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Won SY, Singhmar R, Sahoo S, Kim H, Kim CM, Choi SM, Sood A, Han SS. Fabrication of albumin-Ti 3C 2 MXene quantum dots-based nanohybrids for breast cancer imaging and synergistic photo/chemotherapeutics. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 245:114207. [PMID: 39243706 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Advancement in the development of new materials with theranostic and phototherapeutic potential along with receptiveness to external stimuli has been persistently inspiring oncology research. Herein, titanium carbide-based MXene quantum dots (FHMQDs) have been synthesized and modified to take advantage of stimuli-responsive behavior and target specificity for breast cancer cells. With a size of around 3 nm, the developed FHMQDs demonstrate high fluorescent emission at around 460 nm. With ∼90 % encapsulation efficiency of doxorubicin (DOX), the developed system also offers rapid DOX release behavior when encountering an acidic pH (5.4). Further, the in vitro assessment of the developed FHMQDs on MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cells presents excellent target specificity to cancer cells which was reflected by its high cytotoxicity against cancer cells. Additionally, the outstanding photodynamic efficiency of FHMQDs due to excessive Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generating ability along with apoptosis promoting capability of FHMQDs in cancer cells demonstrates a synergistic approach in cancer theranostics. Encouragingly, the fabricated FHMQDs also exhibited fluorescent labelling and bioimaging capacity which makes it an incredible platform that ensures theranostic excellence in breast cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Won
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Ritu Singhmar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Sumanta Sahoo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Hongmi Kim
- Core Research Support Centre for Natural Products and Medical Materials, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Chul Min Kim
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, 33 Dongjin-ro, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
| | - Soon Mo Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Ankur Sood
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea.
| | - Sung Soo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea.
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2
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Hasanzadeh A, Ebadati A, Saeedi S, Kamali B, Noori H, Jamei B, Hamblin MR, Liu Y, Karimi M. Nucleic acid-responsive smart systems for controlled cargo delivery. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 74:108393. [PMID: 38825215 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Stimulus-responsive delivery systems allow controlled, highly regulated, and efficient delivery of various cargos while minimizing side effects. Owing to the unique properties of nucleic acids, including the ability to adopt complex structures by base pairing, their easy synthesis, high specificity, shape memory, and configurability, they have been employed in autonomous molecular motors, logic circuits, reconfigurable nanoplatforms, and catalytic amplifiers. Moreover, the development of nucleic acid (NA)-responsive intelligent delivery vehicles is a rapidly growing field. These vehicles have attracted much attention in recent years due to their programmable, controllable, and reversible properties. In this work, we review several types of NA-responsive controlled delivery vehicles based on locks and keys, including DNA/RNA-responsive, aptamer-responsive, and CRISPR-responsive, and summarize their advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Hasanzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arefeh Ebadati
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced, Merced, USA
| | - Sara Saeedi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Kamali
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Noori
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnam Jamei
- Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Yong Liu
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Mahdi Karimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran; Research Center for Science and Technology in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Applied Biotechnology Research Centre, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Zhang Y, Lei F, Qian W, Zhang C, Wang Q, Liu C, Ji H, Liu Z, Wang F. Designing intelligent bioorthogonal nanozymes: Recent advances of stimuli-responsive catalytic systems for biomedical applications. J Control Release 2024; 373:929-951. [PMID: 39097195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal nanozymes have emerged as a potent tool in biomedicine due to their unique ability to perform enzymatic reactions that do not interfere with native biochemical processes. The integration of stimuli-responsive mechanisms into these nanozymes has further expanded their potential, allowing for controlled activation and targeted delivery. As such, intelligent bioorthogonal nanozymes have received more and more attention in developing therapeutic approaches. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in the development and application of stimuli-responsive bioorthogonal nanozymes. By summarizing the design outlines for anchoring bioorthogonal nanozymes with stimuli-responsive capability, this review seeks to offer valuable insights and guidance for the rational design of these remarkable materials. This review highlights the significant progress made in this exciting field with different types of stimuli and the various applications. Additionally, it also examines the current challenges and limitations in the design, synthesis, and application of these systems, and proposes potential solutions and research directions. This review aims to stimulate further research toward the development of more efficient and versatile stimuli-responsive bioorthogonal nanozymes for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Fang Lei
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Wanlong Qian
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Chengfeng Zhang
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Haiwei Ji
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Zhengwei Liu
- Precision Immunology Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, USA.
| | - Faming Wang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
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4
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Yu J, Li C, Zhang W, Li Y, Miao W, Huang H. Photodynamic black phosphorus nanosheets functionalized with polymyxin B for targeted ablation of drug-resistant mixed-species biofilms. J Control Release 2024; 372:795-809. [PMID: 38960150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Biofilms, particularly those formed by multiple bacterial species, pose significant economic and environmental challenges, especially in the context of medical implants. Addressing the urgent need for effective treatment strategies that do not exacerbate drug resistance, we developed a novel nanoformulation, Ce6&PMb@BPN, based on black phosphorus nanosheets (BPN) for targeted treatment of mixed-species biofilms formed by Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).The formulation leverages polymyxin B (PMb) for bacterial targeting and chlorin e6 (Ce6) for photodynamic action. Upon near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, Ce6&PMb@BPN efficiently eliminates biofilms by combining chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), reducing biofilm biomass significantly within 30 min. In vivo studies on mice infected with mixed-species biofilm-coated catheters demonstrated the formulation's potent antibacterial and biofilm ablation effects. Moreover, comprehensive biosafety evaluations confirmed the excellent biocompatibility of Ce6&PMb@BPN. Taken together, this intelligently designed nanoformulation holds potential for effectively treating biofilm-associated infections, addressing the urgent need for strategies to combat antibiotic-resistant biofilms, particularly mixed-species biofilm, in medical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Chenhui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Weipeng Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Wenjun Miao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China.
| | - He Huang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
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5
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Zeroug-Metz L, Lee S. Biodynamers: applications of dynamic covalent chemistry in single-chain polymer nanoparticles. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01665-z. [PMID: 39009930 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01665-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Dynamic Covalent Chemistry (DCC) enables the development of responsive molecular systems through the integration of reversible bonds at the molecular level. These systems are thermodynamically stable and capable of undergoing various molecular assemblies and transformations, allowing them to adapt to changes in environmental conditions like temperature and pH. Introducing DCC into the field of polymer science has led to the design of Single-Chain Nanoparticles (SCNPs), which are formed by self-folding via intramolecular crosslinking mechanisms. Defined by their adaptability, SCNPs mimic biopolymers in size and functionality. Biodynamers, a subclass of SCNPs, are specifically designed for their stimuli-responsive and tunable, dynamic properties. Mimicking complex biological structures, their scope of application includes target-specific and pH-responsive drug delivery, enhanced cellular uptake and endosomal escape. In this manuscript, we discuss the integration of DCC for the design of SCNPs, focusing particularly on the characteristics of biodynamers and their biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. By underlining their potential, we highlight the factors driving the growing interest in SCNPs, providing an overview of recent developments and future perspectives in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Zeroug-Metz
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus C 4.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sangeun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus C 4.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E 8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
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6
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Bassani CL, van Anders G, Banin U, Baranov D, Chen Q, Dijkstra M, Dimitriyev MS, Efrati E, Faraudo J, Gang O, Gaston N, Golestanian R, Guerrero-Garcia GI, Gruenwald M, Haji-Akbari A, Ibáñez M, Karg M, Kraus T, Lee B, Van Lehn RC, Macfarlane RJ, Mognetti BM, Nikoubashman A, Osat S, Prezhdo OV, Rotskoff GM, Saiz L, Shi AC, Skrabalak S, Smalyukh II, Tagliazucchi M, Talapin DV, Tkachenko AV, Tretiak S, Vaknin D, Widmer-Cooper A, Wong GCL, Ye X, Zhou S, Rabani E, Engel M, Travesset A. Nanocrystal Assemblies: Current Advances and Open Problems. ACS NANO 2024; 18:14791-14840. [PMID: 38814908 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
We explore the potential of nanocrystals (a term used equivalently to nanoparticles) as building blocks for nanomaterials, and the current advances and open challenges for fundamental science developments and applications. Nanocrystal assemblies are inherently multiscale, and the generation of revolutionary material properties requires a precise understanding of the relationship between structure and function, the former being determined by classical effects and the latter often by quantum effects. With an emphasis on theory and computation, we discuss challenges that hamper current assembly strategies and to what extent nanocrystal assemblies represent thermodynamic equilibrium or kinetically trapped metastable states. We also examine dynamic effects and optimization of assembly protocols. Finally, we discuss promising material functions and examples of their realization with nanocrystal assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos L Bassani
- Institute for Multiscale Simulation, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Greg van Anders
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Uri Banin
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Dmitry Baranov
- Division of Chemical Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Qian Chen
- University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Marjolein Dijkstra
- Soft Condensed Matter & Biophysics, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael S Dimitriyev
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Efi Efrati
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Jordi Faraudo
- Institut de Ciencia de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oleg Gang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Nicola Gaston
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Physics, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Ramin Golestanian
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (MPI-DS), 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK
| | - G Ivan Guerrero-Garcia
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, 78295 San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Michael Gruenwald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Amir Haji-Akbari
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Maria Ibáñez
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Matthias Karg
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Kraus
- INM - Leibniz-Institute for New Materials, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Saarland University, Colloid and Interface Chemistry, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Byeongdu Lee
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Reid C Van Lehn
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53717, USA
| | - Robert J Macfarlane
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Bortolo M Mognetti
- Center for Nonlinear Phenomena and Complex Systems, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arash Nikoubashman
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Saeed Osat
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (MPI-DS), 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Grant M Rotskoff
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Leonor Saiz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - An-Chang Shi
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Sara Skrabalak
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Ivan I Smalyukh
- Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima City 739-0046, Japan
| | - Mario Tagliazucchi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1428 Argentina
| | - Dmitri V Talapin
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Alexei V Tkachenko
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division and Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - David Vaknin
- Iowa State University and Ames Lab, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Asaph Widmer-Cooper
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Gerard C L Wong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xingchen Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Shan Zhou
- Department of Nanoscience and Biomedical Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - Eran Rabani
- Department of Chemistry, University of California and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center of Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Michael Engel
- Institute for Multiscale Simulation, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alex Travesset
- Iowa State University and Ames Lab, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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Liu J, Cabral H, Mi P. Nanocarriers address intracellular barriers for efficient drug delivery, overcoming drug resistance, subcellular targeting and controlled release. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115239. [PMID: 38437916 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The cellular barriers are major bottlenecks for bioactive compounds entering into cells to accomplish their biological functions, which limits their biomedical applications. Nanocarriers have demonstrated high potential and benefits for encapsulating bioactive compounds and efficiently delivering them into target cells by overcoming a cascade of intracellular barriers to achieve desirable therapeutic and diagnostic effects. In this review, we introduce the cellular barriers ahead of drug delivery and nanocarriers, as well as summarize recent advances and strategies of nanocarriers for increasing internalization with cells, promoting intracellular trafficking, overcoming drug resistance, targeting subcellular locations and controlled drug release. Lastly, the future perspectives of nanocarriers for intracellular drug delivery are discussed, which mainly focus on potential challenges and future directions. Our review presents an overview of intracellular drug delivery by nanocarriers, which may encourage the future development of nanocarriers for efficient and precision drug delivery into a wide range of cells and subcellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Peng Mi
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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Muñoz J. Rational Design of Stimuli-Responsive Inorganic 2D Materials via Molecular Engineering: Toward Molecule-Programmable Nanoelectronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305546. [PMID: 37906953 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The ability of electronic devices to act as switches makes digital information processing possible. Succeeding graphene, emerging inorganic 2D materials (i2DMs) have been identified as alternative 2D materials to harbor a variety of active molecular components to move the current silicon-based semiconductor technology forward to a post-Moore era focused on molecule-based information processing components. In this regard, i2DMs benefits are not only for their prominent physiochemical properties (e.g., the existence of bandgap), but also for their high surface-to-volume ratio rich in reactive sites. Nonetheless, since this field is still in an early stage, having knowledge of both i) the different strategies for molecularly functionalizing the current library of i2DMs, and ii) the different types of active molecular components is a sine qua non condition for a rational design of stimuli-responsive i2DMs capable of performing logical operations at the molecular level. Consequently, this Review provides a comprehensive tutorial for covalently anchoring ad hoc molecular components-as active units triggered by different external inputs-onto pivotal i2DMs to assess their role in the expanding field of molecule-programmable nanoelectronics for electrically monitoring bistable molecular switches. Limitations, challenges, and future perspectives of this emerging field which crosses materials chemistry with computation are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Muñoz
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
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9
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Gong Z, Peng S, Cao J, Tan H, Zhao H, Bai J. Advances in the variations and biomedical applications of stimuli-responsive nanodrug delivery systems. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:132001. [PMID: 38198449 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad170b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is an important cancer treatment modality, but the clinical utility of chemotherapeutics is limited by their toxic side effects, inadequate distribution and insufficient intracellular concentrations. Nanodrug delivery systems (NDDSs) have shown significant advantages in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Variable NDDSs that respond to endogenous and exogenous triggers have attracted much research interest. Here, we summarized nanomaterials commonly used for tumor therapy, such as peptides, liposomes, and carbon nanotubes, as well as the responses of NDDSs to pH, enzymes, magnetic fields, light, and multiple stimuli. Specifically, well-designed NDDSs can change in size or morphology or rupture when induced by one or more stimuli. The varying responses of NDDSs to stimulation contribute to the molecular design and development of novel NDDSs, providing new ideas for improving drug penetration and accumulation, inhibiting tumor resistance and metastasis, and enhancing immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongying Gong
- College of Economics and Management, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Peng
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Cao
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Haining Tan
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- College of Economics and Management, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingkun Bai
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
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10
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Zhang L, Wang Z, Zhang R, Yang H, Wang WJ, Zhao Y, He W, Qiu Z, Wang D, Xiong Y, Zhao Z, Tang BZ. Multi-Stimuli-Responsive and Cell Membrane Camouflaged Aggregation-Induced Emission Nanogels for Precise Chemo-photothermal Synergistic Therapy of Tumors. ACS NANO 2023; 17:25205-25221. [PMID: 38091262 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Targeted and controllable drug release at lesion sites with the aid of visual navigation in real-time is of great significance for precise theranostics of cancers. Benefiting from the marvelous features (e.g., bright emission and phototheranostic effects in aggregates) of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) materials, constructing AIE-based multifunctional nanocarriers that act as all-arounders to integrate multimodalities for precise theranostics is highly desirable. Here, an intelligent nanoplatform (P-TN-Dox@CM) with homologous targeting, controllable drug release, and in vivo dual-modal imaging for precise chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy is proposed. AIE photothermic agent (TN) and anticancer drug (Dox) are encapsulated in thermo-/pH-responsive nanogels (PNA), and the tumor cell membranes are camouflaged onto the surface of nanogels. Active targeting can be realized through homologous effects derived from source tumor cell membranes, which advantageously elevates the specific drug delivery to tumor sites. After being engulfed into tumor cells, the nanogels exhibit a burst drug release at low pH. The near-infrared (NIR) photoinduced local hyperthermia can activate severe cytotoxicity and further accelerate drug release, thus generating enhanced synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy to thoroughly eradicate tumors. Moreover, P-TN-Dox@CM nanogels could achieve NIR-fluorescence/photothermal dual-modal imaging to monitor the dynamic distribution of therapeutics in real-time. This work highlights the great potential of smart P-TN-Dox@CM nanogels as a versatile nanoplatform to integrate multimodalities for precise chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy in combating cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhang
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong 518172, P. R. China
| | - Zaiyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Rongyuan Zhang
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong 518172, P. R. China
| | - Han Yang
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong 518172, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jin Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong 518172, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong 518172, P. R. China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zijie Qiu
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong 518172, P. R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong 518172, P. R. China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, South Area Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, P. R. China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong 518172, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
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11
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Li Y, Liu SB, Ni W, Gurzadyan GG, Wu Y, Wang J, Kuang GC, Jiang W. Near-Infrared BODIPY Photosensitizer for Modulating Mitochondrial Fusion Proteins and Inhibiting Choroidal Neovascularization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:48027-48037. [PMID: 37812497 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Photosensitizers have emerged as cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) activators in photodynamic therapy (PDT), which induced cell apoptosis. As the major contributors to ROS and oxidative stress, mitochondria play an important role in cell apoptosis. Although there are many reports about near-infrared 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) as photosensitizers (PSs) for PDT, this kind of PS has rarely been used for treating mitochondrial function and choroidal neovascularization application at the same time. Herein, a novel near-infrared PS (BDP2) characterized by good water solubility, long wavelength excitation, and high ROS quantum yield has been made. Under near-infrared light irradiation, BDP2 would generate ROS with high yield, induce a mitochondrial morphology change, and trigger cell apoptosis by changing the fusion protein level. Deep investigation revealed that BDP2 can cause oxidative stress, break the balance between fusion and fission of mitochondrial dynamics protein through decreasing fusion protein MFN2 and OPA1 expression, and finally cause cell apoptosis. Due to these characteristics, the BDP2 PS was used to treat choroidal neovascularization in animal models and can inhibit neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, The People's Republic of China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha 410011, Hunan, The People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Yuelu District, Changsha 410083, Hunan, The People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Ni
- Institute of Artificial Photosynthesis, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, The People's Republic of China
| | - Gagik G Gurzadyan
- Institute of Artificial Photosynthesis, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yongquan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, The People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, The People's Republic of China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha 410011, Hunan, The People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Chao Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Yuelu District, Changsha 410083, Hunan, The People's Republic of China
| | - Wenmin Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, The People's Republic of China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha 410011, Hunan, The People's Republic of China
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12
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Fernandes DA. Liposomes for Cancer Theranostics. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2448. [PMID: 37896208 PMCID: PMC10610083 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most well-studied diseases and there have been significant advancements over the last few decades in understanding its molecular and cellular mechanisms. Although the current treatments (e.g., chemotherapy, radiotherapy, gene therapy and immunotherapy) have provided complete cancer remission for many patients, cancer still remains one of the most common causes of death in the world. The main reasons for the poor response rates for different cancers include the lack of drug specificity, drug resistance and toxic side effects (i.e., in healthy tissues). For addressing the limitations of conventional cancer treatments, nanotechnology has shown to be an important field for constructing different nanoparticles for destroying cancer cells. Due to their size (i.e., less than 1 μm), nanoparticles can deliver significant amounts of cancer drugs to tumors and are able to carry moieties (e.g., folate, peptides) for targeting specific types of cancer cells (i.e., through receptor-mediated endocytosis). Liposomes, composed of phospholipids and an interior aqueous core, can be used as specialized delivery vehicles as they can load different types of cancer therapy agents (e.g., drugs, photosensitizers, genetic material). In addition, the ability to load imaging agents (e.g., fluorophores, radioisotopes, MRI contrast media) enable these nanoparticles to be used for monitoring the progress of treatment. This review examines a wide variety of different liposomes for cancer theranostics, with the different available treatments (e.g., photothermal, photodynamic) and imaging modalities discussed for different cancers.
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Bo Z, Han W, Zhao H, Liu H, Liang T, Li L, Peng T, Li Y, Gui C. Development of a sensitive LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of theranostic agent cypate in mouse plasma and application to a pharmacokinetic study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1227:123809. [PMID: 37413828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Cypate, a heptamethine cyanine dye, is a prototypic near-infrared (NIR) theranostic agent for optical imaging and photothermal therapy. In the present study, a selective, sensitive, and rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the quantitation of cypate in mouse plasma. The chromatographic separation was achieved using a short C18 column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 5 μm) with a run time of 5 min. The MS was operated in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode via positive electrospray ionization. The ion transitions for cypate and internal standard IR-820 were m/z 626.3 → 596.3 and m/z 827.4 → 330.2, respectively. The method was linear over a concentration range of 1.0-500 ng/mL. The within-run and between-run precision was less than 14.4% with accuracy in the range of -13.4% ∼ 9.8%. The validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of cypate in mice following intravenous administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyue Bo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wanjun Han
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Haoyue Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Han Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ting Liang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lanjing Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Taotao Peng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chunshan Gui
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China.
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14
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Zheng Y, Liu Y, Wu Z, Peng C, Wang Z, Yan J, Yan Y, Li Z, Liu C, Xue J, Tan H, Fu Q, Ding M. Photoallosteric Polymersomes toward On-Demand Drug Delivery and Multimodal Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210986. [PMID: 36852633 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Allosteric transitions can modulate the self-assembly and biological function of proteins. It remains, however, tremendously challenging to design synthetic allosteric polymeric assemblies with spatiotemporally switchable hierarchical structures and functionalities. Here, a photoallosteric polymersome is constructed that undergoes a rapid conformational transition from β-sheet to α-helix upon exposure to near-infrared light irradiation. In addition to improving nanoparticle cell penetration and lysosome escape, photoinduced allosteric behavior reconstructs the vesicular membrane structure, which stimulates the release of hydrophilic cytolytic peptide melittin and hydrophobic kinase inhibitor sorafenib. Combining on-demand delivery of multiple therapeutics with phototherapy results in apoptosis and immunogenic death of tumor cells, remold the immune microenvironment and achieve an excellent synergistic anticancer efficacy in vivo without tumor recurrence and metastasis. Such a light-modulated allosteric transition in non-photosensitive polymers provides new insight into the development of smart nanomaterials for biosensing and drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zhongchao Wu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chuan Peng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zuojie Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jingyue Yan
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yue Yan
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zifen Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Congcong Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jianxin Xue
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Hong Tan
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Mingming Ding
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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15
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Lin G, Zhou J, Cheng H, Liu G. Smart Nanosystems for Overcoming Multiple Biological Barriers in Cancer Nanomedicines Transport: Design Principles, Progress, and Challenges. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2207973. [PMID: 36971279 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of smart nanosystems, which could overcome diverse biological barriers of nanomedicine transport, has received intense scientific interest in improving the therapeutic efficacies of traditional nanomedicines. However, the reported nanosystems generally hold disparate structures and functions, and the knowledge of involved biological barriers is usually scattered. There is an imperative need for a summary of biological barriers and how these smart nanosystems conquer biological barriers, to guide the rational design of the new-generation nanomedicines. This review starts from the discussion of major biological barriers existing in nanomedicine transport, including blood circulation, tumoral accumulation and penetration, cellular uptake, drug release, and response. Design principles and recent progress of smart nanosystems in overcoming the biological barriers are overviewed. The designated physicochemical properties of nanosystems can dictate their functions in biological environments, such as protein absorption inhibition, tumor accumulation, penetration, cellular internalization, endosomal escape, and controlled release, as well as modulation of tumor cells and their resident tumor microenvironment. The challenges facing smart nanosystems on the road heading to clinical approval are discussed, followed by the proposals that could further advance the nanomedicine field. It is expected that this review will provide guidelines for the rational design of the new-generation nanomedicines for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Jiajing Zhou
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Hongwei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
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Herrera SE, Agazzi ML, Apuzzo E, Cortez ML, Marmisollé WA, Tagliazucchi M, Azzaroni O. Polyelectrolyte-multivalent molecule complexes: physicochemical properties and applications. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2013-2041. [PMID: 36811333 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01507b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The complexation of polyelectrolytes with other oppositely charged structures gives rise to a great variety of functional materials with potential applications in a wide spectrum of technological fields. Depending on the assembly conditions, polyelectrolyte complexes can acquire different macroscopic configurations such as dense precipitates, nanosized colloids and liquid coacervates. In the past 50 years, much progress has been achieved to understand the principles behind the phase separation induced by the interaction of two oppositely charged polyelectrolytes in aqueous solutions, especially for symmetric systems (systems in which both polyions have similar molecular weight and concentration). However, in recent years, the complexation of polyelectrolytes with alternative building blocks such as small charged molecules (multivalent inorganic species, oligopeptides, and oligoamines, among others) has gained attention in different areas. In this review, we discuss the physicochemical characteristics of the complexes formed by polyelectrolytes and multivalent small molecules, putting a special emphasis on their similarities with the well-known polycation-polyanion complexes. In addition, we analyze the potential of these complexes to act as versatile functional platforms in various technological fields, such as biomedicine and advanced materials engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago E Herrera
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, INQUIMAE, CONICET. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina.
| | - Maximiliano L Agazzi
- Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), (UNRC, CONICET), Ruta Nacional 36 KM 601, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina.
| | - Eugenia Apuzzo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), (UNLP, CONICET), Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - M Lorena Cortez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), (UNLP, CONICET), Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Waldemar A Marmisollé
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), (UNLP, CONICET), Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Mario Tagliazucchi
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, INQUIMAE, CONICET. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina.
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), (UNLP, CONICET), Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
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He B, Yang Q. Recent Development of LDL-Based Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 16:ph16010018. [PMID: 36678515 PMCID: PMC9863478 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), a natural lipoprotein transporting cholesterol in the circulatory system, has been a possible drug carrier for targeted delivery. LDL can bind to the LDL receptor (LDLR) with its outside apolipoprotein B-100 and then enter the cell via LDLR-mediated endocytosis. This targeting function inspires researchers to modify LDL to deliver different therapeutic drugs. Drugs can be loaded in the surficial phospholipids, hydrophobic core, or apolipoprotein for the structure of LDL. In addition, LDL-like synthetic nanoparticles carrying therapeutic drugs are also under investigation for the scarcity of natural LDL. In addition to being a carrier, LDL can also be a targeting molecule, decorated to the surface of synthetic nanoparticles loaded with cytotoxic compounds. This review summarizes the properties of LDL and the different kinds of LDL-based delivery nanoparticles, their loading strategies, and the achievements of the recent anti-tumor advancement.
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Hong T, Shen X, Syeda MZ, Zhang Y, Sheng H, Zhou Y, Xu J, Zhu C, Li H, Gu Z, Tang L. Recent advances of bioresponsive polymeric nanomedicine for cancer therapy. NANO RESEARCH 2022; 16:2660-2671. [PMID: 36405982 PMCID: PMC9664041 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-5002-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A bioresponsive polymeric nanocarrier for drug delivery is able to alter its physical and physicochemical properties in response to a variety of biological signals and pathological changes, and can exert its therapeutic efficacy within a confined space. These nanosystems can optimize the biodistribution and subcellular location of therapeutics by exploiting the differences in biochemical properties between tumors and normal tissues. Moreover, bioresponsive polymer-based nanosystems could be rationally designed as precision therapeutic platforms by optimizing the combination of responsive elements and therapeutic components according to the patient-specific disease type and stage. In this review, recent advances in smart bioresponsive polymeric nanosystems for cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy will be summarized. We mainly discuss three categories, including acidity-sensitive, redox-responsive, and enzyme-triggered polymeric nanosystems. The important issues regarding clinical translation such as reproducibility, manufacture, and probable toxicity, are also commented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tu Hong
- International institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000 China
| | - Xinyuan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Madiha Zahra Syeda
- International institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000 China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Haonan Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Yipeng Zhou
- Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - JinMing Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Chaojie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Hongjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121 China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China
| | - Zhen Gu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121 China
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016 China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299 China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China
| | - Longguang Tang
- International institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000 China
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19
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Liquid metals: Preparation, surface engineering, and biomedical applications. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Liu L, Li X, Yao Q, Hu Y, Sun H, Zhang L, Gong J. Temperature-Responsive Nanocarrier-Regulated Alternative Release of "Cargos" for a Multiplex Photoelectrochemical Bioassay of Antibiotic-Resistant Genes. Anal Chem 2022; 94:14061-14070. [PMID: 36179125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A smart temperature stimuli-driven multiplex photoelectrochemical (PEC) assay was constructed for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) detection, where the stimuli-responsive gatekeeping by regulating the alternative release of "cargo" allowed for the simultaneous detection of multiple tetracycline resistance gene, using tetA (TDNA1) and tetC (TDNA2) as the model. Dual temperature-responsive nanoassemblies were embedded in the PEC bioassay as signal DNA tages: one thermoresponsive polymer (poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), PNIPAM)-capped mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) with loading the "cargo" of HgO nanoparticles as signal DNA1 tags (SDNA1-PNIPAM@MSN@HgONPs) and the other antimony tartrate (SbT)-anchored silica nanospheres as signal DNA2 tags (SDNA2-SbT@SiO2NSs). At 20 °C, below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNIPAM, the "gatekeeper" PNIPAM in SDNA1-PNIPAM@MSN@HgONPs was in an ON state, igniting Hg2+ release through the pore of SiO2. While at above LCST (40 °C), it was in an OFF state. Likewise, the thermo-dependent dissociation of SbT endowed the grafted SDNA2 tags switching from the OFF (at 20 °C) to ON state (at 40 °C), igniting SbO+ release. The released Hg2+ and SbO+ triggered the amplified photocurrents due to the structure evolution of the photoactive layer into HgS/ZnS or Sb2S3/ZnS heterostructure, thus achieving sensitive detection of multiple ARGs: tetA, tetC, tetG, tetM, tetO, tetZ, tetX, and tetW. Combined with heat map analysis, rapid screening of the ARGs profiles in 12 samples could be realized. This bioassay is simple and accessible for multiple genes analysis with the detection limit down to 0.50 nM. And it was successfully applied for measuring tetracycline ARGs in real sludge samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingfeng Yao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Yachen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingming Gong
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
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21
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Cui Y, Zhao M, Yang Y, Xu R, Tong L, Liang J, Zhang X, Sun Y, Fan Y. Reversal of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Inhibition of Tumor Stemness of Breast Cancer Cells Through Advanced Combined Chemotherapy. Acta Biomater 2022; 152:380-392. [PMID: 36028199 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The abnormal activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in drug-resistant tumor cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs) stimulate tumor metastasis and recurrence. Here, a promising combined chemotherapeutic strategy of salinomycin (SL) and doxorubicin (DOX) with specific inhibition of tumor stemness by a targeted co-delivery nanosystem was developed to overcome this abnormal progression. This strategy could be benefit drugs to effectively penetrate and infiltrate into spheres of 3D-cultured breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). The expression of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related genes (β-catenin, LRP6, LEF1, and TCF12) and target genes (Cyclin D1, Cmyc, and Fibronectin) as well as CSC stemness-related genes (Oct4, Nanog, and Hes1) was downregulated by redox-sensitive co-delivery micelles decorated with oligohyaluronic acid as the active targeting moiety. The changes in EMT-associated gene expression (E-cadherin and Vimentin) in vitro showed that the EMT process was also effectively inverted. This strategy achieved a strong inhibitory effect on solid tumor growth and an effective reduction in the risk of tumor metastasis in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice in vivo and effectively alleviated splenomegaly caused by the malignant tumor. Immunohistochemical staining analysis of E-cadherin, Vimentin, and β-catenin confirmed that the inversion of the EMT was also achieved in solid tumors. These results highlight the potential of SL and DOX combined chemotherapeutic strategy for eliminating breast carcinoma. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Cancer stem cells (CSCs), as an important part of tumor heterogeneity, can survive against conventional chemotherapy and initiate tumorigenesis, recurrence, and metastasis. Moreover, non-CSCs can convert into the CSC state through the abnormal Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which is closely related to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Here, redox-degradable binary drug-loaded micelles (PPH/DOX+SL) were designed to target CSCs and overcome drug resistance of breast cancer cells. The combined chemotherapy of salinomycin (SL) and doxorubicin (DOX) reversed drug resistance, while the PPH/DOX+SL micelles enhanced the intracellular accumulation and drug penetration of BCSC spheres. The introduction of SL downregulated the expression of tumor stemness genes and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related genes and inverted the EMT process. PPH/DOX+SL continuously inhibited tumor growth and invasion in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Cui
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China
| | - Mingda Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China
| | - Yuedi Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China
| | - Ruiling Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China
| | - Lei Tong
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China
| | - Jie Liang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China; Sichuan Testing Centre for Biomaterials and Medical Devices, No.29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China
| | - Yong Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China.
| | - Yujiang Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R.China.
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22
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Dong H, Yang D, Hu Y, Song X. Recent advances in smart nanoplatforms for tumor non-interventional embolization therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:337. [PMID: 35858896 PMCID: PMC9301833 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01548-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor embolization therapy has attracted great attention due to its high efficiency in inhibiting tumor growth by cutting off tumor nutrition and oxygen supply by the embolic agent. Although transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is the mainstream technique in the clinic, there are still some limitations to be considered, especially the existence of high risks and complications. Recently, nanomaterials have drawn wide attention in disease diagnosis, drug delivery, and new types of therapies, such as photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy, owing to their unique optical, thermal, convertible and in vivo transport properties. Furthermore, the utilization of nanoplatforms in tumor non-interventional embolization therapy has attracted the attention of researchers. Herein, the recent advances in this area are summarized in this review, which revealed three different types of nanoparticle strategies: (1) nanoparticles with active targeting effects or stimuli responsiveness (ultrasound and photothermal) for the safe delivery and responsive release of thrombin; (2) tumor microenvironment (copper and phosphate, acidity and GSH/H2O2)-responsive nanoparticles for embolization therapy with high specificity; and (3) peptide-based nanoparticles with mimic functions and excellent biocompatibility for tumor embolization therapy. The benefits and limitations of each kind of nanoparticle in tumor non-interventional embolization therapy will be highlighted. Investigations of nanoplatforms are undoubtedly of great significance, and some advanced nanoplatform systems have arrived at a new height and show potential applications in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Dong
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University Jiangsu, 30 Zhongyang Road, 210008, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongliang Yang
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, 211816, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanling Hu
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, 211816, Nanjing, China.
- Nanjing Polytechnic Institute, 210048, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xuejiao Song
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, 211816, Nanjing, China.
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23
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Jimaja S, Varlas S, Foster JC, Taton D, Dove AP, O'Reilly RK. Stimuli-responsive and core cross-linked micelles developed by NiCCo-PISA of helical poly(aryl isocyanide)s. Polym Chem 2022; 13:4047-4053. [PMID: 35923350 PMCID: PMC9274662 DOI: 10.1039/d2py00397j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of redox- and pH-sensitive block copolymer micelles that contain chiral cores composed of helical poly(aryl isocyanide)s. Pentafluorophenyl (PFP) ester-containing micelles synthesised via nickel-catalysed coordination polymerisation-induced self-assembly (NiCCo-PISA) of helical poly(aryl isocyanide) amphiphilic diblock copolymers are modified post-polymerisation with various diamines to introduce cross-links and/or achieve stimulus-sensitive nanostructures. The successful introduction of the diamines is confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), while the stabilisation effect of the cross-linking is explored by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The retention of the helicity of the core-forming polymer block is verified by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and the stimuli-responsiveness of the nanoparticles towards a reducing agent (l-glutathione, GSH) and pH is evaluated by following the change in the size of the nanoparticles by DLS. These stimuli-responsive nanoparticles could find use in applications such as drug delivery, nanosensors or biological imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sètuhn Jimaja
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham Edgbaston B15 2TT UK
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, Université de Bordeaux/CNRS École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie & de Physique 33607 Cedex Pessac France
| | - Spyridon Varlas
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham Edgbaston B15 2TT UK
| | - Jeffrey C Foster
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham Edgbaston B15 2TT UK
| | - Daniel Taton
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, Université de Bordeaux/CNRS École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie & de Physique 33607 Cedex Pessac France
| | - Andrew P Dove
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham Edgbaston B15 2TT UK
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24
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De R, Mahata MK, Kim K. Structure-Based Varieties of Polymeric Nanocarriers and Influences of Their Physicochemical Properties on Drug Delivery Profiles. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105373. [PMID: 35112798 PMCID: PMC8981462 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Carriers are equally important as drugs. They can substantially improve bioavailability of cargos and safeguard healthy cells from toxic effects of certain therapeutics. Recently, polymeric nanocarriers (PNCs) have achieved significant success in delivering drugs not only to cells but also to subcellular organelles. Variety of natural sources, availability of different synthetic routes, versatile molecular architectures, exploitable physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability have presented polymers as one of the most desired materials for nanocarrier design. Recent innovative concepts and advances in PNC-associated nanotechnology are providing unprecedented opportunities to engineer nanocarriers and their functions. The efficiency of therapeutic loading has got considerably increased. Structural design-based varieties of PNCs are widely employed for the delivery of small therapeutic molecules to genes, and proteins. PNCs have gained ever-increasing attention and certainly paves the way to develop advanced nanomedicines. This article presents a comprehensive investigation of structural design-based varieties of PNCs and the influences of their physicochemical properties on drug delivery profiles with perspectives highlighting the inevitability of incorporating both the multi-stimuli-responsive and multi-drug delivery properties in a single carrier to design intelligent PNCs as new and emerging research directions in this rapidly developing area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit De
- Laboratory of Molecular NeurophysiologyDepartment of Life SciencesPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐RoPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology (IBB)Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐RoPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
| | - Manoj Kumar Mahata
- Drittes Physikalisches Institut ‐ BiophysikGeorg‐August‐Universität GöttingenFriedrich‐Hund‐Platz 1Göttingen37077Germany
| | - Kyong‐Tai Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular NeurophysiologyDepartment of Life SciencesPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐RoPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology (IBB)Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)77 Cheongam‐RoPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea
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25
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Hsieh PH, Huang WY, Wang HC, Kuan CH, Shiue TY, Chen Y, Wang TW. Dual-responsive polypeptide nanoparticles attenuate tumor-associated stromal desmoplasia and anticancer through programmable dissociation. Biomaterials 2022; 284:121469. [PMID: 35344799 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hsuan Hsieh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States
| | - Wei-Yuan Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Chih Wang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan; College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsiang Kuan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan; Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yun Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
| | - Yunching Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Wei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan.
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26
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Zhang J, Lin Y, Lin Z, Wei Q, Qian J, Ruan R, Jiang X, Hou L, Song J, Ding J, Yang H. Stimuli-Responsive Nanoparticles for Controlled Drug Delivery in Synergistic Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103444. [PMID: 34927373 PMCID: PMC8844476 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has achieved promising clinical progress over the recent years for its potential to treat metastatic tumors and inhibit their recurrences effectively. However, low patient response rates and dose-limiting toxicity remain as major dilemmas for immunotherapy. Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles (srNPs) combined with immunotherapy offer the possibility to amplify anti-tumor immune responses, where the weak acidity, high concentration of glutathione, overexpressions of enzymes, and reactive oxygen species, and external stimuli in tumors act as triggers for controlled drug release. This review highlights the design of srNPs based on tumor microenvironment and/or external stimuli to combine with different anti-tumor drugs, especially the immunoregulatory agents, which eventually realize synergistic immunotherapy of malignant primary or metastatic tumors and acquire a long-term immune memory to prevent tumor recurrence. The authors hope that this review can provide theoretical guidance for the construction and clinical transformation of smart srNPs for controlled drug delivery in synergistic cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Qingyuan Innovation LaboratoryCollege of Chemical EngineeringFuzhou University2 Xueyuan RoadFuzhou350108P. R. China
| | - Yandai Lin
- Qingyuan Innovation LaboratoryCollege of Chemical EngineeringFuzhou University2 Xueyuan RoadFuzhou350108P. R. China
| | - Zhe Lin
- Ruisi (Fujian) Biomedical Engineering Research Center Co LtdFuzhou350100P. R. China
| | - Qi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences5625 Renmin StreetChangchun130022P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersFudan University220 Handan RoadShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Qian
- Qingyuan Innovation LaboratoryCollege of Chemical EngineeringFuzhou University2 Xueyuan RoadFuzhou350108P. R. China
| | - Renjie Ruan
- Qingyuan Innovation LaboratoryCollege of Chemical EngineeringFuzhou University2 Xueyuan RoadFuzhou350108P. R. China
| | - Xiancai Jiang
- Qingyuan Innovation LaboratoryCollege of Chemical EngineeringFuzhou University2 Xueyuan RoadFuzhou350108P. R. China
| | - Linxi Hou
- Qingyuan Innovation LaboratoryCollege of Chemical EngineeringFuzhou University2 Xueyuan RoadFuzhou350108P. R. China
| | - Jibin Song
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and BiologyState Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and EnvironmentCollege of ChemistryFuzhou University2 Xueyuan RoadFuzhou350108P. R. China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences5625 Renmin StreetChangchun130022P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersFudan University220 Handan RoadShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Huanghao Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and BiologyState Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and EnvironmentCollege of ChemistryFuzhou University2 Xueyuan RoadFuzhou350108P. R. China
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27
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Geyik G, Işıklan N. Multi-stimuli-sensitive superparamagnetic κ-carrageenan based nanoparticles for controlled 5-fluorouracil delivery. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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28
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Li C, Wang Q, Li D, Liu Y, Hu B, Feng Y, Zhang H, He Z, Luo C, Sun J. Molecular recognition-driven supramolecular nanoassembly of a hydrophobic uracil prodrug and hydrophilic cytarabine for precise combination treatment of solid and non-solid tumors. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:235-245. [PMID: 35048915 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00590a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Combination chemotherapy has shown distinct therapeutic advantages over monotherapy in clinical cancer treatment, especially for two chemotherapeutic drugs with different mechanisms of action. However, how to achieve efficient co-delivery of two or more drugs with different physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties for synergistic therapy is still a huge challenge. In particular, it is even more difficult to efficiently co-deliver a hydrophilic drug and a hydrophobic drug into one nanosystem. Herein, inspired by the natural Watson-Crick base pair molecular recognition in nucleic acids, a reduction-sensitive uracil prodrug of doxorubicin (U-SS-DOX) is synthesized and performs supramolecular co-assembly with cytarabine (Ara-C). Interestingly, the hydrophilic Ara-C molecules could readily co-assemble with U-SS-DOX, and multiple hydrogen bonds are found in the nanoassembly with an ultra-high drug loading rate. Moreover, 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide (DiR) is used as a fluorescent probe to investigate the pharmacokinetics of U : C NPs. It turns out that the DiR-labeled U : C NPs significantly prolong the systemic circulation and promote the tumor-specific accumulation of DiR when compared with DiR solution. Furthermore, the supramolecular nanoassembly demonstrates potent satisfactory therapeutic effects in treating both solid and non-solid tumors in vivo. This study provides a novel molecular co-assembly nanoplatform for efficient co-delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Qiu Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Dan Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Yubo Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Baichun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Yao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Haotian Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Cong Luo
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Jin Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China.
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29
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Zhang X, Wang P, Xu Y, Wang J, Shi Y, Niu W, Song W, Liu R, Yu CY, Wei H. Facile synthesis and self-assembly behaviors of biodegradable amphiphilic hyperbranched copolymers with reducible poly(caprolactone) grafts. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py01112c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A reducible hydrophobic macromonomer, HEMA-g-PCL, developed herein provides a facile yet robust strategy for biodegradable amphiphilic hyperbranched copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianshuo Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Yaoyu Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Yunfeng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Wenxu Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Wenjing Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Ruru Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, China
| | - Cui-Yun Yu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Hua Wei
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
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30
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Wang H, Qu R, Chen Q, Zhang T, Chen X, Wu B, Chen T. PEGylated Prussian blue nanoparticles for modulating polyethyleneimine cytotoxicity and attenuating tumor hypoxia for dual-enhanced photodynamic therapy. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:5410-5421. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00571a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The PEG-Ce6-PEI@PB platform provides a new paradigm for dual-enhanced PDT by modulating PEI cytotoxicity and attenuating tumor hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Rumeng Qu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Qi Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Baoyan Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Tongsheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- SCNU Qingyuan Institute of Science and Technology Innovation Co., Ltd., Qingyuan 511517, China
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Liang X, Chen M, Bhattarai P, Hameed S, Tang Y, Dai Z. Complementing Cancer Photodynamic Therapy with Ferroptosis through Iron Oxide Loaded Porphyrin-Grafted Lipid Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2021; 15:20164-20180. [PMID: 34898184 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials that combine multimodality imaging and therapeutic functions within a single nanoplatform have drawn extensive attention for molecular medicines and biological applications. Herein, we report a theranostic nanoplatform based on a relatively smaller (<20 nm) iron oxide loaded porphyrin-grafted lipid nanoparticles (Fe3O4@PGL NPs). The amphiphilic PGL easily self-assembled on the hydrophobic exterior surface of ultrasmall Fe3O4 NPs, resulting in a final ultrasmall Fe3O4@PGL NPs with diameter of ∼10 nm. The excellent self-assembling nature of the as-synthesized PGL NPs facilitated a higher loading of porphyrins, showed a negligible dark toxicity, and demonstrated an excellent photodynamic effect against HT-29 cancer cells in vitro. The in vivo experimental results further confirmed that Fe3O4@PGL NPs were ideally qualified for both the fluorescence and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging guided nanoplatforms to track the biodistribution and therapeutic responses of NPs as well as to simultaneously trigger the generation of highly cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) necessary for excellent photodynamic therapy (PDT). After recording convincing therapeutic responses, we further evaluated the ability of Fe3O4@PGL NPs/Fe3O4@Lipid NPs for ferroptosis therapy (FT) via tumor microenvironment (TME) modulation for improved anticancer activity. We hypothesized that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) could significantly improve the efficacy of FT by accelerating the Fenton reaction in vitro. In our results, the Fe ions released in vitro directly contributed to the Fenton reaction, whereas the presence of RAW 264.7 macrophages further accelerated the ROS generation as observed by the fluorescence imaging. The significant increase in the ROS during the coincubation of NPs, endocytosed by HT-29 cells and RAW264.7 cells, further induced increased cellular toxicity of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Pravin Bhattarai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Department of Biophotonics, Phutung Research Institute, Kathmandu 12335, Nepal
| | - Sadaf Hameed
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Yida Tang
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhifei Dai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Wang C, Zou H, Liu N, Wu ZQ. Recent Advances in Polyallenes: Preparation, Self-Assembly, and Stimuli-Responsiveness. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:3864-3872. [PMID: 34618408 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Polyallenes, as a typical type of reactive polymers, are of great significance and have aroused widespread interest because they contain double bonds that can be post-modified into other functionalities to afford varieties of functional materials. This Minireview firstly highlights the recent advances in the preparation of polyallenes, including preparation of helical polyallenes through directly polymerization of chiral allene monomers or helix-sense-selective polymerization (HSSP) of achiral allene monomers, synthesis of 1,2-regulated polyallenes and 2,3-regulated polyallenes via selective polymerization of allene monomers, polymerization of allene monomers catalyzed by Ni(II)-terminated poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), and so on. Then, latest progress on the self-assembly and stimuli-responses of polyallene-based diblock, ABA and ABC triblock copolymers is summarized. We hope this Minireview will inspire more interest in developing polyallenes and encourage further advances in functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei, 230009, Anhui Province, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei, 230009, Anhui Province, P. R. China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei, 230009, Anhui Province, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Quan Wu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei, 230009, Anhui Province, P. R. China
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Gao W, Wang Z, Song F, Fu Y, Wu Q, Liu S. Temperature/Reduction Dual Response Nanogel Is Formed by In Situ Stereocomplexation of Poly (Lactic Acid). Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3492. [PMID: 34685251 PMCID: PMC8540984 DOI: 10.3390/polym13203492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel type of dual responsive nanogels was synthesized by physical crosslinking of polylactic acid stereocomplexation: temperature and reduction dual stimulation responsive gels were formed in situ by mixing equal amounts of PLA (Poly (Lactic Acid)) enantiomeric graft copolymer micellar solution; the properties of double stimulation response make it more targeted in the field of drug release. The structural composition of the gels was studied by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Using transmission electron microscope (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) instruments, the differences in morphology and particle size were analyzed (indicating that nanogels have dual stimulus responses of temperature sensitivity and reduction). The Wide-Angle X-ray diffractionr (WAXD) was used to prove the stereocomplexation of PLA in the gels, the mechanical properties and gelation process of the gels were studied by rheology test. The physically cross-linked gel network generated by the self-recombination of micelles and then stereo-complexation has a more stable structure. The results show that the micelle properties, swelling properties and rheological properties of nanogels can be changed by adjusting the degree of polymerization of polylactic acid. In addition, it provides a safe and practical new method for preparing stable temperature/reduction response physical cross-linked gel.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shouxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (W.G.); (Z.W.); (F.S.); (Y.F.); (Q.W.)
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Murugan B, Sagadevan S, Fatimah I, Oh WC, Motalib Hossain MA, Johan MR. Smart stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for the cancer therapy – nanomedicine. NANOTECHNOLOGY REVIEWS 2021; 10:933-953. [DOI: 10.1515/ntrev-2021-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Nanomedicine is ongoing current research in the applications of nanotechnology for cancer therapy. Simply from a technology perspective, this field of research has an enormous broadening and success to date. Recently, nanomedicine has also made inroads in the treatment of cancer. Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles are an emerging field of research because its targeting capacity is of great interest in the treatment of cancer. The responsive nanoparticles are efficient in encountering different internal biological stimuli (acidic, pH, redox, and enzyme) and external stimuli (temperature, ultrasounds, magnetic field, and light), which are used as smart nanocarriers for delivery of the chemotherapeutic and imaging agents for cancer therapy. In-depth, the responsive nanocarrier that responds to the biological cues is of pronounced interest due to its capability to provide a controlled release profile at the tumor-specific site. The outlook of this review focuses on the stimuli-responsive nanocarrier drug delivery systems in sequence to address the biological challenges that need to be evaluated to overcome conventional cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baranya Murugan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, SASTRA Deemed-to-be University , Thanjavur , 613401 , India
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be University , Thanjavur , 613401 , India
| | - Suresh Sagadevan
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre, University of Malaya , 50603 , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Is Fatimah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Kampus Terpadu UII , Jl. Kaliurang Km 14, Sleman , Yogyakarta , Indonesia
| | - Won-Chun Oh
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Hanseo University , Seosan-si , Chungnam , 356-706 , Republic of Korea
| | - Mohd Abd Motalib Hossain
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre, University of Malaya , 50603 , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Mohd Rafie Johan
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre, University of Malaya , 50603 , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
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Zhang J, Li S, Wang Z, Liu P, Zhao Y. Multitunable Thermoresponsive and Aggregation Behaviors of Linear and Cyclic Polyacrylamide Copolymers Comprising Heterofunctional Y Junctions. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Siyu Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Peng Liu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Youliang Zhao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Ying K, Bai B, Gao X, Xu Y, Wang H, Xie B. Orally Administrable Therapeutic Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:670124. [PMID: 34307319 PMCID: PMC8293278 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.670124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common and lethal human malignancies worldwide; however, the therapeutic outcomes in the clinic still are unsatisfactory due to the lack of effective and safe therapeutic regimens. Orally administrable and CRC-targetable drug delivery is an attractive approach for CRC therapy as it improves the efficacy by local drug delivery and reduces systemic toxicity. Currently, chemotherapy remains the mainstay modality for CRC therapy; however, most of chemo drugs have low water solubility and are unstable in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), poor intestinal permeability, and are susceptible to P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux, resulting in limited therapeutic outcomes. Orally administrable nanoformulations hold the great potential for improving the bioavailability of poorly permeable and poorly soluble therapeutics, but there are still limitations associated with these regimes. This review focuses on the barriers for oral drug delivery and various oral therapeutic nanoparticles for the management of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Ying
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Health Commission (NHC), Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingjun Bai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xing Gao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuzi Xu
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hangxiang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Health Commission (NHC), Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Binbin Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- National Health Commission (NHC), Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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37
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Chang D, Ma Y, Xu X, Xie J, Ju S. Stimuli-Responsive Polymeric Nanoplatforms for Cancer Therapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:707319. [PMID: 34249894 PMCID: PMC8267819 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.707319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymeric nanoparticles have been widely used as carriers of drugs and bioimaging agents due to their excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and structural versatility. The principal application of polymeric nanoparticles in medicine is for cancer therapy, with increased tumor accumulation, precision delivery of anticancer drugs to target sites, higher solubility of pharmaceutical properties and lower systemic toxicity. Recently, the stimuli-responsive polymeric nanoplatforms attracted more and more attention because they can change their physicochemical properties responding to the stimuli conditions, such as low pH, enzyme, redox agents, hypoxia, light, temperature, magnetic field, ultrasound, and so on. Moreover, the unique properties of stimuli-responsive polymeric nanocarriers in target tissues may significantly improve the bioactivity of delivered agents for cancer treatment. This review introduces stimuli-responsive polymeric nanoparticles and their applications in tumor theranostics with the loading of chemical drugs, nucleic drugs and imaging molecules. In addition, we discuss the strategy for designing multifunctional polymeric nanocarriers and provide the perspective for the clinical applications of these stimuli-responsive polymeric nanoplatforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Chang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinbing Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shenghong Ju
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Wang H, Jin Y, Tan Y, Zhu H, Huo W, Niu P, Li Z, Zhang J, Liang XJ, Yang X. Photo-responsive hydrogel facilitates nutrition deprivation by an ambidextrous approach for preventing cancer recurrence and metastasis. Biomaterials 2021; 275:120992. [PMID: 34218050 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative recurrence at the primary site and distant metastasis remains the challenge in treating triple-negative breast cancer due to its unpredictable invasion into adjacent tissues. Although systemic chemotherapy has been extensively adopted to attenuate the recurrence and metastasis, the abundant nutrition supply by blood vessels would promote the rapid proliferation of tumor cells and angiogenesis. Herein, we reported a nutrition deprivation strategy by ambidextrously blocking the residual blood vessels and inhibiting angiogenesis to realize efficient treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. To this end, an injectable hydrogel with photo-responsive property was prepared by using polydopamine crosslinked collagen/silk fibroin composite to deliver thrombin for blocking blood vessels and angiogenesis. In the presence of NIR light, the locked thrombin was released into the blood vessels in the adjacent tissues to promote blood coagulation. In addition, the photothermal effect would reduce the secreting of VEGF for preventing angiogenesis in the adjacent tissues. The in vitro and in vivo results demonstrated that the permanent interruption of nutrient supply by blocking the blood vessels adjacent to the resected tumor and preventing angiogenesis is a promising strategy to prevent the recurrence and metastasis of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China
| | - Yi Jin
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-autoimmune Diseases of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China
| | - Yanli Tan
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-autoimmune Diseases of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China
| | - Han Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China
| | - Wendi Huo
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-autoimmune Diseases of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China
| | - Pei Niu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-autoimmune Diseases of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China
| | - Jinchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China.
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience and CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, PR China
| | - Xinjian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China.
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Luo Z, An J, Shi W, Li C, Gao H. One step assembly of ginsenoside Rb1-based nanovehicles with fast cellular transport in photothermal-chemical combined cancer therapy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:195103. [PMID: 33524967 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abe1f0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the research of photothermal-chemical co-therapy provides new ideas for the treatment of cancer. However, the harsh photothermal temperature hinders the clinical development of photothermal therapy. To ensure low-temperature photothermal-chemical combined therapy, a safe and feasible drug delivery system is highly desirable. Herein, through one step co-precipitation method, ginsenoside Rb1-based nanovehicles composed of the hydrophobic drug doxorubicin, the photochemical reagent Cypate and the heat shock protein inhibitor gambogic acid was prepared, resulting from the amphiphilicity and membrane permeability of Rb1. Encouragingly, this platform exhibited excellent biocompatibility and rapid cellular uptake, both of which led to significant and irreversible death of breast cancer cells under the trigger of short-term near-infrared light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Tianjin Enterprise Key Laboratory for Application Research of Hyaluronic Acid, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxia An
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Tianjin Enterprise Key Laboratory for Application Research of Hyaluronic Acid, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Tianjin Enterprise Key Laboratory for Application Research of Hyaluronic Acid, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoqi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Tianjin Enterprise Key Laboratory for Application Research of Hyaluronic Acid, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Tianjin Enterprise Key Laboratory for Application Research of Hyaluronic Acid, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, People's Republic of China
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Johnson L, Gray DM, Niezabitowska E, McDonald TO. Multi-stimuli-responsive aggregation of nanoparticles driven by the manipulation of colloidal stability. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:7879-7896. [PMID: 33881098 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01190a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The capacity to control the dispersed or aggregated state of colloidal particles is particularly attractive for facilitating a diverse range of smart applications. For this reason, stimuli-responsive nanoparticles have garnered much attention in recent years. Colloidal systems that exhibit multi-stimuli-responsive behaviour are particularly interesting materials due to the greater spatial and temporal control they display in terms of dispersion/aggregation status; such behaviour can be exploited for implant formation, easy separation of a previously dispersed material or for the blocking of unwanted pores. This review will provide an overview of the recent publications regarding multi-stimuli-responsive microgels and hybrid core-shell nanoparticles. These polymer-based nanoparticles are highly sensitive to environmental conditions and can form aggregated clusters due to a loss of colloidal stability, triggered by temperature, pH and ionic strength stimuli. We aim to provide the reader with a discussion of the recent developments in this area, as well as an understanding of the fundamental concepts which underpin the responsive behaviour, and an exploration of their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Dominic M Gray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Edyta Niezabitowska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Tom O McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, UK.
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Yang X, An J, Luo Z, Yang R, Yan S, Liu DE, Fu H, Gao H. A cyanine-based polymeric nanoplatform with microenvironment-driven cascaded responsiveness for imaging-guided chemo-photothermal combination anticancer therapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:2115-2122. [PMID: 32073099 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02890k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Finding out how to overcome multistage biological barriers for nanocarriers in cancer therapy to obtain highly precise drug delivery is still a challenge. Herein, we prepared a multistage and cascaded switchable polymeric nanovehicle, self-assembled from polyethylene glycol grafted amphiphilic copolymer containing hydrophobic poly(ortho ester) and hydrophilic ethylenediamine-modified poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PEG-g-p(GEDA-co-DMDEA)) for imaging-guided chemo-photothermal combination anticancer therapy. Notably, a novel ATRP initiator containing cyanine dye was designed and attached to the polymer, providing the nanovehicle with NIR-light induced photothermal and fluorescent properties. The PEG shell displayed tumor-microenvironment-induced detachment, resulting in the surface charge change of the nanovehicle from neutral to positive and thus enhancing cellular uptake. Subsequently, the hydrophobic pDMDEA hydrolyzed into a hydrophilic segment in the acidic lysosome, leading to sufficient drug release. Finally, with the aid of the photothermal property, the therapeutic drug DOX successfully escaped from the lysosome to exert chemotherapy. This well-defined polymeric nanoplatform promoted the development of designing novel theranostic polymeric nanovehicles for precise cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Jinxia An
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Zhong Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Rui Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Shuzhen Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - De-E Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Hao Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Hui Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
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Zhao X, Bai J, Yang W. Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for therapeutic applications in cancer. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 18:j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0496. [PMID: 33764711 PMCID: PMC8185873 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has become a very serious challenge with aging of the human population. Advances in nanotechnology have provided new perspectives in the treatment of cancer. Through the combination of nanotechnology and therapeutics, nanomedicine has been successfully used to treat cancer in recent years. In terms of nanomedicine, nanocarriers play a key role in delivering therapeutic agents, reducing severe side effects, simplifying the administration scheme, and improving therapeutic efficacies. Modulations of the structure and function of nanocarriers for improved therapeutic efficacy in cancer have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers penetrate deeply into tissues and respond to external or internal stimuli by releasing the therapeutic agent for cancer therapy. Notably, stimuli-responsive nanocarriers reduce the severe side effects of therapeutic agents, when compared with systemic chemotherapy, and achieve controlled drug release at tumor sites. Therefore, the development of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers plays a crucial role in drug delivery for cancer therapy. This article focuses on the development of nanomaterials with stimuli-responsive properties for use as nanocarriers, in the last few decades. These nanocarriers are more effective at delivering the therapeutic agent under the control of external or internal stimuli. Furthermore, nanocarriers with theranostic features have been designed and fabricated to confirm their great potential in achieving effective treatment of cancer, which will provide us with better choices for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubo Zhao
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Tsompanas MA, Bull L, Adamatzky A, Balaz I. In silico optimization of cancer therapies with multiple types of nanoparticles applied at different times. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 200:105886. [PMID: 33288217 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cancer tumors constitute a complicated environment for conventional anti-cancer treatments to confront, so solutions with higher complexity and, thus, robustness to diverse conditions are required. Alternations in the tumor composition have been documented, as a result of a conventional treatment, making an ensemble of cells drug resistant. Consequently, a possible answer to this problem could be the delivery of the pharmaceutic compound with the assistance of nano-particles (NPs) that modify the delivery characteristics and biodistribution of the therapy. Nonetheless, to tackle the dynamic response of the tumor, a variety of application times of different types of NPs could be a way forward. METHODS The in silico optimization was investigated here, in terms of the design parameters of multiple NPs and their application times. The optimization methodology used an open-source simulator to provide the fitness of each possible treatment. Because the number of different NPs that will achieve the best performance is not known a priori, the evolutionary algorithm utilizes a variable length genome approach, namely a metameric representation and accordingly modified operators. RESULTS The results highlight the fact that different application times have a significant effect on the robustness of a treatment. Whereas, applying all NPs at earlier time slots and without the ordered sequence unveiled by the optimization process, proved to be less effective. CONCLUSIONS The design and development of a dynamic tool that will navigate through the large search space of possible combinations can provide efficient solutions that prove to be beyond human intuition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Larry Bull
- Department of Computer Science and Creative Technologies, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Andrew Adamatzky
- Unconventional Computing Laboratory, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Igor Balaz
- Laboratory for Meteorology, Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Agriculture, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 8, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
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Majumder J, Minko T. Multifunctional and stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for targeted therapeutic delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:205-227. [PMID: 32969740 PMCID: PMC7904578 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1828339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nanocarrier-based delivery systems offer multiple benefits to overcome limitations of the traditional drug dosage forms, such as protection of the drug, enhanced bioavailability, targeted delivery to disease site, etc. Nanocarriers have exhibited tremendous successes in targeted delivery of therapeutics to the desired tissues and cells with improved bioavailability, high drug loading capacity, enhanced intracellular delivery, and better therapeutic effect. A specific design of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers allows for changing their structural and physicochemical properties in response to exogenous and endogenous stimuli. These nanocarriers show a promise in site specific controlled release of therapeutics under certain physiological conditions or external stimuli. AREAS COVERED This review highlights recent progresses on the multifunctional and stimuli-sensitive nanocarriers for targeted therapeutic drug delivery applications. EXPERT OPINION The progress from single functional to multifunctional nanocarriers has shown tremendous potential for targeted delivery of therapeutics. On our opinion, the future of targeted delivery of drugs, nucleic acids, and other substances belongs to the site-targeted multifunctional and stimuli-based nanoparticles with controlled release. Targeting of nanocarriers to the disease site enhance the efficacy of the treatment by delivering more therapeutics specifically to the affected cells and substantially limiting adverse side effects upon healthy organs, tissues, and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydeb Majumder
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Tamara Minko
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Environmental and Occupational Health Science Institute, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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Lim MSH, Nishiyama Y, Ohtsuki T, Watanabe K, Kobuchi H, Kobayashi K, Matsuura E. Lactosome-Conjugated siRNA Nanoparticles for Photo-Enhanced Gene Silencing in Cancer Cells. J Pharm Sci 2021; 110:1788-1798. [PMID: 33529684 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The A3B-type Lactosome comprised of poly(sarcosine)3-block-poly(l-lactic acid), a biocompatible and biodegradable polymeric nanomicelle, was reported to accumulate in tumors in vivo via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Recently, the cellular uptake of Lactosome particles was enhanced through the incorporation of a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP), L7EB1. However, the ability of Lactosome as a drug delivery carrier has not been established. Herein, we have developed a method to conjugate the A3B-type Lactosome with ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 (ABCG2) siRNA for inducing in vitro apoptosis in the cancer cell lines PANC-1 and NCI-H226. The L7EB1 peptide facilitates the cellular uptake efficiency of Lactosome but does not deliver siRNA into cytosol. To establish the photoinduced cytosolic dispersion of siRNA, a photosensitizer loaded L7EB1-Lactosome was prepared, and the photosensitizer 5,10,15,20-tetra-kis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin (TPFPP) showed superiority in photoinduced cytosolic dispersion. We exploited the combined effects of enhanced cellular uptake by L7EB1 and photoinduced endosomal escape by TPFPP to efficiently deliver ABCG2 siRNA into the cytosol for gene silencing. Moreover, the silencing of ABCG2, a protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) transporter, also mediated photoinduced cell death via 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-mediated PpIX accumulated photodynamic therapy (PDT). The synergistic capability of the L7EB1/TPFPP/siRNA-Lactosome complex enabled both gene silencing and PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Siaw Han Lim
- Department of Cell Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yuki Nishiyama
- Department of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohtsuki
- Department of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Kazunori Watanabe
- Department of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Kobuchi
- Department of Cell Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kazuko Kobayashi
- Department of Cell Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Eiji Matsuura
- Department of Cell Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; Neutron Therapy Research Centre, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; Collaborative Research Centre for OMIC, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Facile preparation of pH/redox dual-responsive biodegradable polyphosphazene prodrugs for effective cancer chemotherapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 200:111573. [PMID: 33476954 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In order to maximize the therapeutic effect and and minimize the systemtic side effect of the small molecule anticancer drugs, biodegradable drug delivery systems (DDSs) that respond to tumor microenvironment (TME) have attracted significant attention. Herein, a novel redox/pH dual-responsive and biodegradable polyphosphazene (PPZ) nano-prodrugs have been prepared via one-pot crosslinking of vanillin modified DOX (VMD, acid-sensitive) and 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl disulfide (HPS, GSH-responsive) with hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP). The phenol groups of the as-synthesized VMD and HPS have high nucleophilic substitution activity towards HCCP under base catalyst and afforded PPZ nano-prodrugs, denoted as HCCP-VMD-HPS, with a high drug loading ratio of up to 56.4 %. As expected, the skeleton of the PPZ consisting of imine bonds in VMD and the disulfide bonds in HPS and cyclotriphosphazenes inclined to be decomposed in low pH conditions and high level of GSH environments. The antitumor drug DOX was found to be controlled released in TME conditions (extracellular, pH∼6.8 and endosomes, lysosomes pH∼5.0 with ∼10 mM GSH), rather than neutral physiological conditions (pH 7.4 with ∼20 μM GSH). Moreover, the resulting HCCP-VMD-HPS nano-prodrug have obvious cytotoxicity to cancer cells while a negligible side effect to normal cells. We therefore believe that the prepared redox/pH dual-responsive and biodegradable PPZ DDSs have great potential in various field.
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Yu G, Xu Q, Li S, Gu Y, Lu Y, Xu W, Wu R. A New Synthetic Strategy for Polymeric Bromine Precursors: One‐Step Change from Bromine‐Containing Polymers to Functional Polymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 P. R. China
| | - Qian Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 P. R. China
| | - Shuyi Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 P. R. China
| | - Yu Gu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 P. R. China
| | - Yanbing Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 P. R. China
| | - Weijian Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 P. R. China
| | - Ruoxi Wu
- Department of Water Science and Engineering College of Civil Engineering Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 P. R. China
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Guo Z, He H, Zhang Y, Rao J, Yang T, Li T, Wang L, Shi M, Wang M, Qiu S, Song X, Ke H, Chen H. Heavy-Atom-Modulated Supramolecular Assembly Increases Antitumor Potency against Malignant Breast Tumors via Tunable Cooperativity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004225. [PMID: 33270303 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains with highest incidence and mortality rates among females, and a critical bottleneck lies in rationally establishing potent therapeutics against TNBC. Here, the self-assembled micellar nanoarchitecture of heavy-atom-modulated supramolecules with efficient cytoplasmic translocation and tunable photoconversion is shown, for potent suppression against primary, metastatic, and recurrent TNBC. Multi-iodinated boron dipyrromethene micelles yield tunable photoconversion into singlet oxygen and a thermal effect, together with deep penetration and subsequent cytoplasmic translocation at the tumor. Tetra-iodinated boron dipyrromethene micelles (4-IBMs) particularly show a distinctly enhanced cooperativity of antitumor efficiency through considerable expressions of apoptotic proteins, potently suppressing subcutaneous, and orthotopic TNBC models, together with reduced oxygen dependence. Furthermore, 4-IBMs yield preferable anti-metastatic and anti-recurrent efficacies through the inhibition of metastasis-relevant proteins, distinct immunogenic cell death, and re-education of M2 macrophages into tumoricidal M1 phenotype as compared to chemotherapy and surgical resection. These results offer insights into the cooperativity of supramolecular nanoarchitectures for potent phototherapy against TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hui He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jiaming Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ting Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Mengke Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Mengya Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Shihong Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xue Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hengte Ke
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Huabing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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Chang Z, Ye JH, Qi F, Fang H, Lin F, Wang S, Mu C, Zhang W, He W. A PEGylated photosensitizer-core pH-responsive polymeric nanocarrier for imaging-guided combination chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04461j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel chemo-photodynamic combined therapeutic self-assembly polymeric platform (MPEG-Hyd-Br2-BODIPY) was constructed which can encapsulate DOX and exhibited an accelerated release rate with decreasing pH value which results in considerable time/dose-dependent cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Chang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Jia-Hai Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Fen Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Hongbao Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Fuyan Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Cancan Mu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Weijiang He
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
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Wang Y, Cheng J, Zhao D, Liu Y, Luo T, Zhong YF, Mo F, Kong XY, Song J. Designed DNA nanostructure grafted with erlotinib for non-small-cell lung cancer therapy. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:23953-23958. [PMID: 33244548 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06945k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment has been employed over the past 20 years. However, poor water-solubility, low bioavailability and less drug accumulation of chemotherapeutic drugs restrict its antitumor activities in clinic. DNA nanostructures are proposed as drug carriers due to their intrinsic biocompatibility and programmability. In this work, we demonstrate a novel DNA nanocarrier grafted with erlotinib as an effective drug delivery system (DDS) for anti-cancer treatment. Specifically, erlotinib (Er), a hydrophobic small molecule drug targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is covalently conjugated with azide (N3) modified DNA strands and subsequently self-assembled on spatially programmable erlotinib-grafted 6 × 6 × 64 nt DNA nanostructures. Thus, Er was successfully grafted on DNA carriers and transformed into a hydrophilic formulation. The antitumor efficacy was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo, and enhanced cytotoxicity toward A549 cells and the marked inhibition of tumor growth for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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