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Merchán A, Ramírez-López P, Martínez C, Suárez JR, Perona A, Hernáiz MJ. Exploring Rigid and Flexible Scaffolds to Develop Potent Glucuronic Acid Glycodendrimers for Dengue Virus Inhibition. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:34-42. [PMID: 37964742 PMCID: PMC10797590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Multivalent glycodendrimers are valuable tools for studying carbohydrate-protein interactions, and their scaffolds represent important components to increase specificity and affinity. Previous work by our group described the preparation of a tetravalent glucuronic acid rigid dendron that binds with good affinity to the dengue virus envelope protein (KD = 22 μM). Herein, the chemical synthesis and binding analysis of three new sets of rigid, semirigid, and flexible glucuronic acid-based dendrimers bearing different levels of multivalency and their interactions with the dengue virus envelope protein are described. The different oligoalkynyl scaffolds were coupled to glucuronic acid azides by a copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction through optimized synthetic strategies to afford the desired glycodendrimers with good yields. Surface plasmon resonance studies have demonstrated that glycodendrimers 12b and 12c, with flexible scaffolds, give the best binding interactions with the dengue virus envelope protein (12b: KD = 0.487 μM and 12c: KD = 0.624 μM). Their binding constant values were 45 and 35 times higher than the one obtained in previous studies with a rigid tetravalent glucuronic acid dendron (KD = 22 μM), respectively. Molecular modeling studies were carried out in order to understand the difference in behavior observed for 12b and 12c. This work reports an efficient glycodendrimer chemical synthesis process that provides an appropriate scaffold that offers an easy and versatile strategy to find new active compounds against the dengue virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Merchán
- Departamento de Química
en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plz. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid, C.P. 28040, España
| | - Pedro Ramírez-López
- Departamento de Química
en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plz. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid, C.P. 28040, España
| | - Carlos Martínez
- Departamento de Química
en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plz. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid, C.P. 28040, España
| | - José Ramón Suárez
- Departamento de Química
en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plz. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid, C.P. 28040, España
| | - Almudena Perona
- Departamento de Química
en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plz. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid, C.P. 28040, España
| | - María J. Hernáiz
- Departamento de Química
en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plz. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid, C.P. 28040, España
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2
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Fantini J, Azzaz F, Chahinian H, Yahi N. Electrostatic Surface Potential as a Key Parameter in Virus Transmission and Evolution: How to Manage Future Virus Pandemics in the Post-COVID-19 Era. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020284. [PMID: 36851498 PMCID: PMC9964723 DOI: 10.3390/v15020284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Virus-cell interactions involve fundamental parameters that need to be considered in strategies implemented to control viral outbreaks. Among these, the surface electrostatic potential can give valuable information to deal with new epidemics. In this article, we describe the role of this key parameter in the hemagglutination of red blood cells and in the co-evolution of synaptic receptors and neurotransmitters. We then establish the functional link between lipid rafts and the electrostatic potential of viruses, with special emphasis on gangliosides, which are sialic-acid-containing, electronegatively charged plasma membrane components. We describe the common features of ganglioside binding domains, which include a wide variety of structures with little sequence homology but that possess key amino acids controlling ganglioside recognition. We analyze the role of the electrostatic potential in the transmission and intra-individual evolution of HIV-1 infections, including gatekeeper and co-receptor switch mechanisms. We show how to organize the epidemic surveillance of influenza viruses by focusing on mutations affecting the hemagglutinin surface potential. We demonstrate that the electrostatic surface potential, by modulating spike-ganglioside interactions, controls the hemagglutination properties of coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2) as well as the structural dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 evolution. We relate the broad-spectrum antiviral activity of repositioned molecules to their ability to disrupt virus-raft interactions, challenging the old concept that an antibiotic or anti-parasitic cannot also be an antiviral. We propose a new concept based on the analysis of the electrostatic surface potential to develop, in real time, therapeutic and vaccine strategies adapted to each new viral epidemic.
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3
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Carbohydrates: Binding Sites and Potential Drug Targets for Neural-Affecting Pathogens. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 29:449-477. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12390-0_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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4
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Rodríguez-Izquierdo I, Sepúlveda-Crespo D, Lasso JM, Resino S, Muñoz-Fernández MÁ. Baseline and time-updated factors in preclinical development of anionic dendrimers as successful anti-HIV-1 vaginal microbicides. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1774. [PMID: 35018739 PMCID: PMC9285063 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although a wide variety of topical microbicides provide promising in vitro and in vivo efficacy, most of them failed to prevent sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) in human clinical trials. In vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models must be optimized, considering the knowledge acquired from unsuccessful and successful clinical trials to improve the current gaps and the preclinical development protocols. To date, dendrimers are the only nanotool that has advanced to human clinical trials as topical microbicides to prevent HIV‐1 transmission. This fact demonstrates the importance and the potential of these molecules as microbicides. Polyanionic dendrimers are highly branched nanocompounds with potent activity against HIV‐1 that disturb HIV‐1 entry. Herein, the most significant advancements in topical microbicide development, trying to mimic the real‐life conditions as closely as possible, are discussed. This review also provides the preclinical assays that anionic dendrimers have passed as microbicides because they can improve current antiviral treatments' efficacy. This article is categorized under:Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Regulatory and Policy Issues in Nanomedicine
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Sepúlveda-Crespo
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Salvador Resino
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ma Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Spanish HIV HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain.,Section of Immunology, Laboratorio InmunoBiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
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5
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Falanga A, Del Genio V, Galdiero S. Peptides and Dendrimers: How to Combat Viral and Bacterial Infections. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:101. [PMID: 33466852 PMCID: PMC7830367 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The alarming growth of antimicrobial resistance and recent viral pandemic events have enhanced the need for novel approaches through innovative agents that are mainly able to attach to the external layers of bacteria and viruses, causing permanent damage. Antimicrobial molecules are potent broad-spectrum agents with a high potential as novel therapeutics. In this context, antimicrobial peptides, cell penetrating peptides, and antiviral peptides play a major role, and have been suggested as promising solutions. Furthermore, dendrimers are to be considered as suitable macromolecules for the development of advanced nanosystems that are able to complement the typical properties of dendrimers with those of peptides. This review focuses on the description of nanoplatforms constructed with peptides and dendrimers, and their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarita Falanga
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via dell’Università 100, 80100 Portici, Italy
| | - Valentina Del Genio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Stefania Galdiero
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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6
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Datta LP, Manchineella S, Govindaraju T. Biomolecules-derived biomaterials. Biomaterials 2020; 230:119633. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Iqbal Z, Dilnawaz F. Nanocarriers For Vaginal Drug Delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 13:3-15. [PMID: 30767755 DOI: 10.2174/1872211313666190215141507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaginal drug delivery approach represents one of the imperative strategies for local and systemic delivery of drugs. The peculiar dense vascular networks, mucus permeability, and range of physiological characteristics of the vaginal cavity have been exploited for therapeutic benefit. Furthermore, the vaginal drug delivery has been curtailed due to the influence of different physiological factors like acidic pH, constant cervical secretion, microflora, cyclic changes during periods along with turnover of mucus of varying thickness. OBJECTIVE This review highlights advancement of nanomedicine and its prospective progress towards the clinic. METHODS Relevant literature reports and patents related to topics are retrieved and used. RESULT The extensive literature search and patent revealed that nanocarriers are efficacious over conventional treatment approaches. CONCLUSION Recently, nanotechnology based drug delivery approach has promised better therapeutic outcomes by providing enhanced permeation and sustained drug release activity. Different nanoplatforms based on drugs, peptides, proteins, antigens, hormones, nucleic material, and microbicides are gaining momentum for vaginal therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeenat Iqbal
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Fahima Dilnawaz
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar -751023, Odisha, India
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8
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Advances in drug delivery, gene delivery and therapeutic agents based on dendritic materials. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:1791-1810. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers are synthetic polymers that grow in three dimensions into well-defined structures. Their morphological appearance resembles a number of trees connected by a common point. Dendritic nanoparticles have been studied for a large number of pharmaceutical and biomedical applications including gene and drug delivery, clinical diagnosis and MRI. Despite the application of dendrimers, research is still in its childhood in comparison with liposomes and other nanomaterials. They are now playing a key role in several therapeutic strategies, with dendrimer-based products in clinical trials. The aim of this review is to describe the state-of-the-art of biomedical applications of dendrimers – and dendrimer conjugates – such as drug and gene delivery and antiviral activity.
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Quadir M, Fehse S, Multhaup G, Haag R. Hyperbranched Polyglycerol Derivatives as Prospective Copper Nanotransporter Candidates. Molecules 2018; 23:E1281. [PMID: 29861466 PMCID: PMC6100100 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperbranched polyglycerol (hPG) has been used as a multivalent scaffold to develop a series of nanocarriers capable of high-affinity encapsulation of copper (Cu). A rationally selected set of Cu-complexing motifs has been conjugated to hPG hydroxyl groups to render the constructs potentially usable as exogenous sources of Cu for addressing different pathological conditions associated with Cu-deficiency. We have utilized a newly discovered route to attach Cu-binding domains exclusively within a hPG core by selective differentiation between the primary and secondary hydroxyl groups of the polyol. These hPG-derivatives were found to form a stable complex with Cu ions depending on the type of immobilized ligands and corresponding degree of functionalization. In addition, these Cu-bearing nano-complexes demonstrated moderately cationic surface charge resulting in adjustable protein-binding characteristics and low cellular toxicity profile. We envision that these Cu-loaded hPG nanocarriers can be used as a stable platform to transport the metal ion across the systemic circulation to supply bioavailable quantity of Cu in disease-afflicted tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohiuddin Quadir
- Department of Coatings and Polymeric Materials, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA.
| | - Susanne Fehse
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany.
| | - Gerhard Multhaup
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada.
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany.
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10
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FUKUDA T, MIURA Y. Biofunctional Characteristics of Dendritic Glycocluster Modified Surfaces. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2017. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.2016-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro FUKUDA
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Toyama College
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Yoshiko MIURA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University
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11
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Sepúlveda-Crespo D, Ceña-Díez R, Jiménez JL, Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández M. Mechanistic Studies of Viral Entry: An Overview of Dendrimer-Based Microbicides As Entry Inhibitors Against Both HIV and HSV-2 Overlapped Infections. Med Res Rev 2016; 37:149-179. [PMID: 27518199 DOI: 10.1002/med.21405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of the development of different dendrimers, mainly polyanionic, against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and genital herpes (HSV-2) as topical microbicides targeting the viral entry process. Vaginal topical microbicides to prevent sexually transmitted infections such as HIV and HSV-2 are urgently needed. To inhibit HIV/HSV-2 entry processes, new preventive targets have been established to maximize the current therapies against wild-type and drug-resistant viruses. The entry of HIV/HSV-2 into target cells is a multistep process that triggers a cascade of molecular interactions between viral envelope proteins and cell surface receptors. Polyanionic dendrimers are highly branched nanocompounds with potent activity against HIV/HSV-2. Inhibitors of each entry step have been identified with regard to generations and surface groups, and possible roles for these agents in anti-HIV/HSV-2 therapies have also been discussed. Four potential binding sites for impeding HIV infection (HSPG, DC-SIGN, GSL, and CD4/gp120 inhibitors) and HSV-2 infection (HS, gB, gD, and gH/gL inhibitors) exist according to their mechanisms of action and structures. This review clarifies that inhibition of HIV/HSV-2 entry continues to be a promising target for drug development because nanotechnology can transform the field of HIV/HSV-2 prevention by improving the efficacy of the currently available antiviral treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sepúlveda-Crespo
- Laboratorio InmunoBiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Spanish HIV-HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Ceña-Díez
- Laboratorio InmunoBiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Spanish HIV-HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Jiménez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Spanish HIV-HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.,Plataforma de Laboratorio, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ma Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández
- Laboratorio InmunoBiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Spanish HIV-HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
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12
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Delbianco M, Bharate P, Varela-Aramburu S, Seeberger PH. Carbohydrates in Supramolecular Chemistry. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1693-752. [PMID: 26702928 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are involved in a variety of biological processes. The ability of sugars to form a large number of hydrogen bonds has made them important components for supramolecular chemistry. We discuss recent advances in the use of carbohydrates in supramolecular chemistry and reveal that carbohydrates are useful building blocks for the stabilization of complex architectures. Systems are presented according to the scaffold that supports the glyco-conjugate: organic macrocycles, dendrimers, nanomaterials, and polymers are considered. Glyco-conjugates can form host-guest complexes, and can self-assemble by using carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions and other weak interactions such as π-π interactions. Finally, complex supramolecular architectures based on carbohydrate-protein interactions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Delbianco
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Priya Bharate
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Silvia Varela-Aramburu
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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13
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Li J, Yu F, Chen Y, Oupický D. Polymeric drugs: Advances in the development of pharmacologically active polymers. J Control Release 2015; 219:369-382. [PMID: 26410809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic polymers play a critical role in pharmaceutical discovery and development. Current research and applications of pharmaceutical polymers are mainly focused on their functions as excipients and inert carriers of other pharmacologically active agents. This review article surveys recent advances in alternative pharmaceutical use of polymers as pharmacologically active agents known as polymeric drugs. Emphasis is placed on the benefits of polymeric drugs that are associated with their macromolecular character and their ability to explore biologically relevant multivalency processes. We discuss the main therapeutic uses of polymeric drugs as sequestrants, antimicrobials, antivirals, and anticancer and anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Fei Yu
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Yi Chen
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - David Oupický
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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14
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Sepúlveda-Crespo D, Gómez R, De La Mata FJ, Jiménez JL, Muñoz-Fernández MÁ. Polyanionic carbosilane dendrimer-conjugated antiviral drugs as efficient microbicides: Recent trends and developments in HIV treatment/therapy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 11:1481-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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15
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Appelhans D, Klajnert-Maculewicz B, Janaszewska A, Lazniewska J, Voit B. Dendritic glycopolymers based on dendritic polyamine scaffolds: view on their synthetic approaches, characteristics and potential for biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:3968-96. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00339j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The potential of dendritic glycopolymers based on dendritic polyamine scaffolds for biomedical applications is presented and compared with that of the structurally related anti-adhesive dendritic glycoconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V
- 01069 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Barbara Klajnert-Maculewicz
- Department of General Biophysics
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection
- University of Lodz
- 90-236 Lodz
- Poland
| | - Anna Janaszewska
- Department of General Biophysics
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection
- University of Lodz
- 90-236 Lodz
- Poland
| | - Joanna Lazniewska
- Department of General Biophysics
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection
- University of Lodz
- 90-236 Lodz
- Poland
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V
- 01069 Dresden
- Germany
- Organic Chemistry of Polymers
- Technische Universität Dresden
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16
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Danial M, Klok HA. Polymeric anti-HIV therapeutics. Macromol Biosci 2014; 15:9-35. [PMID: 25185484 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201400298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The scope of this review is to highlight the application of polymer therapeutics in an effort to curb the transmission and infection of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Following a description of the HIV life cycle, the use of approved antiretroviral drugs that inhibit critical steps in the HIV infection process is highlighted. After that, a comprehensive overview of the structure and inhibitory properties of polymeric anti-HIV therapeutic agents is presented. This overview will include inhibitors based on polysaccharides, synthetic polymers, dendritic polymers, polymer conjugates as well as polymeric DC-SIGN antagonists. The review will conclude with a section that discusses the applications of polymers and polymer conjugates as systemic and topical anti-HIV therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Danial
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland.
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17
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Ensign LM, Cone R, Hanes J. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery to the vagina: a review. J Control Release 2014; 190:500-14. [PMID: 24830303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Vaginal drug administration can improve prophylaxis and treatment of many conditions affecting the female reproductive tract, including sexually transmitted diseases, fungal and bacterial infections, and cancer. However, achieving sustained local drug concentrations in the vagina can be challenging, due to the high permeability of the vaginal epithelium and expulsion of conventional soluble drug dosage forms. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery platforms have received considerable attention for vaginal drug delivery, as nanoparticles can provide sustained release, cellular targeting, and even intrinsic antimicrobial or adjuvant properties that can improve the potency and/or efficacy of prophylactic and therapeutic modalities. Here, we review the use of polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers, and inorganic nanoparticles for vaginal drug delivery. Although most of the work toward nanoparticle-based drug delivery in the vagina has been focused on HIV prevention, strategies for treatment and prevention of other sexually transmitted infections, treatment for reproductive tract cancer, and treatment of fungal and bacterial infections are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Ensign
- Center for Nanomedicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Baltimore 21231, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Baltimore 21231, USA.
| | - Richard Cone
- Center for Nanomedicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Baltimore 21231, USA; Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore 21218, USA
| | - Justin Hanes
- Center for Nanomedicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Baltimore 21231, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Baltimore 21231, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore 21205, USA; Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore 21218, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore 21287, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore 21287, USA
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A review of nanotechnological approaches for the prophylaxis of HIV/AIDS. Biomaterials 2013; 34:6202-28. [PMID: 23726227 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Successful treatment and control of HIV/AIDS is one of the biggest challenges of 21st century. More than 33 million individuals are infected with HIV worldwide and more than 2 million new cases of HIV infection have been reported. The situation demands development of effective prevention strategies to control the pandemic of AIDS. Due to lack of availability of an effective HIV vaccine, antiretroviral drugs and nucleic acid therapeutics like siRNA have been explored for HIV prophylaxis. Clinical trials shave shown that antiretroviral drugs, tenofovir and emtricitabine can offer some degree of HIV prevention. However, complete prevention of HIV infection has not been achieved yet. Nanotechnology has brought a paradigm shift in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of many diseases. The current review discusses potential of various nanocarriers such as dendrimers, polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, lipid nanocarriers, drug nanocrystals, inorganic nanocarriers and nanofibers in improving efficacy of various modalities available for HIV prophylaxis.
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Abstract
Dendrimers constitute an intriguing class of macromolecules which find applications in a variety of areas including biology. These hyperbranched macromolecules with tailored backbone and surface groups have been extensively investigated as nanocarriers for gene and drug delivery, by molecular encapsulation or covalent conjugation. Dendrimers have provided an excellent platform to develop multivalent and multifunctional nanoconjugates incorporating a variety of functional groups including drugs which are known to be anti-inflammatory agents. Recently, dendrimers have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties themselves. This unexpected and intriguing discovery has provided an additional impetus in designing novel active pharmaceutical agents. In this review, we highlight some of the recent developments in the field of dendrimers as nanoscale anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod K. Avti
- Montreal Heart Institute, Canada; École Polytechnique de Montreál, Canada; McGill University, Canada
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Gingras M, Chabre YM, Roy M, Roy R. How do multivalent glycodendrimers benefit from sulfur chemistry? Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:4823-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60090d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Choi SK, Thomas TP, Leroueil P, Kotlyar A, Van Der Spek AFL, Baker JR. Specific and cooperative interactions between oximes and PAMAM dendrimers as demonstrated by (1)H NMR study. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:10387-97. [PMID: 22871033 DOI: 10.1021/jp305867v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Oximes are important in the treatment of organophosphate (OP) poisoning, but have limited biological half-lives. Complexing these drugs with a macromolecule, such as a dendrimer, could improve their pharmacokinetics. The present study investigates the intermolecular interactions that drive the complexation of oxime-based drug molecules with fifth generation poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers. We performed steady-state binding studies of two molecules, pralidoxime and obidoxime, employing multiple NMR methods, including 1D titration, (1)H-(1)H 2D spectroscopy (COSY, NOESY), and (1)H diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY). Several important insights were gained in understanding the host-guest interactions occurring between the drug molecules and the polymer. First, the guest molecules bind to the dendrimer macromolecule through a specific interaction rather than through random, hydrophobic encapsulation. Second, this specificity is driven primarily by the electrostatic or H-bond interaction of the oxime at a dendrimer amine site. Also, the average strength for each drug and dendrimer interaction is affected by the surface modification of the polymer. Third, individual binding events between oximes and a dendrimer have a negative cooperative effect on subsequent oxime binding. In summary, this report provides a novel perspective important for designing host systems for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Ki Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences , ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, and §Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Abstract
Explorations of the therapeutic potential of heparin mimetics, anionic compounds that are analogues of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), have gone hand-in-hand with the emergence of understanding as to the role of GAGs in many essential biological processes. A myriad of structurally different heparin mimetics have been prepared and examined in many diverse applications. They range in complexity from heterogeneous polysaccharides that have been chemically sulphated to well-defined compounds, designed in part to mimic the natural ligand, but with binding specificity and potency increased by conjugation to non-carbohydrate pharmacophores. The maturity of the field is illustrated by the seven heparin mimetics that have achieved marketing approval and there are several more in late-stage clinical development. An overview of the structural determinants of heparin mimetics is presented together with an indication of their activities. The challenges in developing heparin mimetics as drugs, specificity and potential toxicity issues, are highlighted. Finally, the development path of three structurally very different mimetics, PI-88(®), GMI-1070 and RGTAs, each of which is in clinical trials, is described.
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Tantakitti F, Burk-Rafel J, Cheng F, Egnatchik R, Owen T, Hoffman M, Weiss DN, Ratner DM. Nanoscale clustering of carbohydrate thiols in mixed self-assembled monolayers on gold. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:6950-9. [PMID: 22435511 PMCID: PMC3350752 DOI: 10.1021/la300444h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) bearing pendant carbohydrate functionality are frequently employed to tailor glycan-specific bioactivity onto gold substrates. The resulting glycoSAMs are valuable for interrogating glycan-mediated biological interactions via surface analytical techniques, microarrays, and label-free biosensors. GlycoSAM composition can be readily modified during assembly by using mixed solutions containing thiolated species, including carbohydrates, oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG), and other inert moieties. This intrinsic tunability of the self-assembled system is frequently used to optimize bioavailability and antibiofouling properties of the resulting SAM. However, until now, our nanoscale understanding of the behavior of these mixed glycoSAMs has lacked detail. In this study, we examined the time-dependent clustering of mixed sugar + OEG glycoSAMs on ultraflat gold substrates. Composition and surface morphologic changes in the monolayers were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. We provide evidence that the observed clustering is consistent with a phase separation process in which surface-bound glycans self-associate to form dense glycoclusters within the monolayer. These observations have significant implications for the construction of mixed glycoSAMs for use in biosensing and glycomics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faifan Tantakitti
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th AVE NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. (Faifan Tantakitti); (Jesse Burk-Rafel); (Fang Cheng); (Robert Egnatchik); (Tate Owen); (Daniel M. Ratner)
| | - Jesse Burk-Rafel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th AVE NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. (Faifan Tantakitti); (Jesse Burk-Rafel); (Fang Cheng); (Robert Egnatchik); (Tate Owen); (Daniel M. Ratner)
| | - Fang Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th AVE NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. (Faifan Tantakitti); (Jesse Burk-Rafel); (Fang Cheng); (Robert Egnatchik); (Tate Owen); (Daniel M. Ratner)
| | - Robert Egnatchik
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th AVE NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. (Faifan Tantakitti); (Jesse Burk-Rafel); (Fang Cheng); (Robert Egnatchik); (Tate Owen); (Daniel M. Ratner)
| | - Tate Owen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th AVE NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. (Faifan Tantakitti); (Jesse Burk-Rafel); (Fang Cheng); (Robert Egnatchik); (Tate Owen); (Daniel M. Ratner)
| | - Matt Hoffman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Box 351750, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. (Matt Hoffman)
| | - Dirk N. Weiss
- Washington Technology Center, 135 Fluke Hall, M/S 352140, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. (Dirk N. Weiss)
| | - Daniel M. Ratner
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th AVE NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. (Faifan Tantakitti); (Jesse Burk-Rafel); (Fang Cheng); (Robert Egnatchik); (Tate Owen); (Daniel M. Ratner)
- Corresponding author. . Tel: +1 206 543 1071. Fax: +1 206 685 3925. Address: Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th AVE NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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Danial M, Root MJ, Klok HA. Polyvalent side chain peptide-synthetic polymer conjugates as HIV-1 entry inhibitors. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:1438-47. [PMID: 22455441 DOI: 10.1021/bm300150q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This report describes the synthesis and properties of a series of polyvalent side chain peptide-synthetic polymer conjugates designed to block the CD4 binding site on gp120 and inhibit HIV-1 entry into a host cell. The peptide sequences in the conjugates are based on the CDR H3 region of the neutralizing anti-HIV-1 antibody IgG1 b12. Using a consecutive ester-amide/thiol-ene postpolymerization modification strategy, a library of polymer conjugates was prepared. Evaluation of the HIV-1 inhibitory properties revealed that midsized polymer conjugates displayed the highest antiviral activity, while shorter and longer conjugates proved to be less efficacious inhibitors. The lower molecular weight conjugates may not have sufficient length to span the distance between two neighboring gp120 containing spikes, while the higher molecular weight conjugates may be compromised due to a higher entropic penalty that would accompany their binding to the viral envelope. Although the IC(50) values for these polymer conjugates are higher than that of the parent IgG1 b12 antibody, the strategy presented here may represent an interesting antiviral approach due to the attractive properties of such polymer therapeutics (relatively inexpensive production and purification costs, high thermal and chemical stability in storage conditions, long half-life in biological tissues, low immunogenicity, and protection from proteolytic degradation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Danial
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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26
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Liu X, Liu J, Luo Y. Facile glycosylation of dendrimers for eliciting specific cell–material interactions. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00404b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Jiménez JL, Pion M, Mata FJDL, Gomez R, Muñoz E, Leal M, Muñoz-Fernandez MA. Dendrimers as topical microbicides with activity against HIV. NEW J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1nj20396g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Thünemann AF, Bienert R, Appelhans D, Voit B. Core-Shell Structures of Oligosaccharide-Functionalized Hyperbranched Poly(ethylene imines). MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201100490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Dendrimer-based multivalent methotrexates as dual acting nanoconjugates for cancer cell targeting. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 47:560-72. [PMID: 22142685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Revised: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-targeting drug delivery can be based on the rational design of a therapeutic platform. This approach is typically achieved by the functionalization of a nanoparticle with two distinct types of molecules, a targeting ligand specific for a cancer cell, and a cytotoxic molecule to kill the cell. The present study aims to evaluate the validity of an alternative simplified approach in the design of cancer-targeting nanotherapeutics: conjugating a single type of molecule with dual activities to nanoparticles, instead of coupling a pair of orthogonal molecules. Herein we investigate whether this strategy can be validated by its application to methotrexate, a dual-acting small molecule that shows cytotoxicity because of its potent inhibitory activity against dihydrofolate reductase and that binds folic acid receptor, a tumor biomarker frequently upregulated on the cancer cell surface. This article describes a series of dendrimer conjugates derived from a generation 5 polyamidoamine (G5 PAMAM) presenting a multivalent array of methotrexate and also demonstrates their dual biological activities by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, a cell-free enzyme assay, and cell-based experiments with KB cancer cells.
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Clayton R, Hardman J, LaBranche CC, McReynolds KD. Evaluation of the synthesis of sialic acid-PAMAM glycodendrimers without the use of sugar protecting groups, and the anti-HIV-1 properties of these compounds. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 22:2186-97. [PMID: 21859137 PMCID: PMC3241508 DOI: 10.1021/bc200331v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A study was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of synthesizing six sialic acid-PAMAM glycodendrimers using unprotected sialic acid in as few as 1-4 steps using two different reaction pathways, and to assess the sulfated derivatives for anti-HIV activity. The syntheses were accomplished through either the direct attachment of the sialic acid carboxyl group to amine-terminated PAMAM (a divergent-like approach) using BOP coupling, or by first reacting sialic acid with a polar bifunctional spacer molecule, attaching the sugar-linker to carboxy-terminated PAMAM (a convergent-like approach), and again using BOP-mediated coupling reactions. It was hypothesized that the latter approach would be the most successful method, as any steric congestion between the sialic acid and the PAMAM would be minimized using an intervening polar linker. However, the divergent-like synthesis proved to be the superior method, resulting in 11.4%, 14%, and 28% of the fully substituted generations 0, 1, and 2 sialic acid-PAMAM conjugates, respectively, as compared to 6.4% of only the generation -0.5 sialic acid-linker-PAMAM conjugate for the convergent-like method. Upon sulfation of the four glycodendrimers, binding capabilities to the recombinant HIV protein, gp120, were assessed using an ELISA assay. Compounds that showed promising binding characteristics were then further assessed for inhibition of HIV-1 infection using a well-characterized luciferase reporter gene neutralization assay. The generation 2 sulfated sialic acid-PAMAM glycodendrimer, sulfo-6, bearing 16 sialic acids with 11 sulfate groups incorporated at 4.03% sulfur content by weight, was found to inhibit all four HIV-1 strains tested in the low micromolar range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell Clayton
- Department of Chemistry California State University, Sacramento 6000 J Street Sacramento, CA 95819-6057 USA
| | - Janee’ Hardman
- Department of Chemistry California State University, Sacramento 6000 J Street Sacramento, CA 95819-6057 USA
| | | | - Katherine D. McReynolds
- Department of Chemistry California State University, Sacramento 6000 J Street Sacramento, CA 95819-6057 USA
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31
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Bachan S, Fantini J, Joshi A, Garg H, Mootoo DR. Synthesis, gp120 binding and anti-HIV activity of fatty acid esters of 1,1-linked disaccharides. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:4803-11. [PMID: 21783371 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.06.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by the anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity of analogues of β-galactosylceramide (GalCer), a set of mono- and di-saccharide fatty acid esters were designed as GalCer mimetics and their binding to the V3 loop peptide of HIV-1 and anti-HIV activity evaluated. 1,1-linked Gal-Man and Glu-Man disaccharides with an ester on the Man subunit bound the V3 loop peptide and inhibited HIV infectivity in single round infection assays with the TZM-bl cell line. IC(50)'s were in the 50 μM range with no toxicity to the cells at concentrations up to 200 μM. These compounds appear to inhibit virus entry at early steps in viral infection since they were inactive if added post viral entry. Although these compounds were found to bind to the V3 loop peptide of gp120, it is not clear that this interaction is responsible for their anti-HIV activity because the relative binding affinity of closely related analogues did not correlate with their antiviral behavior. The low cytotoxicity of these 1,1-linked disaccharide fatty acid esters, combined with the easy accessibility to structurally diverse analogues make these molecules attractive leads for new topical anti-viral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stewart Bachan
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
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32
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Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Oligo- and Polysaccharides and Their Derivatives. MASS SPECTROMETRY OF POLYMERS – NEW TECHNIQUES 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2011_134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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33
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Borges AR, Wieczorek L, Johnson B, Benesi AJ, Brown BK, Kensinger RD, Krebs FC, Wigdahl B, Blumenthal R, Puri A, McCutchan FE, Birx DL, Polonis VR, Schengrund CL. Multivalent dendrimeric compounds containing carbohydrates expressed on immune cells inhibit infection by primary isolates of HIV-1. Virology 2010; 408:80-8. [PMID: 20880566 PMCID: PMC2966527 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Specific glycosphingolipids (GSL), found on the surface of target immune cells, are recognized as alternate cell surface receptors by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) external envelope glycoprotein. In this study, the globotriose and 3'-sialyllactose carbohydrate head groups found on two GSL were covalently attached to a dendrimer core to produce two types of unique multivalent carbohydrates (MVC). These MVC inhibited HIV-1 infection of T cell lines and primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by T cell line-adapted viruses or primary isolates, with IC(50)s ranging from 0.1 to 7.4 μg/ml. Inhibition of Env-mediated membrane fusion by MVC was also observed using a dye-transfer assay. These carbohydrate compounds warrant further investigation as a potential new class of HIV-1 entry inhibitors. The data presented also shed light on the role of carbohydrate moieties in HIV-1 virus-host cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Rosa Borges
- Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Lindsay Wieczorek
- Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Benitra Johnson
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD
| | - Alan J. Benesi
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA
| | - Bruce K. Brown
- Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Richard D. Kensinger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Fred C. Krebs
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Brian Wigdahl
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Robert Blumenthal
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD
| | - Anu Puri
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD
| | | | - Deborah L. Birx
- Military HIV Research Program, Division of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Rockville, MD
| | - Victoria R. Polonis
- Military HIV Research Program, Division of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Rockville, MD
| | - Cara-Lynne Schengrund
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
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Schlick KH, Cloninger MJ. Inhibition binding studies of glycodendrimer-lectin interactions using surface plasmon resonance. Tetrahedron 2010; 66:5305-5310. [PMID: 20798896 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Understanding protein-carbohydrate interactions is essential for elucidating biological pathways and cellular mechanisms but is often difficult due to the prevalence of multivalent interactions. Here, we evaluate the multivalent glycodendrimer framework as a means to describe the inhibition potency of multivalent mannose-functionalized dendrimers using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Using highly robust, mannose-functionalized dithiol self-assembled monolayers on gold surfaces, we found that glycodendrimers were efficient inhibitors of protein-carbohydrate interactions. IC(50) values ranging from 260 nM to 13 nM were obtained for mannose-functionalized dendrimers with Concanavalin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian H Schlick
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 103 Chemistry and Biochemistry Building, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717
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35
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Morales-Serna JA, Boutureira O, Serra A, Matheu MI, Díaz Y, Castillón S. Synthesis of Hyperbranched β-Galceramide-Containing Dendritic Polymers that Bind HIV-1 rgp120. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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36
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Abronina PI, Galkin KI, Backinowsky LV, Grachev AA. Synthesis of a derivative of a pentasaccharide repeating unit of the O-antigenic polysaccharide of the bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae O3 as a benzoylated 2-methoxycarbonylethyl thioglycoside. Russ Chem Bull 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-010-0033-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
From the authors' opinion, this chapter constitutes a modest extension of the seminal and inspiring contribution of Stowell and Lee on neoglycoconjugates published in this series [C. P. Stowell and Y. C. Lee, Adv. Carbohydr. Chem. Biochem., 37 (1980) 225-281]. The outstanding progresses achieved since then in the field of the "glycoside cluster effect" has witnessed considerable creativity in the design and synthetic strategies toward a vast array of novel carbohydrate structures and reflects the dynamic activity in the field even since the recent chapter by the Nicotra group in this series [F. Nicotra, L. Cipolla, F. Peri, B. La Ferla, and C. Radaelli, Adv. Carbohydr. Chem. Biochem., 61 (2007) 353-398]. Beyond the more classical neoglycoproteins and glycopolymers (not covered in this work) a wide range of unprecedented and often artistically beautiful multivalent and monodisperse nanostructures, termed glycodendrimers for the first time in 1993, has been created. This chapter briefly surveys the concept of multivalency involved in carbohydrate-protein interactions. The topic is also discussed in regard to recent steps undertaken in glycobiology toward identification of lead candidates using microarrays and modern analytical tools. A systematic description of glycocluster and glycodendrimer synthesis follows, starting from the simplest architectures and ending in the most complex ones. Presentation of multivalent glycostructures of intermediate size and comprising, calix[n]arene, porphyrin, cyclodextrin, peptide, and carbohydrate scaffolds, has also been intercalated to better appreciate the growing synthetic complexity involved. A subsection describing novel all-carbon-based glycoconjugates such as fullerenes and carbon nanotubes is inserted, followed by a promising strategy involving dendrons self-assembling around metal chelates. The chapter then ends with those glycodendrimers that have been prepared using commercially available dendrimers possessing varied functionalities, or systematically synthesized using either divergent or convergent strategies.
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Pérez-Anes A, Stefaniu C, Moog C, Majoral JP, Blanzat M, Turrin CO, Caminade AM, Rico-Lattes I. Multivalent catanionic GalCer analogs derived from first generation dendrimeric phosphonic acids. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 18:242-8. [PMID: 19942442 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2009] [Revised: 10/27/2009] [Accepted: 10/29/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of a new series of catanionic multivalent analogs of GalCer is described. These systems are based on phosphonic acid terminated dendrimers and N-hexadecylamino lactitol moieties. Despite important structural differences that affect the dendrimers' outer-shell, these supramolecular assemblies showed a fairly comparable anti-HIV-1 activity. All compounds have submicromolar IC(50) in a cell-based HIV-infection model but also a high general cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Pérez-Anes
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, UPR 8241, 205 Route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
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Appelhans D, Komber H, Quadir MA, Richter S, Schwarz S, van der Vlist J, Aigner A, Müller M, Loos K, Seidel J, Arndt KF, Haag R, Voit B. Hyperbranched PEI with various oligosaccharide architectures: synthesis, characterization, ATP complexation, and cellular uptake properties. Biomacromolecules 2009; 10:1114-24. [PMID: 19338349 DOI: 10.1021/bm801310d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present a rapid synthetic method for the development of hyperbranched PEIs decorated with different oligosaccharide architectures as carrier systems (CS) for drugs and bioactive molecules for in vitro and in vivo experiments. Reductive amination of hyperbranched PEI with readily available oligosaccharides results in sugar functionalized PEI cores with oligosaccharide shells of different densities. These core-shell architectures were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, SLS, DLS, IR, and polyelectrolyte titration experiments. ATP complexation of theses polycations was examined by isothermal titration calorimetry to evaluate the binding energy and ATP/CS complexation ratios under physiological conditions. In vitro experiments showed an enhanced cellular uptake of ATP/CS complexes compared to those of the free ATP molecules. The results arise to initiate further noncovalent complexation studies of pharmacologically relevant molecules that may lead to the development of therapeutics based on this polymeric delivery platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Strasse 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2003-2004. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2009; 28:273-361. [PMID: 18825656 PMCID: PMC7168468 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2008] [Revised: 07/07/2008] [Accepted: 07/07/2008] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This review is the third update of the original review, published in 1999, on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings the topic to the end of 2004. Both fundamental studies and applications are covered. The main topics include methodological developments, matrices, fragmentation of carbohydrates and applications to large polymeric carbohydrates from plants, glycans from glycoproteins and those from various glycolipids. Other topics include the use of MALDI MS to study enzymes related to carbohydrate biosynthesis and degradation, its use in industrial processes, particularly biopharmaceuticals and its use to monitor products of chemical synthesis where glycodendrimers and carbohydrate-protein complexes are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Department of Biochemistry, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
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Architectures of Multivalent Glycomimetics for Probing Carbohydrate–Lectin Interactions. GLYCOSCIENCE AND MICROBIAL ADHESION 2009; 288:183-65. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2008_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Niederhafner P, Reinis M, Sebestík J, Jezek J. Glycopeptide dendrimers, part III: a review. Use of glycopeptide dendrimers in immunotherapy and diagnosis of cancer and viral diseases. J Pept Sci 2008; 14:556-87. [PMID: 18275089 DOI: 10.1002/psc.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glycopeptide dendrimers containing different types of tumor associated-carbohydrate antigens (T(N), TF, sialyl-T(N), sialyl-TF, sialyl-Le(x), sialyl-Le(a) etc.) were used in diagnosis and therapy of different sorts of cancer. These dendrimeric structures with incorporated T-cell epitopes and adjuvants can be used as antitumor vaccines. Best results were obtained with multiantigenic vaccines, containing, e.g. five or six different TAAs. The topic of TAAs and their dendrimeric forms at molecular level are reviewed, including structure, syntheses, and biological activities. Use of glycopeptide dendrimers as antiviral vaccines against HIV and influenza is also described. Their syntheses, physico-chemical properties, and biological activities are given with many examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Niederhafner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Chen G, Felgner PL, Guan Z. Efficient Catalytic Synthesis of Dendritic Polymers Having Internal Fluorescence Labels for Bioconjugation. Biomacromolecules 2008; 9:1745-54. [DOI: 10.1021/bm7013476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, and Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 3052 Hewitt Hall, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Philip L. Felgner
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, and Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 3052 Hewitt Hall, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Zhibin Guan
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, and Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 3052 Hewitt Hall, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
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Blome MC, Schengrund CL. Multivalent binding of ricin to bovine serum albumin-based neoglycoconjugates. Toxicon 2008; 51:1214-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2008.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2007] [Revised: 02/08/2008] [Accepted: 02/11/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Imura T, Masuda Y, Ito S, Worakitkanchanakul W, Morita T, Fukuoka T, Sakai H, Abe M, Kitamoto D. Packing Density of Glycolipid Biosurfactant Monolayers Give a Significant Effect on Their Binding Affinity Toward Immunoglobulin G. J Oleo Sci 2008; 57:415-22. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.57.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Newkome GR, Shreiner CD. Poly(amidoamine), polypropylenimine, and related dendrimers and dendrons possessing different 1→2 branching motifs: An overview of the divergent procedures. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Sousa-Herves A, Fernandez-Megia E, Riguera R. Synthesis and supramolecular assembly of clicked anionic dendritic polymers into polyion complex micelles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:3136-8. [DOI: 10.1039/b805208e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ozawa C, Hojo H, Nakahara Y, Katayama H, Nabeshima K, Akahane T, Nakahara Y. Synthesis of glycopeptide dendrimer by a convergent method. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Klaikherd A, Sandanaraj BS, Vutukuri DR, Thayumanavan S. Comparison of facially amphiphilic biaryl dendrimers with classical amphiphilic ones using protein surface recognition as the tool. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 128:9231-7. [PMID: 16834397 DOI: 10.1021/ja0622406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Facially amphiphilic biaryl dendrimers are compared with the more classical benzyl ether amphiphilic dendrimers for molecular recognition, using protein binding as the probe. The protein used for the proposed study is chymotrypsin (ChT). A generation-dependent binding affinity was observed with the benzyl ether dendrimers, while the affinities were independent of generation in the case of the biaryl dendrimers. Similarly, although the ligands incorporated in both dendrons are the same, the biaryl dendrimers are able to bind more proteins compared to the benzyl ether dendrimers. For example, G3-dendron of biaryl dendrimer can bind six molecules of chymotrypsin, whereas G3-analogue of benzyl ether dendrimers can bind only three molecules of chymotrypsin. This result is consistent with our hypothesis that the internal layers of the facially amphiphilic biaryl dendrons are solvent-exposed and accessible for recognition. In addition, the systematic size differences in dendrons were also used to gain insights into the substrate selectivity that the enzyme gains upon binding to a ligand scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akamol Klaikherd
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
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50
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Rele SM, Iyer SS, Chaikof EL. Hyaluronan-based Glycoclusters as Probes for Chemical Glycobiology. Tetrahedron Lett 2007; 48:5055-5060. [PMID: 19847317 PMCID: PMC2764257 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.05.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A strategy is described for the synthesis of β-(1,3)-GlcA-GlcNAc dimeric and tetrameric glycoclusters through the conjugation of disaccharide groups onto a diaminodiamide aromatic scaffold by reductive amination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam M. Rele
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Suri S. Iyer
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Elliot L. Chaikof
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
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