1
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Kumar S, Biswas S, Rashid U, Mony KS, Chandrasekharan G, Mattiotti F, Vergauwe RMA, Hagenmuller D, Kaliginedi V, Thomas A. Extraordinary Electrical Conductance through Amorphous Nonconducting Polymers under Vibrational Strong Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38736166 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Enhancing the electrical conductance through amorphous nondoped polymers is challenging. Here, we show that vibrational strong coupling (VSC) of intrinsically nonconducting and amorphous polymers such as polystyrene, deuterated polystyrene, and poly(benzyl methacrylate) to the vacuum electromagnetic field of the cavity enhances the electrical conductivity by at least 6 orders of magnitude compared to the uncoupled polymers. Remarkably, the observed extraordinary conductance is vibrational mode selective and occurs only under the VSC of the aromatic C-H(D) out-of-plane bending modes of the polymers. The conductance is thermally activated at the onset of strong coupling and becomes temperature-independent as the collective strong coupling strength increases. The electrical characterizations are performed without external light excitation, demonstrating the role of vacuum electromagnetic field-matter strong coupling in enhancing long-range transport even in amorphous nonconducting polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560 012, India
| | - Subha Biswas
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560 012, India
| | - Umar Rashid
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560 012, India
| | - Kavya S Mony
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560 012, India
| | - Gokul Chandrasekharan
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560 012, India
| | - Francesco Mattiotti
- University of Strasbourg and CNRS, CESQ and ISIS (UMR 7006), 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Robrecht M A Vergauwe
- Nanoscience Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä FI-40014, Finland
| | - David Hagenmuller
- University of Strasbourg and CNRS, CESQ and ISIS (UMR 7006), 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Anoop Thomas
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560 012, India
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2
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Rashid U, Bro-Jørgensen W, Harilal KB, Sreelakshmi PA, Mondal RR, Chittari Pisharam V, Parida KN, Geetharani K, Hamill JM, Kaliginedi V. Chemistry of the Au-Thiol Interface through the Lens of Single-Molecule Flicker Noise Measurements. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9063-9073. [PMID: 38381861 PMCID: PMC10995995 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Chemistry of the Au-S interface at the nanoscale is one of the most complex systems to study, as the nature and strength of the Au-S bond change under different experimental conditions. In this study, using mechanically controlled break junction technique, we probed the conductance and analyzed Flicker noise for several aliphatic and aromatic thiol derivatives and thioethers. We demonstrate that Flicker noise can be used to unambiguously differentiate between stronger chemisorption (Au-SR) and weaker physisorption (Au-SRR') type interactions. The Flicker noise measurements indicate that the gold rearrangement in chemisorbed Au-SR junctions resembles that of the Au rearrangement in pure Au-Au metal contact breaking, which is independent of the molecular backbone structure and the resulting conductance. In contrast, thioethers showed the formation of a weaker physisorbed Au-SRR' type bond, and the Flicker noise measurement indicates the changes in the Au-anchoring group interface but not the Au-Au rearrangement like that in the Au-SR case. Additionally, by employing single-molecular conductance and Flicker noise analysis, we have probed the interfacial electric field-catalyzed ring-opening reaction of cyclic thioether under mild environmental conditions, which otherwise requires harsh chemical conditions for cleavage of the C-S bond. All of our conductance measurements are complemented by NEGF transport calculations. This study illustrates that the single-molecule conductance, together with the Flicker noise measurements can be used to tune and monitor chemical reactions at the single-molecule level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Rashid
- Department
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - William Bro-Jørgensen
- Department
of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University
of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken
5, DK-2100 Copenhagen
Ø, Denmark
| | - KB Harilal
- School
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science
Education and Research (IISER), Thiruvananthapuram 695551, Kerala, India
| | - PA Sreelakshmi
- Department
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Reetu Rani Mondal
- Department
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Varun Chittari Pisharam
- School
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science
Education and Research (IISER), Thiruvananthapuram 695551, Kerala, India
| | - Keshaba N. Parida
- School
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science
Education and Research (IISER), Thiruvananthapuram 695551, Kerala, India
| | - K. Geetharani
- Department
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Joseph M. Hamill
- Department
of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University
of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken
5, DK-2100 Copenhagen
Ø, Denmark
| | - Veerabhadrarao Kaliginedi
- Department
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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3
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Kumar R, Seth C, Venkatramani R, Kaliginedi V. Do quantum interference effects manifest in acyclic aliphatic molecules with anchoring groups? Nanoscale 2023; 15:15050-15058. [PMID: 37671581 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02140h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability to control single molecule electronic conductance is imperative for achieving functional molecular electronics applications such as insulation, switching, and energy conversion. Quantum interference (QI) effects are generally used to control electronic transmission through single molecular junctions by tuning the molecular structure or the position of the anchoring group(s) in the molecule. While previous studies focussed on the QI between σ and/or π channels of the molecular backbone, here, we show that single molecule electronic devices can be designed based on QI effects originating from the interactions of anchoring groups. Furthermore, while previous studies have concentrated on the QI mostly in conjugated/cyclic systems, our study showcases that QI effects can be harnessed even in the simplest acyclic aliphatic systems-alkanedithiols, alkanediamines, and alkanediselenols. We identify band gap state resonances in the transmission spectrum of these molecules whose positions and intensities depend on the chain length, and anchoring group sensitive QI between the nearly degenerate molecular orbitals localized on the anchoring groups. We predict that these QI features can be harnessed through an external mechanical stimulus to tune the charge transport properties of single molecules in the break-junction experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India.
| | - Charu Seth
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Ravindra Venkatramani
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India.
| | - Veerabhadrarao Kaliginedi
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore 560012, India.
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4
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Rashid U, Chatir E, Sandonas LM, Sreelakshmi PA, Dianat A, Gutierrez R, Cuniberti G, Cobo S, Kaliginedi V, Cobo S. Dithienylethene‐Based Single Molecular Photothermal Linear Actuator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202218767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Umar Rashid
- Indian Institute of Science Inorganic and Physical Chemistry INDIA
| | - Elarbi Chatir
- Universite de Grenoble 1: Universite Grenoble Alpes DCM UMR FRANCE
| | - Leonardo Medrano Sandonas
- University of Luxembourg: Universite du Luxembourg Department of Physics and Materials Science LUXEMBOURG
| | - PA Sreelakshmi
- IISc: Indian Institute of Science Inorganic and Physical Chemistry INDIA
| | - Arezoo Dianat
- TU Dresden: Technische Universitat Dresden Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials GERMANY
| | - Rafael Gutierrez
- TU Dresden: Technische Universitat Dresden Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials GERMANY
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- TU Dresden: Technische Universitat Dresden Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials GERMANY
| | - Saiao Cobo
- Université Grenoble 1: Universite Grenoble Alpes DCM UMR FRANCE
| | | | - Saioa Cobo
- Université Grenoble 1: Universite Grenoble Alpes CNRS, DCM UMR FRANCE
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5
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Rashid U, Chatir E, Medrano Sandonas L, Sreelakshmi PA, Dianat A, Gutierrez R, Cuniberti G, Cobo S, Kaliginedi V, Cobo S. Dithienylethene-Based Single Molecular Photothermal Linear Actuator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218767. [PMID: 36752105 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
By employing a mechanically controllable break junction technique, we have realized an ideal single molecular linear actuator based on dithienylethene (DTE) based molecular architecture, which undergoes reversible photothermal isomerization when subjected to UV irradiation under ambient conditions. As a result, open form (compressed, UV OFF) and closed form (elongated, UV ON) of dithienylethene-based molecular junctions are achieved. Interestingly, the mechanical actuation is achieved without changing the conductance of the molecular junction around the Fermi level over several cycles, which is an essential property required for an ideal single molecular actuator. Our study demonstrates a unique example of achieving a perfect balance between tunneling width and barrier height change upon photothermal isomerization, resulting in no change in conductance but a change in the molecular length, which results in mechanical actuation at the single molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Rashid
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry (IPC), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Elarbi Chatir
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | | | - P A Sreelakshmi
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry (IPC), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Arezoo Dianat
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rafael Gutierrez
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062, Dresden, Germany.,Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science and Center for Advancing Electronics, Dresden University of Technology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Saioa Cobo
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Veerabhadrarao Kaliginedi
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry (IPC), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Saioa Cobo
- Université Grenoble 1: Universite Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM UMR, FRANCE
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6
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Aggarwal A, Kaliginedi V, Maiti PK. Quantum Circuit Rules for Molecular Electronic Systems: Where Are We Headed Based on the Current Understanding of Quantum Interference, Thermoelectric, and Molecular Spintronics Phenomena? Nano Lett 2021; 21:8532-8544. [PMID: 34622657 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this minireview, we discuss important aspects of the various quantum phenomena (such as quantum interference, spin-dependent charge transport, and thermoelectric effects) relevant in single-molecule charge transport and list some of the basic circuit rules devised for different molecular systems. These quantum phenomena, in conjunction with the existing empirical circuit rules, can help in predicting some of the structure-property relationships in molecular circuits. However, a universal circuit law that predicts the charge transport properties of a molecular circuit has not been derived yet. Having such law(s) will help to design and build a complex molecular device leading to exciting unique applications that are not possible with the traditional silicon-based technologies. Based on the existing knowledge in the literature, here we open the discussion on the possible future research directions for deriving unified circuit law(s) to predict the charge transport in complex single-molecule circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Aggarwal
- Center for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Veerabhadrarao Kaliginedi
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Prabal K Maiti
- Center for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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7
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Akhtar A, Rashid U, Seth C, Kumar S, Broekmann P, Kaliginedi V. Modulating the charge transport in metal│molecule│metal junctions via electrochemical gating. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Aggarwal A, Sahoo AK, Bag S, Kaliginedi V, Jain M, Maiti PK. Fine-tuning the DNA conductance by intercalation of drug molecules. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:032411. [PMID: 33862831 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.032411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this work we study the structure-transport property relationships of small ligand intercalated DNA molecules using a multiscale modeling approach where extensive ab initio calculations are performed on numerous MD-simulated configurations of dsDNA and dsDNA intercalated with two different intercalators, ethidium and daunomycin. DNA conductance is found to increase by one order of magnitude upon drug intercalation due to the local unwinding of the DNA base pairs adjacent to the intercalated sites, which leads to modifications of the density of states in the near-Fermi-energy region of the ligand-DNA complex. Our study suggests that the intercalators can be used to enhance or tune the DNA conductance, which opens new possibilities for their potential applications in nanoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Aggarwal
- Center for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Anil Kumar Sahoo
- Center for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Saientan Bag
- Center for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Veerabhadrarao Kaliginedi
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Manish Jain
- Center for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Prabal K Maiti
- Center for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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9
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Atesci H, Kaliginedi V, Celis Gil JA, Ozawa H, Thijssen JM, Broekmann P, Haga MA, van der Molen SJ. Humidity-controlled rectification switching in ruthenium-complex molecular junctions. Nat Nanotechnol 2018; 13:117-121. [PMID: 29203913 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-017-0016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Although molecular rectifiers were proposed over four decades ago 1,2 , until recently reported rectification ratios (RR) were rather moderate 2-11 (RR ~ 101). This ceiling was convincingly broken using a eutectic GaIn top contact 12 to probe molecular monolayers of coupled ferrocene groups (RR ~ 105), as well as using scanning tunnelling microscopy-break junctions 13-16 and mechanically controlled break junctions 17 to probe single molecules (RR ~ 102-103). Here, we demonstrate a device based on a molecular monolayer in which the RR can be switched by more than three orders of magnitude (between RR ~ 100 and RR ≥ 103) in response to humidity. As the relative humidity is toggled between 5% and 60%, the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of a monolayer of di-nuclear Ru-complex molecules reversibly change from symmetric to strongly asymmetric (diode-like). Key to this behaviour is the presence of two localized molecular orbitals in series, which are nearly degenerate in dry circumstances but become misaligned under high humidity conditions, due to the displacement of counter ions (PF6-). This asymmetric gating of the two relevant localized molecular orbital levels results in humidity-controlled diode-like behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Atesci
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratorium, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Veerabhadrarao Kaliginedi
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratorium, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Jose A Celis Gil
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Hiroaki Ozawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Joseph M Thijssen
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Broekmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Masa-Aki Haga
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Sense Jan van der Molen
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratorium, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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10
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Rudnev AV, Kaliginedi V, Droghetti A, Ozawa H, Kuzume A, Haga MA, Broekmann P, Rungger I. Stable anchoring chemistry for room temperature charge transport through graphite-molecule contacts. Sci Adv 2017; 3:e1602297. [PMID: 28630901 PMCID: PMC5466367 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1602297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An open challenge for single-molecule electronics is to find stable contacts at room temperature with a well-defined conductance. Common coinage metal electrodes pose fabrication and operational problems due to the high mobility of the surface atoms. We demonstrate how molecules covalently grafted onto mechanically robust graphite/graphene substrates overcome these limitations. To this aim, we explore the effect of the anchoring group chemistry on the charge transport properties of graphite-molecule contacts by means of the scanning tunneling microscopy break-junction technique and ab initio simulations. Molecules adsorbed on graphite only via van der Waals interactions have a conductance that decreases exponentially upon stretching the junctions, whereas the molecules bonded covalently to graphite have a single well-defined conductance and yield contacts of unprecedented stability at room temperature. Our results demonstrate a strong bias dependence of the single-molecule conductance, which varies over more than one order of magnitude even at low bias voltages, and show an opposite rectification behavior for covalent and noncovalent contacts. We demonstrate that this bias-dependent conductance and opposite rectification behavior is due to a novel effect caused by the nonconstant, highly dispersive density of states of graphite around the Fermi energy and that the direction of rectification is governed by the detailed nature of the molecule/graphite contact. Combined with the prospect of new functionalities due to a strongly bias-dependent conductance, these covalent contacts are ideal candidates for next-generation molecular electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Rudnev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Veerabhadrarao Kaliginedi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Droghetti
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group, Department of Materials Science, Universidad del País Vasco, Avenida Tolosa 72, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Hiroaki Ozawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Kuzume
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Masa-aki Haga
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Peter Broekmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Rungger
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington TW11 0LW, UK
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11
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Roethlisberger P, Kaliginedi V, Leumann CJ. Corrigendum: Modulation of Excess Electron Transfer through LUMO Gradients in DNA Containing Phenanthrenyl Base Surrogates. Chemistry 2017; 23:4944. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Seth C, Kaliginedi V, Suravarapu S, Reber D, Hong W, Wandlowski T, Lafolet F, Broekmann P, Royal G, Venkatramani R. Conductance in a bis-terpyridine based single molecular breadboard circuit. Chem Sci 2017; 8:1576-1591. [PMID: 28451287 PMCID: PMC5359913 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc03204d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling charge flow in single molecule circuits with multiple electrical contacts and conductance pathways is a much sought after goal in molecular electronics. In this joint experimental and theoretical study, we advance the possibility of creating single molecule breadboard circuits through an analysis of the conductance of a bis-terpyridine based molecule (TP1). The TP1 molecule can adopt multiple conformations through relative rotations of 7 aromatic rings and can attach to electrodes in 61 possible single and multi-terminal configurations through 6 pyridyl groups. Despite this complexity, we show that it is possible to extract well defined conductance features for the TP1 breadboard and assign them rigorously to the underlying constituent circuits. Mechanically controllable break-junction (MCBJ) experiments on the TP1 molecular breadboard show an unprecedented 4 conductance states spanning a range 10 -2G0 to 10 -7G0. Quantitative theoretical examination of the conductance of TP1 reveals that combinations of 5 types of single terminal 2-5 ring subcircuits are accessed as a function of electrode separation to produce the distinct conductance steps observed in the MCBJ experiments. We estimate the absolute conductance for each single terminal subcircuit and its percentage contribution to the 4 experimentally observed conductance states. We also provide a detailed analysis of the role of quantum interference and thermal fluctuations in modulating conductance within the subcircuits of the TP1 molecular breadboard. Finally, we discuss the possible development of molecular circuit theory and experimental advances necessary for mapping conductance through complex single molecular breadboard circuits in terms of their constituent subcircuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charu Seth
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba , Mumbai 400 005 , India .
| | - Veerabhadrarao Kaliginedi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Bern , Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 , Bern , Switzerland .
| | - Sankarrao Suravarapu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Bern , Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 , Bern , Switzerland .
| | - David Reber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Bern , Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 , Bern , Switzerland .
| | - Wenjing Hong
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| | - Thomas Wandlowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Bern , Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 , Bern , Switzerland .
| | - Frédéric Lafolet
- Université Grenoble Alpes , Département de Chimie Moléculaire , UMR CNRS-5250 , Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble , FR CNRS-2607 , BP 53 , 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9 , France .
| | - Peter Broekmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Bern , Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 , Bern , Switzerland .
| | - Guy Royal
- Université Grenoble Alpes , Département de Chimie Moléculaire , UMR CNRS-5250 , Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble , FR CNRS-2607 , BP 53 , 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9 , France .
| | - Ravindra Venkatramani
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba , Mumbai 400 005 , India .
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13
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Hérault N, Kaliginedi V, Broekmann P, Fromm KM. TiO 2 nanocontainers and nanospheres as photocatalysts for CO 2 reduction and photoelectrochemical water splitting: structural modification. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273316098831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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14
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Ozawa H, Baghernejad M, Al-Owaedi OA, Kaliginedi V, Nagashima T, Ferrer J, Wandlowski T, García-Suárez VM, Broekmann P, Lambert CJ, Haga MA. Synthesis and Single-Molecule Conductance Study of Redox-Active Ruthenium Complexes with Pyridyl and Dihydrobenzo[b]thiophene Anchoring Groups. Chemistry 2016; 22:12732-40. [PMID: 27472889 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The ancillary ligands 4'-(4-pyridyl)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine and 4'-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]thiophene)-2,2'-6',2"-terpyridine were used to synthesize two series of mono- and dinuclear ruthenium complexes differing in their lengths and anchoring groups. The electrochemical and single-molecular conductance properties of these two series of ruthenium complexes were studied experimentally by means of cyclic voltammetry and the scanning tunneling microscopy-break junction technique (STM-BJ) and theoretically by means of density functional theory (DFT). Cyclic voltammetry data showed clear redox peaks corresponding to both the metal- and ligand-related redox reactions. Single-molecular conductance demonstrated an exponential decay of the molecular conductance with the increase in molecular length for both the series of ruthenium complexes, with decay constants of βPY =2.07±0.1 nm(-1) and βBT =2.16±0.1 nm(-1) , respectively. The contact resistance of complexes with 2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]thiophene (BT) anchoring groups is found to be smaller than the contact resistance of ruthenium complexes with pyridine (PY) anchors. DFT calculations support the experimental results and provided additional information on the electronic structure and charge transport properties in those metal|ruthenium complex|metal junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Ozawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, 112-8551, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masoud Baghernejad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freistrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Oday A Al-Owaedi
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK. .,Department of Laser Physics, Women Faculty of Science, Babylon University, Hillah, Iraq.
| | - Veerabhadrarao Kaliginedi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freistrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Takumi Nagashima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, 112-8551, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jaime Ferrer
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Oviedo and CINN, 33007, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Thomas Wandlowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freistrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Peter Broekmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freistrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Colin J Lambert
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
| | - Masa-Aki Haga
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, 112-8551, Tokyo, Japan.
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15
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Durst J, Rudnev A, Dutta A, Fu Y, Herranz J, Kaliginedi V, Kuzume A, Permyakova AA, Paratcha Y, Broekmann P, Schmidt TJ. Electrochemical CO2 Reduction – A Critical View on Fundamentals, Materials and Applications. Chimia (Aarau) 2015; 69:769-776. [DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2015.769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Durst
- Electrochemistry Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
| | - Alexander Rudnev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Abhijit Dutta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yongchun Fu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Juan Herranz
- Electrochemistry Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Veerabhadrarao Kaliginedi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Akiyoshi Kuzume
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Yohan Paratcha
- Electrochemistry Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Peter Broekmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas J. Schmidt
- Electrochemistry Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland; Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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16
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Kaliginedi V, Ozawa H, Kuzume A, Maharajan S, Pobelov IV, Kwon NH, Mohos M, Broekmann P, Fromm KM, Haga MA, Wandlowski T. Layer-by-layer grown scalable redox-active ruthenium-based molecular multilayer thin films for electrochemical applications and beyond. Nanoscale 2015; 7:17685-17692. [PMID: 26352153 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr04087f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Here we report the first study on the electrochemical energy storage application of a surface-immobilized ruthenium complex multilayer thin film with anion storage capability. We employed a novel dinuclear ruthenium complex with tetrapodal anchoring groups to build well-ordered redox-active multilayer coatings on an indium tin oxide (ITO) surface using a layer-by-layer self-assembly process. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), UV-Visible (UV-Vis) and Raman spectroscopy showed a linear increase of peak current, absorbance and Raman intensities, respectively with the number of layers. These results indicate the formation of well-ordered multilayers of the ruthenium complex on ITO, which is further supported by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. The thickness of the layers can be controlled with nanometer precision. In particular, the thickest layer studied (65 molecular layers and approx. 120 nm thick) demonstrated fast electrochemical oxidation/reduction, indicating a very low attenuation of the charge transfer within the multilayer. In situ-UV-Vis and resonance Raman spectroscopy results demonstrated the reversible electrochromic/redox behavior of the ruthenium complex multilayered films on ITO with respect to the electrode potential, which is an ideal prerequisite for e.g. smart electrochemical energy storage applications. Galvanostatic charge-discharge experiments demonstrated a pseudocapacitor behavior of the multilayer film with a good specific capacitance of 92.2 F g(-1) at a current density of 10 μA cm(-2) and an excellent cycling stability. As demonstrated in our prototypical experiments, the fine control of physicochemical properties at nanometer scale, relatively good stability of layers under ambient conditions makes the multilayer coatings of this type an excellent material for e.g. electrochemical energy storage, as interlayers in inverted bulk heterojunction solar cell applications and as functional components in molecular electronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerabhadrarao Kaliginedi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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17
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Fu Y, Chen S, Kuzume A, Rudnev A, Huang C, Kaliginedi V, Baghernejad M, Hong W, Wandlowski T, Decurtins S, Liu SX. Exploitation of desilylation chemistry in tailor-made functionalization on diverse surfaces. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6403. [PMID: 25758661 PMCID: PMC4382705 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Interface engineering to attain a uniform and compact self-assembled monolayer at atomically flat surfaces plays a crucial role in the bottom-up fabrication of organic molecular devices. Here we report a promising and operationally simple approach for modification/functionalization not only at ultraflat single-crystal metal surfaces, M(111) (M=Au, Pt, Pd, Rh and Ir) but also at the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surface, upon efficient in situ cleavage of trimethylsilyl end groups of the molecules. The obtained self-assembled monolayers are ultrastable within a wide potential window. The carbon-surface bonding on various substrates is confirmed by shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Application of this strategy in tuning surface wettability is also demonstrated. The most valuable finding is that a combination of the desilylation with the click chemistry represents an efficient method for covalent and tailor-made functionalization of diverse surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchun Fu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Songjie Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Akiyoshi Kuzume
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Rudnev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cancan Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Masoud Baghernejad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wenjing Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Wandlowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Silvio Decurtins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Shi-Xia Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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18
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Baghernejad M, Zhao X, Baruël Ørnsø K, Füeg M, Moreno-García P, Rudnev AV, Kaliginedi V, Vesztergom S, Huang C, Hong W, Broekmann P, Wandlowski T, Thygesen KS, Bryce MR. Electrochemical control of single-molecule conductance by Fermi-level tuning and conjugation switching. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:17922-5. [PMID: 25494539 DOI: 10.1021/ja510335z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Controlling charge transport through a single molecule connected to metallic electrodes remains one of the most fundamental challenges of nanoelectronics. Here we use electrochemical gating to reversibly tune the conductance of two different organic molecules, both containing anthraquinone (AQ) centers, over >1 order of magnitude. For electrode potentials outside the redox-active region, the effect of the gate is simply to shift the molecular energy levels relative to the metal Fermi level. At the redox potential, the conductance changes abruptly as the AQ unit is oxidized/reduced with an accompanying change in the conjugation pattern between linear and cross conjugation. The most significant change in conductance is observed when the electron pathway connecting the two electrodes is via the AQ unit. This is consistent with the expected occurrence of destructive quantum interference in that case. The experimental results are supported by an excellent agreement with ab initio transport calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Baghernejad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern , Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
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19
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Kaliginedi V, V. Rudnev A, Moreno-García P, Baghernejad M, Huang C, Hong W, Wandlowski T. Promising anchoring groups for single-molecule conductance measurements. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:23529-39. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp03605k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Qualitative and quantitative comparison of the results obtained with different anchoring groups reveals structural and mechanistic details of the different types of single molecular junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Masoud Baghernejad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cancan Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wenjing Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Wandlowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- Bern, Switzerland
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20
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Baghernejad M, Manrique DZ, Li C, Pope T, Zhumaev U, Pobelov I, Moreno-García P, Kaliginedi V, Huang C, Hong W, Lambert C, Wandlowski T. Highly-effective gating of single-molecule junctions: an electrochemical approach. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:15975-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc06519k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We report an electrochemical gating approach with ∼100% efficiency to tune the conductance of single-molecule 4,4′-bipyridine junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Baghernejad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Chen Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Pope
- Department of Physics
- Lancaster University
- Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Ulmas Zhumaev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ilya Pobelov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Cancan Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wenjing Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- Bern, Switzerland
| | - Colin Lambert
- Department of Physics
- Lancaster University
- Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Wandlowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- Bern, Switzerland
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21
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Kolivoska V, Moreno-García P, Kaliginedi V, Hong W, Mayor M, Weibel N, Wandlowski T. Electron transport through catechol-functionalized molecular rods. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Moreno-García P, Gulcur M, Manrique DZ, Pope T, Hong W, Kaliginedi V, Huang C, Batsanov AS, Bryce MR, Lambert C, Wandlowski T. Single-Molecule Conductance of Functionalized Oligoynes: Length Dependence and Junction Evolution. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:12228-40. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4015293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Moreno-García
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse
3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
- Instituto de Física, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Apartado Postal J-48, Puebla
72570, México
| | - Murat Gulcur
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | | | - Thomas Pope
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Wenjing Hong
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse
3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Veerabhadrarao Kaliginedi
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse
3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cancan Huang
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse
3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrei S. Batsanov
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Martin R. Bryce
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Lambert
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Wandlowski
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse
3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
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23
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Roldan D, Kaliginedi V, Cobo S, Kolivoska V, Bucher C, Hong W, Royal G, Wandlowski T. Charge Transport in Photoswitchable Dimethyldihydropyrene-Type Single-Molecule Junctions. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:5974-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja401484j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Roldan
- Département de Chimie
Moléculaire, UMR CNRS-5250, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire
de Grenoble, FR CNRS-2607, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble I, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Veerabhadrarao Kaliginedi
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse
3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Saioa Cobo
- Département de Chimie
Moléculaire, UMR CNRS-5250, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire
de Grenoble, FR CNRS-2607, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble I, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Viliam Kolivoska
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse
3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Bucher
- Département de Chimie
Moléculaire, UMR CNRS-5250, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire
de Grenoble, FR CNRS-2607, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble I, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie, UMR CNRS-5182, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée
d’Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Wenjing Hong
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse
3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Guy Royal
- Département de Chimie
Moléculaire, UMR CNRS-5250, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire
de Grenoble, FR CNRS-2607, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble I, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Thomas Wandlowski
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse
3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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24
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Hong W, Li H, Liu SX, Fu Y, Li J, Kaliginedi V, Decurtins S, Wandlowski T. Trimethylsilyl-terminated oligo(phenylene ethynylene)s: an approach to single-molecule junctions with covalent Au-C σ-bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:19425-31. [PMID: 23126569 DOI: 10.1021/ja307544w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A new and efficient approach using cleaving of trimethylsilyl groups to create covalent Au-C anchoring sites has been developed for single-molecule junction conductance measurements. Employing the mechanically controllable break junction (MCBJ) technique in liquid, we demonstrate the formation of highly conducting single molecular junctions of several OPE derivatives. The created junctions are mechanically stable and exhibit conductances around one order of magnitude higher than those of their dithiol analogues. Extended assembly and reaction times lead to oligomerization. Combined STM imaging and gap-mode Raman experiments provide structure evidence to support the formation of covalent Au-C contacts and further oligomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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25
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Kaliginedi V, Moreno-García P, Valkenier H, Hong W, García-Suárez VM, Buiter P, Otten JLH, Hummelen JC, Lambert CJ, Wandlowski T. Correlations between Molecular Structure and Single-Junction Conductance: A Case Study with Oligo(phenylene-ethynylene)-Type Wires. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:5262-75. [DOI: 10.1021/ja211555x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veerabhadrarao Kaliginedi
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Berne, Freiestrasse
3, CH-3012 Berne, Switzerland
| | - Pavel Moreno-García
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Berne, Freiestrasse
3, CH-3012 Berne, Switzerland
- Instituto de Física, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Apartado Postal J-48, Puebla
72570, Mexico
| | | | - Wenjing Hong
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Berne, Freiestrasse
3, CH-3012 Berne, Switzerland
| | - Víctor M. García-Suárez
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Oviedo and CINN (CSIC), ES-33007 Oviedo,
Spain
| | | | | | | | - Colin J. Lambert
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Wandlowski
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Berne, Freiestrasse
3, CH-3012 Berne, Switzerland
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