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Brás-Costa C, Chaves AFA, Cajado-Carvalho D, da Silva Pires D, Andrade-Silva D, Serrano SMT. Profilings of subproteomes of lectin-binding proteins of nine Bothrops venoms reveal variability driven by different glycan types. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2022; 1870:140795. [PMID: 35662639 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2022.140795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Snake venom proteomes have long been investigated to explore a multitude of biologically active components that are used for prey capture and defense, and are involved in the pathological effects observed upon mammalian envenomation. Glycosylation is a major protein post-translational modification in venoms and contributes to the diversification of proteomes. We have shown that Bothrops venoms are markedly defined by their content of glycoproteins, and that most N-glycan structures of eight Bothrops venoms contain sialic acid, while bisected N-acetylglucosamine was identified in Bothrops cotiara venom. To further investigate the mechanisms involved in the generation of different venoms by related snakes, here the glycoproteomes of nine Bothrops venoms (Bothrops atrox, B. cotiara, Bothrops erythromelas, Bothrops fonsecai, B. insularis, Bothrops jararaca, Bothrops jararacussu, Bothrops moojeni and Bothrops neuwiedi) were comparatively analyzed by enrichment with three lectins of different specificities, recognizing bisecting N-acetylglucosamine- and sialic acid-containing glycoproteins, and mass spectrometry. The lectin capture strategy generated venom fractions enriched with several glycoproteins, including metalloprotease, serine protease, and L- amino acid oxidase, in addition to various types of low abundant enzymes. The different contents of lectin-enriched proteins underscore novel aspects of the variability of the glycoprotein subproteomes of Bothrops venoms and point to the role of distinct types of glycan chains in generating different venoms by closely related snake species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Brás-Costa
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alison Felipe Alencar Chaves
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Cajado-Carvalho
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - David da Silva Pires
- Laboratory of Cell Cycle, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Débora Andrade-Silva
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Solange M T Serrano
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.
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2
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Occurrence of a D-arabinose-containing complex-type free-N-glycan in the urine of cancer patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4889. [PMID: 35318379 PMCID: PMC8941101 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08790-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary free-glycans are promising markers of disease. In this study, we attempted to identify novel tumor markers by focusing on neutral free-glycans in urine. Free-glycans extracted from the urine of normal subjects and cancer patients with gastric, colorectal, pancreatic and bile duct were fluorescently labeled with 2-aminopyridine. Profiles of these neutral free-glycans constructed using multidimensional high performance liquid chromatography separation were compared between normal controls and cancer patients. The analysis identified one glycan in the urine of cancer patients with a unique structure, which included a pentose residue. To reveal the glycan structure, the linkage fashion, monosaccharide species and enantiomer of the pentose were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry combined with several chemical treatments. The backbone of the glycan was a monoantennary complex-type free-N-glycan containing β1,4-branch. The pentose residue was attached to the antennal GlcNAc and released by α1,3/4-l-fucosidase. Intriguingly, the pentose residue was consistent with d-arabinose. Collectively, this glycan structure was determined to be Galβ1-4(d-Araβ1-3)GlcNAcβ1-4Manα1-3Manβ1-4GlcNAc-PA. Elevation of d-arabinose-containing free-glycans in the urine of cancer patients was confirmed by selected reaction monitoring. This is the first study to unequivocally show the occurrence of a d-arabinose-containing oligosaccharide in human together with its detailed structure.
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Tanaka-Okamoto M, Hanzawa K, Murakami H, Mukai M, Miyamoto Y. Identification of β1-3 galactosylglucose-core free-glycans in human urine. Anal Biochem 2021; 641:114427. [PMID: 34688604 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported the precise structure of acidic free-glycans in human urine. In the present study, structural analysis of neutral free-glycans in urine was performed in fine detail. Urine samples were collected from 21 healthy volunteers and free-glycans extracted from the creatinine-adjusted urine and then fluorescently labeled with 2-aminopyridine. Neutral glycan profiling was achieved by a combination of high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, enzymatic digestion, and periodate cleavage. A total of 79 glycans were identified. Because the ABO-blood group antigen containing urinary neutral glycans are major components, profiling patterns were similar between individuals of the same ABO-group. The neutral glycans were composed of lactose-core (Galβ1-4Glc) glycans, type-II N-acetyllactosamine-core (GlcNAcβ1-4Glc) glycans, hexose oligomers, N-glycans and to our surprise β1-3 galactosylglucose-core (Galβ1-3Glc) glycans. Although glycans with a β1-3 galactosylglucose-core were identified as major components in urine, comprising structurally simple isomers of a lactose-core, the core structure has not previously been reported. The major β1-3 galactosylglucose-core glycans were Fucα1-2Galβ1-3(Fucα1-4)Glc, GalNAcα1-3(Fucα1-2)Galβ1-3(Fucα1-4)Glc and Galα1-3(Fucα1-2)Galβ1-3(Fucα1-4)Glc, corresponding to H-, A-, and B-blood group antigens, respectively. Three lactosamine extended β1-3 galactosylglucose-core glycans were also detected as minor components. Elucidating the biosynthesis of β1-3 galactosylglucose will be crucial for understanding the in vivo function of these glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Tanaka-Okamoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Ken Hanzawa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Hiroko Murakami
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Mikio Mukai
- Department of Medical Checkup, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Miyamoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan.
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Sumya FT, Pokrovskaya ID, Lupashin V. Development and Initial Characterization of Cellular Models for COG Complex-Related CDG-II Diseases. Front Genet 2021; 12:733048. [PMID: 34603392 PMCID: PMC8484713 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.733048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Conserved Oligomeric Golgi (COG) is an octameric protein complex that orchestrates intra-Golgi trafficking of glycosylation enzymes. Over a hundred individuals with 31 different COG mutations have been identified until now. The cellular phenotypes and clinical presentations of COG-CDGs are heterogeneous, and patients primarily represent neurological, skeletal, and hepatic abnormalities. The establishment of a cellular COG disease model will benefit the molecular study of the disease, explaining the detailed sequence of the interplay between the COG complex and the trafficking machinery. Moreover, patient fibroblasts are not a good representative of all the organ systems and cell types that are affected by COG mutations. We developed and characterized cellular models for human COG4 mutations, specifically in RPE1 and HEK293T cell lines. Using a combination of CRISPR/Cas9 and lentiviral transduction technologies, both myc-tagged wild-type and mutant (G516R and R729W) COG4 proteins were expressed under the endogenous COG4 promoter. Constructed isogenic cell lines were comprehensively characterized using biochemical, microscopy (superresolution and electron), and proteomics approaches. The analysis revealed similar stability and localization of COG complex subunits, wild-type cell growth, and normal Golgi morphology in all three cell lines. Importantly, COG4-G516R cells demonstrated increased HPA-647 binding to the plasma membrane glycoconjugates, while COG4-R729W cells revealed high GNL-647 binding, indicating specific defects in O- and N-glycosylation. Both mutant cell lines express an elevated level of heparin sulfate proteoglycans. Moreover, a quantitative mass-spectrometry analysis of proteins secreted by COG-deficient cell lines revealed abnormal secretion of SIL1 and ERGIC-53 proteins by COG4-G516R cells. Interestingly, the clinical phenotype of patients with congenital mutations in the SIL1 gene (Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome) overlaps with the phenotype of COG4-G516R patients (Saul-Wilson syndrome). Our work is the first compressive study involving the creation of different COG mutations in different cell lines other than the patient's fibroblast. It may help to address the underlying cause of the phenotypic defects leading to the discovery of a proper treatment guideline for COG-CDGs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vladimir Lupashin
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
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Peptide Sequence Mapping around Bisecting GlcNAc-Bearing N-Glycans in Mouse Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168579. [PMID: 34445285 PMCID: PMC8395275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
N-glycosylation is essential for many biological processes in mammals. A variety of N-glycan structures exist, of which, the formation of bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) is catalyzed by N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-III (GnT-III, encoded by the Mgat3 gene). We previously identified various bisecting GlcNAc-modified proteins involved in Alzheimer's disease and cancer. However, the mechanisms by which GnT-III acts on the target proteins are unknown. Here, we performed comparative glycoproteomic analyses using brain membranes of wild type (WT) and Mgat3-deficient mice. Target glycoproteins of GnT-III were enriched with E4-phytohemagglutinin (PHA) lectin, which recognizes bisecting GlcNAc, and analyzed by liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry. We identified 32 N-glycosylation sites (Asn-Xaa-Ser/Thr, Xaa ≠ Pro) that were modified with bisecting GlcNAc. Sequence alignment of identified N-glycosylation sites that displayed bisecting GlcNAc suggested that GnT-III does not recognize a specific primary amino acid sequence. The molecular modeling of GluA1 as one of the good cell surface substrates for GnT-III in the brain, indicated that GnT-III acts on N-glycosylation sites located in a highly flexible and mobile loop of GluA1. These results suggest that the action of GnT-III is partially affected by the tertiary structure of target proteins, which can accommodate bisecting GlcNAc that generates a bulky flipped-back conformation of the modified glycans.
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6
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N-Glycomics of Human Erythrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158063. [PMID: 34360826 PMCID: PMC8347577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is a complex post-translational modification that conveys functional diversity to glycoconjugates. Cell surface glycosylation mediates several biological activities such as induction of the intracellular signaling pathway and pathogen recognition. Red blood cell (RBC) membrane N-glycans determine blood type and influence cell lifespan. Although several proteomic studies have been carried out, the glycosylation of RBC membrane proteins has not been systematically investigated. This work aims at exploring the human RBC N-glycome by high-sensitivity MALDI-MS techniques to outline a fingerprint of RBC N-glycans. To this purpose, the MALDI-TOF spectra of healthy subjects harboring different blood groups were acquired. Results showed the predominant occurrence of neutral and sialylated complex N-glycans with bisected N-acetylglucosamine and core- and/or antennary fucosylation. In the higher mass region, these species presented with multiple N-acetyllactosamine repeating units. Amongst the detected glycoforms, the presence of glycans bearing ABO(H) antigens allowed us to define a distinctive spectrum for each blood group. For the first time, advanced glycomic techniques have been applied to a comprehensive exploration of human RBC N-glycosylation, providing a new tool for the early detection of distinct glycome changes associated with disease conditions as well as for understanding the molecular recognition of pathogens.
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Fujihira H, Takakura D, Matsuda A, Abe M, Miyazaki M, Nakagawa T, Kajino K, Denda-Nagai K, Noji M, Hino O, Irimura T. Bisecting-GlcNAc on Asn388 is characteristic to ERC/mesothelin expressed on epithelioid mesothelioma cells. J Biochem 2021; 170:317-326. [PMID: 33792699 PMCID: PMC8510291 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvab044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesothelioma is a highly aggressive tumour associated with asbestos exposure and is histologically classified into three types: epithelioid-type, sarcomatoid-type and biphasic-type. The prognosis of mesothelioma patients is poor and there is no effective molecular-targeting therapy as yet. ERC/mesothelin is a glycoprotein that is highly expressed on several types of cancers including epithelioid mesothelioma, but also expressed on normal mesothelial cells. This is a predicted reason why there is no clinically approved therapeutic antibody targeting ERC/mesothelin. In the present study, we focussed on the differential glycosylation between ERC/mesothelin present on epithelioid mesothelioma and that on normal mesothelial cells and aimed to reveal a distinct feature of epithelioid mesothelioma cells. Lectin microarray analysis of ERC/mesothelin using cells and patient specimens showed significantly stronger binding of PHA-E4 lectin, which recognizes complex-type N-glycans having a so-called bisecting-GlcNAc structure, to ERC/mesothelin from epithelioid mesothelioma cells than that from normal mesothelial cells. Further, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis on ERC/mesothelin from epithelioid mesothelioma cells confirmed the presence of a bisecting-GlcNAc attached to Asn388 of ERC/mesothelin. These results suggest that this glycoproteome could serve as a potential target for the generation of a highly selective and safe therapeutic antibody for epithelioid mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiko Fujihira
- Division of Glycobiologics, Intractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.,Glycometabolic Biochemistry Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takakura
- Project for utilizing glycans in the development of innovative drug discovery technologies, Japan Bioindustry Association (JBA), Tokyo 104-0032, Japan.,Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Atsushi Matsuda
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masaaki Abe
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Michiyo Miyazaki
- Project for utilizing glycans in the development of innovative drug discovery technologies, Japan Bioindustry Association (JBA), Tokyo 104-0032, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakagawa
- Project for utilizing glycans in the development of innovative drug discovery technologies, Japan Bioindustry Association (JBA), Tokyo 104-0032, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kajino
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.,Department of Human Pathology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kaori Denda-Nagai
- Division of Glycobiologics, Intractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Miki Noji
- Division of Glycobiologics, Intractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Okio Hino
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Irimura
- Division of Glycobiologics, Intractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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Hanzawa K, Tanaka-Okamoto M, Murakami H, Mukai M, Takahashi H, Omori T, Ikezawa K, Ohkawa K, Ohue M, Miyamoto Y. Investigation of acidic free-glycans in urine and their alteration in cancer. Glycobiology 2020; 31:391-409. [PMID: 33135073 PMCID: PMC8091460 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations to glycans in cancer patients have been used to identify novel tumor biomarkers. Most of these studies have focused on protein glycosylation but less attention has been paid to free-glycans. Here, we analyzed acidic free-glycans in the urine of cancer patients to identify novel tumor marker candidates. Specifically, urine samples were collected from patients with gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer and cholangiocarcinoma as well as normal controls. The free-glycans were extracted from creatinine-adjusted urine and fluorescently labeled with 2-aminopyridine. Initially, we performed profiling of urinary free-glycans by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry with enzymatic and chemical degradation. More than 100 glycans, including novel structures, were identified. The chromatographic peaks suggested some of these glycans were present at elevated levels in cancer patients. To verify cancer-associated alterations, we compared the glycan levels between cancer patients and normal controls by selected reaction monitoring. Representative structures of glycans with elevated levels in cancer patients included the following: small glycans related to sialyllactose; sialyl Lewis X; lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans with LacNAc (type-I or II)-extensions and modifications of α1,3/4-fucose and/or 6-sulfate on the Glc/GlcNAc; free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X; novel NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/−Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans. Our results provide further insight into urinary free-glycans and suggest the potential utility of these compounds as tumor markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Hanzawa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Miki Tanaka-Okamoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Hiroko Murakami
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Mikio Mukai
- Department of Medical Checkup, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Hidenori Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Takeshi Omori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Kenji Ikezawa
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Ohkawa
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohue
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Miyamoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
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Xie Y, Sheng Y, Li Q, Ju S, Reyes J, Lebrilla CB. Determination of the glycoprotein specificity of lectins on cell membranes through oxidative proteomics. Chem Sci 2020; 11:9501-9512. [PMID: 34094216 PMCID: PMC8162070 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04199h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell membrane is composed of a network of glycoconjugates including glycoproteins and glycolipids that presents a dense matrix of carbohydrates playing critical roles in many biological processes. Lectin-based technology has been widely used to characterize glycoconjugates in tissues and cell lines. However, their specificity toward their putative glycan ligand and sensitivity in situ have been technologically difficult to study. Additionally, because they recognize primarily glycans, the underlying glycoprotein targets are generally not known. In this study, we employed lectin proximity oxidative labeling (Lectin PROXL) to identify cell surface glycoproteins that contain glycans that are recognized by lectins. Commonly used lectins were modified with a probe to produce hydroxide radicals in the proximity of the labeled lectins. The underlying polypeptides of the glycoproteins recognized by the lectins are oxidized and identified by the standard proteomic workflow. As a result, approximately 70% of identified glycoproteins were oxidized in situ by all the lectin probes, while only 5% of the total proteins were oxidized. The correlation between the glycosites and oxidation sites demonstrated the effectiveness of the lectin probes. The specificity and sensitivity of each lectin were determined using site-specific glycan information obtained through glycomic and glycoproteomic analyses. Notably, the sialic acid-binding lectins and the fucose-binding lectins had higher specificity and sensitivity compared to other lectins, while those that were specific to high mannose glycans have poor sensitivity and specificity. This method offers an unprecedented view of the interactions of lectins with specific glycoproteins as well as protein networks that are mediated by specific glycan types on cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis Davis California USA
| | - Ying Sheng
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Graduate Group, University of California Davis Davis California USA
| | - Qiongyu Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis Davis California USA
| | - Seunghye Ju
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis Davis California USA
| | - Joe Reyes
- Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City Philippines
| | - Carlito B Lebrilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis Davis California USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California Davis Davis California USA
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Legume Lectins: Proteins with Diverse Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061242. [PMID: 28604616 PMCID: PMC5486065 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectins are a diverse class of proteins distributed extensively in nature. Among these proteins; legume lectins display a variety of interesting features including antimicrobial; insecticidal and antitumor activities. Because lectins recognize and bind to specific glycoconjugates present on the surface of cells and intracellular structures; they can serve as potential target molecules for developing practical applications in the fields of food; agriculture; health and pharmaceutical research. This review presents the current knowledge of the main structural characteristics of legume lectins and the relationship of structure to the exhibited specificities; provides an overview of their particular antimicrobial; insecticidal and antitumor biological activities and describes possible applications based on the pattern of recognized glyco-targets.
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Nagae M, Soga K, Morita-Matsumoto K, Hanashima S, Ikeda A, Yamamoto K, Yamaguchi Y. Phytohemagglutinin from Phaseolus vulgaris (PHA-E) displays a novel glycan recognition mode using a common legume lectin fold. Glycobiology 2014; 24:368-78. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwu004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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12
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Nagae M, Yamanaka K, Hanashima S, Ikeda A, Morita-Matsumoto K, Satoh T, Matsumoto N, Yamamoto K, Yamaguchi Y. Recognition of bisecting N-acetylglucosamine: structural basis for asymmetric interaction with the mouse lectin dendritic cell inhibitory receptor 2. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:33598-33610. [PMID: 24108122 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.513572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell inhibitory receptor 2 (DCIR2) is a C-type lectin expressed on classical dendritic cells. We recently identified the unique ligand specificity of mouse DCIR2 (mDCIR2) toward biantennary complex-type glycans containing bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). Here, we report the crystal structures of the mDCIR2 carbohydrate recognition domain in unliganded form as well as in complex with an agalactosylated complex-type N-glycan unit carrying a bisecting GlcNAc residue. Bisecting GlcNAc and the α1-3 branch of the biantennary oligosaccharide asymmetrically interact with canonical and non-canonical mDCIR2 residues. Ligand-protein interactions occur directly through mDCIR2-characteristic amino acid residues as well as via a calcium ion and water molecule. Our structural and biochemical data elucidate for the first time the unique binding mode of mDCIR2 for bisecting GlcNAc-containing glycans, a mode that contrasts sharply with that of other immune C-type lectin receptors such as DC-SIGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamichi Nagae
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kousuke Yamanaka
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Shinya Hanashima
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Akemi Ikeda
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kana Morita-Matsumoto
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tadashi Satoh
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Naoki Matsumoto
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yamamoto
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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13
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Grodecka M, Bertrand O, Karolak E, Lisowski M, Waśniowska K. One-step immunopurification and lectinochemical characterization of the Duffy atypical chemokine receptor from human erythrocytes. Glycoconj J 2012; 29:93-105. [PMID: 22246380 PMCID: PMC3311851 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-011-9367-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Revised: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Duffy antigen/receptor for chemokines (DARC) is a glycosylated seven-transmembrane protein acting as a blood group antigen, a chemokine binding protein and a receptor for Plasmodium vivax malaria parasite. It is present on erythrocytes and endothelial cells of postcapillary venules. The N-terminal extracellular domain of the Duffy glycoprotein carries Fy(a)/Fy(b) blood group antigens and Fy6 linear epitope recognized by monoclonal antibodies. Previously, we have shown that recombinant Duffy protein expressed in K562 cells has three N-linked oligosaccharide chains, which are mainly of complex-type. Here we report a one-step purification method of Duffy protein from human erythrocytes. DARC was extracted from erythrocyte membranes in the presence of 1% n-dodecyl-β-D-maltoside (DDM) and 0.05% cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CHS) and purified by affinity chromatography using immobilized anti-Fy6 2C3 mouse monoclonal antibody. Duffy glycoprotein was eluted from the column with synthetic DFEDVWN peptide containing epitope for 2C3 monoclonal antibody. In this single-step immunoaffinity purification method we obtained highly purified DARC, which migrates in SDS-polyacrylamide gel as a major diffuse band corresponding to a molecular mass of 40-47 kDa. In ELISA purified Duffy glycoprotein binds anti-Duffy antibodies recognizing epitopes located on distinct regions of the molecule. Results of circular dichroism measurement indicate that purified DARC has a high content of α-helical secondary structure typical for chemokine receptors. Analysis of DARC glycans performed by means of lectin blotting and glycosidase digestion suggests that native Duffy N-glycans are mostly triantennary complex-type, terminated with α2-3- and α2-6-linked sialic acid residues with bisecting GlcNAc and α1-6-linked fucose at the core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Grodecka
- Department of Immunochemistry, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Olivier Bertrand
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR_S 665, F-75015 Paris, France
- Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Ewa Karolak
- Department of Immunochemistry, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marek Lisowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kazimiera Waśniowska
- Department of Immunochemistry, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Prószkowska 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland
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14
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Yamamoto K, Irimura T. Toshiaki Osawa: biochemistry of lectins and their applications in immunochemistry and cellular biology. J Biochem 2011; 150:477-82. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvr033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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15
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Fredriksson SA, Podbielska M, Nilsson B, Krotkiewska B, Lisowska E, Krotkiewski H. ABH blood group antigens in N-glycan of human glycophorin A. Arch Biochem Biophys 2010; 498:127-35. [PMID: 20434428 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Revised: 04/22/2010] [Accepted: 04/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We previously showed that a small proportion of the O-linked oligosaccharide chains of human glycophorin A (GPA) contains blood group A, B or H antigens, relevant to the ABO phenotype of the donor. The structures of these minor O-glycans have been established (Podbielska et al. (2004) [20]). By the use of immunochemical methods we obtained results indicating that ABH blood group epitopes are also present in N-glycan of human GPA (Podbielska and Krotkiewski (2000) [22]). In the present paper we report a detailed analysis of GPA N-glycans using nanoflow electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. N-glycans containing A-, B- and H-related sequences were identified in GPA preparations obtained from erythrocytes of blood group A, B and O donors, respectively. The ABH blood group epitopes are present on one antenna of the N-glycan, whereas a known sialylated sequence NeuAcalpha2-6Galbeta1-4GlcNAc- occurs on the other antenna and other details are in agreement with the known major structure of the GPA N-glycan. In the bulk of the biantennary sialylated N-glycans released from GPA preparations, the blood group ABH epitopes-containing N-glycans, similarly O-glycans, constituted only a minor part. The amount relative to other N-glycans was estimated to 2-6% of blood group H epitope-containing glycans released from GPA-O preparations and 1-2% of blood group A and B epitope-containing glycans, released from GPA-A and GPA-B, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sten-Ake Fredriksson
- Swedish Defence Research Agency, Division of CBRN Defence and Security, SE-901 82 Umeå, Sweden
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16
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Cummings RD. The repertoire of glycan determinants in the human glycome. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2009; 5:1087-104. [PMID: 19756298 DOI: 10.1039/b907931a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The number of glycan determinants that comprise the human glycome is not known. This uncertainty arises from limited knowledge of the total number of distinct glycans and glycan structures in the human glycome, as well as limited information about the glycan determinants recognized by glycan-binding proteins (GBPs), which include lectins, receptors, toxins, microbial adhesins, antibodies, and enzymes. Available evidence indicates that GBP binding sites may accommodate glycan determinants made up of 2 to 6 linear monosaccharides, together with their potential side chains containing other sugars and modifications, such as sulfation, phosphorylation, and acetylation. Glycosaminoglycans, including heparin and heparan sulfate, comprise repeating disaccharide motifs, where a linear sequence of 5 to 6 monosaccharides may be required for recognition. Based on our current knowledge of the composition of the glycome and the size of GBP binding sites, glycoproteins and glycolipids may contain approximately 3000 glycan determinants with an additional approximately 4000 theoretical pentasaccharide sequences in glycosaminoglycans. These numbers provide an achievable target for new chemical and/or enzymatic syntheses, and raise new challenges for defining the total glycome and the determinants recognized by GBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Cummings
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd. #4001, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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17
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Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) blood group antigens are polymorphic, inherited, carbohydrate or protein structures located on the extracellular surface of the RBC membrane. They contribute to the architecture of the RBC membrane, and their individual function(s) are being slowly revealed. The biological qualities assigned to these RBC membrane structures are based on observed physiological alteration in RBCs that lack the component, by documenting similarities in its protein sequence (predicted from the nucleotide sequence of the gene) to proteins of known function and by extrapolation to identified functional homologues in other cells. The varied roles of RBC antigens include membrane structural integrity, the transport of molecules through the membrane, as receptors for extracellular ligands, adhesion molecules, enzymes, complement components and regulators, and in glycocalyx formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion E Reid
- Laboratology of Immunology and the Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, 310 E. 67th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA
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18
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Kui Wong N, Easton RL, Panico M, Sutton-Smith M, Morrison JC, Lattanzio FA, Morris HR, Clark GF, Dell A, Patankar MS. Characterization of the oligosaccharides associated with the human ovarian tumor marker CA125. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:28619-34. [PMID: 12734200 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m302741200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CA125 is a mucin commonly employed as a diagnostic marker for epithelial ovarian cancer. Induction of humoral responses to CA125 leads to increased survival times in patients with this form of cancer, suggesting a potential role for this mucin in tumor progression. In this study, oligosaccharides linked to CA125 derived from the human ovarian tumor cell line OVCAR-3 were subjected to rigorous biophysical analysis. Sequencing of the O-glycans indicates the presence of both core type 1 and type 2 glycans. An unusual feature is the expression of branched core 1 antennae in the core type 2 glycans. CA125 is also N-glycosylated, expressing primarily high mannose and complex bisecting type N-linked glycans. High mannose type glycans include Man5-Man9GlcNAc2. The predominant N-glycans are the biantennary, triantennary, and tetraantennary bisecting type oligosaccharides. Remarkably, the N-glycosylation profiles of CA125 and the envelope glycoprotein gp120 (derived from H9 lymphoblastoid cells chronically infected with HIV-1) are very similar. The CA125-associated N-glycans have also recently been implicated in crucial recognition events involved in both the innate and adaptive arms of the cell-mediated immune response. CA125 may therefore induce specific immunomodulatory effects by employing its carbohydrate sequences as functional groups, thereby promoting tumor progression. Immunotherapy directed against CA125 may attenuate these immunosuppressive effects, leading to the prolonged survival of patients with this extremely serious form of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyet Kui Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW7 2AY, United Kingdom
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19
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Lee KY, Kim HG, Hwang MR, Chae JI, Yang JM, Lee YC, Choo YK, Lee YI, Lee SS, Do SI. The Hexapeptide inhibitor of Galbeta 1,3GalNAc-specific alpha 2,3-sialyltransferase as a generic inhibitor of sialyltransferases. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:49341-51. [PMID: 12379642 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m209618200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian Galbeta1,3GalNAc-specific alpha2,3-sialyltransferase (ST3Gal I) was expressed as a secreted glycoprotein in High Five (Trichoplusia ni) cells. Using this recombinant ST3Gal I, we screened the synthetic hexapeptide combinatorial library to explore a sialyltransferase inhibitor. We found that the hexapeptide, NH(2)-GNWWWW, exhibited the most strong inhibition of ST3Gal I among five different hexapeptides that were finally selected. The kinetic analysis of ST3Gal I inhibition demonstrated that this hexapeptide could act as a competitive inhibitor (K(i) = 1.1 microm) on CMP-NeuAc binding to the enzyme. Moreover, the hexapeptide was shown to strongly inhibit both N-glycan-specific alpha2,3- and alpha2,6-sialyltranferase in vitro, suggesting that this peptide may inhibit the broad range of sialyltransferases regardless of their linkage specificity. The inhibitory activity in vivo was investigated by RCA-I lectin blot analyses and by metabolic d-[6-(3)H]GlcNH(2) radiolabeling analyses of N- and O-linked oligosaccharides in Chines hamster ovary cells. Our results demonstrate that the hexapeptide can act as a generic inhibitor of the N- and O-glycan-specific sialyltransferases in mammalian cells, which results in the significantly reduced NeuAc expression on cellular glycoproteins in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Young Lee
- Animal Cell and Medical Glycobiology Laboratory and Liver Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, P.O. Box 115, Yusung, Taejon 305-333, South Korea
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20
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Chapter 7 Lectin-affinity chromatography of carbohydrates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4770(02)80032-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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21
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Auffray I, Marfatia S, de Jong K, Lee G, Huang CH, Paszty C, Tanner MJ, Mohandas N, Chasis JA. Glycophorin A dimerization and band 3 interaction during erythroid membrane biogenesis: in vivo studies in human glycophorin A transgenic mice. Blood 2001; 97:2872-8. [PMID: 11313283 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v97.9.2872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Band 3 and glycophorin A (GPA) are the 2 most abundant integral proteins in the human erythrocyte membrane. Earlier studies suggested that the 2 proteins may associate not only in the mature erythrocyte membrane, but also during their posttranslational processing and intracellular trafficking. The purpose of this study was to directly examine the GPA-band 3 interaction in vivo and determine the nature of this association during erythroid membrane biogenesis. Transgenic mice were generated expressing the human glycophorin A gene and were used to examine how the induction of human GPA expression affected the levels of murine GPA and band 3 expression in the red cell membrane. Murine GPA expression was reduced in erythrocytes expressing human GPA, whereas the level of band 3 expression remained constant, implying a tight coupling of band 3 and GPA expression in the membrane of mature red cells. In vivo GPA dimerization was not modulated solely by the GPA transmembrane motif, but the distance between this motif and the basic residues on the cytoplasmic side of the transmembrane domain may also be important. In addition, GPA monomers with varying degrees of glycosylation dimerized, providing clear evidence that carbohydrate structures on the extracellular domain do not affect dimerization. The association between the multiple transmembrane-spanning protein, band 3, and the single transmembrane-spanning sialoglycoprotein, GPA, may serve as a model for interactions of other multi-pass and single-pass polypeptides during membrane biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Auffray
- Life Sciences Division, University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley 94720, USA
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22
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Wu AM, Song SC, Tsai MS, Herp A. A Guide to the Carbohydrate Specificities of Applied Lectins-2. THE MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY OF COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES —2 2001; 491:551-85. [PMID: 14533822 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-1267-7_37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A M Wu
- Glyco-Immunochemistry Research Laboratory, Chang-Gung Medical College, Chang-Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan 33332, Taiwan.
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23
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Beppu M, Yokoyama N, Motohashi M, Kikugawa K. Enhanced adhesion of oxidized mouse polymorphonuclear leukocytes to macrophages by a cell-surface sugar-dependent mechanism. Biol Pharm Bull 2001; 24:19-26. [PMID: 11201240 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.24.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mouse thioglycollate-induced peritoneal macrophages effectively, in the absence of serum, recognized mouse polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) mildly oxidized with diamide, superoxide (hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase) or t-butyhydroperoxide, or modified with N-ethylmaleimide (NEM). The recognition reached a maximum when PMNs were treated wtih each of the reagents at relatively low concentrations, and the recognition was decreased on treatment with reagents at higher concentrations. Glutathione depletion in the diamide-oxidized PMNs may cause enhanced adhesion to macrophages. Sialylated sugar chains attached to a peptide chain in glycophorin A and sialylated poly-N-acetyllactosaminyl sugar chains in lactoferrin and band 3 glycoprotein effectively inhibited the increased adhesion of the diamide-oxidized PMNs. Enzymatic removal of sialyl residues and the degradation of poly-N-acetyllactosaminyl sugar chains by pretreatment of PMNs with neuraminidase or endo-beta-galactosidase, respectively, lost their increasing ability for macrophage adhesion after oxidation with diamide, superoxide or t-butylhydroperoxide. Clustered sialylated poly-N-acetyllactosaminyl sugar chains on the cell surface may be involved in the increased adhesion of the oxidized PMNs to macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Beppu
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Hachioji, Japan
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24
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Sasaki T, Endo T. Both cell-surface carbohydrates and protein tyrosine phosphatase are involved in the differentiation of astrocytes in vitro. Glia 2000; 32:60-70. [PMID: 10975911 DOI: 10.1002/1098-1136(200010)32:1<60::aid-glia60>3.0.co;2-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes are important in the development and maintenance of functions of the CNS, acting in cooperation with neurons and other glial cells. The glycans on astrocyte membrane are believed to play important roles in cell-cell communication. Plant lectins are useful probes, because the lectins can bind to certain cell surface receptors and elicit cellular responses that are normally activated by endogenous ligands for those receptors. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Datura stramonium agglutinin (DSA) on astrocytes and characterized several molecular events. The addition of DSA to a culture of flat, polygonal, immature astrocytes derived from the neonatal rat cerebellum caused the cells to become stellate in shape, similar to astrocytes observed in vivo, concomitant with an increase in expression of astrocyte-specific intermediate filament (glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP]) and inhibition of proliferation. These results indicate that DSA binds to astrocytes and triggers differentiation. We also found a decrease in the extent of tyrosine-phosphorylation of a 38-kDa protein. To elucidate the molecular events during astrocyte differentiation, we examined the effects of various signal transduction inhibitors on the transformation from the polygonal to stellate shape (stellation). Interestingly, only tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors, orthovanadate and phenylarsine oxide, showed an inhibitory effect. Our results suggest that DSA induced astrocyte differentiation acts via tyrosine dephosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sasaki
- Department of Glycobiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Yanagida K, Natsuka S, Hase S. A pyridylamination method aimed at automatic oligosaccharide analysis of N-linked sugar chains. Anal Biochem 1999; 274:229-34. [PMID: 10527520 DOI: 10.1006/abio.1999.4263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The procedure for preparation of pyridylaminated sugar chains from glycoproteins was improved with a view to its eventual automation. Following on the coupling reaction improvement already reported [N. Kuraya and S. Hase (1992) J. Biochem. 112, 122-126], two further aspects were improved in this study. Instead of sodium bicarbonate-acetic anhydride, volatile reagents were adopted for the re-N-acetylation of hexosamine residues after hydrazinolysis to give rapid removal of excess reagents. Subsequent to the pyridylamination reaction, excess reagents were removed by cation-exchange to isolate the pyridylaminated oligosaccharides in place of gel filtration. These alterations rendered a one-pot reaction possible and resulted in a large reduction in the amount of time needed compared with other methods so far reported. The procedure was successfully applied to the detection of sugar chains from Taka-amylase A and human erythrocyte membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yanagida
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
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26
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Pancoska P, Janota V, Keiderling TA. Novel matrix descriptor for secondary structure segments in proteins: demonstration of predictability from circular dichroism spectra. Anal Biochem 1999; 267:72-83. [PMID: 9918657 DOI: 10.1006/abio.1998.2960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An extension to standard protein secondary structure predictions using optical spectra that encompasses the number and average lengths of segments of uniform secondary structure in the sequence is demonstrated. The connectivity and numbers of segments can be described by a matrix descriptor [sij] (i, j representing segment types such as helix and beta-sheet strands). Independent knowledge of the fractional concentration of each secondary structure type and of the total number of residues in the protein then with [sij] yields the average segment length of each type. The physical background for prediction of this extended structural descriptor from spectral data is summarized, rules for its generation from reference X-ray structures are defined, and formal variants of its form are discussed. Using a novel neural network approach to analyze a training set of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra for 23 proteins, matrix descriptors encompassing helix, sheet, and other forms are predicted. The results show that the matrix descriptor can be predicted to an accuracy comparable to that of conventionally predicted average fractional secondary structures. In this respect the ECD predictions of [sij] were significantly more accurate than the VCD ones, which may result from the longer range length dependence of the ECD bandshape and intensity. Summary results for a parallel analysis using Fourier transform infrared spectra indicate somewhat lower reliability than those for VCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pancoska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, M/C 111, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061, USA
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27
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Hong SP, Lee YM, Nakamura H. Development and applications of a chemical method for sequential analysis of reducing oligosaccharides. Arch Pharm Res 1997; 20:184-90. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02974008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/1997] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Laidler P, Litynska A. Arylsulfatase A from human placenta possesses only high mannose-type glycans. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 1997; 29:475-83. [PMID: 9202426 DOI: 10.1016/s1357-2725(96)00164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown that the concentration of arylsulfatase A increases in the body fluids of patients with some forms of cancer and the carbohydrate component of arylsulfatase A synthesized in tumor tissues and transformed cells undergoes increased sialylation, phosphorylation and sulfation. The specificity of changes in the glycosylation of glycoproteins in cancer is still unknown. To understand the significance of any changes in glycosylation of arylsulfatase A in cancer, it is important to know the structure of its carbohydrate component in normal tissue. Here, carbohydrate moieties of human placental arylsulfatase A were studied by sequential lectin affinity chromatography after enzymatic cleavage and labelling with tritiated sodium borohydride. Labelled oligosaccharides were subjected to ion exchange chromatography. The uncharged fraction and the neuraminidase treated charged fraction were further analysed using the lectins: Concanavalin A (Con A), Ricinus communis (RCA I), Triticum vulgaris (L-PHA) and Aleuria aurantia (AAL). The results indicated that 97% of the arylsulfatase A oligosaccharides were low molecular weight high mannose type glycans possessing up to 5 mannose residues. This was supported by the approximately 2.4 kDa decrease in the molecular weight of arylsulfatase. A subunits upon complete peptide N-glycosidase F deglycosylation, as shown using SDS-PAGE. The remaining 3% of the arylsulfatase A oligosaccharides were of the high mannose type, possessing more than 5 mannose residues. Most (97.5%) of the glycans were uncharged, while 2.5% were charged. Neuraminidase treatment of the latter did not remove the charge, suggesting the presence of phosphate or sulfate residues. This study, of arylsulfatase A oligosaccharides separated from the protein part, shows that all glycans of the enzyme from human placenta are of the high mannose type.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Laidler
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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29
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30
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Endo T. Fractionation of glycoprotein-derived oligosaccharides by affinity chromatography using immobilized lectin columns. J Chromatogr A 1996; 720:251-61. [PMID: 8601194 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(95)00220-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Lectin affinity column chromatography is becoming a method of choice for the fractionation and purification of oligosaccharides, especially N-linked oligosaccharides. Using lectin affinity, it is easy to separate structural isomers and to isolate oligosaccharides based on specific features. Further, serial lectin column chromatography, when various lectin columns are used at the same time, can afford a very sensitive method for the fractionation and characterization of extremely small amounts of oligosaccharides. Thus, when used in conjunction with other separation techniques, lectin affinity chromatography can help to purify rapidly oligosaccharides and provide substantial information about their structural features.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Endo
- Department of Glycobiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Japan
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31
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Ramsden JJ, Wright CS. The interaction between wheat germ agglutinin and membrane incorporated glycophorin A. An optical binding study. Glycoconj J 1995; 12:113-21. [PMID: 7620327 DOI: 10.1007/bf00731354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A novel integrated optical technique is used to monitor the kinetics of incorporation of glycophorin A (GPA) from solution into a planar dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine-cholesterol bilayer membrane, and the subsequent binding of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) to the membrane-incorporated GPA. The technique significantly improves the attainable accuracy of kinetic measurements. The number of bound molecules can be determined to a precision of ca +/- 80 mol microns-2. Our results show that GPA incorporates spontaneously into the bilayer. Binding of WGA to GPA is optimal in the presence of human serum albumin, and can be reversed by N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. The kinetics of the binding are consistent with the presence of two classes of kinetically distinguishable binding sites with association rates of 2.0 x 10(4) and 9.6 x 10(2) M-1 s-1, and dissociation rates of 2.7 x 10(-3) s-1 and < 10(-5) s-1, respectively. A stoichiometry of 4 WGA monomers per GPA monomer was determined as characteristic of the overall binding interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ramsden
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Biozentrum, Basle, Switzerland
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32
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Yamamoto K, Tsuji T, Osawa T. Analysis of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides by sequential lectin affinity chromatography. Mol Biotechnol 1995; 3:25-36. [PMID: 7541703 DOI: 10.1007/bf02821332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are proteins that specifically bind to a particular carbohydrate structure. Affinity chromatography with immobilized lectins is a quite effective technique not only for the fractionation of glycoproteins or oligosaccharides but also their structural assessment. In this article, we focus on the separation of glycopeptides and oligosaccharides derived from glycoproteins by affinity chromatography on immobilized lectin columns.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yamamoto
- Division of Chemical Toxicology and Immunochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan
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Yamamoto K, Ishida C, Shinohara Y, Hasegawa Y, Konami Y, Osawa T, Irimura T. Interaction of immobilized recombinant mouse C-type macrophage lectin with glycopeptides and oligosaccharides. Biochemistry 1994; 33:8159-66. [PMID: 7517698 DOI: 10.1021/bi00192a021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory and tumoricidal macrophages express galactose- and N-acetylgalactosamine-specific Ca(2+)-dependent lectins on their surfaces. This lectin is a family member of membrane-bound C-type animal lectins and consists of 304 amino acid residues (molecular weight 34,595). In the present study, expression vectors containing a nucleotide sequence corresponding to the carbohydrate-binding domain of mouse macrophage lectin cDNA have been prepared. The carbohydrate-binding specificity of the recombinant macrophage lectin expressed in Escherichia coli was investigated by comparing elution profiles of various glycopeptides having defined carbohydrate structures on immobilized lectins. When elution profiles of high mannose-type and complex-type Asn-linked carbohydrate chains were compared, the degree of retardation from immobilized macrophage lectin column was in the order tetraantennary complex-type with terminal galactosyl residues > triantennary complex-type with terminal galactosyl residues > biantennary complex-type with terminal galactosyl residues > high mannose-type glycopeptides. N-Terminal octapeptides from human glycophorin A that bore three NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal beta 1-3(NeuAc alpha 2-6)GalNAc serine/threonine-linked tetrasaccharide chains and their sequentially deglycosylated derivatives were also applied to this column. Glycopeptides carrying three constitutive GalNAc-Ser/Thr(Tn-antigen) had the strongest affinity, whereas those with fully sialylated carbohydrate tetrasaccharide chains showed weak interaction. The association kinetics of Asn-linked glycopeptides from bovine asialofetuin to recombinant macrophage lectin was determined by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. The results indicate k(assoc) value of 1.63 x 10(4) M-1 s-1. The calculated value for Ka was 6.20 x 10(7) M.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yamamoto
- Division of Chemical Toxicology and Immunochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan
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Konami Y, Yamamoto K, Osawa T, Irimura T. Strong affinity of Maackia amurensis hemagglutinin (MAH) for sialic acid-containing Ser/Thr-linked carbohydrate chains of N-terminal octapeptides from human glycophorin A. FEBS Lett 1994; 342:334-8. [PMID: 8150094 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(94)80527-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of the Maackia amurensis hemagglutinin (MAH) with various glycopeptides and oligosaccharides was investigated by means of immobilized lectin affinity chromatography. An amino terminal octapeptide obtained from human glycophorin A having three Neu5Ac alpha 2-->3Gal beta 1-->3(Neu5Ac alpha 2-->6)GalNAc tetrasaccharide chains, designated as CB-II, was found to have an extremely strong affinity for MAH. Therefore, it is strongly suggested that hemagglutination by MAH was caused by its interaction with Ser/Thr-linked carbohydrate chains of human glycophorin A on erythrocyte membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Konami
- Division of Chemical Toxicology and Immunochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan
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35
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Abstract
A major problem of using red cells as the solid phase in assay systems is the difficulty to bind them strongly to appropriate surfaces. We report here on a number of lectins of different specificities which were examined for their ability to bind red cells to polystyrene 96-well microtitre plates. The use of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen-specific lectins, jacalin, mushroom and Maclura pomifera agglutinin proved the most useful for ABO reverse grouping. Jacalin-coated plates were also compared with plates coated with poly-L-lysine and bovine serum albumin/glutaraldehyde for the binding of erythrocyte membranes and were found to be superior. We also describe the colorimetric detection of the solid phase red cell antibody reaction by using an indicator erythrocyte and peroxidase chromogenic substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Green
- Natal Institute of Immunology, Durban, South Africa
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36
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Schaumann C, Oesch F, Unger KK, Weiser RJ. Analytical technique for studying the structure of glycoprotein N-glycans. J Chromatogr A 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(99)87024-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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37
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Structural and functional analysis of the human vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor glycosylation. Alteration of receptor function by wheat germ agglutinin. J Biol Chem 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53776-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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38
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Goto M, Sunamoto J. Effect of Artificial Boundary Lipid on the Membrane Dynamics of Human Glycophorin-Containing Liposome. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1992. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.65.3331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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39
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Nishikawa A, Ihara Y, Hatakeyama M, Kangawa K, Taniguchi N. Purification, cDNA cloning, and expression of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine: beta-D-mannoside beta-1,4N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III from rat kidney. J Biol Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)37172-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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40
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Kim DH, Kanno C, Mizokami Y. Purification and characterization of major glycoproteins, PAS-6 and PAS-7, from bovine milk fat globule membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1992; 1122:203-11. [PMID: 1643094 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(92)90325-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Two major glycoproteins (PAS-6 and PAS-7) from bovine milk fat globule membrane were selectively extracted with urea and KCl, co-purified by repeated gel filtration on Sephacryl S-200 and then separated by affinity chromatography on concanavalin A-agarose column. The two purified glycoproteins showed a single band by SDS-PAGE, and their molecular masses were estimated to be 50 kDa for PAS-6 and 47 kDa for PAS-7. Both PAS-6 and PAS-7 were resolved several variants by analytical isoelectric focusing. These were shifted to a single band at pI 6.2 for PAS-6 and at pI 6.5 for PAS-7 by neuraminidase. PAS-6 contained 7.1% and PAS-7 5.5% of carbohydrate; the molar ratio of fucose:mannose:galactose:N-acetyl galactosamine:N-acetyl glucosamine:sialic acid was 1.0:3.0:2.0:6.1:5.0:1.3 for PAS-6 and 1.0:3.1:2.2:0:4.1:1.1 for PAS-7. Mild alkaline treatment and affinity to various lectins indicated that PAS-6 had O- and N-linked oligosaccharide chains, while PAS-7 had only the N-linked type. The major amino acid residues of PAS-6 were Glu, Ser and Gly, and those of PAS-7 were Asp, Glu, Gly and Leu. The N-terminal amino acids of both glycoproteins were blocked. PAS-6 and PAS-7 digested with trypsin had a different peptide map, two major peptides having the same retention time on HPLC and being common to PAS-6 and PAS-7 having the same amino acid sequences of H-Gln-Ser-Gly-Asn-Lys-Asn-Pro-Ser-Glu-Ile-Ser-OH and H-Ile-Phe-Pro-Gly-Asn-Met-Asp-Asn-Ser-His-Lys-OH.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Kim
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Japan
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41
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Beppu M, Mizukami A, Ando K, Kikugawa K. Antigenic determinants of senescent antigen of human erythrocytes are located in sialylated carbohydrate chains of Band 3 glycoprotein. J Biol Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)42096-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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42
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Kobata A, Endo T. Immobilized lectin columns: useful tools for the fractionation and structural analysis of oligosaccharides. J Chromatogr A 1992; 597:111-22. [PMID: 1517308 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(92)80101-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Elucidation of the binding specificity of a concanavalin A-Sepharose column led to the possibility of the affinity chromatography of oligosaccharides and glycopeptides with the use of immobilized lectin columns. Subsequent addition of immobilized erythroagglutinating phytohaemagglutinin, Aleuria aurantia lectin, Datura stramonium agglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin and Allomyrina dichotoma agglutinin to the range of well characterized lectin columns has afforded a way to fractionate a mixture of N-linked oligosaccharides even to a single component.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kobata
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Tokyo, Japan
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43
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Landemore G, Oulhaj N, Letaïef SE, Izard J. The major Kurloff cell glycoproteins: lectin affinities, glycosidase susceptibilities and relationship with the sialylated acid phosphatases of the Kurloff body. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1992; 1116:112-21. [PMID: 1581339 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(92)90107-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Urea-soluble fractions from purified Kurloff cells (KC) were analysed by affinoblotting. Lectin reactivities were quasi-exclusively confined to the 30-35 kDa major glycoproteins (mGPs) (responsible for the PAS positivity of the Kurloff body) with strong affinities for Canavalia ensiformis lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris erythroagglutinin and Sambucus nigra (SNA), Pisum sativum, Triticum vulgaris and Ulex europeus agglutinins. These data were consistent with the presence, among the KC mGPs, of large amounts of complex or hybrid N-glycosylproteins, in particular with Neu5Ac alpha 2,6Gal/GalNAc sequences, fucosyl residues and bisected residues. Their oligosaccharide sequences belong to more than one class, since some of these lectin reactivities had to be borne by distinct N-linked oligosaccharide chains. Before further analysis, KC mGPs were separated from other highly anionic glycoconjugates, by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Their abundant potential RCA-binding sites masked by sialic acid were then revealed after neuraminidase (sialidase) or dilute acid pre-treatment. In remaining consistent with their lectin affinities, some KC mGPs were found to be PNGase F sensitive, while, either desialylated or not, they were all O-glycanase insensitive. Finally, by combined zymography and affinoblotting, the SNA-reactive fraction of KC mGPs was shown to correspond to denatured forms of the two zymographic size populations (190 kDa and 500 kDa) of KC acid phosphatases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Landemore
- Laboratoire d'Histologie, UFR de Médecine, Université de Caen, CHU Côte de Nacre, France
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44
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Abstract
Human RBCs glycophorins are integral membrane proteins rich in sialic acids that carry blood group antigenic determinants and serve as ligands for viruses, bacteria, and parasites. These molecules have long been used as a general model of membrane proteins and as markers to study normal and pathological differentiation of the erythroid tissue. The RBC glycophorins known as GPA, GPB, GPC, GPD, and GPE have recently been fully characterized at both the protein and the DNA levels, and these studies have demonstrated conclusively that these molecules can be subdivided into two groups that are distinguished by distinct properties. The first group includes the major proteins GPA and GPB, which carry the MN and Ss blood group antigens, respectively, and a recently characterized protein, GPE, presumably expressed at a low level on RBCs. All three proteins are structurally homologous and are essentially erythroid specific. The respective genes are also strikingly homologous up to a transition site defined by an Alu repeat sequence located about 1 Kb downstream from the exon encoding the transmembrane regions. Downstream of the transition site, the GPB and GPE sequences are still homologous, but diverge completely from those of GPA. The three glycophorin genes are organized in tandem on chromosome 4q28-q31, and define a small gene cluster that presumably evolved by duplication from a common ancestral gene. Most likely two sequential duplications occurred, the first, about 9 to 35 million years ago, generated a direct precursor of the GPA gene, and the second, about 5 to 21 million years ago, generated the GPB and GPE genes and that involved a gene that acquired its specific 3' end by homologous recombination through Alu repeats. Numerous variants of GPA and GPB usually detected by abnormal expression of the blood group MNSs antigens are known. An increasing number of these variants have been structurally defined by protein and molecular genetic analyses, and have been shown to result from point mutations, gene deletions, hybrid gene fusion products generated by unequal crossing-over (not at Alu repeats), and microconversion events. The second group of RBC membrane glycophorins includes the minor proteins GPC and GPD both of which carry blood group Gerbich antigens. Protein and nucleic acid analysis indicated that GPD is a truncated form of GPC in its N-terminal region, and that both proteins are produced by a unique gene called GE (Gerbich), which is present as a single copy per haploid genome and is located on chromosome 2q14-q21.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Cartron
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Unité U76), Paris, France
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Angel AS, Grönberg G, Krotkiewski H, Lisowska E, Nilsson B. Structural analysis of the N-linked oligosaccharides from murine glycophorin. Arch Biochem Biophys 1991; 291:76-88. [PMID: 1929437 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(91)90107-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Glycophorins, isolated from BALB/c mouse erythrocytes, were degraded under mild and strong reductive alkaline conditions and the N-linked oligosaccharides were isolated as alditols. The oligosaccharide alditols were fractionated and purified using gel filtration, concanavalin A-Sepharose affinity chromatography, and high-performance ion-exchange chromatography. Structural analysis was carried out by chemical analyses, periodate oxidation in combination with fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, and 500-MHz 1H NMR spectroscopy. The results revealed the presence of sialylated biantennary, triantennary, and tetraantennary complex type oligosaccharides, all fucosylated at the innermost N-acetylglucosamine residue. The tri- and tetraantennary oligosaccharide-containing fractions also contained species elongated by one and/or two N-acetyllactosamine (-3Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-) sequences. The N-linked oligosaccharides were shown to be combined only with one (the low molecular weight) of the two mouse glycophorins.
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46
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Coding and classification of d-galactose, N-acetyl-d-galactosamine, and β-d-Galp-[1→3(4)]-β-d-GlcpNAc, specificities of applied lectins. Carbohydr Res 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)90604-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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47
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Carlsson SR, Fukuda M. The polylactosaminoglycans of human lysosomal membrane glycoproteins lamp-1 and lamp-2. Localization on the peptide backbones. J Biol Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)30530-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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48
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Affiliation(s)
- D Blanchard
- Centre Régional de Transfusion Sanguine, Nantes, France
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49
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Yamazaki F, Kitajima T, Nukada T, Ito Y, Ogawa T. Synthesis of an appropriately protected core glycotetraoside, a key intermediate for the synthesis of "bisected" complex-type glycans of a glycoprotein. Carbohydr Res 1990; 201:15-30. [PMID: 2208189 DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(90)84222-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A stereocontrolled synthetic route to a glycotetraoside, allyl O-(3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1--- -4)-O- (3,6-di-O-allyl-2-O-benzyl-beta-D-mannopyranosyl)-(1----4)-O-3, 6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1----4)-3-O- benzyl- 2-deoxy-6-O-p-methoxy-phenyl-2-phthalimido-beta-D-glucopyranoside, an important intermediate for the synthesis of "bisected" complex type glycans of glycoproteins has been established by employing two glycosyl donors, 3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-beta-D-glucopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate and 4-O-acetyl-3,6-di-O-allyl-2-O-benzyl-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl bromide, and a glycosyl acceptor, allyl O-(3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1----4) -3-O- benzyl-2-deoxy-6-O-p-methoxyphenyl-2-phthalimido-beta-D-glucopyranoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Yamazaki
- Riken (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), Saitama, Japan
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50
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Sunamoto J, Nagai K, Goto M, Lindman B. Deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance studies on the interaction of glycophorin with 1,2-dimyristoylamido-1,2-deoxyphosphatidylcholine. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1990; 1024:220-6. [PMID: 2162203 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(90)90347-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Membrane dynamics of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) lipid bilayer which contains glycophorin with an artificial boundary lipid, 1,2-dimyristoylamido-1,2-deoxyphosphatidylcholine (DDPC), was investigated by 2H-NMR technique. For this purpose, both DMPC and DDPC were deuterated at the position of the 8th carbon atom of their acyl chains. Comparing, with DMPC bilayers, DDPC bilayers showed larger deuterium quadrupole splitting (delta nu rho) by approx. 2 kHz. This was explicable in terms of the stabilization of the membrane due to the formation of a strong hydrogen bonding in bilayers. Addition of glycophorin to the DMPC or DDPC single bilayers caused an increase in the delta nu rho value. The delta nu rho value of DMPC/DDPC mixed lipid bilayer was smaller than that of each single lipid bilayer DDPC in the DDPC/DMPC mixed bilayer was not phase-separated but homogeneously distributed. In glycophorin-reconstituted DMPC-d4/DDPC mixed bilayers, the delta nu rho of DMPC-d4 was almost identical to that of the simple DMPC-d4 bilayer. On the other hand, the delta nu rho of DDPC-d4 in the DMPC/DDPC-d4 mixed bilayer increased significantly upon the reconstitution of glycophorin. Judging from these data, we concluded that, in the DDPC/DMPC mixed bilayer which contains glycophorin, DMPC simply behaves as the matrix lipid, while DDPC surrounds glycophorin and certainly plays a role of the boundary lipid.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sunamoto
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyoto University, Japan
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