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Buchheit R, Niebuur BJ, González-García L, Kraus T. Surface polarization, field homogeneity, and dielectric breakdown in ordered and disordered nanodielectrics based on gold-polystyrene superlattices. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:7526-7536. [PMID: 37022092 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01038d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid dielectrics were prepared from dispersions of nanoparticles with gold cores (diameters from 2.9 nm to 8.2 nm) and covalently bound thiol-terminated polystyrene shells (5000 Da and 11 000 Da) in toluene. Their microstructure was investigated with small angle X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The particles arranged in nanodielectric layers with either face-centered cubic or random packing, depending on the ligand length and core diameter. Thin film capacitors were prepared by spin-coating inks on silicon substrates, contacted with sputtered aluminum electrodes, and characterized with impedance spectroscopy between 1 Hz and 1 MHz. The dielectric constants were dominated by polarization at the gold-polystyrene interfaces that we could precisely tune via the core diameter. There was no difference in the dielectric constant between random and supercrystalline particle packings, but the dielectric losses depended on the layer structure. A model that combines Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars theory and percolation theory described the relationship of the specific interfacial area and the dielectric constant quantitatively. The electric breakdown of the nanodielectric layers sensitively depended on particle packing. A highest breakdown field strength of 158.7 MV m-1 was found for the sample with 8.2 nm cores and short ligands that had a face-centered cubic structure. Breakdown apparently is initiated at the microscopic maxima of the electric field that depends on particle packing. The relevance of the results for industrially produced devices was demonstrated on inkjet printed thin film capacitors with an area of 0.79 mm2 on aluminum coated PET foils that retained their capacity of 1.24 ± 0.01 nF@10 kHz during 3000 bending cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Buchheit
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Bart-Jan Niebuur
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Lola González-García
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Saarland University, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Tobias Kraus
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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2
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Yu SH, Hassan SZ, So C, Kang M, Chung DS. Molecular-Switch-Embedded Solution-Processed Semiconductors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2203401. [PMID: 35929102 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent improvements in the performance of solution-processed semiconductor materials and optoelectronic devices have shifted research interest to the diversification/advancement of their functionality. Embedding a molecular switch capable of transition between two or more metastable isomers by light stimuli is one of the most straightforward and widely accepted methods to potentially realize the multifunctionality of optoelectronic devices. A molecular switch embedded in a semiconductor can effectively control various parameters such as trap-level, dielectric constant, electrical resistance, charge mobility, and charge polarity, which can be utilized in photoprogrammable devices including transistors, memory, and diodes. This review classifies the mechanism of each optoelectronic transition driven by molecular switches regardless of the type of semiconductor material or molecular switch or device. In addition, the basic characteristics of molecular switches and the persisting technical/scientific issues corresponding to each mechanism are discussed to help researchers. Finally, interesting yet infrequently reported applications of molecular switches and their mechanisms are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Hoon Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Syed Zahid Hassan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan So
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyun Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sung Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
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3
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Das M, Brahma M, Krishnamoorthy G. Host-guest interaction aided Zinc carry and delivery by ESIPT active 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 281:121474. [PMID: 35797954 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The effect of solvents and supramolecular hosts on the binding of metal ion with an excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) active fluorophore 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole (HPBO) are investigated to scrutinize a possible metal ion carry and delivery system. The fluorophore forms strong fluorescent complex with Zn2+ ion. In aqueous medium, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) breaks the HPBO-Zn2+ complex and encapsulate the freed fluorophore. Hence, the initially blocked ESIPT process is restored by forming an inclusion complex with the host molecules. However, in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), β-CD does not break the complex. But cucurbit[7]uril (CB-7) breaks the complex in both DMSO and water. The tuned emission characteristics are considered for constructing different molecular logic gates. BUFFER, NOT, PASS, IMPLICATION and INHIBIT logic operations are substantiated based on Zn2+, CB-7 and β-CD response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minati Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Mongoli Brahma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - G Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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4
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Gold Nanoparticles as Effective ion Traps in Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Cross-Linked by Metal-Ligand Coordination. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113579. [PMID: 35684515 PMCID: PMC9182465 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
At this time, the development of advanced elastic dielectric materials for use in organic devices, particularly in organic field-effect transistors, is of considerable interest to the scientific community. In the present work, flexible poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) specimens cross-linked by means of ZnCl2-bipyridine coordination with an addition of 0.001 wt. %, 0.0025 wt. %, 0.005 wt. %, 0.04 wt. %, 0.2 wt. %, and 0.4 wt. % of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared in order to understand the effect of AuNPs on the electrical properties of the composite materials formed. The broadband dielectric spectroscopy measurements revealed one order of magnitude decrease in loss tangent, compared to the coordinated system, upon an introduction of 0.001 wt. % of AuNPs into the polymeric matrix. An introduction of AuNPs causes damping of conductivity within the low-temperature range investigated. These effects can be explained as a result of trapping the Cl− counter ions by the nanoparticles. The study has shown that even a very low concentration of AuNPs (0.001 wt. %) still brings about effective trapping of Cl− counter anions, therefore improving the dielectric properties of the investigated systems. The modification proposed reveals new perspectives for using AuNPs in polymers cross-linked by metal-ligand coordination systems.
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5
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Chen J, Pu H, Hersam MC, Westerhoff P. Molecular Engineering of 2D Nanomaterial Field-Effect Transistor Sensors: Fundamentals and Translation across the Innovation Spectrum. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106975. [PMID: 34921575 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, 2D layered nanomaterials have attracted significant attention across the scientific community due to their rich and exotic properties. Various nanoelectronic devices based on these 2D nanomaterials have been explored and demonstrated, including those for environmental applications. Here, the fundamental attributes of 2D layered nanomaterials for field-effect transistor (FET) sensors and tunneling FET (TFET) sensors, which provide versatile detection of water contaminants such as heavy-metal ions, bacteria, nutrients, and organic pollutants, are discussed. The major challenges and opportunities are also outlined for designing and fabricating 2D nanomaterial FET/TFET sensors with superior performance. Translation of these FET/TFET sensors from fundamental research to applied technology is illustrated through a case study on graphene-based real-time FET water sensors. A second case study centers on large-scale sensor networks for water-quality monitoring to enable intelligent drinking water and river-water systems. Overall, 2D nanomaterial FET sensors have significant potential for enabling a human-centered intelligent water system that can likely be applied to other precarious water supplies around the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Chen
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Physical Sciences and Engineering Directorate, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Haihui Pu
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Physical Sciences and Engineering Directorate, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Paul Westerhoff
- School of Sustainable Engineering and The Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
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6
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Chen Z, Wang R, Ma T, Wang JL, Duan Y, Dai ZZ, Xu J, Wang HJ, Yuan J, Jiang HL, Yin YW, Li XG, Gao MR, Yu SH. Large-Area Crystalline Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Thin Films. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14124-14130. [PMID: 33856098 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We report that continuous MOF films with highly controlled thickness (from 44 to 5100 nm) can be deposited over length scales greater than 80 centimeters by a facile, fast, and cost-effective spray-coating method. Such success relies on our discovery of unprecedented perfectly dispersed colloidal solutions consisting of amorphous MOF nanoparticles, which we adopted as precursors that readily converted to the crystalline films upon low-temperature in situ heating. The colloidal solutions allow for the fabrication of compact and uniform MOF films on a great deal of substrates such as fluorine-doped tin oxide, glass, SiO2 , Al2 O3 , Si, Cu, and even flexible polycarbonate, widening their technological applications where substrates are essential. Despite the present work focuses on the fabrication of uniform cobalt-(2-methylimidazole)2 and zinc-(2-methylimidazole)2 films, our findings mark a great possibility in producing other high-quality MOF thin films on a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Functional Polymer, College of Chemistry and Environment Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Jin-Long Wang
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yu Duan
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zhi-Zhan Dai
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics, and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hui-Juan Wang
- Experimental Center of Engineering and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jiayin Yuan
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hai-Long Jiang
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yue-Wei Yin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics, and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xiao-Guang Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics, and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Min-Rui Gao
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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7
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Chen Z, Wang R, Ma T, Wang J, Duan Y, Dai Z, Xu J, Wang H, Yuan J, Jiang H, Yin Y, Li X, Gao M, Yu S. Large‐Area Crystalline Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Thin Films. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Rui Wang
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Tao Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Functional Polymer College of Chemistry and Environment Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518060 China
| | - Jin‐Long Wang
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Yu Duan
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Zhi‐Zhan Dai
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Physics, and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Jie Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Hui‐Juan Wang
- Experimental Center of Engineering and Material Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Jiayin Yuan
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Hai‐Long Jiang
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Yue‐Wei Yin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Physics, and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Xiao‐Guang Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Physics, and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Min‐Rui Gao
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Shu‐Hong Yu
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
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8
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Song Y, Ha Y. One‐Step Fabricated and Solution‐Processed Hybrid Gate Dielectrics for Low‐Voltage Organic Thin‐Film Transistors. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Youngmin Song
- Department of Chemistry Kyonggi University Suwon Gyeonggi‐Do 443‐760 Republic of Korea
| | - Young‐Geun Ha
- Department of Chemistry Kyonggi University Suwon Gyeonggi‐Do 443‐760 Republic of Korea
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9
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Stallings K, Smith J, Chen Y, Zeng L, Wang B, Di Carlo G, Bedzyk MJ, Facchetti A, Marks TJ. Self-Assembled Nanodielectrics for Solution-Processed Top-Gate Amorphous IGZO Thin-Film Transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:15399-15408. [PMID: 33779161 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide semiconductors, such as amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO), have made impressive strides as alternatives to amorphous silicon for electronics applications. However, to achieve the full potential of these semiconductors, compatible unconventional gate dielectric materials must also be developed. To this end, solution-processable self-assembled nanodielectrics (SANDs) composed of structurally well-defined and durable nanoscopic alternating organic (e.g., stilbazolium) and inorganic oxide (e.g., ZrOx and HfOx) layers offer impressive capacitances and low processing temperatures (T ≤ 200 °C). While SANDs have been paired with diverse semiconductors and have yielded excellent device metrics, they have never been implemented in the most technologically relevant top-gate thin-film transistor (TFT) architecture. Here, we combine solution-processed a-IGZO with solution-processed four-layer Hf-SAND to fabricate top-gate TFTs, which exhibit impressive electron mobilities (μSAT = 19.4 cm2 V-1 s-1) and low threshold voltages (Vth = 0.83 V), subthreshold slopes (SS = 293 mV/dec), and gate leakage currents (10-10 A) as well as high bias stress stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Stallings
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jeremy Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Li Zeng
- Applied Physics Program and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Binghao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Gabriele Di Carlo
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael J Bedzyk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Applied Physics Program and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Flexterra Inc., 8025 Lamon Avenue, Skokie, Illinois 60077, United States
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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10
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Huang W, Yu X, Zeng L, Wang B, Takai A, Di Carlo G, Bedzyk MJ, Marks TJ, Facchetti A. Ultraviolet Light-Densified Oxide-Organic Self-Assembled Dielectrics: Processing Thin-Film Transistors at Room Temperature. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:3445-3453. [PMID: 33416304 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low-temperature, solution-processable, high-capacitance, and low-leakage gate dielectrics are of great interest for unconventional electronics. Here, we report a near room temperature ultraviolet densification (UVD) methodology for realizing high-performance organic-inorganic zirconia self-assembled nanodielectrics (UVD-ZrSANDs). These UVD-ZrSAND multilayers are grown from solution in ambient, densified by UV radiation, and characterized by X-ray reflectivity, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and capacitance measurements. The resulting UVD-ZrSAND films exhibit large capacitances of >700 nF/cm2 and low leakage current densities of <10-7 A/cm2, which rival or exceed those synthesized by traditional thermal methods. Both the p-type organic semiconductor pentacene and the n-type metal oxide semiconductor In2O3 were used to investigate UVD-ZrSANDs as the gate dielectric in thin-film transistors, affording mobilities of 0.58 and 26.21 cm2/(V s), respectively, at a low gate voltage of 2 V. These results represent a significant advance in fabricating ultra-thin high-performance dielectrics near room temperature and should facilitate their integration into diverse electronic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xinge Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Ave., Kowloon 000000, Hong Kong
| | - Li Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Applied Physics Program and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Binghao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Atsuro Takai
- Molecular Design and Function Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
| | - Gabriele Di Carlo
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael J Bedzyk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Applied Physics Program and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Flexterra Corporation, Skokie, Illinois 60077, United States
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11
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Acharyya S, Gharami S, Sarkar D, Ghosh P, Murmu N, Mondal TK. A thioether containing reversible fluorescence “turn-on” chemosensor for selective detection of zinc(II): Applications in live cell imaging and inhibit logic gate. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Harsha KG, Ananda Rao B, Baggi TR, Prabhakar S, Jayathirtha Rao V. Thiophene-phenylquinazoline probe for selective ratiometric fluorescence and visual detection of Fe(iii) and turn-off fluorescence for I - and its applications. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2020; 19:1707-1716. [PMID: 33216103 DOI: 10.1039/d0pp00193g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A 2,5-bis(4-phenylquinazolin-2-yl)thiophene (BQT) probe is designed, synthesized and explored for selective ratiometric fluorescence and visual detection of Fe3+ and as a turn-off fluorescence probe for I- anion. BQT is colorless and has blue emission in CH3CN solution. BQT selectively complexes with Fe3+, turns its solution from colorless to greenish yellow and enables the ratiometric sensing of Fe3+ with limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 2 × 10-8 M and 6.1 × 10-8 M, respectively. Binding constant of BQT with Fe3+ is found to be 4.1 × 10-4 M-1. BQT is also able to sense I- anion present in aqueous solution by selectively turning colorless to yellow and fluorescence quenching with a LOD of 1.7 × 10-7 M and LOQ of 5.2 × 10-7 M. BQT sensing ability is not influenced by the presence of other metal ions and anions in the vicinity. The BQT-Fe3+ complex is thoroughly characterized using MALDI-TOF, NMR and Job's plot. A reversibility experiment with EDTA suggests BQT is a reversible fluorescent chemosensor for Fe3+ ions. The spectroscopic data of BQT and its complexes are employed to construct a field test kit for qualitative analysis and INHIBIT logic gate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannikanti Gavash Harsha
- Dept. of Analytical and Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
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13
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Garner MH, Solomon GC. Simultaneous Suppression of π- and σ-Transmission in π-Conjugated Molecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:7400-7406. [PMID: 32787288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dielectric materials require ostensibly conflicting requirements of high polarizability and low conductivity. As previous efforts toward molecular insulators focused on saturated molecules, it remains an open question whether π- and σ-transport can be simultaneously suppressed in conjugated systems. Here, we demonstrate that there are conjugated molecules where the σ-transmission is suppressed by destructive σ-interference, while the π-transmission can be suppressed by a localized disruption of conjugation. Using density functional theory, we study the Landauer transmission and ballistic current density, which allow us to determine how the transmission is affected by various structural changes in the molecule. We find that in para-linked oligophenyl rings the σ-transmission can be suppressed by changing the remaining hydrogens to methyl groups due to the inherent gauche-like structure of the carbon backbone within a benzene ring, similar to what was previously seen in saturated systems. At the same time, the methyl groups fulfill a dual purpose as they modulate the twist angle between neighboring phenyl rings. When neighboring rings are orthogonal to each other, the transmission through both π- and σ-systems is effectively suppressed. Alternatively, breaking conjugation in a single phenyl ring by saturating two carbons atoms with two methyl substituents on each carbon, results in suppressed π- and σ-transport independent of dihedral angle. These two strategies demonstrate that methyl-substituted oligophenyls are promising candidates for the development of molecular dielectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc H Garner
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Gemma C Solomon
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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14
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Lu B, Wang B, Chen Y, Facchetti A, Marks TJ, Balogun O. Cross-Plane Thermal Conductance of Phosphonate-Based Self-Assembled Monolayers and Self-Assembled Nanodielectrics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:34901-34909. [PMID: 32633937 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c08117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled nanodielectrics (SANDs) consist of alternating layers of polarized phosphonate-functionalized azastibazolium π-electron (PAE) and high-k dielectric metal oxide (ZrO2 or HfOx) films. SANDs are desirable gate dielectrics materials for thin-film transistor applications because of their excellent properties such as low-temperature fabrication, large dielectric strength, and large capacitance. In this paper, we investigate the cross-plane thermal boundary conductance of SANDs using the frequency domain thermoreflectance (FDTR) technique. First, we characterize the thermal conductance of PAE self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), inverted-PAE (IPAE) SAMs, and mixed PAE-IPAE SAMs, sandwiched between thin gold and silica (SiO2) films at the top and bottom surfaces. Next, we quantify the thermal conductance of SAND-n with different numbers (n) of PAE-ZrO2 layers and thicknesses ranging between 4.7 and 11.3 nm. From the FDTR measurements, we observe that the thermal boundary conductance of the SAMs can be tuned between 42.1 ± 4.6 MW/(m2 K) and 52.4 ± 2.5 MW/(m2 K), based on the relative density of the PAE and IPAE chromophores. In the SAND-n samples, we observe a monotonic decrease in the thermal conductance with increasing n. We use the measured thermal conductance data in a series resistance model to estimate a thermal interface conductance of 695 MW/(m2 K) for the contact between the PAE chromophore and the zirconium dioxide films, which is an order of magnitude larger than the SAMs. We attribute the improved thermal conductance to stronger adhesion between the PAE chromophore and the zirconium dioxide films, as compared to the weakly bonded SAMs to the gold and silicon dioxide films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojie Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Binghao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Flexterra Inc., 8025 Lamon Avenue, Skokie, Illinois 60077, United States
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Oluwaseyi Balogun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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15
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Research Progress of High Dielectric Constant Zirconia-Based Materials for Gate Dielectric Application. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10070698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The high dielectric constant ZrO2, as one of the most promising gate dielectric materials for next generation semiconductor device, is expected to be introduced as a new high k dielectric layer to replace the traditional SiO2 gate dielectric. The electrical properties of ZrO2 films prepared by various deposition methods and the main methods to improve their electrical properties are introduced, including doping of nonmetal elements, metal doping design of pseudo-binary alloy system, new stacking structure, coupling with organic materials and utilization of crystalline ZrO2 as well as optimization of low-temperature solution process. The applications of ZrO2 and its composite thin film materials in metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) and thin film transistors (TFTs) with low power consumption and high performance are prospected.
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16
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Jeong JW, Hwang HS, Choi D, Ma BC, Jung J, Chang M. Hybrid Polymer/Metal Oxide Thin Films for High Performance, Flexible Transistors. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11030264. [PMID: 32143449 PMCID: PMC7143309 DOI: 10.3390/mi11030264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxides (MOs) have garnered significant attention in a variety of research fields, particularly in flexible electronics such as wearable devices, due to their superior electronic properties. Meanwhile, polymers exhibit excellent mechanical properties such as flexibility and durability, besides enabling economic solution-based fabrication. Therefore, MO/polymer nanocomposites are excellent electronic materials for use in flexible electronics owing to the confluence of the merits of their components. In this article, we review recent developments in the synthesis and fabrication techniques for MO/polymer nanocomposite-based flexible transistors. In particular, representative MO/polymer nanocomposites for flexible and transparent channel layers and gate dielectrics are introduced and their electronic properties-such as mobilities and dielectric constant-are presented. Finally, we highlight the advances in interface engineering and its influence on device electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Won Jeong
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Hye Suk Hwang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Dalsu Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggido 17058, Korea;
| | - Byung Chol Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Correspondence: (B.C.M.); (J.J.); (M.C.); Tel.: +82-62-530-1815 (B.C.M.); +82-62-530-1771 (J.J. & M.C.)
| | - Jaehan Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Korea
- Correspondence: (B.C.M.); (J.J.); (M.C.); Tel.: +82-62-530-1815 (B.C.M.); +82-62-530-1771 (J.J. & M.C.)
| | - Mincheol Chang
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Energy Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Correspondence: (B.C.M.); (J.J.); (M.C.); Tel.: +82-62-530-1815 (B.C.M.); +82-62-530-1771 (J.J. & M.C.)
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17
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Chen H, Zhang W, Li M, He G, Guo X. Interface Engineering in Organic Field-Effect Transistors: Principles, Applications, and Perspectives. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2879-2949. [PMID: 32078296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous interfaces that are ubiquitous in optoelectronic devices play a key role in the device performance and have led to the prosperity of today's microelectronics. Interface engineering provides an effective and promising approach to enhancing the device performance of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and even developing new functions. In fact, researchers from different disciplines have devoted considerable attention to this concept, which has started to evolve from simple improvement of the device performance to sophisticated construction of novel functionalities, indicating great potential for further applications in broad areas ranging from integrated circuits and energy conversion to catalysis and chemical/biological sensors. In this review article, we provide a timely and comprehensive overview of current efficient approaches developed for building various delicate functional interfaces in OFETs, including interfaces within the semiconductor layers, semiconductor/electrode interfaces, semiconductor/dielectric interfaces, and semiconductor/environment interfaces. We also highlight the major contributions and new concepts of integrating molecular functionalities into electrical circuits, which have been neglected in most previous reviews. This review will provide a fundamental understanding of the interplay between the molecular structure, assembly, and emergent functions at the molecular level and consequently offer novel insights into designing a new generation of multifunctional integrated circuits and sensors toward practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Weining Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Mingliang Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Gen He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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18
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Song Y, Ha Y. Organic Thin‐Film Transistors Fabricated by Solution‐Processed and Low‐Temperature Condensed Hybrid Gate Dielectrics. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youngmin Song
- Department of ChemistryKyonggi University Suwon 16227 Republic of Korea
| | - Young‐Geun Ha
- Department of ChemistryKyonggi University Suwon 16227 Republic of Korea
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19
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Sizov AS, Agina EV, Ponomarenko SA. Self-assembled interface monolayers for organic and hybrid electronics. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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Sun C, Wang MS, Guo GC. Covalently Bonded Pillared Layered Bromoplumbate with High Thermal Stability: High Capacitance Gain after Photoinduced Electron Transfer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:30713-30718. [PMID: 31366190 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b06375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Improving the stability and photoelectric properties are current aims in the field of inorganic-organic hybrid lead halides. In this work, a new covalently bonded pillared layered bromoplumbate, [Pb3Br6(CV)]n, was prepared using a photoactive zwitterion viologen, N,N'-4,4'-bipyridiniodipropionate (CV), as a ligand. It has a high thermal stability in air and shows a remarkable increase of capacitance after photoinduced electron transfer (PIET). The observed dielectric switch ratio of ∼689% at 3 kHz exceeded all reported values at room temperature for switchable dielectric materials. The capacitance gain was derived from the redistribution of electrons after PIET from the lead-halide layer to organic π-aggregates, so that the activation energy of hopping polarizability was significantly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Cong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
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21
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Garner MH, Koerstz M, Jensen JH, Solomon GC. The Bicyclo[2.2.2]octane Motif: A Class of Saturated Group 14 Quantum Interference Based Single-Molecule Insulators. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:6941-6947. [PMID: 30484655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b03432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The electronic transmission through σ-conjugated molecules can be fully suppressed by destructive quantum interference, which makes them potential candidates for single-molecule insulators. The first molecule with clear suppression of the single-molecule conductance due to σ-interference was recently found in the form of a functionalized bicyclo[2.2.2]octasilane. Here we continue the search for potential single-molecule insulators based on saturated group 14 molecules. Using a high-throughput screening approach, we assess the electron transport properties of the bicyclo[2.2.2]octane class by systematically varying the constituent atoms between carbon, silicon, and germanium, thus exploring the full chemical space of 771 different molecules. The majority of the molecules in the bicyclo[2.2.2]octane class are found to be highly insulating molecules. Though the all-silicon molecule is a clear-cut case of σ-interference, it is not unique within its class and there are many potential molecules that we predict to be more insulating. The finding of this class of quantum interference based single-molecule insulators indicates that a broad range of highly insulating saturated group 14 molecules are likely to exist.
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22
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Kim MJ, Pak K, Hwang WS, Im SG, Cho BJ. Novel Vapor-Phase Synthesis of Flexible, Homogeneous Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Gate Dielectric with sub 5 nm Equivalent Oxide Thickness. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:37326-37334. [PMID: 30229654 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid dielectrics have attracted considerable attention for improving both the dielectric constant ( k) and mechanical flexibility of the gate dielectric layer for emerging flexible and wearable electronics. However, conventional solution-based hybrid materials, such as nanocomposite and self-assembled nanodielectrics, have limitations in the dielectric quality when the thickness is deep-scaled, which is critical to realizing high-performance flexible devices. This study proposes a novel vapor-phase synthesis method to form an ultrathin, homogeneous, high- k organic-inorganic hybrid dielectric. A series of hybrid dielectrics is synthesized via initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) in a one-step manner, where 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and trimethylaluminum are used as the monomer and inorganic precursor, respectively. The thickness and composition are effectively controlled to form a uniform, defect-free hybrid dielectric. As a result, the synthesized hybrid dielectric has a high- k value as high as 7 and exhibits a low leakage current density of less than 3 × 10-7 A/cm2 at 2 MV/cm, even with an equivalent oxide thickness of less than 5 nm. Furthermore, the dielectric layer shows exceptional chemical stability without any degradation in its dielectric performance and a smooth surface morphology. The dielectric layer also has good flexibility, maintaining its excellent dielectric performance under a tensile strain of up to 2.6%. Organic thin-film transistors with the developed hybrid dielectric as the gate dielectric achieved hysteresis-free transfer characteristics, with an operating voltage of up to 4 V and excellent mechanical flexibility as well. The hybrid dielectric synthesized via the iCVD process is a promising candidate for high-performance, low-power flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wan Sik Hwang
- Department of Materials Engineering , Korea Aerospace University , Gyeonggi-do 10540 , Republic of Korea
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23
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Byun HR, Ha YG. One-Step Fabrication of Hydrophobic Hybrid Gate Dielectrics for Low-Voltage Organic Thin-Film Transistors. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ran Byun
- Department of Chemistry; Kyonggi University; Suwon 16227 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Geun Ha
- Department of Chemistry; Kyonggi University; Suwon 16227 Republic of Korea
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24
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Senanayak SP, Sangwan VK, McMorrow JJ, Everaerts K, Chen Z, Facchetti A, Hersam MC, Marks TJ, Narayan KS. Self-Assembled Photochromic Molecular Dipoles for High-Performance Polymer Thin-Film Transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:21492-21498. [PMID: 29847908 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b05401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of high-performance multifunctional polymer-based electronic circuits is a major step toward future flexible electronics. Here, we demonstrate a tunable approach to fabricate such devices based on rationally designed dielectric super-lattice structures with photochromic azobenzene molecules. These nanodielectrics possessing ionic, molecular, and atomic polarization are utilized in polymer thin-film transistors (TFTs) to realize high-performance electronics with a p-type field-effect mobility (μFET) exceeding 2 cm2 V-1 s-1. A crossover in the transport mechanism from electrostatic dipolar disorder to ionic-induced disorder is observed in the transistor characteristics over a range of temperatures. The facile supramolecular design allows the possibility to optically control the extent of molecular and ionic polarization in the ultrathin nanodielectric. Thus, we demonstrate a 3-fold increase in the capacitance from 0.1 to 0.34 μF/cm2, which results in a 200% increase in TFT channel current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyaprasad P Senanayak
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit , Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research , Bangalore 560064 , India
- Optoelectronics Group , Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge , JJ Thomson Avenue , Cambridge CB3 0HE , U.K
| | | | | | | | - Zhihua Chen
- Flexterra Inc. , 8025 Lamon Avenue , Skokie , Illinois 60077 , United States
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Flexterra Inc. , 8025 Lamon Avenue , Skokie , Illinois 60077 , United States
| | | | | | - K S Narayan
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit , Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research , Bangalore 560064 , India
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25
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Liu A, Zhu H, Sun H, Xu Y, Noh YY. Solution Processed Metal Oxide High-κ Dielectrics for Emerging Transistors and Circuits. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1706364. [PMID: 29904984 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The electronic functionalities of metal oxides comprise conductors, semiconductors, and insulators. Metal oxides have attracted great interest for construction of large-area electronics, particularly thin-film transistors (TFTs), for their high optical transparency, excellent chemical and thermal stability, and mechanical tolerance. High-permittivity (κ) oxide dielectrics are a key component for achieving low-voltage and high-performance TFTs. With the expanding integration of complementary metal oxide semiconductor transistors, the replacement of SiO2 with high-κ oxide dielectrics has become urgently required, because their provided thicker layers suppress quantum mechanical tunneling. Toward low-cost devices, tremendous efforts have been devoted to vacuum-free, solution processable fabrication, such as spin coating, spray pyrolysis, and printing techniques. This review focuses on recent progress in solution processed high-κ oxide dielectrics and their applications to emerging TFTs. First, the history, basics, theories, and leakage current mechanisms of high-κ oxide dielectrics are presented, and the underlying mechanism for mobility enhancement over conventional SiO2 is outlined. Recent achievements of solution-processed high-κ oxide materials and their applications in TFTs are summarized and traditional coating methods and emerging printing techniques are introduced. Finally, low temperature approaches, e.g., ecofriendly water-induced, self-combustion reaction, and energy-assisted post treatments, for the realization of flexible electronics and circuits are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Liu
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Huihui Zhu
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Huabin Sun
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Young Noh
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro, 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
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26
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Comprehensive suppression of single-molecule conductance using destructive σ-interference. Nature 2018; 558:415-419. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0197-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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27
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Wang B, Huang W, Chi L, Al-Hashimi M, Marks TJ, Facchetti A. High- k Gate Dielectrics for Emerging Flexible and Stretchable Electronics. Chem Rev 2018; 118:5690-5754. [PMID: 29785854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in flexible and stretchable electronics (FSE), a technology diverging from the conventional rigid silicon technology, have stimulated fundamental scientific and technological research efforts. FSE aims at enabling disruptive applications such as flexible displays, wearable sensors, printed RFID tags on packaging, electronics on skin/organs, and Internet-of-things as well as possibly reducing the cost of electronic device fabrication. Thus, the key materials components of electronics, the semiconductor, the dielectric, and the conductor as well as the passive (substrate, planarization, passivation, and encapsulation layers) must exhibit electrical performance and mechanical properties compatible with FSE components and products. In this review, we summarize and analyze recent advances in materials concepts as well as in thin-film fabrication techniques for high- k (or high-capacitance) gate dielectrics when integrated with FSE-compatible semiconductors such as organics, metal oxides, quantum dot arrays, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and other 2D semiconductors. Since thin-film transistors (TFTs) are the key enablers of FSE devices, we discuss TFT structures and operation mechanisms after a discussion on the needs and general requirements of gate dielectrics. Also, the advantages of high- k dielectrics over low- k ones in TFT applications were elaborated. Next, after presenting the design and properties of high- k polymers and inorganic, electrolyte, and hybrid dielectric families, we focus on the most important fabrication methodologies for their deposition as TFT gate dielectric thin films. Furthermore, we provide a detailed summary of recent progress in performance of FSE TFTs based on these high- k dielectrics, focusing primarily on emerging semiconductor types. Finally, we conclude with an outlook and challenges section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States.,Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices , Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Lifeng Chi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices , Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Mohammed Al-Hashimi
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University at Qatar , PO Box 23874, Doha , Qatar
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States.,Flexterra Corporation , 8025 Lamon Avenue , Skokie , Illinois 60077 , United States
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28
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A Phosphonic Acid Self-assembled Monolayer on UV-Cured Metal Oxides as Gate Dielectrics for Low-Voltage Organic Field-Effect Transistors. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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29
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Zeng L, Turrisi R, Fu B, Emery JD, Walker AR, Ratner MA, Hersam MC, Facchetti AF, Marks TJ, Bedzyk MJ. Measuring Dipole Inversion in Self-Assembled Nano-Dielectric Molecular Layers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:6484-6490. [PMID: 29378110 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b16160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A self-assembled nanodielectric (SAND) is an ultrathin film, typically with periodic layer pairs of high-k oxide and phosphonic-acid-based π-electron (PAE) molecular layers. IPAE, having a molecular structure similar to that of PAE but with an inverted dipole direction, has recently been developed for use in thin-film transistors. Here we report that replacing PAE with IPAE in SAND-based thin-film transistors induces sizable threshold and turn-on voltage shifts, indicating the flipping of the built-in SAND polarity. The bromide counteranion (Br-) associated with the cationic stilbazolium portion of PAE or IPAE is of great importance, because its relative position strongly affects the electric dipole moment of the organic layer. Hence, a set of X-ray synchrotron measurements were designed and performed to directly measure and compare the Br- distributions within the PAE and IPAE SANDs. Two trilayer SANDs, consisting of a PAE or IPAE layer sandwiched between an HfOx and a ZrOx layer, were deposited on the SiOx surface of Si substrates or periodic Si/Mo multilayer substrates for X-ray reflectivity and X-ray standing wave measurements, respectively. Along with complementary DFT simulations, the spacings, elemental (Hf, Br, and Zr) distributions, molecular orientations, and Mulliken charge distributions of the PAE and IPAE molecules within each of the SAND trilayers were determined and correlated with the dipole inversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zeng
- Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Riccardo Turrisi
- Materials Science Department, University of Milano-Bicocca , Via R. Cozzi 53, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Mark A Ratner
- Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | | | - Tobin J Marks
- Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael J Bedzyk
- Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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30
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Li J, Duan Y, Li T, Li H. Extreme electron transport suppression in siloxane ring-based molecular devices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:23352-23362. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03616k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Siloxane ring-based molecular devices possess excessive transport suppression and size-dependent transport decay, based on an analysis of electronic coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Key Laboratory for Liquid–Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250061
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yunrui Duan
- Key Laboratory for Liquid–Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250061
- People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- Key Laboratory for Liquid–Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250061
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory for Liquid–Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250061
- People's Republic of China
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31
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Pawar SV, Togiti UK, Trivedi P, Ghosh B, Bhattacharya A, Nag A. FRET-Mediated Zn 2+
Sensing in Aqueous Micellar Solution: Application in Cellular Imaging and Molecular Logic Gate. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shweta V. Pawar
- Department of Chemistry; BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus; Hyderabad- 500078 India
| | - Uday Kumar Togiti
- Department of Chemistry; BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus; Hyderabad- 500078 India
| | - Prakruti Trivedi
- Department of Pharmacy; BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus; Hyderabad- 500078 India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacy; BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus; Hyderabad- 500078 India
| | - Anupam Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry; BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus; Hyderabad- 500078 India
| | - Amit Nag
- Department of Chemistry; BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus; Hyderabad- 500078 India
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32
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Li H, Garner MH, Su TA, Jensen A, Inkpen MS, Steigerwald ML, Venkataraman L, Solomon GC, Nuckolls C. Extreme Conductance Suppression in Molecular Siloxanes. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:10212-10215. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haixing Li
- Department
of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Marc H. Garner
- Nano-Science
Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken
5, 2100 Copenhagen
Ø, Denmark
| | - Timothy A. Su
- Department
of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Anders Jensen
- Nano-Science
Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken
5, 2100 Copenhagen
Ø, Denmark
| | - Michael S. Inkpen
- Department
of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | | | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department
of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Gemma C. Solomon
- Nano-Science
Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken
5, 2100 Copenhagen
Ø, Denmark
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department
of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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33
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Pathak A, Chiou GR, Gade NR, Usman M, Mendiratta S, Luo TT, Tseng TW, Chen JW, Chen FR, Chen KH, Chen LC, Lu KL. High-κ Samarium-Based Metal-Organic Framework for Gate Dielectric Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:21872-21878. [PMID: 28594158 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of a samarium-based metal-organic framework [Sm2(bhc)(H2O)6]n (1) in good yield was achieved by reacting Sm(NO3)3·6H2O with benzenehexacarboxylic acid (bhc) in a mixture of H2O-EtOH under hydrothermal conditions. A structural analysis showed that compound 1 crystallized in a space group of Pnmn and adopted a 3D structure with (4,8) connected nets. Temperature dependent dielectric measurements showed that compound 1 behaves as a high dielectric material with a high dielectric constant (κ = 45.1) at 5 kHz and 310 K, which is comparable to the values for some of the most commonly available dielectric inorganic metal oxides such as Sm2O3, Ta2O5, HfO2, and ZrO2. In addition, electrical measurements of 1 revealed an electrical conductivity of about 2.15 × 10-7 S/cm at a frequency of 5 kHz with a low leakage current (Ileakage = 8.13 × 10-12 Amm-2). Dielectric investigations of the Sm-based MOF provide an effective path for the development of high dielectric materials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Pathak
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Nano Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, and National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Guan Ru Chiou
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University , Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Narsinga Rao Gade
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University , Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | | | - Tzuoo-Tsair Luo
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Tien Wen Tseng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology , Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Jenq-Wei Chen
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University , Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Rong Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Hsien Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University , Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chyong Chen
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University , Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Lieh Lu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115, Taiwan
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34
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Van Dyck C, Marks TJ, Ratner MA. Chain Length Dependence of the Dielectric Constant and Polarizability in Conjugated Organic Thin Films. ACS NANO 2017; 11:5970-5981. [PMID: 28575578 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b01807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Dielectric materials are ubiquitous in optics, electronics, and materials science. Recently, there have been new efforts to characterize the dielectric performance of thin films composed of molecular assemblies. In this context, we investigate here the relationship between the polarizability of the constituent molecules and the film dielectric constant, using periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations, for polyyne and saturated alkane chains. In particular, we explore the implication of the superlinear chain length dependence of the polarizability, a specific feature of conjugated molecules. We show and explain from DFT calculations and a simple depolarization model that this superlinearity is attenuated by the collective polarization. However, it is not completely suppressed. This confers a very high sensitivity of the dielectric constant to the thin film thickness. This latter can increase by a factor of 3-4 at reasonable coverages, by extending the molecular length. This significantly limits the decline of the thin film capacitance with the film thickness. Therefore, the conventional fit of the capacitance versus thickness is not appropriate to determine the dielectric constant of the film. Finally, we show that the failures of semilocal approximations of the exchange-correlation functional lead to a very significant overestimation of this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Van Dyck
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mark A Ratner
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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35
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Studies on crystal structures, optical and electrical properties of viologen cation salts of d10 metal halide anions. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.11.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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36
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Byun HR, You EA, Ha YG. Multifunctional Hybrid Multilayer Gate Dielectrics with Tunable Surface Energy for Ultralow-Power Organic and Amorphous Oxide Thin-Film Transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:7347-7354. [PMID: 28150486 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b15798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
For large-area, printable, and flexible electronic applications using advanced semiconductors, novel dielectric materials with excellent capacitance, insulating property, thermal stability, and mechanical flexibility need to be developed to achieve high-performance, ultralow-voltage operation of thin-film transistors (TFTs). In this work, we first report on the facile fabrication of multifunctional hybrid multilayer gate dielectrics with tunable surface energy via a low-temperature solution-process to produce ultralow-voltage organic and amorphous oxide TFTs. The hybrid multilayer dielectric materials are constructed by iteratively stacking bifunctional phosphonic acid-based self-assembled monolayers combined with ultrathin high-k oxide layers. The nanoscopic thickness-controllable hybrid dielectrics exhibit the superior capacitance (up to 970 nF/cm2), insulating property (leakage current densities <10-7 A/cm2), and thermal stability (up to 300 °C) as well as smooth surfaces (root-mean-square roughness <0.35 nm). In addition, the surface energy of the hybrid multilayer dielectrics are easily changed by switching between mono- and bifunctional phosphonic acid-based self-assembled monolayers for compatible fabrication with both organic and amorphous oxide semiconductors. Consequently, the hybrid multilayer dielectrics integrated into TFTs reveal their excellent dielectric functions to achieve high-performance, ultralow-voltage operation (< ± 2 V) for both organic and amorphous oxide TFTs. Because of the easily tunable surface energy, the multifunctional hybrid multilayer dielectrics can also be adapted for various organic and inorganic semiconductors, and metal gates in other device configurations, thus allowing diverse advanced electronic applications including ultralow-power and large-area electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ran Byun
- Department of Chemistry, Kyonggi University , Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ah You
- Center for Nano-Bio Measurement, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science , Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Geun Ha
- Department of Chemistry, Kyonggi University , Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, 16227, Republic of Korea
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37
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Wang G, Huang X, Jiang P. Bio-Inspired Fluoro-polydopamine Meets Barium Titanate Nanowires: A Perfect Combination to Enhance Energy Storage Capability of Polymer Nanocomposites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:7547-7555. [PMID: 28150490 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b14454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Rapid evolution of energy storage devices expedites the development of high-energy-density materials with excellent flexibility and easy processing. The search for such materials has triggered the development of high-dielectric-constant (high-k) polymer nanocomposites. However, the enhancement of k usually suffers from sharp reduction of breakdown strength, which is detrimental to substantial increase of energy storage capability. Herein, the combination of bio-inspired fluoro-polydopamine functionalized BaTiO3 nanowires (NWs) and a fluoropolymer matrix offers a new thought to prepare polymer nanocomposites. The elaborate functionalization of BaTiO3 NWs with fluoro-polydopamine has guaranteed both the increase of k and the maintenance of breakdown strength, resulting in significantly enhanced energy storage capability. The nanocomposite with 5 vol % functionalized BaTiO3 NWs discharges an ultrahigh energy density of 12.87 J cm-3 at a relatively low electric field of 480 MV m-1, more than three and a half times that of biaxial-oriented polypropylene (BOPP, 3.56 J cm-3 at 600 MV m-1). This superior energy storage capability seems to rival or exceed some reported advanced nanoceramics-based materials at 500 MV m-1. This new strategy permits insights into the construction of polymer nanocomposites with high energy storage capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyao Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xingyi Huang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pingkai Jiang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China
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38
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Yu F, Wu S, Wang X, Zhang G, Lu H, Qiu L. Flexible and low-voltage organic phototransistors. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28821a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A stripping procedure was demonstrated to prepare ultra-smooth gate dielectric for flexible and low-voltage organic phototransistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanfan Yu
- Key Lab of Special Display Technology
- Ministry of Education
- National Engineering Lab of Special Display Technology
- State Key Lab of Advanced Display Technology
- Academy of Opto-Electronic Technology
| | - Shaohua Wu
- Key Lab of Special Display Technology
- Ministry of Education
- National Engineering Lab of Special Display Technology
- State Key Lab of Advanced Display Technology
- Academy of Opto-Electronic Technology
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Key Lab of Special Display Technology
- Ministry of Education
- National Engineering Lab of Special Display Technology
- State Key Lab of Advanced Display Technology
- Academy of Opto-Electronic Technology
| | - Guobing Zhang
- Key Lab of Special Display Technology
- Ministry of Education
- National Engineering Lab of Special Display Technology
- State Key Lab of Advanced Display Technology
- Academy of Opto-Electronic Technology
| | - Hongbo Lu
- Key Lab of Special Display Technology
- Ministry of Education
- National Engineering Lab of Special Display Technology
- State Key Lab of Advanced Display Technology
- Academy of Opto-Electronic Technology
| | - Longzhen Qiu
- Key Lab of Special Display Technology
- Ministry of Education
- National Engineering Lab of Special Display Technology
- State Key Lab of Advanced Display Technology
- Academy of Opto-Electronic Technology
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39
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Lee E, Jung J, Choi A, Bulliard X, Kim JH, Yun Y, Kim J, Park J, Lee S, Kang Y. Dually crosslinkable SiO2@polysiloxane core–shell nanoparticles for flexible gate dielectric insulators. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28230j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A hybrid gate dielectric material for flexible OTFT is developed by using core–shell nanoparticles (SiO2@PSRXL) where the core and the shell consist of silica nanoparticles and polysiloxane resin, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunkyung Lee
- Material Research Center
- Samsung Electronics
- Suwon-si
- Korea
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Jiyoung Jung
- Material Research Center
- Samsung Electronics
- Suwon-si
- Korea
| | - Ajeong Choi
- Material Research Center
- Samsung Electronics
- Suwon-si
- Korea
| | | | - Jung-Hwa Kim
- Platform Technology Lab
- Samsung Electronics
- Suwon-si
- Korea
| | - Youngjun Yun
- Material Research Center
- Samsung Electronics
- Suwon-si
- Korea
| | - Jooyoung Kim
- Material Research Center
- Samsung Electronics
- Suwon-si
- Korea
| | - Jeongil Park
- Material Research Center
- Samsung Electronics
- Suwon-si
- Korea
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- Material Research Center
- Samsung Electronics
- Suwon-si
- Korea
| | - Youngjong Kang
- Department of Chemistry
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology
- Hanyang University
- Seoul
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40
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Xia F, Yong H, Han X, Sun D. Small Molecule-Assisted Exfoliation of Layered Zirconium Phosphate Nanoplatelets by Ionic Liquids. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:348. [PMID: 27460596 PMCID: PMC4961662 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1559-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Exfoliation of layered inorganic nanomaterials into single-layered sheets has been widely interested in materials chemistry and composite fabrication. Here, we report the exfoliation of layered zirconium phosphate nanoplatelets by using small molecule intercalating agents in ionic liquids, which opens a new platform for fabricating single-layered inorganic materials from synthetic layered compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangqing Xia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huaisong Yong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dazhi Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong Province, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanoimprint Technology, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong Province, China.
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41
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Yu YY, Jiang AH, Lee WY. Organic/Inorganic Nano-hybrids with High Dielectric Constant for Organic Thin Film Transistor Applications. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:488. [PMID: 27822910 PMCID: PMC5099310 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1710-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The organic material soluble polyimide (PI) and organic-inorganic hybrid PI-barium titanate (BaTiO3) nanoparticle dielectric materials (IBX, where X is the concentration of BaTiO3 nanoparticles in a PI matrix) were successfully synthesized through a sol-gel process. The effects of various BaTiO3 contents on the hybrid film performance and performance optimization were investigated. Furthermore, pentacene-based organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) with PI-BaTiO3/polymethylmethacrylate or cyclic olefin copolymer (COC)-modified gate dielectrics were fabricated and examined. The hybrid materials showed effective dispersion of BaTiO3 nanoparticles in the PI matrix and favorable thermal properties. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that the BaTiO3 nanoparticles had a perovskite structure. The hybrid films exhibited high formability and planarity. The IBX hybrid dielectric films exhibited tunable insulating properties such as the dielectric constant value and capacitance in ranges of 4.0-8.6 and 9.2-17.5 nF cm-2, respectively. Adding the modified layer caused the decrease of dielectric constant values and capacitances. The modified dielectric layer without cross-linking displayed a hydrophobic surface. The electrical characteristics of the pentacene-based OTFTs were enhanced after the surface modification. The optimal condition for the dielectric layer was 10 wt% hybrid film with the COC-modified layer; moreover, the device exhibited a threshold voltage of 0.12 V, field-effect mobility of 4.32 × 10-1 cm2 V-1 s-1, and on/off current of 8.4 × 107.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yen Yu
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, No. 84, Gongzhuan Rd., Taishan Dist., New Taipei City, 24301 Taiwan
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, No.259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan, 33302 Taiwan
| | - Ai-Hua Jiang
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, No. 84, Gongzhuan Rd., Taishan Dist., New Taipei City, 24301 Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ya Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No 43, Keelung Rd., Sec.4, Da’an Dist., Taipei, 10607 Taiwan
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42
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Cui Y. Engineered phages for electronics. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 85:964-976. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.05.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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43
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Li WJ, Liu J, Sun ZH, Liu TF, Lü J, Gao SY, He C, Cao R, Luo JH. Integration of metal-organic frameworks into an electrochemical dielectric thin film for electronic applications. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11830. [PMID: 27282348 PMCID: PMC4906389 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The integration of porous metal-organic frameworks onto the surface of materials, for use as functional devices, is currently emerging as a promising approach for gas sensing and flexible displays. However, research focused on potential applications in electronic devices is in its infancy. Here we present a facile strategy by which interpenetrated, crystalline metal-organic framework films are deposited onto conductive metal-plate anodes via in situ temperature-controlled electrochemical assembly. The nanostructure of the surface as well as the thickness and uniformity of the film are well controlled. More importantly, the resulting films exhibit enhanced dielectric properties compared to traditional inorganic or organic gate dielectrics. This study demonstrates the successful implementation of the rational design of metal-organic framework thin films on conductive supports with high-performance dielectric properties. The integration of porous metal-organic frameworks into devices for electronic applications is in its infancy. Here, the authors deposit metal-organic framework films onto conductive metal plate electrodes, and show that the resulting films exhibit enhanced dielectric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Mater, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (2011-iChEM), Xiamen 361005, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Mater, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Hua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Mater, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Fu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Mater, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Jian Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Mater, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Shui-Ying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Mater, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Chao He
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Mater, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Rong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Mater, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Hua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Mater, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
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44
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Arnold HN, Cress CD, McMorrow JJ, Schmucker SW, Sangwan VK, Jaber-Ansari L, Kumar R, Puntambekar KP, Luck KA, Marks TJ, Hersam MC. Tunable Radiation Response in Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Gate Dielectrics for Low-Voltage Graphene Electronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:5058-5064. [PMID: 26882215 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Solution-processed semiconductor and dielectric materials are attractive for future lightweight, low-voltage, flexible electronics, but their response to ionizing radiation environments is not well understood. Here, we investigate the radiation response of graphene field-effect transistors employing multilayer, solution-processed zirconia self-assembled nanodielectrics (Zr-SANDs) with ZrOx as a control. Total ionizing dose (TID) testing is carried out in situ using a vacuum ultraviolet source to a total radiant exposure (RE) of 23.1 μJ/cm(2). The data reveal competing charge density accumulation within and between the individual dielectric layers. Additional measurements of a modified Zr-SAND show that varying individual layer thicknesses within the gate dielectric tuned the TID response. This study thus establishes that the radiation response of graphene electronics can be tailored to achieve a desired radiation sensitivity by incorporating hybrid organic-inorganic gate dielectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cory D Cress
- Electronics Science & Technology Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | | | - Scott W Schmucker
- Electronics Science & Technology Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
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45
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Du H, Zhang W, Wang C, Niu Y, Hou H. A new nanocrystalline inorganic–organic hybrid exhibiting semiconducting properties and applications. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:2624-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04508h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A new nanocrystalline inorganic–organic hybrid semiconductor [(BV)2(Ag5Br9)]n (1) with an intriguing windmill-like 1-D [Ag5Br9]nn− polymeric chain was assembled. Great efforts were devoted to investigate its semiconducting properties and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijuan Du
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Chaohai Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Yunyin Niu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Hou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
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McMorrow JJ, Walker AR, Sangwan VK, Jariwala D, Hoffman E, Everaerts K, Facchetti A, Hersam MC, Marks TJ. Solution-Processed Self-Assembled Nanodielectrics on Template-Stripped Metal Substrates. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:26360-26366. [PMID: 26479833 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b07744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The coupling of hybrid organic-inorganic gate dielectrics with emergent unconventional semiconductors has yielded transistor devices exhibiting record-setting transport properties. However, extensive electronic transport measurements on these high-capacitance systems are often convoluted with the electronic response of the semiconducting silicon substrate. In this report, we demonstrate the growth of solution-processed zirconia self-assembled nanodielectrics (Zr-SAND) on template-stripped aluminum substrates. The resulting Zr-SAND on Al structures leverage the ultrasmooth (r.m.s. roughness <0.4 nm), chemically uniform nature of template-stripped metal substrates to demonstrate the same exceptional electronic uniformity (capacitance ∼700 nF cm(-2), leakage current <1 μA cm(-2) at -2 MV cm(-1)) and multilayer growth of Zr-SAND on Si, while exhibiting superior temperature and voltage capacitance responses. These results are important to conduct detailed transport measurements in emergent transistor technologies featuring SAND as well as for future applications in integrated circuits or flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Facchetti
- Polyera Corporation , 8045 Lamon Avenue, Skokie, Illinois 60077, United States
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47
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Kaliginedi V, Ozawa H, Kuzume A, Maharajan S, Pobelov IV, Kwon NH, Mohos M, Broekmann P, Fromm KM, Haga MA, Wandlowski T. Layer-by-layer grown scalable redox-active ruthenium-based molecular multilayer thin films for electrochemical applications and beyond. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:17685-17692. [PMID: 26352153 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr04087f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Here we report the first study on the electrochemical energy storage application of a surface-immobilized ruthenium complex multilayer thin film with anion storage capability. We employed a novel dinuclear ruthenium complex with tetrapodal anchoring groups to build well-ordered redox-active multilayer coatings on an indium tin oxide (ITO) surface using a layer-by-layer self-assembly process. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), UV-Visible (UV-Vis) and Raman spectroscopy showed a linear increase of peak current, absorbance and Raman intensities, respectively with the number of layers. These results indicate the formation of well-ordered multilayers of the ruthenium complex on ITO, which is further supported by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. The thickness of the layers can be controlled with nanometer precision. In particular, the thickest layer studied (65 molecular layers and approx. 120 nm thick) demonstrated fast electrochemical oxidation/reduction, indicating a very low attenuation of the charge transfer within the multilayer. In situ-UV-Vis and resonance Raman spectroscopy results demonstrated the reversible electrochromic/redox behavior of the ruthenium complex multilayered films on ITO with respect to the electrode potential, which is an ideal prerequisite for e.g. smart electrochemical energy storage applications. Galvanostatic charge-discharge experiments demonstrated a pseudocapacitor behavior of the multilayer film with a good specific capacitance of 92.2 F g(-1) at a current density of 10 μA cm(-2) and an excellent cycling stability. As demonstrated in our prototypical experiments, the fine control of physicochemical properties at nanometer scale, relatively good stability of layers under ambient conditions makes the multilayer coatings of this type an excellent material for e.g. electrochemical energy storage, as interlayers in inverted bulk heterojunction solar cell applications and as functional components in molecular electronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerabhadrarao Kaliginedi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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Siket CM, Bendova M, Mardare CC, Hubalek J, Bauer S, Hassel AW, Mardare AI. Interfacial Oxide Formation during Anodization of Hafnium/Aluminium Superimposed Layers. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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49
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Heitzer HM, Marks TJ, Ratner MA. Molecular Donor–Bridge–Acceptor Strategies for High-Capacitance Organic Dielectric Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:7189-96. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b03301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Henry M. Heitzer
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mark A. Ratner
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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50
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Baldwin AF, Huan TD, Ma R, Mannodi-Kanakkithodi A, Tefferi M, Katz N, Cao Y, Ramprasad R, Sotzing GA. Rational Design of Organotin Polyesters. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ma502424r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron F. Baldwin
- Polymer Program, University of Connecticut, 97 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Tran Doan Huan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, 97 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Rui Ma
- Polymer Program, University of Connecticut, 97 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Arun Mannodi-Kanakkithodi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, 97 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Mattewos Tefferi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, 97 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Nathan Katz
- Polymer Program, University of Connecticut, 97 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, 97 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Rampi Ramprasad
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, 97 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Gregory A. Sotzing
- Polymer Program, University of Connecticut, 97 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
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