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Zhang L, Kowalik M, Mao Q, Damirchi B, Zhang Y, Bradford PD, Li Q, van Duin ACT, Zhu YT. Joint Theoretical and Experimental Study of Stress Graphitization in Aligned Carbon Nanotube/Carbon Matrix Composites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37384459 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Stress graphitization is a unique phenomenon at the carbon nanotube (CNT)-matrix interfaces in CNT/carbon matrix (CNT/C) composites. A lack of fundamental atomistic understanding of its evolution mechanisms and a gap between the theoretical and experimental research have hindered the pursuit of utilizing this phenomenon for producing ultrahigh-performance CNT/C composites. Here, we performed reactive molecular dynamics simulations along with an experimental study to explore stress graphitization mechanisms of a CNT/polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon matrix composite. Different CNT contents in the composite were considered, while the nanotube alignment was controlled in one direction in the simulations. We observe that the system with a higher CNT content exhibits higher localized stress concentration in the periphery of CNTs, causing alignment of the nitrile groups in the PAN matrix along the CNTs, which subsequently results in preferential dehydrogenation and clustering of carbon rings and eventually graphitization of the PAN matrix when carbonized at 1500 K. These simulation results have been validated by experimentally produced CNT/PAN-based carbon matrix composite films, with transmission electron microscopy images showing the formation of additional graphitic layers converted by the PAN matrix around CNTs, where 82 and 144% improvements of the tensile strength and Young's modulus are achieved, respectively. The presented atomistic details of stress graphitization can provide guidance for further optimizing CNT-matrix interfaces in a more predictive and controllable way for the development of novel CNT/C composites with high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Małgorzata Kowalik
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Qian Mao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Behzad Damirchi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Yongyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Philip D Bradford
- Department of Textile Engineering Chemistry and Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Qingwen Li
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Adri C T van Duin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Yuntian T Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
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2
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Blending for Achieving Theoretical Mechanical and Electrical Property Enhancement in Polyacrylonitrile/SWNT Materials. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs6050122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Filtration based processing of nanotube and polymer-nanotube dispersions is used to create polymer and nano-filler hybrid materials. The composite morphology consists of two layers: (1) a region where polymer chains have direct matrix interaction with the nano-fillers and (2) a nano-filler rich region excluded from matrix interactions. The experimental work here demonstrates the processing of this hybrid material using polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) at various PAN/SWNT weight concentrations. Mechanical analyses were performed to evaluate effective contributions from the SWNT in each of the defined layers. The region of high matrix-filler interactions exhibits blending behavior with material properties following suit. As a result, mechanical performance is consistent and begins to exceed theoretical predictions derived from Halpin–Tsai calculations. Tensile strength and modulus reached values as high as 60 MPa and 7.7 GPa, respectively, surpassing the performance of neat nano-filler (36 MPa, 3.9 GPa) and neat polymer matrix (44 MPa, 2.0 GPa) films. Additionally, the measurement of electrical properties shows that the blended polymer-SWNT region exhibits conductivity comparable to the filler. The results of this work suggest that blending polymers and nano-fillers is possible and may facilitate the production of materials with comparatively high mechanical performance and electrical conductivities.
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Budy SM, Son DY. Ethynyl-functionalized BNNT and preparation of polyarylene-BNNT nanocomposites. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Xu W, Jambhulkar S, Ravichandran D, Zhu Y, Kakarla M, Nian Q, Azeredo B, Chen X, Jin K, Vernon B, Lott DG, Cornella JL, Shefi O, Miquelard-Garnier G, Yang Y, Song K. 3D Printing-Enabled Nanoparticle Alignment: A Review of Mechanisms and Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100817. [PMID: 34176201 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
3D printing (additive manufacturing (AM)) has enormous potential for rapid tooling and mass production due to its design flexibility and significant reduction of the timeline from design to manufacturing. The current state-of-the-art in 3D printing focuses on material manufacturability and engineering applications. However, there still exists the bottleneck of low printing resolution and processing rates, especially when nanomaterials need tailorable orders at different scales. An interesting phenomenon is the preferential alignment of nanoparticles that enhance material properties. Therefore, this review emphasizes the landscape of nanoparticle alignment in the context of 3D printing. Herein, a brief overview of 3D printing is provided, followed by a comprehensive summary of the 3D printing-enabled nanoparticle alignment in well-established and in-house customized 3D printing mechanisms that can lead to selective deposition and preferential orientation of nanoparticles. Subsequently, it is listed that typical applications that utilized the properties of ordered nanoparticles (e.g., structural composites, heat conductors, chemo-resistive sensors, engineered surfaces, tissue scaffolds, and actuators based on structural and functional property improvement). This review's emphasis is on the particle alignment methodology and the performance of composites incorporating aligned nanoparticles. In the end, significant limitations of current 3D printing techniques are identified together with future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiheng Xu
- The Polytechnic School (TPS), Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 S. Innovation Way West, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Sayli Jambhulkar
- The Polytechnic School (TPS), Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 S. Innovation Way West, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Dharneedar Ravichandran
- The Polytechnic School (TPS), Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 S. Innovation Way West, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Yuxiang Zhu
- The Polytechnic School (TPS), Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 S. Innovation Way West, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Mounika Kakarla
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, 501 E. Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Qiong Nian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, and Multi-Scale Manufacturing Material Processing Lab (MMMPL), Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Bruno Azeredo
- The Polytechnic School (TPS), Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 S. Innovation Way West, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Xiangfan Chen
- Advanced Manufacturing and Functional Devices (AMFD) Laboratory, Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 Innovation Way W., Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Kailong Jin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School for Engineering Matter, Transport and Energy (SEMTE), and Biodesign Institute Center for Sustainable Macromolecular Materials and Manufacturing (BCSM3), Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler St., Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Brent Vernon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomaterials Lab, School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, 427 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - David G Lott
- Department Otolaryngology, Division of Laryngology, College of Medicine, and Mayo Clinic Arizona Center for Regenerative Medicine, 13400 E Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Cornella
- Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 13400 E Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Orit Shefi
- Department of Engineering, Neuro-Engineering and Regeneration Laboratory, Bar Ilan Institute of Nanotechnologies and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Building 1105, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Guillaume Miquelard-Garnier
- laboratoire PIMM, UMR 8006, Arts et Métiers Institute of Technology, CNRS, CNAM, Hesam University, 151 boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Yang Yang
- Additive Manufacturing & Advanced Materials Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182-1323, USA
| | - Kenan Song
- Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Advanced Materials Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory (AMAML), Ira A. Fulton Schools for Engineering, Arizona State University, 6075 Innovation Way W., Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
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Arias-Monje PJ, Lu M, Ramachandran J, Kirmani MH, Kumar S. Processing, structure and properties of polyacrylonitrile fibers with 15 weight percent single wall carbon nanotubes. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Zhang S, Ma Y, Suresh L, Hao A, Bick M, Tan SC, Chen J. Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Strong Carbon Matrix Composites. ACS NANO 2020; 14:9282-9319. [PMID: 32790347 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
As an excellent candidate for lightweight structural materials and nonmetal electrical conductors, carbon nanotube reinforced carbon matrix (CNT/C) composites have potential use in technologies employed in aerospace, military, and defense endeavors, where the combinations of light weight, high strength, and excellent conductivity are required. Both polymer infiltration pyrolysis (PIP) and chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) methods have been widely studied for CNT/C composite fabrications with diverse focuses and various modifications. Progress has been reported to optimize the performance of CNT/C composites from broad aspects, including matrix densification, CNT alignment, microstructure control, and interface engineering, etc. Recent approaches, such as using resistance heating for PIP or CVI, contribute to the development of CNT/C composites. To deliver a timely and up-to-date overview of CNT/C composites, we have reviewed the most recent trends in fabrication processes, summarized the mechanical reinforcement mechanism, and discussed the electrical and thermal properties, as well as relevant case studies for high-temperature applications. Conclusions and perspectives addressing future routes for performance optimization are also presented. Hence, this review serves as a rundown of recent advances in CNT/C composites and will be a valuable resource to aid future developments in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yan Ma
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, School of Textiles and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, P.R. China
| | - Lakshmi Suresh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117574
| | - Ayou Hao
- High-Performance Materials Institute, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Michael Bick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Swee Ching Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117574
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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7
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Mirbaha H, Nourpanah P, Scardi P, D'incau M, Greco G, Valentini L, Bittolo Bon S, Arbab S, Pugno N. The Impact of Shear and Elongational Forces on Structural Formation of Polyacrylonitrile/Carbon Nanotubes Composite Fibers during Wet Spinning Process. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12172797. [PMID: 31480253 PMCID: PMC6747761 DOI: 10.3390/ma12172797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Wet spinning of polyacrylonitrile/carbon nanotubes (PAN/CNT) composite fibers was studied and the effect of spinning conditions on structure and properties of as-spun fibers influenced by the presence of CNTs investigated. Unlike PAN fibers, shear force had a larger effect on crystalline structure and physical and mechanical properties of PAN/CNT composite fibers compared to the elongational force inside a coagulation bath. Under shear force CNTs induced nucleation of new crystals, whereas under elongational force nucleation of new crystals were hindered but the already formed crystals grew bigger. To our knowledge, this key effect has not been reported elsewhere. At different shear rates, strength, Young’s modulus and strain at break of PAN/CNT as-spun fibers were improved up to 20% compared to PAN fibers. Application of jet stretch had less influence on physical and mechanical properties of PAN/CNT fibers compared to PAN fibers. However, the improvement of interphase between polymer chains and CNTs as a result of chain orientation may have contributed to enhancement of Young’s modulus of jet stretched composite fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Mirbaha
- Department of Textile Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, 15875-4413 Tehran, Iran
- Laboratory of Bio-inspired & Graphene Nanomechanics, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Parviz Nourpanah
- Department of Textile Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, 15875-4413 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Paolo Scardi
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Mirco D'incau
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Gabriele Greco
- Laboratory of Bio-inspired & Graphene Nanomechanics, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Luca Valentini
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Perugia and INSTM Research Unit, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Silvia Bittolo Bon
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Perugia and INSTM Research Unit, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Shahram Arbab
- Advanced Textile Materials and Technology Research Institute, Department of Textile Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, 15875-4413 Tehran, Iran
| | - Nicola Pugno
- Laboratory of Bio-inspired & Graphene Nanomechanics, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy.
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
- Ket-Lab, Edoardo Amaldi Foundation, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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Wang P, Gulgunje P, Ghoshal S, Odeh IN, Verghese N, Kumar S. Effect of interfacial chemistry on crystallization of polypropylene/multiwall carbon nanotube nanocomposites. POLYM ENG SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Po‐Hsiang Wang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332
| | - Prabhakar Gulgunje
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332
| | - Sushanta Ghoshal
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332
| | | | | | - Satish Kumar
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332
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Song K, Polak R, Zhang S, Rubner MF, Cohen RE, Askar KA. Reversible Self-Healing for Preserving Optical Transparency and Repairing Mechanical Damage in Composites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:12797-12807. [PMID: 30848876 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b00967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This research concentrates on the healing of optical properties, roughness, contact angle hysteresis, and shallow scratches in polymer/nanoparticle composites. A series of ternary composite blends [epoxy/halloysite nanotubes (HNTs)/cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)] with various CAB concentrations were fabricated and subjected to a series of mechanical damages. The optimized concentration of a nanoparticle is 1.0 vol %, and the CAB concentration is 3.0 vol % based on the mechanical reinforcement and wear resistance. Nanoscale scratching, microlevel falling-sand test, and macrolevel Taber abrasions were utilized to damage the surfaces. The induced damage (roughness and surface scratch up to hundreds of nanometers in depth) healed upon heating. At any temperatures above the softening transition of the semi-interpenetrating network structure of the polymer composites, CAB migrates into the microcracks, and the essential mechanical parameters (modulus, strength, strain to failure) are recovered; in our particular epoxy/HNTs/CAB system, optical transparency is also recovered efficiently. CAB also moves to the macroscopic air/specimen interface and favorably modifies the surface properties, reducing the roll-off angles of water droplets from ∼90° to ∼20°. Through an appropriate choice of CAB additives with different molecular weights, the healing temperature can be tailored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenan Song
- Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering , Arizona State University , 7001 East Williams Field Road , Mesa , Arizona 85212 , United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Khalid A Askar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Khalifa University of Science and Technology , P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Kausar
- School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
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11
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Wang PH, Sarkar S, Gulgunje P, Verghese N, Kumar S. Structure and rheological behavior of polypropylene interphase at high carbon nanotube concentration. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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12
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Low-temperature graphitic formation promoted by confined interphase structures in polyacrylonitrile/carbon nanotube materials. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Polymer/Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) Nanocomposites Processing Using Additive Manufacturing (Three-Dimensional Printing) Technique: An Overview. FIBERS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/fib5040040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Material Evaluation and Process Optimization of CNT-Coated Polymer Powders for Selective Laser Sintering. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:polym8100370. [PMID: 30974646 PMCID: PMC6432175 DOI: 10.3390/polym8100370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as nano-reinforcements were introduced to facilitate the laser sintering process and enhance the thermal and mechanical properties of polymeric composites. A dual experimental-theoretical method was proposed to evaluate the processability and predict the process parameters of newly developed CNT-coated polyamide 12 (CNTs/PA12) powders. The thermal conductivity, melt viscosity, phase transition and temperature-dependent density and heat capacity of PA12 and CNTs/PA12 powders were characterized for material evaluation. The composite powders exhibited improved heat conduction and heat absorption compared with virgin polymer powders, and the stable sintering range of composite powders was extended and found to be favourable for the sintering process. The microstructures of sintered composites revealed that the CNTs remained at the powder boundaries and formed network architectures, which instantaneously induced the significant enhancements in tensile strength, elongation at break and toughness without sacrificing tensile modulus.
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Wang PH, Ghoshal S, Gulgunje P, Verghese N, Kumar S. Polypropylene nanocomposites with polymer coated multiwall carbon nanotubes. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Karpushkin EA, Berkovich AK, Sergeyev VG. Composites based on acrylic polymers and carbon nanotubes as precursors of carbon materials. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES C 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1811238216010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Gou Z, Xu D, Dong Q, Wu X. Comparison studies on covalently and non-covalently modified MWNTs using chitosan and their starch nanocomposites. STARCH-STARKE 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201500143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqiong Gou
- College of Food Science; Southwest University; Chongqing P.R. China
| | - Dan Xu
- College of Food Science; Southwest University; Chongqing P.R. China
| | - Quan Dong
- College of Food Science; Southwest University; Chongqing P.R. China
| | - Xiyu Wu
- College of Food Science; Southwest University; Chongqing P.R. China
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18
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Song K, Zhang Y, Meng J, Minus ML. Spectral analysis of lamellae evolution and constraining effects aided by nano-carbons: A coupled experimental and simulation study. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ye L, Ye C, Shi X, Wang H, Zhao H, Cao X, You J, Li Y, Liang Y. Nanohybrid Polymeric Nucleating Agents: In Situ Decorated Carbon Nanotubes and Serial Nucleation Behaviors in a Melt-Miscible Crystalline/Crystalline Blend. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201500196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Ye
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 310036 P.R. China
| | - Cuicui Ye
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 310036 P.R. China
| | - Xianchun Shi
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 310036 P.R. China
| | - Hengti Wang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 310036 P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 310036 P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Cao
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 310036 P.R. China
| | - Jichun You
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 310036 P.R. China
| | - Yongjin Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 310036 P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Liang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou 310036 P.R. China
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Song K, Zhang Y, Minus ML. Polymer Interphase Self-Reinforcement and Strengthening Mechanisms in Low-Loaded Nanocomposite Fibers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201500011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenan Song
- Northeastern University; Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering; 360 Huntington Avenue Boston MA 02115-5000 USA
| | - Yiying Zhang
- Northeastern University; Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering; 360 Huntington Avenue Boston MA 02115-5000 USA
| | - Marilyn L. Minus
- Northeastern University; Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering; 360 Huntington Avenue Boston MA 02115-5000 USA
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Chien AT, Liu HC, Newcomb BA, Xiang C, Tour JM, Kumar S. Polyacrylonitrile fibers containing graphene oxide nanoribbons. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:5281-5288. [PMID: 25671488 DOI: 10.1021/am508594p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide nanoribbon (GONR) made by the oxidative unzipping of multiwalled carbon nanotube was dispersed in dimethylformamide and mixed with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) to fabricate continuous PAN/GONR composite fibers by gel spinning. Subsequently, PAN/GONR composite fibers were stabilized and carbonized in a batch process to fabricate composite carbon fibers. Structure, processing, and properties of the composite precursor and carbon fibers have been studied. This study shows that GONR can be used to make porous precursor and carbon fibers. In addition, GONR also shows the potential to make higher mechanical property carbon fibers than that achieved from PAN precursor only.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Ting Chien
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , 801 Ferst Drive, NW MRDC-1, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0295, United States
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Chen C, He BX, Wang SL, Yuan GP, Zhang L. Unexpected observation of highly thermostable transcrystallinity of poly(lactic acid) induced by aligned carbon nanotubes. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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23
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Wang J, Yang J, Deng L, Fang H, Zhang Y, Wang Z. More dominant shear flow effect assisted by added carbon nanotubes on crystallization kinetics of isotactic polypropylene in nanocomposites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:1364-1375. [PMID: 25569561 DOI: 10.1021/am507938s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
More dominant shear flow effect with different shear rates and shear time with assistance of added carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of low amounts on the crystallization kinetics of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) in CNT/iPP nanocomposites was investigated by applying differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM), and rheometer. CNTs were chemically modified to improve the dispersity in the iPP matrix. CNT/iPP nanocomposites with different CNT contents were prepared by solution blending method. The crystallization kinetics for CNT/iPP nanocomposites under the quiescent condition studied by DSC indicates that the addition of CNTs of low amounts significantly accelerates crystallization of iPP due to heterogeneous nucleating effect of CNTs, whereas a saturation effect exists at above a critical CNT content. The shear-induced crystallization behaviors for CNT/iPP nanocomposites studied by POM and rheometry demonstrate the continuously accelerated crystallization kinetics with assistance from added CNTs, with increasing CNT content, shear rate, and shear time, without any saturation effect. The changes of nucleation density for CNT/iPP nanocomposites under different shear conditions can be quantified by using a space-filling modeling from the rheological measurements, and the results illustrate that the combined effects of added CNTs and shear flow on the acceleration of crystallization kinetics are not additive, but synergetic. The mechanisms for the synergetic effect of added CNTs and shear flow are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui Province 230026, P. R. China
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24
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London LA, Bolton LA, Samarakoon DK, Sannigrahi BS, Wang XQ, Khan IM. Effect of polymer stereoregularity on polystyrene/single-walled carbon nanotube interactions. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11445d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We use a combination of computational and experimental studies to elucidate the effect of polymer stereoregularity on the capability of polystyrene interacting with single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. A. London
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Functional Nanoscale Materials
- Clark Atlanta University
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - L. A. Bolton
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Functional Nanoscale Materials
- Clark Atlanta University
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - D. K. Samarakoon
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Functional Nanoscale Materials
- Clark Atlanta University
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - B. S. Sannigrahi
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Functional Nanoscale Materials
- Clark Atlanta University
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - X. Q. Wang
- Department of Physics and Center for Functional Nanoscale Materials
- Clark Atlanta University
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - I. M. Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Functional Nanoscale Materials
- Clark Atlanta University
- Atlanta
- USA
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25
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Li X, Ji X, He C. Evolution of the morphological and structural properties of plasticized spinning polyacrylonitrile fibers during the stabilization process. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14391h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The morphological and structural properties of plasticized spinning polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers during the stabilization process were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- State Key Lab for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Material Science & Engineering Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Ji
- State Key Lab for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Material Science & Engineering Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Chunju He
- State Key Lab for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Material Science & Engineering Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
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26
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Meng J, Zhang Y, Cranford SW, Minus ML. Nanotube Dispersion and Polymer Conformational Confinement in a Nanocomposite Fiber: A Joint Computational Experimental Study. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:9476-85. [DOI: 10.1021/jp504726w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangsha Meng
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering and ‡Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yiying Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering and ‡Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Steven W. Cranford
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering and ‡Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Marilyn L. Minus
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering and ‡Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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27
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Newcomb BA, Chae HG, Gulgunje PV, Gupta K, Liu Y, Tsentalovich DE, Pasquali M, Kumar S. Stress transfer in polyacrylonitrile/carbon nanotube composite fibers. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Xu H, Xie L, Jiang X, Hakkarainen M, Chen JB, Zhong GJ, Li ZM. Structural Basis for Unique Hierarchical Cylindrites Induced by Ultrahigh Shear Gradient in Single Natural Fiber Reinforced Poly(lactic acid) Green Composites. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:1676-86. [DOI: 10.1021/bm500100z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Xu
- College
of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lan Xie
- College
of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Jiang
- College
of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jing-Bin Chen
- College
of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gan-Ji Zhong
- College
of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Ming Li
- College
of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
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29
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Green EC, Zhang Y, Minus ML. Understanding the effects of nanocarbons on flexible polymer chain orientation and crystallization: Polyethylene/carbon nanochip hybrid fibrillar crystal growth. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily C. Green
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering; Northeastern University; Boston Massachusetts 02115-5000
| | - Yiying Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering; Northeastern University; Boston Massachusetts 02115-5000
| | - Marilyn L. Minus
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering; Northeastern University; Boston Massachusetts 02115-5000
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30
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Xu JZ, Zhong GJ, Hsiao BS, Fu Q, Li ZM. Low-dimensional carbonaceous nanofiller induced polymer crystallization. Prog Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Song K, Zhang Y, Meng J, Green EC, Tajaddod N, Li H, Minus ML. Structural Polymer-Based Carbon Nanotube Composite Fibers: Understanding the Processing-Structure-Performance Relationship. MATERIALS 2013; 6:2543-2577. [PMID: 28809290 PMCID: PMC5458960 DOI: 10.3390/ma6062543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Among the many potential applications of carbon nanotubes (CNT), its usage to strengthen polymers has been paid considerable attention due to the exceptional stiffness, excellent strength, and the low density of CNT. This has provided numerous opportunities for the invention of new material systems for applications requiring high strength and high modulus. Precise control over processing factors, including preserving intact CNT structure, uniform dispersion of CNT within the polymer matrix, effective filler–matrix interfacial interactions, and alignment/orientation of polymer chains/CNT, contribute to the composite fibers’ superior properties. For this reason, fabrication methods play an important role in determining the composite fibers’ microstructure and ultimate mechanical behavior. The current state-of-the-art polymer/CNT high-performance composite fibers, especially in regards to processing–structure–performance, are reviewed in this contribution. Future needs for material by design approaches for processing these nano-composite systems are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenan Song
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 334 Snell Engineering Center, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Yiying Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 334 Snell Engineering Center, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Jiangsha Meng
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 334 Snell Engineering Center, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Emily C Green
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 334 Snell Engineering Center, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Navid Tajaddod
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 334 Snell Engineering Center, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 334 Snell Engineering Center, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Marilyn L Minus
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 334 Snell Engineering Center, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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