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Rastogi M, Saha RN, Alexander A, Singhvi G, Puri A, Dubey SK. Role of stealth lipids in nanomedicine-based drug carriers. Chem Phys Lipids 2021; 235:105036. [PMID: 33412151 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.105036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The domain of nanomedicine owns a wide-ranging variety of lipid-based drug carriers, and novel nanostructured drug carriersthat are further added to this range every year. The primary goal behind the exploration of any new lipid-based nanoformulation is the improvement of the therapeutic index of the concerned drug molecule along with minimization in the associated side-effects. However, for maintaining a sustained delivery of these intravenously injected lipoidal nanomedicines to the targeted tissues and organ systems in the body, longer circulation in the bloodstream, as well as their stability, are important. After administration, upon recognition as foreign entities in the body, these systems are rapidly cleared by the cells associated with the mononuclear phagocyte system. In order to provide these lipid-based systems with long circulation characteristics, techniques such as coating of the lipoidal surface with an inert polymeric material like polyethylene glycol (PEG) assists in imparting 'stealth properties' to these nanoformulations for avoiding recognition by the macrophages of the immune system. In this review, detailed importance is given to the hydrophilic PEG polymer and the role played by PEG-linked lipid polymers in the field of nanomedicine-based drug carriers. The typical structure and classification of stealth lipids, clinical utility, assemblage techniques, physicochemical characterization, and factors governing the in-vivo performance of the PEG-linked lipids containing formulations will be discussed. Eventually, the novel concept of accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon associated with the use of PEGylated therapeutics will be deliberated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Rastogi
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Ranendra Narayan Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Dubai Campus, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amit Alexander
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulation), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Guwahati), Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers, Govt. of India, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup, 781101, Guwahati, Assam, India.
| | - Gautam Singhvi
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Anu Puri
- RNA Structure and Design Section, RNA Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA.
| | - Sunil Kumar Dubey
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India; Emami Limited, R&D Healthcare Division, 13, BT Road, Kolkata, 700 056, West Bengal, India.
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2
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Kong L, Campbell F, Kros A. DePEGylation strategies to increase cancer nanomedicine efficacy. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2019; 4:378-387. [PMID: 32254090 DOI: 10.1039/c8nh00417j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To maximize drug targeting to solid tumors, cancer nanomedicines with prolonged circulation times are required. To this end, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) has been widely used as a steric shield of nanomedicine surfaces to minimize serum protein absorption (opsonisation) and subsequent recognition and clearance by cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). However, PEG also inhibits interactions of nanomedicines with target cancer cells, limiting the effective drug dose that can be reached within the target tumor. To overcome this dilemma, nanomedicines with stimuli-responsive cleavable PEG functionality have been developed. These benefit from both long circulation lifetimes en route to the targeted tumor as well as efficient drug delivery to target cancer cells. In this review, various stimuli-responsive strategies to dePEGylate nanomedicines within the tumor microenvironment will be critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Kong
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry - Supramolecular and Biomaterial Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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3
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Lu X, Perera TH, Aria AB, Callahan LAS. Polyethylene glycol in spinal cord injury repair: a critical review. J Exp Pharmacol 2018; 10:37-49. [PMID: 30100766 PMCID: PMC6067622 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s148944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a synthetic biocompatible polymer with many useful properties for developing therapeutics to treat spinal cord injury. Direct application of PEG as a fusogen to the injury site can repair cell membranes, mitigate oxidative stress, and promote axonal regeneration to restore motor function. PEG can be covalently or noncovalently conjugated to proteins, peptides, and nanoparticles to limit their clearance by the reticuloendothelial system, reduce their immunogenicity, and facilitate crossing the blood-brain barrier. Cross-linking PEG produces hydrogels that can act as delivery vehicles for bioactive molecules including growth factors and cells such as bone marrow stromal cells, which can modulate the inflammatory response and support neural tissue regeneration. PEG hydrogels can be cross-linked in vitro or delivered as an injectable formulation that can gel in situ at the site of injury. Chemical and mechanical properties of PEG hydrogels are tunable and must be optimized for creating the most favorable delivery environment. Peptides mimicking extracellular matrix protein such as laminin and n-cadherin can be incorporated into PEG hydrogels to promote neural differentiation and axonal extensions. Different hydrogel cross-linking densities and stiffness will also affect the differentiation process. PEG hydrogels with a gradient of peptide concentrations or Young's modulus have been developed to systematically study these factors. This review will describe these and other recent advancements of PEG in the field of spinal cord injury in greater detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA,
| | - T Hiran Perera
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA,
| | - Alexander B Aria
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA,
| | - Laura A Smith Callahan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA,
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Ruan Z, Liu L, Jiang W, Li S, Wang Y, Yan L. NIR imaging-guided combined photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy by a pH-responsive amphiphilic polypeptide prodrug. Biomater Sci 2018; 5:313-321. [PMID: 27999839 DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00787b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
pH-Sensitive doxorubicin conjugated polymeric micelles entrapped with near infrared (NIR) photosensitizer BODIPY (which works as an imaging agent at the same time) were designed and synthesized by ring opening polymerization of N-carboxyanhydride with mPEG-NH2 as the initiator, following reaction with doxorubicin to form the hydrazone-bond linker for pH responsiveness. Then the NIR dye (BODIPY) was loaded in the micelles for both bioimaging and photodynamic therapy (PDT). A significant cytotoxicity of NIR imaging-guided combined PDT and chemotherapy could be found by MTT assays, which was also confirmed with a fluorescence microscope, indicating a new kind of polymeric nanoparticle for potential theranostic treatment of cancers. In addition, the energy density of the laser for the PDT is extremely low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ruan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzai Road 96#, Hefei, 230026 Anhui, P.R. China.
| | - Le Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzai Road 96#, Hefei, 230026 Anhui, P.R. China.
| | - Wei Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Shuya Li
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Yucai Wang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Lifeng Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzai Road 96#, Hefei, 230026 Anhui, P.R. China.
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5
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Complex consisting of antisense DNA and β-glucan promotes internalization into cell through Dectin-1 and hybridizes with target mRNA in cytosol. Cancer Gene Ther 2018; 26:32-40. [PMID: 29970897 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-018-0033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Antisense oligonucleotides (AS-ODNs) hybridize with specific mRNAs, resulting in interference with the splicing mechanism or the regulation of protein translation. We previously demonstrated that the β-glucan schizophyllan (SPG) can form a complex with AS-ODNs with attached dA40 (AS-ODNs/SPG), and this complex can be incorporated into cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, expressing the β-glucan receptor Dectin-1. We have achieved efficient gene silencing in animal models, but the uptake mechanism and intracellular distribution are unclear. In this study, we prepared the complex consisting of SPG and AS-ODNs (AS014) for Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1). After treatment with endocytosis inhibitor Pitstop 2 and small interfering RNA targeting Dectin-1, we found that AS014/SPG complexes are incorporated into cells by Dectin-1-mediated endocytosis and inhibit cell growth in a Dectin-1 expression level-dependent manner. After treatment with AS014/SPG complexes, we separated the cell lysate into endosomal and cytoplasmic components by ultracentrifugation and directly determined the distribution of AS014 by reverse transcription PCR using AS014 ODNs as a template or a reverse transcription primer. In the cytoplasm, AS014 clearly hybridized with YB-1 mRNAs. This is the first demonstration of the distinct distribution of the complex in cells. These results could facilitate the clinical application of the complex.
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Sun Q, Zhou Z, Qiu N, Shen Y. Rational Design of Cancer Nanomedicine: Nanoproperty Integration and Synchronization. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1606628. [PMID: 28234430 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201606628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 679] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Current cancer nanomedicines can only mitigate adverse effects but fail to enhance therapeutic efficacies of anticancer drugs. Rational design of next-generation cancer nanomedicines should aim to enhance their therapeutic efficacies. Taking this into account, this review first analyzes the typical cancer-drug-delivery process of an intravenously administered nanomedicine and concludes that the delivery involves a five-step CAPIR cascade and that high efficiency at every step is critical to guarantee high overall therapeutic efficiency. Further analysis shows that the nanoproperties needed in each step for a nanomedicine to maximize its efficiency are different and even opposing in different steps, particularly what the authors call the PEG, surface-charge, size and stability dilemmas. To resolve those dilemmas in order to integrate all needed nanoproperties into one nanomedicine, stability, surface and size nanoproperty transitions (3S transitions for short) are proposed and the reported strategies to realize these transitions are comprehensively summarized. Examples of nanomedicines capable of the 3S transitions are discussed, as are future research directions to design high-performance cancer nanomedicines and their clinical translations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihang Sun
- Center for Bionanoengineering and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuxian Zhou
- Center for Bionanoengineering and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nasha Qiu
- Center for Bionanoengineering and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Youqing Shen
- Center for Bionanoengineering and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road 38, 310027, Hangzhou, China
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7
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Li Y, Zhang C, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Dong Y. Multiresponsive Aggregates Based on a Sensitive Si–O–C Structure: When the Chemical Bond Nature Meets Self-assembly. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.160435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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9
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Gasparini G, Bang EK, Montenegro J, Matile S. Cellular uptake: lessons from supramolecular organic chemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:10389-402. [PMID: 26030211 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc03472h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this Feature Article is to reflect on the importance of established and emerging principles of supramolecular organic chemistry to address one of the most persistent problems in life sciences. The main topic is dynamic covalent chemistry on cell surfaces, particularly disulfide exchange for thiol-mediated uptake. Examples of boronate and hydrazone exchange are added for contrast, comparison and completion. Of equal importance are the discussions of proximity effects in polyions and counterion hopping, and more recent highlights on ring tension and ion pair-π interactions. These lessons from supramolecular organic chemistry apply to cell-penetrating peptides, particularly the origin of "arginine magic" and the "pyrenebutyrate trick," and the currently emerging complementary "disulfide magic" with cell-penetrating poly(disulfide)s. They further extend to the voltage gating of neuronal potassium channels, gene transfection, and the delivery of siRNA. The collected examples illustrate that the input from conceptually innovative chemistry is essential to address the true challenges in biology beyond incremental progress and random screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Gasparini
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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10
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Au JLS, Yeung BZ, Wientjes MG, Lu Z, Wientjes MG. Delivery of cancer therapeutics to extracellular and intracellular targets: Determinants, barriers, challenges and opportunities. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 97:280-301. [PMID: 26686425 PMCID: PMC4829347 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Advances in molecular medicine have led to identification of worthy cellular and molecular targets located in extracellular and intracellular compartments. Effectiveness of cancer therapeutics is limited in part by inadequate delivery and transport in tumor interstitium. Parts I and II of this report give an overview on the kinetic processes in delivering therapeutics to their intended targets, the transport barriers in tumor microenvironment and extracellular matrix (TME/ECM), and the experimental approaches to overcome such barriers. Part III discusses new concepts and findings concerning nanoparticle-biocorona complex, including the effects of TME/ECM. Part IV outlines the challenges in animal-to-human translation of cancer nanotherapeutics. Part V provides an overview of the background, current status, and the roles of TME/ECM in immune checkpoint inhibition therapy, the newest cancer treatment modality. Part VI outlines the development and use of multiscale computational modeling to capture the unavoidable tumor heterogeneities, the multiple nonlinear kinetic processes including interstitial and transvascular transport and interactions between cancer therapeutics and TME/ECM, in order to predict the in vivo tumor spatiokinetics of a therapeutic based on experimental in vitro biointerfacial interaction data. Part VII provides perspectives on translational research using quantitative systems pharmacology approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie L-S Au
- Optimum Therapeutics LLC, 1815 Aston Avenue, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73014, USA; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Bertrand Z Yeung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73014, USA
| | | | - Ze Lu
- Optimum Therapeutics LLC, 1815 Aston Avenue, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
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11
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Mechanisms and biomaterials in pH-responsive tumour targeted drug delivery: A review. Biomaterials 2016; 85:152-67. [PMID: 26871891 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 619] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As the mainstay in the treatment of various cancers, chemotherapy plays a vital role, but still faces many challenges, such as poor tumour selectivity and multidrug resistance (MDR). Targeted drug delivery using nanotechnology has provided a new strategy for addressing the limitations of the conventional chemotherapy. In the last decade, the volume of research published in this area has increased tremendously, especially with functional nano drug delivery systems (nanocarriers). Coupling a specific stimuli-triggered drug release mechanism with these delivery systems is one of the most prevalent approaches for improving therapeutic outcomes. Among the various stimuli, pH triggered delivery is regarded as the most general strategy, targeting the acidic extracellular microenvironment and intracellular organelles of solid tumours. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the development of pH-sensitive nanocarriers for tumour-targeted drug delivery. The review focuses on the chemical design of pH-sensitive biomaterials, which are used to fabricate nanocarriers for extracellular and/or intracellular tumour site-specific drug release. The pH-responsive biomaterials bring forth conformational changes in these nanocarriers through various mechanisms such as protonation, charge reversal or cleavage of a chemical bond, facilitating tumour specific cell uptake or drug release. A greater understanding of these mechanisms will help to design more efficient drug delivery systems to address the challenges encountered in conventional chemotherapy.
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12
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Benjamin CJ, Wright KJ, Hyun SH, Krynski K, Yu G, Bajaj R, Guo F, Stauffacher CV, Jiang W, Thompson DH. Nonfouling NTA-PEG-Based TEM Grid Coatings for Selective Capture of Histidine-Tagged Protein Targets from Cell Lysates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:551-9. [PMID: 26726866 PMCID: PMC5310270 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We report the preparation and performance of TEM grids bearing stabilized nonfouling lipid monolayer coatings. These films contain NTA capture ligands of controllable areal density at the distal end of a flexible poly(ethylene glycol) 2000 (PEG2000) spacer to avoid preferred orientation of surface-bound histidine-tagged (His-tag) protein targets. Langmuir-Schaefer deposition at 30 mN/m of mixed monolayers containing two novel synthetic lipids-1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[(5-amido-1-carboxypentyl)iminodiacetic acid]polyethylene glycolamide 2000) (NTA-PEG2000-DSPE) and 1,2-(tricosa-10',12'-diynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-(methoxypolyethylene glycolamide 350) (mPEG350-DTPE)-in 1:99 and 5:95 molar ratios prior to treatment with a 5 min, 254 nm light exposure was used for grid fabrication. These conditions were designed to limit nonspecific protein adsorption onto the stabilized lipid coating by favoring the formation of a mPEG350 brush layer below a flexible, mushroom conformation of NTA-PEG2000 at low surface density to enable specific immobilization and random orientation of the protein target on the EM grid. These grids were then used to capture His6-T7 bacteriophage and RplL from cell lysates, as well as purified His8-green fluorescent protein (GFP) and nanodisc solubilized maltose transporter, His6-MalFGK2. Our findings indicate that TEM grid supported, polymerized NTA lipid monolayers are capable of capturing His-tag protein targets in a manner that controls their areal densities, while efficiently blocking nonspecific adsorption and limiting film degradation, even upon prolonged detergent exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Benjamin
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kyle J Wright
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Seok-Hee Hyun
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kyle Krynski
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Guimei Yu
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ruchika Bajaj
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Fei Guo
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Cynthia V Stauffacher
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - David H Thompson
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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Müller SS, Fritz T, Gimnich M, Worm M, Helm M, Frey H. Biodegradable hyperbranched polyether-lipids with in-chain pH-sensitive linkages. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01308b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hyperbranched polyether-based lipids with cleavable acetal units were obtained via copolymerization of the epoxide inimer 1-(glycidyloxy)ethyl ethylene glycol ether (GEGE) and glycidol, using anionic ring-opening polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. S. Müller
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz (MAINZ)
| | - T. Fritz
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - M. Gimnich
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - M. Worm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - M. Helm
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - H. Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
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14
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Bioreducible Micelles Self-Assembled from Poly(ethylene glycol)-Cholesteryl Conjugate As a Drug Delivery Platform. Polymers (Basel) 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/polym7111511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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15
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Mfuh AM, Mahindaratne MPD, Yñigez-Gutierrez AE, Ramos Dominguez JR, Bedell JT, Garcia CD, Negrete GR. Acid-responsive nanospheres from an asparagine-derived amphiphile. RSC Adv 2015; 5:8585-8590. [PMID: 25914807 PMCID: PMC4407701 DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11884g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the synthesis and self-assembly of an asparagine-derived amphiphile. The self-assembled systems formulated with the inclusion of cholesterol (0-50 mol%) show encapsulation for a hydrophobic model drug and rapidly disintegrate in response to mild acidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelphe M. Mfuh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249-1644, USA
| | | | - Audrey E. Yñigez-Gutierrez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249-1644, USA
| | - Juan R. Ramos Dominguez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249-1644, USA
| | - Jefferson T. Bedell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249-1644, USA
| | - Carlos D. Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249-1644, USA
| | - George R. Negrete
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249-1644, USA
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16
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Rozema DB, Blokhin AV, Wakefield DH, Benson JD, Carlson JC, Klein JJ, Almeida LJ, Nicholas AL, Hamilton HL, Chu Q, Hegge JO, Wong SC, Trubetskoy VS, Hagen CM, Kitas E, Wolff JA, Lewis DL. Protease-triggered siRNA delivery vehicles. J Control Release 2015; 209:57-66. [PMID: 25886706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The safe and efficacious delivery of membrane impermeable therapeutics requires cytoplasmic access without the toxicity of nonspecific cytoplasmic membrane lysis. We have developed a mechanism for control of cytoplasmic release which utilizes endogenous proteases as a trigger and results in functional delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA). The delivery approach is based on reversible inhibition of membrane disruptive polymers with protease-sensitive substrates. Proteolytic hydrolysis upon endocytosis restores the membrane destabilizing activity of the polymers thereby allowing cytoplasmic access of the co-delivered siRNA. Protease-sensitive polymer masking reagents derived from polyethylene glycol (PEG), which inhibit membrane interactions, and N-acetylgalactosamine, which targets asialoglycoprotein receptors on hepatocytes, were synthesized and used to formulate masked polymer-siRNA delivery vehicles. The size, charge and stability of the vehicles enable functional delivery of siRNA after subcutaneous administration and, with modification of the targeting ligand, have the potential for extrahepatic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Rozema
- Arrowhead Research Corporation, Arrowhead Madison, 465 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA.
| | - Andrei V Blokhin
- Arrowhead Research Corporation, Arrowhead Madison, 465 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Darren H Wakefield
- Arrowhead Research Corporation, Arrowhead Madison, 465 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Jonathan D Benson
- Arrowhead Research Corporation, Arrowhead Madison, 465 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Carlson
- Arrowhead Research Corporation, Arrowhead Madison, 465 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Jason J Klein
- Arrowhead Research Corporation, Arrowhead Madison, 465 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Lauren J Almeida
- Arrowhead Research Corporation, Arrowhead Madison, 465 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Anthony L Nicholas
- Arrowhead Research Corporation, Arrowhead Madison, 465 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Holly L Hamilton
- Arrowhead Research Corporation, Arrowhead Madison, 465 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Qili Chu
- Arrowhead Research Corporation, Arrowhead Madison, 465 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Julia O Hegge
- Arrowhead Research Corporation, Arrowhead Madison, 465 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - So C Wong
- Arrowhead Research Corporation, Arrowhead Madison, 465 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Vladimir S Trubetskoy
- Arrowhead Research Corporation, Arrowhead Madison, 465 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Collin M Hagen
- Arrowhead Research Corporation, Arrowhead Madison, 465 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Eric Kitas
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Pharma Research and Early Development Discovery Chemistry, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jon A Wolff
- Arrowhead Research Corporation, Arrowhead Madison, 465 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - David L Lewis
- Arrowhead Research Corporation, Arrowhead Madison, 465 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA
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Nanotechnology approaches for antibacterial drug delivery: Preparation and microbiological evaluation of fusogenic liposomes carrying fusidic acid. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2015; 45:622-6. [PMID: 25816979 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Revised: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Many antibacterial drugs have some difficulty passing through the bacterial cell membrane, especially if they have a high molecular weight or large spatial structure. Consequently, intrinsic resistance is shown by some bacterial strains. Reduced cell membrane permeability is one of the mechanisms of resistance known for fusidic acid (FUS), a bacteriostatic steroidal compound with activity limited to Gram-positive bacteria. Moreover, the lipophilic character of FUS has been shown to cause drug retention inside the bilayers of cell membranes, preventing its diffusion towards target sites inside the cytoplasm. Targeting antimicrobial agents by means of liposomes may be a valid strategy in the treatment of infections refractory to conventional routes of antimicrobial treatment. On this basis, loading of FUS in fusogenic liposomes (FLs) was planned in this study. Fusogenic small unilamellar vesicles loaded with FUS were produced to evaluate their influence on improving the cell penetration and antibacterial activity of the antibiotic. The produced carriers were technologically characterised and were subjected to an in vitro microbiological assay against several strains of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The experimental results showed that encapsulating FUS in a liposomal carrier can improve antimicrobial efficacy and reduce the effective concentration required, probably through putative mechanisms of increased diffusion through the bacterial cell membrane. In fact, whilst free FUS was active only on the tested Gram-positive strains, incubation of FUS-loaded FLs exhibited growth inhibitory activity both against Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. The lowest MICs were obtained against Staphylococcus epidermidis (≤0.15 μg/mL) and Acinetobacter baumannii (37.5 μg/mL) clinical strains.
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18
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Gjetting T, Jølck RI, Andresen TL. Effective nanoparticle-based gene delivery by a protease triggered charge switch. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:1107-18. [PMID: 24652709 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201300503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Gene carriers made from synthetic materials are of interest in relation to gene therapy but suffer from lack of transfection efficiency upon systemic delivery. To address this problem, a novel lipo-peptide-PEG conjugate constituted by a lipid-anchor, a peptide sensitive to proteases and a poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) chain is investigated. Utilizing ethanol-mediated nucleic acid encapsulation to prepare lipo-nanoparticles (LNPs), LNPs that are stable in serum are obtained. The LNPs constitute a highly effective gene delivery systems in vitro and possess the right features for further investigation in vivo including a PEG layer and a net negative charge that should ensure long-circulating properties before being activated by proteases in diseased tissue. Protease activation leads to detachment of PEG and a charge switching where the LNPs become positive due to the presence of glutamates in the cleaved peptide moiety. The cationic lipid DOTAP is used mainly to complex DNA and proton titratable DODAP is used to increase endosomal escape and enhance transfection efficiency. The idea of using a mixture of permanently charged and titratable cationic lipids shielded by a protease sensitive negatively charged lipo-peptide-PEG coat appears to be a highly efficient solution for achieving effective non-viral gene delivery and the results warrant further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torben Gjetting
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology; Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics; Building 423 2800 Lyngby Denmark
| | - Rasmus Irming Jølck
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology; Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics; Building 423 2800 Lyngby Denmark
| | - Thomas Lars Andresen
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology; Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics; Building 423 2800 Lyngby Denmark
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19
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He ZY, Chu BY, Wei XW, Li J, Edwards CK, Song XR, He G, Xie YM, Wei YQ, Qian ZY. Recent development of poly(ethylene glycol)-cholesterol conjugates as drug delivery systems. Int J Pharm 2014; 469:168-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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PEGylated block copolymers containing tertiary amine side-chains cleavable via acid-labile ortho ester linkages for pH-triggered release of DNA. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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21
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d'Arcy R, Tirelli N. Fishing for fire: strategies for biological targeting and criteria for material design in anti-inflammatory therapies. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard d'Arcy
- School of Medicine/Institute of Inflammation and Repair; University of Manchester; Manchester M13 9PT UK
| | - Nicola Tirelli
- School of Medicine/Institute of Inflammation and Repair; University of Manchester; Manchester M13 9PT UK
- School of Materials; University of Manchester; Manchester M13 9PT UK
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22
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Xu Z, Lai J, Tang R, Ji W, Wang R, Wang J, Wang C. Synthesis and Characterization of Homopolymers Bearing Acid-Cleavable Cationic Side-Chains for pH-Modulated Release of DNA. Macromol Biosci 2014; 14:1015-24. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201400004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyan Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
| | - Junping Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Science; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
| | - Rupei Tang
- School of Life Science; Anhui University; 111 Jiulong Road Hefei, Anhui Province 230601 P. R. China
| | - Weihang Ji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Minnesota; 7-105 Hasselmo Hall, 312 Church Street S. E. Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Life Science; Anhui University; 111 Jiulong Road Hefei, Anhui Province 230601 P. R. China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Minnesota; 7-105 Hasselmo Hall, 312 Church Street S. E. Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
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23
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Misra SK, Naz S, Kondaiah P, Bhattacharya S. A cationic cholesterol based nanocarrier for the delivery of p53-EGFP-C3 plasmid to cancer cells. Biomaterials 2014; 35:1334-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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24
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25
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Upponi JR, Torchilin VP. Passive vs. Active Targeting: An Update of the EPR Role in Drug Delivery to Tumors. NANO-ONCOLOGICALS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-08084-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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26
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Nag OK, Awasthi V. Surface engineering of liposomes for stealth behavior. Pharmaceutics 2013; 5:542-69. [PMID: 24300562 PMCID: PMC3873679 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics5040542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Liposomes are used as a delivery vehicle for drug molecules and imaging agents. The major impetus in their biomedical applications comes from the ability to prolong their circulation half-life after administration. Conventional liposomes are easily recognized by the mononuclear phagocyte system and are rapidly cleared from the blood stream. Modification of the liposomal surface with hydrophilic polymers delays the elimination process by endowing them with stealth properties. In recent times, the development of various materials for surface engineering of liposomes and other nanomaterials has made remarkable progress. Poly(ethylene glycol)-linked phospholipids (PEG-PLs) are the best representatives of such materials. Although PEG-PLs have served the formulation scientists amazingly well, closer scrutiny has uncovered a few shortcomings, especially pertaining to immunogenicity and pharmaceutical characteristics (drug loading, targeting, etc.) of PEG. On the other hand, researchers have also begun questioning the biological behavior of the phospholipid portion in PEG-PLs. Consequently, stealth lipopolymers consisting of non-phospholipids and PEG-alternatives are being developed. These novel lipopolymers offer the potential advantages of structural versatility, reduced complement activation, greater stability, flexible handling and storage procedures and low cost. In this article, we review the materials available as alternatives to PEG and PEG-lipopolymers for effective surface modification of liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okhil K Nag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 North Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA.
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27
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Komeda C, Ikeda A, Kikuchi JI, Ishida-Kitagawa N, Tatebe H, Shiozaki K, Akiyama M. A photo-triggerable drug carrier based on cleavage of PEG lipids by photosensitiser-generated reactive singlet oxygen. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:2567-70. [PMID: 23307046 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob27199k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
To circumvent the limitations of polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified carriers, a photo-triggerable liposome was prepared which was modified by cholesterol derivatives via a cleavable vinyl ether linkage so that the PEGylated coating can be efficiently removed by a photoactivated fullerene. After the photocleavage of the PEG moiety, the intracellular uptake of the photo-triggerable liposome improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikako Komeda
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
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28
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Kong M, Park H, Cheng X, Chen X. Spatial-temporal event adaptive characteristics of nanocarrier drug delivery in cancer therapy. J Control Release 2013; 172:281-291. [PMID: 24004884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In cancer therapy, drug delivery is a complex process that aims to transit the cargo to the destination with as little damage to the normal tissue as possible. In the last decade, tremendous development and research on nanomedicine have been exploring an ideal system with efficient drug transportation and release property. For this end, series of barriers need to be circumvented by nanomedicine, including systemic barriers, such as biosurface adsorption, phagocytic clearance, bloodstream washing, interstitial pressure, degradation, as well as intracellular barriers, such as cell membrane reorganization and internalization, endo/lysosomal escape, cytosolic or subcellular localization. Rather than being random, these barriers follow a specific spatial-temporal sequence. Therefore, the nanocarriers have to be endowed with characteristics that are adaptive to particular biological milieu on systemic and intracellular levels. To this end, we reviewed the correlations between the spatial-temporal sequences of drug delivery and nanocarrier characteristics in cancer therapy, as well as strategies to achieve efficient drug delivery upon both systemic and intracellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Kong
- Biochemistry and biomaterial key laboratory of Shandong colleges and universities, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China.
| | - Hyunjin Park
- Graduate School Biotechnology, Korea University, 1, 5-Ka, Anam-Dong, Sungbuk-Ku, Seoul 136-701, South Korea
| | - Xiaojie Cheng
- Biochemistry and biomaterial key laboratory of Shandong colleges and universities, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China
| | - Xiguang Chen
- Biochemistry and biomaterial key laboratory of Shandong colleges and universities, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China.
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29
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Polyether-Based Lipids Synthesized with an Epoxide Construction Kit: Multivalent Architectures for Functional Liposomes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2013-1135.ch002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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30
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Kim HK, Thompson DH, Jang HS, Chung YJ, Van den Bossche J. pH-responsive biodegradable assemblies containing tunable phenyl-substituted vinyl ethers for use as efficient gene delivery vehicles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:5648-5658. [PMID: 23772824 PMCID: PMC3740352 DOI: 10.1021/am400977t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Novel pH-responsive assemblies (PEG-lipid:DOPE liposomes) containing tunable and bifunctional phenyl-substituted vinyl ether (PIVE) cross-linkers were prepared. The assemblies consisted of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE), acid-cleavable poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-conjugated lipids, pDNA, and protamine sulfate (PS). The PIVE linkage was designed to hydrolyze under acidic conditions, and the hydrolysis studies of PEG-lipid compounds containing PIVE at pH 4.2, 5.4, and 7.4 indicated that the hydrolysis rates of PIVE linker were influenced by the substitution of electron withdrawing or electron donating groups on the phenyl ring. Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of PIVE leads to destabilization of the acid labile PEG-PIVE-lipid:DOPE liposomes via dePEGylation, thereby triggering content release. Content release assays showed that dePEGylation was highly pH-dependent and correlated with the PIVE proton affinity of the phenyl group. These results indicated that the dePEGylative triggering based on a new pH-sensitive PIVE linkage can be controlled. In vitro transfection studies on the pH-responsive assemblies containing mPEG-(MeO-PIVE)-conjugated 1,3-dioctadecyl-rac-glycerol lipids (mPEG-(MeO-PIVE])-DOG) showed higher transfection efficiency compared to that of polyethylenimine (PEI), a positive control, on HEK 293 and COS-7 cells. In addition, lower cytotoxicity of PEG-PIVE-lipid:DOPE liposomes/PS/DNA was observed in comparison to PEI. These results suggest that PEG-PIVE-lipid:DOPE liposomes can be considered as nonviral vehicles for drug and gene delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Kwon Kim
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
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31
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Gehin C, Montenegro J, Bang EK, Cajaraville A, Takayama S, Hirose H, Futaki S, Matile S, Riezman H. Dynamic Amphiphile Libraries To Screen for the “Fragrant” Delivery of siRNA into HeLa Cells and Human Primary Fibroblasts. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:9295-8. [PMID: 23767803 DOI: 10.1021/ja404153m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Gehin
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Javier Montenegro
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eun-Kyoung Bang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ana Cajaraville
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Shota Takayama
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hisaaki Hirose
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Stefan Matile
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Howard Riezman
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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32
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Loew M, Forsythe JC, McCarley RL. Lipid nature and their influence on opening of redox-active liposomes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:6615-23. [PMID: 23698020 PMCID: PMC3778659 DOI: 10.1021/la304340e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The pathway for content release from reduction-sensitive liposomes based on a quinone-dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine lipid conjugate (Q-DOPE) is outlined using results from fluorescent dye content release assays as well as single- and multiple-angle light scattering. Experimental observations are consistent with a shape/size change of the reduced liposomes prior to their aggregation, with subsequent near-quantitative content release achieved only when the lipid membrane experiences conditions favorable to a lamellar to an inverted hexagonal phase transition. Addition of poly(ethyleneglycol)-modified DOPE (PEG-DOPE) to the Q-DOPE liposomal formulation results in stabilization of the lipid bilayer, whereas incorporation of DOPE yields faster content release. At high DOPE concentrations, DOPE/PEG-DOPE/Q-DOPE liposomes exhibit larger content release, indicating a change in pathway for content release. The outcomes here provide a better understanding of the underlying principles of triggered liposomal content release and the potential utility of specific lipid properties for the rational design of drug delivery systems based on the novel Q-DOPE lipid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robin L. McCarley
- CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Telephone: (225) 578-3239. Facsimile: (225) 578-3458.
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33
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Sun Q, Radosz M, Shen Y. Rational Design of Translational Nanocarriers. FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS FOR NANOMEDICINE 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849737388-00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qihang Sun
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Soft Materials Laboratory, University of WyomingLaramieWY 82071USA
| | - Maciej Radosz
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Soft Materials Laboratory, University of WyomingLaramieWY 82071USA
| | - Youqing Shen
- Center for Bionanoengineering and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027P. R.
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34
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Yao L, Daniels J, Wijesinghe D, Andreev OA, Reshetnyak YK. pHLIP®-mediated delivery of PEGylated liposomes to cancer cells. J Control Release 2013; 167:228-37. [PMID: 23416366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We develop a method for pH-dependent fusion between liposomes and cellular membranes using pHLIP® (pH Low Insertion Peptide), which inserts into lipid bilayer of membrane only at low pH. Previously we establish the molecular mechanism of peptide action and show that pHLIP can target acidic diseased tissue. Here we investigate how coating of PEGylated liposomes with pHLIP might affect liposomal uptake by cells. The presence of pHLIP on the surface of PEGylated-liposomes enhanced membrane fusion and lipid exchange in a pH dependent fashion, leading to increase of cellular uptake and payload release, and inhibition of cell proliferation by liposomes containing ceramide. A novel type of pH-sensitive, "fusogenic" pHLIP-liposomes was developed, which could be used to selectively deliver various diagnostic and therapeutic agents to acidic diseased cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yao
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, 2 Lippitt Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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35
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Moshnikova A, Moshnikova V, Andreev OA, Reshetnyak YK. Antiproliferative effect of pHLIP-amanitin. Biochemistry 2013; 52:1171-8. [PMID: 23360641 DOI: 10.1021/bi301647y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Toxins could be effective anticancer drugs, if their selective delivery into cancer cells could be achieved. We have shown that the energy of membrane-associated folding of water-soluble membrane peptides of the pHLIP (pH low insertion peptide) family could be used to move cell-impermeable cargo across the lipid bilayer into the cytoplasm of cancer cells. Here we present the results of a study of pHLIP-mediated cellular delivery of a polar cell-impermeable toxin, α-amanitin, an inhibitor of RNA polymerase II. We show that pHLIP can deliver α-amanitin into cells in a pH-dependent fashion and induce cell death within 48 h. Translocation capability could be tuned by conjugating amanitin to the C-terminus of pHLIP via linkers of different hydrophobicities that could be cleaved in the cytoplasm. pHLIP-SPDP-amanitin, which exhibits 4-5 times higher antiproliferative ability at pH 6 than at pH 7.4, was selected as the best construct. The major mechanism of amanitin delivery is direct translocation (flip) across a membrane by pHLIP and cleavage of the S-S bond in the cytoplasm. The antiproliferative effect was monitored on four different human cancer cell lines. pHLIP-mediated cytoplasmic delivery of amanitin could create great opportunities to use the toxin as a potent pH-selective anticancer agent, which predominantly targets highly proliferative cancer cells at low extracellular pH values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Moshnikova
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, 2 Lippitt Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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36
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Géral C, Angelova A, Lesieur S. From molecular to nanotechnology strategies for delivery of neurotrophins: emphasis on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Pharmaceutics 2013; 5:127-67. [PMID: 24300402 PMCID: PMC3834942 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics5010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases represent a major public health problem, but beneficial clinical treatment with neurotrophic factors has not been established yet. The therapeutic use of neurotrophins has been restrained by their instability and rapid degradation in biological medium. A variety of strategies has been proposed for the administration of these leading therapeutic candidates, which are essential for the development, survival and function of human neurons. In this review, we describe the existing approaches for delivery of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which is the most abundant neurotrophin in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). Biomimetic peptides of BDNF have emerged as a promising therapy against neurodegenerative disorders. Polymer-based carriers have provided sustained neurotrophin delivery, whereas lipid-based particles have contributed also to potentiation of the BDNF action. Nanotechnology offers new possibilities for the design of vehicles for neuroprotection and neuroregeneration. Recent developments in nanoscale carriers for encapsulation and transport of BDNF are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Géral
- CNRS UMR8612 Institut Galien Paris-Sud, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; E-Mails: (C.G.); (S.L.)
- Univ Paris Sud 11, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Angelina Angelova
- CNRS UMR8612 Institut Galien Paris-Sud, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; E-Mails: (C.G.); (S.L.)
- Univ Paris Sud 11, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Sylviane Lesieur
- CNRS UMR8612 Institut Galien Paris-Sud, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; E-Mails: (C.G.); (S.L.)
- Univ Paris Sud 11, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
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37
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Morimoto N, Hirano S, Takahashi H, Loethen S, Thompson DH, Akiyoshi K. Self-assembled pH-sensitive cholesteryl pullulan nanogel as a protein delivery vehicle. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:56-63. [PMID: 23215439 PMCID: PMC6900930 DOI: 10.1021/bm301286h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A self-assembled nanogel, derived from an acid-labile cholesteryl-modified pullulan (acL-CHP), was prepared by grafting vinyl ether-cholesterol substituents onto a 100 kD pullulan main chain polymer backbone. Stable nanogels are formed by acL-CHP self-assemblies at neutral pH. The hydrodynamic radius of the nanogels, observed to be 26.5 ± 5.1 nm at pH 7.0, increased by ~135% upon acidification of the solution to pH 4.0. SEC analysis of the acL-CHP nanogel at pH 4.0 showed that the grafts were nearly 80% degraded after 24 h, whereas little or no degradation was observed over the same time period for a pH stable analog (acS-CHP) at pH 4.0 or the acL-CHP at pH 7.0. Complexation of BSA with the acL-CHP nanogel was observed at pH 7.0 with subsequent release of the protein upon acidification. These findings suggest that stimuli-responsive, self-assembled nanogels can release protein cargo in a manner that is controlled by the degradation rate of the cholesterol-pullulan grafting moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Morimoto
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Sayaka Hirano
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 1-8-14 Kanda-surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan
| | - Haruko Takahashi
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Scott Loethen
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - David H. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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Dingels C, Müller SS, Steinbach T, Tonhauser C, Frey H. Universal Concept for the Implementation of a Single Cleavable Unit at Tunable Position in Functional Poly(ethylene glycol)s. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:448-59. [DOI: 10.1021/bm3016797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Dingels
- Department of Organic
Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sophie S. Müller
- Department of Organic
Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, D-55128
Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Steinbach
- Department of Organic
Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, D-55128
Mainz, Germany
| | - Christine Tonhauser
- Department of Organic
Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, D-55128
Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Organic
Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
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Dingels C, Frey H. From Biocompatible to Biodegradable: Poly(Ethylene Glycol)s with Predetermined Breaking Points. HIERARCHICAL MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES: 60 YEARS AFTER THE STAUDINGER NOBEL PRIZE II 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2013_235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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40
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Sun Q, Radosz M, Shen Y. Challenges in design of translational nanocarriers. J Control Release 2012; 164:156-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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41
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Shin J, Shum P, Grey J, Fujiwara SI, Malhotra GS, González-Bonet A, Hyun SH, Moase E, Allen TM, Thompson DH. Acid-labile mPEG-vinyl ether-1,2-dioleylglycerol lipids with tunable pH sensitivity: synthesis and structural effects on hydrolysis rates, DOPE liposome release performance, and pharmacokinetics. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:3266-76. [PMID: 23030381 DOI: 10.1021/mp300326z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A family of 3-methoxypoly(ethylene glycol)-vinyl ether-1,2-dioleylglycerol (mPEG-VE-DOG) lipopolymer conjugates, designed on the basis of DFT calculations to possess a wide range of proton affinities, was synthesized and tested for their hydrolysis kinetics in neutral and acidic buffers. Extruded ∼100 nm liposomes containing these constructs in ≥90 mol % 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) produced dispersions that retained their calcein cargo for more than 2 days at pH 7.5, but released the encapsulated contents over a wide range of time scales as a function of the electronic properties of the vinyl ether linkage, the solution pH, and the mPEG-VE-DOG composition in the membrane. The in vivo performance of two different 90:10 DOPE:mPEG-VE-DOG compositions was also evaluated for blood circulation time and biodistribution in mice, using (125)I-tyraminylinulin as a label. The pharmacokinetic profiles gave a t(1/2) of 7 and 3 h for 90:10 DOPE:ST302 and 90:10 DOPE:ST502, respectively, with the liposomes being cleared predominantly by liver and spleen uptake. The behavior of these DOPE:mPEG-VE-DOG formulations is consistent with their relative rates of vinyl ether hydrolysis, i.e., the more acid-sensitive mPEG-VE-DOG derivatives produced faster leakage rates from DOPE:mPEG-VE-DOG liposomes, but decreased the blood circulation times in mice. These findings suggest that the vinyl ether-based PEG-lipid derivatives are promising agents for stabilizing acid-sensitive DOPE liposomes to produce formulations with a priori control over their pH responsiveness in vitro. Our data also suggest, however, that the same factors that contribute to enhanced acid sensitivity of the DOPE:mPEG-VE-DOG dispersions are also likely responsible for their reduced pharmacokinetic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhwa Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393, United States
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42
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Kim HK, Van den Bossche J, Hyun SH, Thompson DH. Acid-triggered release via dePEGylation of fusogenic liposomes mediated by heterobifunctional phenyl-substituted vinyl ethers with tunable pH-sensitivity. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:2071-7. [PMID: 22988941 DOI: 10.1021/bc300266y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A new family of heterobifunctional phenyl-substituted vinyl ether (PIVE) coupling agents with tunable acid-sensitivity has been developed. The PIVE compounds are designed to hydrolyze under acidic conditions with hydrolysis rates that can be varied by rational selection of the phenyl ring substituent. These reagents were incorporated within 2-methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) PEG-conjugated 1,3-dioctadecyl-rac-glycerol lipids to produce the acid-cleavable lipopolymers mPEG-[H-PIVE]-DOG, mPEG-[F-PIVE]-DOG, mPEG-[Me-PIVE]-DOG, and mPEG-[MeO-PIVE]-DOG. These lipopolymers were hydrolyzed under acidic conditions (pH 3.5 or 4.5) at rates that were dependent on the electron donating or withdrawing character of the α-phenyl vinyl ether substituent, while remaining stable at pH 7.4. Blending of these compounds with 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) in a 10:90 mPEG-PIVE-Lipid:DOPE ratio produced stable liposomes at neutral pH; however, acidification of the solution led to dePEGylation and release of the liposomal cargo in a manner that correlated with the PIVE proton affinity. Specifically, we observed 70% calcein release within 12 h from mPEG-[MeO-PIVE]-DOG-containing liposomes at pH 4.5, whereas only 22% calcein release was observed from mPEG-[F-PIVE]-DOG:DOPE liposomes over this same time scale and pH. These results indicate that dePEGylation following acidification is a triggering mechanism that can be rationally designed and controlled through the appropriate selection of PIVE moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Kwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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43
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Nanotechnology applied to overcome tumor drug resistance. J Control Release 2012; 162:45-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Montenegro J, Bang EK, Sakai N, Matile S. Synthesis of an Enlarged Library of Dynamic DNA Activators with Oxime, Disulfide and Hydrazone Bridges. Chemistry 2012; 18:10436-43. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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45
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Kulkarni A, DeFrees K, Hyun SH, Thompson DH. Pendant polymer:amino-β-cyclodextrin:siRNA guest:host nanoparticles as efficient vectors for gene silencing. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:7596-9. [PMID: 22545899 DOI: 10.1021/ja300690j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A novel siRNA delivery vector has been developed, based on the self-assembly of monosubstituted cationic β-CD derivatives with a poly(vinyl alcohol)MW27kD (PVA) main-chain polymer bearing poly(ethylene glycol)MW2000 (PEG) and acid-labile cholesterol-modified (Chol) grafts through an acid-sensitive benzylidene acetal linkage. These components were investigated for their ability to form nanoparticles with siRNA using two different assembly schemes, involving either precomplexation of the pendant Chol-PVA-PEG polymer with the cationic β-CD derivatives before siRNA condensation or siRNA condensation with the cationic β-CD derivatives prior to addition of Chol-PVA-PEG to engage host:guest complexation. The pendant polymer:amino-β-CD:siRNA complexes were shown to form nanoparticles in the size range of 120-170 nm, with a slightly negative zeta potential. Cell viability studies in CHO-GFP cells shows that these materials have 10(3)-fold lower cytotoxicities than 25 kD bPEI, while maintaining gene-silencing efficiencies that are comparable to those of benchmark transfection reagents such as bPEI and Lipofectamine 2000. These results suggest that the degradable Chol-PVA-PEG polymer is able to self-assemble in the presence of siRNA and cationic-β-CD to form nanoparticles that are an effective and low-toxicity vehicle for delivering siRNA cargo to target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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46
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Sawant RR, Torchilin VP. Challenges in development of targeted liposomal therapeutics. AAPS JOURNAL 2012; 14:303-15. [PMID: 22415612 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-012-9330-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes, phospholipid vesicles with a bilayered membrane structure, have been widely used as pharmaceutical carriers for drugs and genes, in particular for treatment of cancer. To enhance the efficacy of the liposomal drugs, drug-loaded liposomes are targeted to the tumors by means of passive (enhanced permeability and retention mediated) targeting, based on the longevity of liposomes in blood and its accumulation in pathological sites with compromised vasculature, and active targeting, based on the attachment of specific ligands to the liposomal surface to bind certain antigens on the target cells. Antibody-targeted liposomes loaded with anticancer drugs demonstrate high potential for clinical applications. This review highlights evolution of liposomes for both passive and active targeting and challenges in development of targeted liposomal therapeutics specifically antibody-targeted liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupa R Sawant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Mugar Building, Room 312, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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47
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Doval DA, Fin A, Takahashi-Umebayashi M, Riezman H, Roux A, Sakai N, Matile S. Amphiphilic dynamic NDI and PDI probes: imaging microdomains in giant unilamellar vesicles. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:6087-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25119a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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48
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Li Y, Wang J, Wientjes MG, Au JLS. Delivery of nanomedicines to extracellular and intracellular compartments of a solid tumor. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64:29-39. [PMID: 21569804 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Revised: 04/17/2011] [Accepted: 04/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Advances in molecular medicines have led to identification of promising targets on cellular and molecular levels. These targets are located in extracellular and intracellular compartments. The latter include cytosol, nucleus, mitochondrion, Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum. This report gives an overview on the barriers to delivering nanomedicines to various target sites within a solid tumor, the experimental approaches to overcome such barriers, and the potential utility of nanotechnology.
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49
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Tang R, Ji W, Wang C. Synthesis and characterization of new poly(ortho ester amidine) copolymers for nonviral gene delivery. POLYMER 2011; 52:921-932. [PMID: 21479119 PMCID: PMC3072224 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A new type of pH-labile cationic polymers, poly(ortho ester amidine) (POEAmd) copolymers, has been synthesized and characterized with potential future application as gene delivery carriers. The acid-labile POEAmd copolymer was synthesized by polycondensation of a new ortho ester diamine monomer with dimethylaliphatimidates, and a non-acid-labile polyamidine (PAmd) copolymer was also synthesized for comparison using a triethylene glycol diamine monomer. Both copolymers were easily dissolved in water, and can efficiently bind and condense plasmid DNA at neutral pH, forming nano-scale polyplexes. The physico-chemical properties of the polyplexes have been studied using dynamic light scattering, gel electrophoresis, ethidium bromide exclusion, and heparin competition. The average size of the polyplexes was dependent on the amidine: phosphate (N:P) ratio of the polymers to DNA. Polyplexes containing the acid-labile POEAmd or the non-acid-labile PAmd showed similar average particle size, comparable strength of condensing DNA, and resistance to electrostatic destabilization. They also share similar metabolic toxicity to cells as measured by MTT assay. Importantly, the acid-labile polyplexes undergo accelerated polymer degradation at mildly-acid-pHs, resulting in increasing particle size and the release of intact DNA plasmid. Polyplexes from both types of polyamidines caused distinct changes in the scattering properties of Baby Hamster Kidney (BHK-21) cells, showing swelling and increasing intracellular granularity. These cellular responses are uniquely different from other cationic polymers such as polyethylenimine and point to stress-related mechanisms specific to the polyamidines. Gene transfection of BHK-21 cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. The positive yet modest transfection efficiency by the polyamidines (acid-labile and non-acid-labile alike) underscores the importance of balancing polymer degradation and DNA release with endosomal escape. Insights gained from studying such acid-labile polyamidine-based DNA carriers and their interaction with cells may contribute to improved design of practically useful gene delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupei Tang
- School of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Weihang Ji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 7-105 Hasselmo Hall, 312 Church Street S. E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 7-105 Hasselmo Hall, 312 Church Street S. E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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50
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Montenegro J, Fin A, Matile S. Comprehensive screening of octopus amphiphiles as DNA activators in lipid bilayers: implications on transport, sensing and cellular uptake. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:2641-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00948b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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