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An H, Zhang Q, Lei J, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Lu D. Uniform, Fully Connected, High-Quality Monocrystalline Freestanding Perovskite Oxide Films Fabricated from Recyclable Substrates. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2402419. [PMID: 38923058 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Releasing epitaxial perovskite oxide films from their native oxide substrates produces high quality, 2D-material-like monocrystalline freestanding oxide membranes, as potential key components for the next-generation electronic devices. Two major obstacles still limit their practical applications: macroscopic material defects (mainly cracks) that lowers uniformity and yield, and the high cost of the consumed oxide substrates. Here, a two-step film transfer method and a substrate recycling method enable repetitive fabrication of millimeter-scale, fully-connected freestanding oxide films of various chemical compositions from the same substrates; arrays of capacitor and resistor devices based on these oxides transferred on silicon indicate high uniformity, low sample-to-sample variation, and satisfactory electrical connectivity. The two-step transfer suppresses crack formation by avoiding buckling-delamination-type relaxation of epitaxial strain, and the key point to achieve substrate reuse is to remove the residual Al species bonded to the substrate surfaces. The mitigation of such long-lasting issues in freestanding oxide fabrication techniques may eventually pave roads toward future industrial-grade devices, as well as enabling many research opportunities in fundamental physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang An
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Jingchao Lei
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yaxing Sun
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Di Lu
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
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2
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Lee J, Ko Y, Kim S, Hur HG. Highly effective biosorption capacity of Cladosporium sp. strain F1 to lead phosphate mineral and perovskite solar cell PbI 2. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 442:130106. [PMID: 36209612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fungus Cladosporium sp. strain F1 showed highly effective biosorption capacity to lead phosphate mineral and perovskite solar cells lead iodide compared to other fungi Aspergillus niger VKMF-1119 and Mucor ramannianus R-56. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses shows that Cladosporium sp. strain F1, which previously showed high biosorption capacity to uranium phosphate nanorods and nanoplates, can accumulate lead phosphate mineral and lead iodide on the fungal hyphae surface in large amounts under a wide range of pH conditions, while A. niger VKMF-1119 and M. ramannianus R-56 adsorbed small amounts of minerals. After biosorption of lead iodide minerals on Cladosporium sp. strain F1, aqueous dimethyl sulfoxide (50%) at pH 2 (70 °C) released the mineral more than 99%. Based on the fungal surface analyses, hydrophobic properties on the surfaces of Cladosporium sp. strain F1 could affect the higher biosorption capacity of strain F1 to lead phosphate mineral and lead iodide as compared to other tested fungi. Cladosporium sp. strain F1 may be the novel biosorbents to remediate the phosphate rich environment and to recover lead from perovskite solar cells lead iodide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisu Lee
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Ko
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Kim
- GIST Central Research Facilities, Gwanju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hor-Gil Hur
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Deng F, Li S, Sun X, Li H, Tao X. Full Life-Cycle Lead Management and Recycling Transparent Conductors for Low-Cost Perovskite Solar Cell. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:52163-52172. [PMID: 36355618 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Realizing a full life-cycle management for toxic lead (Pb) and reducing material/manufacture cost are the key steps in determining the commercialization process of perovskite photovoltaics. In this work, we develop full lifecycle material management for a carbon-based perovskite solar cell (C-PSC) to immobilize and recover Pb against environmental pollution, followed by refabrication of C-PSC based on recovered materials and recycled transparent conductors from obsolete devices. Pb immobilization is first achieved by a strong coordination interaction between undercoordinated Pb ions from perovskite and a C═O bond from green pseudohalide ions (pseudo-X), and the resulting C-PSC with the structure of ITO/SnO2/pseudo-X-perovskite/carbon yields an efficiency of 16.63%. Pb from an end-of-life C-PSC is then recovered by dissolving the obsolete perovskite layer into DMF/DMSO precursor solvent, followed by replenishing a certain amount of MAI to guarantee new perovskite layer formation. The refabricated C-PSC based on recovered perovskite and a recycled transparent conductor displays comparable efficiency (15.30%) to that of C-PSC with commercial raw materials, also exceeding the previous efficiency record for C-PSCs based on recycled materials. Such refabricated C-PSC is relatively low-cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, China
| | - Siqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, China
| | - Xiangnan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, China
| | - Haotong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, China
| | - Xia Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, China
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4
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Progress in Perovskite Solar Cells towards Commercialization-A Review. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216569. [PMID: 34772092 PMCID: PMC8585319 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have experienced rapid development and have presented an excellent commercial prospect as the PSCs are made from raw materials that are readily and cheaply available depending on simple manufacturing techniques. However, the commercial production and utilization of PSCs remain immature, leading to substantial efforts needed to boost the development of scalable fabrication of PSCs, pilot scale tests, and the establishment of industrial production lines. In this way, the PSCs are expected to be successfully popularized from the laboratory to the photovoltaic market. In this review, the history of power conversion efficiency (PCE) for laboratory-scale PSCs is firstly introduced, and then some methods for maintaining high PCE in the upscaling process is displayed. The achievements in the stability and environmental friendliness of PSCs are also summarized because they are also of significance for commercialization. Finally, this review evaluates the commercialization prospects of PSCs from the economic view and provides a short outlook.
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5
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Maranghi S, Parisi ML, Basosi R, Sinicropi A. The critical issue of using lead for sustainable massive production of perovskite solar cells: a review of relevant literature. OPEN RESEARCH EUROPE 2021; 1:44. [PMID: 37645134 PMCID: PMC10445902 DOI: 10.12688/openreseurope.13428.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to review the most significant studies dealing with the environmental issues of the use of lead in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). A careful discussion and rationalization of the environmental and human health toxicity impacts, evaluated by life cycle assessment and risk assessment studies, is presented. The results of this analysis are prospectively related to the possible future massive production of PSC technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Maranghi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, R²ES Lab, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, Siena, 53100, Italy
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, Firenze, 50019, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Parisi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, R²ES Lab, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, Siena, 53100, Italy
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, Firenze, 50019, Italy
- Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Italian National Council for Research, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Firenze, 50019, Italy
| | - Riccardo Basosi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, R²ES Lab, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, Siena, 53100, Italy
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, Firenze, 50019, Italy
- Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Italian National Council for Research, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Firenze, 50019, Italy
| | - Adalgisa Sinicropi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, R²ES Lab, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, Siena, 53100, Italy
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), Via della Lastruccia 3, Firenze, 50019, Italy
- Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Italian National Council for Research, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Firenze, 50019, Italy
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6
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Feng X, Wang S, Guo Q, Zhu Y, Xiu J, Huang L, Tang Z, He Z. Dialkylamines Driven Two-Step Recovery of NiO x/ITO Substrates for High-Reproducibility Recycling of Perovskite Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:4735-4741. [PMID: 33983026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Because of the toxicity of water-soluble lead, the recycling of organic-inorganic lead-halides perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has attracted increasing attention. Here, we report a highly reliable two-step process to recycle cost-dominated indium-tin-oxide (ITO) substrates coated with NiOx and regenerate their based PSCs by function of dialkylamines. The champion recycled PSC can achieve 20% in conversion-efficiency, higher than 17.92% of the fresh one. Strikingly, the regenerated devices can remain superior to the fresh ones in the first 7 of 10 recycles. The comprehensive X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy analysis reveals that dipropylamine has a suitable interaction with NiOx surfaces by Ni-N coordination, enabling its effective interfacial passivation and template effect of high-quality growth of perovskites. That leads to the suppressed nonradiative recombination of both interfacial and bulk, and finally improves the device performances. The dialkylamines driven two-step recycling process offers a promising and highly reproducible strategy to recycle PSCs, especially the cost-dominated NiOx/ITO substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyuan Feng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Shuangpeng Wang
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yudong Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jingwei Xiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Limin Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zikang Tang
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Zhubing He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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7
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Chowdhury MS, Rahman KS, Selvanathan V, Hasan AKM, Jamal MS, Samsudin NA, Akhtaruzzaman M, Amin N, Techato K. Recovery of FTO coated glass substrate via environment-friendly facile recycling perovskite solar cells. RSC Adv 2021; 11:14534-14541. [PMID: 35423997 PMCID: PMC8697776 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00338k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have recently emerged as a potential candidate for large-scale and low-cost photovoltaic devices. However, the technology is still susceptible to degradation issues and toxicity concerns due to the presence of lead (Pb). Therefore, investigation on ideal methods to deal with PSC wastes once the device attains its end-of-life is crucial and to recycle the components within the cell is the most cost effective and energy effective method by far. This paper reported on a layer-by-layer extraction approach to recycle the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrate which is the most expensive component in the device architecture of mesoporous planar PSC. By adapting the sequential removal of each layer, chemical properties of individual components, including spiro-OMeTAD and gold can be preserved, enabling the material to be easily reused. It also ensured that the toxic Pb component could be isolated without contaminating other materials. The removal of all individual layers allows the retrieval of FTO conductive glass which can be used in various applications that are not only restricted to photovoltaics. Comparison of electrical, morphological and physical properties of recycled FTO glasses to commercial ones revealed minimal variations. This confirmed that the recycling approach was useful in retrieving the substrate without affecting its physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Chowdhury
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University 90110 Songkhla Thailand
- Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia
- Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University 90110 Songkhla Thailand
| | - Kazi Sajedur Rahman
- Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia
| | - Vidhya Selvanathan
- Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia
| | - A K Mahmud Hasan
- Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia
| | - M S Jamal
- Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia
- Institute of Fuel Research and Development (IFRD), BCSIR Dhaka-1205 Bangladesh
| | - Nurul Asma Samsudin
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (The National Energy University), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Malaysia
| | - Md Akhtaruzzaman
- Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia
| | - Nowshad Amin
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (The National Energy University), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Malaysia
- College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (@UNITEN), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Malaysia
| | - Kuaanan Techato
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University 90110 Songkhla Thailand
- Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University 90110 Songkhla Thailand
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8
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Dhamaniya BP, Chhillar P, Kumar A, Chandratre K, Mahato S, Ganesan KP, Pathak SK. Orientation-Controlled ( h0 l) PbI 2 Crystallites Using a Novel Pb-Precursor for Facile and Quick Sequential MAPbI 3 Perovskite Deposition. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:31180-31191. [PMID: 33324827 PMCID: PMC7726936 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid lead halide perovskites have shown significant progress in the last few years having achieved efficiencies over 25% at the lab scale. The sequential deposition technique has provided a robust approach in the perovskite film fabrication. However, obtaining a reproducible and quality perovskite film has always been challenging because of the highly crystalline and ordered (001) oriented underlying PbI2 film. Here, we report a simple solution approach to fabricate a PbI2 residue-free, superior grade perovskite film by using a compositional engineered PbI2-precursor solution. We demonstrate that the Pb-precursor film crystallized into a R-centered Hexagonal metric lattice with (h0l), (hk0), and (00l) orientations provides a more efficient and quicker conversion into perovskites compared to conventional (001) oriented 2H-PbI2. A porous and multi-oriented PbI2 film is prepared by rationally incorporating a volumetric fraction of Pb(Ac)2·3H2O in the typical PbI2/dimethylformamide precursor solution, which significantly improves the surface features of PbI2 as well as the structural properties. As a result, a compact, smooth, and large grain perovskite can be obtained by accomplishing a full conversion with comparatively much less reaction time. Furthermore, a comprehensive mechanism of structural modification of PbI2 and the role of its orientation in ameliorating the reaction kinetics has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhanu Pratap Dhamaniya
- Centre
for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of
Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
- U.R.
Rao Satellite Centre, Indian Space Research
Organisation, Bengaluru 560017, Karnataka, India
| | - Priyanka Chhillar
- Centre
for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of
Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Centre
for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of
Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Kartiki Chandratre
- Centre
for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of
Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Sanchayan Mahato
- Centre
for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of
Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Krishna Priya Ganesan
- U.R.
Rao Satellite Centre, Indian Space Research
Organisation, Bengaluru 560017, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Pathak
- Centre
for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of
Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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9
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Lee SW, Bae S, Kim D, Lee HS. Historical Analysis of High-Efficiency, Large-Area Solar Cells: Toward Upscaling of Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002202. [PMID: 33035369 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The status and problems of upscaling research on perovskite solar cells, which must be addressed for commercialization efforts to be successful, are investigated. An 804 cm2 perovskite solar module has been reported with 17.9% efficiency, which is significantly lower than the champion perovskite solar cell efficiency of 25.2% reported for a 0.09 cm2 aperture area. For the realization of upscaling high-quality perovskite solar cells, the upscaling and development history of conventional silicon, copper indium gallium sulfur/selenide and CdTe solar cells, which are already commercialized with modules of sizes up to ≈25 000 cm2 , are reviewed. GaAs, organic, dye-sensitized solar cells and perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells are also reviewed. The similarities of the operating mechanisms between the various solar cells and the origin of different development pathway are investigated, and the ideal upscaling direction of perovskite solar cells is subsequently proposed. It is believed that lessons learned from the historical analysis of various solar cells provide a fundamental diagnosis of relative and absolute development status of perovskite solar cells. The unique perspective proposed here can pave the way toward the upscaling of perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Won Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyun Bae
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghwan Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Energy and Environment (KU-KIST Green School), Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Seok Lee
- Graduate School of Energy and Environment (KU-KIST Green School), Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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10
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Ravi VK, Mondal B, Nawale VV, Nag A. Don't Let the Lead Out: New Material Chemistry Approaches for Sustainable Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:29631-29641. [PMID: 33251399 PMCID: PMC7689680 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites are seriously considered for next generation photovoltaic technology. They have a unique combination of easy synthesis, high efficiency, and cost-effective techniques. Still, the major concern is the toxicity of lead used in perovskite devices. The research community is still debating whether the amount of lead used in a solar cell really poses a danger or not. However, it is pretty clear that mitigating the lead leakage from the lead halide perovskite device is of utmost importance. In this review, we discuss new material chemistry approaches that can be applied to reduce the lead leakage/wastage from damaged lead halide perovskite solar cells. ECR (encapsulate, capture, and recycle) approaches have the potential to significantly reduce the environmental and health hazard risks of lead halide perovskite devices. Encapsulation by a self-healing material and rigid glass can help the perovskite survive the extreme conditions and avoid exposure of the perovskite layer to the external environment. Capturing of lead can also be done by an encapsulant layer that can very quickly and efficiently bind to lead, in the case that it leaks from the damaged perovskite device. Moreover, the recycling of damaged or decommissioned devices helps to avoid the lead wastage and contamination in the environment. Finally, we also discuss the potential of lead-free perovskite for optoelectronic applications.
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11
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Gualdrón-Reyes AF, Rodríguez-Pereira J, Amado-González E, Rueda-P J, Ospina R, Masi S, Yoon SJ, Tirado J, Jaramillo F, Agouram S, Muñoz-Sanjosé V, Giménez S, Mora-Seró I. Unravelling the Photocatalytic Behavior of All-Inorganic Mixed Halide Perovskites: The Role of Surface Chemical States. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:914-924. [PMID: 31805231 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Within the most mesmerizing materials in the world of optoelectronics, mixed halide perovskites (MHPs) have been distinguished because of the tunability of their optoelectronic properties, balancing both the light-harvesting efficiency and the charge extraction into highly efficient solar devices. This feature has drawn the attention of analogous hot topics as photocatalysis for carrying out more efficiently the degradation of organic compounds. However, the photo-oxidation ability of perovskite depends not only on its excellent light-harvesting properties but also on the surface chemical environment provided during its synthesis. Accordingly, we studied the role of surface chemical states of MHP-based nanocrystals (NCs) synthesized by hot-injection (H-I) and anion-exchange (A-E) approaches on their photocatalytic (PC) activity for the oxidation of β-naphthol as a model system. We concluded that iodide vacancies are the main surface chemical states that facilitate the formation of superoxide ions, O2●-, which are responsible for the PC activity in A-E-MHP. Conversely, the PC performance of H-I-MHP is related to the appropriate balance between band gap and a highly oxidizing valence band. This work offers new insights on the surface properties of MHP related to their catalytic activity in photochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés F Gualdrón-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Biocombustibles Lab-IBEAR, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas , Universidad de Pamplona , Pamplona , Norte de Santander 543050 , Colombia
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM) , Universitat Jaume I (UJI) , Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n , 12071 Castellón de la Plana , Spain
| | - Jhonatan Rodríguez-Pereira
- Centro de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica en Materiales y Nanociencias (CMN) , Universidad Industrial de Santander , Piedecuesta , Santander 681011 , Colombia
| | - Eliseo Amado-González
- Laboratorio de Biocombustibles Lab-IBEAR, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas , Universidad de Pamplona , Pamplona , Norte de Santander 543050 , Colombia
| | - Jorge Rueda-P
- Grupo de Óptica Moderna, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas , Universidad de Pamplona , Pamplona, Pamplona , Norte de Santander 543050 , Colombia
| | - Rogelio Ospina
- Centro de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica en Materiales y Nanociencias (CMN) , Universidad Industrial de Santander , Piedecuesta , Santander 681011 , Colombia
| | - Sofia Masi
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM) , Universitat Jaume I (UJI) , Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n , 12071 Castellón de la Plana , Spain
| | - Seog Joon Yoon
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM) , Universitat Jaume I (UJI) , Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n , 12071 Castellón de la Plana , Spain
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science , Yeungnam University , 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan , Gyeongbuk 38541 , Republic of Korea
| | - Juan Tirado
- Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo de Materiales CIDEMAT , Universidad de Antioquia UdeA , Calle 70 No. 52-21 , Medellín 1226 , Colombia
| | - Franklin Jaramillo
- Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo de Materiales CIDEMAT , Universidad de Antioquia UdeA , Calle 70 No. 52-21 , Medellín 1226 , Colombia
| | - Said Agouram
- Department of Applied Physics and Electromagnetism , University of Valencia (UV) , 46100 Valencia , Spain
- Materials for Renewable Energy (MAER) , Unitat Mixta d'Investigació UV-UJI , 46010 Valencia , Spain
| | - Vicente Muñoz-Sanjosé
- Department of Applied Physics and Electromagnetism , University of Valencia (UV) , 46100 Valencia , Spain
- Materials for Renewable Energy (MAER) , Unitat Mixta d'Investigació UV-UJI , 46010 Valencia , Spain
| | - Sixto Giménez
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM) , Universitat Jaume I (UJI) , Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n , 12071 Castellón de la Plana , Spain
- Materials for Renewable Energy (MAER) , Unitat Mixta d'Investigació UV-UJI , 46010 Valencia , Spain
| | - Iván Mora-Seró
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM) , Universitat Jaume I (UJI) , Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n , 12071 Castellón de la Plana , Spain
- Materials for Renewable Energy (MAER) , Unitat Mixta d'Investigació UV-UJI , 46010 Valencia , Spain
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