1
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Xu W, Werzer O, Spiliopoulos P, Mihhels K, Jiang Q, Meng Z, Tao H, Resel R, Tammelin T, Pettersson T, Kontturi E. Interfacial Engineering of Soft Matter Substrates by Solid-State Polymer Adsorption. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:32874-32885. [PMID: 38863159 PMCID: PMC11212027 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Polymer coating to substrates alters surface chemistry and imparts bulk material functionalities with a minute thickness, even in nanoscale. Specific surface modification of a substate usually requires an active substrate that, e.g., undergoes a chemical reaction with the modifying species. Here, we present a generic method for surface modification, namely, solid-state adsorption, occurring purely by entropic strive. Formed by heating above the melting point or glass transition and subsequent rinsing of the excess polymer, the emerging ultrathin (<10 nm) layers are known in fundamental polymer physics but have never been utilized as building blocks for materials and they have never been explored on soft matter substrates. We show with model surfaces as well as bulk substrates, how solid-state adsorption of common polymers, such as polystyrene and poly(lactic acid), can be applied on soft, cellulose-based substrates. Our study showcases the versatility of solid-state adsorption across various polymer/substrate systems. Specifically, we achieve proof-of-concept hydrophobization on flexible cellulosic substrates, maintaining irreversible and miniscule adsorption yet with nearly 100% coverage without compromising the bulk material properties. The method can be considered generic for all polymers whose Tg and Tm are below those of the to-be-coated adsorbed layer, and whose integrity can withstand the solvent leaching conditions. Its full potential has broad implications for diverse materials systems where surface coatings play an important role, such as packaging, foldable electronics, or membrane technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyang Xu
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
- Laboratory
of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo
Akademi University, FI-20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Oliver Werzer
- Joanneum
Research, Institute for Sensors, Photonics
and Manufacturing Technologies, Franz-Pichler-Strasse 30, 8160 Weiz, Austria
| | - Panagiotis Spiliopoulos
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Karl Mihhels
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Qixiang Jiang
- Polymer
and Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Institute of Materials Chemistry,
Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Zhuojun Meng
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Han Tao
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Roland Resel
- Institute
of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz
University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tekla Tammelin
- Biomass
Processing and Products, VTT Technical Research
Centre of Finland Ltd., FI-02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Torbjörn Pettersson
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Centre, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, Teknikringen
56, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eero Kontturi
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
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2
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Yin C, Hemstedt J, Scheuer K, Struczyńska M, Weber C, Schubert US, Bossert J, Jandt KD. The Effect of Stereocomplexation and Crystallinity on the Degradation of Polylactide Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:440. [PMID: 38470771 DOI: 10.3390/nano14050440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) are frequently researched and used in drug delivery. The degradation of PNPs is highly dependent on various properties, such as polymer chemical structure, size, crystallinity, and melting temperature. Hence, a precise understanding of PNP degradation behavior is essential for optimizing the system. This study focused on enzymatic hydrolysis as a degradation mechanism by investigation of the degradation of PNP with various crystallinities. The aliphatic polyester polylactide ([C3H4O2]n, PLA) was used as two chiral forms, poly l-lactide (PlLA) and poly d-lactide (PdLA), and formed a unique crystalline stereocomplex (SC). PNPs were prepared via a nanoprecipitation method. In order to further control the crystallinity and melting temperatures of the SC, the polymer poly(3-ethylglycolide) [C6H8O4]n (PEtGly) was synthesized. Our investigation shows that the PNP degradation can be controlled by various chemical structures, crystallinity and stereocomplexation. The influence of proteinase K on PNP degradation was also discussed in this research. AFM did not reveal any changes within the first 24 h but indicated accelerated degradation after 7 days when higher EtGly content was present, implying that lower crystallinity renders the particles more susceptible to hydrolysis. QCM-D exhibited reduced enzyme adsorption and a slower degradation rate in SC-PNPs with lower EtGly contents and higher crystallinities. A more in-depth analysis of the degradation process unveiled that QCM-D detected rapid degradation from the outset, whereas AFM exhibited delayed changes of degradation. The knowledge gained in this work is useful for the design and creation of advanced PNPs with enhanced structures and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Yin
- Chair of Material Science (CMS), Otto Schott Institute for Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jenny Hemstedt
- Chair of Material Science (CMS), Otto Schott Institute for Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Karl Scheuer
- Chair of Material Science (CMS), Otto Schott Institute for Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Maja Struczyńska
- Chair of Material Science (CMS), Otto Schott Institute for Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena School for Microbial Communication (JSMC), Neugasse 23, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christine Weber
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jörg Bossert
- Chair of Material Science (CMS), Otto Schott Institute for Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Klaus D Jandt
- Chair of Material Science (CMS), Otto Schott Institute for Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena School for Microbial Communication (JSMC), Neugasse 23, 07743 Jena, Germany
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3
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Solhi L, Guccini V, Heise K, Solala I, Niinivaara E, Xu W, Mihhels K, Kröger M, Meng Z, Wohlert J, Tao H, Cranston ED, Kontturi E. Understanding Nanocellulose-Water Interactions: Turning a Detriment into an Asset. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1925-2015. [PMID: 36724185 PMCID: PMC9999435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Modern technology has enabled the isolation of nanocellulose from plant-based fibers, and the current trend focuses on utilizing nanocellulose in a broad range of sustainable materials applications. Water is generally seen as a detrimental component when in contact with nanocellulose-based materials, just like it is harmful for traditional cellulosic materials such as paper or cardboard. However, water is an integral component in plants, and many applications of nanocellulose already accept the presence of water or make use of it. This review gives a comprehensive account of nanocellulose-water interactions and their repercussions in all key areas of contemporary research: fundamental physical chemistry, chemical modification of nanocellulose, materials applications, and analytical methods to map the water interactions and the effect of water on a nanocellulose matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Solhi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Valentina Guccini
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Katja Heise
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Iina Solala
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Elina Niinivaara
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland.,Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Wenyang Xu
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland.,Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, TurkuFI-20500, Finland
| | - Karl Mihhels
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Marcel Kröger
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Zhuojun Meng
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland.,Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou325001, China
| | - Jakob Wohlert
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre (WWSC), Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Han Tao
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Emily D Cranston
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1Z4, Canada.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Eero Kontturi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
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4
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Xu J, Zhang J, Zhang F, Zhang L. Copolymer-Functionalized Cellulose Nanocrystals as a pH- and NIR-Triggered Drug Carrier for Simultaneous Photothermal Therapy and Chemotherapy of Cancer Cells. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4308-4317. [PMID: 36146942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As a class of biocompatible and biodegradable naturally derived nanomaterials, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with diverse surface functionalization have aroused considerable attention for a range of biomedical applications in drug or gene delivery, as a fluorescent nanoprobe, in cancer targeting, and in photothermal cancer therapy, among others. Herein, we construct the copolymer-functionalized CNCs as a pH- and near-infrared (NIR)-triggered drug carrier for simultaneous photothermal therapy and chemotherapy of cancer cells. Poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PCL-b-PDMAEMA) was conjugated onto the surface of CNCs through ring-opening polymerization, followed by activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP). The resultant CNC-based drug carrier can encapsulate doxorubicin (DOX) as a therapeutic agent and indocyanine green (ICG) as an NIR dye in the PCL core and the PDMAEMA shell, respectively, via hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions. In addition to the intrinsic pH response, the release profile of DOX can also be controlled by the duration of laser irradiation due to collapse of the crystal structure of the PCL domain with the increase of temperature induced by photothermal conversion. The drug carrier can exhibit enhanced cytotoxicity toward HepG2, human hepatocyte carcinoma, cells upon laser irradiation, which can be attributed to the synergistic effect arising from NIR-triggered burst release of DOX and photothermal heating. The rod-like morphology of the CNC-based drug carrier may help accelerate the endocytosis in cell membranes compared with its common spherical counterpart. Based on the abovementioned advantages, copolymer-functionalized CNCs can serve as a promising candidate for effective cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchang Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.,Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Fusheng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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5
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Hu C, Lin Y, Yang Y, Wang L, Liang H, Wu J, He G, Shao L. High-Performance Dental Composites Based on Hierarchical Reinforcements. J Dent Res 2022; 101:912-920. [PMID: 35184584 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221074909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Use of high-performance fibers such as poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) (PBO) improves the mechanical properties of dental fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs). However, the surfaces of high-performance fibers are relatively inert, and the interface with the resin matrix is poor. This has become a limitation restricting the performance of PBO FRCs in dentistry. Nanomaterials were introduced onto PBO fibers to construct various hierarchical reinforcements to obtain a dental FRC with higher flexural performance and optimized interface bonding. Four hierarchical reinforcements were constructed: PBO-ZnO nanoparticles (NPs), PBO-ZnO nanowires (NWs), PBO-ZnO NPs–cage silsesquioxane (POSS), and PBO-ZnO NWs-POSS. Performance following this optimized method was evaluated at macroscale and microscale levels, including measurement of the interfacial properties and mechanical properties of FRCs. The physicochemical characteristics of PBO fibers before and after modification were measured to determine the interfacial bonding mechanisms and to verify the connection between the microinterface and macromechanical properties. The cytotoxicity of the preferred PBO FRC was evaluated using the CCK8 assay. In comparison to other designs, the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of PBO-ZnO NWs-POSS was the highest (29.31 ± 2.40 MPa). The corresponding FRC had the highest flexural strength under a static load (925.0 ± 39.2 MPa), the flexural modulus (39.39 ± 1.41 GPa) was equivalent to that of human dentin, and in vitro cytotoxicity was acceptable. The interfacial bonding mechanisms of PBO-ZnO NWs-POSS resulted from mechanical interlocking, chemical bonds, hydrogen bonds, and van der Waals forces. In summary, the PBO-ZnO NWs-POSS hierarchical reinforcement was introduced in dental FRCs and showed remarkable enhancement of the IFSS and flexural properties. We verified that the PBO-ZnO NWs-POSS hierarchical reinforcement was successful. This PBO FRC may be applied in dentistry as a new option for endodontic posts. Our study provides an interface design strategy for developing high-performance FRCs reinforced with high-performance fibers for dental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Hu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y.Q. Lin
- Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Y.J. Yang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - L.L. Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - H.M. Liang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - J.R. Wu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - G.X. He
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - L.Q. Shao
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou, China
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6
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Abousalman-Rezvani Z, Eskandari P, Roghani-Mamaqani H, Salami-Kalajahi M. Synthesis of coumarin-containing multi-responsive CNC-grafted and free copolymers with application in nitrate ion removal from aqueous solutions. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 225:115247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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7
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Kaldéus T, Träger A, Berglund LA, Malmström E, Lo Re G. Molecular Engineering of the Cellulose-Poly(Caprolactone) Bio-Nanocomposite Interface by Reactive Amphiphilic Copolymer Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2019; 13:6409-6420. [PMID: 31083978 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A molecularly engineered water-borne reactive compatibilizer is designed for tuning of the interface in melt-processed thermoplastic poly(caprolactone) (PCL)-cellulose nanocomposites. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites are studied by tensile testing and dynamic mechanical analysis. The reactive compatibilizer is a statistical copolymer of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate and 2-hydroxy methacrylate, which is subsequently esterified and quaternized. Quaternized ammonium groups in the reactive compatibilizer electrostatically match the negative surface charge of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). This results in core-shell CNFs with a thin uniform coating of the compatibilizer. This promotes the dispersion of CNFs in the PCL matrix, as concluded from high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Moreover, the compatibilizer "shell" has methacrylate functionalities, which allow for radical reactions during processing and links covalently with PCL. Compared to the bio-nanocomposite reference, the reactive compatibilizer (<4 wt %) increased Young's modulus by about 80% and work to fracture 10 times. Doubling the amount of peroxide caused further improved mechanical properties, in support of effects from higher cross-link density at the interface. Further studies of interfacial design in specific nanocellulose-based composite materials are warranted since the detrimental effects from CNFs agglomeration may have been underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Giada Lo Re
- Department of Industrial and Materials Science, Division of Engineering Materials , Chalmers University of Technology , Rännvägen 2 , SE-412 96 Gothenburg , Sweden
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8
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Engström J, Benselfelt T, Wågberg L, D'Agosto F, Lansalot M, Carlmark A, Malmström E. Tailoring adhesion of anionic surfaces using cationic PISA-latexes - towards tough nanocellulose materials in the wet state. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:4287-4302. [PMID: 30644950 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr08057g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cationic latexes with Tgs ranging between -40 °C and 120 °C were synthesised using n-butyl acrylate (BA) and/or methyl methacrylate (MMA) as the core polymers. Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) combined with polymerisation-induced self-assembly (PISA) allowed for in situ chain-extension of a cationic macromolecular RAFT agent (macroRAFT) of poly(N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl] methacrylamide) (PDMAPMA), used as stabiliser in so-called surfactant-free emulsion polymerisation. The resulting narrowly distributed nanosized latexes adsorbed readily onto silica surfaces and to model surfaces of cellulose nanofibrils, as demonstrated by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) measurements. Adsorption to anionic surfaces increased when increasing ionic strength to 10 mM, indicating the influence of the polyelectrolyte effect exerted by the corona. The polyelectrolyte corona affected the interactions in the wet state, the stability of the latex and re-dispersibility after drying. The QCM-D measurements showed that a lower Tg of the core results in a more strongly interacting adsorbed layer at the solid-liquid interface, despite a comparable adsorbed mass, indicating structural differences of the investigated latexes in the wet state. The two latexes with Tg below room temperature (i.e. PBATg-40 and P(BA-co-MMA)Tg3) exhibited film formation in the wet state, as shown by AFM colloidal probe measurements. It was observed that P(BA-co-MMA)Tg3 latex resulted in the largest pull-off force, above 200 m Nm-1 after 120 s in contact. The strongest wet adhesion was achieved with PDMAPMA-stabilized latexes soft enough to allow for interparticle diffusion of polymer chains, and stiff enough to create a strong adhesive joint. Fundamental understanding of interfacial properties of latexes and cellulose enables controlled and predictive strategies to produce strong and tough materials with high nanocellulose content, both in the wet and dry state.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Engström
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.
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9
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Li M, Xu Y, Sun J, Wang M, Yang D, Guo X, Song H, Cao S, Yan Y. Fabrication of Charge-Conversion Nanoparticles for Cancer Imaging by Flash Nanoprecipitation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:10752-10760. [PMID: 29470042 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b01788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Traditional charge-conversion nanoparticles (NPs) need the breakage of acid-labile groups on the surface, which impedes the rapid response to the acidic microenvironment. Here, we developed novel rodlike charge-conversion NPs with amphiphilic dextran- b-poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid), poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethylmethylacrylate)- b-poly(ε-caprolactone), and an aggregation-induced emission-active probe through flash nanoprecipitation (FNP). These NPs exhibit reversible negative-to-positive charge transition at a slightly acidic pH relying on the rapid protonation/deprotonation of polymers. The size and the critical charge-conversion pH can be further tuned by varying the flow rate and polymer ratio. Consequently, the charge conversion endows NPs with resistance to protein adsorption at physiological pH and enhanced internalization to cancer cells under acidic conditions. Ex vivo imaging on harvest organs shows that charge-conversion NPs were predominantly distributed in tumors after intravenous administration to mice due to the robust response of NPs to the acidic microenvironment in tumor tissue, whereas control NPs or free probes were broadly accumulated in tumor, liver, kidney, and lung. These results suggest the great potential of the current FNP strategy in the facile and generic fabrication of charge-conversion NPs for tumor-targeting delivery of drugs or fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yisheng Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang Bingtuan of Materials Chemical Engineering , Shihezi University , Shihezi 832000 , P. R. China
| | - Jinli Sun
- School of Public Health , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200025 , P. R. China
| | | | | | | | - Haiyun Song
- School of Public Health , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200025 , P. R. China
| | | | - Yunfeng Yan
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310014 , P. R. China
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10
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Tian X, Wang B, Li J, Zeng J, Chen K. Photochromic paper from wood pulp modification via layer-by-layer assembly of pulp fiber/chitosan/spiropyran. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 157:704-710. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Engström J, Hatton FL, Wågberg L, D'Agosto F, Lansalot M, Malmström E, Carlmark A. Soft and rigid core latex nanoparticles prepared by RAFT-mediated surfactant-free emulsion polymerization for cellulose modification – a comparative study. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01904h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Latex nanoparticles of high and low Tg-core block-copolymers were produced and their adsorption to (nano)cellulose surfaces was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Engström
- Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre
| | - F. L. Hatton
- Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - L. Wågberg
- Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre
| | - F. D'Agosto
- Université de Lyon
- Univ Lyon 1
- CPE Lyon
- CNRS
- UMR 5265
| | - M. Lansalot
- Université de Lyon
- Univ Lyon 1
- CPE Lyon
- CNRS
- UMR 5265
| | - E. Malmström
- Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - A. Carlmark
- Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre
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12
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Hatton FL, Engström J, Forsling J, Malmström E, Carlmark A. Biomimetic adsorption of zwitterionic–xyloglucan block copolymers to CNF: towards tailored super-absorbing cellulose materials. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28236a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Block-copolymer of xyloglucan and zwitterionic PSBMA prepared by RAFT as a biomimetic adsorbent for cellulose nanofibrils to create super-adsorbing gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. L. Hatton
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- SE-100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - J. Engström
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- SE-100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - J. Forsling
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- SE-100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - E. Malmström
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- SE-100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - A. Carlmark
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- SE-100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
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Träger A, Pendergraph SA, Pettersson T, Halthur T, Nylander T, Carlmark A, Wågberg L. Strong and tuneable wet adhesion with rationally designed layer-by-layer assembled triblock copolymer films. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:18204-18211. [PMID: 27752695 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr05659h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study the wet adhesion between Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assembled films of triblock copolymer micelles was investigated. Through the LbL assembly of triblock copolymer micelles with hydrophobic, low glass transition temperature (Tg) middle blocks and ionic outer blocks, a network of energy dissipating polymer chains with electrostatic interactions serving as crosslinks can be built. Four triblock copolymers were synthesized through Atom Transfer Radical Polymerisation (ATRP). One pair had a poly(2-ethyl-hexyl methacrylate) middle block with cationic or anionic outer blocks. The other pair contained the same ionic outer blocks but poly(n-butyl methacrylate) as the middle block. The wet adhesion was evaluated with colloidal probe AFM. To our knowledge, wet adhesion of the magnitude measured in this study has not previously been measured on any polymer system with this technique. We are convinced that this type of block copolymer system grants the ability to control the geometry and adhesive strength in a number of nano- and macroscale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Träger
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Samuel A Pendergraph
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Torbjörn Pettersson
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden. and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, Teknikringen 56, SE-110 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias Halthur
- CR Competence AB, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden and Malmö University, Faculty of Health and Society, Department of Biomedical Science, SE-20506 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tommy Nylander
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Carlmark
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lars Wågberg
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden. and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, Teknikringen 56, SE-110 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Hatton FL, Ruda M, Lansalot M, D’Agosto F, Malmström E, Carlmark A. Xyloglucan-Functional Latex Particles via RAFT-Mediated Emulsion Polymerization for the Biomimetic Modification of Cellulose. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:1414-24. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona L. Hatton
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of
Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Fibre and Polymer
Technology, Teknikringen
56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcus Ruda
- CelluTech AB, Teknikringen
38, SE-114 28 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muriel Lansalot
- Université de Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR
5265, C2P2 (Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes), Team LCPP,
Bat 308F, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Franck D’Agosto
- Université de Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR
5265, C2P2 (Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes), Team LCPP,
Bat 308F, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Eva Malmström
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of
Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Fibre and Polymer
Technology, Teknikringen
56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Carlmark
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of
Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Fibre and Polymer
Technology, Teknikringen
56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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Amphiphilic graft copolymers with ethyl cellulose backbone: Synthesis, self-assembly and tunable temperature–CO2 response. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 136:216-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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Ansari F, Salajková M, Zhou Q, Berglund LA. Strong Surface Treatment Effects on Reinforcement Efficiency in Biocomposites Based on Cellulose Nanocrystals in Poly(vinyl acetate) Matrix. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:3916-24. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qi Zhou
- School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova
University Centre, SE-106
91 Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Qin X, Xia W, Sinko R, Keten S. Tuning Glass Transition in Polymer Nanocomposites with Functionalized Cellulose Nanocrystals through Nanoconfinement. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:6738-6744. [PMID: 26340693 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) exhibit impressive interfacial and mechanical properties that make them promising candidates to be used as fillers within nanocomposites. While glass-transition temperature (Tg) is a common metric for describing thermomechanical properties, its prediction is extremely difficult as it depends on filler surface chemistry, volume fraction, and size. Here, taking CNC-reinforced poly(methyl-methacrylate) (PMMA) nanocomposites as a relevant model system, we present a multiscale analysis that combines atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) surface energy calculations with coarse-grained (CG) simulations of relaxation dynamics near filler-polymer interfaces to predict composite properties. We discover that increasing the volume fraction of CNCs results in nanoconfinement effects that lead to an appreciation of the composite Tg provided that strong interfacial interactions are achieved, as in the case of TEMPO-mediated surface modifications that promote hydrogen bonding. The upper and lower bounds of shifts in Tg are predicted by fully accounting for nanoconfinement and interfacial properties, providing new insight into tuning these aspects in nanocomposite design. Our multiscale, materials-by-design framework is validated by recent experiments and breaks new ground in predicting, without any empirical parameters, key structure-property relationships for nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3109, United States
| | - Wenjie Xia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3109, United States
| | - Robert Sinko
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3109, United States
| | - Sinan Keten
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3109, United States
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18
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Cheng F, Guan X, Cao H, Su T, Cao J, Chen Y, Cai M, He B, Gu Z, Luo X. Characteristic of core materials in polymeric micelles effect on their micellar properties studied by experimental and dpd simulation methods. Int J Pharm 2015. [PMID: 26196277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric micelles are one important class of nanoparticles for anticancer drug delivery, but the impact of hydrophobic segments on drug encapsulation and release is unclear, which deters the rationalization of drug encapsulation into polymeric micelles. This paper focused on studying the correlation between the characteristics of hydrophobic segments and encapsulation of structurally different drugs (DOX and β-carotene). Poly(ϵ-caprolactone) (PCL) or poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) were used as hydrophobic segments to synthesize micelle-forming amphiphilic block copolymers with the hydrophilic methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG). Both blank and drug loaded micelles were spherical in shape with sizes lower than 50 nm. PCL-based micelles exhibited higher drug loading capacity than their PLLA-based counterparts. Higher encapsulation efficiency of β-carotene was achieved compared with DOX. In addition, both doxorubicin and β-carotene were released much faster from PCL-based polymeric micelles. Dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulation revealed that the two drugs tended to aggregate in the core of the PCL-based micelles but disperse in the core of PLLA based micelles. In vitro cytotoxicity investigation of DOX loaded micelles demonstrated that a faster drug release warranted a more efficient cancer-killing effect. This research could serve as a guideline for the rational design of polymeric micelles for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xuewa Guan
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Huan Cao
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Ting Su
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jun Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Yuanwei Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Mengtan Cai
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Bin He
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xianglin Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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19
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Hatton FL, Malmström E, Carlmark A. Tailor-made copolymers for the adsorption to cellulosic surfaces. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Yan M, Yang H, Zhang G. Synthesis and properties of antifouling poly(CL-co-zDMAEMA) zwitterionic copolymer by one-step hybrid copolymerization. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 51:189-95. [PMID: 25842125 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel biocompatible and biodegradable copolymer was synthesized by one-step hybrid copolymerization of ε-caprolactone (CL) and 2-(N,N-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) employing (1-tert-butyl-4,4,4-tris(dimethylamino)-2,2-bis[tris(dimethylamino)phophoranylidenamino]-2Λ5,Λ5-catenadi(phosphazene) (t-BuP4) as a catalyst. The as-synthesized copolymer was betainizated resulting in a zwitterionic copolymer poly(CL-co-zDMAEMA) and the structure of the zwitterionic copolymer was confirmed by the FT-IR, NMR, and XPS measurements. The results of dynamic light scattering (DLS) show that this zwitterionic copolymer can self-assemble into stable micelles. The results of quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) analysis and MTT measurement suggest that this zwitterionic copolymer possess better protein resistance and lower cell cytotoxicity in vitro in comparison with the cationic copolymer. The pyrene solubilization measurement of copolymers poly(CL-co-zDMAEMA) indicates an excellent pyrene solubilization capacity. These zwitterionic polymer micelles can release drugs in response to specific signals, such as temperature, pH, and enzymes and have a potential application in drug delivery and gene therapy due to their good antifouling, low cytotoxicity and high pyrene solubilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manqing Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Material Surface Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Guangzhao Zhang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 5106409, China.
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21
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Carlsson L, Fall A, Chaduc I, Wågberg L, Charleux B, Malmström E, D'Agosto F, Lansalot M, Carlmark A. Modification of cellulose model surfaces by cationic polymer latexes prepared by RAFT-mediated surfactant-free emulsion polymerization. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00675e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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22
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Bruce C, Javakhishvili I, Fogelström L, Carlmark A, Hvilsted S, Malmström E. Well-defined ABA- and BAB-type block copolymers of PDMAEMA and PCL. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04325a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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23
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24
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Sun B, Liang G, Gu A, Yuan L. High Performance Miscible Polyetherimide/Bismaleimide Resins with Simultaneously Improved Integrated Properties Based on a Novel Hyperbranched Polysiloxane Having a High Degree of Branching. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie302665m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Guozheng Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Aijuan Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Li Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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