1
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Haudum S, Strasser P, Teasdale I. Phosphorus and Silicon-Based Macromolecules as Degradable Biomedical Polymers. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300127. [PMID: 37326117 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic polymers are indispensable in biomedical applications because they can be fabricated with consistent and reproducible properties, facile scalability, and customizable functionality to perform diverse tasks. However, currently available synthetic polymers have limitations, most notably when timely biodegradation is required. Despite there being, in principle, an entire periodic table to choose from, with the obvious exception of silicones, nearly all known synthetic polymers are combinations of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen in the main chain. Expanding this to main-group heteroatoms can open the way to novel material properties. Herein the authors report on research to incorporate the chemically versatile and abundant silicon and phosphorus into polymers to induce cleavability into the polymer main chain. Less stable polymers, which degrade in a timely manner in mild biological environments, have considerable potential in biomedical applications. Herein the basic chemistry behind these materials is described and some recent studies into their medical applications are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Haudum
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Paul Strasser
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Ian Teasdale
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
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2
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Zheng Q, Chai L, Du B, Li W, Fu LH, Chen X. A pH-Sensitive Lignin-Based Material for Sustained Release of 8-Hydroxyquinoline. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081867. [PMID: 37112014 PMCID: PMC10142775 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The fabrication of pH-sensitive lignin-based materials has received considerable attention in various fields, such as biomass refining, pharmaceuticals, and detecting techniques. However, the pH-sensitive mechanism of these materials is usually depending on the hydroxyl or carboxyl content in the lignin structure, which hinders the further development of these smart materials. Here, a pH-sensitive lignin-based polymer with a novel pH-sensitive mechanism was constructed by establishing ester bonds between lignin and the active molecular 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ). The structure of the produced pH-sensitive lignin-based polymer was comprehensively characterized. The substituted degree of 8HQ was tested up to 46.6% sensitivity, and the sustained release performance of 8HQ was confirmed by the dialysis method, the sensitivity of which was found to be 60 times slower compared with the physical mixed sample. Moreover, the obtained pH-sensitive lignin-based polymer showed an excellent pH sensitivity, and the released amount of 8HQ under an alkaline condition (pH = 8) was obviously higher than that under an acidic condition (pH = 3 and 5). This work provides a new paradigm for the high-value utilization of lignin and a theory guidance for the fabrication of novel pH-sensitive lignin-based polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zheng
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Lanfang Chai
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Boyu Du
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Wei Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Lian-Hua Fu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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3
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Xu J, Hadjichristidis N. Heteroatom-containing degradable polymers by ring-opening metathesis polymerization. Prog Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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4
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Data S, Leung Wai J, Kumar S, Cameron AJ, Trehet M, Itumoh EJ, Feld J, Söhnel T, Leitao EM. The Step‐Wise Synthesis of Oligomeric Phosphoramidates. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shailja Data
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Auckland Private Bag, 92019 1142 Auckland New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology 6140 Wellington New Zealand
| | - Jeffery Leung Wai
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Auckland Private Bag, 92019 1142 Auckland New Zealand
| | - Saawan Kumar
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Auckland Private Bag, 92019 1142 Auckland New Zealand
| | - Alan J. Cameron
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Auckland Private Bag, 92019 1142 Auckland New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology 6140 Wellington New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences University of Auckland 3b Symonds St 1142 Auckland New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery 1142 Auckland New Zealand
| | - Manon Trehet
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Auckland Private Bag, 92019 1142 Auckland New Zealand
| | - Emeka J. Itumoh
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Auckland Private Bag, 92019 1142 Auckland New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology 6140 Wellington New Zealand
| | - Joey Feld
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Auckland Private Bag, 92019 1142 Auckland New Zealand
| | - Tilo Söhnel
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Auckland Private Bag, 92019 1142 Auckland New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology 6140 Wellington New Zealand
| | - Erin M. Leitao
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Auckland Private Bag, 92019 1142 Auckland New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology 6140 Wellington New Zealand
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5
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Hiranphinyophat S, Iwasaki Y. Controlled biointerfaces with biomimetic phosphorus-containing polymers. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2021; 22:301-316. [PMID: 34104114 PMCID: PMC8168784 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2021.1908095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus is a ubiquitous and one of the most common elements found in living organisms. Almost all molecules containing phosphorus in our body exist as analogs of phosphate salts or phosphoesters. Their functions are versatile and important, being responsible for forming the genetic code, cell membrane, and mineral components of hard tissue. Several materials inspired from these phosphorus-containing biomolecules have been recently developed. These materials have shown unique properties at the biointerface, such as nonfouling ability, blood compatibility, lubricity, mineralization induction capability, and bone affinity. Several unfavorable events occur at the interface of materials and living organisms because most of these materials have not been designed while taking host responses into account. These unfavorable events are directly linked to reducing functions and shorten the usable periods of medical devices. Biomimetic phosphorus-containing polymers can improve the reliability of materials in biological systems. In addition, phosphorus-containing biomimetic polymers are useful not only for improving the biocompatibility of material surfaces but also for adding new functions due to the flexibility in molecular design. In this review, we describe the recent advances in the control of biointerfacial phenomena with phosphorus-containing polymers. We especially focus on zwitterioninc phosphorylcholine polymers and polyphosphoesters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasuhiko Iwasaki
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita, Japan
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6
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Pelosi C, Tinè MR, Wurm FR. Main-chain water-soluble polyphosphoesters: Multi-functional polymers as degradable PEG-alternatives for biomedical applications. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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7
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Bauer KN, Simon J, Mailänder V, Landfester K, Wurm FR. Polyphosphoester surfactants as general stealth coatings for polymeric nanocarriers. Acta Biomater 2020; 116:318-328. [PMID: 32937204 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Opsonization of nanocarriers is one of the most important biological barriers for controlled drug delivery. The typical way to prevent such unspecific protein adsorption and thus fast clearance by the immune system is the covalent modification of drug delivery vehicles with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), so-called PEGylation. Recently, polyphosphoesters (PPEs) were identified as adequate PEG substitutes, however with the benefits of controllable hydrophilicity, additional chemical functionality, or biodegradability. Here, we present a general strategy by non-covalent adsorption of different nonionic PPE-surfactants to nanocarriers with stealth properties. Polyphosphoester surfactants with different binding motifs were synthesized by anionic ring-opening polymerization of cyclic phosphates or phosphonates and well-defined polymers were obtained. They were evaluated with regard to their cytotoxicity, protein interactions, and corona formation and their cellular uptake. We proved that all PPE-surfactants have lower cytotoxicity as the common PEG-based surfactant (Lutensol® AT 50) and that their hydrolysis is controlled by their chemical structure. Two polymeric nanocarriers, namely polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate), and bio-based and potentially biodegradable hydroxyethyl starch nanocarriers were coated with the PPE-surfactants. All nanocarriers exhibited reduced protein adsorption after coating with PPE-surfactants and a strongly reduced interaction with macrophages. This general strategy allows the transformation of polymeric nanocarriers into camouflaged nanocarriers and by the chemical versatility of PPEs will allow the attachment of additional moieties for advanced drug delivery.
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8
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Steinmann M, Wurm FR. Water-soluble and degradable polyphosphorodiamidates via thiol-ene polyaddition. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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9
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Strasser P, Teasdale I. Main-Chain Phosphorus-Containing Polymers for Therapeutic Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:E1716. [PMID: 32276516 PMCID: PMC7181247 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymers in which phosphorus is an integral part of the main chain, including polyphosphazenes and polyphosphoesters, have been widely investigated in recent years for their potential in a number of therapeutic applications. Phosphorus, as the central feature of these polymers, endears the chemical functionalization, and in some cases (bio)degradability, to facilitate their use in such therapeutic formulations. Recent advances in the synthetic polymer chemistry have allowed for controlled synthesis methods in order to prepare the complex macromolecular structures required, alongside the control and reproducibility desired for such medical applications. While the main polymer families described herein, polyphosphazenes and polyphosphoesters and their analogues, as well as phosphorus-based dendrimers, have hitherto predominantly been investigated in isolation from one another, this review aims to highlight and bring together some of this research. In doing so, the focus is placed on the essential, and often mutual, design features and structure-property relationships that allow the preparation of such functional materials. The first part of the review details the relevant features of phosphorus-containing polymers in respect to their use in therapeutic applications, while the second part highlights some recent and innovative applications, offering insights into the most state-of-the-art research on phosphorus-based polymers in a therapeutic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Strasser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz (JKU), Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Ian Teasdale
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz (JKU), Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
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10
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Blake TR, Ho WC, Turlington CR, Zang X, Huttner MA, Wender PA, Waymouth RM. Synthesis and mechanistic investigations of pH-responsive cationic poly(aminoester)s. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2951-2966. [PMID: 34122796 PMCID: PMC8157522 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05267d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and degradation mechanisms of a class of pH-sensitive, rapidly degrading cationic poly(α-aminoester)s are described. These reactive, cationic polymers are stable at low pH in water, but undergo a fast and selective degradation at higher pH to liberate neutral diketopiperazines. Related materials incorporating oligo(α-amino ester)s have been shown to be effective gene delivery agents, as the charge-altering degradative behavior facilitates the delivery and release of mRNA and other nucleic acids in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we report detailed studies of the structural and environmental factors that lead to these rapid and selective degradation processes in aqueous buffers. At neutral pH, poly(α-aminoester)s derived from N-hydroxyethylglycine degrade selectively by a mechanism involving sequential 1,5- and 1,6-O→N acyl shifts to generate bis(N-hydroxyethyl) diketopiperazine. A family of structurally related cationic poly(aminoester)s was generated to study the structural influences on the degradation mechanism, product distribution, and pH dependence of the rate of degradation. The kinetics and mechanism of the pH-induced degradations were investigated by 1H NMR, model reactions, and kinetic simulations. These results indicate that polyesters bearing α-ammonium groups and appropriately positioned N-hydroxyethyl substituents are readily cleaved (by intramolecular attack) or hydrolyzed, representing dynamic "dual function" materials that are initially polycationic and transform with changing environment to neutral products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Blake
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Wilson C Ho
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | | | - Xiaoyu Zang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | | | - Paul A Wender
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
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11
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Simon J, Bauer KN, Langhanki J, Opatz T, Mailänder V, Landfester K, Wurm FR. Noncovalent Targeting of Nanocarriers to Immune Cells with Polyphosphoester-Based Surfactants in Human Blood Plasma. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1901199. [PMID: 31763142 PMCID: PMC6864500 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are part of the immune system and can internalize pathogens by carbohydrate receptors. The uptake induces maturation and migration of the DCs resulting in an adaptive immune response by presenting antigens to T-cells. Thus, targeted delivery to DCs is a powerful tool for immunotherapy. However, in blood, specific targeting is challenging as blood proteins adsorb to the nanocarriers and mask the targeting molecules. Additionally, covalent coupling of targeting groups to nanocarriers requires new chemistry for each nanocarrier, while a general strategy is missing. A general protocol by noncovalent adsorption of mannosylated polyphosphoesters (PPEs) on the nanocarriers' surface resulting in specific uptake into DCs combined with low protein adsorption of PPEs is presented. PPEs with hydrophobic anchors and multiple mannose units are reported and adsorbed to different model nanocarriers. Their protein corona remain similar to pure stealth nanocarriers and prove only low uptake into nontargeted cells (monocytes). Due to the "stealth" properties of PPEs, a high specific uptake into DCs is achieved after incubation in human blood plasma, proving an efficient combination of "stealth" and targeting after simple adsorption of the PPEs. This strategy can transform any nanocarrier into DC-targeting by noncovalent adsorption of PPEs and will aid in developing novel immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Simon
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für PolymerforschungAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Dermatology ClinicUniversity Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg‐University MainzLangenbeckstr. 155131MainzGermany
| | - Kristin N. Bauer
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für PolymerforschungAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Jens Langhanki
- Institute of Organic ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg‐University MainzDuesbergweg 10‐1455128MainzGermany
| | - Till Opatz
- Institute of Organic ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg‐University MainzDuesbergweg 10‐1455128MainzGermany
| | - Volker Mailänder
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für PolymerforschungAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Dermatology ClinicUniversity Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg‐University MainzLangenbeckstr. 155131MainzGermany
| | | | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für PolymerforschungAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
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12
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Ultrafast hydrolytic degradation of 2,3-dihydroxypropyl functionalized poly(ethylene phosphates). MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Abstract
This microreview details recent developments in stimuli-responsive polymers with phosphorus in the main-chain, in particular polyphosphazenes and polyphosphoesters. The presence of phosphorus in the polymers endows unique properties onto the macromolecules, which can be utilized for the preparation of materials capable of physically responding to specific stimuli. Achieving the desired responsiveness has been much facilitated by recent developments in synthetic polymer chemistry, in particular controlled synthesis and backbone functionalization phosphorus-based polymers, in order to achieve the required properties and hence responsiveness of the materials. The development of phosphorus-based polymers which respond to the most important stimuli are discussed, namely, pH, oxidation, reduction, temperature and biological triggers. The polymers are placed in the context not just of each other but also with reference to state-of-the-art organic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Teasdale
- Institute of Polymer ChemistryJohannes Kepler University LinzAltenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
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14
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15
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Becker G, Wurm FR. Functional biodegradable polymers via ring-opening polymerization of monomers without protective groups. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7739-7782. [PMID: 30221267 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00531a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers are of current interest and chemical functionality in such materials is often demanded in advanced biomedical applications. Functional groups often are not tolerated in the polymerization process of ring-opening polymerization (ROP) and therefore protective groups need to be applied. Advantageously, several orthogonally reactive functions are available, which do not demand protection during ROP. We give an insight into available, orthogonally reactive cyclic monomers and the corresponding functional synthetic and biodegradable polymers, obtained from ROP. Functionalities in the monomer are reviewed, which are tolerated by ROP without further protection and allow further post-modification of the corresponding chemically functional polymers after polymerization. Synthetic concepts to these monomers are summarized in detail, preferably using precursor molecules. Post-modification strategies for the reported functionalities are presented and selected applications highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Becker
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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16
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Wang H, Dong M, Khan S, Su L, Li R, Song Y, Lin YN, Kang N, Komatsu CH, Elsabahy M, Wooley KL. Acid-Triggered Polymer Backbone Degradation and Disassembly to Achieve Release of Camptothecin from Functional Polyphosphoramidate Nanoparticles. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:783-788. [PMID: 35650768 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT) is a promising anticancer drug, yet its therapeutic potential has been limited by poor water solubility and facile hydrolysis of the lactone form into an inactive carboxylate form at neutral pH. In this work, a fundamental synthetic methodology was advanced to allow for the preparation of well-defined functional polyphosphoramidate (PPA)-based block copolymers that coassembled with CPT into nanoparticles, which underwent coincident acid-triggered polymer backbone degradation, nanoparticle disassembly, and CPT release. Encapsulation of CPT by the PPA polymer inhibited premature hydrolysis of CPT at pH 7.4 and enabled accelerated CPT release at pH 5.0 (ca. 4× faster than at pH 7.4). Two degradable oxazaphospholidine monomers, with one carrying an alkyne group, were synthesized to access well-defined block PPAs (dispersity, Đ<1.2) via sequential organobase-catalyzed ring-opening polymerizations (ROP). The resulting amphiphilic block copolymers (PEOMP-b-PBYOMP) were physically loaded with CPT to achieve well-dispersed nanotherapeutics, which allowed the aqueous suspension of CPT at concentrations up to 3.2 mg/mL, significantly exceeding the aqueous solubility of the drug (<2.0 μg/mL at 37 °C). Cytotoxicity studies revealed enhanced efficacy of the CPT-loaded nanoparticles over free CPT in cancer cells and similar toxicity in normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wang
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic−Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Mei Dong
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic−Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Sarosh Khan
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic−Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Lu Su
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic−Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Richen Li
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic−Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Yue Song
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic−Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Yen-Nan Lin
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic−Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Nari Kang
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic−Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Christopher H. Komatsu
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic−Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Mahmoud Elsabahy
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic−Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic−Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
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17
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Linhardt A, König M, Iturmendi A, Henke H, Brüggemann O, Teasdale I. Degradable, Dendritic Polyols on a Branched Polyphosphazene Backbone. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018; 57:3602-3609. [PMID: 29568158 PMCID: PMC5857928 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b05301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present the design, synthesis, and characterization of fully degradable, hybrid, star-branched dendritic polyols. First multiarmed polyphosphazenes were prepared as a star-branched scaffold which upon functionalization produced globular branched hydroxyl-functionalized polymers with over 1700 peripheral functional end groups. These polyols with unique branched architectures could be prepared with controlled molecular weights and relatively narrow dispersities. Furthermore, the polymers are shown to undergo hydrolytic degradation to low molecular weight degradation products, the rate of which could be controlled through postpolymerization functionalization of the phosphazene backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Linhardt
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes
Kepler University Linz (JKU), Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Michael König
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes
Kepler University Linz (JKU), Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Aitziber Iturmendi
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes
Kepler University Linz (JKU), Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Helena Henke
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes
Kepler University Linz (JKU), Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Oliver Brüggemann
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes
Kepler University Linz (JKU), Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Ian Teasdale
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes
Kepler University Linz (JKU), Altenberger Straße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
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18
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Bauer KN, Liu L, Andrienko D, Wagner M, Macdonald EK, Shaver MP, Wurm FR. Polymerizing Phostones: A Fast Way to In-Chain Poly(phosphonate)s with Adjustable Hydrophilicity. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin N. Bauer
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Polymerforschunng, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lei Liu
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Polymerforschunng, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Denis Andrienko
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Polymerforschunng, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred Wagner
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Polymerforschunng, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Emily K. Macdonald
- School
of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster
Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P. Shaver
- School
of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster
Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Polymerforschunng, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Wolf T, Hunold J, Simon J, Rosenauer C, Hinderberger D, Wurm FR. Temperature responsive poly(phosphonate) copolymers: from single chains to macroscopic coacervates. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01811h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Detailed investigation of the LCST phase separation mechanism of poly(ethylene alkyl phosphonate)- copolymers is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wolf
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Johannes Hunold
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg
- Institut für Chemie
- 06120 Halle (Saale)
- Germany
| | - Johanna Simon
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | | | - Dariush Hinderberger
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg
- Institut für Chemie
- 06120 Halle (Saale)
- Germany
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Li BJ, Simard RD, Beauchemin AM. o-Phthalaldehyde catalyzed hydrolysis of organophosphinic amides and other P([double bond, length as m-dash]O)-NH containing compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:8667-8670. [PMID: 28726879 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc04950a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Over 50 years ago, Jencks and Gilchrist showed that formaldehyde catalyses the hydrolysis of phosphoramidate through electrophilic activation, induced by covalent attachment to its nitrogen atom. Given our interest in the use of aldehydes as catalysts, this work was revisited to identify a superior catalyst, o-phthalaldehyde, which facilitates hydrolyses of various organophosphorus compounds bearing P([double bond, length as m-dash]O)-NH subunits under mild conditions. Interestingly, chemoselective hydrolysis of the P([double bond, length as m-dash]O)-N bonds could be accomplished in the presence of P([double bond, length as m-dash]O)-OR bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Jie Li
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Ryan D Simard
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - André M Beauchemin
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
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Song Y, Chen Y, Su L, Li R, Letteri RA, Wooley KL. Crystallization-driven assembly of fully degradable, natural product-based poly(l-lactide)-block-poly(α-d-glucose carbonate)s in aqueous solution. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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