1
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Wang M, Zeng R, Zheng S, Qian Y. Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha and synthetic RORα agonist against invasion and metastasis in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 733:150421. [PMID: 39047426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha (RORα), an essential tumor suppressor in a range of human malignancies, is classified as a member of the orphan nuclear receptor family. The most prevalent form of oral cancer, tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is characterized by its severe malignancy and unfavorable prognosis. However, the extent to which its tumorigenesis mechanisms are associated with RORα expression levels is still not fully understood. The objective of this study was to examine the molecular mechanisms by which RORα is involved in TSCC. Through the use of immunohistochemistry (IHC), it was discovered that the expression level of RORα was significantly downregulated in TSCC tissues when compared to adjacent normal tissues in this study. To further investigate the role of RORα in TSCC, we activated the expression of RORα in human TSCC cell line (SCC9 cells) by transfecting RORα cDNA and using the selective RORα agonist SR1078. The results show that RORα can significantly inhibit the invasion, migration, proliferation, and adhesion of TSCC cells and induce cell apoptosis. In addition, xenograft models confirmed the conclusion that stable activation or treatment with SR1078 to increase RORα content significantly inhibited tumor growth and development. Taken together, this study provides solid evidence for the inhibitory role of RORα in the progression of TSCC. In addition, the preliminary application results of SR1078 in TSCC show that SR1078 is expected to be a potential therapeutic medication for TSCC. These findings provide innovative perspectives on the development of potential biomarkers and agents for TSCC therapy. The objective is to introduce novel strategy and alternatives for the prevention and treatment of TSCC.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Tongue Neoplasms/pathology
- Tongue Neoplasms/metabolism
- Tongue Neoplasms/genetics
- Tongue Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/metabolism
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/agonists
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Mice, Nude
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Female
- Male
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Benzamides
- Fluorocarbons
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Wang
- School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Ran Zeng
- School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Shuang Zheng
- School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Yong Qian
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China.
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2
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Sarrazin DH, Gardner W, Marchese C, Balzinger M, Ramanathan C, Schott M, Rozov S, Veleanu M, Vestring S, Normann C, Rantamäki T, Antoine B, Barrot M, Challet E, Bourgin P, Serchov T. Prefrontal cortex molecular clock modulates development of depression-like phenotype and rapid antidepressant response in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7257. [PMID: 39179578 PMCID: PMC11344080 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51716-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is associated with dysregulated circadian rhythms, but the role of intrinsic clocks in mood-controlling brain regions remains poorly understood. We found increased circadian negative loop and decreased positive clock regulators expression in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of a mouse model of depression, and a subsequent clock countermodulation by the rapid antidepressant ketamine. Selective Bmal1KO in CaMK2a excitatory neurons revealed that the functional mPFC clock is an essential factor for the development of a depression-like phenotype and ketamine effects. Per2 silencing in mPFC produced antidepressant-like effects, while REV-ERB agonism enhanced the depression-like phenotype and suppressed ketamine action. Pharmacological potentiation of clock positive modulator ROR elicited antidepressant-like effects, upregulating plasticity protein Homer1a, synaptic AMPA receptors expression and plasticity-related slow wave activity specifically in the mPFC. Our data demonstrate a critical role for mPFC molecular clock in regulating depression-like behavior and the therapeutic potential of clock pharmacological manipulations influencing glutamatergic-dependent plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Sarrazin
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences (INCI) UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France
| | - Wilf Gardner
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences (INCI) UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Carole Marchese
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences (INCI) UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Martin Balzinger
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences (INCI) UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Marion Schott
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences (INCI) UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stanislav Rozov
- Laboratory of Neurotherapeutics, Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maxime Veleanu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Vestring
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Berta-Ottenstein-Programme for Clinician Scientists, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claus Normann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Neuromodulation, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tomi Rantamäki
- Laboratory of Neurotherapeutics, Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Benedicte Antoine
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherches St-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
| | - Michel Barrot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences (INCI) UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Etienne Challet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences (INCI) UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrice Bourgin
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences (INCI) UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France
- CIRCSom (International Research Center for ChronoSomnology) & Sleep Disorders Center, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Tsvetan Serchov
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences (INCI) UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France.
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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3
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Nematisouldaragh D, Nguyen H, Rabinovich-Nikitin I. Agonists, inverse agonists, and antagonists as therapeutic approaches to manipulate retinoic acid-related orphan receptors. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38728749 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2024-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Retinoic acid-related orphan receptors (RORs) serve as transcription factors that play a pivotal role in a myriad of physiological processes within the body. Their involvement extends to critical biological processes that confer protective effects in the heart, immune system, and nervous system, as well as contributing to the mitigation of several aggressive cancer types. These protective functions are attributed to ROR's regulation of key proteins and the management of various cellular processes, including autophagy, mitophagy, inflammation, oxidative stress, and glucose metabolism, highlighting the emerging need for pharmacological approaches to modulate ROR expression. Thus, the modulation of RORs is a rapidly growing area of research aimed not only at comprehending these receptors, but also at manipulating them to attain the desired physiological response. Despite the presence of natural ROR ligands, the development of synthetic agonists with high selectivity for these receptors holds substantial therapeutic potential. The exploration and advancement of such compounds can effectively target diseases associated with ROR dysregulation, thereby providing avenues for therapeutic interventions. Herein, we provide a comprehensive examination of the multifaceted role of ROR in diverse physiological and pathophysiological conditions, accompanied by an in-depth exploration of a spectrum of ROR agonists, inverse agonists, and antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darya Nematisouldaragh
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady College of Medicine, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Huong Nguyen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady College of Medicine, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Inna Rabinovich-Nikitin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady College of Medicine, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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4
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Wang L, Wang B, Wu C, Wang J, Sun M. Autism Spectrum Disorder: Neurodevelopmental Risk Factors, Biological Mechanism, and Precision Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031819. [PMID: 36768153 PMCID: PMC9915249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous, behaviorally defined neurodevelopmental disorder. Over the past two decades, the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders has progressively increased, however, no clear diagnostic markers and specifically targeted medications for autism have emerged. As a result, neurobehavioral abnormalities, neurobiological alterations in ASD, and the development of novel ASD pharmacological therapy necessitate multidisciplinary collaboration. In this review, we discuss the development of multiple animal models of ASD to contribute to the disease mechanisms of ASD, as well as new studies from multiple disciplines to assess the behavioral pathology of ASD. In addition, we summarize and highlight the mechanistic advances regarding gene transcription, RNA and non-coding RNA translation, abnormal synaptic signaling pathways, epigenetic post-translational modifications, brain-gut axis, immune inflammation and neural loop abnormalities in autism to provide a theoretical basis for the next step of precision therapy. Furthermore, we review existing autism therapy tactics and limits and present challenges and opportunities for translating multidisciplinary knowledge of ASD into clinical practice.
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5
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Ribeiro S, Sherrard RM. Cerebellum and neurodevelopmental disorders: RORα is a unifying force. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1108339. [PMID: 37066074 PMCID: PMC10098020 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1108339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Errors of cerebellar development are increasingly acknowledged as risk factors for neuro-developmental disorders (NDDs), such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and schizophrenia. Evidence has been assembled from cerebellar abnormalities in autistic patients, as well as a range of genetic mutations identified in human patients that affect the cerebellar circuit, particularly Purkinje cells, and are associated with deficits of motor function, learning and social behavior; traits that are commonly associated with autism and schizophrenia. However, NDDs, such as ASD and schizophrenia, also include systemic abnormalities, e.g., chronic inflammation, abnormal circadian rhythms etc., which cannot be explained by lesions that only affect the cerebellum. Here we bring together phenotypic, circuit and structural evidence supporting the contribution of cerebellar dysfunction in NDDs and propose that the transcription factor Retinoid-related Orphan Receptor alpha (RORα) provides the missing link underlying both cerebellar and systemic abnormalities observed in NDDs. We present the role of RORα in cerebellar development and how the abnormalities that occur due to RORα deficiency could explain NDD symptoms. We then focus on how RORα is linked to NDDs, particularly ASD and schizophrenia, and how its diverse extra-cerebral actions can explain the systemic components of these diseases. Finally, we discuss how RORα-deficiency is likely a driving force for NDDs through its induction of cerebellar developmental defects, which in turn affect downstream targets, and its regulation of extracerebral systems, such as inflammation, circadian rhythms, and sexual dimorphism.
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6
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Martins GL, Ferreira CN, Palotás A, Rocha NP, Reis HJ. Role of Oxysterols in the Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome as a Potential Pharmacological Approach in Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:202-212. [PMID: 35339182 PMCID: PMC10190144 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220327215245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent form of dementia, is a complex clinical condition with multifactorial origin posing a major burden to health care systems across the world. Even though the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the disease are still unclear, both central and peripheral inflammation has been implicated in the process. Piling evidence shows that the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is activated in AD. As dyslipidemia is a risk factor for dementia, and cholesterol can also activate the inflammasome, a possible link between lipid levels and the NLRP3 inflammasome has been proposed in Alzheimer's. It is also speculated that not only cholesterol but also its metabolites, the oxysterols, may be involved in AD pathology. In this context, mounting data suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome activity can be modulated by different peripheral nuclear receptors, including liver-X receptors, which present oxysterols as endogenous ligands. In light of this, the current review explores whether the activation of NLRP3 by nuclear receptors, mediated by oxysterols, may also be involved in AD and could serve as a potential pharmacological avenue in dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela L. Martins
- Laboratório Neurofarmacologia, Departamento de Farmacologia, ICB-UFMG, Belo Horizonte MG, 31270 - 901, Brazil
| | | | - András Palotás
- Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- Asklepios Med, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Natália P. Rocha
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Helton J. Reis
- Laboratório Neurofarmacologia, Departamento de Farmacologia, ICB-UFMG, Belo Horizonte MG, 31270 - 901, Brazil
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7
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He T, Pang S, Wang H, Yun H, Hao X, Jia L, Liu H, Wang D, Wang D, Xu H, Jie Q, Yang L, Zheng C. Drugging the circadian clock feedback cycle to ameliorate cartilage degeneration. FEBS J 2022; 289:6643-6658. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.16601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting He
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Siyi Pang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Huanbo Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Haitao Yun
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Xue Hao
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedic, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine Xi'an China
| | - Liyuan Jia
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, College of Life Science Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - He Liu
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Di Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Dong Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Huiyun Xu
- School of Life Sciences Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
| | - Qiang Jie
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedic, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine Xi'an China
| | - Liu Yang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
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8
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Fagiani F, Di Marino D, Romagnoli A, Travelli C, Voltan D, Mannelli LDC, Racchi M, Govoni S, Lanni C. Molecular regulations of circadian rhythm and implications for physiology and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:41. [PMID: 35136018 PMCID: PMC8825842 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00899-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The term “circadian rhythms” describes endogenous oscillations with ca. 24-h period associated with the earth’s daily rotation and light/dark cycle. Such rhythms reflect the existence of an intrinsic circadian clock that temporally orchestrates physiological processes to adapt the internal environment with the external cues. At the molecular level, the circadian clock consists of multiple sets of transcription factors resulting in autoregulatory transcription-translation feedback loops. Notably, in addition to their primary role as generator of circadian rhythm, the biological clock plays a key role in controlling physiological functions of almost all tissues and organs. It regulates several intracellular signaling pathways, ranging from cell proliferation, DNA damage repair and response, angiogenesis, metabolic and redox homeostasis, to inflammatory and immune response. In this review, we summarize findings showing the crosstalk between the circadian molecular clock and some key intracellular pathways, describing a scenario wherein their reciprocal regulation impinges upon several aspects of mammalian physiology. Moreover, based on evidence indicating that circadian rhythms can be challenged by environmental factors, social behaviors, as well as pre-existing pathological conditions, we discuss implications of circadian misalignment in human pathologies, such as cancer and inflammatory diseases. Accordingly, disruption of circadian rhythm has been reported to affect several physiological processes that are relevant to human diseases. Expanding our understanding of this field represents an intriguing and transversal medicine challenge in order to establish a circadian precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fagiani
- Department of Drug Sciences (Pharmacology Section), University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Di Marino
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.,New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alice Romagnoli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.,New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristina Travelli
- Department of Drug Sciences (Pharmacology Section), University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Davide Voltan
- Department of Drug Sciences (Pharmacology Section), University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Marco Racchi
- Department of Drug Sciences (Pharmacology Section), University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Govoni
- Department of Drug Sciences (Pharmacology Section), University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Lanni
- Department of Drug Sciences (Pharmacology Section), University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
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9
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Matsuoka H, Michihara A. Identification of the RORα Transcriptional Network Contributes to the Search for Therapeutic Targets in Atherosclerosis. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:1607-1616. [PMID: 34719639 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor α (RORα) is involved in the regulation of several physiological processes, including development, metabolism, and circadian rhythm. RORα-deficient mice display profound atherosclerosis, in which hypoalphalipoproteinemia is reportedly associated with decreased plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein, increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, and ischemia/reperfusion-induced damage. The recent characterization of endogenous ligands (including cholesterol, oxysterols, provitamin D3, and their derivatives), mediators, and initiation complexes associated with the transcriptional regulation of these orphan nuclear receptors has facilitated the development of synthetic ligands. These findings have also highlighted the potential of application of RORα as a therapeutic target for several diseases, including diabetes, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis. In this review, the current literature related to the structure and function of RORα, its genetic inter-individual differences, and its potential as a therapeutic target in atherosclerosis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Matsuoka
- Laboratory of Genomic Function and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University
| | - Akihiro Michihara
- Laboratory of Genomic Function and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University
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10
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Beak JY, Kang HS, Huang W, Deshmukh R, Hong SJ, Kadakia N, Aghajanian A, Gerrish K, Jetten A, Jensen B. The nuclear receptor RORα preserves cardiomyocyte mitochondrial function by regulating caveolin-3-mediated mitophagy. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101358. [PMID: 34756888 PMCID: PMC8626585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Preserving optimal mitochondrial function is critical in the heart, which is the most ATP-avid organ in the body. Recently, we showed that global deficiency of the nuclear receptor RORα in the "staggerer" mouse exacerbates angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and compromises cardiomyocyte mitochondrial function. However, the mechanisms underlying these observations have not been defined previously. Here, we used pharmacological and genetic gain- and loss-of-function tools to demonstrate that RORα regulates cardiomyocyte mitophagy to preserve mitochondrial abundance and function. We found that cardiomyocyte mitochondria in staggerer mice with lack of functional RORα were less numerous and exhibited fewer mitophagy events than those in WT controls. The hearts of our novel cardiomyocyte-specific RORα KO mouse line demonstrated impaired contractile function, enhanced oxidative stress, increased apoptosis, and reduced autophagic flux relative to Cre(-) littermates. We found that cardiomyocyte mitochondria in "staggerer" mice with lack of functional RORα were upregulated by hypoxia, a classical inducer of mitophagy. The loss of RORα blunted mitophagy and broadly compromised mitochondrial function in normoxic and hypoxic conditions in vivo and in vitro. We also show that RORα is a direct transcriptional regulator of the mitophagy mediator caveolin-3 in cardiomyocytes and that enhanced expression of RORα increases caveolin-3 abundance and enhances mitophagy. Finally, knockdown of RORα impairs cardiomyocyte mitophagy, compromises mitochondrial function, and induces apoptosis, but these defects could be rescued by caveolin-3 overexpression. Collectively, these findings reveal a novel role for RORα in regulating mitophagy through caveolin-3 and expand our currently limited understanding of the mechanisms underlying RORα-mediated cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Youn Beak
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hong Soon Kang
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rishi Deshmukh
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Seok Jae Hong
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nishi Kadakia
- Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lillington, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amir Aghajanian
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kevin Gerrish
- Molecular Genomics Core Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anton Jetten
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brian Jensen
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
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11
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Baranova J, Dragunas G, Botellho MCS, Ayub ALP, Bueno-Alves R, Alencar RR, Papaiz DD, Sogayar MC, Ulrich H, Correa RG. Autism Spectrum Disorder: Signaling Pathways and Prospective Therapeutic Targets. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 41:619-649. [PMID: 32468442 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00882-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) consists of a prevalent and heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental diseases representing a severe burden to affected individuals and their caretakers. Despite substantial improvement towards understanding of ASD etiology and pathogenesis, as well as increased social awareness and more intensive research, no effective drugs have been successfully developed to resolve the main and most cumbersome ASD symptoms. Hence, finding better treatments, which may act as "disease-modifying" agents, and novel biomarkers for earlier ASD diagnosis and disease stage determination are needed. Diverse mutations of core components and consequent malfunctions of several cell signaling pathways have already been found in ASD by a series of experimental platforms, including genetic associations analyses and studies utilizing pre-clinical animal models and patient samples. These signaling cascades govern a broad range of neurological features such as neuronal development, neurotransmission, metabolism, and homeostasis, as well as immune regulation and inflammation. Here, we review the current knowledge on signaling pathways which are commonly disrupted in ASD and autism-related conditions. As such, we further propose ways to translate these findings into the development of genetic and biochemical clinical tests for early autism detection. Moreover, we highlight some putative druggable targets along these pathways, which, upon further research efforts, may evolve into novel therapeutic interventions for certain ASD conditions. Lastly, we also refer to the crosstalk among these major signaling cascades as well as their putative implications in therapeutics. Based on this collective information, we believe that a timely and accurate modulation of these prominent pathways may shape the neurodevelopment and neuro-immune regulation of homeostatic patterns and, hopefully, rescue some (if not all) ASD phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Baranova
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Dragunas
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mayara C S Botellho
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Luisa P Ayub
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 669, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Bueno-Alves
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Rebeca R Alencar
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Debora D Papaiz
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 669, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Mari C Sogayar
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
- Cell and Molecular Therapy Center, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Rua Pangaré 100 (Edifício NUCEL), Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05360-130, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ricardo G Correa
- NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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12
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Ribeiro RFN, Cavadas C, Silva MMC. Small-molecule modulators of the circadian clock: Pharmacological potentials in circadian-related diseases. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1620-1641. [PMID: 33781946 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Disruption of circadian oscillations has a wide-ranging impact on health, with the potential to induce the development of clock-related diseases. Small-molecule modulators of the circadian clock (SMMCC) target core or noncore clock proteins, modulating physiological effects as a consequence of agonist, inverse agonist, or antagonist interference. These pharmacological modulators are usually identified using chemical screening of large libraries of active compounds. However, target-based screens, chemical optimization, and circadian crystallography have recently assisted in the identification of these compounds. In this review, we focus on established and novel SMMCCs targeting both core and noncore clock proteins, identifying their circadian targets, detailed circadian effects, and specific physiological effects. In addition, we discuss their therapeutic potential for the treatment of diverse clock-related disorders (such as metabolic-associated disorders, autoimmune diseases, mood disorders, and cancer) and as chronotherapeutics. Future perspectives are also considered, such as clinical trials, and potential safety hazards, including those in the absence of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo F N Ribeiro
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Centre for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Cavadas
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Centre for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Maria Manuel C Silva
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Centre for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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13
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Gandhi T, Lee CC. Neural Mechanisms Underlying Repetitive Behaviors in Rodent Models of Autism Spectrum Disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 14:592710. [PMID: 33519379 PMCID: PMC7840495 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.592710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is comprised of several conditions characterized by alterations in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to the heterogeneous development of ASD behaviors. Several rodent models display ASD-like phenotypes, including repetitive behaviors. In this review article, we discuss the potential neural mechanisms involved in repetitive behaviors in rodent models of ASD and related neuropsychiatric disorders. We review signaling pathways, neural circuits, and anatomical alterations in rodent models that display robust stereotypic behaviors. Understanding the mechanisms and circuit alterations underlying repetitive behaviors in rodent models of ASD will inform translational research and provide useful insight into therapeutic strategies for the treatment of repetitive behaviors in ASD and other neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Gandhi
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
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14
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Matsuoka H, Katayama M, Ohishi A, Miya K, Tokunaga R, Kobayashi S, Nishimoto Y, Hirooka K, Shima A, Michihara A. Orphan Nuclear Receptor RORα Regulates Enzymatic Metabolism of Cerebral 24S-Hydroxycholesterol through CYP39A1 Intronic Response Element Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093309. [PMID: 32392803 PMCID: PMC7246805 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxysterols, important regulators of cholesterol homeostasis in the brain, are affected by neurodegenerative diseases. Early-onset Alzheimer’s disease is associated with higher levels of circulating brain-derived 24S-hydroxycholesterol (24S-OHC). Conversion of cholesterol to 24S-OHC is mediated by cholesterol 24S-hydroxylase in the brain, which is the major pathway for oxysterol elimination, followed by oxidation through hepatic first-pass metabolism by CYP39A1. Abnormal CYP39A1 expression results in accumulation of 24S-OHC, influencing neurodegenerative disease-related deterioration; thus, it is important to understand the normal elimination of 24S-OHC and the system regulating CYP39A1, a selective hepatic metabolic enzyme of 24S-OHC. We examined the role of transcriptional regulation by retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor α (RORα), a nuclear receptor that responds to oxysterol ligands. In humans, the promoter and first intronic regions of CYP39A1 contain two putative RORα response elements (ROREs). RORα binding and responses of these ROREs were assessed using electrophoretic mobility shift, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays. CYP39A1 was upregulated by RORα overexpression in HEK293 cells, while RORα knockdown by siRNA significantly downregulated CYP39A1 expression in human hepatoma cells. Additionally, CYP39A1 was induced by RORα agonist treatment, suggesting that CYP39A1 expression is activated by RORα nuclear receptors. This may provide a way to increase CYP39A1 activity using RORα agonists, and help halt 24S-OHC accumulation in neurodegenerative illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Matsuoka
- Laboratory of Genome Function and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan; (M.K.); (A.O.); (K.M.); (R.T.); (S.K.); (Y.N.); (A.S.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-84-936-2111
| | - Miyu Katayama
- Laboratory of Genome Function and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan; (M.K.); (A.O.); (K.M.); (R.T.); (S.K.); (Y.N.); (A.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Ami Ohishi
- Laboratory of Genome Function and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan; (M.K.); (A.O.); (K.M.); (R.T.); (S.K.); (Y.N.); (A.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Kaoruko Miya
- Laboratory of Genome Function and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan; (M.K.); (A.O.); (K.M.); (R.T.); (S.K.); (Y.N.); (A.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Riki Tokunaga
- Laboratory of Genome Function and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan; (M.K.); (A.O.); (K.M.); (R.T.); (S.K.); (Y.N.); (A.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Sou Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Genome Function and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan; (M.K.); (A.O.); (K.M.); (R.T.); (S.K.); (Y.N.); (A.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Yuya Nishimoto
- Laboratory of Genome Function and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan; (M.K.); (A.O.); (K.M.); (R.T.); (S.K.); (Y.N.); (A.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Kazutake Hirooka
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan;
| | - Akiho Shima
- Laboratory of Genome Function and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan; (M.K.); (A.O.); (K.M.); (R.T.); (S.K.); (Y.N.); (A.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Akihiro Michihara
- Laboratory of Genome Function and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan; (M.K.); (A.O.); (K.M.); (R.T.); (S.K.); (Y.N.); (A.S.); (A.M.)
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15
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Miller S, Hirota T. Pharmacological Interventions to Circadian Clocks and Their Molecular Bases. J Mol Biol 2020; 432:3498-3514. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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16
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Su J, Su B, Xia H, Liu F, Zhao X, Li J, Zhang J, Shi Y, Zeng Y, Zeng X, Ling H, Wu Y, Su Q. RORα Suppresses Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Invasion in Human Gastric Cancer Cells via the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1344. [PMID: 31867273 PMCID: PMC6909819 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoid-related orphan receptor alpha (RORα) is involved in tumor development. However, the mechanisms underlying RORα inhibiting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasion are poorly understood in gastric cancer (GC). This study revealed that the decreased expression of RORα is associated with GC development, progression, and prognosis. RORα suppressed cell proliferation, EMT, and invasion in GC cells through inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. RORα overexpression resulted in the decreased Wnt1 expression and the increased RORα interaction with β-catenin, which could lead to the decreased intranuclear β-catenin and p-β-catenin levels, concomitant with downregulated T-cell factor-4 (TCF-4) expression and the promoter activity of c-Myc. The inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin pathway was coupled with the reduced expression of Axin, c-Myc, and c-Jun. RORα downregulated vimentin and Snail and upregulated E-cadherin protein levels in vitro and in vivo. Inversely, knockdown of RORα attenuated its inhibitory effects on Wnt/β-catenin pathway and its downstream gene expression, facilitating cell proliferation, EMT, migration, and invasion in GC cells. Therefore, RORα could play a crucial role in repressing GC cell proliferation, EMT, and invasion via downregulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Su
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Bo Su
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics of Hunan Provincial University, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hong Xia
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - XiaoHong Zhao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Department of Gynaecology, Hainan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Juan Li
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Loudi Center Hospital, Loudi, China
| | - JiZhen Zhang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xi Zeng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hui Ling
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - YouHua Wu
- Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Qi Su
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Center for Gastric Cancer Research of Hunan Province, First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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17
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Kumar S, Reynolds K, Ji Y, Gu R, Rai S, Zhou CJ. Impaired neurodevelopmental pathways in autism spectrum disorder: a review of signaling mechanisms and crosstalk. J Neurodev Disord 2019; 11:10. [PMID: 31202261 PMCID: PMC6571119 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-019-9268-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development of an autistic brain is a highly complex process as evident from the involvement of various genetic and non-genetic factors in the etiology of the autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite being a multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorder, autistic patients display a few key characteristics, such as the impaired social interactions and elevated repetitive behaviors, suggesting the perturbation of specific neuronal circuits resulted from abnormal signaling pathways during brain development in ASD. A comprehensive review for autistic signaling mechanisms and interactions may provide a better understanding of ASD etiology and treatment. Main body Recent studies on genetic models and ASD patients with several different mutated genes revealed the dysregulation of several key signaling pathways, such as WNT, BMP, SHH, and retinoic acid (RA) signaling. Although no direct evidence of dysfunctional FGF or TGF-β signaling in ASD has been reported so far, a few examples of indirect evidence can be found. This review article summarizes how various genetic and non-genetic factors which have been reported contributing to ASD interact with WNT, BMP/TGF-β, SHH, FGF, and RA signaling pathways. The autism-associated gene ubiquitin-protein ligase E3A (UBE3A) has been reported to influence WNT, BMP, and RA signaling pathways, suggesting crosstalk between various signaling pathways during autistic brain development. Finally, the article comments on what further studies could be performed to gain deeper insights into the understanding of perturbed signaling pathways in the etiology of ASD. Conclusion The understanding of mechanisms behind various signaling pathways in the etiology of ASD may help to facilitate the identification of potential therapeutic targets and design of new treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, 2425 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
| | - Kurt Reynolds
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, 2425 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Yu Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, 2425 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Ran Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, 2425 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Sunil Rai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, 2425 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Chengji J Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, 2425 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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18
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Cha HK, Chung S, Lim HY, Jung JW, Son GH. Small Molecule Modulators of the Circadian Molecular Clock With Implications for Neuropsychiatric Diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 11:496. [PMID: 30718998 PMCID: PMC6348269 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms regulate many biological processes and play fundamental roles in behavior, physiology, and metabolism. Such periodicity is critical for homeostasis because disruption or misalignment of the intrinsic rhythms is associated with the onset and progression of various human diseases and often directly leads to pathological states. Since the first identification of mammalian circadian clock genes, numerous genetic and biochemical studies have revealed the molecular basis of these cell-autonomous and self-sustainable rhythms. Specifically, these rhythms are generated by two interlocking transcription/translation feedback loops of clock proteins. As our understanding of these underlying mechanisms and their functional outputs has expanded, strategies have emerged to pharmacologically control the circadian molecular clock. Small molecules that target the molecular clock may present novel therapeutic strategies to treat chronic circadian rhythm-related diseases. These pharmaceutical approaches may include the development of new drugs to treat circadian clock-related disorders or combinational use with existing therapeutic strategies to improve efficacy via intrinsic clock-dependent mechanisms. Importantly, circadian rhythm disruptions correlate with, and often precede, many symptoms of various neuropsychiatric disorders such as sleep disorders, affective disorders, addiction-related disorders, and neurodegeneration. In this mini-review, we focus on recent discoveries of small molecules that pharmacologically modulate the core components of the circadian clock and their potential as preventive and/or therapeutic strategies for circadian clock-related neuropsychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Kyeong Cha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sooyoung Chung
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Scranton College, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Young Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Wha Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Gi Hoon Son
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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19
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Beak JY, Kang HS, Huang W, Myers PH, Bowles DE, Jetten AM, Jensen BC. The nuclear receptor RORα protects against angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 316:H186-H200. [PMID: 30387679 PMCID: PMC6383360 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00531.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear receptor retinoic acid-related orphan receptor-α (RORα) regulates numerous critical biological processes, including central nervous system development, lymphocyte differentiation, and lipid metabolism. RORα has been recently identified in the heart, but very little is known about its role in cardiac physiology. We sought to determine whether RORα regulates myocardial hypertrophy and cardiomyocyte survival in the context of angiotensin II (ANG II) stimulation. For in vivo characterization of the function of RORα in the context of pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, we used the "staggerer" (RORαsg/sg) mouse, which harbors a germline mutation encoding a truncated and globally nonfunctional RORα. RORαsg/sg and wild-type littermate mice were infused with ANG II or vehicle for 14 days. For in vitro experiments, we overexpressed or silenced RORα in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) and human cardiac fibroblasts exposed to ANG II. RORαsg/sg mice developed exaggerated myocardial hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction after ANG II treatment. In vitro gain- and loss-of-function experiments were consistent with the discovery that RORα inhibits ANG II-induced pathological hypertrophy and cardiomyocyte death in vivo. RORα directly repressed IL-6 transcription. Loss of RORα function led to enhanced IL-6 expression, proinflammatory STAT3 activation (phopho-STAT3 Tyr705), and decreased mitochondrial number and function, oxidative stress, hypertrophy, and death of cardiomyocytes upon ANG II exposure. RORα was less abundant in failing compared with nonfailing human heart tissue. In conclusion, RORα protects against ANG II-mediated pathological hypertrophy and heart failure by suppressing the IL-6-STAT3 pathway and enhancing mitochondrial function. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Mice lacking retinoic acid-related orphan receptor-α (RORα) develop exaggerated cardiac hypertrophy after angiotensin II infusion. Loss of RORα leads to enhanced IL-6 expression and NF-κB nuclear translocation. RORα maintains mitochondrial function and reduces oxidative stress after angiotensin II. The abundance of RORα is reduced in failing mouse and human hearts.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/toxicity
- Animals
- Cardiomegaly/etiology
- Cardiomegaly/genetics
- Cardiomegaly/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Female
- Fibroblasts/drug effects
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Heart Failure/etiology
- Heart Failure/genetics
- Heart Failure/metabolism
- Humans
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Loss of Function Mutation
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Middle Aged
- Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism
- Myocardial Contraction
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/physiology
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Youn Beak
- McAllister Heart Institute University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Hong Soon Kang
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Wei Huang
- McAllister Heart Institute University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Page H Myers
- Veterinary Medicine Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Dawn E Bowles
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Anton M Jetten
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Brian C Jensen
- McAllister Heart Institute University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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20
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Watanave M, Hoshino C, Konno A, Fukuzaki Y, Matsuzaki Y, Ishitani T, Hirai H. Pharmacological enhancement of retinoid-related orphan receptor α function mitigates spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 pathology. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 121:263-273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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Insights into the Role of Circadian Rhythms in Bone Metabolism: A Promising Intervention Target? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9156478. [PMID: 30363685 PMCID: PMC6180976 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9156478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Numerous physiological processes of mammals, including bone metabolism, are regulated by the circadian clock system, which consists of a central regulator, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), and the peripheral oscillators of the BMAL1/CLOCK-PERs/CRYs system. Various bone turnover markers and bone metabolism-regulating hormones such as melatonin and parathyroid hormone (PTH) display diurnal rhythmicity. According to previous research, disruption of the circadian clock due to shift work, sleep restriction, or clock gene knockout is associated with osteoporosis or other abnormal bone metabolism, showing the importance of the circadian clock system for maintaining homeostasis of bone metabolism. Moreover, common causes of osteoporosis, including postmenopausal status and aging, are associated with changes in the circadian clock. In our previous research, we found that agonism of the circadian regulators REV-ERBs inhibits osteoclast differentiation and ameliorates ovariectomy-induced bone loss in mice, suggesting that clock genes may be promising intervention targets for abnormal bone metabolism. Moreover, osteoporosis interventions at different time points can provide varying degrees of bone protection, showing the importance of accounting for circadian rhythms for optimal curative effects in clinical treatment of osteoporosis. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about circadian rhythms and bone metabolism.
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Sultan A. Identification and development of clock-modulating small molecules – an emerging approach to fine-tune the disrupted circadian clocks. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2018.1498197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Armiya Sultan
- Chronobiology and Animal Behavior Laboratory, School of Studies in Life Sciences, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
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Hiramoto K, Orita K, Yamate Y, Kasahara E, Yokoyama S, Sato EF. The Clock Genes Are Involved in The Deterioration of Atopic Dermatitis after Day-and-Night Reversed Physical Stress in NC/Nga Mice. Open Biochem J 2018; 12:87-102. [PMID: 30069250 PMCID: PMC6048832 DOI: 10.2174/1874091x01812010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In modern society, irregular lifestyles are a problem. It is well known that Atopic Dermatitis (AD) occurs during physical stress in people with an irregular lifestyle. We evaluated the influence that day-and-night reversal physical stress has on AD. Methods: Six-week-old specific-pathogen-free and conventional NC/Nga male mice were used. For the day-and-night reversal procedure, the mice ran on a treadmill at a slow speed of 10 m/min for 12 h (between 8:00 and 20:00). Then, between 20:00 and 8:00, we put the mice in a dark place. This treatment was repeated every day for two weeks. The behavioral circadian rhythm of the mice was evaluated with the open field test. Then, the mice were sacrificed and histological examinations of the tissues, the expression of peptide hormones, corticosterone, Immunoglobulin E, histamine, and cytokines was performed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: In the treadmill-treated conventional NC/Nga mice, AD symptoms were deteriorated compared with the non-treated conventional NC/Nga mice. The levels of Period (Per) 2, Clock, and brain and muscle arnt-like protein 1 (Bmal1) in the skin were increased constantly in the treadmill-treated conventional mice. Furthermore, the expression of Retinoic Acid-related Orphan Receptor (ROR)α, which activates Bmal1, was increased in the treadmill-treated conventional mice compared with the non-treated conventional mice. In addition, when non-treated conventional mice were administrated by the agonist of RORα, AD symptoms were deteriorated similar to treadmill-treated conventional mice. Conclusion: In the day-and-night reversal mice, the clock genes were increased constantly, indicating that this is a factor that deteriorated AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Hiramoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagakicho, Suzuka, Mie 513-8670, Japan
| | - Kumi Orita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Yurika Yamate
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagakicho, Suzuka, Mie 513-8670, Japan
| | - Emiko Kasahara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yokoyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigakunishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Eisuke F Sato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagakicho, Suzuka, Mie 513-8670, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigakunishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
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24
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Guissart C, Latypova X, Rollier P, Khan TN, Stamberger H, McWalter K, Cho MT, Kjaergaard S, Weckhuysen S, Lesca G, Besnard T, Õunap K, Schema L, Chiocchetti AG, McDonald M, de Bellescize J, Vincent M, Van Esch H, Sattler S, Forghani I, Thiffault I, Freitag CM, Barbouth DS, Cadieux-Dion M, Willaert R, Guillen Sacoto MJ, Safina NP, Dubourg C, Grote L, Carré W, Saunders C, Pajusalu S, Farrow E, Boland A, Karlowicz DH, Deleuze JF, Wojcik MH, Pressman R, Isidor B, Vogels A, Van Paesschen W, Al-Gazali L, Al Shamsi AM, Claustres M, Pujol A, Sanders SJ, Rivier F, Leboucq N, Cogné B, Sasorith S, Sanlaville D, Retterer K, Odent S, Katsanis N, Bézieau S, Koenig M, Davis EE, Pasquier L, Küry S. Dual Molecular Effects of Dominant RORA Mutations Cause Two Variants of Syndromic Intellectual Disability with Either Autism or Cerebellar Ataxia. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 102:744-759. [PMID: 29656859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
RORα, the RAR-related orphan nuclear receptor alpha, is essential for cerebellar development. The spontaneous mutant mouse staggerer, with an ataxic gait caused by neurodegeneration of cerebellar Purkinje cells, was discovered two decades ago to result from homozygous intragenic Rora deletions. However, RORA mutations were hitherto undocumented in humans. Through a multi-centric collaboration, we identified three copy-number variant deletions (two de novo and one dominantly inherited in three generations), one de novo disrupting duplication, and nine de novo point mutations (three truncating, one canonical splice site, and five missense mutations) involving RORA in 16 individuals from 13 families with variable neurodevelopmental delay and intellectual disability (ID)-associated autistic features, cerebellar ataxia, and epilepsy. Consistent with the human and mouse data, disruption of the D. rerio ortholog, roraa, causes significant reduction in the size of the developing cerebellum. Systematic in vivo complementation studies showed that, whereas wild-type human RORA mRNA could complement the cerebellar pathology, missense variants had two distinct pathogenic mechanisms of either haploinsufficiency or a dominant toxic effect according to their localization in the ligand-binding or DNA-binding domains, respectively. This dichotomous direction of effect is likely relevant to the phenotype in humans: individuals with loss-of-function variants leading to haploinsufficiency show ID with autistic features, while individuals with de novo dominant toxic variants present with ID, ataxia, and cerebellar atrophy. Our combined genetic and functional data highlight the complex mutational landscape at the human RORA locus and suggest that dual mutational effects likely determine phenotypic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Guissart
- EA7402 Institut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique, and Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU and Université de Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Xenia Latypova
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; l'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
| | - Paul Rollier
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de causes rares" (CRDI), Centre de référence anomalies du développement CLAD-Ouest, CHU Rennes, 35203 Rennes, France
| | - Tahir N Khan
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Hannah Stamberger
- Division of Neurology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA), 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Neurogenetics Group, Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Megan T Cho
- GeneDx, 207 Perry Parkway, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | - Susanne Kjaergaard
- Chromosome Laboratory, Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sarah Weckhuysen
- Division of Neurology, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA), 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Neurogenetics Group, Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- Service de génétique, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Besnard
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; l'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
| | - Katrin Õunap
- Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 2 L.Puusepa street, Tartu 51014, Estonia
| | - Lynn Schema
- University of Minnesota-Fairview, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Andreas G Chiocchetti
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, JW Goethe University Frankfurt, Deutschordenstraße 50, Frankfurt am Main 60528, Germany
| | - Marie McDonald
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Julitta de Bellescize
- Epilepsy, Sleep and Pediatric Neurophysiology Department, Hospices Civils, Lyon, 69677 Bron, France
| | - Marie Vincent
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; l'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
| | - Hilde Van Esch
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Irman Forghani
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, BRB, room 359 (M-860), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Isabelle Thiffault
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; University of Missouri Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Christine M Freitag
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, JW Goethe University Frankfurt, Deutschordenstraße 50, Frankfurt am Main 60528, Germany
| | - Deborah Sara Barbouth
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, BRB, room 359 (M-860), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Maxime Cadieux-Dion
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | | | | | - Nicole P Safina
- University of Missouri Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; Division of Clinical Genetics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Christèle Dubourg
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire & Génomique, CHU de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - Lauren Grote
- University of Missouri Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; Division of Clinical Genetics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Wilfrid Carré
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire & Génomique, CHU de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - Carol Saunders
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; University of Missouri Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Sander Pajusalu
- Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 2 L.Puusepa street, Tartu 51014, Estonia
| | - Emily Farrow
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; University of Missouri Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; Division of Clinical Genetics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Anne Boland
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Institut de Biologie François Jacob, DRF, CEA, Evry, France
| | - Danielle Hays Karlowicz
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Institut de Biologie François Jacob, DRF, CEA, Evry, France
| | - Monica H Wojcik
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Rena Pressman
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, BRB, room 359 (M-860), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; l'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
| | - Annick Vogels
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Paesschen
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lihadh Al-Gazali
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Mireille Claustres
- EA7402 Institut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique, and Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU and Université de Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, IDIBELL, Gran Via, 199, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, and CIBERER U759, Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases, 08908 Barcelona, Spain, Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stephan J Sanders
- Department of Psychiatry, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - François Rivier
- Department of Neuropaediatrics and CR Maladies Neuromusculaires, CHU Montpellier, PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Leboucq
- Neuroradiologie, CHU de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Benjamin Cogné
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; l'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
| | - Souphatta Sasorith
- EA7402 Institut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique, and Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU and Université de Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Damien Sanlaville
- Service de génétique, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Kyle Retterer
- GeneDx, 207 Perry Parkway, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de causes rares" (CRDI), Centre de référence anomalies du développement CLAD-Ouest, CHU Rennes, 35203 Rennes, France; CNRS UMR 6290, Université de Rennes, 2 Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes, France
| | - Nicholas Katsanis
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Stéphane Bézieau
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; l'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
| | - Michel Koenig
- EA7402 Institut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique, and Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU and Université de Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Erica E Davis
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA.
| | - Laurent Pasquier
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de causes rares" (CRDI), Centre de référence anomalies du développement CLAD-Ouest, CHU Rennes, 35203 Rennes, France
| | - Sébastien Küry
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; l'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France.
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Type 1 metabotropic glutamate receptor and its signaling molecules as therapeutic targets for the treatment of cerebellar disorders. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Chadman KK. Animal models for autism in 2017 and the consequential implications to drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2017; 12:1187-1194. [PMID: 28971687 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2017.1383982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by deficits in social communication and restricted interests/repetitive behaviors, for which there are currently no approved drug treatments. The core symptoms of ASD vary widely in severity and are often accompanied by other neuropsychiatric disorders. Drug discovery has been challenging because of the lack of understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of ASD as well as the heterogeneity of symptoms and symptom severity. Areas covered: In this review, the author discusses animal models of ASD used as targets for drug discovery, focusing primarily on non-syndromic models, primarily rodents. They highlight the wide range of drug targets examined in animal models. While very little of this work has resulted in drug therapy for the behavioral symptoms of ASD yet, it has increased our knowledge of the biology of ASD that is critical for driving drug discovery and has already provided many new drug targets for investigation. Expert opinion: The information gathered from the animal models of ASD is increasing our understanding of the underlying pathophysiology for ASD and is leading to better therapeutic targets. However, the issue of small sample size, heterogeneity within clinical samples, and a lack of replicable outcome measures must be addressed to move forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn K Chadman
- a Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory , NYS Office for People with Developmental Disabilities, Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities , Staten Island , NY , USA
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27
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Chen Z, Yoo SH, Takahashi JS. Development and Therapeutic Potential of Small-Molecule Modulators of Circadian Systems. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2017; 58:231-252. [PMID: 28968186 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010617-052645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Circadian timekeeping systems drive oscillatory gene expression to regulate essential cellular and physiological processes. When the systems are perturbed, pathological consequences ensue and disease risks rise. A growing number of small-molecule modulators have been reported to target circadian systems. Such small molecules, identified via high-throughput screening or derivatized from known scaffolds, have shown promise as drug candidates to improve biological timing and physiological outputs in disease models. In this review, we first briefly describe the circadian system, including the core oscillator and the cellular networks. Research progress on clock-modulating small molecules is presented, focusing on development strategies and biological efficacies. We highlight the therapeutic potential of small molecules in clock-related pathologies, including jet lag and shiftwork; various chronic diseases, particularly metabolic disease; and aging. Emerging opportunities to identify and exploit clock modulators as novel therapeutic agents are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA;
| | - Seung-Hee Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA;
| | - Joseph S Takahashi
- Department of Neuroscience and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
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28
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Meyza KZ, Blanchard DC. The BTBR mouse model of idiopathic autism - Current view on mechanisms. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 76:99-110. [PMID: 28167097 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the most commonly diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder, with current estimates of more than 1% of affected children across nations. The patients form a highly heterogeneous group with only the behavioral phenotype in common. The genetic heterogeneity is reflected in a plethora of animal models representing multiple mutations found in families of affected children. Despite many years of scientific effort, for the majority of cases the genetic cause remains elusive. It is therefore crucial to include well-validated models of idiopathic autism in studies searching for potential therapeutic agents. One of these models is the BTBR T+Itpr3tf/J mouse. The current review summarizes data gathered in recent research on potential molecular mechanisms responsible for the autism-like behavioral phenotype of this strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Z Meyza
- Laboratory of Emotions' Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland.
| | - D C Blanchard
- Department of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Manoa,1993 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
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Benítez-Burraco A, Lattanzi W, Murphy E. Language Impairments in ASD Resulting from a Failed Domestication of the Human Brain. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:373. [PMID: 27621700 PMCID: PMC5002430 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are pervasive neurodevelopmental disorders entailing social and cognitive deficits, including marked problems with language. Numerous genes have been associated with ASD, but it is unclear how language deficits arise from gene mutation or dysregulation. It is also unclear why ASD shows such high prevalence within human populations. Interestingly, the emergence of a modern faculty of language has been hypothesized to be linked to changes in the human brain/skull, but also to the process of self-domestication of the human species. It is our intention to show that people with ASD exhibit less marked domesticated traits at the morphological, physiological, and behavioral levels. We also discuss many ASD candidates represented among the genes known to be involved in the “domestication syndrome” (the constellation of traits exhibited by domesticated mammals, which seemingly results from the hypofunction of the neural crest) and among the set of genes involved in language function closely connected to them. Moreover, many of these genes show altered expression profiles in the brain of autists. In addition, some candidates for domestication and language-readiness show the same expression profile in people with ASD and chimps in different brain areas involved in language processing. Similarities regarding the brain oscillatory behavior of these areas can be expected too. We conclude that ASD may represent an abnormal ontogenetic itinerary for the human faculty of language resulting in part from changes in genes important for the “domestication syndrome” and, ultimately, from the normal functioning of the neural crest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wanda Lattanzi
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Rome, Italy
| | - Elliot Murphy
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London London, UK
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30
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Cyr P, Bronner SM, Crawford JJ. Recent progress on nuclear receptor RORγ modulators. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4387-4393. [PMID: 27542308 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor RORγ plays key roles in the development and differentiation of TH17 cells, and thus in IL-17 expression, thymocyte development and regulation of metabolism. With the recent progression into phase 2 clinical trials of both oral and topically administered inverse agonists, and with others close behind, there is significant interest in the discovery of RORγ modulators. This digest covers key developments around RORγ agonists, antagonists and inverse agonists; orthosteric and allosteric binders; and aims to summarize the available information concerning the potential utility of RORγ modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Cyr
- Discovery Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Sarah M Bronner
- Discovery Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - James J Crawford
- Discovery Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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