1
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Li J, Han J, Zou X, Xu N, Gu F, Su N, Li C, Dong H. Cocreation of photogenerated electron and hole collectors on polymeric carbon nitride synergistically promotes carrier separation and reaction kinetics towards propelling photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 667:101-110. [PMID: 38621332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
It is a challenging issue for the creation of photogenerated carrier collectors on the photocatalyst to drive charge separation and promote reaction kinetics in the photocatalytic reaction. Herein, based on one-step dual-modulation strategy, IrO2 nanodots are modified at the edge of polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) nanosheets and atomically dispersed Ir atoms are implanted in the skeleton of PCN to obtain a unique Ir-PCN/IrO2 photocatalyst. IrO2 nanodots and atomically dispersed Ir atoms act as hole and electron collectors to synergistically promote the carrier separation and reaction kinetics, respectively, thereby greatly improving the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) performance. As a result, without adding additional cocatalyst, the PHE rate over the optimal Ir-PCN/IrO2-2% sample reaches up to 1564.4 μmol h-1 g-1 under the visible light irradiation, with achieving an apparent quantum yield (AQY) of 15.7% at 420 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, PR China; Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Jinlong Han
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Xiyue Zou
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Na Xu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, PR China.
| | - Fang Gu
- School of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, PR China.
| | - Nan Su
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Chunmei Li
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Hongjun Dong
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
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2
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Fan Y, Wang J, Qian S, Xue H, Tian J, Jiang T. Assembling carbon nitride quantum dots into hollow fusiformis and loading CoP for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 667:128-135. [PMID: 38631251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The self-assembled carbon nitride quantum dots (CNQDs) has been largely advanced owing to the structure-relative photocatalytic activities, especially its electronic structure, which can be regulated by defects, functional groups, and doping. However, there are still issues such as wide band gaps for the assembles and severe recombination of photoinduced charges. Herein, we demonstrate the self-assembly of CNQDs into fusiform hollow superstructures (CNFHs), induced by hydrogen bonding between the terminal functional groups (-OH, -COOH, and -NH2). During the top-down assembly process, the hydrogen bonding dominates and initiates lateral cross-linking between adjacent CNQDs, which further twist into fusiform hollow structures. Benefitted greatly from the ultrathin and hollow nature of the superstructure that provides more exposed active sites, coupled with the introduction of phosphorus doping atoms into the framework induced narrowed band gap, CNFHs exhibits an 18-fold higher activity than the bulk counterpart toward photocatalytic hydrogen evolution after loading the CoP co-catalyst. This work presents a new platform to design and manipulate carbon nitride superstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhua Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaiguo Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqi Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou 225002, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Xie G, Du Y, Wang L, Zhu Q, Xie B, Fu L, Song K, Wang L. Regulating the Morphology Modification To Prepare the High Charge Separation Efficiency and Visible Light Responsive Dual-Type-II B-CN/H-TiO 2/BS-CN Heterojunction for Wastewater Treatment. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:13636-13647. [PMID: 38885969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
For the conventional type-II heterojunction photocatalyst, their photocatalytic activity is affected by the limited separation efficiency of electron-hole pairs, exquisitely designed heterojunction photocatalysts are highly prospective materials for inducing charge transfer efficiently. Typically, enhancing the separation efficiency of electron-hole pairs in photocatalysts has been a formidable challenge. Here, the hollow mesoporous TiO2 (H-TiO2), the bulk g-C3N4 (B-CN), and g-C3N4 with bamboo shape (BS-CN) are prepared by simple processes. Among them, it is surprising to find that the band structure of g-C3N4 can be regulated and controlled by adjusting its structure. The B-CN/H-TiO2/BS-CN (CNTOCN) dual-type-II heterojunction photocatalyst and B-CN/H-TiO2 (CNTO) type-II heterojunction photocatalyst are designed to improve the separation efficiency of electron-hole pairs. The superiority of CNTOCN dual-type-II heterojunction photocatalyst is demonstrated by the photocatalysis experiment, the band structure analysis, and the photoelectric characterization. The results show that CNTOCN (0.8428 h-1) has much higher photocatalytic activity than H-TiO2 (0.0812 h-1), B-CN (0.3569 h-1), and CNTO (0.5934 h-1). The improvement of photocatalytic activity is ascribed to the establishment of the dual-type-II heterojunction charge transfer mechanism. This work presents an approach to designing efficient dual-type-II heterojunction photocatalysts for the sustainable conversion of solar energy to photodegrade dyes in dyeing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyuan Xie
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Yu Du
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Qiuyu Zhu
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Beibei Xie
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Linhe Fu
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Kaili Song
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
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4
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Narita Y, Nishi K, Matsuyama T, Ida J. Reusable isotype heterojunction g-C 3N 4/alginate hydrogel spheres for photocatalytic wastewater treatment. RSC Adv 2024; 14:20898-20907. [PMID: 38957583 PMCID: PMC11217724 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02876g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Various visible-light-driven photocatalysts have been studied for practical applications in photocatalytic wastewater treatment via solar irradiation. Among them, g-C3N4 has attractive features, including its metal-free and environmentally friendly nature; however, it is prone to charge recombination and has low photocatalytic activity. To solve these problems, isotype heterojunction g-C3N4 was recently developed; however, the methods employed for synthesis suffered from limited reproducibility and efficiency. In this study, isotype heterojunction g-C3N4 was synthesized from various combinations of precursor materials using a planetary ball mill. The isotype heterojunction g-C3N4 synthesized from urea and thiourea showed the highest photocatalytic activity and completely decolorized Rhodamine B (RhB; 10 ppm) in 15 min under visible-light irradiation. Furthermore, to improve recyclability, isotype heterojunction g-C3N4 was immobilized in alginate hydrogel spheres. The isotype heterojunction g-C3N4/alginate hydrogel beads were used in 10 repeated RhB degradation experiments and were able to maintain their initial photocatalytic activity and mechanical strength. These achievements represent an advance towards practical, sustainable photocatalytic wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuito Narita
- Environmental Engineering for Symbiosis, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Soka University 1-236 Tangi-cho Hachioji-shi Tokyo 192-8577 Japan
| | - Kento Nishi
- Department of Science and Engineering for Sustainable Innovation, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Soka University 1-236 Tangi-cho Hachioji-shi Tokyo 192-8577 Japan
| | - Tatsushi Matsuyama
- Department of Science and Engineering for Sustainable Innovation, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Soka University 1-236 Tangi-cho Hachioji-shi Tokyo 192-8577 Japan
| | - Junichi Ida
- Department of Science and Engineering for Sustainable Innovation, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Soka University 1-236 Tangi-cho Hachioji-shi Tokyo 192-8577 Japan
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5
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Ma R, Sun Y, Zhang H, Zhu J, Tian H, Guo X, Wang R, Cui X, Hou X, An S. Intense interaction between biochar/g-C 3N 4 promotes the photocatalytic performance of heterojunction catalysts. RSC Adv 2024; 14:19707-19717. [PMID: 38903670 PMCID: PMC11188670 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03232b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, environmental protection and energy issues have gained significant attention, and the development of efficient, environmentally friendly catalysts has become especially crucial for the advancement of photocatalytic technology. This study employs the sintering method to produce biochar. A hybrid photocatalyst for the degradation of RHB under visible light was prepared by loading varying proportions of biochar onto g-C3N4 using ultrasonic technology. Among them, 2% CGCD (2% biochar/g-C3N4) achieved a degradation rate of 91.3% for RHB after 30 minutes of visible light exposure, which was more than 25% higher than GCD (g-C3N4), and exhibited a higher photocurrent intensity and lower impedance value. The enhancement in photocatalytic activity is primarily attributed to the increased utilization efficiency of visible light and the electron transfer channel effect from a minor amount of biochar, effectively reducing the recombination of photo-generated charge carriers on the g-C3N4 surface, thereby significantly improving photocatalytic activity. The degradation of RHB is synergistically mediated by O2 -, h+ (photo-generated holes), and ˙OH. The free radical capture experiment indicates that O2 - and ˙OH are the primary active components, followed by h+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rundong Ma
- Shanghai institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
- Beijing University of Science and Technology, Carbon Neutrality Institute Beijing China
| | - Yihui Sun
- School of Materials and Metallurgy Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Materials and Metallurgy Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou China
| | - Jie Zhu
- School of Materials and Metallurgy Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou China
| | - Han Tian
- Shanghai institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Xiong Guo
- School of Materials and Metallurgy Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou China
| | - Ruifen Wang
- School of Materials and Metallurgy Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou China
| | - Xiangzhi Cui
- Shanghai institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Xinmei Hou
- Beijing University of Science and Technology, Carbon Neutrality Institute Beijing China
| | - Shengli An
- School of Materials and Metallurgy Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou China
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6
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Lykos C, Bairamis F, Efthymiou C, Konstantinou I. Synthesis and Characterization of Composite WO 3 Fibers/g-C 3N 4 Photocatalysts for the Removal of the Insecticide Clothianidin in Aquatic Media. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1045. [PMID: 38921921 PMCID: PMC11206630 DOI: 10.3390/nano14121045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalysis is a prominent alternative wastewater treatment technique that has the potential to completely degrade pesticides as well as other persistent organic pollutants, leading to detoxification of wastewater and thus paving the way for its efficient reuse. In addition to the more conventional photocatalysts (e.g., TiO2, ZnO, etc.) that utilize only UV light for activation, the interest of the scientific community has recently focused on the development and application of visible light-activated photocatalysts like g-C3N4. However, some disadvantages of g-C3N4, such as the high recombination rate of photogenerated charges, limit its utility. In this light, the present study focuses on the synthesis of WO3 fibers/g-C3N4 Z-scheme heterojunctions to improve the efficiency of g-C3N4 towards the photocatalytic removal of the widely used insecticide clothianidin. The effect of two different g-C3N4 precursors (urea and thiourea) and of WO3 fiber content on the properties of the synthesized composite materials was also investigated. All aforementioned materials were characterized by a number of techniques (XRD, SEM-EDS, ATR-FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, DRS, etc.). According to the results, mixing 6.5% W/W WO3 fibers with either urea or thiourea derived g-C3N4 significantly increased the photocatalytic activity of the resulting composites compared to the precursor materials. In order to further elucidate the effect of the most efficient composite photocatalyst in the degradation of clothianidin, the generated transformation products were tentatively identified through UHPLC tandem high-resolution mass spectroscopy. Finally, the detoxification effect of the most efficient process was also assessed by combining the results of an in-vitro methodology and the predictions of two in-silico tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Lykos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.L.); (F.B.); (C.E.)
| | - Feidias Bairamis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.L.); (F.B.); (C.E.)
| | - Christina Efthymiou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.L.); (F.B.); (C.E.)
| | - Ioannis Konstantinou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.L.); (F.B.); (C.E.)
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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7
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Yang X, Lv X, Tong K, Peng M, He Z, Sun P, Sun X. Cocatalyst Modified Polymeric Carbon Nitride Photoanode for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Properties. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300650. [PMID: 38308611 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
As a new organic photocatalyst, polymeric carbon nitride (CN) has shown good application potential in the field of photoelectrochemistry due to its unique physical and chemical properties, but its application has been seriously hindered due to its inherent characteristics such as the difficulty in charge separation. In this study, FeOOH modified CN photoanode (CN-Fe) was constructed to investigate the effect of the cocatalyst on the charge injection capacity of organic semiconductor photoelectrodes. The experimental results demonstrate significant improvement in the charge injection efficiency of the photoanode due to the introduction of FeOOH cocatalyst, leading to enhanced photoelectrochemical performance with approximately 2.4 times increase in photocurrent density. By thoroughly investigating the mechanism behind the loading of FeOOH on the polymeric carbon nitride photoanode, we gained profound insights into the behavior of charge carriers and reaction kinetics during the photoelectrocatalytic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerong Yang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
| | - Xiaowei Lv
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
- Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory, 443007, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Kun Tong
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
| | - Mengyang Peng
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
| | - Zeyao He
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
| | - Panpan Sun
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
| | - Xiaohua Sun
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
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8
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Shabbir SA, Ali I, Haris M, Latif H, Sabah A, Alshomrany AS, Bakkour Y. Bifunctional Co 3O 4/g-C 3N 4 Hetrostructures for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:21450-21458. [PMID: 38764640 PMCID: PMC11097156 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the synergistic potential of photoelectrochemical water splitting through bifunctional Co3O4/g-C3N4 heterostructures. This novel approach merged solar panel technology with electrochemical cell technology, obviating the need for external voltage from batteries. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were utilized to confirm the surface morphology and crystal structure of fabricated nanocomposites; Co3O4, Co3O4/g-C3N4, and Co3O4/Cg-C3N4. The incorporation of carbon into g-C3N4 resulted in improved catalytic activity and charge transport properties during the visible light-driven hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction. Optical properties were examined using UV-visible spectroscopy, revealing a maximum absorption edge at 650 nm corresponding to a band gap of 1.31 eV for Co3O4/Cg-C3N4 resulting in enhanced light absorption. Among the three fabricated electrodes, Co3O4/Cg-C3N4 exhibited a significantly lower overpotential of 30 mV and a minimum Tafel slope of 112 mV/dec This enhanced photoelectrochemical efficiency was found due to the established Z scheme heterojunction between Co3O4 and gC3N4. This heterojunction reduced the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and thus promoted charge separation by extending visible light absorption range chronoamperometric measurements confirmed the steady current flow over time under constant potential from the solar cell, and thus it provided the effective utilization of bifunctional Co3O4/g-C3N4 heterostructures for efficient solar-driven water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Ammara Shabbir
- Department
of Physics, Forman Christian College (A
Chartered University), Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Ali
- Department
of Physics, Forman Christian College (A
Chartered University), Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Haris
- Institute
of Materials Science Kaunas, University of Technology, Kaunas 51423, Lithuania
| | - Hamid Latif
- Department
of Physics, Forman Christian College (A
Chartered University), Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Aneeqa Sabah
- Department
of Physics, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 53201, Pakistan
| | - Ali S. Alshomrany
- Department
of Physics, College of Sciences Umm Al-Qura
University Al Taif HWY, Mecca 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Youssef Bakkour
- Department
of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Ma M, An N, Wang Y, Zhao C, Cui Z, Zhou W, Gu M, Li Q. Sulfur-containing iron carbon nanocomposites activate persulfate for combined chemical oxidation and microbial remediation of petroleum-polluted soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133889. [PMID: 38422735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
In this study, sulfur-containing iron carbon nanocomposites (S@Fe-CN) were synthesized by calcining iron-loaded biomass and utilized to activate persulfate (PS) for the combined chemical oxidation and microbial remediation of petroleum-polluted soil. The highest removal efficiency of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) was achieved at 0.2% of activator, 1% of PS and 1:1 soil-water ratio. The EPR and quenching experiments demonstrated that the degradation of TPHs was caused by the combination of 1O2,·OH, SO4·-, and O2·-. In the S@Fe-CN activated PS (S@Fe-CN/PS) system, the degradation of TPHs underwent two phases: chemical oxidation (days 0 to 3) and microbial degradation (days 3 to 28), with kinetic constants consistent with the pseudo-first-order kinetics of chemical and microbial remediation, respectively. In the S@Fe-CN/PS system, soil enzyme activities decreased and then increased, indicating that microbial activities were restored after chemical oxidation under the protection of the activators. The microbial community analysis showed that the S@Fe-CN/PS group affected the abundance and structure of microorganisms, with the relative abundance of TPH-degrading bacteria increased after 28 days. Moreover, S@Fe-CN/PS enhanced the microbial interactions and mitigated microbial competition, thereby improving the ability of indigenous microorganisms to degrade TPHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Ma
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266200, PR China
| | - Ning An
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266200, PR China
| | - Yanqin Wang
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Soil Pollution Prevention and Control Centre, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Zhaojie Cui
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266200, PR China
| | - Weizhi Zhou
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Meixia Gu
- Sinopec Petroleum Engineering & Design Co., Ltd., Dongying 257100, PR China
| | - Qian Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266200, PR China.
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10
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Shcherban ND, Kholkina E, Sergiienko S, Kovalevsky AV, Bezverkhyy I, Murzin DY. Carboxymethylation of Cinnamyl Alcohol with Dimethyl Carbonate over Graphitic Carbon Nitrides. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300600. [PMID: 37994628 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
A set of graphitic carbon nitride samples was prepared using a straightforward experimental procedure without templates and any subsequent treatments. The materials were studied in-depth using a range of physical and chemical methods such as X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, elemental analysis (CHN), nitrogen physisorption, SEM, XPS, TPD CO2. The resulting g-C3N4 was shown to be highly efficient in carboxymethylation of cinnamyl alcohol with dimethyl carbonate yielding up to ca. 82 % of the desired cinnamyl methyl carbonate. In the studied conditions, an increase in the surface N atomic content leads to an increase in selectivity towards the desired carbonate, while a higher surface O content was beneficial for side products. Metal-free graphitic carbon nitride was shown to be one of the most productive (ca. 2 mol/h kgcat) in the investigated reaction among studied heterogeneous catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya D Shcherban
- L.V. Pysarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 31 pr. Nauky, 03028, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Henriksgatan 2, 20500, Turku/Åbo, Finland
| | - Ekaterina Kholkina
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Henriksgatan 2, 20500, Turku/Åbo, Finland
| | - Sergii Sergiienko
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Andrei V Kovalevsky
- Department of Materials and Ceramics Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Igor Bezverkhyy
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 9 Av. A. Savary, 21078, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Dmitry Yu Murzin
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Henriksgatan 2, 20500, Turku/Åbo, Finland
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11
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Chen Z, Zhang X, Xu K, He X, Li J, Zhang L, Wang G. Facile fabrication of nanocellulose-supported membrane composited with modified carbon nitride and HKUST-1 for efficient photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131937. [PMID: 38685539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
As a cellulose-derived material, nanocellulose possesses unique properties that make it an ideal substrate for various functional composite materials. In this study, we developed a novel composite membrane material capable of adsorbing and photo-catalyzing formaldehyde by immobilizing HKUST-1 (copper open framework composed of 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid) onto NFC (Nano-fibrillated cellulose) membranes and subsequently loading modified carbon nitride. The synthesized CNx@HN composite membrane (consisting of NFC membrane with anchored HKUST-1 and modified g-C3Nx nanosheets) was thoroughly characterized, and its photocatalytic degradation performance towards low concentrations of formaldehyde (3.0 mg/m3) was investigated. The results demonstrated that HKUST-1's porous nature exhibited a concentrated adsorption capacity for formaldehyde, while the modified CNx (Modified g-C3Nx nanosheets) displayed robust photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde. The synergistic effect of HKUST-1 and modified CNx on the NFC membrane significantly enhanced the efficiency of formaldehyde degradation. Under xenon lamp irradiation, CNx@HN-5 achieved a total removal efficiency of 86.9 % for formaldehyde, with a photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 48.45 %, showcasing its exceptional ability in both adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde. Furthermore, after 10 cycles of recycling, the composite membrane exhibited excellent stability for the photocatalytic degradation process. Therefore, this study presents a green and facile strategy to fabricate nanocellulose-supported composite membranes with great potential for practical applications in formaldehyde degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zicheng Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, Jilin Province 132012, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, Jilin Province 132012, China
| | - Kai Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, Jilin Province 132012, China
| | - Xiangyang He
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, Jilin Province 132012, China
| | - Junkai Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Lanhe Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, Jilin Province 132012, China.
| | - Guanhua Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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12
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Chen X, Duan Z, He F, Wang H, Wu Z. Ag/AgBr-oxygen enriched g-C 3N 4 for efficient photocatalytic degradation of trimethylamine. RSC Adv 2024; 14:14068-14079. [PMID: 38686283 PMCID: PMC11057413 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02395a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, Ag/AgBr-O-gCN samples with ternary Z-type heterojunctions were prepared by in situ photoreduction using water as the reducing agent for generating Ag/AgBr active species and oxygen doping. The experimental results indicated that Ag/AgBr-O-gCN degraded trimethylamine by nearly 100% in half an hour and maintained 90% of its original activity after five cycles. The kinetic constant of Ag/AgBr-O-gCN was excellent at 0.0928 min-1, 3.8 times that of gCN, 2.3 times that of Ag/AgBr-gCN, and 1.9 times that of O-gCN. Unlike Ag/AgBr-gCN photoreduced by methanol, gCN was used as an electron donor in the aqueous solution during the photoreduction process, and oxidation sites between the gCN skeleton and Ag/AgBr were formed for constructing the heterojunction system. The Z-type heterojunction system was established by introducing a suitable size of Ag nanoparticles as the recombination center to keep indirect contact between gCN and AgBr. This effectively reduced the electron-hole recombination rate and caused activity enhancement. This study offers a novel idea for the construction of a ternary heterojunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resources Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
| | - Zeyu Duan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resources Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
| | - Feiyang He
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resources Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
| | - Haiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resources Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control Hangzhou 310058 P. R. China
| | - Zhongbiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resources Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control Hangzhou 310058 P. R. China
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13
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Gupta S, Kumar R. Enhanced photocatalytic performance of the N-rGO/g-C 3N 4 nanocomposite for efficient solar-driven water remediation. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:6109-6131. [PMID: 38444302 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06203a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis and analysis of a photocatalyst made from a combination of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) through a simple hydrothermal process. The effectiveness of the N-rGO/g-C3N4 heterostructure in photocatalysis was examined by studying the breakdown of different types of organic pollutants, such as cationic and anionic dyes, as well as antibiotics, under simulated solar light irradiation. Due to the presence of Schottky junctions formed between rGO and g-C3N4, the electron transfer process is significantly enhanced, leading to a reduction in the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes. As a result, the photocatalytic activity of the rGO/g-C3N4 photocatalyst is significantly higher compared to that of g-C3N4 alone. The photocatalytic performance was further augmented through the nitrogen doping of rGO, which led to an increase in conductivity due to electron doping and an enhancement in the charge separation process. The heterojunction of rGO/g-C3N4 with an optimum concentration of 60% rGO attained a degradation efficiency of 98.7% for rhodamine B (RhB) dye after 50 minutes of light irradiation. In comparison, the nitrogen-doped photocatalyst (N-rGO/g-C3N4) achieved a photodegradation efficiency of 99.99% within 30 minutes. The reaction rate constant of the N-rGO/g-C3N4 nanocomposite was found to be 0.11 min-1 using pseudo first-order rate kinetics. This value is about 16 times more than that of pure g-C3N4 (0.007 min-1) for the degradation of rhodamine B. Additionally, N-rGO/g-C3N4 effectively degraded various contaminants, such as methylene blue, methyl orange, and tetracycline hydrochloride. The paper also addresses the photocatalytic mechanism, which entails the facilitated movement of electrons and holes produced by light, owing to the alignment of energy bands at the interface of the N-rGO/g-C3N4 heterojunction. These findings contribute to the advancement of a metal-free and porous photocatalyst that is highly interconnected and can be used for waste water treatment and environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalu Gupta
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh-123031, India.
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh-123031, India.
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14
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Chen X, Gu Q, Chu B, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Ma M, Li D, Lu J, Wu D. Inhibition mechanism of fusarium graminearum growth by g-C 3N 4 homojunction and its application in barley malting. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 413:110578. [PMID: 38246024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The increase of deoxynivalenol (DON) caused by Fusarium graminearum (F. graminearum) during the malting process is a serious safety problem. In our work, the inhibition mechanism of F. graminearum growth by g-C3N4 homojunction and its application in barley malting were studied. The reason why the growth activity of F. graminearum decreased after photocatalysis by g-C3N4 homojunction was that under visible light irradiation, a large amount of •O2- elicited by g-C3N4 homojunction destroyed the cell structure of F. graminearum, leading to the deficiency of cell membrane selective permeability and serious disorder of intracellular metabolism. The application of photocatalysis technology in malting can effectively inhibit the growth of F. graminearum and the accumulation of ergosterol was reduced by 30.55 %, thus reducing the DON content in finished malt by 31.82 %. Meanwhile, the physicochemical indexes of barley malt after photocatalytic treatment still met the requirements of second class barley malt in Chinese light industry standard QB/T 1686-2008. Our work provides a new idea for the control of fungal contamination in barley malt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingguang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Qianhui Gu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, PR China
| | - Beibei Chu
- Fengchu (Tianjin) Investment Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300000, PR China
| | - Yongxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Ziqiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Mingtao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Dingding Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jian Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Dianhui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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15
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Yuan X, Hu X, Lin Q, Zhang S. Progress of charge carrier dynamics and regulation strategies in 2D C xN y-based heterojunctions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:2283-2300. [PMID: 38321964 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05976f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional carbon nitrides (CxNy) have gained significant attention in various fields including hydrogen energy development, environmental remediation, optoelectronic devices, and energy storage owing to their extensive surface area, abundant raw materials, high chemical stability, and distinctive physical and chemical characteristics. One effective approach to address the challenges of limited visible light utilization and elevated carrier recombination rates is to establish heterojunctions for CxNy-based single materials (e.g. C2N3, g-C3N4, C3N4, C4N3, C2N, and C3N). The carrier generation, migration, and recombination of heterojunctions with different band alignments have been analyzed starting from the application of CxNy with metal oxides, transition metal sulfides (selenides), conductive carbon, and Cx'Ny' heterojunctions. Additionally, we have explored diverse strategies to enhance heterojunction performance from the perspective of carrier dynamics. In conclusion, we present some overarching observations and insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with the development of advanced CxNy-based heterojunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Yuan
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China.
| | - Xuemin Hu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China.
- School of Material Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211169, China
| | - Qiuhan Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China.
| | - Shengli Zhang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China.
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16
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Qin M, Chen L, Zhang W, Yang J. A Self-Consistent Framework for Tailored Single-Atom Catalysts in Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:1089-1096. [PMID: 38261607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The catalytic activity of single-atom catalysts (SACs) is crucially affected by the actual ligand configurations under the reaction condition; thus, carefully considering the reaction condition is crucial for the theoretical design of SACs. With single metal atoms supported by g-C3N4 as a model system, a self-consistent screening framework is proposed for the theoretical design of SACs with respect to the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). Pourbaix diagrams are constructed on the basis of various co-adsorption configurations of N2, H, and OH. Possible stable configurations containing N2 under the expected reaction condition are considered to obtain the limiting potential of NRR, and the stability of the configuration at the calculated UL is rechecked. With this framework, AC stacking of double-layer g-C3N4-supported Nb and AA stacking and AB stacking of double-layer g-C3N4-supported W are predicted to exhibit superior NRR activity with UL values of -0.36, -0.45, and -0.52 V, respectively. This procedure can be widely applied to the screening of SACs for electrocatalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Qin
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Lanlan Chen
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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17
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Nguyen TKA, Trần-Phú T, Ta XMC, Truong TN, Leverett J, Daiyan R, Amal R, Tricoli A. Understanding Structure-Activity Relationship in Pt-loaded g-C 3 N 4 for Efficient Solar- Photoreforming of Polyethylene Terephthalate Plastic and Hydrogen Production. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300427. [PMID: 37712209 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Coupling the hydrogen evolution reaction with plastic waste photoreforming provides a synergistic path for simultaneous production of green hydrogen and recycling of post-consumer products, two major enablers for establishment of a circular economy. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3 N4 ) is a promising photocatalyst due to its suitable optoelectronic and physicochemical properties, and inexpensive fabrication. Herein, a mechanistic investigation of the structure-activity relationship of g-C3 N4 for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) photoreforming is reported by carefully controlling its fabrication from a subset of earth-abundant precursors, such as dicyandiamide, melamine, urea, and thiourea. These findings reveal that melamine-derived g-C3 N4 with 3 wt.% Pt has significantly higher performance than alternative derivations, achieving a maximum hydrogen evolution rate of 7.33 mmolH2 gcat -1 h-1 , and simultaneously photoconverting PET into valuable organic products including formate, glyoxal, and acetate, with excellent stability for over 30 h of continuous production. This is attributed to the higher crystallinity and associated chemical resistance of melamine-derived g-C3 N4 , playing a major role in stabilization of its morphology and surface properties. These new insights on the role of precursors and structural properties in dictating the photoactivity of g-C3 N4 set the foundation for the further development of photocatalytic processes for combined green hydrogen production and plastic waste reforming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Kim Anh Nguyen
- Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Science, Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Thành Trần-Phú
- Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Science, Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Xuan Minh Chau Ta
- Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Science, Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Thien N Truong
- School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Josh Leverett
- Particles and Catalysis Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Rahman Daiyan
- Particles and Catalysis Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Rose Amal
- Particles and Catalysis Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Antonio Tricoli
- Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Science, Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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18
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Ma L, Lin C, Jiang W, Yan S, Jiang H, Song X, Ai X, Cao X, Ding Y. Achieving Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution through the Construction of g-C 3N 4@PdS@Pt Nanocomposites. Molecules 2024; 29:493. [PMID: 38276572 PMCID: PMC11154439 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective supported catalysts have emerged as a promising approach to enhance carrier separation, particularly in the realm of photocatalytic hydrogen production. Herein, a pioneering exploration involves the loading of PdS and Pt catalyst onto g-C3N4 nanosheets to construct g-C3N4@PdS@Pt nanocomposites. The photocatalytic activity of nanocomposites was evaluated under visible light and full spectrum irradiation. The results show that g-C3N4@PdS@Pt nanocomposites exhibit excellent properties. Under visible light irradiation, these nanocomposites exhibit a remarkable production rate of 1289 μmol·g-1·h-1, marking a staggering 60-fold increase compared to g-C3N4@Pt (20.9 μmol·g-1·h-1). Furthermore, when subjected to full spectrum irradiation, the hydrogen production efficiency of g-C3N4@PdS@Pt-3 nanocomposites reaches an impressive 11,438 μmol·g-1·h-1, representing an eightfold enhancement compared to g-C3N4@Pt (1452 μmol·g-1·h-1) under identical conditions. Detailed investigations into the microstructure and optical properties of g-C3N4@PdS catalysts were conducted, shedding light on the mechanisms governing photocatalytic hydrogen production. This study offers valuable insights into the potential of these nanocomposites and their pivotal role in advancing photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligang Ma
- School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China; (L.M.); (C.L.); (W.J.); (S.Y.); (H.J.); (X.S.); (Y.D.)
| | - Chao Lin
- School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China; (L.M.); (C.L.); (W.J.); (S.Y.); (H.J.); (X.S.); (Y.D.)
| | - Wenjun Jiang
- School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China; (L.M.); (C.L.); (W.J.); (S.Y.); (H.J.); (X.S.); (Y.D.)
| | - Shun Yan
- School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China; (L.M.); (C.L.); (W.J.); (S.Y.); (H.J.); (X.S.); (Y.D.)
| | - Huilin Jiang
- School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China; (L.M.); (C.L.); (W.J.); (S.Y.); (H.J.); (X.S.); (Y.D.)
| | - Xiang Song
- School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China; (L.M.); (C.L.); (W.J.); (S.Y.); (H.J.); (X.S.); (Y.D.)
| | - Xiaoqian Ai
- School of Physics and Information Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Basic Education Big Data Application, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing 210013, China;
| | - Xiaoxiao Cao
- School of Physics and Information Engineering, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Basic Education Big Data Application, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing 210013, China;
| | - Yihuan Ding
- School of Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China; (L.M.); (C.L.); (W.J.); (S.Y.); (H.J.); (X.S.); (Y.D.)
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19
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Sun T, Gao P, He Y, Wu Z, Liu J, Rong X. Dual Z-scheme TCN/ZnS/ ZnIn 2S 4 with efficient separation for photocatalytic nitrogen fixation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 654:602-611. [PMID: 37864867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The development of an efficient catalyst that can use solar energy for NH3 production is of great significance in solving the environmental and energy crisis caused by the traditional ammonia synthesis process. In this work, a dual Z-scheme tubular carbon nitride/zinc sulfide/zinc indium sulfide ternary composited photocatalyst (TCN/ZnS/ZnIn2S4) with excellent nitrogen photofixation performance under visible light was prepared by self-assembly and hydrothermal methods. The crystal structure studies confirmed that tubular carbon nitride (TCN) had more active sites that could promote N2 adsorption. The photochemical studies proved that the double charge transfer channel provided by the dual Z-scheme heterojunction could improve the efficiency of electron-hole separation and achieve excellent photocatalytic nitrogen fixation. The ammonia production rate of the TCN/ZnS/ZnIn2S4 catalyst was up to 136.56 μmol/L, and it also has good stability and reusability. This work provides new insight into the development of Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts with green and efficient nitrogen fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ping Gao
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yuqing He
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhiren Wu
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xinshan Rong
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; TM Advanced Material Technology and Engineering Institute, Changzhou 213251, China.
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20
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Lu G, Li X, Lu P, Guo H, Wang Z, Zhang Q, Li Y, Sun W, An J, Zhang Z. Z-Type Heterojunction MnO 2@g-C 3N 4 Photocatalyst-Activated Peroxymonosulfate for the Removal of Tetracycline Hydrochloride in Water. TOXICS 2024; 12:70. [PMID: 38251025 PMCID: PMC10819820 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
A Z-type heterojunction MnO2@g-C3N4 photocatalyst with excellent performance was synthesized by an easy high-temperature thermal polymerization approach and combined with peroxymonosulfate (PMS) oxidation technology for highly efficient degrading of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC). Analysis of the morphological structural and photoelectric properties of the catalysts was achieved through different characterization approaches, showing that the addition of MnO2 heightened visible light absorption by g-C3N4. The Mn1-CN1/PMS system showed the best degradation of TC wastewater, with a TC degradation efficiency of 96.97% following 180 min of treatment. This was an approximate 38.65% increase over the g-C3N4/PMS system. Additionally, the Mn1-CN1 catalyst exhibited excellent stability and reusability. The active species trapping experiment indicated •OH and SO4•- remained the primary active species to degrade TC in the combined system. TC degradation pathways and intermediate products were determined. The Three-Dimensional Excitation-Emission Matrix (3DEEM) was employed for analyzing changes in the molecular structure in TC photocatalytic degradation. The biological toxicity of TC and its degradation intermediates were investigated via the Toxicity Estimation Software Test (T.E.S.T.). The research offers fresh thinking for water environment pollution treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglu Lu
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China; (G.L.); (X.L.); (P.L.); (Q.Z.); (W.S.)
| | - Xinjuan Li
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China; (G.L.); (X.L.); (P.L.); (Q.Z.); (W.S.)
| | - Peng Lu
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China; (G.L.); (X.L.); (P.L.); (Q.Z.); (W.S.)
| | - He Guo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Zimo Wang
- Department of Marine Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China;
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China; (G.L.); (X.L.); (P.L.); (Q.Z.); (W.S.)
| | - Yuchao Li
- Research Institute of Clean Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China;
| | - Wenbo Sun
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China; (G.L.); (X.L.); (P.L.); (Q.Z.); (W.S.)
| | - Jiutao An
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China; (G.L.); (X.L.); (P.L.); (Q.Z.); (W.S.)
| | - Zijian Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China; (G.L.); (X.L.); (P.L.); (Q.Z.); (W.S.)
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21
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Akıcı ŞY, Bankoğlu Yola B, Karslıoğlu B, Polat İ, Atar N, Yola ML. Fenpicoxamid-Imprinted Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Sensor Based on Sulfur-Doped Graphitic Carbon Nitride and Its Application to Rice Samples. MICROMACHINES 2023; 15:6. [PMID: 38276834 PMCID: PMC10820838 DOI: 10.3390/mi15010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
This research attempt involved the development and utilization of a newly designed surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor which incorporated sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride (S-g-C3N4) as the molecular imprinting material. The primary objective was to employ this sensor for the quantitative analysis of Fenpicoxamid (FEN) in rice samples. The synthesis of S-g-C3N4 with excellent purity was achieved using the thermal poly-condensation approach, which adheres to the principles of green chemistry. Afterwards, UV polymerization was utilized to fabricate a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) chip imprinted with FEN, employing S-g-C3N4 as the substrate material. This process involved the inclusion of N,N'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the cross-linker, methacryloylamidoglutamic acid (MAGA) as the monomer, and FEN as the analyte. After successful structural analysis investigations on a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) chip utilizing S-g-C3N4, which was imprinted with FEN, a comprehensive investigation was conducted using spectroscopic, microscopic, and electrochemical techniques. Subsequently, the kinetic analysis applications, namely the determination of the limit of quantification (LOQ) and the limit of detection (LOD), were carried out. For analytical results, the linearity of the FEN-imprinted SPR chip based on S-g-C3N4 was determined as 1.0-10.0 ng L-1 FEN, and LOQ and LOD values were obtained as 1.0 ng L-1 and 0.30 ng L-1, respectively. Finally, the prepared SPR sensor's high selectivity, repeatability, reproducibility, and stability will ensure safe food consumption worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şule Yıldırım Akıcı
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep 27000, Turkey; (Ş.Y.A.); (İ.P.)
| | - Bahar Bankoğlu Yola
- Department of Engineering Basic Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep 27000, Turkey;
| | - Betül Karslıoğlu
- Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, Faculty of Tourism, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep 27000, Turkey;
| | - İlknur Polat
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep 27000, Turkey; (Ş.Y.A.); (İ.P.)
| | - Necip Atar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pamukkale University, Denizli 20160, Turkey;
| | - Mehmet Lütfi Yola
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep 27000, Turkey; (Ş.Y.A.); (İ.P.)
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22
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Pérez-Torres A, Hernández-Barreto DF, Bernal V, Giraldo L, Moreno-Piraján JC, da Silva EA, Alves MDCM, Morais J, Hernandez Y, Cortés MT, Macías MA. Sulfur-Doped g-C 3N 4 Heterojunctions for Efficient Visible Light Degradation of Methylene Blue. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:47821-47834. [PMID: 38144128 PMCID: PMC10734029 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The discharge of synthetic dyes from different industrial sources has become a global issue of concern. Enormous amounts are released into wastewater each year, causing concerns due to the high toxic consequences. Photocatalytic semiconductors appear as a green and sustainable form of remediation. Among them, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has been widely studied due to its low cost and ease of fabrication. In this work, the synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic study over methylene blue of undoped, B/S-doped, and exfoliated heterojunctions of g-C3N4 are presented. The evaluation of the photocatalytic performance showed that exfoliated undoped/S-doped heterojunctions with 25, 50, and 75 mass % of S-doped (g-C3N4) present enhanced activity with an apparent reaction rate constant (kapp) of 1.92 × 10-2 min-1 for the 75% sample. These results are supported by photoluminescence (PL) experiments showing that this heterojunction presents the less probable electron-hole recombination. UV-vis diffuse reflectance and valence band-X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (VB-XPS) allowed the calculation of the band-gap and the valence band positions, suggesting a band structure diagram describing a type I heterojunction. The photocatalytic activities calculated demonstrate that this property is related to the surface area and porosity of the samples, the semiconductor nature of the g-C3N4 structure, and, in this case, the heterojunction that modifies the band structure. These results are of great importance considering that scarce reports are found concerning exfoliated B/S-doped heterojunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés
F. Pérez-Torres
- Crystallography
and Chemistry of Materials, CrisQuimMat, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C. 111711, Colombia
| | - Diego F. Hernández-Barreto
- Facultad
de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Grupo de Investigación
en Sólidos Porosos y Calorimetría, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá
D.C. 111711, Colombia
| | - Valentina Bernal
- Facultad
de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Grupo de Investigación
en Sólidos Porosos y Calorimetría, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá
D.C. 111711, Colombia
| | - Liliana Giraldo
- Facultad
de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Grupo de Calorimetría, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá 01, Bogotá D.C. 111321, Colombia
| | - Juan Carlos Moreno-Piraján
- Facultad
de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Grupo de Investigación
en Sólidos Porosos y Calorimetría, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá
D.C. 111711, Colombia
| | - Edjan Alves da Silva
- Electron
Spectroscopy Lab (LEe-), Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria do Carmo Martins Alves
- Instituto
de Química, Universidade Federal
do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jonder Morais
- Electron
Spectroscopy Lab (LEe-), Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Yenny Hernandez
- Department
of Physics, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C. 111711, Colombia
| | - María T. Cortés
- Departamento
de Química, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C. 111711, Colombia
| | - Mario A. Macías
- Crystallography
and Chemistry of Materials, CrisQuimMat, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá D.C. 111711, Colombia
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23
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Ramesh A, Maladan A, Sahu PK, Duvvuri S, Subrahmanyam C. Rod-Shaped Spinel Co 3O 4 and Carbon Nitride Heterostructure-Modified Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide Electrode as an Electrochemical Transducer for Efficient Sensing of Hydrazine. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4894-4905. [PMID: 37814422 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Engineering low-cost and efficient materials for sensing hydrazine (HA) is critical given the adverse effects of high concentrations on humans. We report an efficient electrode made up of rod-shaped Co3O4/g-C3N4 (Co3O4/graphitic carbon nitride (GCN))-coated fluorine-doped tin oxide as a desirable electrode for the detection of HA. GCN is synthesized by the thermal decomposition of melamine, Co3O4, and the heterostructure is grown by a hydrothermal process. The as-prepared materials were characterized by using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The voltammetric studies showed that HA can be oxidized at a lower onset potential of 0.24 V vs reference Ag/AgCl, and the composite yielded a significantly enhanced oxidation peak current than the pure components because of the high electrocatalytic activity and the synergy between Co3O4 and GCN. By employing chronoamperometry, the proposed sensor can detect HA in a wide range with a high sensitivity of 819.52 μA mM-1 cm-2 and a detection limit of 3.14 μM. The high conductivity of Co3O4, enhanced electroactive surface area, the rich redox couples of Co2+/Co3+, and the additional catalytic sites from GCN are responsible for the high performance of the heterostructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Ramesh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India
| | - Aswathi Maladan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India
| | - Pravat Kumar Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India
| | - Suryakala Duvvuri
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ch Subrahmanyam
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India
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24
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Tong S, Zhang X, Yang P. G-C 3N 4 sheet nanoarchitectonics with island-like crystalline/amorphous homojunctions towards efficient H 2 and H 2O 2 evolution. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116805. [PMID: 37532211 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalystic evolution of H2O2 from water and oxygen has attracted significant attention because of environmentally friendly. The absorption in visible and hydrophilic feature of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) make it a good candidate. In this paper, a rapid post-treatment at high temperature was developed to obtain g-C3N4 nanosheets with abundant crystalline/amorphous interfaces to form homojunctions, which optimized uniplanar carrier mobility dynamics. The conversion from bulk to two-dimensional g-C3N4 resulted from the breakage of interplanar hydrogen bonds and interlayer Van der Waals force. The unique morphology not only rendered photocatalyst with larger specific surface area but also inhibited the robust volume recombination of charge carriers. The accelerated charge carriers flow at the interface, interplane and interlayer together ameliorated the separation and transfer of electrons and holes. A new-emerged n→π* transition ameliorated the poor light utilization efficiency. Beyond the increased photocatalytic H2 evolution property (779.2 μmol g-1 h-1), optimized sample displayed a H2O2 evolution activity as high as 4877.1 μM g-1 h-1 under visible light illumination, which was ∼5.8 times of that of bulk g-C3N4. Detailed photocatalytic mechanism investigation manifested that the two-step single-electron oxygen reduction process occupied the dominant status in H2O2 evolution. This work proposed a novel strategy for obtaining g-C3N4 homojunctions as a promising bi-functional metal-free catalyst to be applied in clean energy production field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Tong
- School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24 St., 31-155, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Ping Yang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China.
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25
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Bajiri MA, Alkanad K, Alnaggar G, G.C. SS, Al-Maswari BM, Abdullah MM, Al-khawlani A, N.K. L, B. N, H.S. BN. Tailoring morphology and structure of 1D/2D isotype g-C3N4 for sonophotocatalytic hydrogen evaluation. SURFACES AND INTERFACES 2023; 42:103511. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2023.103511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
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26
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Kumar P, Singh G, Guan X, Lee J, Bahadur R, Ramadass K, Kumar P, Kibria MG, Vidyasagar D, Yi J, Vinu A. Multifunctional carbon nitride nanoarchitectures for catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7602-7664. [PMID: 37830178 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00213f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Catalysis is at the heart of modern-day chemical and pharmaceutical industries, and there is an urgent demand to develop metal-free, high surface area, and efficient catalysts in a scalable, reproducible and economic manner. Amongst the ever-expanding two-dimensional materials family, carbon nitride (CN) has emerged as the most researched material for catalytic applications due to its unique molecular structure with tunable visible range band gap, surface defects, basic sites, and nitrogen functionalities. These properties also endow it with anchoring capability with a large number of catalytically active sites and provide opportunities for doping, hybridization, sensitization, etc. To make considerable progress in the use of CN as a highly effective catalyst for various applications, it is critical to have an in-depth understanding of its synthesis, structure and surface sites. The present review provides an overview of the recent advances in synthetic approaches of CN, its physicochemical properties, and band gap engineering, with a focus on its exclusive usage in a variety of catalytic reactions, including hydrogen evolution reactions, overall water splitting, water oxidation, CO2 reduction, nitrogen reduction reactions, pollutant degradation, and organocatalysis. While the structural design and band gap engineering of catalysts are elaborated, the surface chemistry is dealt with in detail to demonstrate efficient catalytic performances. Burning challenges in catalytic design and future outlook are elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Gurwinder Singh
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Xinwei Guan
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jangmee Lee
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Rohan Bahadur
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Kavitha Ramadass
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Md Golam Kibria
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Devthade Vidyasagar
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiabao Yi
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
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27
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Shenoy S, Chuaicham C, Sekar K, Sasaki K. Atomic-level investigation on significance of photoreduced Pt nanoparticles over g-C 3 N 4 /bimetallic oxide composites. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300478. [PMID: 37337849 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Designing an effective photocatalyst for solar-to-chemical fuel conversion presents significant challenges. Herein, g-C3 N4 nanotubes/CuCo2 O4 (CN-NT-CCO) composites decorated with platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) were successfully synthesized by chemical and photochemical reductions. The size distribution and location of Pt NPs on the surface of CN-NT-CCO composites were directly observed by TEM. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra of Pt L3-edge for the above composite confirmed establishment of Pt-N bonds at an atomic distance of 2.09 Å in the photoreduced Pt-bearing composite, which was shorter than in chemically reduced Pt-bearing composites. This proved the stronger interaction of photoreduced Pt NPs with the CN-NT-CCO composite than chemical reduced one. The H2 evolution performance of the photoreduced (PR) Pt@CN-NT-CCO (2079 μmol h-1 g-1 ) was greater than that of the chemically reduced (CR) Pt@CN-NT-CCO composite (1481 μmol h-1 g-1 ). The abundance of catalytically active sites and transfer of electrons from CN-NT to the Pt NPs to participate in the hydrogen evolution are the primary reasons for the improved performance. Furthermore, electrochemical investigations and band edge locations validated the presence of a Z-scheme heterojunction at the Pt@CN-NT-CCO interface. This work offers unique perspectives on the structure and interface design at the atomic level to fabricate high-performance heterojunction photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulakshana Shenoy
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Chitiphon Chuaicham
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Karthikeyan Sekar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Keiko Sasaki
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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28
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Kuzkova N, Kiyan IY, Wilkinson I, Merschjann C. Ultrafast dynamics in polymeric carbon nitride thin films probed by time-resolved EUV photoemission and UV-Vis transient absorption spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:27094-27113. [PMID: 37807824 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03191h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The ground- and excited-state electronic structures of four polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) materials have been investigated using a combination of photoemission and optical absorption spectroscopy. To establish the driving forces for photocatalytic water-splitting reactions, the ground-state data was used to produce a band diagram of the PCN materials and the triethanolamine electron scavenger, commonly implemented in water-splitting devices. The ultrafast charge-carrier dynamics of the same PCN materials were also investigated using two femtosecond-time-resolved pump-probe techniques: extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) photoemission and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) transient absorption spectroscopy. The complementary combination of these surface- and bulk-sensitive methods facilitated photoinduced kinetic measurements spanning the sub-picosecond to few nanosecond time range. The results show that 400 nm (3.1 eV) excitation sequentially populates a pair of short-lived transient species, which subsequently produce two different long-lived excited states on a sub-picosecond time scale. Based on the spectro-temporal characteristics of the long-lived signals, they are assigned to singlet-exciton and charge-transfer states. The associated charge-separation efficiency was inferred to be between 65% and 78% for the different studied materials. A comparison of results from differently synthesized PCNs revealed that the early-time processes do not differ qualitatively between sample batches, but that materials of more voluminous character tend to have higher charge separation efficiencies, compared to exfoliated colloidal materials. This finding was corroborated via a series of experiments that revealed an absence of any pump-fluence dependence of the initial excited-state decay kinetics and characteristic carrier-concentration effects that emerge beyond few-picosecond timescales. The initial dynamics of the photoinduced charge carriers in the PCNs are correspondingly determined to be spatially localised in the immediate vicinity of the lattice-constituting motif, while the long-time behaviour is dominated by charge-transport and recombination processes. Suppressing the latter by confining excited species within nanoscale volumes should therefore affect the usability of PCN materials in photocatalytic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Kuzkova
- Institute of Electronic Structure Dynamics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Igor Yu Kiyan
- Institute of Electronic Structure Dynamics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Iain Wilkinson
- Institute of Electronic Structure Dynamics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Merschjann
- Department Atomic-Scale Dynamics in Light-Energy Conversion, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.
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29
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Li Z, Yu F, Xu X, Wang T, Fei J, Hao J, Li J. Photozyme-Catalyzed ATP Generation Based on ATP Synthase-Reconstituted Nanoarchitectonics. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20907-20912. [PMID: 37606591 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that ATP synthase-reconstituted proteoliposome coatings on the surface of microcapsules can realize photozyme-catalyzed oxidative phosphorylation. The microcapsules were assembled through layer-by-layer deposition of semiconducting graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets and polyelectrolytes. It is found that electrons from polyelectrolytes are transferred to g-C3N4 nanosheets, which enhances the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Thus, the encapsulated g-C3N4 nanosheets as the photozyme accelerate oxidation of glucose into gluconic acid to yield protons under light illumination. The outward transmembrane proton gradient is established to drive ATP synthase to synthesize adenosine triphosphate. With such an assembled system, light-driven oxidative phosphorylation is achieved. This indicates that an assembled photozyme can be used for oxidative phosphorylation, which creates an unusual way for chemical-to-biological energy conversion. Compared to conventional oxidative phosphorylation systems, such an artificial design enables higher energy conversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibo Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Fanchen Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xia Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tonghui Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinbo Fei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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30
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Kumar N, Kumari M, Ismael M, Tahir M, Sharma RK, Kumari K, Koduru JR, Singh P. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3N 4)-assisted materials for the detection and remediation of hazardous gases and VOCs. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116149. [PMID: 37209982 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)-based materials are attracting attention for their unique properties, such as low-cost, chemical stability, facile synthesis, adjustable electronic structure, and optical properties. These facilitate the use of g-C3N4 to design better photocatalytic and sensing materials. Environmental pollution by hazardous gases and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be monitored and controlled using eco-friendly g-C3N4- photocatalysts. Firstly, this review introduces the structure, optical and electronic properties of C3N4 and C3N4 assisted materials, followed by various synthesis strategies. In continuation, binary and ternary nanocomposites of C3N4 with metal oxides, sulfides, noble metals, and graphene are elaborated. g-C3N4/metal oxide composites exhibited better charge separation that leads to enhancement in photocatalytic properties. g-C3N4/noble metal composites possess higher photocatalytic activities due to the surface plasmon effects of metals. Ternary composites by the presence of dual heterojunctions improve properties of g-C3N4 for enhanced photocatalytic application. In the later part, we have summarised the application of g-C3N4 and its assisted materials for sensing toxic gases and VOCs and decontaminating NOx and VOCs by photocatalysis. Composites of g-C3N4 with metal and metal oxide give comparatively better results. This review is expected to bring a new sketch for developing g-C3N4-based photocatalysts and sensors with practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India.
| | - Monika Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Mohammed Ismael
- Electrical energy storage system, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, UAE University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Kavitha Kumari
- Baba Mastnath University, Asthal Bohar, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Janardhan Reddy Koduru
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, South Korea
| | - Pardeep Singh
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India
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31
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Ren Z, Ma H, Geng J, Liu C, Song C, Lv Y. ZnO QDs/GO/g-C 3N 4 Preparation and Photocatalytic Properties of Composites. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1501. [PMID: 37630037 PMCID: PMC10456475 DOI: 10.3390/mi14081501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Using an ultrasound-assisted chemical technique, ZnO quantum dot and ZnO composites were created. The optical characteristics and structural details of these composites were examined using TEM, XRD, XPS, FT-IR, UV-vis, and BET. The results revealed that both the ZnO quantum dot composite and ZnO composite exhibited outstanding optical properties, making them suitable for photocatalytic reactions. In order to analyze the photocatalytic performance, a degradation experiment was conducted using Rhodamine B solution as the simulation dye wastewater. The experiment demonstrated that the degradation of Rhodamine B followed the first-order reaction kinetics equation when combined with the photocatalytic reaction kinetics. Moreover, through cyclic stability testing, it was determined that the ZnO QDs-GO-g-C3N4 composite sample showed good stability and could be reused. The degradation rates of Rhodamine B solution using ZnO-GO-g-C3N4 and ZnO QDs-GO-g-C3N4 reached 95.25% and 97.16%, respectively. Furthermore, free-radical-trapping experiments confirmed that ·O2- was the main active species in the catalytic system and its photocatalytic mechanism was elucidated. The photocatalytic oxidation of ZnO quantum dots in this study has important reference value and provides a new idea for the subsequent research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, China
| | - Huachao Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, China
| | - Jianxin Geng
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, China
| | - Cuijuan Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, China
| | - Chaoyu Song
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuguang Lv
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, China
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Zhurenok AV, Vasichenko DB, Berdyugin SN, Gerasimov EY, Saraev AA, Cherepanova SV, Kozlova EA. Photocatalysts Based on Graphite-like Carbon Nitride with a Low Content of Rhodium and Palladium for Hydrogen Production under Visible Light. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2176. [PMID: 37570494 PMCID: PMC10421291 DOI: 10.3390/nano13152176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we proposed photocatalysts based on graphite-like carbon nitride with a low content (0.01-0.5 wt.%) of noble metals (Pd, Rh) for hydrogen evolution under visible light irradiation. As precursors of rhodium and palladium, labile aqua and nitrato complexes [Rh2(H2O)8(μ-OH)2](NO3)4∙4H2O and (Et4N)2[Pd(NO3)4], respectively, were proposed. To obtain metallic particles, reduction was carried out in H2 at 400 °C. The synthesized photocatalysts were studied using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The activity of the photocatalysts was tested in the hydrogen evolution from aqueous and aqueous alkaline solutions of TEOA under visible light with a wavelength of 428 nm. It was shown that the activity for the 0.01-0.5% Rh/g-C3N4 series is higher than in the case of the 0.01-0.5% Pd/g-C3N4 photocatalysts. The 0.5% Rh/g-C3N4 sample showed the highest activity per gram of catalyst, equal to 3.9 mmol gcat-1 h-1, whereas the most efficient use of the metal particles was found over the 0.1% Rh/g-C3N4 photocatalyst, with the activity of 2.4 mol per gram of Rh per hour. The data obtained are of interest and can serve for further research in the field of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution using noble metals as cocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina V. Zhurenok
- Federal Research Center, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Lavrentieva Ave. 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.V.Z.); (D.B.V.); (E.Y.G.); (A.A.S.); (S.V.C.)
| | - Danila B. Vasichenko
- Federal Research Center, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Lavrentieva Ave. 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.V.Z.); (D.B.V.); (E.Y.G.); (A.A.S.); (S.V.C.)
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia;
| | - Semen N. Berdyugin
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia;
| | - Evgeny Yu. Gerasimov
- Federal Research Center, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Lavrentieva Ave. 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.V.Z.); (D.B.V.); (E.Y.G.); (A.A.S.); (S.V.C.)
| | - Andrey A. Saraev
- Federal Research Center, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Lavrentieva Ave. 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.V.Z.); (D.B.V.); (E.Y.G.); (A.A.S.); (S.V.C.)
| | - Svetlana V. Cherepanova
- Federal Research Center, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Lavrentieva Ave. 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.V.Z.); (D.B.V.); (E.Y.G.); (A.A.S.); (S.V.C.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Kozlova
- Federal Research Center, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Lavrentieva Ave. 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.V.Z.); (D.B.V.); (E.Y.G.); (A.A.S.); (S.V.C.)
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Ren P, Zhang T, Jain N, Ching HYV, Jaworski A, Barcaro G, Monti S, Silvestre-Albero J, Celorrio V, Chouhan L, Rokicińska A, Debroye E, Kuśtrowski P, Van Doorslaer S, Van Aert S, Bals S, Das S. An Atomically Dispersed Mn-Photocatalyst for Generating Hydrogen Peroxide from Seawater via the Water Oxidation Reaction (WOR). J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37487055 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have fabricated an aryl amino-substituted graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) catalyst with atomically dispersed Mn capable of generating hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) directly from seawater. This new catalyst exhibited excellent reactivity, obtaining up to 2230 μM H2O2 in 7 h from alkaline water and up to 1800 μM from seawater under identical conditions. More importantly, the catalyst was quickly recovered for subsequent reuse without appreciable loss in performance. Interestingly, unlike the usual two-electron oxygen reduction reaction pathway, the generation of H2O2 was through a less common two-electron water oxidation reaction (WOR) process in which both the direct and indirect WOR processes occurred; namely, photoinduced h+ directly oxidized H2O to H2O2 via a one-step 2e- WOR, and photoinduced h+ first oxidized a hydroxide (OH-) ion to generate a hydroxy radical (•OH), and H2O2 was formed indirectly by the combination of two •OH. We have characterized the material, at the catalytic sites, at the atomic level using electron paramagnetic resonance, X-ray absorption near edge structure, extended X-ray absorption fine structure, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, magic-angle spinning solid-state NMR spectroscopy, and multiscale molecular modeling, combining classical reactive molecular dynamics simulations and quantum chemistry calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Noopur Jain
- EMAT and NANOlab Center of Excellence, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - H Y Vincent Ching
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Aleksander Jaworski
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | - Giovanni Barcaro
- CNR-IPCF, Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes, Area della Ricerca, Pisa I-56124, Italy
| | - Susanna Monti
- CNR-ICCOM, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, Area della Ricerca, Pisa I-56124, Italy
| | | | - Veronica Celorrio
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Lata Chouhan
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Anna Rokicińska
- Department of Chemical Technology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow 30-387, Poland
| | - Elke Debroye
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Piotr Kuśtrowski
- Department of Chemical Technology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow 30-387, Poland
| | | | - Sandra Van Aert
- EMAT and NANOlab Center of Excellence, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Sara Bals
- EMAT and NANOlab Center of Excellence, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Shoubhik Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
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Makowski D, Lisowski W, Baluk MA, Klimczuk T, Bajorowicz B. Design and Synthesis of NTU-9/C 3N 4 Photocatalysts: Effects of NTU-9 Content and Composite Preparation Method. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5007. [PMID: 37512281 PMCID: PMC10385252 DOI: 10.3390/ma16145007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid materials based on graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and NTU-9 metal-organic frameworks (MOF) were designed and prepared via solvothermal synthesis and calcination in air. The as-prepared photocatalysts were subsequently characterized using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), photoluminescence (PL) emission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The obtained NTU-9/C3N4 composites showed a greatly improved photocatalytic performance for the degradation of toluene in the gas phase under LED visible-light irradiation (λmax = 415 nm). The physicochemical properties and photocatalytic activities of the obtained NTU-9/C3N4 materials were tuned by varying the NTU-9 content (5-15 wt%) and preparation method of the composite materials. For composites prepared by calcination, the photocatalytic activity increased with decreasing NTU-9 content as a result of the formation of TiO2 from the MOFs. The best photocatalytic performance (65% of toluene was photodegraded after 60 min) was achieved by the NTU-9/C3N4 sample prepared via the solvothermal method and containing 15 wt% MOF, which can be attributed to the appropriate amount and stable combination of composite components, efficient charge separation, and enhanced visible-light absorption ability. The photocatalytic mechanisms of the prepared hybrid materials depending on the preparation method are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Makowski
- Department of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Wojciech Lisowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz A Baluk
- Department of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Klimczuk
- Department of Solid State Physics, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Beata Bajorowicz
- Department of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
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Liu S, Ge Y, Wang C, Li K, Mei Y. TiO 2/BP/g-C 3N 4 heterojunction photocatalyst for the enhanced photocatalytic degradation of RhB. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:84452-84461. [PMID: 37369897 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28070-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of graphite carbon nitride (g-C3N4, CN) as a photocatalyst is limited due to its quick recombination of photogenerated carriers and layer re-stacking. To enhance its photocatalytic activity, a multi-heterojunction photocatalyst was developed using TiO2 and black phosphorus (BP) coupled with CN through a liquid-phase ultrasonic method. The composite, TiO2/BP/CN, demonstrated a wider range of light response and higher photo-induced carrier separation efficiency. The presence of TiO2 nanoparticles on CN nanolayers reduced interlayer stacking and increased specific surface area, thereby providing more reactive sites. As a result, the optimized TiO2/BP/CN composite demonstrated enhanced photocatalytic efficiency for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB), with a first-order kinetic constant of 2.8, 4.3, and 6.4 times that of CN, TiO2, and BP, respectively. Active substance capture experiments confirmed that superoxide radical (·O2) was the primary reactive species. This study highlights the potential of the developed TiO2/BP/CN composite as a promising photocatalyst for environmental remediation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujian Liu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, Kunming, 650500, China
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yanqing Ge
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, Kunming, 650500, China
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Chi Wang
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, Kunming, 650500, China.
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Kai Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yi Mei
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, Kunming, 650500, China
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650500, China
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36
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Ma M, Xu F, Liu J, Li B, Liu Z, Gao B, Li Q. Insights into S-doped iron-based carbonaceous nanocomposites with enhanced activation of persulfate for rapid degradation of organic pollutant. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 335:139006. [PMID: 37257657 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the work, S-doped iron-based carbon nanocomposites (Fe-S@CN) for activating persulfate (PS) were prepared by calcining iron-loaded sodium lignosulfonate. The characterization revealed that the main substances of Fe-S@CN were FeS and Fe3C, which were distributed on porous carbon nanosheets in rod-like morphology. In the Fe-S@CN/PS system, carbamazepine could be completely removed within 30 min, and the relative contribution of hydroxyl radicals (OH·), sulfate radicals (SO4·-) and total singlet oxygen (1O2) and superoxide radicals (O2·-) for carbamazepine removal were approximated as 8.7%, 19.2% and 72.1%, respectively. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrated that S doping promoted the formation of various active species. Compared with the catalyst without S doping, Fe-S@CN exhibited higher activation performance (1.48-fold) for PS due to the enhanced electron transfer rate and facilitated Fe2+/Fe3+ cycle. Density functional theory calculations showed that S doping promoted the binding between the catalyst and PS, and enhanced the overall internal electron density of the catalyst. Fe-S@CN exhibited excellent catalytic performance over a wide pH range (3.0-11.0). The active sites of Fe-S@CN used in the cycling experiments was also largely recovered after thermal regeneration. Overall, this study shows for the first time the impact of SLS as an S dopant on enhanced PS activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Ma
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266200, PR China
| | - Fei Xu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266200, PR China
| | - Jikai Liu
- Jining Ecological and Environmental Technology Guarantee Center, Jining, 272000, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266200, PR China
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266200, PR China
| | - Qian Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266200, PR China.
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37
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Wang Y, Zhu X, Yang M, Ma H, Li R, Zhang J, Zhao Q, Ren J, Wang X, Yu H, Gao J, Hu M, Yang J. Fe Powder Catalytically Synthesized C 3N 3 toward High-Performance Anode Materials of Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:22051-22064. [PMID: 37104816 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, carbon nitrides and their carbon-based derivatives have been widely studied as anode materials of lithium-ion batteries due to their graphite-like structure and abundant nitrogen active sites. In this paper, a layered carbon nitride material C3N3 consisting of triazine rings with an ultrahigh theoretical specific capacity was designed and synthesized by an innovative method based on Fe powder-catalyzed carbon-carbon coupling polymerization of cyanuric chloride at 260 °C, with reference to the Ullmann reaction. The structural characterizations indicated that the as-synthesized material had a C/N ratio close to 1:1 and a layered structure and only contained one type of nitrogen, suggesting the successful synthesis of C3N3. When used as a lithium-ion battery anode, the C3N3 material showed a high reversible specific capacity up to 842.39 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1, good rate capability, and excellent cycling stability attributed to abundant pyridine nitrogen active sites, large specific surface area, and good structure stability. Ex situ XPS results indicated that Li+ storage relies on the reversible transformation of -C=N- and -C-N- groups as well as the formation of bridge-connected -C=C- bonds. To further optimize the performance, the reaction temperature was further increased to synthesize a series of C3N3 derivatives for the enhanced specific surface area and conductivity. The resulting derivative prepared at 550 °C showed the best electrochemical performance, with an initial specific capacity close to 900 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 and good cycling stability (94.3% capacity retention after 500 cycles at 1 A g-1). This work will undoubtedly inspire the further study of high-capacity carbon nitride-based electrode materials for energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xiaoran Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingsheng Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huige Ma
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianze Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center on Nanoenergy Research, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiayi Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haiping Yu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiefeng Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Mingjun Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- ShenSi Lab, Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518110, China
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38
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Garcia-Munoz P, Valenzuela L, Wegstein D, Schanz T, Lopez GE, Ruppert AM, Remita H, Bloh JZ, Keller N. Photocatalytic Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide from Molecular Oxygen and Water. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:15. [PMID: 37160833 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-023-00423-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide is a powerful and green oxidant that allows for the oxidation of a wide span of organic and inorganic substrates in liquid media under mild reaction conditions, and forms only molecular water and oxygen as end products. Hydrogen peroxide is therefore used in a wide range of applications, for which the well-documented and established anthraquinone autoxidation process is by far the dominating production method at the industrial scale. As this method is highly energy consuming and environmentally costly, the search for more sustainable synthesis methods is of high interest. To this end, the article reviews the basis and the recent development of the photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide. Different oxygen reduction and water oxidation mechanisms are discussed, as well as several kinetic models, and the influence of the main key reaction parameters is itemized. A large range of photocatalytic materials is reviewed, with emphasis on titania-based photocatalysts and on high-prospect graphitic carbon nitride-based systems that take advantage of advanced bulk and surface synthetic approaches. Strategies for enhancing the performances of solar-driven photocatalysts are reported, and the search for new, alternative, photocatalytic materials is detailed. Finally, the promise of in situ photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for water treatment and organic synthesis is described, as well as its coupling with enzymes and the direct in situ synthesis of other technical peroxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Garcia-Munoz
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Valenzuela
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), CNRS/University of Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, Strasbourg, France
| | - Deborah Wegstein
- DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tobias Schanz
- DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Girlie Eunice Lopez
- Institut de Chimie Physique, CNRS UMR 8000, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Agnieszka M Ruppert
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924, Łódź, Poland
| | - Hynd Remita
- Institut de Chimie Physique, CNRS UMR 8000, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Jonathan Z Bloh
- DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nicolas Keller
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), CNRS/University of Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, Strasbourg, France.
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39
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Zhong X, Zhu Y, Jiang M, Sun Q, Yao J. Photochemical Synthesis of Porous Triazine-/Heptazine-Based Carbon Nitride Homojunction for Efficient Overall Water Splitting. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202059. [PMID: 36647204 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Porous triazine-/heptazine-based carbon nitride (THCN) homojunction with chloride (Cl) doping was synthesized by a simple, one-step photochemical synthesis route for efficient visible-light-driven overall water splitting. The phase ratio of triazine-based carbon nitride (TCN) and heptazine-based carbon nitride (HCN), texture and morphology of the THCN isotype junction were finely tuned by varying ultraviolet irradiation time and washing solvents. After washing with acetonitrile, the resulting porous THCN nanosheets with 48 h irradiation contain 21 wt % TCN and 79 wt % HCN units and reveal a significantly improved photocatalytic performance with H2 and O2 production rates up to 7.9 and 4.2 μmol h-1 , respectively, about 3.8 times higher than that of THCN prepared by 36 h illumination. The dual-phase interaction, holey structure, and Cl dopants favor the exposure of active sites, extended visible-light harvesting, accelerated charge transfer, and enhanced photoreduction ability, thereby improving photocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Zhu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Qiufan Sun
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Yao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, P. R. China
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Zhao B, Liang J, Zou X, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Niu L. Crystallization Regulation Engineering in the Carbon Nitride Nanoflower for Strong and Stable Electrochemiluminescence. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:16723-16731. [PMID: 36971542 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cathode electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of C3N4 material has suffered from weak and unstable ECL emission for a long time, which greatly limits its practical application. Herein, a novel approach was developed to improve the ECL performance by regulating the crystallinity of the C3N4 nanoflower for the first time. The high-crystalline C3N4 nanoflower achieved a pretty strong ECL signal as well as excellent long-term stability compared to low-crystalline C3N4 when K2S2O8 was used as a co-reactant. Through the investigation, it is found that the enhanced ECL signal is attributed to the simultaneous inhibition of K2S2O8 catalytic reduction and enhancement of C3N4 reduction in the high-crystalline C3N4 nanoflower, which can provide more opportunities for SO4• - to react with electro-reduced C3N4• -, and a new "activity passivation ECL mechanism" was proposed, while the improvement of the stability is mainly ascribed to the long-range ordered atomic arrangements caused by structure stability in the high-crystalline C3N4 nanoflower. As a benefit from the excellent ECL emission and stability of high-crystalline C3N4, the C3N4 nanoflower/K2S2O8 system was employed as a Cu2+ detection sensing platform, which exhibited high sensitivity, excellent stability, and good selectivity with a wide linear range from 6 nM to 10 μM and a low detection limit of 1.8 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Zhao
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Economics and Statistics, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Liang
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Economics and Statistics, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingzi Zou
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Economics and Statistics, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Baohua Zhang
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Economics and Statistics, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Economics and Statistics, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Niu
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Economics and Statistics, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People's Republic of China
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Fiorio JL, Garcia MA, Gothe ML, Galvan D, Troise PC, Conte-Junior CA, Vidinha P, Camargo PH, Rossi LM. Recent advances in the use of nitrogen-doped carbon materials for the design of noble metal catalysts. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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Bi R, Liu J, Zhou C, Shen Y, Liu Z, Wang Z. In situ synthesis of g-C 3N 4/TiO 2 heterojunction by a concentrated absorption process for efficient photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:55044-55056. [PMID: 36882657 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26265-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The construction of heterojunctions between semiconductors is a preferred route to improve overall photocatalytic activity. In this work, a facile and feasible method was innovatively developed to one-step prepare g-C3N4/TiO2 heterojunctions via an absorption-calcination process using nitrogen and titanium precursors directly. This method can effectively avoid interfacial defects and establish a tight interfacial connection between g-C3N4 and TiO2. The resultant g-C3N4/TiO2 composites exhibited prominent photodegradation efficiency for tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl) under visible light and simulated-sunlight irradiation. The optimal g-C3N4/TiO2 composite (urea content of 4 g) showed the highest photocatalytic efficiency, which can degrade 90.1% TC-HCl under simulated-sunlight irradiation within 30 min, achieving 3.9 and 2 times increases compared to pure g-C3N4 and TiO2, respectively. Besides, photodegradation pathways based on the role of active species ·O2- and ·OH were identified, indicating that a direct Z-scheme heterojunction was formed over the g-C3N4/TiO2 photocatalyst. The enhanced photocatalytic performance can be attributed to the close-knit interface contact and the formation of Z-scheme heterojunction between g-C3N4 and TiO2, which can accelerate the photo-induced charge carrier separation, broaden the spectra absorption range, and retain a higher redox potential. This one-step synthesis method may provide a new strategy for the construction of Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts consisting of g-C3N4 and TiO2 for environmental remediation and solar energy utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renke Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jialong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Chutong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yijie Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
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Ruban SM, Ramadass K, Singh G, Talapaneni SN, Kamalakar G, Gadipelly CR, Mannepalli LK, Sugi Y, Vinu A. Organocatalysis with carbon nitrides. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2023; 24:2188879. [PMID: 37007670 PMCID: PMC10054243 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2023.2188879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nitrides, a distinguished class of metal-free catalytic materials, have presented a good potential for chemical transformations and are expected to become prominent materials for organocatalysis. This is largely possible due to their low cost, exceptional thermal and chemical stability, non-toxicity, ease of functionalization, porosity development, etc. Especially, the carbon nitrides with increased porosity and nitrogen contents are more versatile than their bulk counterparts for catalysis. These N-rich carbon nitrides are discussed in the earlier parts of the review. Later, the review highlights the role of such carbon nitride materials for the various organic catalytic reactions including Knoevenagel condensation, oxidation, hydrogenation, esterification, transesterification, cycloaddition, and hydrolysis. The recently emerging concepts in carbon nitride-based organocatalysis have been given special attention. In each of the sections, the structure-property relationship of the materials was discussed and related to their catalysis action. Relevant comparisons with other catalytic materials are also discussed to realize their real potential value. The perspective, challenges, and future directions are also discussed. The overall objective of this review is to provide up-to-date information on new developments in carbon nitride-based organic catalysis reactions that could see them rising as prominent catalytic materials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujanya Maria Ruban
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Kavitha Ramadass
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Gurwinder Singh
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | | | - Gunda Kamalakar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Yoshihiro Sugi
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
- Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
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Matias ML, Reis-Machado AS, Rodrigues J, Calmeiro T, Deuermeier J, Pimentel A, Fortunato E, Martins R, Nunes D. Microwave Synthesis of Visible-Light-Activated g-C 3N 4/TiO 2 Photocatalysts. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1090. [PMID: 36985984 PMCID: PMC10057508 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of visible-light-driven photocatalysts has become highly appealing for environmental remediation through simple, fast and green chemical methods. The current study reports the synthesis and characterization of graphitic carbon nitride/titanium dioxide (g-C3N4/TiO2) heterostructures through a fast (1 h) and simple microwave-assisted approach. Different g-C3N4 amounts mixed with TiO2 (15, 30 and 45 wt. %) were investigated for the photocatalytic degradation of a recalcitrant azo dye (methyl orange (MO)) under solar simulating light. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the anatase TiO2 phase for the pure material and all heterostructures produced. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that by increasing the amount of g-C3N4 in the synthesis, large TiO2 aggregates composed of irregularly shaped particles were disintegrated and resulted in smaller ones, composing a film that covered the g-C3N4 nanosheets. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) analyses confirmed the existence of an effective interface between a g-C3N4 nanosheet and a TiO2 nanocrystal. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) evidenced no chemical alterations to both g-C3N4 and TiO2 at the heterostructure. The visible-light absorption shift was indicated by the red shift in the absorption onset through the ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption spectra. The 30 wt. % of g-C3N4/TiO2 heterostructure showed the best photocatalytic performance, with a MO dye degradation of 85% in 4 h, corresponding to an enhanced efficiency of almost 2 and 10 times greater than that of pure TiO2 and g-C3N4 nanosheets, respectively. Superoxide radical species were found to be the most active radical species in the MO photodegradation process. The creation of a type-II heterostructure is highly suggested due to the negligible participation of hydroxyl radical species in the photodegradation process. The superior photocatalytic activity was attributed to the synergy of g-C3N4 and TiO2 materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Leonor Matias
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana S. Reis-Machado
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Joana Rodrigues
- Physics Department & I3N, Aveiro University, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tomás Calmeiro
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Jonas Deuermeier
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Pimentel
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Elvira Fortunato
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Martins
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Daniela Nunes
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Lei L, Fan H, Jia Y, Wu X, Hu N, Zhong Q, Wang W. Surface-assisted synthesis of biomass carbon-decorated polymer carbon nitride for efficient visible light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 634:1014-1023. [PMID: 36577254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.12.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Template is frequently studied as a structure-directing agent to tune the nanomorphology of photocatalysts. However, the influences of template on the polymerization of precursors and compositions of the resulting samples are rarely considered. Herein, a biomass carbon-modified graphitic carbon nitride (CCNx) with a thin-layer morphology is synthesized via one-pot surface-assisted polymerization of melamine precursor on organic yeast. The formation of the hydrogen bond between melamine and yeast induces a strong interfacial confinement, giving rise to small-sized CCNx. In addition, the carbon materials derived from yeast dramatically broaden n → π* visible light harvesting, improve electron delocalization, and greatly enhance charge carrier separation. The optimized CCNx presents a much higher photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of 2704 μmol g-1h-1 under visible light irradiation (λ ≥ 420 nm), which is nearly 11-fold that of its pristine counterpart. This work realizes the synergistic effect between morphology tunning and composition tailoring by using biomass template, which shows a great potential in developing efficient metal-free photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Huiqing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Yuxin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Xiaobo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Neng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Weijia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
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46
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One-step nitrogen defect engineering of polymeric carbon nitride for visible light-driven photocatalytic O 2 reduction to H 2O 2. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 634:138-147. [PMID: 36535153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) is an important metal-free photocatalyst for visible light-driven hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production from O2 reduction. Herein, we synthesized the DPCN catalysts possessing nitrogen defects by one-step thermal polymerization of urea in N2 stream. As compared to the PCN conventionally synthesized in static air, X-ray photoelectrons spectroscopy (XPS) characterization disclosed that there are more pyridinic N defects in the DPCN catalysts, which is attributed to the removal of a proportion of NH3 released from urea pyrolysis by flowing N2. UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS), Mott-Schottky, steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) characterizations revealed that the introduction of the nitrogen defects narrows down the band gap, improves the density of the photoexcited charge carriers, prolongs the lifetime of the charge carriers, and enhances the charge transfer efficiency. In visible light-driven photocatalytic O2 reduction to H2O2, the optimal DPCN catalyst afforded an activity of 4.35 times that of the PCN catalyst and a H2O2 concentration of 2.83 mmol L-1 after 10 h of visible light irradiation. This one-step thermal polymerization approach is valid when replacing N2 stream with Ar and He streams.
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Singh S, Yadav RK, Pande P, Kim TW, Singh AP, Singh C, Baeg JO. Photocatalytic turnover number & turnover frequency of 4-HNB under solar light by ‘1’ photocatalyst with & without reducer. MAIN GROUP CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.3233/mgc-220138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
4-hydroxynitrobenzene (4-HNB) is a highly effective industrial pollutant that causes adverse effects to human beings. In this regard, detoxification of noxious water is utmost indispensable. Highly efficient metal-free photocatalytic degradation and reduction of 4-HNB with and without reducing agent still challenge. Additionally, for this role, largely expensive reagents that can create inauspicious impacts on the environment are utilized. Herein, we developed a ‘1’ photocatalyst that has the excellent ability for the H2O2-mediated degradation and reductant-free reduction of 4-HNB. The ‘1’ photocatalyst has an excellent turnover number (TON) 0.644×1020 molecules and turnover frequency (TOF) 0.0035×1020 molecules /min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyam Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, U.P., India
| | - Rajesh K. Yadav
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, U.P., India
| | - P.P. Pande
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, U.P., India
| | - Tae Wu Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Atul P. Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Chandani Singh
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin-Ook Baeg
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
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48
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Qu Z, Jing Z, Chen X, Wang Z, Ren H, Huang L. Preparation and photocatalytic performance study of dual Z-scheme Bi 2Zr 2O 7/g-C 3N 4/Ag 3PO 4 for removal of antibiotics by visible-light. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 125:349-361. [PMID: 36375920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
At present, the high re-combination rate of photogenerated carriers and the low redox capability of the photocatalyst are two factors that severely limit the improvement of photocatalytic performance. Herein, a dual Z-scheme photocatalyst bismuthzirconate/graphitic carbon nitride/silver phosphate (Bi2Zr2O7/g-C3N4/Ag3PO4 (BCA)) was synthesized using a co-precipitation method, and a dual Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalytic system was established to decrease the high re-combination rate of photogenerated carriers and consequently improve the photocatalytic performance. The re-combination of electron-hole pairs (e- and h+) in the valence band (VB) of g-C3N4 increases the redox potential of e- and h+, leading to significant improvements in the redox capability of the photocatalyst and the efficiency of e--h+ separation. As a photosensitizer, Ag3PO4 can enhance the visible light absorption capacity of the photocatalyst. The prepared photocatalyst showed strong stability, which was attributed to the efficient suppression of photo-corrosion of Ag3PO4 by transferring the e- to the VB of g-C3N4. Tetracycline was degraded efficiently by BCA-10% (the BCA with 10 wt.% of AgPO4) under visible light, and the degradation efficiency was up to 86.2%. This study experimentally suggested that the BCA photocatalyst has broad application prospects in removing antibiotic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjun Qu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Zhenyang Jing
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Zexiang Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Hongfei Ren
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Lihui Huang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Chen J, Yang J, Tian J, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Zhao K, Wang R, Yang Y, Liu Y. A pathway for promoting bioelectrochemical performance of microbial fuel cell by synthesizing graphite carbon nitride doped on single atom catalyst copper as cathode catalyst. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 372:128677. [PMID: 36706819 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a simple distributed feeding method was used to dope graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4) on single atom catalyst (SAC) copper (Cu) to form composite material (Cu-SA/CN). Cu-SA/CN was formed by mutual doping of polyhedral block Cu and irregular g-C3N4. There were obvious crystal face peaks at 28.4, 43.3, 47.3 and 56.2°. Large solid Cu and small irregular g-C3N4 were successfully combined and C, Cu, N and O elements were uniformly distributed on the surface of Cu-SA/CN. The valence bond of N-CN, C-NC, CC and OH was found. When the Cu content was 0.03 mol, Cu-SA/CN3 showed excellent redox activity. The maximum power density of Cu-SA/CN3-MFC was 456.976 mW/m2, the maximum voltage was 599 mV, which could be stable for 7 d. Cu-SA/CN3 was proved to provide more electrically active sites, strong catalytic oxygen reduction ability and conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, PR China.
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, PR China
| | - Jiarui Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, PR China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, PR China
| | - Yiqun Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, PR China
| | - Kunqi Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, PR China
| | - Renjun Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, PR China
| | - Yuewei Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, PR China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, PR China
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50
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Jing L, Xie M, Xu Y, Tong C, Song Y, Du X, Zhao H, Zhong N, Li H, Gates ID, Hu J. O-doped and nitrogen vacancies 3D C3N4 activation of peroxydisulfate for pollutants degradation and transfer hydrogenation of nitrophenols with water. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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