1
|
Lee BJ, Yoo HM. Effects of Carbon Black on Mechanical Properties and Oil Resistance of Liquid Silicone Rubber. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:933. [PMID: 38611191 PMCID: PMC11013876 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Liquid silicone rubber (LSR) garners attention across a diverse range of industries owing to its commendable fluidity and heat resistance. Nonetheless, its mechanical strength and oil resistance fall short compared to other rubbers, necessitating enhancement through the incorporation of a suitable filler. This research focuses on reinforcing LSR using carbon black (CB) particles as a filler, evaluating the mechanical properties and oil resistance of neat LSR, and LSR containing up to 3 wt% of CB filler. CB was added in powder form to investigate its effect on LSR. When LSR was impregnated with oil, the deterioration of rubber was noticeably observed under high-temperature conditions compared to room-temperature conditions. Consequently, the mechanical properties and oil resistance, excluding the permanent compression reduction rate, tended to increase as the filling content of CB increased compared to the unfilled state. Notably, in the specimen with 2 wt% CB filler, the tensile modulus increased significantly by 48% and the deterioration rate was reduced by about 50% under accelerated deterioration conditions. Additionally, the swelling rate in oil decreased by around 14%. This validates a notable improvement in both mechanical properties and oil resistance. Based on the identified mechanism for properties enhancement in this study, CB/LSR composite is expected to have a wide range of applications in fields such as gaskets, oil seals, and flexible sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyeong-Min Yoo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education (KOREATECH), Cheonan 31253, Republic of Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Optimization and Characterization of the F-LSR Manufacturing Process Using Quaternary Ammonium Silanolate as an Initiator for Synthesizing Fluorosilicone. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245502. [PMID: 36559868 PMCID: PMC9784997 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the growing demand for versatile hybrid materials that can withstand harsh conditions (below -40 °C), fluorosilicone copolymers are becoming promising materials that can overcome the limited operating temperature of conventional rubber. In order to synthesize a fluorosilicone copolymer, a potent initiator capable of simultaneously initiating various siloxane monomers in anionic ring-opening polymerization (AROP) is required. In this study, tetramethyl ammonium silanolate (TMAS), a quaternary ammonium (QA) anion, was employed as an initiator for AROP, thereby fluoro-methyl-vinyl-silicone (FVMQ) and fluoro-hydrido-methyl-silicone (FHMQ) were successfully synthesized under optimized conditions. FT-IR, NMR, and GPC analyses confirmed that the chain length and functional group content of FVMQ and FHMQ are controlled by changing the ratio of the components. Moreover, fluorine-involved liquid silicone rubber (F-LSR) was prepared with FVMQ as the main chain and FHMQ as a crosslinker. The tensile strength, elongation, and hardness of each F-LSR sample were measured. Finally, it was confirmed through TGA, DSC, TR-test, and embrittlement testing that elastic retention at low temperatures improved even though the heat resistance slightly decreased as the trifluoropropyl group increased in F-LSR. We anticipate that the optimization of fluorosilicone synthesis initiated by QA and the comprehensive characterization of F-LSRs with different fluorine content and chain lengths will be pivotal to academia and industry.
Collapse
|
3
|
Persson AMMR, Andreassen E. Cyclic Compression Testing of Three Elastomer Types-A Thermoplastic Vulcanizate Elastomer, a Liquid Silicone Rubber and Two Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Rubbers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14071316. [PMID: 35406192 PMCID: PMC9002981 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermoplastic elastomer vulcanizate (TPV) and liquid silicone rubber (LSR) are replacement candidates for ethylene-propylene-diene rubbers (EPDM), as they offer the possibility for two-component injection moulding. In this study, these material types were compared side by side in cyclic compression tests. The materials were also characterized to provide details on the formulations. Compared to the rubbers, the TPV had higher compression set (after a given cycle) and hysteresis loss, and a stronger Mullins effect. This is due to the thermoplastic matrix in the TPV. The LSR had lower compression set (after a given cycle) than the EPDM, but stronger Mullins effect and higher relative hysteresis loss. These differences between the LSR and the EPDM are likely due to differences in polymer network structure and type of filler. Methods for quantifying the Mullins effect are proposed, and correlations between a Mullins index and parameters such as compression set are discussed. The EPDMs showed a distinct trend in compression set, relative hysteresis loss and relaxed stress fraction vs. strain amplitude; these entities were almost independent of strain amplitude in the range 15-35%, while they increased in this range for the TPV and the LSR. The difference between the compression set values of the LSR and the EPDM decreased with increasing strain amplitude and increasing strain recovery time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Märta Ruth Persson
- Dept. of Manufacturing and Civil Engineering, NTNU, P.O. Box 191, 2802 Gjøvik, Norway
- Polymer and Composite Materials Group, SINTEF Industry, P.O. Box 124 Blindern, 0314 Oslo, Norway
- Correspondence: (A.-M.M.R.P.); (E.A.)
| | - Erik Andreassen
- Polymer and Composite Materials Group, SINTEF Industry, P.O. Box 124 Blindern, 0314 Oslo, Norway
- Correspondence: (A.-M.M.R.P.); (E.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu Q, Huang W, Liu B, Wang PC, Chen HB. Gamma Radiation Chemistry of Polydimethylsiloxane Foam in Radiation-Thermal Environments: Experiments and Simulations. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:41287-41302. [PMID: 34410100 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The γ radiolysis behavior of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) in the radiation-thermal environments (dose rate, 0.2 Gy/s) is studied to pinpoint the basic knowledge of the temperature (20-70 °C) effects. The non-monotonous temperature effects on the formation of gas products, paramagnetic species in silica, and cross-linking density are proposed to correlate with the complex chemical reaction mechanisms. Besides, molecular dynamics simulation and theoretical calculation are first performed simultaneously based on the radical chemistry and intricate material composition, making it easier to comprehend and further harness the radiolysis mechanisms and structure deterioration of PDMS. The γ radiation-induced primary gas products and dominant cross-linking phenomena are reproduced by the molecular dynamics simulations with a reactive force field, and the reaction mechanisms and physicochemical interactions among PDMS chains, gas products, reactive radicals, and silica fillers are thoroughly studied at the atomic scale. The thermochemistry of the barrierless radical coupling reactions and reactions with explicit high-barrier transition states is calculated at the M06-2X theoretical level with the 6-311g(d, p) basis set. The barrierless reactions are all exothermal with the heat release of 321-618 kJ/mol, while the potential barriers for reactions with explicit transition states vary between 37 and 229 kJ/mol. The results show that γ radiation-induced radicals are crucial for the ensuing gas formation and cross-linking reactions, especially for the radical coupling reactions. The radical chemistry involved in the radiolytic PDMS is the key to understand and simulate its radiolysis behavior, according to the experimental and simulated results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Pu-Cheng Wang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Hong-Bing Chen
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621000, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Enhanced mechanical and adhesive properties of PDMS based on novel PDMS-epoxy IPN structure. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02518-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
6
|
Bont M, Barry C, Johnston S. A review of liquid silicone rubber injection molding: Process variables and process modeling. POLYM ENG SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Bont
- Plastics Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell Massachusetts USA
| | - Carol Barry
- Plastics Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell Massachusetts USA
| | - Stephen Johnston
- Plastics Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell Massachusetts USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Stier SP, Uhl D, Löbmann P, Böse H. Dynamic electro‐mechanical analysis of highly conductive particle‐elastomer composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon P. Stier
- Center Smart Materials and Adaptive Systems Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC Würzburg Germany
| | - Detlev Uhl
- Center Smart Materials and Adaptive Systems Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC Würzburg Germany
| | - Peer Löbmann
- Center Smart Materials and Adaptive Systems Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC Würzburg Germany
| | - Holger Böse
- Center Smart Materials and Adaptive Systems Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC Würzburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Khelevina OG, Malyasova AS, Koifman OI. Cross-Linking of Oligosiloxanediols and Element-Oligosiloxane
Diols. Properties of Materials on Their Basis. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363220090108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
9
|
Dai M, Wang J, Zhang Y. Improving water resistance of waterborne polyurethane coating with high transparency and good mechanical properties. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
10
|
Wang K, Pan W, Liu Z, Wallin TJ, van Dover G, Li S, Giannelis EP, Menguc Y, Shepherd RF. 3D Printing of Viscoelastic Suspensions via Digital Light Synthesis for Tough Nanoparticle-Elastomer Composites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2001646. [PMID: 32419251 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The rheological parameters required to print viscoelastic nanoparticle suspensions toward tough elastomers via Digital Light Synthesis (DLS) (an inverted projection stereolithography system) are reported. With a model material of functionalized silica nanoparticles suspended in a poly(dimethylsiloxane) matrix, the rheological-parameters-guided DLS can print structures seven times tougher than those formed from the neat polymers. The large yield stress and high viscosity associated with these high concentration nanoparticle suspensions, however, may prevent pressure-driven flow, a mechanism essential to stereolithography-based printing. Thus, to better predict and evaluate the printability of high concentration nanoparticle suspensions, the boundary of rheological properties compatible with DLS is defined using a non-dimensional Peclet number (Pe). Based on the proposed analysis of rheological parameters, the border of printability at standard temperature and pressure (STP) is established by resin with a silica nanoparticle mass fraction (ϕsilica ) of 0.15. Above this concentration, nanoparticle suspensions have Pe > 1 and are not printable. Beyond STP, the printability can be further extended to ϕsilica = 0.20 via a heating module with lower shear rate to reduce the Pe < 1. The printed rubber possesses even higher toughness (Γ ≈ 155 kJ m-3 ), which is 40% higher over that of ϕsilica = 0.15.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Wenyang Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Zheng Liu
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | | | | | - Shuo Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Emmanuel P Giannelis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | | | - Robert F Shepherd
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu Y, Wang C, Jarrell RM, Nair S, Wynne KJ, Di D. Icephobic, Pt-Cured, Polydimethylsiloxane Nanocomposite Coatings. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:11180-11189. [PMID: 32011843 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To explore novel coatings with potential for easy release of ice (icephobicity), a series of platinum-cured silicone coatings was prepared incorporating SYL-OFF 7210, designated MQ-R, as a nanoscale reinforcing component. These optically transparent coatings are designated according to cure temperature and MQ-R wt %, for example, Pt-PDMS(25)-20 for 25 °C cure and 20 wt % MQ-R. Surface characterization included dynamic contact angles and morphology by atomic force microscopy. Bulk characterization was accomplished with stress-strain measurements at 25 °C and dynamic mechanical analysis from -110 to 150 °C. Ice adhesion tests at -10 °C showed modulus had a dominant effect in increasing τice, the peak removal force. At -30 °C, storage modulus was greater for coatings cured at 100 °C compared to 25 °C, but ice removal tests at -30 °C (-22 °F) consistently showed τice for Pt-PDMS(100) MQ-R compositions was less than τice for corresponding Pt-PDMS(25) coatings. This unexpected result was explained by proposing that supercooled water at hydrophilic interfacial sites (-10 °C) does not impede ice removal but frozen water pins ice at -30 °C. Interestingly, MQ-R was found to be a reactive filler that increased modulus after 100 °C cure especially for Pt-PDMS(100)-30 (3 MPa) and Pt-PDMS(100)-40 (5 MPa). In summary, by virtue of resistance to ice adhesion Pt(PDMS) coatings with low MQ-R content have potential for conferring energy savings and safety while high MQ-R content results in noteworthy mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
- Center of Resource Chemical and New Material, 36 Jinshui Road, Qingdao 266100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Rebecca M Jarrell
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Sithara Nair
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Kenneth J Wynne
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Duolong Di
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
- Center of Resource Chemical and New Material, 36 Jinshui Road, Qingdao 266100, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ma R, Chou SY, Xie Y, Pei Q. Morphological/nanostructural control toward intrinsically stretchable organic electronics. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:1741-1786. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00834e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The development of intrinsically stretchable electronics poses great challenges in synthesizing elastomeric conductors, semiconductors and dielectric materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rujun Ma
- Soft Materials Research Laboratory
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science
- University of California
- Los Angeles
| | - Shu-Yu Chou
- Soft Materials Research Laboratory
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science
- University of California
- Los Angeles
| | - Yu Xie
- Soft Materials Research Laboratory
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science
- University of California
- Los Angeles
| | - Qibing Pei
- Soft Materials Research Laboratory
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science
- University of California
- Los Angeles
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
How the Crosslinking Agent Influences the Thermal Stability of RTV Phenyl Silicone Rubber. MATERIALS 2018; 12:ma12010088. [PMID: 30591686 PMCID: PMC6337489 DOI: 10.3390/ma12010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a thermal degradation mechanism of room temperature vulcanized (RTV) phenyl silicone rubber that was vulcanized by different crosslinking agents was discussed. Firstly, RTV phenyl silicone rubber samples were prepared by curing hydroxyl-terminated polymethyldiphenylsiloxane via three crosslinking agents, namely, tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), tetrapropoxysilane (TPOS), and polysilazane. Secondly, the ablation properties of RTV phenyl silicone rubber were studied by the muffle roaster test and FT-IR. Thirdly, thermal stability of the three samples was studied by thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. Finally, to explore the thermal degradation mechanism, the RTV phenyl silicone rubber vulcanized by different crosslinking agents were characterized by TG analysis-mass spectrum (TG-MS) and pyrolysis gas chromatogram-mass spectrum (pyGC-MS). Results showed that the thermal stability of RTV phenyl silicone rubber is related to the amount of residual Si–OH groups. The residual Si–OH groups initiated the polysiloxane chain degradation via an ‘unzipping’ mechanism.
Collapse
|
14
|
Prediction of strain rate sensitivity of high density polyethylene using integral transform of dynamic mechanical analysis data. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
15
|
Ren N, Matta ME, Martinez H, Walton KL, Munro JC, Schneiderman DK, Hillmyer MA. Filler-Reinforced Elastomers Based on Functional Polyolefin Prepolymers. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ren
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0132, United States
| | - Megan E. Matta
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Henry Martinez
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Kim L. Walton
- The Dow Chemical Company, Freeport, Texas 77541, United States
| | | | - Deborah K. Schneiderman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Marc A. Hillmyer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Baumgart C, Weiß D, Altstädt V. Influence of different tempering conditions on the adhesion properties of thermoplastic/liquid silicone rubber combinations. POLYM ENG SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Baumgart
- Plastic-Injection Molding; Neue Materialien Bayreuth GmbH; Bayreuth Germany
| | - D. Weiß
- Plastic-Injection Molding; Neue Materialien Bayreuth GmbH; Bayreuth Germany
| | - V. Altstädt
- Plastic-Injection Molding; Neue Materialien Bayreuth GmbH; Bayreuth Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Islamova RM, Dobrynin MV, Ivanov DM, Vlasov AV, Kaganova EV, Grigoryan GV, Kukushkin VY. bis-Nitrile and bis-Dialkylcyanamide Platinum(II) Complexes as Efficient Catalysts for Hydrosilylation Cross-Linking of Siloxane Polymers. Molecules 2016; 21:311. [PMID: 26959003 PMCID: PMC6274487 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
cis- and trans-Isomers of the platinum(II) nitrile complexes [PtCl2(NCR)2] (R = NMe2, N(C₅H10), Ph, CH2Ph) were examined as catalysts for hydrosilylation cross-linking of vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and trimethylsilyl-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane-co-ethylhydrosiloxane) producing high quality silicone rubbers. Among the tested platinum species the cis-complexes are much more active catalysts than their trans-congeners and for all studied platinum complexes cis-[PtCl2(NCCH2Ph)2] exhibits the best catalytic activity (room temperature, c = 1.0 × 10(-4) mol/L, τpot-life 60 min, τcuring 6 h). Although cis-[PtCl₂(NCCH2Ph)2] is less active than the widely used Karstedt's catalyst, its application for the cross-linking can be performed not only at room temperature (c = 1.0 × 10(-4) mol/L), but also, more efficiently, at 80 °C (c = 1.0 × 10(-4)-1.0 × 10(-5) mol/L) and it prevents adherence of the formed silicone rubbers to equipment. The usage of the cis- and trans-[PtCl2(NCR)2] complexes as the hydrosilylation catalysts do not require any inhibitors and, moreover, the complexes and their mixtures with vinyl- and trimethylsilyl terminated polysiloxanes are shelf-stable in air. Tested catalysts do not form colloid platinum particles after the cross-linking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Regina M Islamova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Mikhail V Dobrynin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Daniil M Ivanov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Andrey V Vlasov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Elena V Kaganova
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise S.V. Lebedev Research Institute for Synthetic Rubber, Gapsal'skaya, 1, 198035 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Galina V Grigoryan
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise S.V. Lebedev Research Institute for Synthetic Rubber, Gapsal'skaya, 1, 198035 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Vadim Yu Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Madsen FB, Daugaard AE, Hvilsted S, Skov AL. The Current State of Silicone-Based Dielectric Elastomer Transducers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 37:378-413. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201500576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederikke B. Madsen
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; Søltofts Plads, building 227 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Anders E. Daugaard
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; Søltofts Plads, building 227 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Søren Hvilsted
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; Søltofts Plads, building 227 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Anne L. Skov
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; Søltofts Plads, building 227 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Demakova MY, Bolotin DS, Bokach NA, Islamova RM, Starova GL, Kukushkin VY. Click-Type PtII-Mediated Hydroxyguanidine-Nitrile Coupling Provides Useful Catalysts for Hydrosilylation Cross-Linking. Chempluschem 2015; 80:1607-1614. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201500327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ya. Demakova
- Institute of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State University; Universitetskaya nab. 26 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii S. Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State University; Universitetskaya nab. 26 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda A. Bokach
- Institute of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State University; Universitetskaya nab. 26 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Regina M. Islamova
- Institute of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State University; Universitetskaya nab. 26 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Galina L. Starova
- Institute of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State University; Universitetskaya nab. 26 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu. Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry; Saint Petersburg State University; Universitetskaya nab. 26 199034 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mariot D, Caro-Bretelle AS, Ienny P, Ganachaud F. Influence of the grafting topology of hydrophobic silica surfaces on the mechanical properties of silicone high consistency rubbers. POLYM INT 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Mariot
- Bluestar Silicones France S.A.S.; 55 Avenue des Frères Perret 69192 Saint-Fons Cedex France
| | | | - Patrick Ienny
- C2MA, Ecole des Mines d'Alès; 6 Avenue de Clavières 30319 Alès France
| | - François Ganachaud
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères; UMR CNRS 5223; Bâtiment Jules Verne, 17 avenue Jean Capelle 69621 Villeurbanne France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Stricher AM, Rinaldi RG, Barrès C, Ganachaud F, Chazeau L. How I met your elastomers: from network topology to mechanical behaviours of conventional silicone materials. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06965c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Main silicone elastomer formulations with different crosslinking chemistries are compared in terms of network structure versus mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Stricher
- IMP@INSA-Lyon
- CNRS UMR 5223
- F-69621 Villeurbanne
- France
- MATEIS
| | | | - C. Barrès
- IMP@INSA-Lyon
- CNRS UMR 5223
- F-69621 Villeurbanne
- France
| | - F. Ganachaud
- IMP@INSA-Lyon
- CNRS UMR 5223
- F-69621 Villeurbanne
- France
| | - L. Chazeau
- MATEIS
- CNRS UMR 5510
- F-69621 Villeurbanne
- France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Saxena A, Dasgupta D, Bhat S, Tiwari S, Samantara L, Wrobel D. Beneficial role of “sol-gel” synthesized mesoscale silica networks on the performance of liquid silicone elastomer. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anubhav Saxena
- Global Research and Development Center; Momentive Performance Materials Pvt. Ltd; Survey # 9 Electronic City West (Phase 1) Bangalore 560100 India
| | - Debarshi Dasgupta
- Global Research and Development Center; Momentive Performance Materials Pvt. Ltd; Survey # 9 Electronic City West (Phase 1) Bangalore 560100 India
| | - Shreedhar Bhat
- Global Research and Development Center; Momentive Performance Materials Pvt. Ltd; Survey # 9 Electronic City West (Phase 1) Bangalore 560100 India
| | - Sandip Tiwari
- Global Research and Development Center; Momentive Performance Materials Pvt. Ltd; Survey # 9 Electronic City West (Phase 1) Bangalore 560100 India
| | - Laxmi Samantara
- Global Research and Development Center; Momentive Performance Materials Pvt. Ltd; Survey # 9 Electronic City West (Phase 1) Bangalore 560100 India
| | - Dieter Wrobel
- Research and Development Center; Momentive Performance Materials GmbH; 51368 Leverkusen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
|