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Sylvia VL, Joe CO, Norman JO, Curtin GM, Busbee DL. Phosphatidylinositol-dependent activation of DNA polymerase alpha. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1986; 135:880-5. [PMID: 3964278 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(86)91010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
DNA polymerase alpha was activated in vitro by cAMP-independent, phospholipid-dependent, protein kinase catalytic subunit. Of the phospholipids examined, phosphatidylinositol showed the greatest potential for interaction with protein kinase and ATP to activate DNA polymerase alpha in vitro. DNA polymerase alpha was directly activated by phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol in the absence of protein kinase and ATP. Activation of DNA polymerase alpha as a function of phosphorylation was demonstrated using 32P-ATP as the phosphate donor. In vitro treatment of the enzyme with phosphatidylinositol produced Linweaver-Burk plots showing noncompetitive kinetics of enzyme activation, suggesting that activation occurs prior to binding of the enzyme to DNA template/primer. These data indicate that DNA polymerase alpha may be activated in vitro in the presence of protein kinase, ATP, and phosphatidylinositol, and suggest that phosphorylation of the enzyme may constitute an intracellular mechanism of enzyme activation.
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Abstract
This paper is intended as a background to the topic of transglutaminases, while focusing on current ideas regarding the biological roles of these enzymes. Specifically, the following topics are discussed: geometry of forming gamma-glutamyl-epsilon-lysine cross-linked structures; energetic considerations; the gamma-glutamyl-epsilon-lysine cross-link; amine incorporation assays; artefactual incorporation of amines in cells and tissue homogenates; synthetic substrate systems; regulation of transglutaminase activities; strategies for probing transglutaminase-mediated events in biological systems; the blood clotting paradigm; transglutaminase and cell aging: the Ca2+-enriched human erythrocyte; transglutaminase and cell activation: the thrombin-stimulated human platelet and the fertilized sea urchin egg.
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Abstract
tau proteins from adult and young rat brains were phosphorylated in vitro by protein kinases present in microtubule preparations. Several phosphates were incorporated in each molecular species of this group of proteins. Cyclic AMP dependent protein kinases and casein kinase (type I) phosphorylated tau proteins on different sites. These observations indicate that tau proteins are an example of multisite phosphorylation.
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Pierre M, Loeb JE. Purification and characterization of the cytoplasmic casein kinase I from rat liver. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1982; 700:221-8. [PMID: 6948579 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(82)90102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Two cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinases, which preferentially utilize casein and phosvitin as substrates, exist in rat liver. In contrast to cytosol the "light' form of these enzymes was predominant in the "microsomal extract'. This form (30 000-40 000 daltons, casein kinase I) was separated from the "heavy' form (130 000 daltons, casein kinase II) by gel filtration. This enzyme was then purified by successive chromatography on carboxymethyl-Sephadex, phosvitin-Sepharose and hydroxyapatite. The activity of the purified enzyme was 2000-3000-fold the casein kinase activity of the cytosol. It had a s20,w of approx. 3 S as determined on sucrose density gradient. After iodination or incubation with [gamma- 32P]ATP, it was analyzed on polyacrylamide gel in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and appeared to be composed of a single polypeptide (36 000 +/- 1000 daltons) which self-phosphorylated. In contrast to casein kinase II, casein kinase I preferentially utilized ATP over GTP. The Km value for ATP was determined to be 14 micro M. The Km value for phosvitin was 0.17 mg/ml. Casein kinase I phosphorylated sites different from those of casein kinase II (as shown with ribosomes or SV40 T antigen). Casein kinase I was further characterized by studying its thermal stability. The half-life at 37 degree C was 6 min and 1 min 30 s at 54 degree C. In the presence of two substrates (ATP and phosvitin), the half-life at 54 degree C increased from 1 min 30 s to 4 min. Hemin strongly increased the rate of inactivation of the casein kinase I at 37 degree C in the absence or presence of the substrates. N-ethylmaleimide also inactivated casein kinase I. Phosvitin, though not ATP, protected the enzyme. This observation may indicate that thiols are involved at the binding site of the enzyme for the protein substrate.
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Schwartz JP. RNA polymerase II in C6 glioma cells. Alpha-amanitin blockade of cAMP phosphodiesterase induction by beta-adrenergic stimulation. Exp Cell Res 1982; 137:39-45. [PMID: 6276203 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(82)90005-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Hook VY, Stokes KB, Lee NM, Loh HH. Possible nuclear protein kinase regulation of homologous ribonucleic acid polymerases from small dense nuclei of mouse brain during morphine tolerance-dependence. Involvement of cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate. Biochem Pharmacol 1981; 30:2313-8. [PMID: 6271139 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(81)90104-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Assaf SA. DISCUSSION PAPER: HUMAN PLATELET PROTEIN KINASE PHOSPHORYLATION REACTION WITH PLATELET MEMBRANE AND CYTOPLASMIC ENZYMES AND CRYSTALLIZATION OF A CYCLIC AMP-INDEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1977. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1977.tb41763.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hirsch J, Martelo OJ. Phosphorylation of rat liver ribonucleic acid polymerase I by nuclear protein kinases. J Biol Chem 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)33176-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Sankaran K, Pawse AR, Nadkarni GB. Protein kinases from liver mitochondria of tumour-bearing rats. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1976; 438:412-23. [PMID: 182232 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(76)90258-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondria of liver of Yoshida ascites tumour-bearing rats contained two forms of protein kinase distinguishable on the basis of their kinetic properties, substrate specificity and responses to cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP). One of these (kinase I) was activated 2-3 fold by cAMP while the other form (kinase II) was insensitive to the action of cAMP. Kinase I which was selective towards histone F1 as substrate was obtained as a homogeneous preparation and was observed to have a molecular weight of 170 000 by Sephadex G-150 gel filtration. Protein kinase II appeared to be a smaller protein with molecular weight of 54 000 and was specific towards acidic proteins namely casein and phosvitin. Protein kinases isolated from liver mitochondria of normal rats showed variations in respect to elution profile of DEAE-cellulose and electrophoretic mobility. The preparation corresponding to kinase I did not show stimulatory responses to cAMP.
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Gill GN. ACTH regulation of the adrenal cortex. PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS. PART B: GENERAL & SYSTEMATIC PHARMACOLOGY 1976; 2:313-38. [PMID: 183221 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-039x(76)80011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Armato U, Andreis PG, Draghi E. Effect of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate on the RNA and DNA synthesis and cell proliferation of rat hepatocytes in primary culture: a radioautographic study. Chem Biol Interact 1975; 11:67-90. [PMID: 166763 DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(75)90015-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The effect of a 24-h treatment with various doses (from 1.5-10-minus 8 to 3.0-10-minus 3 M) of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophospahte (cAMP) on morphometric parameters, [5--3H]uridine radioactivity concentration (URC), [methyl--3H]thymidine [Me--3H]-Tr) labelling index per hour (L.I./h) and per cent mitotic index (M.I.%) of young rat differentiated hepatocytes in primary tissue culture were investigated by morphometric and radioautographic methods. In such cells cAMP was found to induce: (1) a reduction of the apparent surface area (ASA) of total nucleoli, karyoplasm and cytoplasm; (2) significant increases in URC of all the subcellular compartments at all the dosages employed (only cAMP at 1.5-10-minus 8 M did not change karyoplasmic and cytoplasmic URC values); (3) marked increments in [Me--3H]Tdr L.I./h and M.I.% from the lowest dose up to 1.5-10-minus 4 M; at higher doses the L.I./h and M.I.% were less stimulated or approached control values. In cultured rat hepatocytes, adenosine-5'-phosphate (5'-AMP) (1.5-10-minus 4 M per 24 h) increased the karyoplasmic and total cell ASA, the lone total nucleolar URC and both the L.I./h and M.I.%. However, these metabolic effects were significantly less intense than those elicited by isomolar cAMP. Theophylline (Theo) (5.5-10-minus 5 M per 24 h) reduced the in vitro rat hepatocyte total nucleolar ASA but affected neither other morphometric nor any of the URC values. The same dose of Theo plus cAMP (1.5-10-minus M) had no morphometric effect but significantly increased the URC values of all primary rat hepatocyte compartments. Actinomycin D (DAct) (0.1 mug/ml per 24 h) plus cAMP (1.5-10-minus 4 M) decreased the cultured rat hepatocyte total nucleolar ASA but enlarged that of karyoplasm and cytoplasm and, further, markedly curtailed all the compartmental URC values. These data support the hypothesis that cAMP amplified the template activity of the liver chromatin and accelerates the flow of differentiated primary young rat hepatocytes into the various stages of the mitotic cell cycle.
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Knight BL, Fordham RA. The separation, properties and possible subunit composition of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinases in brown adipose tissue. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1975; 384:102-11. [PMID: 165829 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(75)90099-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Two 8.5-S protein kinases (ATP : protein phosphotransferase EC 2.7.1.37) and one 6.6-S protein kinase were purified 500--1000-fold from the acid-soluble fraction of brown adipose tissue. The catalytic properties of the kinases were similar. Each kinase was activated by cyclic AMP and had two components of cyclic AMP binding. In the presence of 200 nM cyclic AMP, undissociated kinase activity sedimented at 7.7 or 5.5 S. Free catalytic activity (3.2 S) could be detected but was unstable. Free regulatory units could not be detected. The 8.5-S protein kinase was dissociated by freezing and thawing to a 7.7-S variety with loss of the higher affinity component of binding. The 7.7-S kinase was sedimented through linear gradients of sucrose containing different concentrations of cyclic AMP. At each concentration, kinase activity lost from the holoenzyme peak (% of original) was identical with the amount of cyclic AMP bound at equilibrium (% oof maximum). Similar experiments on the 8.5-S kinase showed that the binding component with higher affinity was not associated with the release of catalytic activity. The results were consistent with the propostal that the kinases isolated contained one more cyclic AMP binding subunit than catalytic subunit (3 : 2 for 8.5 S and 2 : 1 for 6.6 S) and that this extra subunit was released to give an equal number of subunits of each type before catalytic activity was liberated.
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Knight BL, Skala JP. Protein kinases in brown adipose tissue of developing rats. II. two soluble kinase activities and their affinities for nucleotide and protein substrates. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 1975; 385:124-32. [PMID: 164922 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(75)90080-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A heat-stable, soluble component of brown adipose tissue from newborn rats was found to be readily phosphorylated by protein kinase of the same subcellular fraction. The concentration of this component in brown fat decreased with the age of the animals. A boiled crude microsomal preparation from rat liver was also phosphorylated by brown fat protein kinase. The GTP-linked phosphorylation of the endogenous heat-stable protein was not stimulated by ATP (in contrast to phosphorylation of histone). The maximum velocity of phosphorylation achieved with GTP was about 2.5 times higher than that with ATP as nucleotide substrate. This difference was not due to ATPase activity in the assay. With histone as the protein acceptor both activities were the same. The affinity of protein kinase(s) for ATP was lower with the endogenous heat-stable brown-fat protein and with boiled microsomes (Km of 0.21 mM and 0.17 mM, respectively) than with histone (Km of 0.05 M). No detectable ATPase activity was present in either acceptor protein. It is concluded that the 100 000 times g supernatant fraction from brown fat of infant rats contains two protein kinase activities. One preferentially uses ATP and histone as substrates and the other uses endogenous heat-stable soluble proteins and either ATP or GTP.
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Nesterova MV, Sashchenko LP, Vasiliev VY, Severin ES. A cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent histone kinase from pig brain. Purification and some properties of the enzyme. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1975; 377:271-81. [PMID: 235302 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(75)90309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent histone kinase (ATP: protein phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.37) was isolated from pig brain. The enzyme has been purified 1140-fold; it is homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and gel filtration. The estimated molecular weight of the enzyme is 120 000. Histone kinase dissociates into a catalytic subunit and a regulatory one (molecular weights 40 000 and 90 000, respectively). The catalytic subunit has been obtained in homogeneous state as evidenced by sodium dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. At all purification steps, enzymatic activity is stimulated 5-fold by cyclic AMP. An apparent Km value for cyclic AMP is about 3.3 - 10- minus 7 M. In the presence of cyclic AMP(5 - 10- minus 6 M), the Km value for ATP and F1 histone were 1.2 - 10- minus five and 3 - 10- minus 5 M, respectively. Optimum pH value for histone kinase is 6.5, its isoelectric point is situated at pH 4.6. The purified enzyme displays high specificity for the lysine-rich and moderately lysine-rich histones F1, F2a2 and F2b. Arginine-rich histones and other known protein substrates for cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases (casein, Escherichia coli RNA polymerase, etc.) are extremely poor substrates for this enzyme.
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Carratù G, Manzocchi LA, Antonio Lanzani G, Giannattasio M. Soluble and ribosome-associated protein kinases from wheat embryos. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/0304-4211(74)90002-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Jungmann RA, Hiestand PC, Schweppe JS. Adenosine 3':5'-Monophosphate-dependent Protein Kinase and the Stimulation of Ovarian Nuclear Ribonucleic Acid Polymerase Activities. J Biol Chem 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(20)79748-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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22
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Martelo OJ, Woo SL, Davie EW. Phosphorylation of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase by rabbit skeletal muscle protein kinase. J Mol Biol 1974; 87:685-96. [PMID: 4372361 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(74)90078-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Martelo OJ, Hirsch J. Effect of nuclear protein kinases on mammalian RNA synthesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1974; 58:1008-15. [PMID: 4366172 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(74)80244-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Narumi S, Miyamoto E. Activation and phosphorylation of carbonic anhydrase by adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1974; 350:215-24. [PMID: 4366389 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(74)90219-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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25
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Costa E, Guidotti A, Hanbauer I. Do cyclic nucleotides promote the trans-synaptic induction of tyrosine hydroxylase? Life Sci 1974; 14:1169-88. [PMID: 4150901 DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(74)90425-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Nayak DP. Endogenous guinea pig virus: equability of virus-specific DNA in normal, leukemic, and virus-producing cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1974; 71:1164-8. [PMID: 4524628 PMCID: PMC388184 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.71.4.1164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The kinetics of hybrid formation between the RNA of BrdU-activated endogenous guinea pig virus and the DNA of leukemic, normal, or BrdU-activated guinea pig cells were measured by the technique of RNA.DNA hybridization in DNA excess. The results suggest that virus-specific sequences representing some 60-70% of the viral genome are unique (2-3 copies per haploid cell genome), while the remainder (30-40%) are reiterated (147 copies), and that the reiterated virus-specific DNA may be composed of more than one species, each having a different reiteration frequency. No difference was found in the quantity of viral DNA sequences contained in normal, leukemic, or bromodeoxyuridine-activated guinea pig cells. These data are considerably different from those reported for exogenous (infectious) oncornaviruses, where cells infected or transformed by exogenous RNA tumor viruses have been shown to contain increased amounts of virus-specific DNA. The data reported here are consistent with the contention that preexisting viral genes are activated by bromodeoxyuridine treatment. Results of hybridization experiments done at different DNA/RNA ratios suggest that although the virus-specific DNA is partly unique and partly reiterated, the viral RNA does not contain any detectable internal reiteration. Total mass of the viral RNA sequences is around 0.7 to 1 x 10(7) daltons.
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Abstract
Evidence from several model systems suggests that nonhistone chromosomal proteins may regulate gene expression in eukaryotic cells. The data indicate that the synthesis of new species of nonhistone chromosomal proteins as well as modifications of preexisting nonhistone chromosomal proteins are involved in the control of transcription. However, from the vast number of proteins included in this class, it is apparent that, in addition to regulating the transcription of defined genome loci, the nonhistone chromosomal proteins include enzymes that have a general function, proteins that are involved in determining the structure of chromatin, as well as proteins that serve as recognition sites for binding of regulatory macromolecules. The presence of a nucleoplasmic pool of nonhistone chromosomal proteins which may exchange with the chromatin has also been reported (89). While it is clear that the nonhistone chromosomal proteins play a key role in the regulation of gene expression, the exact manner in which they interact with the genome to initiate, modify, or augment the transcription of specific RNA molecules remains to be resolved.
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Abstract
Protein kinases of similar but not identical activity were found associated with vesicular stomatitis (VS) virions grown in mouse L cells, primary chicken embryo (CE) cells, and BHK-21 cells, as well as being present in VS virions grown in HeLa and Aedes albopictus cells. The virion kinase preferentially phosphorylated the nucleocapsid NS protein in vitro and to a lesser extent the envelope M protein. Other virion proteins were phosphorylated in vitro only after drastic detergent treatment. Partial evidence that the virion kinase is of cellular origin was obtained by finding reduced enzyme activity in virions released from cells pretreated with actinomycin D and cycloheximide. Selective detergent and detergent-salt fractionation of VS virions revealed that the kinase activity was present in the envelope but not the spikes. The virion kinase activity in a Triton-salt-solubilized envelope fraction could be separated from M and G proteins and partially purified by phosphocellulose column chromatography. Virions released from L, CE, and BHK-21 cells infected in the presence of [(32)P]orthophosphate were labeled almost exclusively in the NS protein. Both soluble and nucleocapsid-associated NS phosphoprotein were present in cytoplasmic extracts of VS viral-infected L cells. The origin and function of the NS phosphoprotein remain to be elucidated.
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Korinek J, Spelsberg TC, Mitchell WM. mRNA transcription linked to the morphological and plasma membrane changes induced by cyclic AMP in tumour cells. Nature 1973; 246:455-8. [PMID: 4357629 DOI: 10.1038/246455a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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31
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Dokas LA, Botney MD, Kleinsmith LJ. Increased RNA synthesis in nuclei isolated from rat liver tissue slices incubated with cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate or glucagon. Arch Biochem Biophys 1973. [DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(73)90511-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Schmidt MJ, Sokoloff L. Activity of cyclic AMP-dependent microsomal protein kinase and phosphorylation of ribosomal protein in rat brain during postnatal development. J Neurochem 1973; 21:1193-205. [PMID: 4357500 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb07574.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Nair KG, Umali T, Potts J. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase and adenyl cyclase in cardiac hypertrophy and cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 1973; 32:423-6. [PMID: 4269698 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(73)80032-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Koblet H, Kohler U, Wyler R. Stimulation of ribonucleic-acid synthesis in chick-embryo fibroblasts by exogenous adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1973; 37:134-42. [PMID: 4354049 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02967.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Barden N, Labrie F. Cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate dependent phosphorylation of ribosomal proteins from bovine anterior pituitary gland. Biochemistry 1973; 12:3096-102. [PMID: 4354254 DOI: 10.1021/bi00740a024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Lorand L, Campbell-Wilkes LK, Cooperstein L. A filter paper assay for transamidating enzymes using radioactive amine substrates. Anal Biochem 1972; 50:623-31. [PMID: 4674979 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(72)90074-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Neiman PE. Rous sarcoma virus nucleotide sequences in cellular DNA: measurement by RNA-DNA hybridization. Science 1972; 178:750-3. [PMID: 4343259 DOI: 10.1126/science.178.4062.750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Kinetic analysis of the hybridization of 71S RNA from Prague strain of Rous sarcoma virus with an excess of DNA from virus induced sarcomas indicated the presence of the majority of the viral genome sequences in cellular DNA with a very low average frequency per cell. About one-third of the viral sequences were at least partially complementary to DNA sequences with a higher average frequency on the order of 50 to 100 per cell. Normal chick embryo DNA was distinctly different, but contained sequences at least partially homologous to some fraction of the viral RNA.
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Paoletti E, Moss B. Protein kinase and specific phosphate acceptor proteins associated with vaccinia virus cores. J Virol 1972; 10:417-24. [PMID: 5072434 PMCID: PMC356481 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.10.3.417-424.1972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Incubation of purified vaccinia virus with gamma-(32)P-adenosine triphosphate resulted in the incorporation of (32)P into hot trichloroacetic acid-insoluble material. Enzymatic activity was completely dependent on the addition of divalent cations and was stimulated by nonionic detergents and dithiothreitol. Chemical studies demonstrated that serine and threonine residues of 15,000 molecular weight viral polypeptides were phosphorylated. In contrast, the major structural proteins were not phosphorylated or were phosphorylated to a much lesser extent. Added histones and protamine, but not serum albumin, casein, or phosvitin were phosphorylated by the partially disrupted vaccinia virus preparations. The protein kinase was tightly associated with vaccinia virus particles since the specific enzymatic activity remained constant during the final steps of virus purification, the specific activities of many different preparations of virus were similar, and the enzymatic activity cosedimented with vaccinia virus during rate zonal sucrose gradient and potassium tartrate gradient equilibrium centrifugations. Controlled degradation of vaccinia virus, with nonionic detergents and dithiothreitol, indicated that both the protein kinase and the specific phosphate acceptor proteins were located in the virus core.
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Novák E, Drummond GI, Skála J, Hahn P. Developmental changes in cyclic AMP, protein kinase, phosphorylase kinase, and phosphorylase in liver, heart, and skeletal muscle of the rat. Arch Biochem Biophys 1972; 150:511-8. [PMID: 4339735 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(72)90069-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Changes in interscapular brown adipose tissue of the rat during perinatal and early postnatal development and after cold acclimation. V. Adenyl cyclase, cyclic amp, protein kinase, phosphorylase, phosphorylase kinase, and glycogen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(72)90084-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Varrone S, Ambesi-Impiombato FS, Macchia V. Stimulation by cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate of RNA synthesis in a mammalian cell-free system. FEBS Lett 1972; 21:99-102. [PMID: 11946485 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(72)80173-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Varrone
- Istituto di Patologia Generale dell'Università, and Centro di Endocrinologia and Oncologia Sperimentale del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, S. Andrea delle Dame 2, 80138-, Napoli, Italy
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Molecular Forms and Subunit Composition of a Cyclic Adenosine 3′,5′-Monophosphate-dependent Protein Kinase Purified from Bovine Heart Muscle. J Biol Chem 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)45755-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Gros F, Contesse G. Etude des mécanismes de régulation positive au niveau de la transcription. Biochimie 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9084(72)80137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Averner MJ, Brock ML, Jost JP. Stimulation of Ribonucleic Acid Synthesis in Horse Lymphocytes by Exogenous Cyclic Adenosine 3′,5′-Monophosphate. J Biol Chem 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)45719-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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de Crombrugghe B, Chen B, Anderson WB, Gottesman ME, Perlman RL, Pastan I. Role of Cyclic Adenosine 3′,5′-Monophosphate and the Cyclic Adenosine 3′,5′-Monophosphate Receptor Protein in the Initiation of lac Transcription. J Biol Chem 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)45892-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Labrie F, Lemaire S, Poirier G, Pelletier G, Boucher R. Adenohypophyseal Secretory Granules. J Biol Chem 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)45888-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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