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117585 Singapore
| | - Max Joshua Hülsey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117585 Singapore
| | - Hua An
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, P. R. China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117585 Singapore
| | - Ning Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117585 Singapore
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25
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Khechfe AA, Sullivan MM, Zagoraios D, Katsaounis A, Vayenas CG, Román-Leshkov Y. Non-Faradaic Electrochemical Promotion of Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Dehydration Reactions over Molybdenum Oxide. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Khechfe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mark M. Sullivan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Dimitrios Zagoraios
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1 St., 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Alexandros Katsaounis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1 St., 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Constantinos G. Vayenas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1 St., 26504, Patras, Greece
- Academy of Athens, Panepistimiou 28 Ave., 10679, Athens, Greece
| | - Yuriy Román-Leshkov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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26
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27
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Khramenkova E, Medvedev MG, Li G, Pidko EA. Unraveling the Nature of Extraframework Catalytic Ensembles in Zeolites: Flexibility and Dynamics of the Copper-Oxo Trimers in Mordenite. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:10906-10913. [PMID: 34731568 PMCID: PMC8591661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Extraframework cations define the chemical versatility of zeolite catalysts. Addressing their structural complexity and dynamic behavior represents one of the main fundamental challenges in the field. Herein, we present a computational approach for the identification and analysis of the accessible pool of intrazeolite extraframework complexes with a Cu/MOR catalyst as an industrially important model system. We employ ab initio molecular dynamics for capturing the ensemble of reactive isomers with the [Cu3O3]2+ stoichiometry confined in the mordenite channels. The high structural diversity of the generated isomers was ensured by concentrating the kinetic energy along the low-curvature directions of the potential energy surface (PES). Geometrically distinct [Cu3O3]2+ complexes were identified via a series of clustering procedures ensuring that one structure of each local minima is retained. The proposed procedure has resulted in a set of previously unknown peroxo-complexes, which are >50 kJ/mol more stable than the recently hypothesized chair-shaped structure. Our analysis demonstrates that the most stable peroxo-containing clusters can be formed under operando conditions from molecular oxygen and the Cu3O unit, similar to that in methane monooxygenase (MMO) enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena
V. Khramenkova
- Inorganic
Systems Engineering (ISE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Michael G. Medvedev
- Zelinsky
Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, Leninsky Prospect, 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Guanna Li
- Biobased
Chemistry & Technology, Wageningen University
& Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Organic
Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Evgeny A. Pidko
- Inorganic
Systems Engineering (ISE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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28
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Lan Z, Småbråten DR, Xiao C, Vegge T, Aschauer U, Castelli IE. Enhancing Oxygen Evolution Reaction Activity by Using Switchable Polarization in Ferroelectric InSnO 2N. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyun Lan
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Didrik René Småbråten
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern CH-3012, Switzerland
| | - Chengcheng Xiao
- Departments of Materials and Physics, and the Thomas Young Centre for Theory and Simulation of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Tejs Vegge
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Ulrich Aschauer
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern CH-3012, Switzerland
| | - Ivano E. Castelli
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
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29
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Sordello F, Pellegrino F, Prozzi M, Minero C, Maurino V. Controlled Periodic Illumination Enhances Hydrogen Production by over 50% on Pt/TiO 2. ACS Catal 2021; 11:6484-6488. [PMID: 34306809 PMCID: PMC8294008 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Efficient solar water photosplitting is plagued by large overpotentials of the HER and OER. Even with a noble metal catalyst, the hydrogen evolution reaction can be limited by the strong M-H bonding over some metals, such as Pt, Pd, and Rh, inhibiting hydrogen desorption. H absorption is regulated by the potential at the metal nanoparticles. Through controlled periodic illumination of a Pt/TiO2 suspension, we hypothesized a fast variation of the photopotential that induced catalytic surface resonance on the metal, resulting in more than a 50% increase of the efficiency at frequencies higher than 80 Hz.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Sordello
- Dipartimento
di Chimica and NIS Center, University of
Torino, Via P. Giuria
7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - F. Pellegrino
- Dipartimento
di Chimica and NIS Center, University of
Torino, Via P. Giuria
7, 10125 Torino, Italy
- JointLAB
UniTo-ITT Automotive, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - M. Prozzi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica and NIS Center, University of
Torino, Via P. Giuria
7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - C. Minero
- Dipartimento
di Chimica and NIS Center, University of
Torino, Via P. Giuria
7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - V. Maurino
- Dipartimento
di Chimica and NIS Center, University of
Torino, Via P. Giuria
7, 10125 Torino, Italy
- JointLAB
UniTo-ITT Automotive, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135 Torino, Italy
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30
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Lim CW, Hülsey MJ, Yan N. Non-Faradaic Promotion of Ethylene Hydrogenation under Oscillating Potentials. JACS AU 2021; 1:536-542. [PMID: 34467316 PMCID: PMC8395646 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The acceleration of Faradaic reactions by oscillating electric potentials has emerged as a viable tool to enhance electrocatalysis, but the non-Faradaic dynamic promotion of thermal catalytic processes remains to be proven. Here, we present experimental evidence showing that oscillating potentials are capable of enhancing the rate of ethylene hydrogenation despite no promotion effect being observed under static potentials. The non-Faradaic dynamic enhancement reaches up to 553% on a Pd/C electrode when cycling between -0.25 and 0.55 VNHE under optimized conditions with a frequency of around 0.1 Hz and a duty cycle of 99%. Under those conditions, the catalytic reaction rates were promoted beyond the rate of charge transfer to the electrode surface, confirming the non-Faradaic nature of the process. Experiments in different electrolytes reveal a good correlation between the catalytic enhancement and the double-layer capacitance, a measure for the interfacial electric field strength. Preliminary kinetic data is consistent with cyclic removal of adsorbates from the surface at negative potential and the subsequent adsorption of H2 and C2H4 and hydrogenation reaction at the positively polarized surface.
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31
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Coverage-dependent formic acid oxidation reaction kinetics determined by oscillating potentials. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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32
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Shetty M, Ardagh MA, Pang Y, Abdelrahman OA, Dauenhauer PJ. Electric-Field-Assisted Modulation of Surface Thermochemistry. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manish Shetty
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue Southeast, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - M. Alexander Ardagh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue Southeast, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, US Department of Energy Frontiers Research Center, University of Delaware, 221 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Yutong Pang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue Southeast, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Omar A. Abdelrahman
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, US Department of Energy Frontiers Research Center, University of Delaware, 221 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Paul J. Dauenhauer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue Southeast, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, US Department of Energy Frontiers Research Center, University of Delaware, 221 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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