1
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Gao R, Kou X, Huang S, Chen G, Ouyang G. Developing Covalent Organic Framework Biocatalysts through Enzyme Encapsulation. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202400339. [PMID: 38801661 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Utilizing covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as porous supports to encapsulate enzyme represents an advanced strategy for constructing COFs biocatalysts, which has inspired numerous interests across various applications. As the structural advantages including ultrastable covalent-bonded linkage, tailorable pore structure, and metal-free biocompatibility, the resultant enzyme-COFs biocatalysts showcase functional enhancement in catalytic activity, chemical stability, long-term durability, and recyclability. This Concept describes the recent advances in the methodological strategies for engineering the COFs biocatalysts, with specific emphasis on the pore entrapment and in situ encapsulation strategies. The structural advantages of the COFs hybrid biocatalysts for organic synthesis, environment- and energy-associated applications are also canvassed. Additionally, the remaining challenges and the forward-looking directions in this field are also discussed. We believe that this Concept can offer useful methodological guidance for developing active and robust COFs biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Gao
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514015, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoxue Kou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Siming Huang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Schoolof Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Guosheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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2
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Li XG, Li J, Chen J, Rao L, Zheng L, Yu F, Tang Y, Zheng J, Ma J. Porphyrin-based covalent organic frameworks from design, synthesis to biological applications. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:2766-2785. [PMID: 38717456 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00214h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) constitute a class of highly functional porous materials composed of lightweight elements interconnected by covalent bonds, characterized by structural order, high crystallinity, and large specific surface area. The integration of naturally occurring porphyrin molecules, renowned for their inherent rigidity and conjugate planarity, as building blocks in COFs has garnered significant attention. This strategic incorporation addresses the limitations associated with free-standing porphyrins, resulting in the creation of well-organized porous crystal structures with molecular-level directional arrangements. The unique optical, electrical, and biochemical properties inherent to porphyrin molecules endow these COFs with diversified applications, particularly in the realm of biology. This review comprehensively explores the synthesis and modulation strategies employed in the development of porphyrin-based COFs and delves into their multifaceted applications in biological contexts. A chronological depiction of the evolution from design to application is presented, accompanied by an analysis of the existing challenges. Furthermore, this review offers directional guidance for the structural design of porphyrin-based COFs and underscores their promising prospects in the field of biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Gui Li
- Research Center for Environmental Functional Materials, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.
| | - Junjian Li
- Research Center for Environmental Functional Materials, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.
| | - JinFeng Chen
- Research Center for Environmental Functional Materials, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.
| | - Liangmei Rao
- Research Center for Environmental Functional Materials, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.
| | - Libin Zheng
- Research Center for Environmental Functional Materials, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.
| | - Fei Yu
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, No 999, Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China
| | - Yijing Tang
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA.
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA.
| | - Jie Ma
- Research Center for Environmental Functional Materials, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.
- School of Civil Engineering, Kashi University, Kashi 844000, China
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3
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Ran L, Chen Y, Zhu Y, Cai H, Pang H, Yan D, Xiang Y, Teng H. Covalent Organic Frameworks Based Photoenzymatic Nano-reactor for Asymmetric Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Secondary Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319732. [PMID: 38367015 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Bio-catalysis represents a highly efficient and stereoselective method for the synthesis of valuable chiral compounds, however, the poor stability and limited reaction types of free enzymes restrict their wide application in industrial production. In this work, to overcome these problems, a multifunctional photoenzymatic nanoreactor CALB@COF-Ir was developed through the encapsulation of Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) in a photosensitive covalent organic framework COF-Ir. This bio-nanocluster serves as efficient catalysts in asymmetric dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) of secondary amines to give a series of chiral amines in high yields (up to 99 %) and enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee). The well-designed COF-Ir not only acts as safety cover to prevent CALB from deactivation but promotes racemization of secondary amines via photo-induced hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) process. Photoelectric characterization and TDDFT calculation revealed that (ppy)2Ir units in COF-Ir play crucial role in this photocatalytic system which enhance its photo-redox properties through facilitating the separation between photoelectrons (e-) and holes (h+). Furthermore, the heterogeneous photoenzymatic nanoreactor could be recycled for five rounds with slight decline of catalytic reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Ran
- College of Chemistry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Chemistry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yanqiu Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Huanyu Cai
- College of Chemistry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Huaji Pang
- College of Chemistry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Dingce Yan
- Analytical and Testing Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Xiang
- College of Chemistry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Huailong Teng
- College of Chemistry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
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4
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Ye C, Zhou T, Deng Y, Wu S, Zeng T, Yang J, Shi YS, Yin Y, Li G. Enhanced performance of enzymes confined in biocatalytic hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks for sensing of glutamate in the central nervous system. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 247:115963. [PMID: 38147717 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate (Glu) is a key excitatory neurotransmitter associated with various neurological disorders in the central nervous system, so its measurement is vital to both basic research and biomedical application. In this work, we propose the first example of using biocatalytic hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) as the hosting matrix to encapsulate glutamate oxidase (GLOD) via a de novo approach, fabricating a cascaded-enzyme nanoreactor for Glu biosensing. In this design, the ferriporphyrin ligands can assemble to form Fe-HOFs with high catalase-like activity, while offering a scaffold for the in-situ immobilization of GLOD. Moreover, the formed GLOD@Fe-HOFs are favorable for the efficient diffusion of Glu into the active sites of GLOD via the porous channels, accelerating the cascade reaction with neighboring Fe-HOFs. Consequently, the constructed nanoreactor can offer superior activity and operational stability in the catalytic cascade for Glu biosensing. More importantly, rapid and selective detection can be achieved in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected from mice in a low sample consumption. Therefore, the successful fabrication of enzyme@HOFs may offer promise to develop high-performance biosensor for further biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210032, PR China
| | - Tianci Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Ying Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Women & Children Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Tianyu Zeng
- Women & Children Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Yun Stone Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210032, PR China.
| | - Yongmei Yin
- Women & Children Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China.
| | - Genxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
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5
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Li J, Li C, Zhao Z, Guo Y, Chen H, Liu P, Zhao M, Guo J. Biomolecules meet organic frameworks: from synthesis strategies to diverse applications. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:4529-4541. [PMID: 38293903 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05586h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Biomolecules are essential in pharmaceuticals, biocatalysts, biomaterials, etc., but unfortunately they are extremely susceptible to extraneous conditions. When biomolecules meet porous organic frameworks, significantly improved thermal, chemical, and mechanical stabilities are not only acquired for raw biomolecules, but also molecule sieving, substrate enrichment, chirality property, and other functionalities are additionally introduced for application expansions. In addition, the intriguing synergistic effect stemming from elaborate and concerted interactions between biomolecules and frameworks can further enhance application performances. In this paper, the synthesis strategies of the so-called bio-organic frameworks (BOFs) in recent years are systematically reviewed and classified. Additionally, their broad applications in biomedicine, catalysis, separation, sensing, and imaging are introduced and discussed. Before ending, the current challenges and prospects in the future for this infancy-stage but significant research field are also provided. We hope that this review will offer a concise but comprehensive vision of designing and constructing multifunctional BOF materials as well as their full explorations in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, School of Materials Science and Engineering & School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Chunyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, School of Materials Science and Engineering & School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Zelong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, School of Materials Science and Engineering & School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Yuxue Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, School of Materials Science and Engineering & School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Hongli Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Pai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, School of Materials Science and Engineering & School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Meiting Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Jun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, School of Materials Science and Engineering & School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
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6
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Ren H, Yuan J, Li YM, Li WJ, Guo YH, Zhang YB, Wang BH, Ma K, Peng L, Hu G, Wang WQ, He H, Chou LY, Zeng MH, Zhang YB, Cheng L. Highly Enantioselective Catalysis by Enzyme Encapsulated in Metal Azolate Frameworks with Micelle-Controlled Pore Sizes. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:358-366. [PMID: 38435533 PMCID: PMC10906037 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c01432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Encapsulating enzymes within metal-organic frameworks has enhanced their structural stability and interface tunability for catalysis. However, the small apertures of the frameworks restrict their effectiveness to small organic molecules. Herein, we present a green strategy directed by visible linker micelles for the aqueous synthesis of MAF-6 that enables enzymes for the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of chiral molecules. Due to the large pore aperture (7.6 Å), double the aperture size of benchmark ZIF-8 (3.4 Å), MAF-6 allows encapsulated enzyme BCL to access larger substrates and do so faster. Through the optimization of surfactants' effect during synthesis, BCL@MAF-6-SDS (SDS = sodium dodecyl sulfate) displayed a catalytic efficiency (Kcat/Km) that was 420 times greater than that of BCL@ZIF-8. This biocomposite efficiently catalyzed the synthesis of drug precursor molecules with 94-99% enantioselectivity and nearly quantitative yields. These findings represent a deeper understanding of de novo synthetic encapsulation of enzyme in MOFs, thereby unfolding the great potential of enzyme@MAF catalysts for asymmetric synthesis of organics and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ren
- Jiangsu
Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Jian Yuan
- Avogadral
Solutions, 3130 Grants
Lake Boulevard #18641, Sugar Land, Texas 77496, United States
| | - Yi-Ming Li
- Jiangsu
Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui
University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Wen-Jing Li
- Jiangsu
Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yi-Hang Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Fujian 350002, China
- School
of
Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yi-Bo Zhang
- School
of
Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Bing-Hao Wang
- Jiangsu
Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Kaili Ma
- Analysis
and Testing Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Lu Peng
- Analysis
and Testing Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Guping Hu
- School
of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Wen-Qi Wang
- School
of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-Resolution
Electron Microscopy, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials
and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hailong He
- School
of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-Resolution
Electron Microscopy, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials
and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Lien-Yang Chou
- School
of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-Resolution
Electron Microscopy, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials
and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ming-Hua Zeng
- School
of
Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yue-Biao Zhang
- School
of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-Resolution
Electron Microscopy, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials
and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Jiangsu
Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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7
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Zhu X, Ding Y, Li S, Jiang Y, Chen Y. Electroenzymatic cascade reaction on a biohybrid boosts the chiral epoxidation reaction. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:483-491. [PMID: 38123433 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The chiral epoxidation of styrene and its derivatives is an important transformation that has attracted considerable scientific interest in the chemical industry. Herein, we integrate enzymatic catalysis and electrocatalysis to propose a new route for the chiral epoxidation of styrene and its derivatives. Chloroperoxidase (CPO) functionalized with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (ILEMB) was loaded onto cobalt nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (CoN@CNT) to form a biohybrid (CPO-ILEMB/CoN@CNT). H2O2 species were generated in situ through a two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e-ORR) at CoN@CNT to initiate the following enzymatic epoxidation of styrene by CPO. CoN@CNT had high electroactivity for the ORR to produce H2O2 at a more positive potential, prohibiting the conversion of FeIII to FeII in the heme of CPO to maintain enzymatic activity. Meanwhile, CoN@CNT could serve as an ideal carrier for the immobilization of CPO-ILEMB. Hence, the coimmobilization of CPO-ILEMB and CoN@CNT could facilitate the diffusion of intermediate H2O2, which achieved 17 times higher efficiency than the equivalent amounts of free CPO-ILEMB in bulk solution for styrene epoxidation. Notably, an enhancement (∼45%) of chiral selectivity for the epoxidation of styrene was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefang Zhu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yu Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Shuni Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yucheng Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
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8
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Zhou LL, Guan Q, Dong YB. Covalent Organic Frameworks: Opportunities for Rational Materials Design in Cancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314763. [PMID: 37983842 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicines are extensively used in cancer therapy. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are crystalline organic porous materials with several benefits for cancer therapy, including porosity, design flexibility, functionalizability, and biocompatibility. This review examines the use of COFs in cancer therapy from the perspective of reticular chemistry and function-oriented materials design. First, the modification sites and functionalization methods of COFs are discussed, followed by their potential as multifunctional nanoplatforms for tumor targeting, imaging, and therapy by integrating functional components. Finally, some challenges in the clinical translation of COFs are presented with the hope of promoting the development of COF-based anticancer nanomedicines and bringing COFs closer to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Le Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Qun Guan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Yu-Bin Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
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9
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Zhang J, Liu X, Mu Q, Li R, Ji Y. Construction and Application of a Pepsin-Functionalized Covalent Organic Framework with Prominent Chiral Recognition Ability. Chemistry 2024:e202303827. [PMID: 38183168 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
The stable Pepsin@covalent organic framework (Pepsin@COF) were constructed base on matching COF pore diameter to pepsin dimension. It exhibits excellent chiral recognition capabilities (e. e. % up to 62.63 %) and potential for enantioseparation. Furthermore, a positive correlation between the immobilized enzyme activity and chiral recognition was revealed, offering insights for the design of biocatalytic nanosystems in chiral separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Zhang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qixuan Mu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ruijun Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yibing Ji
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
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10
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Qiao S, Jin H, Zuo A, Chen Y. Integration of Enzyme and Covalent Organic Frameworks: From Rational Design to Applications. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:93-105. [PMID: 38105494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Manufacturing is undergoing profound transformations, among which green biomanufacturing with low energy consumption, high efficiency, and sustainability is becoming one of the major trends. However, enzymes, as the "core chip" of biomanufacturing, are often handicapped in their application by their high cost, low operational stability, and nonreusability. Immobilization of enzymes is a technology that binds or restricts enzymes in a certain area with solid materials, allows them to still carry out their unique catalytic reaction, and allows them to be recycled and reused. Compared with free enzymes, immobilized enzymes boast numerous advantages such as enhanced storage stability, ease of separation, reusability, and controlled operation. Currently, commonly used supports for enzyme immobilization (e.g., mesoporous silica, sol-gel hydrogels, and porous polymer) can effectively improve enzyme stability and reduce product inhibition. However, they still face drawbacks such as potential leaching or conformational change during immobilization and poor machining performance. Especially, most enzyme carrier solid materials possess disordered structures, inevitably introducing deficiencies such as low loading capacity, hindered mass transfer, and unclear structure-property relationships. Additionally, it remains a notable challenge to meticulously design immobilization systems tailored to the specific characteristics of enzyme/reaction. Therefore, there is a significant demand for reliable solid materials to overcome the above challenges. Crystalline porous materials, particularly covalent organic frameworks (COFs), have garnered significant interest as a promising platform for immobilizing enzymes due to their unique properties, such as their crystalline nature, high porosity, accessible active sites, versatile synthetic conditions, and tunable structure. COFs create a stabilizing microenvironment that protects enzymes from denaturation and significantly enhances reusability. Nevertheless, some challenges still remain, including difficulties in loading large enzymes, reduced enzyme activities, and the limited functionality of carriers. Therefore, it is essential to develop innovative carriers and novel strategies to broaden the methods of immobilizing enzymes, enabling their application across a more diverse array of fields.The integration of enzymes with advanced porous materials for intensified performance and diverse applications is still in its infancy, and our group has done a series of pioneering works. This Account presents a comprehensive overview of recent research progress made by our group, including (i) the development of innovative enzyme immobilization strategies utilizing COFs to make the assembly and integration of enzymes and carriers more effective; (ii) rational design and construction of functional carriers for enzyme immobilization using COFs; and (iii) extensions of immobilized enzyme applications based on COFs from industrial catalysis to biomedicine and chiral separation. The integration of enzymes with functional crystalline materials offers mutual benefits and results in a performance that surpasses what either component can achieve individually. Additionally, immobilized enzymes exhibit enhanced functionality and intriguing characteristics that differ from those of free enzymes. Consistent with our research philosophy centered on integration, platform development, and engineering application, this Account addresses the critical challenges associated with enzyme immobilization using COFs while extending the applications of COFs and proposing future design principles for biomanufacturing and enzyme industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Haiqun Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Along Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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11
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Li L, Wu X, Pang Y, Lou H, Li Z. In Situ Encapsulation of Cytochrome c within Covalent Organic Frames Using Deep Eutectic Solvents under Ambient Conditions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:53871-53880. [PMID: 37945537 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
In situ integration of enzymes with covalent organic frameworks (COFs) to form hybrid biocatalysts is both significant and challenging. In this study, we present an innovative strategy employing deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to synergistically synthesize COFs and shield cytochrome c (Cyt c). By utilizing DESs as reaction solvents in combination with water, we successfully achieved rapid and in situ encapsulation of Cyt c within COFs (specifically COF-TAPT-TFB) under ambient conditions. The resulting Cyt c@COF-TAPT-TFB composite demonstrates a remarkable preservation of enzymatic activity. This encapsulation strategy also imparts exceptional resistance to organic solvents and exhibits impressive recycling stability. Additionally, the enhanced catalytic efficiency of Cyt c@COF-TAPT-TFB in a photoenzymatic cascade reaction is also showcased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangwei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yuxia Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Hongming Lou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Zhixian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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12
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Li MH, Yang Z, Hui H, Yang B, Wang Y, Yang YW. Superstructure-Induced Hierarchical Assemblies for Nanoconfined Photocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202313358. [PMID: 37798254 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Most attempts to synthesize supramolecular nanosystems are limited to a single mechanism, often resulting in the formation of nanomaterials that lack diversity in properties. Herein, hierarchical assemblies with appropriate variety are fabricated in bulk via a superstructure-induced organic-inorganic hybrid strategy. The dynamic balance between substructures and superstructures is managed using covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as dual building blocks to regulate the performances of hierarchical assemblies. Significantly, the superstructures resulting from the controlled cascade between COFs and MOFs create highly active photocatalytic systems through multiple topologies. Our designed tandem photocatalysis can precisely and efficiently regulate the conversion rates of bioactive molecules (benzo[d]imidazoles) through competing redox pathways. Furthermore, benzo[d]imidazoles catalyzed by such supramolecular nanosystems can be isolated in yields ranging from 70 % to 93 % within tens of minutes. The multilayered structural states within the supramolecular systems demonstrate the importance of hierarchical assemblies in facilitating photocatalytic propagation and expanding the structural repertoire of supramolecular hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hao Li
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hui Hui
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Wei Yang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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13
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Huang NY, Zheng YT, Chen D, Chen ZY, Huang CZ, Xu Q. Reticular framework materials for photocatalytic organic reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7949-8004. [PMID: 37878263 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00289b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic organic reactions, harvesting solar energy to produce high value-added organic chemicals, have attracted increasing attention as a sustainable approach to address the global energy crisis and environmental issues. Reticular framework materials, including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), are widely considered as promising candidates for photocatalysis owing to their high crystallinity, tailorable pore environment and extensive structural diversity. Although the design and synthesis of MOFs and COFs have been intensively developed in the last 20 years, their applications in photocatalytic organic transformations are still in the preliminary stage, making their systematic summary necessary. Thus, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding and useful guidelines for the exploration of suitable MOF and COF photocatalysts towards appropriate photocatalytic organic reactions. The commonly used reactions are categorized to facilitate the identification of suitable reaction types. From a practical viewpoint, the fundamentals of experimental design, including active species, performance evaluation and external reaction conditions, are discussed in detail for easy experimentation. Furthermore, the latest advances in photocatalytic organic reactions of MOFs and COFs, including their composites, are comprehensively summarized according to the actual active sites, together with the discussion of their structure-property relationship. We believe that this study will be helpful for researchers to design novel reticular framework photocatalysts for various organic synthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Yu Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano-Porous Functional Materials (SKLPM), SUSTech-Kyoto University Advanced Energy Materials Joint Innovation Laboratory (SKAEM-JIL), Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Yu-Tao Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano-Porous Functional Materials (SKLPM), SUSTech-Kyoto University Advanced Energy Materials Joint Innovation Laboratory (SKAEM-JIL), Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Di Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano-Porous Functional Materials (SKLPM), SUSTech-Kyoto University Advanced Energy Materials Joint Innovation Laboratory (SKAEM-JIL), Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano-Porous Functional Materials (SKLPM), SUSTech-Kyoto University Advanced Energy Materials Joint Innovation Laboratory (SKAEM-JIL), Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Chao-Zhu Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano-Porous Functional Materials (SKLPM), SUSTech-Kyoto University Advanced Energy Materials Joint Innovation Laboratory (SKAEM-JIL), Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Qiang Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano-Porous Functional Materials (SKLPM), SUSTech-Kyoto University Advanced Energy Materials Joint Innovation Laboratory (SKAEM-JIL), Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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14
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Elmerhi N, Al-Maqdi K, Athamneh K, Mohammed AK, Skorjanc T, Gándara F, Raya J, Pascal S, Siri O, Trabolsi A, Shah I, Shetty D, Ashraf SS. Enzyme-immobilized hierarchically porous covalent organic framework biocomposite for catalytic degradation of broad-range emerging pollutants in water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132261. [PMID: 37572608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Efficient enzyme immobilization is crucial for the successful commercialization of large-scale enzymatic water treatment. However, issues such as lack of high enzyme loading coupled with enzyme leaching present challenges for the widespread adoption of immobilized enzyme systems. The present study describes the development and bioremediation application of an enzyme biocomposite employing a cationic macrocycle-based covalent organic framework (COF) with hierarchical porosity for the immobilization of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The intrinsic hierarchical porous features of the azacalix[4]arene-based COF (ACA-COF) allowed for a maximum HRP loading capacity of 0.76 mg/mg COF with low enzyme leaching (<5.0 %). The biocomposite, HRP@ACA-COF, exhibited exceptional thermal stability (∼200 % higher relative activity than the free enzyme), and maintained ∼60 % enzyme activity after five cycles. LCMSMS analyses confirmed that the HRP@ACA-COF system was able to achieve > 99 % degradation of seven diverse types of emerging pollutants (2-mercaptobenzothiazole, paracetamol, caffeic acid, methylparaben, furosemide, sulfamethoxazole, and salicylic acid)in under an hour. The described enzyme-COF system offers promise for efficient wastewater bioremediation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Elmerhi
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University, PO Box: 127788, Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates; Center for Catalysis and Separations, Khalifa University, PO Box: 127788, Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates
| | - Khadega Al-Maqdi
- Department of Chemistry, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirate
| | - Khawlah Athamneh
- Department of Biology, Khalifa University, PO Box: 127788, Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdul Khayum Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University, PO Box: 127788, Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates
| | - Tina Skorjanc
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 11c, 5270 Ajdovscina, Slovenia
| | - Felipe Gándara
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid-CSIC, C/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Raya
- Membrane Biophysics and NMR, Institute of Chemistry, University of Strasbourg - CNRS, Rue Blaise, Pascal 1, Strasbourg, France
| | - Simon Pascal
- Aix Marseille University, UMR 7325 CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanosciences de Marseille (CINaM), Campus de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 09, France
| | - Olivier Siri
- Aix Marseille University, UMR 7325 CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanosciences de Marseille (CINaM), Campus de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 09, France
| | - Ali Trabolsi
- Chemistry Program & NYUAD Water Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), 129188 Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates
| | - Iltaf Shah
- Department of Chemistry, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirate
| | - Dinesh Shetty
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University, PO Box: 127788, Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates; Center for Catalysis and Separations, Khalifa University, PO Box: 127788, Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates.
| | - Syed Salman Ashraf
- Department of Biology, Khalifa University, PO Box: 127788, Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates; Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University, PO Box: 127788, Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates; Advanced Materials Chemistry Center, Khalifa University, PO Box: 127788, Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates.
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15
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Zhu Q, Zheng Y, Zhang Z, Chen Y. Enzyme immobilization on covalent organic framework supports. Nat Protoc 2023; 18:3080-3125. [PMID: 37674094 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-023-00868-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are natural catalysts with high catalytic activity, substrate specificity and selectivity. Their widespread utilization in industrial applications is limited by their sensitivity to harsh reaction conditions and difficulties relating to their removal and re-use after the reaction is complete. These limitations can be addressed by immobilizing the enzymes in solid porous supports. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are ideal candidate carriers because of their good biocompatibility, long-term water stability and large surface area. In post-synthetic immobilization, the enzyme is added to an existing COF; this has had limited success because of enzyme leaching and pore blockage by enzymes that are too large. Direct-immobilization methods-building the COF around the enzyme-allow tailored incorporation of proteins of any size and result in materials with lower levels of leaching and better mass transport of reactants and products. This protocol describes direct-immobilization methods that can be used to fabricate enzyme@COF (@ = engulfing) biocomposites with rationally programmed structures and functions. If COF construction requires harsh reaction conditions, the enzyme can be protected by using a removable metal-organic framework. Alternatively, a direct in situ approach, in which the enzyme and the COF monomers assemble under very mild conditions, can be used. Examples of both approaches are described: enzyme@COF-42-B/43-B capsules (enzymes including catalase, glucose oxidase, etc.) with ZIF-90 or ZPF-2 as protectors, and lipase@NKCOF-98/99 via in situ direct-immobilization methods (synthesis timing: 30-100 min). Example assays for physical and functional characterization of the COF and enzyme@COF materials are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yunlong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Zhenjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
| | - Yao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China.
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16
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Feng J, Huang QY, Zhang C, Ramakrishna S, Dong YB. Review of covalent organic frameworks for enzyme immobilization: Strategies, applications, and prospects. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125729. [PMID: 37422245 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Efficient enzyme immobilization systems offer a promising approach for improving enzyme stability and recyclability, reducing enzyme contamination in products, and expanding the applications of enzymes in the biomedical field. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) possess high surface areas, ordered channels, optional building blocks, highly tunable porosity, stable mechanical properties, and abundant functional groups, making them ideal candidates for enzyme immobilization. Various COF-enzyme composites have been successfully synthesized, with performances that surpass those of free enzymes in numerous ways. This review aims to provide an overview of current enzyme immobilization strategies using COFs, highlighting the characteristics of each method and recent research applications. The future opportunities and challenges of enzyme immobilization technology using COFs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Feng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; Centre for Nanotechnology and Sustainability, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117574 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qing-Yun Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Ce Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Sustainability, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117574 Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Yu-Bin Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
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17
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Zhou S, Kuang Y, Lin H, Zheng J, Ouyang G. Modulating covalent organic frameworks with accessible carboxyl to boost superior extraction of polar nitrobenzene compounds from matrix-complicated beverages. Food Chem 2023; 426:136626. [PMID: 37354579 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The wide use and high polarity of nitrobenzene compounds (NBCs) have caused a concern for their residues in daily beverages. Herein, the covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with abundant carboxyl were ingeniously designed by introducing a novel modulator, and further developed as solid phase microextraction (SPME) coatings. Due to the enhanced polar interaction, the extraction efficiencies of modified COF for NBCs were sharply increased. After coupling the high-performance SPME fiber with gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), an ultrasensitive analytical method was developed, with a wide linear range (0.50-5000 ng/L), and low limits of detection (0.15-3.0 ng/L). More importantly, the method was highly feasible and practical, leading to the precise determinations of trace NBCs from variously matrix-complicated samples. This work provides a viable and efficacious approach for the extraction and analysis of polar pollutants form complicated matrices, and is of great significance for mild COF modification and its extended applications in analytical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suxin Zhou
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yixin Kuang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Hongkai Lin
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Juan Zheng
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Test for Dangerous Chemicals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Ambient Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center Guangzhou), 100 Xianlie Middle Road, Guangzhou 510070, PR China; Chemistry College, Center of Advanced Analysis and Gene Sequencing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
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18
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Bai D, Qiu J, Li J, Zhou S, Cui X, Tang X, Tang Y, Liu W, Chen B. Mesoporous Mixed-Metal-Organic Framework Incorporating a [Ru(Phen) 3] 2+ Photosensitizer for Highly Efficient Aerobic Photocatalytic Oxidative Coupling of Amines. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37312235 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
[Ru(Phen)3]2+ (phen = phenanthroline) as a very classical photosensitizer possesses strong absorption in the visible range and facilitates photoinduced electron transfer, which plays a vital role in regulating photochemical reactions. However, it remains a significant challenge to utilize more adequately and exploit more efficiently the ruthenium-based materials due to the uniqueness, scarcity, and nonrenewal of the noble metal. Here, we integrate the intrinsic advantages of the ruthenium-based photosensitizer and mesoporous metal-organic frameworks (meso-MOFs) into a [Ru(Phen)3]2+ photosensitizer-embedded heterometallic Ni(II)/Ru(II) meso-MOF (LTG-NiRu) via the metalloligand approach. LTG-NiRu, with an extremely robust framework and a large one-dimensional (1D) channel, not only makes ruthenium photosensitizer units anchored in the inner wall of meso-MOF tubes to circumvent the problem of product/catalyst separation and recycling of catalysts in heterogeneous systems but also exhibits exceptional activities for the aerobic photocatalytic oxidative coupling of amine derivatives as a general photocatalyst. The conversion of the light-induced oxidative coupling reaction for various benzylamines is ∼100% in 1 h, and more than 20 chemical products generated by photocatalytic oxidative cycloaddition of N-substituted maleimides and N,N-dimethylaniline can be synthesized easily in the presence of LTG-NiRu upon visible light irradiation. Moreover, recycling experiments demonstrate that LTG-NiRu is an excellent heterogeneous photocatalyst with high stability and excellent reusability. LTG-NiRu represents a great potential photosensitizer-based meso-MOF platform with an efficient aerobic photocatalytic oxidation function that is convenient for gram-scale synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjie Bai
- Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jinlin Qiu
- Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jingzhe Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shengbin Zhou
- Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiang Cui
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People's Government of Qinghai Province & Beijing Normal University, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Xiaoliang Tang
- Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People's Government of Qinghai Province & Beijing Normal University, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Weisheng Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People's Government of Qinghai Province & Beijing Normal University, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Banglin Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
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19
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López-Magano A, Daliran S, Oveisi AR, Mas-Ballesté R, Dhakshinamoorthy A, Alemán J, Garcia H, Luque R. Recent Advances in the Use of Covalent Organic Frameworks as Heterogenous Photocatalysts in Organic Synthesis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209475. [PMID: 36563668 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Organic photochemistry is intensely developed in the 1980s, in which the nature of excited electronic states and the energy and electron transfer processes are thoroughly studied and finally well-understood. This knowledge from molecular organic photochemistry can be transferred to the design of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as active visible-light photocatalysts. COFs constitute a new class of crystalline porous materials with substantial application potentials. Featured with outstanding structural tunability, large porosity, high surface area, excellent stability, and unique photoelectronic properties, COFs are studied as potential candidates in various research areas (e.g., photocatalysis). This review aims to provide the state-of-the-art insights into the design of COF photocatalysts (pristine, functionalized, and hybrid COFs) for organic transformations. The catalytic reaction mechanism of COF-based photocatalysts and the influence of dimensionality and crystallinity on heterogenous photocatalysis performance are also discussed, followed by perspectives and prospects on the main challenges and opportunities in future research of COFs and COF-based photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto López-Magano
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Módulo 7, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Saba Daliran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, 98615-538, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Oveisi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, 98615-538, Iran
| | - Rubén Mas-Ballesté
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Módulo 7, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Amarajothi Dhakshinamoorthy
- School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India
- Organic Chemistry Department, Módulo 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - José Alemán
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnología Química CSIC-UPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Av. de los Naranjos s/n, Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - Hermenegildo Garcia
- Organic Chemistry Department, Módulo 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Rafael Luque
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra Nnal IV-A, Km 396, Cordoba, E14014, Spain
- Department of Chemistry, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya str., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
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Yuan Y, Bang KT, Wang R, Kim Y. Macrocycle-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210952. [PMID: 36608278 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Macrocycles with well-defined cavities and the ability to undergo supramolecular interactions are classical materials that have played an essential role in materials science. However, one of the most substantial barriers limiting the utilization of macrocycles is their aggregation, which blocks the active regions. Among many attempted strategies to prevent such aggregation, installing macrocycles into covalent organic frameworks (COFs), which are porous and stable reticular networks, has emerged as an ideal solution. The resulting macrocycle-based COFs (M-COFs) preserve the macrocycles' unique activities, enabling applications in various fields such as single-atom catalysis, adsorption/separation, optoelectronics, phototherapy, and structural design of forming single-layered or mechanically interlocked COFs. The resulting properties are unmatchable by any combination of macrocycles with other substrates, opening a new chapter in advanced materials. This review focuses on the latest progress in the concepts, synthesis, properties, and applications of M-COFs, and presents an in-depth outlook on the challenges and opportunities in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Yuan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ki-Taek Bang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yoonseob Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Bian S, Huang G, Xuan Y, He B, Liu J, Xu B, Zhang G. Pore surface engineering of covalent organic framework membrane by alkyl chains for lithium based batteries. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Wang Z, Zhu Q, Wang J, Jin F, Zhang P, Yan D, Cheng P, Chen Y, Zhang Z. Industry-compatible covalent organic frameworks for green chemical engineering. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1391-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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