1
|
Reddy NR, Kumar AS, Reddy PM, Kakarla RR, Jung JH, Aminabhavi TM, Joo SW. Efficient synthesis of 3D ZnO nanostructures on ITO surfaces for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:120082. [PMID: 38232595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
New photoactive materials with uniform and well-defined morphologies were developed for efficient and sustainable photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting and hydrogen production. The investigation is focused on hydrothermal deposition of zinc oxide (ZnO) onto indium tin oxide (ITO) conductive surfaces and optimization of hydrothermal temperature for growing uniform sized 3D ZnO morphologies. Fine-tuning of hydrothermal temperature enhanced the scalability, efficiency, and performance of ZnO-decorated ITO electrodes used in PEC water splitting. Under UV light irradiation and using eco-friendly low-cost hydrothermal process in the presence of stable ZnO offered uniform 3D ZnO, which exhibited a high photocurrent of 0.6 mA/cm2 having stability up to 5 h under light-on and light-off conditions. The impact of hydrothermal temperature on the morphological properties of the deposited ZnO and its subsequent performance in PEC water splitting was investigated. The work contributes to advancement of scalable and efficient fabrication technique for developing energy converting photoactive materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Ramesh Reddy
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - A Sai Kumar
- Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - P Mohan Reddy
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Raghava Reddy Kakarla
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Jae Hak Jung
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Center for Energy and Environment, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580031, Karnataka, India; University Center for Research & Development (UCRO), Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140 413, India.
| | - Sang Woo Joo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Markhabayeva AA, Kalkozova ZK, Nemkayeva R, Yerlanuly Y, Anarova AS, Tulegenova MA, Tulegenova AT, Abdullin KA. Construction of a ZnO Heterogeneous Structure Using Co 3O 4 as a Co-Catalyst to Enhance Photoelectrochemical Performance. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 17:146. [PMID: 38203999 PMCID: PMC10779734 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Recently, heterostructured photocatalysts have gained significant attention in the field of photocatalysis due to their superior properties compared to single photocatalysts. One of the key advantages of heterostructured photocatalysts is their ability to enhance charge separation and broaden the absorption spectrum, thereby improving photocatalytic efficiency. Zinc oxide is a widely used n-type semiconductor with a proper photoelectrochemical activity. In this study, zinc oxide nanorod arrays were synthesized, and then the surfaces of ZnO nanorods were modified with the p-type semiconductor Co3O4 to create a p-n junction heterostructure. A significant increase in the photocurrent for the ZnO/Co3O4 composite, of 4.3 times, was found compared to pure ZnO. The dependence of the photocurrent on the morphology of the ZnO/Co3O4 composite allows for optimization of the morphology of the ZnO nanorod array to achieve improved photoelectrochemical performance. The results showed that the ZnO/Co3O4 heterostructure exhibited a photocurrent density of 3.46 mA/cm2, while bare ZnO demonstrated a photocurrent density of 0.8 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V. The results of this study provide a better understanding of the mechanism of charge separation and transfer in the heterostructural ZnO/Co3O4 photocatalytic system. Furthermore, the results will be useful for the design and optimization of photocatalytic systems for water splitting and other applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiymkul A. Markhabayeva
- Faculty of Physics and Technology, Al Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Avenue, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (Z.K.K.); (R.N.); (Y.Y.); (A.S.A.); (M.A.T.); (A.T.T.); (K.A.A.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Paul D, Aamir L, Yunus G, Kuddus M, Rathore D. Selectivity of an Ag/BTO-Based Nanocomposite as a Gas Sensor Between NO 2 and SO 2 Gases. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:15362-15368. [PMID: 37846757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The novel Ag/BTO/TiO2 nanocomposite was assessed for its gas-sensing capabilities toward hazardous gases NO2 and SO2. It exhibited p-type behavior with increasing resistance for SO2 with a response and recovery time of ∼5 and ∼2 s, respectively, switching to n-type behavior when exposed to NO2 with a response and recovery time of ∼20 and ∼250 s, respectively. Analyte gas concentrations from 0 to 220 ppm were taken for analysis. Selectivity analysis at room temperature revealed NO2's superior response of ∼20% above 180 ppm, compared to SO2's < 3% response at 180 ppm. NO2(VC) achieved its highest response (∼45%) at 30 ppm and remained constant above 80 ppm, while SO2(VC) peaked at ∼30% at 60 ppm but declined with increasing flow rates. Further, the increasing temperature led to an amplified response for NO2, whereas SO2 showed an increase in response after 180 °C. SO2(VC) exhibited a significant response of ∼70% from 140 °C onward. Additionally, NO2(VC) showed distinct peaks at 160, 250, and 290 °C with responses of 50, 65, and 80%, respectively. The calculated limit of detection values were 236 ppm for NO2, 644.07 ppm for SO2, 401.32 ppm for NO2(VC), and 496.86 ppm for SO2(VC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipanjan Paul
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, Rajasthan, India
| | - Lubna Aamir
- Department of Physics, College of Science for Girls, Aja Campus, University of Hail, P.O. Box No. 2440, 8145 Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazala Yunus
- Department of Basic Science, College of Preparatory Year, University of Hail, P.O. Box No. 2440, 8145 Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Kuddus
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, P.O. Box No. 2440, 8145 Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deepshikha Rathore
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, Rajasthan, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cifre-Herrando M, Roselló-Márquez G, Navarro-Gázquez PJ, Muñoz-Portero MJ, Blasco-Tamarit E, García-Antón J. Characterization and Comparison of WO 3/WO 3-MoO 3 and TiO 2/TiO 2-ZnO Nanostructures for Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation of the Pesticide Imazalil. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2584. [PMID: 37764613 PMCID: PMC10535956 DOI: 10.3390/nano13182584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Tungsten oxide (WO3) and zinc oxide (ZnO) are n-type semiconductors with numerous applications in photocatalysis. The objective of this study was to synthesize and characterize different types of nanostructures (WO3, WO3-Mo, TiO2, and TiO2-ZnO) for a comparison of hybrid and pure nanostructures to use them as a photoanodes for photoelectrocatalytic degradation of emerging contaminants. With the aim of comparing the properties of both samples, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and confocal laser-Raman spectroscopy were used to study the morphology, composition, and crystallinity, respectively. Electrochemical impedances, Mott-Schottky, and water splitting measurements were performed to compare the photoelectrochemical properties of photoanodes. Finally, the photoelectrocatalytic degradation of the pesticide Imazalil was carried out with the best optimized nanostructure (TiO2-ZnO).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Cifre-Herrando
- Ingeniería Electroquímica y Corrosión (IEC), Instituto Universitario de Seguridad Industrial, Radiofísica y Medioambiental (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Gemma Roselló-Márquez
- Ingeniería Electroquímica y Corrosión (IEC), Instituto Universitario de Seguridad Industrial, Radiofísica y Medioambiental (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Pedro José Navarro-Gázquez
- Ingeniería Electroquímica y Corrosión (IEC), Instituto Universitario de Seguridad Industrial, Radiofísica y Medioambiental (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - María José Muñoz-Portero
- Ingeniería Electroquímica y Corrosión (IEC), Instituto Universitario de Seguridad Industrial, Radiofísica y Medioambiental (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Encarnación Blasco-Tamarit
- Ingeniería Electroquímica y Corrosión (IEC), Instituto Universitario de Seguridad Industrial, Radiofísica y Medioambiental (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - José García-Antón
- Ingeniería Electroquímica y Corrosión (IEC), Instituto Universitario de Seguridad Industrial, Radiofísica y Medioambiental (ISIRYM), Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Paul D, Aamir L, Aslam A, Rathore D. p-/n-Type Switching in the Ag/BTO/TiO 2 Nanocomposite as a Gas Sensor toward Ethanol, Liquefied Petroleum Gas, and Ammonia. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:11879-11887. [PMID: 37562969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel Ag/BTO/TiO2 nanocomposite was prepared using chemical reduction and sol-gel techniques followed by sintering at ∼950 °C to grow rutile TiO2 and remove organic materials and hydroxyl groups. The structural, optical, morphological, dielectric, and gas-sensing properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and inductance, capacitance, and resistance meter, respectively. The surface plasmon resonance peak of Ag was observed at 428 nm, and the absorption edge of the Ag/BTO/TiO2 nanocomposite was observed at 235 nm, with an energy bandgap of 5.42 eV. The dielectric constant is lower at 25 °C and becomes highest at 350 °C and low frequency. The percentage response is better toward ammonia than ethanol and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) at 25 °C, while it is greater, ∼87%, for LPG at a higher temperature. The p-/n-type switching and vice versa were recorded in the whole gas-sensing measurement. During response-recovery time, the device performed as n type for ethanol and ammonia and p type for LPG, with a very fast response time of ∼4 s for all gases. The recovery time for ethanol was achieved at 20-25 s, while for LPG and ammonia, it was ∼60 s. Moreover, the negative and positive activation energies also confirm the switching behavior in the novel Ag/BTO/TiO2 nanocomposite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipanjan Paul
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303002, India
| | - Lubna Aamir
- Department of Physics, College of Science for Girls, Aja Campus, University of Ha'il, Post Office Box 2440, Ha'il 8145, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afia Aslam
- Department of Physics, College of Science for Girls, Aja Campus, University of Ha'il, Post Office Box 2440, Ha'il 8145, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deepshikha Rathore
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303002, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zelekew OA, Haitosa HH, Chen X, Wu YN. Recent progress on plant extract-mediated biosynthesis of ZnO-based nanocatalysts for environmental remediation: Challenges and future outlooks. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 317:102931. [PMID: 37267679 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The plant extract mediated green synthesis of nanomaterials has attracts enormous interest due to its cost-effectiveness, greener, and environmentally friendly. It is also considered as an alternative and facile method in which the phytochemicals can be used as a natural capping and reducing agents and helped to produce nanomaterials with high surface area, different sizes, and shapes. One of the materials fabricated using green methods is zinc oxide (ZnO) semiconductor due to its enormous applications in different field areas. In this review, an overview of recent progress on green synthesized ZnO-based catalysts and various modification methods for the purpose of enhancing the catalytic activity of ZnO and the corresponding structural-activity and interactions towards the removal of pollutants are highlighted. Particularly, the plant extract mediated ZnO-based photocatalysts application for the removal of pollutants via photocatalytic degradation, reduction reaction, and adsorption mechanism are demonstrated. Besides, the opportunities, challenges, and future outlooks of ZnO-based materials for environmental remediation with green and sustainable methods are also included. We believe that this review is a timely and comprehensive review on the recent progress related to plant extract mediated ZnO-based nanocatalysts synthesis and applications for environmental remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osman Ahmed Zelekew
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Rd., Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Rd., Shanghai 200092, China; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Haileyesus Hatano Haitosa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yi-Nan Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Rd., Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Rd., Shanghai 200092, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sheikh A, Soni K, Brajpuriya R, Lakshmi N. Investigation of the structural and electrochemical properties of a ZnO–SnO 2 composite and its electrical properties for application in dye-sensitized solar cells. NEW J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d3nj00573a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
This study compares photovoltaic and electrochemical properties of nano sized ZnO–SnO2 composite as photoanode material made by a simple but effective mechanical mixing method with Ru N719 dye for energy harvesting applications in DSSCs.
Collapse
|
8
|
Meng FJ, Xin RF, Li SX. Metal Oxide Heterostructures for Improving Gas Sensing Properties: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:263. [PMID: 36614603 PMCID: PMC9821827 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors are widely used to detect toxic and inflammable gases in industrial production and daily life. The main research hotspot in this field is the synthesis of gas sensing materials. Previous studies have shown that incorporating two or more metal oxides to form a heterojunction interface can exhibit superior gas sensing performance in response and selectivity compared with single phase. This review focuses on mainly the synthesis methods and gas sensing mechanisms of metal oxide heterostructures. A significant number of heterostructures with different morphologies and shapes have been fabricated, which exhibit specific sensing performance toward a specific target gas. Among these synthesis methods, the hydrothermal method is noteworthy due to the fabrication of diverse structures, such as nanorod-like, nanoflower-like, and hollow sphere structures with enhanced sensing properties. In addition, it should be noted that the combination of different synthesis methods is also an efficient way to obtain metal oxide heterostructures with novel morphologies. Despite advanced methods in the metal oxide semiconductors and nanotechnology field, there are still some new issues which deserve further investigation, such as long-term chemical stability of sensing materials, reproducibility of the fabrication process, and selectivity toward homogeneous gases. Moreover, the gas sensing mechanism of metal oxide heterostructures is controversial. It should be clarified so as to further integrate laboratory theory research with practical exploitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Jian Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Rui-Feng Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shan-Xin Li
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Meng Y, Zhao Q, Liu Z. The Dual-Function of GSH for Enhancing the CdS PEC Performance via Constructing Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Heterojunction and Organic Cocatalyst. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-022-04180-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
10
|
Zhao Q, Hao Z, Meng Y, Liu Z. The synergistic effect of surface and bulk O vacancies in a WO 3 photoanode to advance carrier separation and light harvesting for photoelectrochemical water splitting. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:6454-6463. [PMID: 35389417 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00383j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
It is critical to fabricate a photoanode with the virtues of high carrier separation efficiency and light harvesting to reduce the recombination of carriers and enhance the utilization of solar energy in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. In this work, WO3 nanoflake photoanodes with surface and bulk O vacancies (D-WO3-x) were fabricated via a hydrothermal method and H2WO4 etching to reveal the respective roles and collaborative effect of O vacancies in the surface and bulk. The surface O vacancies leave abundant active sites to reduce the redox barrier. Furthermore, the bulk O vacancies act as electron trap centers for heightening carrier separation efficiency. More importantly, the surface and bulk O vacancies in D-WO3-x reduce the band gap so that the resistance to electron jumping is reduced and light harvesting is increased. As expected, the photocurrent density of D-WO3-x is 0.98 mA cm-2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE, which is 5 times that of pristine WO3. Moreover, the carrier separation efficiencies in the surface and bulk are 2.38 and 2.26 times that of WO3. This work provides a promising method for the development of high-performance photoanodes via introducing surface and bulk O vacancies in semiconductors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quanyou Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, 300384, Tianjin, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Building Green Functional Materials, 300384, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhichao Hao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, 300384, Tianjin, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Building Green Functional Materials, 300384, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Meng
- Department of Life Science and Health, School of Science and Engineering, Huzhou College, 313000, Huzhou, China.
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, 300384, Tianjin, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Building Green Functional Materials, 300384, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu C, Chen L, Su X, Chen S, Zhang J, Yang H, Pei Y. Activating a TiO 2/BiVO 4 Film for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting by Constructing a Heterojunction Interface with a Uniform Crystal Plane Orientation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:2316-2325. [PMID: 34965083 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The construction of a heterojunction has been considered one of the most effective strategies to improve the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance of photoanodes; however, most researchers only focus on the design and preparation of a novel and efficient heterojunction photoelectrode, and the investigation on the effect of the heterojunction interface structure on PEC performance is ignored. In this work, a TiO2/BiVO4 photoanode with a uniform crystal plane orientation in the heterojunction interface (TiO2-110/BiVO4-202) was prepared by an in situ transformation method. We found that the PEC activity of the TiO2/BiVO4 photoanode can be activated by constructing such a heterojunction interface. Compared with a TiO2/BiVO4 photoanode with a random crystal plane orientation prepared by a simple soaking-calcining method (S-TiO2/BiVO4, 0.04 mA/cm2 at 1.23 VRHE), the TiO2/BiVO4 photoanode prepared by the in situ transformation method (I-TiO2/BiVO4) exhibits a significantly better PEC performance, and the photocurrent density of I-TiO2/BiVO4 is about 2.2 mA/cm2 at 1.23 VRHE under visible light irradiation without a cocatalyst. This is mainly attributed to the fact that I-TiO2/BiVO4 has a faster electron transfer rate in the heterojunction interface according to the results of PEC analysis. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the BiVO4-202 surface has a higher Fermi energy level, thereby expediting the photogenerated carrier transport in the heterojunction interface. This work corroborates and strengthens the view that the heterojunction interface structure has a significant effect on the PEC performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Canjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China
- School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Linmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Su
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China
| | - Heping Yang
- Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan 411199, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Pei
- School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Solar-driven water splitting is a promising route toward clean H2 energy and the photoelectrochemical approach attracts a strong interest. The oxygen evolution reaction is widely accepted as the performance limiting stage in this technology, which emphasizes the need of innovative anode materials. Metal oxide semiconductors are relevant in this respect owing to their cost-effectiveness and broad availability. The combination of chemical vapor deposition and atomic layer deposition was implemented in this study for the synthesis of randomly oriented CNT-ZnO core-shell nanostructures forming an adhering porous coating. Relative to a directly coated ZnO on Si, the porous structure enables a high interface area with the electrolyte and a resulting 458% increase of the photocurrent density under simulated solar light irradiation. The photoelectrochemical characterization correlates this performance to the effective electrons withdrawing along the carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and the resulting decrease of the onset potential. In terms of durability, the CNT-ZnO core–shell structure features an enhanced photo-corrosion stability for 8 h under illumination and with a voltage bias.
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu R, He L, Cao M, Sun Z, Zhu R, Li Y. Flexible Temperature Sensors. Front Chem 2021; 9:539678. [PMID: 34631655 PMCID: PMC8492987 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.539678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Temperature reflects the balance between production and dissipate of heat. Flexible temperature sensors are primary sensors used for temperature monitoring. To obtain real-time and accurate information of temperature, different flexible temperature sensors are developed according to the principle of flexible resistance temperature detector (FRTC), flexible thermocouple, flexible thermistor and flexible thermochromic, showing great potential in energy conversion and storage. In order to obtain high integration and multifunction, various flexible temperature sensors are studied and optimized, including active-matrix flexible temperature sensor, self-powered flexible temperature sensor, self-healing flexible temperature sensor and self-cleaning flexible temperature sensor. This review focuses on the structure, material, fabrication and performance of flexible temperature sensors. Also, some typical applications of flexible temperature sensors are discussed and summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruping Liu
- Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, China
| | - Liang He
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meijuan Cao
- Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, China
| | - Zhicheng Sun
- Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiqi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ye Li
- Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ding Q, Xu D, Ding J, Fan W, Zhang X, Li Y, Shi W. ZIF-8 derived ZnO/TiO 2 heterostructure with rich oxygen vacancies for promoting photoelectrochemical water splitting. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 603:120-130. [PMID: 34186389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Due to the serious recombination of electron-hole and weak photoresponse ability, achieving highly efficient photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting activity for TiO2 photoelectrode has become a key issue. In this paper, we reported a new method for preparing ZnO/TiO2 photoelectrodes by electrostatic adsorption from zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) as the precursor. ZIF-8 was combined with TiO2 nanorods (NRs) through electrostatic interaction and then calcined to obtain ZnO/TiO2 heterojunction photoelectrodes with abundant oxygen vacancies (Ovac). The introduced ZnO with Ovac provides a large number of active sites which enhanced the electrical conductivity and charges separation of ZnO/TiO2 photoelectrode. The optimal photocurrent density of ZnO/TiO2 photoelectrodes at 1.23 V versus (vs.) reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) under illumination (100 mW/cm2) has reached 1.76 mA/cm2, almost 2.75 times that of the pure TiO2. Meanwhile, the incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency (IPCE) of the best photoelectrode has increased to 58.2% at 390 nm, the charge injection (ηinjection) and separation (ηseparation) efficiency have reached to 93.53% and 51.62% (1.23 V vs. RHE), respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qijia Ding
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Dongbo Xu
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Jinrui Ding
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Weiqiang Fan
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Xiaowu Zhang
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Yihuan Li
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Weidong Shi
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
ZnO nucleation into trititanate nanotubes by ALD equipment techniques, a new way to functionalize layered metal oxides. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7698. [PMID: 33833249 PMCID: PMC8032785 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86722-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, we explore the potential of atomic layer deposition (ALD) techniques for developing new semiconductor metal oxide composites. Specifically, we investigate the functionalization of multi-wall trititanate nanotubes, H2Ti3O7 NTs (sample T1) with zinc oxide employing two different ALD approaches: vapor phase metalation (VPM) using diethylzinc (Zn(C2H5)2, DEZ) as a unique ALD precursor, and multiple pulsed vapor phase infiltration (MPI) using DEZ and water as precursors. We obtained two different types of tubular H2Ti3O7 species containing ZnO in their structures. Multi-wall trititanate nanotubes with ZnO intercalated inside the tube wall sheets were the main products from the VPM infiltration (sample T2). On the other hand, MPI (sample T3) principally leads to single-wall nanotubes with a ZnO hierarchical bi-modal functionalization, thin film coating, and surface decorated with ZnO particles. The products were mainly characterized by electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. An initial evaluation of the optical characteristics of the products demonstrated that they behaved as semiconductors. The IR study revealed the role of water, endogenous and/or exogenous, in determining the structure and properties of the products. The results confirm that ALD is a versatile tool, promising for developing tailor-made semiconductor materials.
Collapse
|
16
|
Kong W, Zhang X, Guo Y, He G, Liu H, Zhang S, Yang B. TiO2@PCN core-shell nanoarrays decorated with Au nanoparticles for enhanced photoelectrochemical performance. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
17
|
Ottone C, Pugliese D, Laurenti M, Hernández S, Cauda V, Grez P, Wilson L. ZnO Materials as Effective Anodes for the Photoelectrochemical Regeneration of Enzymatically Active NAD . ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:10719-10727. [PMID: 33645209 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the study of ZnO-based anodes for the photoelectrochemical regeneration of the oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). The latter is the most important coenzyme for dehydrogenases. However, the high costs of NAD+ limit the use of such enzymes at the industrial level. The influence of the ZnO morphologies (flower-like, porous film, and nanowires), showing different surface area and crystallinity, was studied. The detection of diluted solutions (0.1 mM) of the reduced form of the coenzyme (NADH) was accomplished by the flower-like and the porous films, whereas concentrations greater than 20 mM were needed for the detection of NADH with nanowire-shaped ZnO-based electrodes. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO was reduced at increasing concentrations of NAD+ because part of the ultraviolet irradiation was absorbed by the coenzyme, reducing the photons available for the ZnO material. The higher electrochemical surface area of the flower-like film makes it suitable for the regeneration reaction. The illumination of the electrodes led to a significant increase on the NAD+ regeneration with respect to both the electrochemical oxidation in dark and the only photochemical reaction. The tests with formate dehydrogenase demonstrated that 94% of the regenerated NAD+ was enzymatically active.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carminna Ottone
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, 2340000 Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Diego Pugliese
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Laurenti
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Simelys Hernández
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Cauda
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Paula Grez
- Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Universidad 330, Curauma, 2340000 Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Lorena Wilson
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, 2340000 Valparaiso, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tao S, Wang F, Zhang J, Shi J, Guo W, Lu J. Visible‐Light‐Responsive TiO
2
/NiFe Mixed Metal Oxide‐Carbon Photocatalytic Fuel Cell with Synchronous Hydrogen Peroxide Production. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202001151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beisanhuan East Road 15, P. Box 98 Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Fengming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beisanhuan East Road 15, P. Box 98 Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Junzheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beisanhuan East Road 15, P. Box 98 Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beisanhuan East Road 15, P. Box 98 Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Wenqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beisanhuan East Road 15, P. Box 98 Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Jun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beisanhuan East Road 15, P. Box 98 Beijing 100029 P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beisanhuan East Road 15, P. Box 98 Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Biomimetic Amorphous Titania Nanoparticles as Ultrasound Responding Agents to Improve Cavitation and ROS Production for Sonodynamic Therapy. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10238479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Conventional therapies to treat cancer often exhibit low specificity, reducing the efficiency of the treatment and promoting strong side effects. To overcome these drawbacks, new ways to fight cancer cells have been developed so far focusing on nanosystems. Different action mechanisms to fight cancer cells have been explored using nanomaterials, being their remote activation one of the most promising. Photo- and sonodynamic therapies are relatively new approaches that emerged following this idea. These therapies are based on the ability of specific agents to generate highly cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) by external stimulation with light or ultrasounds (US), respectively. Crystalline (TiO2) and amorphous titania (a-TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) present a set of very interesting characteristics, such as their photo-reactivity, photo stability, and effective bactericidal properties. Their production is inexpensive and easily scalable; they are reusable and demonstrated already to be nontoxic. Therefore, these NPs have been increasingly studied as promising photo- or sonosensitizers to be applied in photodynamic/sonodynamic therapies in the future. However, they suffer from poor colloidal stability in aqueous and biological relevant media. Therefore, various organic and polymer-based coatings have been proposed. In this work, the role of a-TiO2 based NPs synthesized through a novel, room-temperature, base-catalyzed, sol-gel protocol in the generation of ROS and as an enhancer of acoustic inertial cavitation was evaluated under ultrasound irradiation. A novel biomimetic coating based on double lipidic bilayer, self-assembled on the a-TiO2-propylamine NPs, is proposed to better stabilize them in water media. The obtained results show that the biomimetic a-TiO2-propylamine NPs are promising candidates to be US responding agents, since an improvement of the cavitation effect occurs in presence of the developed NPs. Further studies will show their efficacy against cancer cells.
Collapse
|
20
|
Growth and Photocatalytic Activities of Porous ZnO/TiO2 Composite Microspheres with Crystalline–Amorphous Phase Boundary. Catal Letters 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-020-03463-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
21
|
A Selective Synthesis of TaON Nanoparticles and Their Comparative Study of Photoelectrochemical Properties. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10101128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A simplified ammonolysis method for synthesizing single phase TaON nanoparticles is presented and the resulting photoelectrochemical properties are compared and contrasted with as-synthesized Ta2O5 and Ta3N5. The protocol for partial nitridation of Ta2O5 (synthesis of TaON) offers a straightforward simplification over existing methods. Moreover, the present protocol offers extreme reproducibility and enhanced chemical safety. The morphological characterization of the as-synthesized photocatalysts indicate spherical nanoparticles with sizes 30, 40, and 30 nm Ta2O5, TaON, and Ta3N5 with the absorbance onset at ~320 nm, 580 nm, and 630 nm respectively. The photoactivity of the catalysts has been examined for the degradation of a representative cationic dye methylene blue (MB) using xenon light. Subsequent nitridation of Ta2O5 yields significant increment in the conversion (ζ: Ta2O5 < TaON < Ta3N5) mainly attributable to the defect-facilitated adsorption of MB on the catalyst surface and bandgap lowering of catalysts with Ta3N5 showing > 95% ζ for a lower (0.1 g) loading and with a lamp with lower Ultraviolet (UV) content. Improved Photoelectrochemical performance is noted after a series of chronoamperometry (J/t), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. Finally, stability experiments performed using recovered and treated photocatalyst show no loss of photoactivity, suggesting the photocatalysts can be successfully recycled.
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen J, Yang Y, Song K, Xu S, Zhang T, Hou H. Deposition of a ZnO Nanolayer on TiO
2
Nanorods Nanoarrays with Tailored Thickness towards Boosted Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production Activity. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianwu Chen
- State Grid Ningbo Power Supply Company Ningbo 315010 P. R. China
| | - Yueping Yang
- State Grid Ningbo Power Supply Company Ningbo 315010 P. R. China
| | - Kai Song
- Institute of MaterialsNingbo University of Technology Ningbo 315211 P. R. China
| | - Shang Xu
- Institute of MaterialsNingbo University of Technology Ningbo 315211 P. R. China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Institute of MaterialsNingbo University of Technology Ningbo 315211 P. R. China
| | - Huilin Hou
- Institute of MaterialsNingbo University of Technology Ningbo 315211 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang B, Yang F, Ruan X, Yang W, Liu B, Li Y. Construction of a Graphene-Wrapped Pd/SiO 2@TiO 2 Core–Shell Sphere for Enhanced Photoassisted Electrocatalytic Methanol Oxidation Property. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Xuejia Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Wang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Bei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yongfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
ZnO@TiO2 Core/Shell Nanowire Arrays with Different Thickness of TiO2 Shell for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10040325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The ZnO@TiO2 core/shell nanowire arrays with different thicknesses of the TiO2 shell were synthesized, through depositing TiO2 on the ZnO nanowire arrays using the pulsed laser deposition process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show that these core/shell nanowires were homogeneously coated with TiO2 nanoparticles with high crystallinity, appearing to be a rather rough surface compared to pure ZnO nanowires. The efficiency of ZnO@TiO2 core/shell structure-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was improved compared with pure ZnO nanowires. This is mainly attributed to the enlarged internal surface area of the core/shell structures, which increases dye adsorption on the anode to improve the light harvest. In addition, the energy barrier which formed at the interface between ZnO and TiO2 promoted the charge separation and suppressed the carrier recombination. Furthermore, the efficiency of DSSCs was further improved by increasing the thickness of the TiO2 shell. This work shows an efficient method to achieve high power conversion efficiency in core/shell nanowire-based DSSCs.
Collapse
|
25
|
Khosravi M, Mehrdadi N, Nabi Bidhendi G, Baghdadi M. Synthesis of sewage sludge-based carbon/TiO 2 /ZnO nanocomposite adsorbent for the removal of Ni(II), Cu(II), and chemical oxygen demands from aqueous solutions and industrial wastewater. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:588-603. [PMID: 31701622 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The removal of heavy metal ions and organic materials from wastewater due to their toxicity is necessary. In the present study, the titanium dioxide/zinc oxide (TiO2 /ZnO) nanocomposite has been coated on the sewage sludge carbon (SSC) surface and its application was investigated for the adsorption of Ni(II), Cu(II), and chemical oxygen demands (COD) reduction from aqueous solutions and industrial wastewaters in Eshtehard, Iran. The effect of adsorption parameters in a single system such as TiO2 /ZnO ratio, TiO2 /ZnO concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, ionic strength, temperature, and initial concentrations of Ni(II), Cu(II), and COD was investigated on the adsorption capacity of synthesized SSC/TiO2 /ZnO adsorbent. The pseudo-second order and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models were best described the kinetic and equilibrium data of Ni(II), Cu(II), and COD sorption. The maximum monolayer sorption capacities of Ni(II), Cu(II), and COD were found to be 62.3, 75.1, and 1,120.3 mg/g, respectively. The central composite design was used to investigate the interaction effects of pH and initial concentrations of Ni(II), Cu(II), and COD on the simultaneous removal of Ni(II), Cu(II), and COD from aqueous solutions in a ternary system. The potential of synthesized SSC/TiO2 /ZnO adsorbent was investigated for Ni(II), Cu(II), and COD adsorption from industrial wastewaters of Iran. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The novel sewage sludge carbon/TiO2 /ZnO adsorbent was synthesized. Adsorption of Ni(II), Cu(II), and chemical oxygen demands (COD) from industrial wastewaters was investigated. Maximum Ni(II), Cu(II), and COD sorption capacities were 62.3, 75.1, and 1,120.3 mg/g. Simultaneous removal of Ni(II), Cu(II), and COD was investigated in a ternary system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Khosravi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Mehrdadi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Nabi Bidhendi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Baghdadi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pu YC, Wang LC, Wu SN, Chang JC, Yeh CS. Aspect Ratio-Dependent Charge Carrier Dynamics in Matchstick-like Ag 2S-ZnS Nanorods for Solar Hydrogen Generation. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:2150-2157. [PMID: 32090570 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Matchstick-like Ag2S-ZnS nanorods (NRs) with a tunable aspect ratio (AR) were synthesized using one-pot thermal decomposition. The ultraviolet photoelectron spectra and time-resolved photoluminescence spectra of the Ag2S-ZnS NRs were collected to study their electronic band structures and charge carrier dynamics. The energy difference (ΔE) at the interface between the ZnS stem and Ag2S tip was altered as the AR of Ag2S-ZnS NRs increased from 11.9 to 18.4, resulting in an enlarged driving force for the delocalized electrons along the conduction band of ZnS being injected into that of Ag2S. The interfacial electron transfer rate constant (ket) from ZnS to Ag2S could be enhanced by ∼2 orders of magnitude from 5.27 × 106 to 3.24 × 108 s-1, leading to a significant improvement in the efficiency of solar hydrogen generation. This investigation provides new physical insights into the manipulation of charge carrier dynamics by means of AR adjustment in semiconductor nanoheterostructures for photoelectric conversions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chih Pu
- Department of Materials Science, National University of Tainan, Tainan 70005, Taiwan
| | - Liu-Chun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ning Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Cheng Chang
- Bachelor Program in Interdisciplinary Studies, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliu, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Sheng Yeh
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Khosravi M, Maddah AS, Mehrdadi N, Bidhendi GN, Baghdadi M. Synthesis of TiO2/ZnO electrospun nanofibers coated-sewage sludge carbon for adsorption of Ni(II), Cu(II), and COD from aqueous solutions and industrial wastewaters. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2019.1711111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Khosravi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Naser Mehrdadi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Nabi Bidhendi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Baghdadi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chikate PR, Daware KD, Patil SS, Didwal PN, Lole GS, Choudhary RJ, Gosavi SW, Devan RS. Effects of Au loading on the enhancement of photoelectrochemical activities of the Au@ZnO nano-heteroarchitecture. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00004c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The nano-heteroarchitecture of Au@ZnO evidencing the surface attachment without chemical reaction at the interface delivered enhanced PEC activities by facilitating the injection of hot electrons from the SP state into the conduction band of ZnO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parameshwar R. Chikate
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering & Materials Science
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore 453552
- India
| | - Krishna D. Daware
- Department of Physics
- Savitribai Phule Pune University
- Pune 411007
- India
| | - Santosh S. Patil
- Department of Chemistry
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Republic of Korea
| | - Pravin N. Didwal
- Department of Physics
- Savitribai Phule Pune University
- Pune 411007
- India
| | - Gaurav S. Lole
- Department of Physics
- Savitribai Phule Pune University
- Pune 411007
- India
| | | | - Suresh W. Gosavi
- Department of Physics
- Savitribai Phule Pune University
- Pune 411007
- India
| | - Rupesh S. Devan
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering & Materials Science
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore 453552
- India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cai L, Du Y, Guan X, Shen S. CdS nanocrystallites sensitized ZnO nanorods with plasmon enhanced photoelectrochemical performance. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
30
|
Panžić I, Juraić K, Krstulović N, Šantić A, Belić D, Blažeka D, Plodinec M, Mandić V, Macan J, Hammud A, Ivanov D, Plaisier J, Willinger MG, Gracin D, Gajović A. ZnO@TiO 2 Core Shell Nanorod Arrays with Tailored Structural, Electrical, and Optical Properties for Photovoltaic Application. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213965. [PMID: 31683868 PMCID: PMC6864808 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
ZnO has prominent electron transport and optical properties, beneficial for photovoltaic application, but its surface is prone to the formation of defects. To overcome this problem, we deposited nanostructured TiO2 thin film on ZnO nanorods to form a stable shell. ZnO nanorods synthesized by wet-chemistry are single crystals. Three different procedures for deposition of TiO2 were applied. The influence of preparation methods and parameters on the structure, morphology, electrical and optical properties were studied. Nanostructured TiO2 shells show different morphologies dependent on deposition methods: (1) separated nanoparticles (by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) in Ar), (2) a layer with nonhomogeneous thickness (by PLD in vacuum or DC reactive magnetron sputtering), and (3) a homogenous thin layer along the nanorods (by chemical deposition). Based on the structural study, we chose the preparation parameters to obtain an anatase structure of the TiO2 shell. Impedance spectroscopy shows pure electron conductivity that was considerably better in all the ZnO@TiO2 than in bare ZnO nanorods or TiO2 layers. The best conductivity among the studied samples and the lowest activation energy was observed for the sample with a chemically deposited TiO2 shell. Higher transparency in the visible part of spectrum was achieved for the sample with a homogenous TiO2 layer along the nanorods, then in the samples with a layer of varying thickness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Panžić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Krunoslav Juraić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Nikša Krstulović
- Institute of Physics, Bijenička cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ana Šantić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Domagoj Belić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Damjan Blažeka
- Institute of Physics, Bijenička cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Milivoj Plodinec
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Vilko Mandić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Jelena Macan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Adnan Hammud
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Danail Ivanov
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jasper Plaisier
- Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34012 Basovizza (TS), Italy.
| | - Marc Gregor Willinger
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
- ETH Zürich, Auguste-Piccard-Hof 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Davor Gracin
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Andreja Gajović
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Current progress in developing metal oxide nanoarrays-based photoanodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2019; 64:1348-1380. [PMID: 36659664 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2019.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Solar energy driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a clean and powerful approach for renewable hydrogen production. The design and construction of metal oxide based nanoarray photoanodes is one of the promising strategies to make the continuous breakthroughs in solar to hydrogen conversion efficiency of PEC cells owing to their owned several advantages including enhanced reactive surface at the electrode/electrolyte interface, improved light absorption capability, increased charge separation efficiency and direct electron transport pathways. In this Review, we first introduce the structure, work principle and their relevant efficiency calculations of a PEC cell. We then give a summary of the state-of the-art research in the preparation strategies and growth mechanism for the metal oxide based nanoarrays, and some details about the performances of metal oxide based nanoarray photoanodes for PEC water splitting. Finally, we discuss key aspects which should be addressed in continued work on realizing high-efficiency metal oxide based nanoarray photoanodes for PEC solar water splitting systems.
Collapse
|
32
|
Liu X, Tang J, Song B, Zhen M, Wang L, Giesy JP. Exposure to Al2O3 nanoparticles facilitates conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance genes from Escherichia coli to Streptomyces. Nanotoxicology 2019; 13:1422-1436. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2019.1669731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, China
| | - Benru Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meinan Zhen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lan Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - John P. Giesy
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gasparotto A, Maccato C, Carraro G, Sada C, Štangar UL, Alessi B, Rocks C, Mariotti D, La Porta A, Altantzis T, Barreca D. Surface Functionalization of Grown-on-Tip ZnO Nanopyramids: From Fabrication to Light-Triggered Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:15881-15890. [PMID: 30998315 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b22744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report on a combined chemical vapor deposition (CVD)/radio frequency (RF) sputtering synthetic strategy for the controlled surface modification of ZnO nanostructures by Ti-containing species. Specifically, the proposed approach consists in the CVD of grown-on-tip ZnO nanopyramids, followed by titanium RF sputtering under mild conditions. The results obtained by a thorough characterization demonstrate the successful ZnO surface functionalization with dispersed Ti-containing species in low amounts. This phenomenon, in turn, yields a remarkable enhancement of photoactivated superhydrophilic behavior, self-cleaning ability, and photocatalytic performances in comparison to bare ZnO. The reasons accounting for such an improvement are unravelled by a multitechnique analysis, elucidating the interplay between material chemico-physical properties and the corresponding functional behavior. Overall, the proposed strategy stands as an amenable tool for the mastering of semiconductor-based functional nanoarchitectures through ad hoc engineering of the system surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Urška Lavrenčič Štangar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology , University of Ljubljana , 1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia
- Laboratory for Environmental and Life Sciences , University of Nova Gorica , 5000 Nova Gorica , Slovenia
| | - Bruno Alessi
- Nanotechnology & Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC) , Ulster University , Newtownabbey BT37 0QB , U.K
| | - Conor Rocks
- Nanotechnology & Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC) , Ulster University , Newtownabbey BT37 0QB , U.K
| | - Davide Mariotti
- Nanotechnology & Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC) , Ulster University , Newtownabbey BT37 0QB , U.K
| | | | | | - Davide Barreca
- CNR-ICMATE and INSTM, Department of Chemical Sciences , Padova University , 35131 Padova , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lops C, Ancona A, Di Cesare K, Dumontel B, Garino N, Canavese G, Hérnandez S, Cauda V. Sonophotocatalytic degradation mechanisms of Rhodamine B dye via radicals generation by micro- and nano-particles of ZnO. APPLIED CATALYSIS. B, ENVIRONMENTAL 2019; 243:629-640. [PMID: 30886458 PMCID: PMC6420045 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2018.10.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, it is proposed an environmental friendly sonophotocatalytic approach to efficiently treat polluted waters from industrial dyes exploiting ZnO micro- and nano-materials. For the first time, we deeply investigated the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under ultrasound stimulation of different ZnO structures by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (EPR). Indeed, five zinc oxide (ZnO) micro- and nano-structures, i.e. Desert Roses (DRs), Multipods (MPs), Microwires (MWs), Nanoparticles (NPs) and Nanowires (NWs), were studied for the Rhodamine B (RhB) sonodegradation under ultrasonic irradiation. The DRs microparticles demonstrated the best sonocatalytic performance (100% degradation of RhB in 180 min) and the highest OH· radicals generation under ultrasonic irradiation. Strikingly, the coupling of ultrasound and sun-light irradiation in a sonophotodegradation approach led to 100% degradation efficiency, i.e. color reduction, of RhB in just 10 min, revealing a great positive synergy between the photocatalytic and sonocatalytic mechanisms. The RhB sonophotocatalytic degradation was also evaluated at different initial dye concentrations and with the presence of anions in solution. It was demonstrated a good stability over repeated cycles of dye treatment, which probe the applicability of this technique with industrial effluents. In conclusion, sonophotocatalytic degradation synergizing sunlight and ultrasound in the presence of DRs microparticles shows a great potential and a starting point to investigate further the efficient treatment of organic dyes in wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Lops
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Ancona
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Katia Di Cesare
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Bianca Dumontel
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Nadia Garino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Center for Sustainable Future Technologies – CSFT@POLITO, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Corso Trento 21, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Canavese
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Simelys Hérnandez
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Center for Sustainable Future Technologies – CSFT@POLITO, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Corso Trento 21, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Cauda
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Adsorption of heavy metal ions by mesoporous ZnO and TiO2@ZnO monoliths: Adsorption and kinetic studies. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
36
|
In-situ synthesis of mixed phase electrospun TiO2 nanofibers: a novel visible light photocatalyst. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0261-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
|
37
|
Garino N, Limongi T, Dumontel B, Canta M, Racca L, Laurenti M, Castellino M, Casu A, Falqui A, Cauda V. A Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanocrystals Finely Tuned for Biological Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9020212. [PMID: 30736299 PMCID: PMC6410313 DOI: 10.3390/nano9020212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report a novel, easy, fast and reliable microwave-assisted synthesis procedure for the preparation of colloidal zinc oxide nanocrystals (ZnO NCs) optimized for biological applications. ZnO NCs are also prepared by a conventional solvo-thermal approach and the properties of the two families of NCs are compared and discussed. All of the NCs are fully characterized in terms of morphological analysis, crystalline structure, chemical composition and optical properties, both as pristine nanomaterials or after amino-propyl group functionalization. Compared to the conventional approach, the novel microwave-derived ZnO NCs demonstrate outstanding colloidal stability in ethanol and water with long shelf-life. Furthermore, together with their more uniform size, shape and chemical surface properties, this long-term colloidal stability also contributes to the highly reproducible data in terms of biocompatibility. Actually, a significantly different biological behavior of the microwave-synthesized ZnO NCs is reported with respect to NCs prepared by the conventional synthesis procedure. In particular, consistent cytotoxicity and highly reproducible cell uptake toward KB cancer cells are measured with the use of microwave-synthesized ZnO NCs, in contrast to the non-reproducible and scattered data obtained with the conventionally-synthesized ones. Thus, we demonstrate how the synthetic route and, as a consequence, the control over all the nanomaterial properties are prominent points to be considered when dealing with the biological world for the achievement of reproducible and reliable results, and how the use of commercially-available and under-characterized nanomaterials should be discouraged in this view.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Garino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Sustainable Future Technologies, Via Livorno 60, 10144 Torino, Italy.
| | - Tania Limongi
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
| | - Bianca Dumontel
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
| | - Marta Canta
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
| | - Luisa Racca
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
| | - Marco Laurenti
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
| | - Micaela Castellino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
| | - Alberto Casu
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Engineering (BESE) Division, NABLA Lab, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Andrea Falqui
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Engineering (BESE) Division, NABLA Lab, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Valentina Cauda
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ghobadi A, Ghobadi TGU, Karadas F, Ozbay E. Angstrom Thick ZnO Passivation Layer to Improve the Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Performance of a TiO 2 Nanowire Photoanode: The Role of Deposition Temperature. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16322. [PMID: 30397219 PMCID: PMC6218493 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34248-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate that angstrom thick single atomic layer deposited (ALD) ZnO passivation can significantly improve the photoelectrochemical (PEC) activity of hydrothermally grown TiO2 NWs. It is found that this ultrathin ZnO coating can passivate the TiO2 surface defect states without hampering the carrier's transfer dynamics. Moreover, a substantial improvement can be acquired by changing the deposition temperature of the ZnO layer (80 °C, and 250 °C) and named as 80 °C TiO2-ZnO, and 250 °C TiO2-ZnO. It was found that the deposition of this single layer in lower temperatures can lead to higher PEC activity compared to that deposited in higher ones. As a result of our PEC characterizations, it is proved that photoconversion efficiency of bare TiO2 NWs can be improved by a factor of 1.5 upon coating it with a single ZnO layer at 80 °C. Moreover, considering the fact that this layer is a passivating coating rather than a continuous layer, it also keeps the PEC stability of the design while this feature cannot be obtained in a thick shell layer case. This paper proposes a bottom up approach to control the electron transfer dynamics in a heterojunction design and it can be applied to other metal oxide combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ghobadi
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.,NANOTAM - Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.,Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Turkan Gamze Ulusoy Ghobadi
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.,Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.,Department of Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, 06830, Turkey
| | - Ferdi Karadas
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey. .,Department of Chemistry, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.
| | - Ekmel Ozbay
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey. .,NANOTAM - Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey. .,Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey. .,Department of Physics, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zappa D, Galstyan V, Kaur N, Munasinghe Arachchige HMM, Sisman O, Comini E. "Metal oxide -based heterostructures for gas sensors"- A review. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1039:1-23. [PMID: 30322540 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the synthesis and chemical sensing characterization of metal oxide heterostructures reported since 2012. Heterostructures exhibit strong interactions between closely packed interfaces, showing superior performances compared to single structures. Surface effects appear thanks to the magnification of nanostructures' surface leading to an enhancement of surface related properties (the base of chemical sensors working mechanism). The combination of different metal oxides to form heterostructures further improves the selectivity and/or other important sensing parameters. A very large number of different morphologies and structures have been proposed, each one exhibiting peculiar sensing properties towards specific chemical compounds. Among the different preparation methodologies, a significant number has been performed by means of hydrothermal method. However, the combination of various fabrication methods seems a very efficient strategy to obtain metal oxide-based heterostructures with different morphologies and dimensions such as core-shell nanostructures, one-dimensional heterostructures, two-dimensional layered heterojunctions, and three-dimensional hierarchical heterostructures. Despite all extraordinary advances in both material science and nanotechnology and the results achieved with heterostructured chemical sensors, there are few points that still deserve further studies and investigations, such as possible diffusion across the junctions, reproducibility of the fabrication process, synergistic or catalytic effects among the materials forming the heterostructures and influence/stability of the contacts. Moreover, perfect control over their growth is mandatory for their application in commercial devices. Only a careful understanding of the growth and the interface properties could fill the existing gap between laboratory studies and real-world exploitation of these heterostructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Zappa
- SENSOR Laboratory, Dept. of Information Engineering (DII), Università degli Studi di Brescia, Via Valotti 7, 25123, Italy
| | - Vardan Galstyan
- SENSOR Laboratory, Dept. of Information Engineering (DII), Università degli Studi di Brescia, Via Valotti 7, 25123, Italy
| | - Navpreet Kaur
- SENSOR Laboratory, Dept. of Information Engineering (DII), Università degli Studi di Brescia, Via Valotti 7, 25123, Italy
| | | | - Orhan Sisman
- SENSOR Laboratory, Dept. of Information Engineering (DII), Università degli Studi di Brescia, Via Valotti 7, 25123, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Comini
- SENSOR Laboratory, Dept. of Information Engineering (DII), Università degli Studi di Brescia, Via Valotti 7, 25123, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abbasi M, Rafique U, Murtaza G, Ashraf MA. Synthesis, characterisation and photocatalytic performance of ZnS coupled Ag2S nanoparticles: A remediation model for environmental pollutants. ARAB J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
41
|
Han B, Wang J, Yan C, Dong Y, Xu Y, Nie R, Jing H. The photoelectrocatalytic CO2 reduction on TiO2@ZnO heterojunction by tuning the conduction band potential. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.07.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
42
|
Vasilaki E, Vamvakaki M, Katsarakis N. Complex ZnO-TiO 2 Core-Shell Flower-Like Architectures with Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance and Superhydrophilicity without UV Irradiation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:9122-9132. [PMID: 30021443 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ZnO-TiO2 core-shell photocatalysts of a complex flower-like architecture were synthesized, using a well-controlled sol-gel coating reaction of presynthesized ZnO flower-like structures. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning and transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance UV-vis and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements, and photoluminescence measurements. Well-defined, core-shell flowers with a wurtzite ZnO core and anatase TiO2 shells, with variable shell thickness, were acquired by appropriately adjusting the ZnO/Ti precursor mass feed ratio in the reaction. Moreover, hollow TiO2 flowers were obtained, and they retained their morphology following the etching of the ZnO core in an acidic solution. The photocatalytic performance of the core-shell and hollow semiconductors was evaluated via the decoloration of a methylene blue dye solution under UV-vis irradiation. The core-shell flowers exhibited a higher decoloration rate, when compared with bare ZnO flowers, TiO2 particles, and hollow TiO2 flowers, and the photoactivity was dependent on the TiO2 shell thickness. This was attributed to the efficient separation of the photogenerated holes and electrons at the ZnO-TiO2 interface. Moreover, the most photoactive core-shell catalyst exhibited excellent reusability and stability for at least three photocatalytic cycles and excellent superhydrophilicity without UV irradiation, which is due to the increased roughness of the flower-like structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Vasilaki
- Department of Chemistry , University of Crete 710 03 Heraklion , Crete , Greece
- Center of Materials Technology and Photonics, School of Applied Technology , Technological Educational Institute of Crete , 710 04 Heraklion , Crete , Greece
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser , Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas , 711 10 Heraklion , Crete , Greece
| | - Maria Vamvakaki
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser , Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas , 711 10 Heraklion , Crete , Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology , University of Crete , 710 03 Heraklion , Crete , Greece
| | - Nikos Katsarakis
- Center of Materials Technology and Photonics, School of Applied Technology , Technological Educational Institute of Crete , 710 04 Heraklion , Crete , Greece
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser , Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas , 711 10 Heraklion , Crete , Greece
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Singh AK, Sarkar D. A facile approach for preparing densely-packed individual p-NiO/n-Fe 2O 3 heterojunction nanowires for photoelectrochemical water splitting. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:13130-13139. [PMID: 29963674 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02508h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Innovative design of electrode materials is crucial for efficient conversion of solar energy into chemical fuel through photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. Herein, we report the development of a p-n heterojunction nanowire (NW) based photoanode made of low cost earth-abundant materials. Densely-packed and freestanding individual p-NiO/n-Fe2O3 heterojunction NWs are fabricated through consecutive electrodeposition of Fe and Ni NWs inside the pores of the anodic alumina template followed by controlled oxidation. Heterojunction formation in individual NWs is confirmed through energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), along with elemental mapping on individual NWs through electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). An inverted 'V' shape nature of the Mott-Schottky curve suggests p-n diode like characteristics of the heterojunction NWs. These p-n heterojunction NWs demonstrate a significantly enhanced photocurrent density (∼24 times at a potential of 1.23 V vs. RHE) and a cathodic shift (∼0.4 V) of the photocurrent onset potential compared to the pristine Fe2O3 NW electrode, which can be attributed to the synergistic combination of n-Fe2O3 with the co-catalyst p-NiO facilitating the generation and transfer of photogenerated holes into the electrolyte for water oxidation. This study validates the feasibility of developing Fe2O3 based heterojunction photoelectrodes for efficient PEC water splitting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh K Singh
- Large Area Device Laboratory, Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Jalahalli, Bengaluru-560013, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Manikandan VS, Palai AK, Mohanty S, Nayak SK. Eosin-Y sensitized core-shell TiO 2-ZnO nano-structured photoanodes for dye-sensitized solar cell applications. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 183:397-404. [PMID: 29778020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the current investigation, TiO2 and TiO2-ZnO (core-shell) spherical nanoparticles were synthesized by simple combined hydrolysis and refluxing method. A TiO2 core nanomaterial on the shell material of ZnO was synthesized by utilizing variable ratios of ZnO. The structural characterization of TiO2-ZnO core/shell nanoparticles were done by XRD analysis. The spherical structured morphology of the TiO2-ZnO has been confirmed through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies. The UV-visible spectra of TiO2-ZnO nanostructures were also compared with the pristine TiO2 to investigate the shift of wavelength. The TiO2-ZnO core/shell nanoparticles at the interface efficiently collect the photogenarated electrons from ZnO and also ZnO act a barrier for reduced charge recombination of electrolyte and dye-nanoparticles interface. This combination improved the light absorption which induced the charge transfer ability and dye loading capacity of core-shell nanoparticles. An enhancement in the short circuit current (Jsc) from 1.67 mA/cm2 to 2.1 mA/cm2 has been observed for TiO2-ZnObased photoanode (with platinum free counter electrode), promises an improvement in the energy conversion efficiency by 57% in comparison with that of the DSSCs based on the pristine TiO2. Henceforth, TiO2-ZnO photoelectrode in ZnO will effectively act as barrier at the interface of TiO2-ZnO and TiO2, ensuring the potential for DSSC application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V S Manikandan
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and Technology (CIPET), B-25, CNI complex, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India..
| | - Akshaya K Palai
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and Technology (CIPET), B-25, CNI complex, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Smita Mohanty
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and Technology (CIPET), B-25, CNI complex, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Sanjay K Nayak
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM), Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and Technology (CIPET), B-25, CNI complex, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Liao Y, Zhang K, Wang X, Zhang D, Li Y, Su H, Zhang H, Zhong Z. Preparation of ZnO@TiO 2 nanotubes heterostructured film by thermal decomposition and their photocatalytic performances. RSC Adv 2018; 8:8064-8070. [PMID: 35542018 PMCID: PMC9078507 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13222k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) arrays prepared by anodic oxidation were modified with ZnO particles and their morphology and photocatalytic properties were investigated. A simple thermal decomposition process was involved in the modification method. Zinc acetate solution was filled into the TiO2 NTs arrays, and ZnO@TiO2 heterojunction films were formed after the thermal treatment. The morphology and catalytic properties of the heterojunction films could be manipulated by the concentration of zinc acetate solution. Compared to TiO2 NTs arrays, the ZnO@TiO2 heterojunction films with an optimized concentration of zinc acetate showed enhanced catalytic performances. Their photocatalytic activities were discussed with respect to the formation of ZnO@TiO2 heterojunctions and enforced charge separation. This study demonstrates a simple method to prepare ZnO nanoparticles@TiO2 NT heterojunction films, which is promising for other environmental and energy related applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China +86-028-83202556 +86-028-83201440
- Center for Applied Chemistry, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China
| | - Kaibin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China +86-028-83202556 +86-028-83201440
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China +86-028-83202556 +86-028-83201440
| | - Dainan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China +86-028-83202556 +86-028-83201440
| | - Yuanxun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China +86-028-83202556 +86-028-83201440
| | - Hua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China +86-028-83202556 +86-028-83201440
| | - Huaiwu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China +86-028-83202556 +86-028-83201440
| | - Zhiyong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China +86-028-83202556 +86-028-83201440
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ghobadi TGU, Ghobadi A, Ozbay E, Karadas F. Strategies for Plasmonic Hot-Electron-Driven Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201700165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Turkan Gamze Ulusoy Ghobadi
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center; Bilkent University; Ankara 06800 Turkey
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology; Bilkent University; Ankara 06800 Turkey
- Department of Energy Engineering; Faculty of Engineering; Ankara University; Ankara 06830 Turkey
| | - Amir Ghobadi
- NANOTAM- Nanotechnology Research Center; Bilkent University; Ankara 06800 Turkey
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering; Bilkent University; Ankara 06800 Turkey
| | - Ekmel Ozbay
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center; Bilkent University; Ankara 06800 Turkey
- NANOTAM- Nanotechnology Research Center; Bilkent University; Ankara 06800 Turkey
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering; Bilkent University; Ankara 06800 Turkey
- Department of Physics; Bilkent University; Ankara 06800 Turkey
| | - Ferdi Karadas
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center; Bilkent University; Ankara 06800 Turkey
- Department of Chemistry; Bilkent University; Ankara 06800 Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Photocatalytic degradation of 1,2-dichlorobenzene using immobilized TiO 2 /SnO 2 /WO 3 photocatalyst under visible light: Application of response surface methodology. ARAB J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
48
|
Trung TN, Seo DB, Quang ND, Kim D, Kim ET. Enhanced photoelectrochemical activity in the heterostructure of vertically aligned few-layer MoS2 flakes on ZnO. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.11.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
49
|
Bera S, Ghosh S, Basu RN. Fabrication of Bi2S3/ZnO heterostructures: an excellent photocatalyst for visible-light-driven hydrogen generation and photoelectrochemical properties. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03424e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bi2S3/ZnO heterostructures were synthesized, showing a high catalytic effect in photocatalytic hydrogen generation and organic dye degradation under visible light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Bera
- CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute
- Kolkata – 700032
- India
| | - Srabanti Ghosh
- CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute
- Kolkata – 700032
- India
| | - Rajendra N. Basu
- CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute
- Kolkata – 700032
- India
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Laurenti M, Cauda V. ZnO Nanostructures for Tissue Engineering Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 7:E374. [PMID: 29113133 PMCID: PMC5707591 DOI: 10.3390/nano7110374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the most recent applications of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures for tissue engineering. ZnO is one of the most investigated metal oxides, thanks to its multifunctional properties coupled with the ease of preparing various morphologies, such as nanowires, nanorods, and nanoparticles. Most ZnO applications are based on its semiconducting, catalytic and piezoelectric properties. However, several works have highlighted that ZnO nanostructures may successfully promote the growth, proliferation and differentiation of several cell lines, in combination with the rise of promising antibacterial activities. In particular, osteogenesis and angiogenesis have been effectively demonstrated in numerous cases. Such peculiarities have been observed both for pure nanostructured ZnO scaffolds as well as for three-dimensional ZnO-based hybrid composite scaffolds, fabricated by additive manufacturing technologies. Therefore, all these findings suggest that ZnO nanostructures represent a powerful tool in promoting the acceleration of diverse biological processes, finally leading to the formation of new living tissue useful for organ repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Laurenti
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
| | - Valentina Cauda
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|