1
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Chen X, Yan Y, Liu Z, Yang S, Li W, Wang Z, Wang M, Guo J, Li Z, Zhu W, Yang J, Yin J, Dai Q, Li Y, Wang C, Zhao L, Yang X, Guo X, Leng L, Xu J, Obukhov AG, Cao R, Zhong W. In vitro and in vivo inhibition of the host TRPC4 channel attenuates Zika virus infection. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:1817-1839. [PMID: 39009885 PMCID: PMC11319825 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00103-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection may lead to severe neurological consequences, including seizures, and early infancy death. However, the involved mechanisms are still largely unknown. TRPC channels play an important role in regulating nervous system excitability and are implicated in seizure development. We investigated whether TRPCs might be involved in the pathogenesis of ZIKV infection. We found that ZIKV infection increases TRPC4 expression in host cells via the interaction between the ZIKV-NS3 protein and CaMKII, enhancing TRPC4-mediated calcium influx. Pharmacological inhibition of CaMKII decreased both pCREB and TRPC4 protein levels, whereas the suppression of either TRPC4 or CaMKII improved the survival rate of ZIKV-infected cells and reduced viral protein production, likely by impeding the replication phase of the viral life cycle. TRPC4 or CaMKII inhibitors also reduced seizures and increased the survival of ZIKV-infected neonatal mice and blocked the spread of ZIKV in brain organoids derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells. These findings suggest that targeting CaMKII or TRPC4 may offer a promising approach for developing novel anti-ZIKV therapies, capable of preventing ZIKV-associated seizures and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjuan Chen
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yunzheng Yan
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaokang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuang Wang
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Juan Guo
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhenyang Li
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyan Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jiye Yin
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Qingsong Dai
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuexiang Li
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Cui Wang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotong Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojia Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxi Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 710061, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Alexander G Obukhov
- The Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Ruiyuan Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China.
| | - Wu Zhong
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China.
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2
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Trienes S, Xu J, Ackermann L. Photoinduced C-H arylation of 1,3-azoles via copper/photoredox dual catalysis. Chem Sci 2024; 15:7293-7299. [PMID: 38756807 PMCID: PMC11095366 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00393d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The visible light-induced C-H arylation of azoles has been accomplished by dual-catalytic system with the aid of an inexpensive ligand-free copper(i)-catalyst in combination with a suitable photoredox catalyst. An organic photoredox catalyst, 10-phenylphenothiazine (PTH), was identified as effective, cost-efficient and environmentally-benign alternative to commonly-used, expensive Ir(iii)-based complexes. The method proved applicable for the C-H arylation of various azole derivatives, including oxazoles, benzoxazoles, thiazoles, benzothiazoles as well as more challenging imidazoles and benzimidazoles. Moreover, the derivatization of complex molecules and the gram scale synthesis of the natural product balsoxin reflected the synthetic utility of the developed strategy. Mechanistic studies were indicative of a single electron transfer-based (SET) mechanism with an aryl radical as key intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Trienes
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Potsdamer Straße 58 10875 Berlin Germany
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Potsdamer Straße 58 10875 Berlin Germany
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3
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Martí MM, Castanha PMS, Barratt-Boyes SM. The Dynamic Relationship between Dengue Virus and the Human Cutaneous Innate Immune Response. Viruses 2024; 16:727. [PMID: 38793609 PMCID: PMC11125669 DOI: 10.3390/v16050727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is a continuing global threat that puts half of the world's population at risk for infection. This mosquito-transmitted virus is endemic in over 100 countries. When a mosquito takes a bloodmeal, virus is deposited into the epidermal and dermal layers of human skin, infecting a variety of permissive cells, including keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, macrophages, dermal dendritic cells, fibroblasts, and mast cells. In response to infection, the skin deploys an array of defense mechanisms to inhibit viral replication and prevent dissemination. Antimicrobial peptides, pattern recognition receptors, and cytokines induce a signaling cascade to increase transcription and translation of pro-inflammatory and antiviral genes. Paradoxically, this inflammatory environment recruits skin-resident mononuclear cells that become infected and migrate out of the skin, spreading virus throughout the host. The details of the viral-host interactions in the cutaneous microenvironment remain unclear, partly due to the limited body of research focusing on DENV in human skin. This review will summarize the functional role of human skin, the cutaneous innate immune response to DENV, the contribution of the arthropod vector, and the models used to study DENV interactions in the cutaneous environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M. Martí
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (M.M.M.); (P.M.S.C.)
| | - Priscila M. S. Castanha
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (M.M.M.); (P.M.S.C.)
- Faculdade de Ciệncias Médicas, Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife 52171-011, Brazil
| | - Simon M. Barratt-Boyes
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (M.M.M.); (P.M.S.C.)
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4
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Khan A, Riaz R, Nadeem A, Amir A, Siddiqui T, Batool UEA, Raufi N. Japanese encephlu emergence in Australia: the potential population at risk. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:1540-1549. [PMID: 38463109 PMCID: PMC10923274 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), an RNA virus transmitted by Culex mosquitoes, primarily cycles between aquatic birds and mosquitoes with pigs as amplifying hosts, posing a significant global encephalitis threat. The emergence and spread of the JEV in new epidemiological regions, such as recent cases in Australia and nonendemic areas like Pune, India, raise significant concerns. With an estimated 68 000 clinical cases and 13 600 to 20 400 deaths annually, JEV poses a substantial global health threat. The virus primarily affects children, with a case-fatality ratio of 20-30% and long-term neurological sequelae in survivors. The changing epidemiology, influenced by factors like bird migration, climate change, and increased urbanization, contributes to the geographic expansion of JEV. The recent outbreaks underscore the potential for the virus to establish itself in nonendemic regions, posing a threat to populations previously considered at low-risk. With limited treatment options and high rates of neurological complications, continued surveillance, traveler vaccination, and research into treatments are crucial to mitigate the impact of JEV on human health. The evolving scenario necessitates proactive measures to prevent and control the spread of the virus in both endemic and newly affected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsheen Khan
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rumaisa Riaz
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Nadeem
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Amir
- Department of Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation
| | - Tasmiyah Siddiqui
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Um e A. Batool
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nahid Raufi
- Department of Medicine, Kabul Medical University, Afghanistan
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5
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Yin C, Yang P, Xiao Q, Sun P, Zhang X, Zhao J, Hu X, Shan C. Novel antiviral discoveries for Japanese encephalitis virus infections through reporter virus-based high-throughput screening. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29382. [PMID: 38235833 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis (JE) caused by JE virus (JEV), remains a global public health concern. Currently, there is no specific antiviral drug approved for the treatment of JE. While vaccines are available for prevention, they may not cover all at-risk populations. This underscores the urgent need for prophylaxis and potent anti-JEV drugs. In this context, a high-content JEV reporter system expressing Nanoluciferase (Nluc) was developed and utilized for a high-throughput screening (HTS) of a commercial antiviral library to identify potential JEV drug candidates. Remarkably, this screening process led to the discovery of five drugs with outstanding antiviral activity. Further mechanism of action analysis revealed that cepharanthine, an old clinically approved drug, directly inhibited virus replication by blocking GTP binding to the JEV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Additionally, treatment with cepharanthine in mice models alleviated JEV infection. These findings warrant further investigation into the potential anti-JEV activity of cepharanthine as a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of JEV infection. The HTS method employed here proves to be an accurate and convenient approach that facilitates the rapid development of antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Peipei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingcui Xiao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuekai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China
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6
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Chen X, Yan Y, Song H, Wang Z, Wang A, Yang J, Zhou R, Xu S, Yang S, Li W, Qin X, Dai Q, Liu M, Lv K, Cao R, Zhong W. Investigation of novel 5'-amino adenosine derivatives with potential anti-Zika virus activity. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 261:115852. [PMID: 37801825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The Zika virus (ZIKV) infections remains a global health threat. However, no approved drug for treating ZIKV infection. We previously found TZY12-9, a 5'-amino NI analog, that showed anti-ZIKV activity without chemical phosphorylation. Here, a series of 5'-amino NI analogs were synthesized and evaluated. The compound XSJ2-46 exhibited potent in vitro activity without requiring chemical phosphorylation, favorable pharmacokinetic and acute toxicity profiles. Preliminary mechanisms of anti-ZIKV activity of XSJ2-46 were investigated via a series of ZIKV non-structural protein inhibition assays and host cell RNA-seq. XSJ2-46 acted at the replication stage of viral infection cycle, and exhibited reasonable inhibition of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRp) with an IC50 value of 8.78 μM, while not affecting MTase. RNA-seq analysis also revealed differential expression genes involved in cytokine and cytokine receptor pathway in ZIKV-infected U87 cells treated with XSJ2-46. Importantly, treatment with XSJ2-46 (10 mg/kg/day) significantly enhanced survival protection (70% survival) in ZIKV-infected ICR mice. Additionally, XSJ2-46 administration resulted in a significant decrease in serum levels of ZIKV viral RNA in the IFNα/β receptor-deficient (Ifnar-/-) A129 mouse model. Therefore, the remarkable in vitro and in vivo anti-ZIKV activity of compound XSJ2-46 highlights the promising research direction of utilizing the 5'-amino NI structure skeleton for developing antiviral NIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjuan Chen
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710072, China; National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yunzheng Yan
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Huijuan Song
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhuang Wang
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710072, China; National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Apeng Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Song Li' Academician Workstation of Hainan University (School of Pharmaceutical Sciences), Sanya, Hainan, 572000, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shijie Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shaokang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wei Li
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xiaoyu Qin
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qingsong Dai
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Mingliang Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Kai Lv
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Ruiyuan Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Wu Zhong
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China.
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7
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Chen N, Bai T, Wang S, Wang H, Wu Y, Liu Y, Zhu Z. New Insights into the Role and Therapeutic Potential of Heat Shock Protein 70 in Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1473. [PMID: 37374975 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), a positive-strand RNA virus of the genus Pestivirus in the Flaviviridae family, is the causative agent of bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease (BVD-MD). BVDV's unique virion structure, genome, and replication mechanism in the Flaviviridae family render it a useful alternative model for evaluating the effectiveness of antiviral drugs used against the hepatitis C virus (HCV). As one of the most abundant and typical heat shock proteins, HSP70 plays an important role in viral infection caused by the family Flaviviridae and is considered a logical target of viral regulation in the context of immune escape. However, the mechanism of HSP70 in BVDV infection and the latest insights have not been reported in sufficient detail. In this review, we focus on the role and mechanisms of HSP70 in BVDV-infected animals/cells to further explore the possibility of targeting this protein for antiviral therapy during viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Tongtong Bai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Zhanbo Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing 163319, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Daqing 163319, China
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8
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Karim M, Lo CW, Einav S. Preparing for the next viral threat with broad-spectrum antivirals. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e170236. [PMID: 37259914 PMCID: PMC10232003 DOI: 10.1172/jci170236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a large global unmet need for the development of countermeasures to combat hundreds of viruses known to cause human disease and for the establishment of a therapeutic portfolio for future pandemic preparedness. Most approved antiviral therapeutics target proteins encoded by a single virus, providing a narrow spectrum of coverage. This, combined with the slow pace and high cost of drug development, limits the scalability of this direct-acting antiviral (DAA) approach. Here, we summarize progress and challenges in the development of broad-spectrum antivirals that target either viral elements (proteins, genome structures, and lipid envelopes) or cellular proviral factors co-opted by multiple viruses via newly discovered compounds or repurposing of approved drugs. These strategies offer new means for developing therapeutics against both existing and emerging viral threats that complement DAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwah Karim
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Chieh-Wen Lo
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Shirit Einav
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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9
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Srivastava KS, Jeswani V, Pal N, Bohra B, Vishwakarma V, Bapat AA, Patnaik YP, Khanna N, Shukla R. Japanese Encephalitis Virus: An Update on the Potential Antivirals and Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11040742. [PMID: 37112654 PMCID: PMC10146181 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the causal agent behind Japanese encephalitis (JE), a potentially severe brain infection that spreads through mosquito bites. JE is predominant over the Asia-Pacific Region and has the potential to spread globally with a higher rate of morbidity and mortality. Efforts have been made to identify and select various target molecules essential in JEV’s progression, but until now, no licensed anti-JEV drug has been available. From a prophylactic point of view, a few licensed JE vaccines are available, but various factors, viz., the high cost and different side effects imposed by them, has narrowed their global use. With an average occurrence of >67,000 cases of JE annually, there is an urgent need to find a suitable antiviral drug to treat patients at the acute phase, as presently only supportive care is available to mitigate infection. This systematic review highlights the current status of efforts put in to develop antivirals against JE and the available vaccines, along with their effectiveness. It also summarizes epidemiology, structure, pathogenesis, and potential drug targets that can be explored to develop a new range of anti-JEV drugs to combat JEV infection globally.
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10
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Molecular Mechanism and Role of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection in Central Nervous System-Mediated Diseases. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122686. [PMID: 36560690 PMCID: PMC9781168 DOI: 10.3390/v14122686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the most common cause of neurodegenerative disease in Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific region; approximately 1.15 billion people are at risk, and thousands suffer from permanent neurological disorders across Asian countries, with 10-15 thousand people dying each year. JEV crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and forms a complex with receptors on the surface of neurons. GRP78, Src, TLR7, caveolin-1, and dopamine receptor D2 are involved in JEV binding and entry into the neurons, and these receptors also play a role in carcinogenic activity in cells. JEV binds to GRP78, a member of the HSP70 overexpressed on malignant cells to enter neurons, indicating a higher chance of JEV infection in cancer patients. However, JEV enters human brain microvascular endothelial cells via an endocytic pathway mediated by caveolae and the ezrin protein and also targets dopamine-rich areas for infection of the midbrain via altering dopamine levels. In addition, JEV complexed with CLEC5A receptor of macrophage cells is involved in the breakdown of the BBB and central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. CLEC5A-mediated infection is also responsible for the influx of cytokines into the CNS. In this review, we discuss the neuronal and macrophage surface receptors involved in neuronal death.
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11
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Li X, Li Y, Fan S, Cao R, Li X, He X, Li W, Xu L, Cheng T, Li H, Zhong W. Discovery and Optimization of Quinoline Analogues as Novel Potent Antivirals against Enterovirus D68. J Med Chem 2022; 65:14792-14808. [PMID: 36254462 PMCID: PMC9661475 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68)
is a nonpolio enterovirus that is mainly
transmitted through respiratory routes and poses a potential threat
for large-scale spread. EV-D68 infections mostly cause moderate to
severe respiratory diseases in children and potentially induce neurological
diseases. However, there are no specific antiviral drugs or vaccines
against EV-D68. Herein, through virtual screening and rational design,
a series of novel quinoline analogues as anti-EV-D68 agents targeting
VP1 were identified. Particularly, 19 exhibited potent
antiviral activity with an EC50 value ranging from 0.05
to 0.10 μM against various EV-D68 strains and showed inhibition
of viral replication verified by Western blot, immunofluorescence,
and plaque formation assay. Mechanistic studies indicated that the
anti-EV-D68 agents work mainly by interacting with VP1. The acceptable
bioavailability of 23.9% in rats and significant metabolic stability
in human liver microsome (Clint = 10.8 mL/min/kg, t1/2 = 148 min) indicated that compound 19 with a novel scaffold was worth further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Li
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Yuexiang Li
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Shiyong Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Ruiyuan Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojia Li
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomeng He
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Longfa Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P.R. China
| | - Tong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P.R. China
| | - Honglin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Wu Zhong
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
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12
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Du S, Liu Y, Yuan Y, Wang Y, Chen Y, Wang S, Chi Y. Advances in the study of HSP70 inhibitors to enhance the sensitivity of tumor cells to radiotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:942828. [PMID: 36036010 PMCID: PMC9399644 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.942828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) is one of the most conserved proteins and a ubiquitous molecular chaperone that plays a role in the folding, remodeling, and degradation of various proteins to maintain proteostasis. It has been shown that HSP70 is abundantly expressed in cancer and enhances tumor resistance to radiotherapy by inhibiting multiple apoptotic pathways, such as interfering with the cellular senescence program, promoting angiogenesis, and supporting metastasis. Thus, HSP70 provides an effective target for enhancing the effects of radiation therapy in the clinical management of cancer patients. Inhibition of HSP70 enhances the radiation-induced tumor-killing effect and thus improves the efficacy of radiotherapy. This article reviews the sensitivity of Hsp70 and its related inhibitors to radiotherapy of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Du
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yuran Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yanfang Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Shuai Wang, ; Yuhua Chi,
| | - Yuhua Chi
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Shuai Wang, ; Yuhua Chi,
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13
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Geng F, Wu S, Gan X, Hou W, Dong J, Zhou Y. TEMPO mediated oxidative annulation of aryl methyl ketones with amines/ammonium acetate for imidazole synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:5416-5422. [PMID: 35748805 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00828a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile synthesis of 1H-imidazoles by direct oxidative annulation of aryl methyl ketones and primary amines has been developed in the presence of TEMPO under weakly acidic conditions. By replacing amines with ammonium acetate, 2H-imidazole skeletons were achieved for the first time from ketones. Substrates containing various functional groups, such as alkyl, aryl, naphthyl, halogen (F, Cl, Br, I), nitro, trifluoromethyl, sulfonyl ester, furyl, thienyl, and pyridyl groups, were readily transformed into the desired products. The application potential of this method was verified by the scale-up synthesis and Sonogashira coupling functionalization of imidazoles. Mechanistically, the α-TEMPO-enamine adduct may serve as the key reaction intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Geng
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China. .,School of Physics and Chemistry, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 410205, China.
| | - Shaofeng Wu
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Xinyang Gan
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Wenjuan Hou
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Jianyu Dong
- School of Physics and Chemistry, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 410205, China.
| | - Yongbo Zhou
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
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14
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Wang Z, Yan Y, Dai Q, Xu Y, Yin J, Li W, Li Y, Yang X, Guo X, Liu M, Chen X, Cao R, Zhong W. Azelnidipine Exhibits In Vitro and In Vivo Antiviral Effects against Flavivirus Infections by Targeting the Viral RdRp. Viruses 2022; 14:v14061228. [PMID: 35746699 PMCID: PMC9230735 DOI: 10.3390/v14061228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Flaviviruses, represented by Zika and dengue virus (ZIKV and DENV), are widely present around the world and cause various diseases with serious consequences. However, no antiviral drugs have been clinically approved for use against them. Azelnidipine (ALP) is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker and has been approved for use as an antihypertensive drug. In the present study, ALP was found to show potent anti-flavivirus activities in vitro and in vivo. ALP effectively prevented the cytopathic effect induced by ZIKV and DENV and inhibited the production of viral RNA and viral protein in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, treatment with 0.3 mg/kg of ALP protected 88.89% of mice from lethal challenge. Furthermore, using the time-of-drug-addition assay, the enzymatic inhibition assay, the molecular docking, and the surface plasmon resonance assay, we revealed that ALP acted at the replication stage of the viral infection cycle by targeting the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. These findings highlight the potential for the use of ALP as an antiviral agent to combat flavivirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Wang
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China;
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (X.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Yunzheng Yan
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (X.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Qingsong Dai
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (X.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Yijie Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (X.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Jiye Yin
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (X.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Wei Li
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (X.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Yuexiang Li
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (X.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Xiaotong Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (X.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Xiaojia Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (X.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (X.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Xingjuan Chen
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China;
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (X.G.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (R.C.); (W.Z.)
| | - Ruiyuan Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (X.G.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (R.C.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wu Zhong
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (X.G.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (R.C.); (W.Z.)
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15
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Latorre V, Geller R. Identification of Cytoplasmic Chaperone Networks Relevant for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Replication. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:880394. [PMID: 35615506 PMCID: PMC9125393 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.880394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA viruses have limited coding capacity and must therefore successfully subvert cellular processes to facilitate their replication. A fundamental challenge faced by both viruses and their hosts is the ability to achieve the correct folding and assembly of their proteome while avoiding misfolding and aggregation. In cells, this process is facilitated by numerous chaperone systems together with a large number of co-chaperones. In this work, we set out to define the chaperones and co-chaperones involved in the replication of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Using an RNAi screen, we identify multiple members of cellular protein folding networks whose knockdown alters RSV replication. The reduced number of chaperones and co-chaperones identified in this work can facilitate the unmasking of specific chaperone subnetworks required for distinct steps of the RSV life cycle and identifies new potential targets for antiviral therapy. Indeed, we show that the pharmacological inhibition of one of the genes identified in the RNAi screen, valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97), can impede the replication of RSV by interfering with the infection cycle at multiple steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Latorre
- Viral Biology Group, Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Spain
| | - Ron Geller
- Viral Biology Group, Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Spain
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16
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Yan Y, Yang J, Xiao D, Yin J, Song M, Xu Y, Zhao L, Dai Q, Li Y, Wang C, Wang Z, Ren X, Yang X, Ni J, Liu M, Guo X, Li W, Chen X, Liu Z, Cao R, Zhong W. Nafamostat mesylate as a broad-spectrum candidate for the treatment of flavivirus infections by targeting envelope proteins. Antiviral Res 2022; 202:105325. [PMID: 35460703 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Epidemics caused by flaviviruses occur globally; however, no antiviral drugs treating flaviviruses infections have yet been developed. Nafamostat (NM) is a protease inhibitor approved for pancreatitis and anti-coagulation. The anti-flavivirus potential of NM has yet to be determined. Here, utilizing in vitro and in vivo infection assays, we present that NM effectively inhibits Zika virus (ZIKV) and other flaviviruses in vitro. NM inhibited the production of ZIKV viral RNA and proteins originating from Asia and African lineage in human-, mouse- and monkey-derived cell lines and the in vivo anti-ZIKV efficacy of NM was verified. Mode-of-action analysis using time-of-drug-addition assay, infectivity inhibition assay, surface plasmon resonance assay, and molecular docking revealed that NM interacted with viral particles and blocked the early stage of infection by targeting the domain III of ZIKV envelope protein. Analysing the anti-flavivirus effects of NM-related compounds suggested that the antiviral effect depended on the unique structure of NM. These findings suggest the potential use of NM as an anti-flavivirus candidate, and a novel drug design approach targeting the flavivirus envelope protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzheng Yan
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Dian Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jiye Yin
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Mengwen Song
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yijie Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Qingsong Dai
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yuexiang Li
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Cui Wang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhuang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China; Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ren
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xiaotong Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jie Ni
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xiaojia Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wei Li
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xingjuan Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China; Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ruiyuan Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Wu Zhong
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China.
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17
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Jia J, Liu G, Zhong J, Yan R, Song X, Zheng K, Ren Z, He Z, Zhu Q. Heat Shock Protein A6 Is Especially Involved in Enterovirus 71 Infection. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:865644. [PMID: 35308396 PMCID: PMC8931677 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.865644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) caused by Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection is still a major infectious disease threatening children’s life and health in the absence of effective antiviral drugs due to its high prevalence and neurovirulence. A study of EV71-specific host response might shed some light on the reason behind its unique epidemiologic features and help to find means to conquer EV71 infection. We reported that host heat shock protein A6 (HSPA6) was induced by EV71 infection and involved infection in both Rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells and neurogliocytes. Most importantly, we found that EV71 did not induce the expression of other heat shock proteins HSPA1, HSPA8, and HSPB1 under the same conditions, and other HFMD-associated viruses including CVA16, CVA6, CVA10, and CVB1-3 did not induce the upregulation of HSPA6. In addition, EV71 infection enhanced the cytoplasmic aggregation of HSPA6 and its colocalization with viral capsid protein VP1. These findings suggest that HSPA6 is a potential EV71-specific host factor worthy of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyan Jia
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ge Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ran Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xun Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhe Ren
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhendan He
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Zhendan He,
| | - Qinchang Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Qinchang Zhu,
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18
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Antiviral drug research for Japanese encephalitis: an updated review. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:273-296. [PMID: 35182390 PMCID: PMC8964565 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00355-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis (JE) caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is one of Asia's most common viral encephalitis. JEV is a flavivirus, common in rural and sub-urban regions of Asian countries. Although only 1% of JEV-infected individuals develop JE, there is a 20-30% chance of death among these individuals and possible neurological sequelae post-infection. No licensed anti-JE drugs are currently available, despite extensive efforts to develop them. Literature search was performed using databases such as PubMed Central, Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library, etc. using keywords such as Japanese encephalitis virus, antiviral drugs, antiviral drug screening, antiviral drug targets, etc. From around 230 papers/abstracts and research reviews retrieved and reviewed for this study, approximately 180 most relevant and important ones have been cited. Different approaches in drug testing and various antiviral drug targets explored so far have been thoroughly searched from the literature and compiled, besides addressing the future perspectives of the antiviral drug development strategies. Although the development of effective anti-JE drugs is an urgent issue, only supportive care is currently available. Recent advancements in understanding the biology of infection and new drug targets have been promising improvements. Despite hindrances such as the unavailability of a proper drug delivery system or a treatment regimen irrespective of the stage of infection, several promising anti-JE candidate molecules are in different phases of clinical trials. Nonetheless, efficient therapy against JEV is expected to be achieved with drug combinations and a highly targeted drug delivery system soon.
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19
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Zhao C, Gu MZ, Chen YY, Hu XW, Xu YB, Lin XM, Liu XN, Chen L, Chen GS, Liu YL. Catalytic divergent synthesis of imidazoles via reaction condition-dependent [3 + 2] cyclization of TosMIC. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:8623-8627. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01747d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A base-catalyzed divergent synthesis of 1,4,5-trisubstituted or 1,4-disubstituted imidazoles through TosMIC-based [3 + 2] cyclization reaction has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 51000, China
| | - Man-Zhen Gu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 51000, China
| | - Yi-Yuan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 51000, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 51000, China
| | - Yi-Bing Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 51000, China
| | - Xiao-Min Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 51000, China
| | - Xin-Ni Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 51000, China
| | - Long Chen
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610016, China
| | - Guo-Shu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 51000, China
| | - Yun-Lin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 51000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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20
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Yang J, Yan Y, Dai Q, Yin J, Zhao L, Li Y, Li W, Zhong W, Cao R, Li S. Tilorone confers robust in vitro and in vivo antiviral effects against severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus. Virol Sin 2022; 37:145-148. [PMID: 35234618 PMCID: PMC8922426 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2022.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tilorone dihydrochloride possesses robust anti-SFTSV activity in vitro and in vivo. Intraperitoneal administration of tilorone leads to protection against intracranial lethal challenge of SFTSV. The anti-SFTSV mechanism of tilorone is through stimulation of host innate immunity. Pre-treatment with tilorone can prevent mice from lethal SFTSV challenge.
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21
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Ultrafine Jujube Powder Enhances the Infiltration of Immune Cells during Anti-PD-L1 Treatment against Murine Colon Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13163987. [PMID: 34439144 PMCID: PMC8394940 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary While modulating gut microbiota using dietary intervention with natural nutrients has proven to be effective in improving the response rate of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the underpinning mechanism is poorly understood. This work demonstrates that the oral administration of ultrafine jujube powder (JP) let to a significant alteration of gut microbiota, an increased abundance of Clostridiales, including Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, an elevated SCFA production, an intensified infiltration of CD8+ T cells to the tumor microenvironment, and a greatly improved response of anti-PD-L1 treatment against murine colon adenocarcinoma. Moreover, the size of the JP particles had a significant impact on the abovementioned attributes. The present study demonstrates that dietary intervention with nutrients is highly effective in modulating the gut microbiota for an improved immune checkpoint blockage therapy. Abstract Whereas dietary intervention with natural nutrients plays an important role in activating the immune response and holds unprecedented application potential, the underpinning mechanism is poorly understood. The present work was dedicated to comprehensively examine the effects of ultrafine jujube powder (JP) on the gut microbiota and, consequentially, the effects associated with the response rate to anti-PD-L1 treatment against murine colon adenocarcinoma. A murine colon adenocarcinoma model with anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy was established to evaluate how dietary interventions affect the microbiota. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed the role of SCFAs in the immune response. Oral administration of JP greatly improves the response of anti-PD-L1 treatment against murine colon adenocarcinoma. Such an improvement is associated with the alteration of gut microbiota which leads to an increased abundance of Clostridiales, including Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, an elevated SCFA production, and an intensified infiltration of CD8+ T cells to the tumor microenvironment. This work demonstrates that JP is particularly effective in modulating the gut microbiota for an improved immune checkpoint blockage therapy by boosting cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. The experimental findings of the present study are helpful for the development of dietary intervention methods for cancer immunotherapy using natural nutrients.
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22
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Liu Z, Zheng W, Liu Y, Zhou B, Zhang Y, Wang F. Targeting HSPA8 inhibits proliferation via downregulating BCR-ABL and enhances chemosensitivity in imatinib-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Exp Cell Res 2021; 405:112708. [PMID: 34157313 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors is currently a major problem for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment and HSPA8 is highly expressed and a hallmark of poor prognosis in several human cancers. However, its role in imatinib-resistant CML (IR-CML) cells remains undetermined. Here, we determined HSPA8 was overexpressed in IR-CML cells and associated with imatinib resistance. HSPA8 ablation could downregulate BCR-ABL/STAT5 and BCR-ABL/AKT signaling pathways, dramatically induce proliferation inhibition, autophagy, G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest but not apoptosis in IR-CML cells. Significantly, HSPA8 ablation enhanced the antitumor activity of imatinib via promoting apoptosis in vitro and vivo. These findings unraveled that HSPA8 ablation inhibits proliferation via downregulating BCR-ABL and enhances chemosensitivity of imatinib in IR-CML cells, which investigate the role and molecular mechanism of HSPA8 in IR-CML cells and suggest that HSPA8 may be a potential target for IR-CML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Wenlong Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Binghe Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, PR China
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23
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Ambrose AJ, Chapman E. Function, Therapeutic Potential, and Inhibition of Hsp70 Chaperones. J Med Chem 2021; 64:7060-7082. [PMID: 34009983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hsp70s are among the most highly conserved proteins in all of biology. Through an iterative binding and release of exposed hydrophobic residues on client proteins, Hsp70s can prevent aggregation and promote folding to the native state of their client proteins. The human proteome contains eight canonical Hsp70s. Because Hsp70s are relatively promiscuous they play a role in folding a large proportion of the proteome. Hsp70s are implicated in disease through their ability to regulate protein homeostasis. In recent years, researchers have attempted to develop selective inhibitors of Hsp70 isoforms to better understand the role of individual isoforms in biology and as potential therapeutics. Selective inhibitors have come from rational design, forced localization, and serendipity, but the development of completely selective inhibitors remains elusive. In the present review, we discuss the Hsp70 structure and function, the known Hsp70 client proteins, the role of Hsp70s in disease, and current efforts to discover Hsp70 modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Ambrose
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Eli Chapman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 East Mabel Street, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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24
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Small-molecule endoplasmic reticulum proteostasis regulator acts as a broad-spectrum inhibitor of dengue and Zika virus infections. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2012209118. [PMID: 33441483 PMCID: PMC7826409 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2012209118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Flaviviruses, including dengue and Zika, are widespread human pathogens; however, no broadly active therapeutics exist to fight infection. Recently, remodeling of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteostasis by pharmacologic regulators, such as compound 147, was shown to correct pathologic ER imbalances associated with protein misfolding diseases. Here, we establish an additional activity of compound 147 as an effective host-centered antiviral agent against flaviviruses. Compound 147 reduces infection by attenuating the infectivity of secreted virions without causing toxicity in host cells. Compound 147 is a preferential activator of the ATF6 pathway of the ER unfolded protein response, which requires targeting of cysteine residues primarily on protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs). We find that the antiviral activity of 147 is independent of ATF6 induction but does require modification of reactive thiols on protein targets. Targeting PDIs and additional non-PDI targets using RNAi and other small-molecule inhibitors was unable to recapitulate the antiviral effects, suggesting a unique polypharmacology may mediate the activity. Importantly, 147 can impair infection of multiple strains of dengue and Zika virus, indicating that it is suitable as a broad-spectrum antiviral agent.
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25
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Felicetti T, Manfroni G, Cecchetti V, Cannalire R. Broad-Spectrum Flavivirus Inhibitors: a Medicinal Chemistry Point of View. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:2391-2419. [PMID: 32961008 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Infections by flaviviruses, such as Dengue, West Nile, Yellow Fever and Zika viruses, represent a growing risk for global health. There are vaccines only for few flaviviruses while no effective treatments are available. Flaviviruses share epidemiological, structural, and ecologic features and often different viruses can co-infect the same host. Therefore, the identification of broad-spectrum inhibitors is highly desirable either for known flaviviruses or for viruses that likely will emerge in the future. Strategies targeting both virus and host factors have been pursued to identify broad-spectrum antiflaviviral agents. In this review, we describe the most promising and best characterized targets and their relative broad-spectrum inhibitors, identified by drug repurposing/libraries screenings and by focused medicinal chemistry campaigns. Finally, we discuss about future strategies to identify new broad-spectrum antiflavivirus agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Felicetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, via del Liceo 1, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Manfroni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, via del Liceo 1, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Violetta Cecchetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, via del Liceo 1, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rolando Cannalire
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli "Federico II", via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
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26
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Guo M, Ye L, Yu T, Han L, Li Q, Lou P, Gan T, Jin X, Xiao H, Meng G, Zhong J, Xu Y. IL-1β Enhances the Antiviral Effect of IFN-α on HCV Replication by Negatively Modulating ERK2 Activation. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:1708-1718. [PMID: 32420725 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C infection is a leading cause of liver cirrhosis, which is linked to chronic hepatic inflammation. While there are multiple studies detailing the proinflammatory role of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in HCV-induced inflammasome signaling, the antiviral capacity of this cytokine has not been adequately investigated in the context of HCV infection or other members of Flaviridae. Our data indicated that IL-1β alone does not inhibit HCV replication, yet when in combination with IFN-α, it can boost the anti-HCV activity of IFN-α, which is mediated by augmented STAT1 tyrosine 701 phosphorylation. Through signaling inhibitor screening, we found that ERK2 kinase is directly linked to the enhanced activation of the STAT1 complex. Our study found that IL-1β negatively affects ERK2 phosphorylation, which suggests that IL-1β-mediated STAT1 tyrosine 701 phosphorylation employed kinase machinery of ERK2 other than JNK or P38 kinase. Our results identify IL-1β as a proinflammatory cytokine possessing wide spectrum synergistic antiviral capability via enhancing IFN-α-induced interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) expression. A more nuanced understanding of the antiviral mechanisms of this important cytokine could facilitate the development of new therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhe Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liqing Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tao Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingchao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Peilan Lou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianyu Gan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | - Hui Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guangxun Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jin Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongfen Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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27
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Qi Y, Han L, Qi Y, Jin X, Zhang B, Niu J, Zhong J, Xu Y. Anti-flavivirus activity of polyoxometalate. Antiviral Res 2020; 179:104813. [PMID: 32376449 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Viruses in the Flaviviridae family such as Zika virus (ZIKV), dengue virus (DENV), and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) are major public health concerns. The development of antiviral agents against these viruses is urgently needed. We have previously discovered that the Keggin structured polyoxometalate POM-12 has potent inhibitory activity against hepatitis C virus, another member of the Flaviviridae family. In this study, we tested its antiviral activity of DENV, JEV and ZIKV, and found that POM-12 dramatically inhibited their infection with IC50 value of 1.16 μM, 1.9 μM and 0.64 μM, respectively. Mechanistic studies indicated that POM-12 directly disrupted the integrity of these virions. Moreover, POM-12 also targeted the post-entry steps of viral replication of JEV, but having no similar activities on ZIKV and DENV. The differential actions of POM-12 on these viruses suggest that surface topology and charge of virion may have influence on its drug effect, and thus POM-12 may be modified to more efficiently inhibit these and other similar viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qi
- Department of Hepatology, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
| | - Lin Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yanfei Qi
- Department of Hepatology, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China; School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Xia Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Junqi Niu
- Department of Hepatology, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Jin Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yongfen Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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