1
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van de L'Isle M, Croke S, Valero T, Unciti-Broceta A. Development of Biocompatible Cu(I)-Microdevices for Bioorthogonal Uncaging and Click Reactions. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400611. [PMID: 38512657 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed bioorthogonal reactions emerged a decade ago as a novel strategy to implement spatiotemporal control over enzymatic functions and pharmacological interventions. The use of this methodology in experimental therapy is driven by the ambition of improving the tolerability and PK properties of clinically-used therapeutic agents. The preclinical potential of bioorthogonal catalysis has been validated in vitro and in vivo with the in situ generation of a broad range of drugs, including cytotoxic agents, anti-inflammatory drugs and anxiolytics. In this article, we report our investigations towards the preparation of solid-supported Cu(I)-microdevices and their application in bioorthogonal uncaging and click reactions. A range of ligand-functionalized polymeric devices and off-on Cu(I)-sensitive sensors were developed and tested under conditions compatible with life. Last, we present a preliminary exploration of their use for the synthesis of PROTACs through CuAAC assembly of two heterofunctional mating units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa van de L'Isle
- Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Stephen Croke
- Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Teresa Valero
- Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
- Department of Medicinal & Organic Chemistry and Excellence Research Unit of Chemistry applied to Biomedicine and the Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Avda. Ilustración 114, 18016, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Asier Unciti-Broceta
- Edinburgh Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
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2
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Huang X, Lin R, Liu H, Dai M, Guo J, Hui W, Liu W, Haerken M, Zheng R, Yushanjiang T, Gao F. Resatorvid (TAK-242) Ameliorates Ulcerative Colitis by Modulating Macrophage Polarization and T Helper Cell Balance via TLR4/JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02028-z. [PMID: 38760646 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02028-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Resatorvid (TAK-242), a specific inhibitor of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), has attracted attention for its anti-inflammatory properties. Despite this, few studies have evaluated its effects on ulcerative colitis (UC). This study aimed to investigate the effects of TAK-242 on macrophage polarization and T helper cell balance and the mechanism by which it alleviates UC. Our findings indicated that TLR4 expression was elevated in patients with UC, a mouse model of UC, and HT29 cells undergoing an inflammatory response. TAK‑242 treatment reduced apoptosis in TNF-α and LPS-stimulated HT29 cells and alleviated symptoms of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‑induced colitis in vivo. TAK‑242 downregulated TLR4 expression and decreased the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β while enhancing IL-10 production. TAK-242 also reduced M1 macrophage polarization and diminished Th1 and Th17 cell infiltration while increasing Th2 cell infiltration and M2 macrophage polarization both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, TAK-242 inhibited the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, an important regulator of macrophage polarization and T helper cell balance. Furthermore, the in vivo and in vitro effects of TAK-242 were partially negated by the administration of the JAK2/STAT3 antagonist AG490, suggesting that TAK-242 inhibits the JAK2/STAT3 pathway to exert its biological activities. Taken together, this study underscores TAK-242 as a promising anti-UC agent, functioning by modulating macrophage polarization and T helper cell balance via the TLR4/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Rong Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Mengying Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jiejie Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wenjia Hui
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Milamuguli Haerken
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ruixue Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Tangnuer Yushanjiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, 830001, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
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3
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Huo K, Xu J, Wei M, Ma K, Wang J, Han J. Solasonine ameliorates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via suppressing TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and activating AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110862. [PMID: 37672972 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Solasonine (SS), the main active ingredient of Solanum nigrum L., has been reported to possess a variety of pharmacological properties. A recent study demonstrated a neuroprotective effect of SS in a mouse nerve injury model. However, its protective effects on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) remain to be elucidated. We investigated herein the in vitro and in vivo neuroprotective effects of SS. Primary hippocampal neurons were exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to construct an in vitro model while rats were treated with middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) to establish an in vivo CIRI model. The results showed that SS reduced OGD/R-induced inflammatory responses of neurons by blocking secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. Moreover, SS ameliorated OGD/R-induced oxidative stress in neurons by decreasing the level of ROS and MDA and increasing the activity of SOD and GPx. We also found that SS protected neurons from OGD/R-induced apoptosis by down-regulating bax and cleaved caspase-3 and up-regulating bcl-2. The in vivo results revealed that SS administration reduced the infarct volume and alleviated the neurological deficit of MCAO/R rats as well as diminished neuronal damages in these rats. Our investigation on the underlying mechanisms indicated that the neuroprotective effect of SS on CIRI may be associated with the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that SS ameliorates CIRI via suppressing TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and activating AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Huo
- Deartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, PR China; Center of Brain Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Meng Wei
- Deartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Kaige Ma
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Jianyi Wang
- Deartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Han
- Deartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
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4
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Zheng X, Zhao D, Jin Y, Liu Y, Liu D. Role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in gynecological disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115393. [PMID: 37660654 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is involved in the innate immune system and is a three-part macromolecular complex comprising the NLRP3 protein, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and the cysteine protease pro-caspase-1. When the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated, it can produce interleukin (IL)- 1β and IL-18 and eventually lead to inflammatory cell pyroptosis. Related studies have demonstrated that the NLRP3 inflammasome can induce an immune response and is related to the occurrence and development of gynecological diseases, such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome and breast cancer. NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors are beneficial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and tissue health and have been found effective in targeting some gynecological diseases. However, excessive inhibitor concentrations have been found to cause adverse effects. Therefore, proper control of NLRP3 inflammasome activity is critical. This paper summarizes the structure and function of the NLRP3 inflammasome and highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting it in gynecological diseases, such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome and breast cancer The application of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zheng
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Ye Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Acupuncture department,Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China.
| | - Da Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China.
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5
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Wan X, Zhang Y, Nie Y, Zhang K, Jin Z, Zhang Z, Gan L, Liu X, He J. A narrative review: progress in transition metal-mediated bioorthogonal catalysis for the treatment of solid tumors. Transl Cancer Res 2023; 12:2181-2196. [PMID: 37701121 PMCID: PMC10493806 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective Transition metals are commonly used catalysts in bioorthogonal chemistry and have attracted extensive attention in biochemistry because of their efficient catalytic performance. In recent years, transition metal-mediated cycloaddition reactions, bond cleavage, and formation reactions are being actively explored for tumor treatment. However, the direct application of transition metals in complex biological environments has several problems, including poor solubility, toxicity, and easy inactivation. The combination of transition metals and nanomaterials can solve those problems by playing a bioorthogonal catalytic role in tumor treatment. In this review, we summarize some research on the application of transition metals modified by nanomaterials in tumor therapy and discuss the potential and challenges of transition metal-mediated bioorthogonal therapy in comprehensive tumor therapy. Methods English literature on transition metal in cancer treatment was searched in PubMed and Web of Science. The main search terms were "cancer treatment", "bioorthogonal reaction", "transition metal", "bioorthogonal catalysis", etc. Key Content and Findings This review summarizes research on several major transition metals that can be used for bioorthogonal catalysis with the assistance of nanomaterials in anti-tumor therapy. In addition, bioorthogonal catalysis is a new supplement to antitumor therapy. We have compiled the potential challenges of the clinical application of transition metal-based nanocatalysts, which lays the foundation for future research related to medicinal chemistry and targeted cancer therapy. Conclusions Most of the transition metals still have a lot of room for exploration in cancer treatment research. We still need more research to confirm the feasibility of in vivo and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yueli Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Keyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ze Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lu Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jian He
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Department of Science and Education, The First People’s Hospital of Changde City, Changde, China
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6
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Pérez-López AM, Belsom A, Fiedler L, Xin X, Rappsilber J. Dual-Bioorthogonal Catalysis by a Palladium Peptide Complex. J Med Chem 2023; 66:3301-3311. [PMID: 36820649 PMCID: PMC10009749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Artificial metalloenzymes (ArMs) enrich bioorthogonal chemistry with new-to-nature reactions while limiting metal deactivation and toxicity. This enables biomedical applications such as activating therapeutics in situ. However, while combination therapies are becoming widespread anticancer treatments, dual catalysis by ArMs has not yet been shown. We present a heptapeptidic ArM with a novel peptide ligand carrying a methyl salicylate palladium complex. We observed that the peptide scaffold reduces metal toxicity while protecting the metal from deactivation by cellular components. Importantly, the peptide also improves catalysis, suggesting involvement in the catalytic reaction mechanism. Our work shows how a palladium-peptide homogeneous catalyst can simultaneously mediate two types of chemistry to synthesize anticancer drugs in human cells. Methyl salicylate palladium LLEYLKR peptide (2-Pd) succeeded to simultaneously produce paclitaxel by depropargylation, and linifanib by Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling in cell culture, thereby achieving combination therapy on non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Pérez-López
- Chair of Bioanalytics, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany.,Si-M/"Der Simulierte Mensch", a Science Framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité─Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Adam Belsom
- Chair of Bioanalytics, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany.,Si-M/"Der Simulierte Mensch", a Science Framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité─Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Linus Fiedler
- Chair of Bioanalytics, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany.,Si-M/"Der Simulierte Mensch", a Science Framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité─Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaoyi Xin
- Chair of Bioanalytics, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany.,Si-M/"Der Simulierte Mensch", a Science Framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité─Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Juri Rappsilber
- Chair of Bioanalytics, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany.,Si-M/"Der Simulierte Mensch", a Science Framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité─Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany.,Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, U.K
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7
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Sathyan A, Deng L, Loman T, Palmans AR. Bio-orthogonal catalysis in complex media: Consequences of using polymeric scaffold materials on catalyst stability and activity. Catal Today 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2023.114116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
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8
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Rubio-Ruiz B, Pérez-López AM, Uson L, Ortega-Liebana MC, Valero T, Arruebo M, Hueso JL, Sebastian V, Santamaria J, Unciti-Broceta A. In Cellulo Bioorthogonal Catalysis by Encapsulated AuPd Nanoalloys: Overcoming Intracellular Deactivation. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:804-811. [PMID: 36648322 PMCID: PMC9912372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal metallocatalysis has opened up a xenobiotic route to perform nonenzymatic catalytic transformations in living settings. Despite their promising features, most metals are deactivated inside cells by a myriad of reactive biomolecules, including biogenic thiols, thereby limiting the catalytic functioning of these abiotic reagents. Here we report the development of cytocompatible alloyed AuPd nanoparticles with the capacity to elicit bioorthogonal depropargylations with high efficiency in biological media. We also show that the intracellular catalytic performance of these nanoalloys is significantly enhanced by protecting them following two different encapsulation methods. Encapsulation in mesoporous silica nanorods resulted in augmented catalyst reactivity, whereas the use of a biodegradable PLGA matrix increased nanoalloy delivery across the cell membrane. The functional potential of encapsulated AuPd was demonstrated by releasing the potent chemotherapy drug paclitaxel inside cancer cells. Nanoalloy encapsulation provides a novel methodology to develop nanoreactors capable of mediating new-to-life reactions in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Rubio-Ruiz
- Edinburgh
Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, U.K.
- Department
of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry and Unit of Excellence in Chemistry
Applied to Biomedicine and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus
Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- GENYO,
Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avda. Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana M. Pérez-López
- Edinburgh
Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, U.K.
- TU
Berlin, Institut für
Biotechnologie, Aufgang
17-1, Level 4, Raum 472, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Uson
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technologies, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M. Carmen Ortega-Liebana
- Edinburgh
Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, U.K.
- Department
of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry and Unit of Excellence in Chemistry
Applied to Biomedicine and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus
Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- GENYO,
Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avda. Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Teresa Valero
- Edinburgh
Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, U.K.
- Department
of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry and Unit of Excellence in Chemistry
Applied to Biomedicine and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus
Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- GENYO,
Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avda. Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Arruebo
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technologies, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Networking
Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-
BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose L. Hueso
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technologies, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Networking
Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-
BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Sebastian
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technologies, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Networking
Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-
BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Santamaria
- Instituto
de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technologies, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Networking
Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-
BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Asier Unciti-Broceta
- Edinburgh
Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, U.K.
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9
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Kostyo J, Lallande AT, Sells CA, Shuda MR, Kane RR. Sulfonamide Prodrugs with a Two-Stage Release Mechanism for the Efficient Delivery of the TLR4 Antagonist TAK-242. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:110-115. [PMID: 36660224 PMCID: PMC9841982 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the potent TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 could be covalently conjugated to pancreatic islets using a linker that afforded an effective sustained delivery of the active drug after transplant. This drug-eluting tissue achieved local inhibition of TLR4-linked inflammation and proved beneficial to the islet graft survival. Here, we describe a new family of prodrugs with a modular design featuring a self-immolative para-aminobenzyl spacer bonded directly to the TAK-242 sulfonamide nitrogen, a tether for bioconjugation, and a β-eliminative arylsulfone "trigger". The inclusion of the para-aminobenzyl spacer affords a more stable prodrug which exhibits complex drug-release kinetics due to a two-stage release mechanism. This manuscript reports the preparation and characterization of several TAK-242 prodrugs fitted with different triggers and linkers and demonstrates that these second-generation prodrugs effectively release TAK-242 while avoiding nonproductive sulfonamide hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica
H. Kostyo
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas76798, United States
| | - Avery T. Lallande
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas76798, United States
| | - Chloë A. Sells
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas76798, United States
| | - Mina R. Shuda
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas76798, United States
| | - Robert R. Kane
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas76798, United States
- Institute
of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, Texas76798, United States
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10
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Zhang Y, Liang X, Bao X, Xiao W, Chen G. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibitors: Current research and prospective. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 235:114291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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11
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Adam C, Bray TL, Pérez-López AM, Tan EH, Rubio-Ruiz B, Baillache DJ, Houston DR, Salji MJ, Leung HY, Unciti-Broceta A. A 5-FU Precursor Designed to Evade Anabolic and Catabolic Drug Pathways and Activated by Pd Chemistry In Vitro and In Vivo. J Med Chem 2022; 65:552-561. [PMID: 34979089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an antineoplastic antimetabolite that is widely administered to cancer patients by bolus injection, especially to those suffering from colorectal and pancreatic cancer. Because of its suboptimal route of administration and dose-limiting toxicities, diverse 5-FU prodrugs have been developed to confer oral bioavailability and increase the safety profile of 5-FU chemotherapy regimens. Our contribution to this goal is presented herein with the development of a novel palladium-activated prodrug designed to evade the metabolic machinery responsible for 5-FU anabolic activation and catabolic processing. The new prodrug is completely innocuous to cells and highly resistant to metabolization by primary hepatocytes and liver S9 fractions (the main metabolic route for 5-FU degradation), whereas it is rapidly converted into 5-FU in the presence of a palladium (Pd) source. In vivo pharmokinetic analysis shows the prodrug is rapidly and completely absorbed after oral administration and exhibits a longer half-life than 5-FU. In vivo efficacy studies in a xenograft colon cancer model served to prove, for the first time, that orally administered prodrugs can be locally converted to active drugs by intratumorally inserted Pd implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Adam
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, U.K
| | - Thomas L Bray
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, U.K
| | - Ana M Pérez-López
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, U.K
| | - Ee Hong Tan
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, U.K.,Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, U.K
| | - Belén Rubio-Ruiz
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, U.K
| | - Daniel J Baillache
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, U.K
| | - Douglas R Houston
- Institute of Quantitative Biology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, U.K
| | - Mark J Salji
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, U.K.,Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, U.K
| | - Hing Y Leung
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, U.K.,Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, U.K
| | - Asier Unciti-Broceta
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Edinburgh, U.K
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12
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Ortega‐Liebana MC, Porter NJ, Adam C, Valero T, Hamilton L, Sieger D, Becker CG, Unciti‐Broceta A. Truly-Biocompatible Gold Catalysis Enables Vivo-Orthogonal Intra-CNS Release of Anxiolytics. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 134:e202111461. [PMID: 38505566 PMCID: PMC10946786 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Being recognized as the best-tolerated of all metals, the catalytic potential of gold (Au) has thus far been hindered by the ubiquitous presence of thiols in organisms. Herein we report the development of a truly-catalytic Au-polymer composite by assembling ultrasmall Au-nanoparticles at the protein-repelling outer layer of a co-polymer scaffold via electrostatic loading. Illustrating the in vivo-compatibility of the novel catalysts, we show their capacity to uncage the anxiolytic agent fluoxetine at the central nervous system (CNS) of developing zebrafish, influencing their swim pattern. This bioorthogonal strategy has enabled -for the first time- modification of cognitive activity by releasing a neuroactive agent directly in the brain of an animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Carmen Ortega‐Liebana
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh CentreInstitute of Genetics & CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH4 2XUUK
| | - Nicola J. Porter
- Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesThe Chancellor's BuildingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH16 4SBUK
| | - Catherine Adam
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh CentreInstitute of Genetics & CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH4 2XUUK
| | - Teresa Valero
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh CentreInstitute of Genetics & CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH4 2XUUK
| | - Lloyd Hamilton
- Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesThe Chancellor's BuildingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH16 4SBUK
| | - Dirk Sieger
- Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesThe Chancellor's BuildingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH16 4SBUK
| | - Catherina G. Becker
- Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesThe Chancellor's BuildingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH16 4SBUK
- Center for Regenerative TherapiesTechnische Universität Dresden01307DresdenGermany
| | - Asier Unciti‐Broceta
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh CentreInstitute of Genetics & CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH4 2XUUK
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13
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Ortega‐Liebana MC, Porter NJ, Adam C, Valero T, Hamilton L, Sieger D, Becker CG, Unciti‐Broceta A. Truly-Biocompatible Gold Catalysis Enables Vivo-Orthogonal Intra-CNS Release of Anxiolytics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202111461. [PMID: 34730266 PMCID: PMC9299494 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Being recognized as the best-tolerated of all metals, the catalytic potential of gold (Au) has thus far been hindered by the ubiquitous presence of thiols in organisms. Herein we report the development of a truly-catalytic Au-polymer composite by assembling ultrasmall Au-nanoparticles at the protein-repelling outer layer of a co-polymer scaffold via electrostatic loading. Illustrating the in vivo-compatibility of the novel catalysts, we show their capacity to uncage the anxiolytic agent fluoxetine at the central nervous system (CNS) of developing zebrafish, influencing their swim pattern. This bioorthogonal strategy has enabled -for the first time- modification of cognitive activity by releasing a neuroactive agent directly in the brain of an animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Carmen Ortega‐Liebana
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh CentreInstitute of Genetics & CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH4 2XUUK
| | - Nicola J. Porter
- Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesThe Chancellor's BuildingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH16 4SBUK
| | - Catherine Adam
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh CentreInstitute of Genetics & CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH4 2XUUK
| | - Teresa Valero
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh CentreInstitute of Genetics & CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH4 2XUUK
| | - Lloyd Hamilton
- Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesThe Chancellor's BuildingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH16 4SBUK
| | - Dirk Sieger
- Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesThe Chancellor's BuildingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH16 4SBUK
| | - Catherina G. Becker
- Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesThe Chancellor's BuildingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH16 4SBUK
- Center for Regenerative TherapiesTechnische Universität Dresden01307DresdenGermany
| | - Asier Unciti‐Broceta
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh CentreInstitute of Genetics & CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH4 2XUUK
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14
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Lozhkin B, Ward TR. Bioorthogonal strategies for the in vivo synthesis or release of drugs. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 45:116310. [PMID: 34365101 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The site-specific delivery of antitumor agents is a rapidly developing field that relies on prodrug activation and uncaging strategies. For this purpose, a wide range of homogeneous and heterogeneous biocompatible activators/catalysts have been developed to convert caged drugs with low toxicity and high stability in physiological settings into active substances in a bioorthogonal manner. The current methods allow for the site-specific delivery of activators and prodrugs to organelles, target cells, or tumors in living organisms. Here, we present an overview of the latest advances in catalytic drugs, highlighting the expanding toolbox of bioorthogonal activation strategies made possible by transition metals acting as activators or catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Lozhkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, Biopark Rosental, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas R Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, Biopark Rosental, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
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15
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Miller S, Blanco MJ. Small molecule therapeutics for neuroinflammation-mediated neurodegenerative disorders. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:871-886. [PMID: 34223157 PMCID: PMC8221257 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00036e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronically activated microglia and the resulting cascade of neuroinflammatory mechanisms have been postulated to play a critical role in neurodegenerative disorders. Microglia are the main component of the brain's innate immune system and become activated by infection, injury, misfolded proteins or a multitude of other stimuli. Activated microglia release pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic factors that can damage neurons and transform astrocytes to become toxic to neurons as well. Therapeutic approaches aiming to modulate microglia activation may be beneficial to mitigate the progression of inflammatory-mediated neurodegenerative diseases. In this literature review, we provide an overview of recent progress on key microglia targets and discovery of small molecule compounds advancing in clinical trials to minimize neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Miller
- Sage Therapeutics, Inc. 215 First Street Cambridge Massachusetts 02142 USA
| | - Maria-Jesus Blanco
- Sage Therapeutics, Inc. 215 First Street Cambridge Massachusetts 02142 USA
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16
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Plunk MA, Quintana JM, Darden CM, Lawrence MC, Naziruddin B, Kane RR. Design and Catalyzed Activation of Mycophenolic Acid Prodrugs. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:812-816. [PMID: 34055230 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycophenolic acid (MPA) and its morpholino ester prodrug mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) are widely used in solid organ transplantation. These drugs prevent rejection due to their potent inhibition of inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), an enzyme vital for lymphocyte proliferation. As a strategy to provide localized immunosuppression in cell transplantation, four mycophenolic acid prodrugs designed to release MPA by two distinct mechanisms were synthesized and characterized. A nitrobenzyl ether prodrug was effectively converted to MPA upon exposure to bacterial nitroreductase, while a propargyl ether was converted to the active drug by immobilized Pd0 nanoparticles. In vitro, both prodrugs were inactive against IMPDH and exhibited reduced toxicity relative to the active drug, suggesting their potential for providing localized immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Plunk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76706, United States
| | - Jeremy M. Quintana
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76706, United States
| | - Carly M. Darden
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76706, United States
| | - Michael C. Lawrence
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76706, United States
- Islet Cell Laboratory, Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas 75204, United States
| | - Bashoo Naziruddin
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76706, United States
- Baylor Simmons Transplant Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75204, United States
| | - Robert R. Kane
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76706, United States
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76706, United States
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17
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van de L'Isle MON, Ortega-Liebana MC, Unciti-Broceta A. Transition metal catalysts for the bioorthogonal synthesis of bioactive agents. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 61:32-42. [PMID: 33147552 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of abiotic transition metal catalysis into the chemical biology space has significantly expanded the tool kit of bioorthogonal chemistries accessible for cell culture and in vivo applications. A rich variety of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts has shown functional compatibility with physiological conditions and biostability in complex environs, enabling their exploitation as extracellular or intracellular factories of bioactive agents. Current trends in the field are focusing on investigating new metals and sophisticated catalytic devices and toward more applied activities, such as the integration of subcellular, cell- and site-targeting capabilities or the exploration of novel biomedical applications. We present herein an overview of the latest advances in the field, highlighting the increasing role of transition metals for the controlled release of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa O N van de L'Isle
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Mari Carmen Ortega-Liebana
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Asier Unciti-Broceta
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK.
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18
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Federico S, Pozzetti L, Papa A, Carullo G, Gemma S, Butini S, Campiani G, Relitti N. Modulation of the Innate Immune Response by Targeting Toll-like Receptors: A Perspective on Their Agonists and Antagonists. J Med Chem 2020; 63:13466-13513. [PMID: 32845153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damaged-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and they are involved in the regulation of innate immune system. These transmembrane receptors, localized at the cellular or endosomal membrane, trigger inflammatory processes through either myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) or TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF) signaling pathways. In the last decades, extensive research has been performed on TLR modulators and their therapeutic implication under several pathological conditions, spanning from infections to cancer, from metabolic disorders to neurodegeneration and autoimmune diseases. This Perspective will highlight the recent discoveries in this field, emphasizing the role of TLRs in different diseases and the therapeutic effect of their natural and synthetic modulators, and it will discuss insights for the future exploitation of TLR modulators in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Federico
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Luca Pozzetti
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Papa
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Gabriele Carullo
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Sandra Gemma
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefania Butini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campiani
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Nicola Relitti
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
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19
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Pérez-López AM, Rubio-Ruiz B, Valero T, Contreras-Montoya R, Álvarez de Cienfuegos L, Sebastián V, Santamaría J, Unciti-Broceta A. Bioorthogonal Uncaging of Cytotoxic Paclitaxel through Pd Nanosheet-Hydrogel Frameworks. J Med Chem 2020; 63:9650-9659. [PMID: 32787091 PMCID: PMC7497487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The promising potential of bioorthogonal catalysis in biomedicine is inspiring incremental efforts to design strategies that regulate drug activity in living systems. To achieve this, it is not only essential to develop customized inactive prodrugs and biocompatible metal catalysts but also the right physical environment for them to interact and enable drug production under spatial and/or temporal control. Toward this goal, here, we report the first inactive precursor of the potent broad-spectrum anticancer drug paclitaxel (a.k.a. Taxol) that is stable in cell culture and labile to Pd catalysts. This new prodrug is effectively uncaged in cancer cell culture by Pd nanosheets captured within agarose and alginate hydrogels, providing a biodegradable catalytic framework to achieve controlled release of one of the most important chemotherapy drugs in medical practice. The compatibility of bioorthogonal catalysis and physical hydrogels opens up new opportunities to administer and modulate the mobility of transition metal catalysts in living environs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Pérez-López
- Cancer
Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular
Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, U.K.
| | - Belén Rubio-Ruiz
- Cancer
Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular
Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, U.K.
| | - Teresa Valero
- Cancer
Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular
Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, U.K.
| | - Rafael Contreras-Montoya
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, Granada 18002, Spain
| | - Luis Álvarez de Cienfuegos
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, Granada 18002, Spain
| | - Víctor Sebastián
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology; Instituto de
Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
- Networking
Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-
BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Jesús Santamaría
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology; Instituto de
Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
- Networking
Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-
BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Asier Unciti-Broceta
- Cancer
Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular
Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, U.K.
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20
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Cavalli E, Bramanti A, Ciurleo R, Tchorbanov AI, Giordano A, Fagone P, Belizna C, Bramanti P, Shoenfeld Y, Nicoletti F. Entangling COVID-19 associated thrombosis into a secondary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: Diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives (Review). Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:903-912. [PMID: 32588061 PMCID: PMC7388827 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel β coronavirus that is the etiological agent of the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that at the time of writing (June 16, 2020) has infected almost 6 million people with some 450,000 deaths. These numbers are still rising daily. Most (some 80%) cases of COVID-19 infection are asymptomatic, a substantial number of cases (15%) require hospitalization and an additional fraction of patients (5%) need recovery in intensive care units. Mortality for COVID-19 infection appears to occur globally between 0.1 and 0.5% of infected patients although the frequency of lethality is significantly augmented in the elderly and in patients with other comorbidities. The development of acute respiratory distress syndrome and episodes of thromboembolism that may lead to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) represent the primary causes of lethality during COVID-19 infection. Increasing evidence suggests that thrombotic diathesis is due to multiple derangements of the coagulation system including marked elevation of D-dimer that correlate negatively with survival. We propose here that the thromboembolic events and eventually the development of DIC provoked by SARS-CoV-2 infection may represent a secondary anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome (APS). We will apply both Baconian inductivism and Cartesian deductivism to prove that secondary APS is likely responsible for coagulopathy during the course of COVID-19 infection. Diagnostic and therapeutic implications of this are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Cavalli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Rosella Ciurleo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi 'Bonino‑Pulejo', I-98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Andrey I Tchorbanov
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Belizna
- Vascular and Coagulation Department, University Hospital Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | | | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Affiliated to Tel‑Aviv University, Ramat Gan 5265601, Israel
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
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