1
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Mousavi H, Rimaz M, Zeynizadeh B. Practical Three-Component Regioselective Synthesis of Drug-Like 3-Aryl(or heteroaryl)-5,6-dihydrobenzo[ h]cinnolines as Potential Non-Covalent Multi-Targeting Inhibitors To Combat Neurodegenerative Diseases. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1828-1881. [PMID: 38647433 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are one of the prominent health challenges facing contemporary society, and many efforts have been made to overcome and (or) control it. In this research paper, we described a practical one-pot two-step three-component reaction between 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (1), aryl(or heteroaryl)glyoxal monohydrates (2a-h), and hydrazine monohydrate (NH2NH2•H2O) for the regioselective preparation of some 3-aryl(or heteroaryl)-5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]cinnoline derivatives (3a-h). After synthesis and characterization of the mentioned cinnolines (3a-h), the in silico multi-targeting inhibitory properties of these heterocyclic scaffolds have been investigated upon various Homo sapiens-type enzymes, including hMAO-A, hMAO-B, hAChE, hBChE, hBACE-1, hBACE-2, hNQO-1, hNQO-2, hnNOS, hiNOS, hPARP-1, hPARP-2, hLRRK-2(G2019S), hGSK-3β, hp38α MAPK, hJNK-3, hOGA, hNMDA receptor, hnSMase-2, hIDO-1, hCOMT, hLIMK-1, hLIMK-2, hRIPK-1, hUCH-L1, hPARK-7, and hDHODH, which have confirmed their functions and roles in the neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), based on molecular docking studies, and the obtained results were compared with a wide range of approved drugs and well-known (with IC50, EC50, etc.) compounds. In addition, in silico ADMET prediction analysis was performed to examine the prospective drug properties of the synthesized heterocyclic compounds (3a-h). The obtained results from the molecular docking studies and ADMET-related data demonstrated that these series of 3-aryl(or heteroaryl)-5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]cinnolines (3a-h), especially hit ones, can really be turned into the potent core of new drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), and/or due to the having some reactionable locations, they are able to have further organic reactions (such as cross-coupling reactions), and expansion of these compounds (for example, with using other types of aryl(or heteroaryl)glyoxal monohydrates) makes a new avenue for designing novel and efficient drugs for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Mousavi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia 5756151818, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rimaz
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, P.O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran 19395-3697, Iran
| | - Behzad Zeynizadeh
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia 5756151818, Iran
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2
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Zhang J, Yu J, Liu M, Xie Z, Lei X, Yang X, Huang S, Deng X, Wang Z, Tang G. Small-molecule modulators of tumor immune microenvironment. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107251. [PMID: 38442612 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, tumor immunotherapy, aimed at increasing the activity of immune cells and reducing immunosuppressive effects, has attracted wide attention. Among them, immune checkpoint blocking (ICB) is the most commonly explored therapeutic approach. All approved immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are clinically effective monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Compared with biological agents, small-molecule drugs have many unique advantages in tumor immunotherapy. Therefore, they also play an important role. Immunosuppressive signals such as PD-L1, IDO1, and TGF-β, etc. overexpressed in tumor cells form the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. In addition, the efficacy of multi-pathway combined immunotherapy has also been reported and verified. Here, we mainly reviewed the mechanism of tumor immunotherapy, analyzed the research status of small-molecule modulators, and discussed drug candidates' structure-activity relationship (SAR). It provides more opportunities for further research to design more immune small-molecule modulators with novel structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Meijing Liu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Zhizhong Xie
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiaoyong Lei
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Sheng Huang
- Jiuzhitang Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China
| | - Xiangping Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhe Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Guotao Tang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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3
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Narra SR, Bacho MZ, Hattori M, Shibata N. Expanding the Frontier of Linear Drug Design: Cu-Catalyzed C sp -C sp 3 -Coupling of Electron-Deficient SF 4 -Alkynes with Alkyl Iodides. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306554. [PMID: 38161224 PMCID: PMC10953538 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Despite the attractive properties of tetrafluorosulfanyl (SF4 ) compounds in drug discovery, medicinal research on SF4 molecules is hindered by the scarcity of suitable synthetic methodologies. Drawing inspiration from the well-established Sonogashira cross-coupling of terminal alkynes under Pd-catalysis, it is envisioned that SF4 -alkynes can serve as effective coupling partners. To overcome the challenges associated with the electron-deficient nature of SF4 -alkynes and the lability of the SF4 unit under transition-metal catalysis, an aryl radical mediated Csp -Csp 3 cross-coupling reaction is successfully developed under Cu catalysis. This methodology facilitates the coupling of SF4 -alkynes with alkyl iodides, leading to the immediate synthesis of SF4 -attached drug-like molecules. These findings highlight the potential impact of SF4 -containing molecules in the drug industry, paving the way for further research in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Reddy Narra
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical SciencesNagoya Institute of TechnologyGokiso, Showa‐kuNagoya466‐8555Japan
| | - Muhamad Zulfaqar Bacho
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical SciencesNagoya Institute of TechnologyGokiso, Showa‐kuNagoya466‐8555Japan
| | - Masashi Hattori
- Department of Life Science and Applied ChemistryNagoya Institute of TechnologyGokiso, Showa‐kuNagoya466‐8555Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical SciencesNagoya Institute of TechnologyGokiso, Showa‐kuNagoya466‐8555Japan
- Department of Life Science and Applied ChemistryNagoya Institute of TechnologyGokiso, Showa‐kuNagoya466‐8555Japan
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4
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Anderson JM, Poole DL, Cook GC, Murphy JA, Measom ND. Organometallic Bridge Diversification of Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304070. [PMID: 38117748 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) derivatives have attracted significant recent interest in drug discovery as alkyne, tert-butyl and arene bioisosteres, where their incorporation is frequently associated with increased compound solubility and metabolic stability. While strategies for functionalisation of the bridgehead (1,3) positions are extensively developed, platforms allowing divergent substitution at the bridge (2,4,5) positions remain limited. Recent reports have introduced 1-electron strategies for arylation and incorporation of a small range of other substituents, but are limited in terms of scope, yields or practical complexity. Herein, we show the synthesis of diverse 1,2,3-trifunctionalised BCPs through lithium-halogen exchange of a readily accessible BCP bromide. When coupled with medicinally relevant product derivatisations, our developed 2-electron "late stage" approach provides rapid and straightforward access to unprecedented BCP structural diversity (>20 hitherto-unknown motifs reported). Additionally, we describe a method for the synthesis of enantioenriched "chiral-at-BCP" bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes through a novel stereoselective bridgehead desymmetrisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Anderson
- Medicinal Chemistry, GSK, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, UK, SG1 2NY
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, UK, G1 1XL
| | - Darren L Poole
- Medicinal Chemistry, GSK, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, UK, SG1 2NY
| | - Gemma C Cook
- Medicinal Chemistry, GSK, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, UK, SG1 2NY
| | - John A Murphy
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, UK, G1 1XL
| | - Nicholas D Measom
- Medicinal Chemistry, GSK, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, UK, SG1 2NY
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5
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Prysiazhniuk K, Datsenko OP, Polishchuk O, Shulha S, Shablykin O, Nikandrova Y, Horbatok K, Bodenchuk I, Borysko P, Shepilov D, Pishel I, Kubyshkin V, Mykhailiuk PK. Spiro[3.3]heptane as a Saturated Benzene Bioisostere. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316557. [PMID: 38251921 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The spiro[3.3]heptane core, with the non-coplanar exit vectors, was shown to be a saturated benzene bioisostere. This scaffold was incorporated into the anticancer drug sonidegib (instead of the meta-benzene), the anticancer drug vorinostat (instead of the phenyl ring), and the anesthetic drug benzocaine (instead of the para-benzene). The patent-free saturated analogs obtained showed a high potency in the corresponding biological assays.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Oleh Shablykin
- Enamine Ltd., Winston Churchill Str. 78, 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
- V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry NAS of Ukraine, 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | | | | | - Petro Borysko
- Bienta, Winston Churchill Str. 78, 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Iryna Pishel
- Bienta, Winston Churchill Str. 78, 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
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6
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Yadav AK, Ariff PNAM, Kawai K, Ochiai S, Narra SR, Shibata N. Cross Dehydrogenative Coupling of SF 4-Alkyne with Tetrahydroisoquinolines. Org Lett 2024; 26:1442-1446. [PMID: 38319986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
This study introduces a dual-catalytic method for cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) between tetrahydroisoquinolines and Py-SF4-alkyne using visible-light photoredox catalysis. This protocol enables selective C(sp3)-H alkynylation, expanding the synthetic toolkit for SF4-based molecules. Demonstrating efficiency and substrate versatility, this approach opens new avenues in hexacoordinated tetrafluorinated sulfur chemistry and CDC strategies and holds significant promise for drug discovery and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Kumar Yadav
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
- Baba Raghav Das Post Graduate College, Deoria, Uttar Pradesh 274001, India
| | - Putri Nur Arina Mohd Ariff
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Koki Kawai
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Seishu Ochiai
- Department of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Srikanth Reddy Narra
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
- Department of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
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7
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Chen M, Cui Y, Chen X, Shang R, Zhang X. C-F bond activation enables synthesis of aryl difluoromethyl bicyclopentanes as benzophenone-type bioisosteres. Nat Commun 2024; 15:419. [PMID: 38199996 PMCID: PMC10781780 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44653-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioisosteric design has become an essential approach in the development of drug molecules. Recent advancements in synthetic methodologies have enabled the rapid adoption of this strategy into drug discovery programs. Consequently, conceptionally innovative practices would be appreciated by the medicinal chemistry community. Here we report an expeditous synthetic method for synthesizing aryl difluoromethyl bicyclopentane (ADB) as a bioisostere of the benzophenone core. This approach involves the merger of light-driven C-F bond activation and strain-release chemistry under the catalysis of a newly designed N-anionic-based organic photocatalyst. This defluorinative coupling methodology enables the direct conversion of a wide variety of commercially available trifluoromethylaromatic C-F bonds (more than 70 examples) into the corresponding difluoromethyl bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCP) arenes/difluoromethyl BCP boronates in a single step. The strategy can also be applied to [3.1.1]and [4.1.1]propellane systems, providing access to analogues with different geometries. Moreover, we have successfully used this protocol to rapidly prepare ADB-substituted analogues of the bioactive molecule Adiporon. Biological testing has shown that the ADB scaffold has the potential to enhance the pharmacological properties of benzophenone-type drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshuo Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, 310024, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuang Cui
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, 310024, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, 310024, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Shang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Xiaheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, 310024, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Harwood LA, Xiong Z, Christensen KE, Wang R, Wong LL, Robertson J. Selective P450 BM3 Hydroxylation of Cyclobutylamine and Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentylamine Derivatives: Underpinning Synthetic Chemistry for Drug Discovery. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27767-27773. [PMID: 38051939 PMCID: PMC10740007 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Achieving single-step syntheses of a set of related compounds divergently and selectively from a common starting material affords substantial efficiency gains when compared with preparing those same compounds by multiple individual syntheses. In order for this approach to be realized, complementary reagent systems must be available; here, a panel of engineered P450BM3 enzymes is shown to fulfill this remit in the selective C-H hydroxylation of cyclobutylamine derivatives at chemically unactivated sites. The oxidations can proceed with high regioselectivity and stereoselectivity, producing valuable bifunctional intermediates for synthesis and applications in fragment-based drug discovery. The process also applies to bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl (BCP) amine derivatives to achieve the first direct enantioselective functionalization of the bridging methylenes and open a short and efficient route to chiral BCP bioisosteres for medicinal chemistry. The combination of substrate, enzyme, and reaction engineering provides a powerful general platform for small-molecule elaboration and diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy A. Harwood
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Ziyue Xiong
- Oxford
Suzhou Centre for Advanced Research, Ruo Shui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Kirsten E. Christensen
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Ruiyao Wang
- Wisdom
Lake Academy of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool
University, Suzhou Industrial
Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Luet L. Wong
- Oxford
Suzhou Centre for Advanced Research, Ruo Shui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
| | - Jeremy Robertson
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
- Oxford
Suzhou Centre for Advanced Research, Ruo Shui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
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9
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Meanwell NA. Applications of Bioisosteres in the Design of Biologically Active Compounds. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:18087-18122. [PMID: 36961953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The design of bioisosteres represents a creative and productive approach to improve a molecule, including by enhancing potency, addressing pharmacokinetic challenges, reducing off-target liabilities, and productively modulating physicochemical properties. Bioisosterism is a principle exploited in the design of bioactive compounds of interest to both medicinal and agricultural chemists, and in this review, we provide a synopsis of applications where this kind of molecular editing has proved to be advantageous in molecule optimization. The examples selected for discussion focus on bioisosteres of carboxylic acids, applications of fluorine and fluorinated motifs in compound design, some applications of the sulfoximine functionality, the design of bioisosteres of drug-H2O complexes, and the design of bioisosteres of the phenyl ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Meanwell
- The Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, 3805 Old Easton Rd, Doylestown, Pennsylvania 18902, United States
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10
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Levterov VV, Panasiuk Y, Sahun K, Stashkevych O, Badlo V, Shablykin O, Sadkova I, Bortnichuk L, Klymenko-Ulianov O, Holota Y, Lachmann L, Borysko P, Horbatok K, Bodenchuk I, Bas Y, Dudenko D, Mykhailiuk PK. 2-Oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane as a new bioisostere of the phenyl ring. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5608. [PMID: 37783681 PMCID: PMC10545790 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41298-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The phenyl ring is a basic structural element in chemistry. Here, we show the design, synthesis, and validation of its new saturated bioisostere with improved physicochemical properties - 2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane. The design of the structure is based on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the previously used bioisosteres: bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane, and cubane. The key synthesis step is the iodocyclization of cyclohexane-containing alkenyl alcohols with molecular iodine in acetonitrile. 2-Oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane core is incorporated into the structure of Imatinib and Vorinostat (SAHA) drugs instead of the phenyl ring. In Imatinib, such replacement leads to improvement of physicochemical properties: increased water solubility, enhanced metabolic stability, and reduced lipophilicity. In Vorinostat, such replacement results in a new bioactive analog of the drug. This study enhances the repertoire of available saturated bioisosteres of (hetero)aromatic rings for the use in drug discovery projects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kateryna Sahun
- Enamine Ltd., Winston Churchill street 78, 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Valentyn Badlo
- Enamine Ltd., Winston Churchill street 78, 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Oleh Shablykin
- Enamine Ltd., Winston Churchill street 78, 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
- V. P. Kukhar IBOPC of the NASciences of Ukraine, Academician Kukhar Str. 1, 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Iryna Sadkova
- Enamine Ltd., Winston Churchill street 78, 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Lina Bortnichuk
- Enamine Ltd., Winston Churchill street 78, 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Yuliia Holota
- Enamine Ltd., Winston Churchill street 78, 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Petro Borysko
- Enamine Ltd., Winston Churchill street 78, 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Iryna Bodenchuk
- Enamine Ltd., Winston Churchill street 78, 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Yuliia Bas
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Chemistry Department, Volodymyrska 64, 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Dudenko
- Enamine Ltd., Winston Churchill street 78, 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
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11
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Lu Y, Chen C. Exceptional reactivity of the bridgehead amine on bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane. ARKIVOC 2023; 2023:202312003. [PMID: 37786812 PMCID: PMC10544781 DOI: 10.24820/ark.5550190.p012.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) has received substantial interest in the field of synthetic chemistry recently for its potential use as a benzene isostere in medicinal chemistry. Whereas bicyclo[2.2.2]octane (BCO) has also been used as a bioisostere of benzene, the condensation of BCP-amine with nadic anhydride is significantly easier than that of BCO-amine. Analyses of the geometries and the frontier molecular orbitals of these amines suggest that the low steric hindrance and high intrinsic nucleophilicity of BCP-amine together contribute to its exceptional reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9038
| | - Chuo Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9038
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12
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Smith E, Jones KD, O'Brien L, Argent SP, Salome C, Lefebvre Q, Valery A, Böcü M, Newton GN, Lam HW. Silver(I)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Cuneanes from Cubanes and their Investigation as Isosteres. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37478562 PMCID: PMC10401713 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Bridged or caged polycyclic hydrocarbons have rigid structures that project substituents into precise regions of 3D space, making them attractive as linking groups in materials science and as building blocks for medicinal chemistry. The efficient synthesis of new or underexplored classes of such compounds is, therefore, an important objective. Herein, we describe the silver(I)-catalyzed rearrangement of 1,4-disubstituted cubanes to cuneanes, which are strained hydrocarbons that have not received much attention since they were first described in 1970. The synthesis of 2,6-disubstituted or 1,3-disubstituted cuneanes can be achieved with high regioselectivities, with the regioselectivity being dependent on the electronic character of the cubane substituents. A preliminary assessment of cuneanes as scaffolds for medicinal chemistry suggests cuneanes could serve as isosteric replacements of trans-1,4-disubstituted cyclohexanes and 1,3-disubstituted benzenes. An analogue of the anticancer drug sonidegib was synthesized, in which the 1,2,3-trisubstituted benzene was replaced with a 1,3-disubstituted cuneane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Smith
- The GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road, Nottingham, NG7 2TU, United Kingdom
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Kieran D Jones
- The GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road, Nottingham, NG7 2TU, United Kingdom
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Luke O'Brien
- The GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road, Nottingham, NG7 2TU, United Kingdom
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen P Argent
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Mina Böcü
- SpiroChem AG, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Graham N Newton
- The GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road, Nottingham, NG7 2TU, United Kingdom
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Hon Wai Lam
- The GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road, Nottingham, NG7 2TU, United Kingdom
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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13
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Wright BA, Matviitsuk A, Black MJ, García-Reynaga P, Hanna LE, Herrmann AT, Ameriks MK, Sarpong R, Lebold TP. Skeletal Editing Approach to Bridge-Functionalized Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes from Azabicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10960-10966. [PMID: 37145091 PMCID: PMC10281541 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Azabicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes (aza-BCHs) and bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCPs) have emerged as attractive classes of sp3-rich cores for replacing flat, aromatic groups with metabolically resistant, three-dimensional frameworks in drug scaffolds. Strategies to directly convert, or "scaffold hop", between these bioisosteric subclasses through single-atom skeletal editing would enable efficient interpolation within this valuable chemical space. Herein, we describe a strategy to "scaffold hop" between aza-BCH and BCP cores through a nitrogen-deleting skeletal edit. Photochemical [2+2] cycloadditions, used to prepare multifunctionalized aza-BCH frameworks, are coupled with a subsequent deamination step to afford bridge-functionalized BCPs, for which few synthetic solutions currently exist. The modular sequence provides access to various privileged bridged bicycles of pharmaceutical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon A Wright
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | | | - Michael J Black
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | | | - Luke E Hanna
- Janssen Research and Development, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Aaron T Herrmann
- Janssen Research and Development, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Michael K Ameriks
- Janssen Research and Development, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Terry P Lebold
- Janssen Research and Development, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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14
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Dong W, Keess S, Molander GA. Nickel-Mediated Alkyl-, Acyl-, and Sulfonylcyanation of [1.1.1]Propellane. CHEM CATALYSIS 2023; 3:100608. [PMID: 37840854 PMCID: PMC10572913 DOI: 10.1016/j.checat.2023.100608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The replacement of traditional functional groups with polycyclic scaffolds has been increasingly rewarding in medicinal chemistry programs. Over the decades, 1,3-disubstituted bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCPs) have demonstrated the potential for being competent bioisosteres for aryl-, alkyl- and alkynyl substructures. Although highly desired, mild and versatile synthetic methods to access synthetically valuable BCP-containing building blocks remain limited. Herein, a versatile way to access bridgehead substituted BCP nitriles, a useful BCP building block, is described, enabled by the unexpected selectivity of nickel in the multi-component radical cyanation. Commodity materials including carboxylic acids, amines, sulfonyl chlorides, and alkyl chlorides are engaged to provide a broad spectrum of substituted BCP nitriles in a single-step, multi-component fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhe Dong
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Sebastian Keess
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Neuroscience Discovery Research, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Gary A. Molander
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- Lead contact
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15
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Yu IF, Manske JL, Diéguez-Vázquez A, Misale A, Pashenko AE, Mykhailiuk PK, Ryabukhin SV, Volochnyuk DM, Hartwig JF. Catalytic undirected borylation of tertiary C-H bonds in bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes and bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes. Nat Chem 2023; 15:685-693. [PMID: 36973434 PMCID: PMC10684141 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01159-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic borylations of sp3 C-H bonds occur with high selectivities for primary C-H bonds or secondary C-H bonds that are activated by nearby electron-withdrawing substituents. Catalytic borylation at tertiary C-H bonds has not been observed. Here we describe a broadly applicable method for the synthesis of boron-substituted bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes and (hetero)bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes by an iridium-catalysed borylation of the bridgehead tertiary C-H bond. This reaction is highly selective for the formation of bridgehead boronic esters and is compatible with a broad range of functional groups (>35 examples). The method is applicable to the late-stage modification of pharmaceuticals containing this substructure and the synthesis of novel bicyclic building blocks. Kinetic and computational studies suggest that C-H bond cleavage occurs with a modest barrier and that the turnover-limiting step of this reaction is an isomerization that occurs prior to reductive elimination that forms the C-B bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac F Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jenna L Manske
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Alexander E Pashenko
- The Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Enamine Ltd, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Pavel K Mykhailiuk
- The Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Enamine Ltd, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Sergey V Ryabukhin
- The Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Enamine Ltd, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Dmitriy M Volochnyuk
- The Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine.
- Enamine Ltd, Kyiv, Ukraine.
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - John F Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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16
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Garry OL, Heilmann M, Chen J, Liang Y, Zhang X, Ma X, Yeung CS, Bennett DJ, MacMillan DWC. Rapid Access to 2-Substituted Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3092-3100. [PMID: 36696089 PMCID: PMC10680143 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The replacement of aryl rings with saturated carbocyclic structures has garnered significant interest in drug discovery due to the potential for improved pharmacokinetic properties upon substitution. In particular, 1,3-difunctionalized bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCPs) have been widely adopted as bioisosteres for parasubstituted arene rings, appearing in a number of lead pharmaceutical candidates. However, despite the pharmaceutical value of 2-substituted BCPs as replacements for ortho- or meta-substituted arene rings, general and rapid syntheses of these scaffolds remain elusive. Current approaches to 2-substituted BCPs rely on installation of the bridge substituent prior to BCP core construction, leading to lengthy step counts and often nonmodular sequences. While challenging, direct functionalization of the strong bridge BCP C-H bonds would offer a more streamlined pathway to diverse 2-substituted BCPs. Here, we report a generalizable synthetic linchpin strategy for bridge functionalization via radical C-H abstraction of the BCP core. Through mild generation of a strong hydrogen atom abstractor, we rapidly synthesize novel 2-substituted BCP synthetic linchpins in one pot. These synthetic linchpins then serve as common precursors to complex 2-substituted BCPs, allowing one-step access to a number of previously inaccessible electrophile and nucleophile fragments at the 2-position via two new metallaphotoredox protocols. Altogether, this platform enables the expedient synthesis of four pharmaceutical analogues, all of which show similar or improved properties compared to their aryl-containing equivalents, demonstrating the potential of these 2-substituted BCPs in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia L Garry
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Michael Heilmann
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Jingjia Chen
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Yufan Liang
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Xiaheng Zhang
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Xiaoshen Ma
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Charles S Yeung
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - David Jonathan Bennett
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - David W C MacMillan
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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17
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Ma X, Jiang Y. Synthesis of gem-Diboromethyl-Substituted Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes and Their Application in Palladium-Catalyzed Cross Couplings. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1665-1694. [PMID: 36695785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We describe the first general transition-metal-free synthesis of gem-diboromethyl-substituted bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) and other related C(sp3)-rich carbocyclic benzene bioisosteres from their corresponding p-tosylhydrazones. These novel functionalized benzene bioisosteres demonstrated unique reactivities toward palladium-catalyzed C(sp2)-C(sp3) cross couplings. The overall transformation can be applied to relatively complex substrates with potential utility in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshen Ma
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc. 33 Ave. Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Department of Analytical Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc. 33 Ave. Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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18
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Advances in nonclassical phenyl bioisosteres for drug structural optimization. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:1681-1692. [PMID: 36317661 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenyl group is the most prevalent ring system and plays an essential role as a pharmacophore or scaffold in marketed drugs. However, the indiscriminate employment of phenyl is also a major cause of poor physicochemical properties of active molecules. Nonclassical phenyl bioisosteres (NPBs) have emerged as effective replacements for phenyl in structural optimization due to their unique steric structures and physicochemical properties. Herein, the effects of widely reported NPBs on physicochemical properties and biological activities, including bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP), bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes (BCH), bicyclo[2.2.2]octane (BCO), cubane (CUB) and closo-carboborane, are reviewed. Issues that require consideration while using NPBs and practical solutions to problems frequently encountered in structural optimization using NPBs are also discussed.
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19
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Wang PF, Yang LQ, Shi ZH, Li XM, Qiu HY. An updated patent review of IDO1 inhibitors for cancer (2018-2022). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2022; 32:1145-1159. [PMID: 36420761 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2022.2151894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is highly related to the immune evasion of a wide range of malignancies due to its role in the immune suppression caused by the depletion of tryptophan (Trp) and the accumulation of kynurenine (Kyn). The combination of IDO1 inhibitors with other treatments represents a promising strategy in immunotherapy, although considerable challenges lie ahead. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on patent publications searched from Espacenet and Google Scholar, and related to IDO1 inhibitors with potential anti-cancer utilization during the period 2018-2022. EXPERT OPINION Despite the clinical trial failure of the first-in-class IDO1 inhibitor epacadostat in combination with pembrolizumab, numerous studies have been carried on to pursue more efficient IDO1-based immune-modulating therapeutic solutions. A large number of IDO1 inhibitors with new structures and design concepts have been produced with the impetus of crystallographic studies, and have shown great research potential. The elaboration on the combination of IDO1 inhibitors with other targeting agents, the more precise selection of patients, the identification of more reliable biomarkers for evaluating the IDO1 treatment, and the investigation of possible toxicity, are critical factors to promote IDO1-based immunotherapies from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Qiang Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Hang Shi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Min Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Yue Qiu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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20
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Frank N, Nugent J, Shire BR, Pickford HD, Rabe P, Sterling AJ, Zarganes-Tzitzikas T, Grimes T, Thompson AL, Smith RC, Schofield CJ, Brennan PE, Duarte F, Anderson EA. Synthesis of meta-substituted arene bioisosteres from [3.1.1]propellane. Nature 2022; 611:721-726. [PMID: 36108675 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05290-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Small-ring cage hydrocarbons are popular bioisosteres (molecular replacements) for commonly found para-substituted benzene rings in drug design1. The utility of these cage structures derives from their superior pharmacokinetic properties compared with their parent aromatics, including improved solubility and reduced susceptibility to metabolism2,3. A prime example is the bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane motif, which is mainly synthesized by ring-opening of the interbridgehead bond of the strained hydrocarbon [1.1.1]propellane with radicals or anions4. By contrast, scaffolds mimicking meta-substituted arenes are lacking because of the challenge of synthesizing saturated isosteres that accurately reproduce substituent vectors5. Here we show that bicyclo[3.1.1]heptanes (BCHeps), which are hydrocarbons for which the bridgehead substituents map precisely onto the geometry of meta-substituted benzenes, can be conveniently accessed from [3.1.1]propellane. We found that [3.1.1]propellane can be synthesized on a multigram scale, and readily undergoes a range of radical-based transformations to generate medicinally relevant carbon- and heteroatom-substituted BCHeps, including pharmaceutical analogues. Comparison of the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) properties of these analogues reveals enhanced metabolic stability relative to their parent arene-containing drugs, validating the potential of this meta-arene analogue as an sp3-rich motif in drug design. Collectively, our results show that BCHeps can be prepared on useful scales using a variety of methods, offering a new surrogate for meta-substituted benzene rings for implementation in drug discovery programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Frank
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jeremy Nugent
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bethany R Shire
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Helena D Pickford
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Patrick Rabe
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alistair J Sterling
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tryfon Zarganes-Tzitzikas
- Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Grimes
- Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford, UK
| | - Amber L Thompson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Russell C Smith
- Abbvie Drug Discovery Science & Technology (DDST), North Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Paul E Brennan
- Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford, UK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Edward A Anderson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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21
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Maruno K, Hada K, Sumii Y, Nagata O, Shibata N. Synthesis of Pyridine-SF 4-Isoxazolines Using the Functionality of trans-Tetrafluoro-λ 6-sulfanyl Rodlike Linkers. Org Lett 2022; 24:3755-3759. [PMID: 35475347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The tetrafluoro-λ6-sulfanyl (SF4) moiety has been relatively undeveloped since its discovery in the 1970s. In this study, we synthesized pyridine-SF4-isoxazolines, in which the two heterocycles are connected by a rodlike trans-SF4 linker, via the regioselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of pyridine-SF4-alkynes and nitrones in the presence of triethylamine. SF4 linkers are a viable alternative to para-substituted benzenes, alkynes, and bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl derivatives in drug design, and pyridine-SF4-isoxazolines have potential applications in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Maruno
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Kenshiro Hada
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Yuji Sumii
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Osamu Nagata
- Pharmaceutical Division, Ube Industries, Ltd., Seavans North Bldg., 1-2-1 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8449, Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan.,Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
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22
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Iwaki K, Maruno K, Nagata O, Shibata N. Ethynyl-SF 4-Pyridines: Reagents for SF 4-Alkynylation to Carbonyl Compounds. J Org Chem 2022; 87:6302-6311. [PMID: 35437010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The trans-tetrafluoro-λ6-sulfanyl (SF4) unit is medicinally attractive because of its high electronegativity, lipophilicity, and unique hypervalent structure. The trans-SF4 unit can characteristically connect two independent molecules linearly. However, there is no example of the use of this unit for medicinal chemistry due to difficulties in synthesis. We report the first synthesis of (ethynyl-trans-tetrafluoro-λ6-sulfanyl)pyridines (t-ethynyl-SF4-pyridines) and their use as versatile reagents for the first direct SF4-alkynylation to carbonyl compounds. The addition reaction of t-ethynyl-SF4-pyridines to the carbonyl group in the presence of MeLi smoothly afforded pyridine-SF4-propargylic tertiary and secondary alcohols in high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Iwaki
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences & Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Koki Maruno
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences & Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Osamu Nagata
- Pharmaceutical Division, Ube Industries, Ltd., Seavans North Bldg, 1-2-1 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8449, Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences & Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
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23
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Li D, Sloman DL, Achab A, Zhou H, McGowan MA, White C, Gibeau C, Zhang H, Pu Q, Bharathan I, Hopkins B, Liu K, Ferguson H, Fradera X, Lesburg CA, Martinot TA, Qi J, Song ZJ, Yin J, Zhang H, Song L, Wan B, DAddio S, Solban N, Miller JR, Zamlynny B, Bass A, Freeland E, Ykoruk B, Hilliard C, Ferraro J, Zhai J, Knemeyer I, Otte KM, Vincent S, Sciammetta N, Pasternak A, Bennett DJ, Han Y. Oxetane Promise Delivered: Discovery of Long-Acting IDO1 Inhibitors Suitable for Q3W Oral or Parenteral Dosing. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6001-6016. [PMID: 35239336 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
3,3-Disubstituted oxetanes have been utilized as bioisosteres for gem-dimethyl and cyclobutane functionalities. We report the discovery of a novel class of oxetane indole-amine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) inhibitors suitable for Q3W (once every 3 weeks) oral and parenteral dosing. A diamide class of IDO inhibitors was discovered through an automated ligand identification system (ALIS). Installation of an oxetane and fluorophenyl dramatically improved the potency. Identification of a biaryl moiety as an unconventional amide isostere addressed the metabolic liability of amide hydrolysis. Metabolism identification (Met-ID)-guided target design and the introduction of polarity resulted in the discovery of potent IDO inhibitors with excellent pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles in multiple species. To enable rapid synthesis of the key oxetane intermediate, a novel oxetane ring cyclization was also developed, as well as optimization of a literature route on kg scale. These IDO inhibitors may enable unambiguous proof-of-concept testing for the IDO1 inhibition mechanism for oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Huangguang Zhang
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd., No.6 Taihe Road, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Licheng Song
- Pharmaron Beijing Co., Ltd., No.6 Taihe Road, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Baoqiang Wan
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., No. 1 Building, #288 FuTe ZhongLu, WaiGaoQiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 100176, China
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24
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Maruno K, Niina K, Nagata O, Shibata N. Synthesis of an Eccentric Electron-Deficient Fluorinated Motif, Tetrafluoro-λ 6-sulfanyl gem-Difluorocyclopropenes. Org Lett 2022; 24:1722-1726. [PMID: 35199518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fluoro-functionalization is now recognized as a critical strategy in drug discovery; however, the accessible fluoro-functional groups are limited. We herein introduce an eccentric, fully fluorinated motif, trans-tetrafluoro-λ6-sulfanyl gem-difluorocyclopropene 2. This novel motif is highly lipophilic and polarized, enabling a connection of two independent groups via three continuous atoms with a large angle of pseudo cis configuration. The target motif was synthesized via a [2+1] cycloaddition of electron-deficient (hetero)aryl-SF4-alkynes 1 with an electrophilic difluorocarbene source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Maruno
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Kiyoteru Niina
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Osamu Nagata
- Pharmaceutical Division, Ube Industries, Ltd., Seavans North Building, 1-2-1 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8449, Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
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25
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Mirgaux M, Leherte L, Wouters J. Temporary Intermediates of L-Trp Along the Reaction Pathway of Human Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 and Identification of an Exo Site. Int J Tryptophan Res 2021; 14:11786469211052964. [PMID: 34949925 PMCID: PMC8689440 DOI: 10.1177/11786469211052964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein dynamics governs most of the fundamental processes in the human body.
Particularly, the dynamics of loops located near an active site can be involved
in the positioning of the substrate and the reaction mechanism. The
understanding of the functioning of dynamic loops is therefore a challenge, and
often requires the use of a multi-disciplinary approach mixing, for example,
crystallographic experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. In the present
work, the dynamic behavior of the JK-loop of the human indoleamine
2,3-dioxygenase 1 hemoprotein, a target for immunotherapy, is investigated. To
overcome the lack of knowledge on this dynamism, the study reported here is
based on 3 crystal structures presenting different conformations of the loop,
completed with molecular dynamics trajectories and MM-GBSA analyses, in order to
trace the reaction pathway of the enzyme. In addition, the crystal structures
identify an exo site in the small unit of the enzyme, that is populated
redundantly by the substrate or the product of the reaction. The role of this
newer reported exo site still needs to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Mirgaux
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique Structurale, Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Department of Chemistry, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Laurence Leherte
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique Structurale, Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Department of Chemistry, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Johan Wouters
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique Structurale, Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Department of Chemistry, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
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26
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Röhrig UF, Michielin O, Zoete V. Structure and Plasticity of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1). J Med Chem 2021; 64:17690-17705. [PMID: 34907770 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the implication of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in tumoral immune resistance in 2003, the search for inhibitors has been intensely pursued both in academia and in pharmaceutical companies, supported by the publication of the first crystal structure of IDO1 in 2006. More recently, it has become clear that IDO1 is an important player in various biological pathways and diseases ranging from neurodegenerative diseases to infection and autoimmunity. Its inhibition may lead to clinical benefit in different therapeutic settings. At present, over 50 experimental structures of IDO1 in complex with different ligands are available in the Protein Data Bank. Our analysis of this wealth of structural data sheds new light on several open issues regarding IDO1's structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute F Röhrig
- Molecular Modeling Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Michielin
- Molecular Modeling Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Ludwig Cancer Research─Lausanne Branch, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Zoete
- Molecular Modeling Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Oncology UNIL-CHUV, Ludwig Lausanne Branch, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
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27
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Fallarini S, Bhela IP, Aprile S, Torre E, Ranza A, Orecchini E, Panfili E, Pallotta MT, Massarotti A, Serafini M, Pirali T. The [1,2,4]Triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine as a New Player in the Field of IDO1 Catalytic Holo-Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3439-3450. [PMID: 34355531 PMCID: PMC9291769 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) are considered a promising strategy in cancer immunotherapy as they are able to boost the immune response and to work in synergy with other immunotherapeutic agents. Despite the fact that no IDO1 inhibitor has been approved so far, recent studies have shed light on the additional roles that IDO1 mediates beyond its catalytic activity, conferring new life to the field. Here we present a novel class of compounds originated from a structure-based virtual screening made on IDO1 active site. The starting hit compound is a novel chemotype based on a [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine scaffold, so far underexploited among the heme binding moieties. Thanks to the rational and in silico-guided design of analogues, an improvement of the potency to sub-micromolar levels has been achieved, with excellent in vitro metabolic stability and exquisite selectivity with respect to other heme-containing enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Fallarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversità degli Studi del Piemonte OrientaleLargo Donegani 228100NovaraItaly
| | - Irene P. Bhela
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversità degli Studi del Piemonte OrientaleLargo Donegani 228100NovaraItaly
| | - Silvio Aprile
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversità degli Studi del Piemonte OrientaleLargo Donegani 228100NovaraItaly
| | - Enza Torre
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversità degli Studi del Piemonte OrientaleLargo Donegani 228100NovaraItaly
| | - Alice Ranza
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversità degli Studi del Piemonte OrientaleLargo Donegani 228100NovaraItaly
| | - Elena Orecchini
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugia06132Italy
| | - Eleonora Panfili
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugia06132Italy
| | - Maria T. Pallotta
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugia06132Italy
| | - Alberto Massarotti
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversità degli Studi del Piemonte OrientaleLargo Donegani 228100NovaraItaly
| | - Marta Serafini
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversità degli Studi del Piemonte OrientaleLargo Donegani 228100NovaraItaly
- Current address: Department of ChemistryChemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Tracey Pirali
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversità degli Studi del Piemonte OrientaleLargo Donegani 228100NovaraItaly
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28
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Anderson JM, Measom ND, Murphy JA, Poole DL. Bridge Functionalisation of Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Anderson
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage Hertfordshire SG1 2NY UK
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry WestCHEM University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow Scotland G1 1XL UK
| | - Nicholas D. Measom
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage Hertfordshire SG1 2NY UK
| | - John A. Murphy
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry WestCHEM University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow Scotland G1 1XL UK
| | - Darren L. Poole
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage Hertfordshire SG1 2NY UK
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29
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Ripenko V, Vysochyn D, Klymov I, Zhersh S, Mykhailiuk PK. Large-Scale Synthesis and Modifications of Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,3-dicarboxylic Acid (BCP). J Org Chem 2021; 86:14061-14068. [PMID: 34166594 PMCID: PMC8524415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
![]()
In flow photochemical addition of propellane to
diacetyl allowed construction of the bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) core
in a 1 kg scale within 1 day. Haloform reaction of the formed diketone
in batch afforded bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid in a
multigram amount. Representative gram scale transformations of the
diacid were also performed to obtain various BCP-containing building
blocks—alcohols, acids, amines, trifluoroborates, amino acids, etc.—for medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasyl Ripenko
- Enamine Ltd., Chervonotkatska 78, 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Ivan Klymov
- Enamine Ltd., Chervonotkatska 78, 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Serhii Zhersh
- Enamine Ltd., Chervonotkatska 78, 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine
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30
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Subbaiah MAM, Meanwell NA. Bioisosteres of the Phenyl Ring: Recent Strategic Applications in Lead Optimization and Drug Design. J Med Chem 2021; 64:14046-14128. [PMID: 34591488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The benzene moiety is the most prevalent ring system in marketed drugs, underscoring its historic popularity in drug design either as a pharmacophore or as a scaffold that projects pharmacophoric elements. However, introspective analyses of medicinal chemistry practices at the beginning of the 21st century highlighted the indiscriminate deployment of phenyl rings as an important contributor to the poor physicochemical properties of advanced molecules, which limited their prospects of being developed into effective drugs. This Perspective deliberates on the design and applications of bioisosteric replacements for a phenyl ring that have provided practical solutions to a range of developability problems frequently encountered in lead optimization campaigns. While the effect of phenyl ring replacements on compound properties is contextual in nature, bioisosteric substitution can lead to enhanced potency, solubility, and metabolic stability while reducing lipophilicity, plasma protein binding, phospholipidosis potential, and inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes and the hERG channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugaiah A M Subbaiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biocon-Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development Centre, Biocon Park, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560099, India
| | - Nicholas A Meanwell
- Department of Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
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31
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Basran J, Booth ES, Campbell LP, Thackray SJ, Jesani MH, Clayden J, Moody PCE, Mowat CG, Kwon H, Raven EL. Binding of l-kynurenine to X. campestris tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 225:111604. [PMID: 34571402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The kynurenine pathway is the major route of tryptophan metabolism. The first step of this pathway is catalysed by one of two heme-dependent dioxygenase enzymes - tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) - leading initially to the formation of N-formylkynurenine (NFK). In this paper, we present a crystal structure of a bacterial TDO from X. campestris in complex with l-kynurenine, the hydrolysed product of NFK. l-kynurenine is bound at the active site in a similar location to the substrate (l-Trp). Hydrogen bonding interactions with Arg117 and the heme 7-propionate anchor the l-kynurenine molecule into the pocket. A mechanism for the hydrolysis of NFK in the active site is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaswir Basran
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Elizabeth S Booth
- Department of Chemistry, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Laura P Campbell
- EastChem School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Sarah J Thackray
- EastChem School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Mehul H Jesani
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Jonathan Clayden
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Peter C E Moody
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Christopher G Mowat
- EastChem School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Hanna Kwon
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.
| | - Emma L Raven
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.
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32
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Hopkins B, Zhang H, Bharathan I, Li D, Pu Q, Zhou H, Martinot TA, Fradera X, Lammens A, Lesburg CA, Cohen RD, Ballard J, Knemeyer I, Otte K, Vincent S, Miller JR, Solban N, Cheng M, Geda P, Smotrov N, Song X, Bennett DJ, Han Y. Utilization of Metabolite Identification and Structural Data to Guide Design of Low-Dose IDO1 Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:1435-1440. [PMID: 34531952 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein the discovery of potent IDO1 inhibitors with low predicted human dose is discussed. Metabolite identification (MetID) and structural data were used to strategically incorporate cyclopropane rings into this tetrahydronaphthyridine series of IDO1 inhibitors to improve their metabolic stability and potency. Enabling synthetic chemistry was developed to construct these unique fused cyclopropyl compounds, leading to inhibitors with improved pharmacokinetics and human whole blood potency and a predicted human oral dose as low as 9 mg once daily (QD).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alfred Lammens
- Proteros Biostructures GmbH, Bunsenstraße 7a, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | | | - Ryan D. Cohen
- Analytical Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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33
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Wei Y, Chen Z, Zhu C, Wu Z, Xu Y, Wu X. Radical Carbosulfonylation of Propellane: Synthesis of Sulfonyl β-Keto-bicyclo[1,1,1]pentanes. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1484-1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe construction of multiply functionalized bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCPs) is of high synthetic value, as they are frequently harnessed as bioisosteres of 1,3-disubstituted benzene rings, alkynes, and tert-butyl groups in medicinal chemistry. Herein, we disclose a practical radical-mediated carbosulfonylation of propellane for the synthesis of sulfonyl β-keto-substituted BCPs by using vinyl sulfonates as dual-function reagent. This protocol features broad functional group tolerance and excellent atom-economy, leading to a variety of valuable difunctionalized BCP derivatives under mild photochemical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University
| | - Zhiqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University
| | - Chen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Zhen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University
| | - Yaohui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University
| | - Xinxin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University
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34
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Hamilton MM, Mseeh F, McAfoos TJ, Leonard PG, Reyna NJ, Harris AL, Xu A, Han M, Soth MJ, Czako B, Theroff JP, Mandal PK, Burke JP, Virgin-Downey B, Petrocchi A, Pfaffinger D, Rogers NE, Parker CA, Yu SS, Jiang Y, Krapp S, Lammens A, Trevitt G, Tremblay MR, Mikule K, Wilcoxen K, Cross JB, Jones P, Marszalek JR, Lewis RT. Discovery of IACS-9779 and IACS-70465 as Potent Inhibitors Targeting Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) Apoenzyme. J Med Chem 2021; 64:11302-11329. [PMID: 34292726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), a heme-containing enzyme that mediates the rate-limiting step in the metabolism of l-tryptophan to kynurenine, has been widely explored as a potential immunotherapeutic target in oncology. We developed a class of inhibitors with a conformationally constrained bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane core. These potently inhibited IDO1 in a cellular context by binding to the apoenzyme, as elucidated by biochemical characterization and X-ray crystallography. A SKOV3 tumor model was instrumental in differentiating compounds, leading to the identification of IACS-9779 (62) and IACS-70465 (71). IACS-70465 has excellent cellular potency, a robust pharmacodynamic response, and in a human whole blood assay was more potent than linrodostat (BMS-986205). IACS-9779 with a predicted human efficacious once daily dose below 1 mg/kg to sustain >90% inhibition of IDO1 displayed an acceptable safety margin in rodent toxicology and dog cardiovascular studies to support advancement into preclinical safety evaluation for human development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M Hamilton
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Faika Mseeh
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Timothy J McAfoos
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Paul G Leonard
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Naphtali J Reyna
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Angela L Harris
- TRACTION (Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Alan Xu
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Michelle Han
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Michael J Soth
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Barbara Czako
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Jay P Theroff
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Pijus K Mandal
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Jason P Burke
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Brett Virgin-Downey
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Alessia Petrocchi
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Dana Pfaffinger
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Norma E Rogers
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Connor A Parker
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Simon S Yu
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Yongying Jiang
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Stephan Krapp
- Proteros Biostructures GmbH, Bunsenstr. 7a, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Alfred Lammens
- Proteros Biostructures GmbH, Bunsenstr. 7a, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Graham Trevitt
- XenoGesis Ltd, BioCity Nottingham, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG1 1GF, U.K
| | - Martin R Tremblay
- Tesaro Inc., 1000 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451 United States
| | - Keith Mikule
- Tesaro Inc., 1000 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451 United States
| | - Keith Wilcoxen
- Tesaro Inc., 1000 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451 United States
| | - Jason B Cross
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Philip Jones
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Joseph R Marszalek
- TRACTION (Translational Research to Advance Therapeutics and Innovation in Oncology), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Richard T Lewis
- IACS (Institute for Applied Cancer Science), University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
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35
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Le TP, Rončević I, Dračínský M, Císařová I, Šolínová V, Kašička V, Kaleta J. Polyhalogenated Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,3-dicarboxylic Acids. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10303-10319. [PMID: 34269057 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the highly selective radical chlorination of 2,2-difluorobicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid. Together with radical hydrodechlorination by TMS3SiH, four new bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane cages carrying two fluorine and one to three chlorine atoms in bridge positions have been obtained. The exact positions of all halogen atoms have been confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The acidity constants (pKa) for all new derivatives have been determined by capillary electrophoresis, and these experimental values show excellent agreement with pKas predicted by DFT methods. Extensive DFT calculations have been used to rationalize the selective formation of four out of nine possible F2Cl1-4 isomers of bridge-halogenated bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes and to obtain relative strain energies for all possible isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Phuong Le
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Rončević
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 12840 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Šolínová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kaleta
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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36
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Anderson JM, Measom ND, Murphy JA, Poole DL. Bridge Functionalisation of Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24754-24769. [PMID: 34151501 PMCID: PMC9291545 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
“Escaping from flatland”, by increasing the saturation level and three‐dimensionality of drug‐like compounds, can enhance their potency, selectivity and pharmacokinetic profile. One approach that has attracted considerable recent attention is the bioisosteric replacement of aromatic rings, internal alkynes and tert‐butyl groups with bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) units. While functionalisation of the tertiary bridgehead positions of BCP derivatives is well‐documented, functionalisation of the three concyclic secondary bridge positions remains an emerging field. The unique properties of the BCP core present considerable synthetic challenges to the development of such transformations. However, the bridge positions provide novel vectors for drug discovery and applications in materials science, providing entry to novel chemical and intellectual property space. This Minireview aims to consolidate the major advances in the field, serving as a useful reference to guide further work that is expected in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Anderson
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research CentreGunnels Wood RoadStevenageHertfordshireSG1 2NYUK
- Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryWestCHEMUniversity of Strathclyde295 Cathedral StreetGlasgowScotlandG1 1XLUK
| | - Nicholas D. Measom
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research CentreGunnels Wood RoadStevenageHertfordshireSG1 2NYUK
| | - John A. Murphy
- Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryWestCHEMUniversity of Strathclyde295 Cathedral StreetGlasgowScotlandG1 1XLUK
| | - Darren L. Poole
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research CentreGunnels Wood RoadStevenageHertfordshireSG1 2NYUK
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37
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Ratni H, Baumann K, Bellotti P, Cook XA, Green LG, Luebbers T, Reutlinger M, Stepan AF, Vifian W. Phenyl bioisosteres in medicinal chemistry: discovery of novel γ-secretase modulators as a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:758-766. [PMID: 34124674 PMCID: PMC8152580 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00043h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenyl rings are one of the most prevalent structural moieties in active pharmaceutical ingredients, even if they often contribute to poor physico-chemical properties. Herein, we propose the use of a bridged piperidine (BP) moiety as a phenyl bioisostere, which could also be seen as a superior phenyl alternative as it led to strongly improved drug like properties, in terms of solubility and lipophilicity. Additionally, this BP moiety compares favorably to the recently reported saturated phenyl bioisosteres. We applied this concept to our γ-secretase modulator (GSM) project for the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease delivering clinical candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ratni
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland (+41) 61 688 2748
| | - K Baumann
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland (+41) 61 688 2748
| | - P Bellotti
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland (+41) 61 688 2748
| | - X A Cook
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland (+41) 61 688 2748
| | - L G Green
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland (+41) 61 688 2748
| | - T Luebbers
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland (+41) 61 688 2748
| | - M Reutlinger
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland (+41) 61 688 2748
| | - A F Stepan
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland (+41) 61 688 2748
| | - W Vifian
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland (+41) 61 688 2748
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38
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Bauer MR, Di Fruscia P, Lucas SCC, Michaelides IN, Nelson JE, Storer RI, Whitehurst BC. Put a ring on it: application of small aliphatic rings in medicinal chemistry. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:448-471. [PMID: 33937776 PMCID: PMC8083977 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00370k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aliphatic three- and four-membered rings including cyclopropanes, cyclobutanes, oxetanes, azetidines and bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes have been increasingly exploited in medicinal chemistry for their beneficial physicochemical properties and applications as functional group bioisosteres. This review provides a historical perspective and comparative up to date overview of commonly applied small rings, exemplifying key principles with recent literature examples. In addition to describing the merits and advantages of each ring system, potential hazards and liabilities are also illustrated and explained, including any significant chemical or metabolic stability and toxicity risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias R Bauer
- Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Cambridge UK
| | - Paolo Di Fruscia
- Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Cambridge UK
| | - Simon C C Lucas
- Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Cambridge UK
| | | | - Jennifer E Nelson
- Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Cambridge UK
| | - R Ian Storer
- Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Cambridge UK
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39
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Li D, Deng Y, Achab A, Bharathan I, Hopkins BA, Yu W, Zhang H, Sanyal S, Pu Q, Zhou H, Liu K, Lim J, Fradera X, Lesburg CA, Lammens A, Martinot TA, Cohen RD, Doty AC, Ferguson H, Nickbarg EB, Cheng M, Spacciapoli P, Geda P, Song X, Smotrov N, Abeywickrema P, Andrews C, Chamberlin C, Mabrouk O, Curran P, Richards M, Saradjian P, Miller JR, Knemeyer I, Otte KM, Vincent S, Sciammetta N, Pasternak A, Bennett DJ, Han Y. Carbamate and N-Pyrimidine Mitigate Amide Hydrolysis: Structure-Based Drug Design of Tetrahydroquinoline IDO1 Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:389-396. [PMID: 33738066 PMCID: PMC7957919 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) has emerged as an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy. An automated ligand identification system screen afforded the tetrahydroquinoline class of novel IDO1 inhibitors. Potency and pharmacokinetic (PK) were key issues with this class of compounds. Structure-based drug design and strategic incorporation of polarity enabled the rapid improvement on potency, solubility, and oxidative metabolic stability. Metabolite identification studies revealed that amide hydrolysis in the D-pocket was the key clearance mechanism for this class. Strategic survey of amide isosteres revealed that carbamates and N-pyrimidines, which maintained exquisite potencies, mitigated the amide hydrolysis issue and led to an improved rat PK profile. The lead compound 28 is a potent IDO1 inhibitor, with clean off-target profiles and the potential for quaque die dosing in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derun Li
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yongqi Deng
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Abdelghani Achab
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Indu Bharathan
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Brett Andrew Hopkins
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Wensheng Yu
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Sulagna Sanyal
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Qinglin Pu
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hua Zhou
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Kun Liu
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Jongwon Lim
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xavier Fradera
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Charles A. Lesburg
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Alfred Lammens
- Proteros
Biostructures GmbH, Bunsenstraße 7a, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Theodore A. Martinot
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ryan D. Cohen
- Analytical
Research & Development, Merck &
Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065 United States
| | - Amy C. Doty
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Heidi Ferguson
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Elliott B. Nickbarg
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Mangeng Cheng
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Peter Spacciapoli
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Prasanthi Geda
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xuelei Song
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Nadya Smotrov
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Pravien Abeywickrema
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Christine Andrews
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Chad Chamberlin
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Omar Mabrouk
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Patrick Curran
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Matthew Richards
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Peter Saradjian
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - J. Richard Miller
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ian Knemeyer
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Karin M. Otte
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Stella Vincent
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Nunzio Sciammetta
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Alexander Pasternak
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - David Jonathan Bennett
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yongxin Han
- Departments of Discovery Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics,
and Drug Metabolism, Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Process Chemistry, Discovery Pharmaceutical
Science, and Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., 33 Avenue Louis
Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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40
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Kim GS, Jang JP, Kwon M, Oh TH, Heo KT, Lee B, Lee JS, Ko SK, Hong YS, Ahn JS, Jang JH. Jejucarbazoles A–C, carbazole glycosides with indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 inhibitory activity from Streptomyces sp. KCB15JA151. RSC Adv 2021; 11:19805-19812. [PMID: 35479225 PMCID: PMC9033820 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02895b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A bioassay-guided investigation led to the isolation of three new carbazole glycosides, jejucarbazoles A–C (1–3), from Streptomyces sp. KCB15JA151. Their planar structures were elucidated by detailed NMR and MS spectroscopic analysis with a literature study. Their relative and absolute configurations were established by ROESY correlations, coupling constants, LC-MS analysis of thiocarbamoyl-thiazolidine carboxylate derivatives, and ECD calculation. Compounds 1–3 showed indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 18.38, 9.17, and 8.81 μM. The molecular docking analysis suggested that all compounds act as heme-displacing inhibitors against IDO1 enzyme. This study presents the isolation and structure elucidation of jejucarbazoles A–C, isolated from Streptomyces sp. KCB15JA15 and their inhibitory effect and molecular docking analysis against the IDO1 enzyme.![]()
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41
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Pan S, Zhou Y, Wang Q, Wang Y, Tian C, Wang T, Huang L, Nan J, Li L, Yang S. Discovery and structure-activity relationship studies of 1-aryl-1H-naphtho[2,3-d][1,2,3]triazole-4,9-dione derivatives as potent dual inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and trytophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO). Eur J Med Chem 2020; 207:112703. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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42
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Feng X, Liao D, Liu D, Ping A, Li Z, Bian J. Development of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 Inhibitors for Cancer Therapy and Beyond: A Recent Perspective. J Med Chem 2020; 63:15115-15139. [PMID: 33215494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) has received increasing attention due to its immunosuppressive function in connection with various diseases, including cancer. A recent increase in the understanding of IDO1 has significantly contributed to the discovery of numerous novel inhibitors, but the latest clinical outcomes raised questions and have indicated a future direction of IDO1 inhibition for therapeutic approaches. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of IDO1, discussing the latest advances in understanding the IDO1 structure and mechanism, an overview of recent IDO1 inhibitor discoveries and potential therapeutic applications to provide helpful information for medicinal chemists investigating IDO1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Liao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, People's Republic of China
| | - An Ping
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlei Bian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211100, People's Republic of China
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