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Tang S, Xie X, Li L, Zhou L, Xing Y, Chen Y, Cai K, Li F, Zhang J. High fidelity detection of miRNAs from complex physiological samples through electrochemical nanosensors empowered by proximity catalysis and magnetic separation. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 260:116435. [PMID: 38820724 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical detection of miRNA biomarkers in complex physiological samples holds great promise for accurate evaluation of tumor burden in the perioperative period, yet limited by reproducibility and bias issues. Here, nanosensors installed with hybrid probes that responsively release catalytic DNAzymes (G-quadruplexes/hemin) were developed to solve the fidelity challenge in an immobilization-free detection. miRNA targets triggered toehold-mediated strand displacement reactions on the sensor surface and resulted in amplified shedding of DNAzymes. Subsequently, the interference background was removed by Fe3O4 core-facilitated magnetic separation. Binding aptamers of the electrochemical reporter (dopamine) were tethered closely to the catalytic units for boosting H2O2-mediated oxidation through proximity catalysis. The one-to-many conversion by dual amplification from biological-chemical catalysis facilitated sufficient homogeneous sensing signals on electrodes. Thereby, the nanosensor exhibited a low detection limit (2.08 fM), and high reproducibility (relative standard deviation of 1.99%). Most importantly, smaller variations (RSD of 0.51-1.04%) of quantified miRNAs were observed for detection from cell lysates, multiplexed detection from unprocessed serum, and successful discrimination of small upregulations in lysates of tumor tissue samples. The nanosensor showed superior diagnostic performance with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.97 and 94% accuracy in classifying breast cancer patients and healthy donors. These findings demonstrated the synergy of signal amplification and interference removal in achieving high-fidelity miRNA detection for practical clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xiyue Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Luoli Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yuxin Xing
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yuhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Jixi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing, 400044, China.
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Yang Z, Zhou J, Liu F, Chai Y, Zhang P, Yuan R. CsPbBr 3 Perovskite Quantum Dots Encapsulated by a Polymer Matrix for Ultrasensitive Dynamic Imaging of Intracellular MicroRNA. Anal Chem 2024; 96:10738-10747. [PMID: 38898770 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Herein, CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots (CPB PQDs)@poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) (CPB@PMMA) nanospheres were used as energy donors with high Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) efficiency and exceptional biocompatibility for ultrasensitive dynamic imaging of tiny amounts of microRNAs in living cells. Impressively, compared with traditional homogeneous single QDs as energy donors, CPB@PMMA obtained by encapsulating numerous CPB PQDs into PMMA as energy donors could not only significantly increase the efficiency of FRET via improving the local concentration of CPB PQDs but also distinctly avoid the problem of cytotoxicity caused by divulged heavy metal ions entering living cells. Most importantly, in the presence of target miRNA-21, DNA dendrimer-like nanostructures labeled with 6-carboxy-tetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA) were generated by the exposed tether interhybridization of the Y-shape structure, which could wrap around the surface of CPB@PMMA nanospheres to remarkably bridge the distance of FRET and increase the opportunity for effective energy transfer, resulting in excellent precision and accuracy for ultrasensitive and dynamic imaging of miRNAs. As proof of concept, the proposed strategy exhibited ultrahigh sensitivity with a detection limit of 45.3 aM and distinctly distinguished drug-irritative miRNA concentration abnormalities with living cells. Hence, the proposed enzyme-free CPB@PMMA biosensor provides convincing evidence for supplying accurate information, which could be expected to be a powerful tool for bioanalysis, diagnosis, and prognosis of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezhou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yaqin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Pu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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Li S, Wang W, Liu W, Chen C, Shephard S, Yuan F, Reinhart JM, Diel D, Cunningham BT, Fang Y. Digital Immunoassay for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Broad Spectrum of Animals. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.21.600129. [PMID: 38979300 PMCID: PMC11230178 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.21.600129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The ability of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to infect a wide-range of species raises significant concerns regarding both human-to-animal and animal-to-human transmission. There is an increasing demand for highly sensitive, rapid, and simple diagnostic assays that can detect viral infection across various species. In this study, we developed a biosensor assay that adapted a monoclonal-antibody (mAb)-based blocking ELISA format into an Activate Capture + Digital Counting (AC + DC)-based immunoassay. The assay employs a photonic crystal (PC) biosensor, gold-nanoparticle (AuNP) tags, SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein, and specific anti-N mAb to detect antibody responses in animals exposed with SARS-CoV-2. We demonstrated a simple 2-step 15-min test that was capable of detecting as low as 12.5 ng of antibody in controlled standard serum samples. Based on an evaluation of 176 cat serum samples with known antibody status, an optimal percentage of inhibition (PI) cut-off value of 0.588 resulted in a diagnostic sensitivity of 98.3% and a diagnostic specificity of 96.5%. The test is highly repeatable with low variation coefficients of 2.04%, 2.73%, and 4.87% across different runs, within a single run, and on a single chip, respectively. The test was further employed to detect antibody responses in multiple animal species as well as investigate dynamics of antibody response in experimentally infected cats. This test platform provides an important tool for rapid field surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 infection across multiple species.
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Zhu C. Structural strategy for advancing nonlinear optical effects in 1D-[MX 2] ∞ chains: internal distortion and atomic types. RSC Adv 2024; 14:16886-16897. [PMID: 38799216 PMCID: PMC11123619 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01791a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to alleviate the limitations of existing mid-infrared nonlinear-optics (MIR-NLO) crystals by conducting theoretical research on 1D-[MX2]∞ (1D = one-dimensional; M = metallic element; X = anionic element) structures in relation to NLO. An analysis was conducted on the electronic structure and optical properties of six selenides (BaZnGeSe4, KxBa1-x/2Ga2Se4, KxBa1-x/2GayIn2-ySe4, KxBa1-x/2In2Se4, BaZnSiSe4, SrZnSiSe4) and three arsenides (Cs2SnAs2, Rb2SnAs2, K2SnAs2) using first principles. Afterwards, the inherent characteristics of these 1D-[MX2]∞ chains were further examined. The calculation results suggest that the presence of internal distortion (non-centrosymmetric) and high electronegativity in M elements can greatly enhance the NLO capability of 1D-[MX2]∞ structures. Furthermore, the first-ever prediction of K2SnAs2's NLO ability has been made. Ultimately, the establishment of a theoretical structure (K2BaSn2As4) provides guidance for the subsequent creation of high-performance MIR-NLO crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyi Zhu
- Shanghai Compulsory Verification Center for Measuring Instrument, Shanghai Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology Shanghai 200233 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
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Han Z, Ali W, Mao T, Wang F, Wang X. Magnetoplasmonic gold nanorods for the sensitive and label-free detection of glutathione. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:4670-4674. [PMID: 37705783 PMCID: PMC10496891 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00396e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
This work exploits the magneto-optical activity of gold nanorods for the detection of sub-micromolar concentrations of glutathione using magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy. Modulations of the magnetoplasmonic response of nanorods serve as the basis of the sensing methodology, whereby the presence of glutathione induces the end-to-end assembly of nanorods. In particular, the nanorod self-assembly enables a localized electric field in the nanocavities with adsorbed thiol molecules, whose field strength is amplified by the external magnetic field as confirmed by finite-element modeling, enabling their high-sensitivity detection. Our simple magnetoplasmonic sensor for glutathione requires no specific chemical tags and exhibits an impressive limit of detection of 97 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexiang Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Wajid Ali
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 P. R. China
| | - Ting Mao
- Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Fei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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Han Y, Zhou J, Liu F, Ouyang Y, Yuan R, Chai YQ. pH-Stimulated Self-Locked DNA Nanostructure for the Effective Discrimination of Cancer Cells and Simultaneous Detection and Imaging of Endogenous Dual-MicroRNAs. Anal Chem 2023; 95:12754-12760. [PMID: 37590171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a pH-stimulated self-locked DNA nanostructure (SLDN) was developed to efficiently distinguish cancer cells from other cells for the simultaneous detection and imaging of endogenous dual-microRNAs (miRNAs). Impressively, the SLDN was specifically unlocked in the acidic environment of cancer cells to form unlocked-SLDN to disengage the i-motif sequence with a labeled fluorophore for the recovery of a fluorescence signal, resulting in the differentiation of cancer cells from normal cells. Meanwhile, unlocked-SLDN could combine and recognize the targets miRNA-21 and miRNA-155 simultaneously to trigger the hybridization chain reaction (HCR) amplification for sensitive dual-miRNA detection, with detection limits of 1.46 pM for miRNA-21 and 0.72 pM for miRNA-155. Significantly, compared with the current miRNA imaging strategy based on the traditional DNA nanostructure, the strategy proposed here remarkably eliminates the interference of normal cells to achieve high-resolution colocation imaging of miRNAs in tumor cells with an ultralow background signal. This work provided a specific differentiation method for tumor cells to materialize sensitive biomarker detection and distinguishable high-definition live-cell imaging for precise cancer diagnosis and multifactor research of tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Han
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yu Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
- The Institute of Chemistry, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Qin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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Wang X, Shepherd S, Li N, Che C, Song T, Xiong Y, Palm IR, Zhao B, Kohli M, Demirci U, Lu Y, Cunningham BT. A Target Recycling Amplification Process for the Digital Detection of Exosomal MicroRNAs through Photonic Resonator Absorption Microscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217932. [PMID: 36622783 PMCID: PMC10073263 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have considerable potential as pivotal biomarkers to monitor cancer development, dis-ease progression, treatment effects and prognosis. Here, we report an efficient target recycling amplification process (TRAP) for the digital detection of miRNAs using photonic resonator absorption microscopy. We achieve multiplex digital detection with sub-attomolar sensitivity in 20 minutes, robust selectivity for single nucleotide variants, and a broad dynamic range from 1 aM to 1 pM. Compared with traditional qRT-PCR, TRAP showed similar accuracy in profiling exosomal miRNAs derived from cancer cells, but also exhibited at least 31-fold and 61-fold enhancement in the limits of miRNA-375 and miRNA-21 detection, respectively. The TRAP approach is ideal for exosomal or circulating miRNA biomarker quantification, where the miRNAs are present in low concentrations or sample volume, with potentials for frequent, low-cost, and minimally invasive point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wang
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Bioengineering, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Skye Shepherd
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Bioengineering, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Nantao Li
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Bioengineering, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Congnyu Che
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Bioengineering, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Tingjie Song
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Bioengineering, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Yanyu Xiong
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Bioengineering, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Isabella Rose Palm
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Bioengineering, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Bin Zhao
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Bioengineering, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Manish Kohli
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 12902, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Yi Lu
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Bioengineering, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Brian T. Cunningham
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Bioengineering, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Natalia A, Zhang L, Sundah NR, Zhang Y, Shao H. Analytical device miniaturization for the detection of circulating biomarkers. NATURE REVIEWS BIOENGINEERING 2023; 1:1-18. [PMID: 37359772 PMCID: PMC10064972 DOI: 10.1038/s44222-023-00050-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Diverse (sub)cellular materials are secreted by cells into the systemic circulation at different stages of disease progression. These circulating biomarkers include whole cells, such as circulating tumour cells, subcellular extracellular vesicles and cell-free factors such as DNA, RNA and proteins. The biophysical and biomolecular state of circulating biomarkers carry a rich repertoire of molecular information that can be captured in the form of liquid biopsies for disease detection and monitoring. In this Review, we discuss miniaturized platforms that allow the minimally invasive and rapid detection and analysis of circulating biomarkers, accounting for their differences in size, concentration and molecular composition. We examine differently scaled materials and devices that can enrich, measure and analyse specific circulating biomarkers, outlining their distinct detection challenges. Finally, we highlight emerging opportunities in biomarker and device integration and provide key future milestones for their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auginia Natalia
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Noah R. Sundah
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Huilin Shao
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Xiong Y, Shepherd S, Tibbs J, Bacon A, Liu W, Akin LD, Ayupova T, Bhaskar S, Cunningham BT. Photonic Crystal Enhanced Fluorescence: A Review on Design Strategies and Applications. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:668. [PMID: 36985075 PMCID: PMC10059769 DOI: 10.3390/mi14030668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale fluorescence emitters are efficient for measuring biomolecular interactions, but their utility for applications requiring single-unit observations is constrained by the need for large numerical aperture objectives, fluorescence intermittency, and poor photon collection efficiency resulting from omnidirectional emission. Photonic crystal (PC) structures hold promise to address the aforementioned challenges in fluorescence enhancement. In this review, we provide a broad overview of PCs by explaining their structures, design strategies, fabrication techniques, and sensing principles. Furthermore, we discuss recent applications of PC-enhanced fluorescence-based biosensors incorporated with emerging technologies, including nucleic acids sensing, protein detection, and steroid monitoring. Finally, we discuss current challenges associated with PC-enhanced fluorescence and provide an outlook for fluorescence enhancement with photonic-plasmonics coupling and their promise for point-of-care biosensing as well monitoring analytes of biological and environmental relevance. The review presents the transdisciplinary applications of PCs in the broad arena of fluorescence spectroscopy with broad applications in photo-plasmonics, life science research, materials chemistry, cancer diagnostics, and internet of things.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Xiong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Skye Shepherd
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Joseph Tibbs
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Amanda Bacon
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Weinan Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Lucas D. Akin
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Takhmina Ayupova
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Seemesh Bhaskar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Brian T. Cunningham
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Bhaskar S. Biosensing Technologies: A Focus Review on Recent Advancements in Surface Plasmon Coupled Emission. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:mi14030574. [PMID: 36984981 PMCID: PMC10054051 DOI: 10.3390/mi14030574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, novel nano-engineering protocols have been actively synergized with fluorescence spectroscopic techniques to yield higher intensity from radiating dipoles, through the process termed plasmon-enhanced fluorescence (PEF). Consequently, the limit of detection of analytes of interest has been dramatically improvised on account of higher sensitivity rendered by augmented fluorescence signals. Recently, metallic thin films sustaining surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) have been creatively hybridized with such PEF platforms to realize a substantial upsurge in the global collection efficiency in a judicious technology termed surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE). While the process parameters and conditions to realize optimum coupling efficiency between the radiating dipoles and the plasmon polaritons in SPCE framework have been extensively discussed, the utility of disruptive nano-engineering over the SPCE platform and analogous interfaces such as 'ferroplasmon-on-mirror (FPoM)' as well as an alternative technology termed 'photonic crystal-coupled emission (PCCE)' have been seldom reviewed. In light of these observations, in this focus review, the myriad nano-engineering protocols developed over the SPCE, FPoM and PCCE platform are succinctly captured, presenting an emphasis on the recently developed cryosoret nano-assembly technology for photo-plasmonic hotspot generation (first to fourth). These technologies and associated sensing platforms are expected to ameliorate the current biosensing modalities with better understanding of the biophysicochemical processes and related outcomes at advanced micro-nano-interfaces. This review is hence envisaged to present a broad overview of the latest developments in SPCE substrate design and development for interdisciplinary applications that are of relevance in environmental as well as biological heath monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seemesh Bhaskar
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory (HMNTL), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Dey S, Dolci M, Zijlstra P. Single-Molecule Optical Biosensing: Recent Advances and Future Challenges. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2023; 3:143-156. [PMID: 36968450 PMCID: PMC10037498 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.2c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the sensitivity and specificity of optical sensors has improved tremendously due to improvements in biochemical functionalization protocols and optical detection systems. As a result, single-molecule sensitivity has been reported in a range of biosensing assay formats. In this Perspective, we summarize optical sensors that achieve single-molecule sensitivity in direct label-free assays, sandwich assays, and competitive assays. We describe the advantages and disadvantages of single-molecule assays and summarize future challenges in the field including their optical miniaturization and integration, multimodal sensing capabilities, accessible time scales, and compatibility with real-life matrices such as biological fluids. We conclude by highlighting the possible application areas of optical single-molecule sensors that include not only healthcare but also the monitoring of the environment and industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayandipta Dey
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Eindhoven Hendrik Casimir Institute, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Mathias Dolci
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Eindhoven Hendrik Casimir Institute, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Zijlstra
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Eindhoven Hendrik Casimir Institute, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
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12
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Zhao Y, Dong B, Benkstein KD, Chen L, Steffens KL, Semancik S. Deep Learning Image Analysis of Nanoplasmonic Sensors: Toward Medical Breath Monitoring. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:54411-54422. [PMID: 36418023 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sensing biomarkers in exhaled breath offers a potentially portable, cost-effective, and noninvasive strategy for disease diagnosis screening and monitoring, while high sensitivity, wide sensing range, and target specificity are critical challenges. We demonstrate a deep learning-assisted plasmonic sensing platform that can detect and quantify gas-phase biomarkers in breath-related backgrounds of varying complexity. The sensing interface consisted of Au/SiO2 nanopillars covered with a 15 nm metal-organic framework. A small camera was utilized to capture the plasmonic sensing responses as images, which were subjected to deep learning signal processing. The approach has been demonstrated at a classification accuracy of 95 to 98% for the diabetic ketosis marker acetone within a concentration range of 0.5-80 μmol/mol. The reported work provides a thorough exploration of single-sensor capabilities and sets the basis for more advanced utilization of artificial intelligence in sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhao
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland20899, United States
- Sensing Labs, Inc., Rockville, Maryland20850, United States
| | - Boqun Dong
- Sensing Labs, Inc., Rockville, Maryland20850, United States
| | - Kurt D Benkstein
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland20899, United States
| | - Lei Chen
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland20899, United States
| | - Kristen L Steffens
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland20899, United States
| | - Steve Semancik
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland20899, United States
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Liu X, Zhen Y, Ye N, Zhang L. Label-free microRNA detection using a locked-to-unlocked transforming system assembled by microfluidics. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:4984-4994. [PMID: 36426714 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00911k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a potential biomarker for the early screening and diagnosis of cancers and is widely present in human blood, urine and saliva. Here, we report a microfluidics-assembled tool for miRNA detection based on the regulation of DNA locked and unlocked states and explore its application in complex samples. Microfluidic techniques are used to continuously assemble the locked-to-unlocked transforming system using a rapid one-step method. It only takes 2 min to produce enough locked-to-unlocked systems for a miRNA detection experiment. DNA molecules with a recognition sequence and a G-rich reporter sequence (G4m) are locked by attaching both ends to the surface of magnetic beads (MBs) in microchannels. The presence of the target miRNA can initiate the specific cleavage of one end of G4m by duplex-specific nuclease, resulting in the transition of G4m from a locked state to an unlocked state. This transition enables G4m to freely fold into a G-quadruplex, which can participate in the catalysis of ABTS oxidation and result in a turquoise color. During the whole process, the target miRNA remains intact and continuously initiate specific cleavage, facilitating signal amplification. Magnetic separation steps are employed to assist in miRNA enrichment and interference reduction. As a proof of concept, we quantified miRNA-21 using the locked-to-unlocked system. The assay allows specific detection of miRNA-21 in the range of 3.2-570 pM with a detection limit of 2.01 pM (S/N = 3). Furthermore, the locked-to-unlocked system is used to analyze miRNA-spiked urine, saliva and serum samples and shows robust performance in different matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuting Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China.
| | - Yi Zhen
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China.
| | - Nengsheng Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China.
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China.
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Role of Nano-miRNAs in Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126836. [PMID: 35743278 PMCID: PMC9223810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are key regulators of gene expression, controlling different biological processes such as cellular development, differentiation, proliferation, metabolism, and apoptosis. The relationships between miRNA expression and the onset and progression of different diseases, such as tumours, cardiovascular and rheumatic diseases, and neurological disorders, are well known. A nanotechnology-based approach could match miRNA delivery and detection to move beyond the proof-of-concept stage. Different kinds of nanotechnologies can have a major impact on the diagnosis and treatment of miRNA-related diseases such as cancer. Developing novel methodologies aimed at clinical practice represents a big challenge for the early diagnosis of specific diseases. Within this context, nanotechnology represents a wide emerging area at the forefront of research over the last two decades, whose potential has yet to be fully attained. Nanomedicine, derived from nanotechnology, can exploit the unique properties of nanometer-sized particles for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Through nanomedicine, specific treatment to counteract only cancer-cell proliferation will be improved, while leaving healthy cells intact. In this review, we dissect the properties of different nanocarriers and their roles in the early detection and treatment of cancer.
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