1
|
Gaur VK, Nguyen-Vo TP, Islam T, Bassey BF, Kim M, Ainala SK, Shin K, Park S. Efficient bioproduction of poly(3-hydroxypropionate) homopolymer using engineered Escherichia coli strains. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 397:130469. [PMID: 38382722 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
This study focuses on the development of a scalable method for producing poly(3-hydroxypropionate), a homopolymer with significant physico-mechanical properties, through the use of metabolically-engineered Escherichia coli K12 (MG1655) and externally supplied 3-hydroxypropionate. The polymer synthesis pathway was established and optimized through synthetic biology techniques, including the effects of overexpressing phasin and cell division proteins. The optimized strain achieved unprecedented production titers of 9.5 g/L in flask cultures and 80 g/L in fed-batch bioreactors within 45 h. The analysis of poly(3-hydroxypropionate) polymer properties revealed it possesses excellent elasticity (Young's modulus < 6 MPa) and tensile strength (∼80 MPa), positioning it within the category of elastomers or flexible plastics. These findings suggest a viable path for the sustainable, large-scale production of the poly(3-hydroxypropionate) biopolymer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Gaur
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Thuan Phu Nguyen-Vo
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; Presently: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Tayyab Islam
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Bassey Friday Bassey
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Miri Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Satish Kumar Ainala
- NOROO Bio R&D Center, NOROO Holdings Co., Ltd, Gyeonggi-do 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyusoon Shin
- NOROO Bio R&D Center, NOROO Holdings Co., Ltd, Gyeonggi-do 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Park
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Matsumoto K. Toward the production of block copolymers in microbial cells: achievements and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:164. [PMID: 38252290 PMCID: PMC10803391 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12973-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The microbial production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) block copolymers has attracted research interests because they can be expected to exhibit excellent physical properties. Although post-polymerization conjugation and/or extension have been used for PHA block copolymer synthesis, the discovery of the first sequence-regulating PHA synthase, PhaCAR, enabled the direct synthesis of PHA-PHA type block copolymers in microbial cells. PhaCAR spontaneously synthesizes block copolymers from a mixture of substrates. To date, Escherichia coli and Ralstonia eutropha have been used as host strains, and therefore, sequence regulation is not a host-specific phenomenon. The monomer sequence greatly influences the physical properties of the polymer. For example, a random copolymer of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 2-hydroxybutyrate deforms plastically, while a block copolymer of approximately the same composition exhibits elastic deformation. The structure of the PHA block copolymer can be expanded by in vitro evolution of the sequence-regulating PHA synthase. An engineered variant of PhaCAR can synthesize poly(D-lactate) as a block copolymer component, which allows for greater flexibility in the molecular design of block copolymers. Therefore, creating sequence-regulating PHA synthases with a further broadened substrate range will expand the variety of properties of PHA materials. This review summarizes and discusses the sequence-regulating PHA synthase, analytical methods for verifying block sequence, properties of block copolymers, and mechanisms of sequence regulation. KEY POINTS: • Spontaneous monomer sequence regulation generates block copolymers • Poly(D-lactate) segment can be synthesized using a block copolymerization system • Block copolymers exhibit characteristic properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken'ichiro Matsumoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kitaku, Sapporo, N13W8060-8628, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mai J, Pratt S, Laycock B, Chan CM. Synthesis and Characterisation of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co-3-hydroxyvalerate)- b-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Multi-Block Copolymers Produced Using Diisocyanate Chemistry. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3257. [PMID: 37571152 PMCID: PMC10422281 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterially derived polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are attractive alternatives to commodity petroleum-derived plastics. The most common forms of the short chain length (scl-) PHAs, including poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), are currently limited in application because they are relatively stiff and brittle. The synthesis of PHA-b-PHA block copolymers could enhance the physical properties of PHAs. Therefore, this work explores the synthesis of PHBV-b-PHBV using relatively high molecular weight hydroxy-functionalised PHBV starting materials, coupled using facile diisocyanate chemistry, delivering industrially relevant high-molecular-weight block copolymeric products. A two-step synthesis approach was compared with a one-step approach, both of which resulted in successful block copolymer production. However, the two-step synthesis was shown to be less effective in building molecular weight. Both synthetic approaches were affected by additional isocyanate reactions resulting in the formation of by-products such as allophanate and likely biuret groups, which delivered partial cross-linking and higher molecular weights in the resulting multi-block products, identified for the first time as likely and significant by-products in such reactions, affecting the product performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bronwyn Laycock
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (J.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Clement Matthew Chan
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (J.M.); (S.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mai J, Chan CM, Laycock B, Pratt S. Understanding the Reaction of Hydroxy-Terminated Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) Random Copolymers with a Monoisocyanate. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Mai
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Clement Matthew Chan
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Bronwyn Laycock
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Steven Pratt
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Biopolymer production in microbiology by application of metabolic engineering. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03820-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
6
|
Satoh K, Kawakami T, Isobe N, Pasquier L, Tomita H, Zinn M, Matsumoto K. Versatile aliphatic polyester biosynthesis system for producing random and block copolymers composed of 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-hydroxyalkanoates using the sequence-regulating polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase PhaC AR. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:84. [PMID: 35568875 PMCID: PMC9107728 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01811-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are microbial polyesters synthesized by PHA synthases. Naturally occurring PHA copolymers possess a random monomer sequence. The development of PhaCAR, a unique sequence-regulating PHA synthase, has enabled the spontaneous biosynthesis of PHA block copolymers. PhaCAR synthesizes both a block copolymer poly(2-hydroxybutyrate)-b-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(2HB)-b-P(3HB)], and a random copolymer, poly(3HB-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate), indicating that the combination of monomers determines the monomer sequence. Therefore, in this study, we explored the substrate scope of PhaCAR and the monomer sequences of the resulting copolymers to identify the determinants of the monomer sequence. PhaCAR is a class I PHA synthase that is thought to incorporate long-main-chain hydroxyalkanoates (LMC HAs, > C3 in the main [backbone] chain). Thus, the LMC monomers, 4-hydroxy-2-methylbutyrate (4H2MB), 5-hydroxyvalerate (5HV), and 6-hydroxyhexanoate (6HHx), as well as 2HB, 3HB, and 3-hydroxypropionate (3HP) were tested. RESULTS Recombinant Escherichia coli harboring PhaCAR, CoA transferase and CoA ligase genes was used for PHA production. The medium contained the monomer precursors, 2HB, 3HB, 3HP, 4H2MB, 5HV, and 6HHx, either individually or in combination. As a result, homopolymers were obtained only for 3HB and 3HP. Moreover, 3HB and 3HP were randomly copolymerized by PhaCAR. 3HB-based binary copolymers P(3HB-co-LMC HA)s containing up to 2.9 mol% 4H2MB, 4.8 mol% 5HV, or 1.8 mol% 6HHx were produced. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis of the copolymers indicated that P(3HB-co-LMC HA)s had a random sequence. In contrast, combining 3HP and 2HB induced the synthesis of P(3HP)-b-P(2HB). Similarly, P(2HB) segment-containing block copolymers P(3HB-co-LMC HA)-b-P(2HB)s were synthesized. Binary copolymers of LMC HAs and 2HB were not obtained, indicating that the 3HB or 3HP unit is essential to the polymer synthesis. CONCLUSION PhaCAR possesses a wide substrate scope towards 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-hydroxyalkanoates. 3HB or 3HP units are essential for polymer synthesis using PhaCAR. The presence of a 2HB monomer is key to synthesizing block copolymers, such as P(3HP)-b-P(2HB) and P(3HB-co-LMC HA)-b-P(2HB)s. The copolymers that did not contain 2HB units had a random sequence. This study's results provide insights into the mechanism of sequence regulation by PhaCAR and pave the way for designing PHA block copolymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Satoh
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kitaku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kawakami
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kitaku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Nagi Isobe
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kitaku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Loïc Pasquier
- Department of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kitaku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
- Institute of Life Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO Valais-Wallis), Sion, Switzerland
| | - Hiroya Tomita
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kitaku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Manfred Zinn
- Institute of Life Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO Valais-Wallis), Sion, Switzerland
| | - Ken'ichiro Matsumoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kitaku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mitra R, Xiang H, Han J. Current Advances towards 4-Hydroxybutyrate Containing Polyhydroxyalkanoates Production for Biomedical Applications. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237244. [PMID: 34885814 PMCID: PMC8659255 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are polyesters having high promise in biomedical applications. Among different types of PHA, poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (P4HB) is the only polymer that has received FDA approval for medical applications. However, most PHA producing microorganisms lack the ability to synthesize P4HB or PHA comprising 4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB) monomer due to their absence of a 4HB monomer supplying pathway. Thus, most microorganisms require supplementation of 4HB precursors to synthesize 4HB polymers. However, usage of 4HB precursors incurs additional production cost. Therefore, researchers have adopted strategies to reduce the cost, such as utilizing low-cost substrate as well as constructing 4HB monomer supplying pathways in microorganisms. We herein summarize the biomedical applications of P4HB, the natural producers of 4HB polymer, and the various strategies that have been applied in producing 4HB polymers in non-4HB producing microorganisms. It is expected that the readers would gain a vivid idea on the different strategic developments in the field of 4HB polymer production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchira Mitra
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
- International College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hua Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: (H.X.); (J.H.)
| | - Jing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: (H.X.); (J.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li M, Ma Y, Zhang X, Zhang L, Chen X, Ye JW, Chen GQ. Tailor-Made Polyhydroxyalkanoates by Reconstructing Pseudomonas Entomophila. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2102766. [PMID: 34322928 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) containing short- and medium/long-chain-length monomers, abbreviated as SCL-co-MCL/LCL PHAs, generate suitable thermal and mechanical properties. However, SCL-co-MCL/LCL PHAs with carbon chain longer than nine are difficult to synthesize due to the low specificity of PHA synthase PhaC and the lack of either SCL- or MCL/LCL monomer precursor fluxes. This study succeeds in reprogramming a β-oxidation weakened Pseudomonas entomophila containing synthesis pathways of SCL 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA (3HB) from glucose and MCL/LCL 3-hydroxyalkanoyl-CoA from fatty acids with carbon chain lengths from 9 to 18, respectively, that are polymerized under a low specificity PhaC61-3 to form P(3HB-co-MCL/LCL 3HA) copolymers. Through rational flux-tuning approaches, the optimized recombinant P. entomophila accumulates 55 wt% poly-3-hydroxybutyrate in 8.4 g L-1 cell dry weight. Combined with weakened β-oxidation, a series of novel P(3HB-co-MCL/LCL 3HA) copolymers with over 60 wt% PHA in 9 g L-1 cell dry weight have been synthesized for the first time. P. entomophila has become a high-performing platform to generate tailor-made new SCL-co-MCL/LCL PHAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yueyuan Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lizhan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jian-Wen Ye
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- MOE Key Lab of Industrial Biocatalysts, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao P, Tian P. Biosynthesis pathways and strategies for improving 3-hydroxypropionic acid production in bacteria. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:117. [PMID: 34128152 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03091-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) represents an economically important platform compound from which a panel of bulk chemicals can be derived. Compared with petroleum-dependent chemical synthesis, bioproduction of 3-HP has attracted more attention due to utilization of renewable biomass. This review outlines bacterial production of 3-HP, covering aspects of host strains (e.g., Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae), metabolic pathways, key enzymes, and hurdles hindering high-level production. Inspired by the state-of-the-art advances in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology, we come up with protocols to overcome the hurdles constraining 3-HP production. The protocols range from rewiring of metabolic networks, alleviation of metabolite toxicity, to dynamic control of cell size and density. Especially, this review highlights the substantial contribution of microbial growth to 3-HP production, as we recognize the synchronization between cell growth and 3-HP formation. Accordingly, we summarize the following growth-promoting strategies: (i) optimization of fermentation conditions; (ii) construction of gene circuits to alleviate feedback inhibition; (iii) recruitment of RNA polymerases to overexpress key enzymes which in turn boost cell growth and 3-HP production. Lastly, we propose metabolic engineering approaches to simplify downstream separation and purification. Overall, this review aims to portray a picture of bacterial production of 3-HP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingfang Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pomraning KR, Dai Z, Munoz N, Kim YM, Gao Y, Deng S, Kim J, Hofstad BA, Swita MS, Lemmon T, Collett JR, Panisko EA, Webb-Robertson BJM, Zucker JD, Nicora CD, De Paoli H, Baker SE, Burnum-Johnson KE, Hillson NJ, Magnuson JK. Integration of Proteomics and Metabolomics Into the Design, Build, Test, Learn Cycle to Improve 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid Production in Aspergillus pseudoterreus. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:603832. [PMID: 33898398 PMCID: PMC8058442 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.603832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological engineering of microorganisms to produce value-added chemicals is a promising route to sustainable manufacturing. However, overproduction of metabolic intermediates at high titer, rate, and yield from inexpensive substrates is challenging in non-model systems where limited information is available regarding metabolic flux and its control in production conditions. Integrated multi-omic analyses of engineered strains offers an in-depth look at metabolites and proteins directly involved in growth and production of target and non-target bioproducts. Here we applied multi-omic analyses to overproduction of the polymer precursor 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3HP) in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus pseudoterreus. A synthetic pathway consisting of aspartate decarboxylase, beta-alanine pyruvate transaminase, and 3HP dehydrogenase was designed and built for A. pseudoterreus. Strains with single- and multi-copy integration events were isolated and multi-omics analysis consisting of intracellular and extracellular metabolomics and targeted and global proteomics was used to interrogate the strains in shake-flask and bioreactor conditions. Production of a variety of co-products (organic acids and glycerol) and oxidative degradation of 3HP were identified as metabolic pathways competing with 3HP production. Intracellular accumulation of nitrogen as 2,4-diaminobutanoate was identified as an off-target nitrogen sink that may also limit flux through the engineered 3HP pathway. Elimination of the high-expression oxidative 3HP degradation pathway by deletion of a putative malonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase improved the yield of 3HP by 3.4 × after 10 days in shake-flask culture. This is the first report of 3HP production in a filamentous fungus amenable to industrial scale biomanufacturing of organic acids at high titer and low pH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle R Pomraning
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Ziyu Dai
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Nathalie Munoz
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Young-Mo Kim
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Yuqian Gao
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Shuang Deng
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Joonhoon Kim
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States.,Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, United States
| | - Beth A Hofstad
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Marie S Swita
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Teresa Lemmon
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - James R Collett
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Ellen A Panisko
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | | | - Jeremy D Zucker
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Carrie D Nicora
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | | | - Scott E Baker
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | | | - Nathan J Hillson
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Jon K Magnuson
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States.,Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang X, Han JN, Zhang X, Ma YY, Lin Y, Wang H, Li DJ, Zheng TR, Wu FQ, Ye JW, Chen GQ. Reversible thermal regulation for bifunctional dynamic control of gene expression in Escherichia coli. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1411. [PMID: 33658500 PMCID: PMC7930084 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21654-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetically programmed circuits allowing bifunctional dynamic regulation of enzyme expression have far-reaching significances for various bio-manufactural purposes. However, building a bio-switch with a post log-phase response and reversibility during scale-up bioprocesses is still a challenge in metabolic engineering due to the lack of robustness. Here, we report a robust thermosensitive bio-switch that enables stringent bidirectional control of gene expression over time and levels in living cells. Based on the bio-switch, we obtain tree ring-like colonies with spatially distributed patterns and transformer cells shifting among spherical-, rod- and fiber-shapes of the engineered Escherichia coli. Moreover, fed-batch fermentations of recombinant E. coli are conducted to obtain ordered assembly of tailor-made biopolymers polyhydroxyalkanoates including diblock- and random-copolymer, composed of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 4-hydroxybutyrate with controllable monomer molar fraction. This study demonstrates the possibility of well-organized, chemosynthesis-like block polymerization on a molecular scale by reprogrammed microbes, exemplifying the versatility of thermo-response control for various practical uses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Ning Han
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Yuan Ma
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yina Lin
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dian-Jie Li
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao-Ran Zheng
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fu-Qing Wu
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- MOE Key Lab of Industrial Biocatalysts, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Wen Ye
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- MOE Key Lab of Industrial Biocatalysts, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.
- MOE Key Lab of Industrial Biocatalysts, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Turco R, Santagata G, Corrado I, Pezzella C, Di Serio M. In vivo and Post-synthesis Strategies to Enhance the Properties of PHB-Based Materials: A Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:619266. [PMID: 33585417 PMCID: PMC7874203 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.619266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The transition toward "green" alternatives to petroleum-based plastics is driven by the need for "drop-in" replacement materials able to combine characteristics of existing plastics with biodegradability and renewability features. Promising alternatives are the polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), microbial biodegradable polyesters produced by a wide range of microorganisms as carbon, energy, and redox storage material, displaying properties very close to fossil-fuel-derived polyolefins. Among PHAs, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is by far the most well-studied polymer. PHB is a thermoplastic polyester, with very narrow processability window, due to very low resistance to thermal degradation. Since the melting temperature of PHB is around 170-180°C, the processing temperature should be at least 180-190°C. The thermal degradation of PHB at these temperatures proceeds very quickly, causing a rapid decrease in its molecular weight. Moreover, due to its high crystallinity, PHB is stiff and brittle resulting in very poor mechanical properties with low extension at break, which limits its range of application. A further limit to the effective exploitation of these polymers is related to their production costs, which is mostly affected by the costs of the starting feedstocks. Since the first identification of PHB, researchers have faced these issues, and several strategies to improve the processability and reduce brittleness of this polymer have been developed. These approaches range from the in vivo synthesis of PHA copolymers, to the enhancement of post-synthesis PHB-based material performances, thus the addition of additives and plasticizers, acting on the crystallization process as well as on polymer glass transition temperature. In addition, reactive polymer blending with other bio-based polymers represents a versatile approach to modulate polymer properties while preserving its biodegradability. This review examines the state of the art of PHA processing, shedding light on the green and cost-effective tailored strategies aimed at modulating and optimizing polymer performances. Pioneering examples in this field will be examined, and prospects and challenges for their exploitation will be presented. Furthermore, since the establishment of a PHA-based industry passes through the designing of cost-competitive production processes, this review will inspect reported examples assessing this economic aspect, examining the most recent progresses toward process sustainability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Turco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Santagata
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Council of Research, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Iolanda Corrado
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Cinzia Pezzella
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Martino Di Serio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dhara M, Rudra S, Mukherjee N, Jana T. Hollow polymer nanocapsules with a ferrocenyl copolymer shell. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00590a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hollow polymer nanocapsules consisting of ferrocenyl shell have been developed by crosslinking the polymer chains grafted over silica nanoparticles synthesized via one pot surface-initiated RAFT polymerization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Dhara
- School of Chemistry
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500046
- India
| | - Somdatta Rudra
- School of Chemistry
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500046
- India
| | | | - Tushar Jana
- School of Chemistry
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500046
- India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Choi SY, Cho IJ, Lee Y, Kim YJ, Kim KJ, Lee SY. Microbial Polyhydroxyalkanoates and Nonnatural Polyesters. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1907138. [PMID: 32249983 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201907138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms produce diverse polymers for various purposes such as storing genetic information, energy, and reducing power, and serving as structural materials and scaffolds. Among these polymers, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are microbial polyesters synthesized and accumulated intracellularly as a storage material of carbon, energy, and reducing power under unfavorable growth conditions in the presence of excess carbon source. PHAs have attracted considerable attention for their wide range of applications in industrial and medical fields. Since the first discovery of PHA accumulating bacteria about 100 years ago, remarkable advances have been made in the understanding of PHA biosynthesis and metabolic engineering of microorganisms toward developing efficient PHA producers. Recently, nonnatural polyesters have also been synthesized by metabolically engineered microorganisms, which opened a new avenue toward sustainable production of more diverse plastics. Herein, the current state of PHAs and nonnatural polyesters is reviewed, covering mechanisms of microbial polyester biosynthesis, metabolic pathways, and enzymes involved in biosynthesis of short-chain-length PHAs, medium-chain-length PHAs, and nonnatural polyesters, especially 2-hydroxyacid-containing polyesters, metabolic engineering strategies to produce novel polymers and enhance production capabilities and fermentation, and downstream processing strategies for cost-effective production of these microbial polyesters. In addition, the applications of PHAs and prospects are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So Young Choi
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - In Jin Cho
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoon Lee
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo-Jin Kim
- School of Life Sciences (KNU Creative BioResearch Group), KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jin Kim
- School of Life Sciences (KNU Creative BioResearch Group), KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yup Lee
- Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- BioProcess Engineering Research Center and Bioinformatics Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pilania G, Iverson CN, Lookman T, Marrone BL. Machine-Learning-Based Predictive Modeling of Glass Transition Temperatures: A Case of Polyhydroxyalkanoate Homopolymers and Copolymers. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 59:5013-5025. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
16
|
Shi M, Cheng T, Zou H, Zhang N, Huang J, Xian M. The Preparation and Biomedical Application of Biopolyesters. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 20:331-340. [PMID: 31644401 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666191015211156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Biopolyesters represent a large family that can be obtained by polymerization of variable bio-derived hydroxyalkanoic acids. The monomer composition, molecular weight of the biopolyesters can affect the properties and applications of the polyesters. The majority of biopolyesters can either be biosynthesized from natural biofeedstocks or semi-synthesized (biopreparation of monomers followed by the chemical polymerization of the monomers). With the fast development of synthetic biology and biosynthesis techniques, the biosynthesis of unnatural biopolyesters (like lactate containing and aromatic biopolyesters) with improved performance and function has been a tendency. The presence of novel preparation methods, novel monomer composition has also significantly affected the properties, functions and applications of the biopolyesters. Due to the properties of biodegradability and biocompatibility, biopolyesters have great potential in biomedical applications (as implanting or covering biomaterials, drug carriers). Moreover, biopolyesters can be fused with other functional ingredients to achieve novel applications or improved functions. This study summarizes and compares the updated preparation methods of representative biopolyesters, also introduces the current status and future trends of their applications in biomedical fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengxun Shi
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Tao Cheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.,State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Huibin Zou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jingling Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Mo Xian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li M, Chen X, Che X, Zhang H, Wu LP, Du H, Chen GQ. Engineering Pseudomonas entomophila for synthesis of copolymers with defined fractions of 3-hydroxybutyrate and medium-chain-length 3-hydroxyalkanoates. Metab Eng 2018; 52:253-262. [PMID: 30582985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) composed of both short-chain-length (SCL) and medium-chain-length (MCL) monomers (SCL-co-MCL PHA) combine the advantages of high strength and elasticity provided by SCL PHA and MCL PHA, respectively. Synthesis of SCL-co-MCL PHA, namely, copolymers of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) and MCL 3-hydroxyalkanoates (3HA) such as 3-hydroxydecanoate (3HD) and longer chain 3HA, has been a challenge for a long time. This study aims to engineer Pseudomonas entomophila for synthesizing P(3HB-co-MCL 3HA) via weakening its β-oxidation pathway combined with insertion of 3HB synthesis pathway consisting of β-ketothiolase (phaA) and acetoacetyl-CoA reductase (phaB). 3HB and MCL 3HA polymerization is catalyzed by a low specificity PHA synthase (phaC), namely, mutated PhaC61-3. The link between the fatty acid de novo synthesis and PHA synthesis was further blocked to increase the supply for SCL and MCL monomers in P. entomophila. The so-constructed P. entomophila was successfully used to synthesize novel PHA copolymers of P(3HB-co-3HD), P(3HB-co-3HDD) and P(3HB-co-3H9D) consisting of 3HB and 3-hydroxydecanoate (3HD), 3-hydroxydodecanoate (3HDD) and 3-hydroxy-9-decanent (3H9D), respectively. MCL 3HA compositions of P(3HB-co-3HD) and P(3HB-co-3HDD) can be adjusted from 0 to approximate 100 mol%. Results demonstrated that the engineered P. entomophila could be a platform for tailor-made P(3HB-co-MCL 3HA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Li
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiangbin Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xuemei Che
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Center for Nano- and Micro-Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | | | - Lin-Ping Wu
- Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Hetong Du
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Center for Nano- and Micro-Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Debuissy T, Pollet E, Avérous L. Biotic and Abiotic Synthesis of Renewable Aliphatic Polyesters from Short Building Blocks Obtained from Biotechnology. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:3836-3870. [PMID: 30203918 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biobased polymers have seen their attractiveness increase in recent decades thanks to the significant development of biorefineries to allow access to a wide variety of biobased building blocks. Polyesters are one of the best examples of the development of biobased polymers because most of them now have their monomers produced from renewable resources and are biodegradable. Currently, these polyesters are mainly produced by using traditional chemical catalysts and harsh conditions, but recently greener pathways with nontoxic enzymes as biocatalysts and mild conditions have shown great potential. Bacterial polyesters, such as poly(hydroxyalkanoate)s (PHA), are the best example of the biotic production of high molar mass polymers. PHAs display a wide variety of macromolecular architectures, which allow a large range of applications. The present contribution aims to provide an overview of recent progress in studies on biobased polyesters, especially those made from short building blocks, synthesized through step-growth polymerization. In addition, some important technical aspects of their syntheses through biotic or abiotic pathways have been detailed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Debuissy
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Eric Pollet
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Luc Avérous
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ferre-Guell A, Winterburn J. Biosynthesis and Characterization of Polyhydroxyalkanoates with Controlled Composition and Microstructure. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:996-1005. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ferre-Guell
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The Mill, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - James Winterburn
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The Mill, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Recent Advances and Challenges towards Sustainable Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Production. Bioengineering (Basel) 2017; 4:bioengineering4020055. [PMID: 28952534 PMCID: PMC5590474 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering4020055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustainable biofuels, biomaterials, and fine chemicals production is a critical matter that research teams around the globe are focusing on nowadays. Polyhydroxyalkanoates represent one of the biomaterials of the future due to their physicochemical properties, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. Designing efficient and economic bioprocesses, combined with the respective social and environmental benefits, has brought together scientists from different backgrounds highlighting the multidisciplinary character of such a venture. In the current review, challenges and opportunities regarding polyhydroxyalkanoate production are presented and discussed, covering key steps of their overall production process by applying pure and mixed culture biotechnology, from raw bioprocess development to downstream processing.
Collapse
|
21
|
Synthetic Biology of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 162:147-174. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2017_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
|
22
|
Chen GQ, Jiang XR, Guo Y. Synthetic biology of microbes synthesizing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). Synth Syst Biotechnol 2016; 1:236-242. [PMID: 29062949 PMCID: PMC5625728 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) have been produced as bioplastics for various purposes. Under the support of China National Basic Research 973 Project, we developed synthetic biology methods to diversify the PHA structures into homo-, random, block polymers with improved properties to better meet various application requirements. At the same time, various pathways were assembled to produce various PHA from glucose as a simple carbon source. At the end, Halomonas bacteria were reconstructed to produce PHA in changing morphology for low cost production under unsterile and continuous conditions. The synthetic biology will advance the PHA into a bio- and material industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qiang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,MOE Key Lab of Industrial Biocatalysis, Dept Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiao-Ran Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yingying Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang S, Chen W, Xiang H, Yang J, Zhou Z, Zhu M. Modification and Potential Application of Short-Chain-Length Polyhydroxyalkanoate (SCL-PHA). Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E273. [PMID: 30974550 PMCID: PMC6432283 DOI: 10.3390/polym8080273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
As the only kind of naturally-occurring biopolyester synthesized by various microorganisms, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) shows a great market potential in packaging, fiber, biomedical, and other fields due to its biodegradablity, biocompatibility, and renewability. However, the inherent defects of scl-PHA with low 3HV or 4HB content, such as high stereoregularity, slow crystallization rate, and particularly the phenomena of formation of large-size spherulites and secondary crystallization, restrict the processing and stability of scl-PHA, as well as the application of its products. Many efforts have focused on the modification of scl-PHA to improve the mechanical properties and the applicability of obtained scl-PHA products. The modification of structure and property together with the potential applications of scl-PHA are covered in this review to give a comprehensive knowledge on the modification and processing of scl-PHA, including the effects of physical blending, chemical structure design, and processing conditions on the crystallization behaviors, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of scl-PHA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Hengxue Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Junjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Zhe Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen GQ, Hajnal I, Wu H, Lv L, Ye J. Engineering Biosynthesis Mechanisms for Diversifying Polyhydroxyalkanoates. Trends Biotechnol 2016; 33:565-574. [PMID: 26409776 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are a family of diverse biopolyesters synthesized by bacteria. PHA diversity, as reflected by its monomers, homopolymers, random and block copolymers, as well as functional polymers, can now be generated by engineering the three basic synthesis pathways including the acetoacetyl-CoA pathway, in situ fatty acid synthesis, and/or β-oxidation cycles, as well as PHA synthase specificity. It is now possible to tailor the PHA structures via genome editing or process engineering. The increasing PHA diversity and maturing PHA production technology should lead to more focused research into their low-cost and/or high-value applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qiang Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Therapeutics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Ivan Hajnal
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Li Lv
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jianwen Ye
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Koller M, Rodríguez-Contreras A. Techniques for tracing PHA-producing organisms and for qualitative and quantitative analysis of intra- and extracellular PHA. Eng Life Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201400228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Koller
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry; University of Graz; Graz Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Potential and Prospects of Continuous Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Production. Bioengineering (Basel) 2015; 2:94-121. [PMID: 28955015 PMCID: PMC5597195 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering2020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Together with other so-called “bio-plastics”, Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are expected to soon replace established polymers on the plastic market. As a prerequisite, optimized process design is needed to make PHAs attractive in terms of costs and quality. Nowadays, large-scale PHA production relies on discontinuous fed-batch cultivation in huge bioreactors. Such processes presuppose numerous shortcomings such as nonproductive time for reactor revamping, irregular product quality, limited possibility for supply of certain carbon substrates, and, most of all, insufficient productivity. Therefore, single- and multistage continuous PHA biosynthesis is increasingly investigated for production of different types of microbial PHAs; this goes for rather crystalline, thermoplastic PHA homopolyesters as well as for highly flexible PHA copolyesters, and even blocky-structured PHAs consisting of alternating soft and hard segments. Apart from enhanced productivity and constant product quality, chemostat processes can be used to elucidate kinetics of cell growth and PHA formation under constant process conditions. Furthermore, continuous enrichment processes constitute a tool to isolate novel powerful PHA-producing microbial strains adapted to special environmental conditions. The article discusses challenges, potential and case studies for continuous PHA production, and shows up new strategies to further enhance such processes economically by developing unsterile open continuous processes combined with the application of inexpensive carbon feedstocks.
Collapse
|
27
|
Kwiecień I, Radecka I, Kowalczuk M, Adamus G. Transesterification of PHA to oligomers covalently bonded with (bio)active compounds containing either carboxyl or hydroxyl functionalities. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120149. [PMID: 25781908 PMCID: PMC4363623 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This manuscript presents the synthesis and structural characterisation of novel biodegradable polymeric controlled-release systems of pesticides with potentially higher resistance to weather conditions in comparison to conventional forms of pesticides. Two methods for the preparation of pesticide-oligomer conjugates using the transesterification reaction were developed. The first method of obtaining conjugates, which consist of bioactive compounds with the carboxyl group and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) oligomers, is "one-pot" transesterification. In the second method, conjugates of bioactive compounds with hydroxyl group and polyhydroxyalkanoates oligomers were obtained in two-step method, through cyclic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) oligomers. The obtained pesticide-PHA conjugates were comprehensively characterised using GPC, 1H NMR and mass spectrometry techniques. The structural characterisation of the obtained products at the molecular level with the aid of mass spectrometry confirmed that both of the synthetic strategies employed led to the formation of conjugates in which selected pesticides were covalently bonded to PHA oligomers via a hydrolysable ester bond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Kwiecień
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Iza Radecka
- School of Biology, Chemistry and Forensic Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
| | - Marek Kowalczuk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Zabrze, Poland
- School of Biology, Chemistry and Forensic Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (MK); (GA)
| | - Grażyna Adamus
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Zabrze, Poland
- * E-mail: (MK); (GA)
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Han J, Wu LP, Hou J, Zhao D, Xiang H. Biosynthesis, Characterization, and Hemostasis Potential of Tailor-Made Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Produced by Haloferax mediterranei. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:578-88. [DOI: 10.1021/bm5016267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- State
Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Ping Wu
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jing Hou
- State
Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dahe Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Xiang
- State
Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang Y, Yin J, Chen GQ. Polyhydroxyalkanoates, challenges and opportunities. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2014; 30:59-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
30
|
Andreessen B, Taylor N, Steinbüchel A. Poly(3-hydroxypropionate): a promising alternative to fossil fuel-based materials. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80:6574-82. [PMID: 25149521 PMCID: PMC4249027 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02361-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are storage compounds synthesized by numerous microorganisms and have attracted the interest of industry since they are biobased and biodegradable alternatives to fossil fuel-derived plastics. Among PHAs, poly(3-hydroxypropionate) [poly(3HP)] has outstanding material characteristics and exhibits a large variety of applications. As it is not brittle like, e.g., the best-studied PHA, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [poly(3HB)], it can be used as a plasticizer in blends to improve their properties. Furthermore, 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3HP) is considered likely to become one of the new industrial building blocks, and it can be obtained from poly(3HP) by simple hydrolysis. Unfortunately, no natural organism is known to accumulate poly(3HP) so far. Thus, several efforts have been made to engineer genetically modified organisms capable of synthesizing the homopolymer or copolymers containing 3HP. In this review, the achievements made so far in efforts to obtain biomass which has accumulated poly(3HP) or 3HP-containing copolymers, as well as the properties of these polyesters and their applications, are compiled and evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Björn Andreessen
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nicolas Taylor
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Steinbüchel
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Leong YK, Show PL, Ooi CW, Ling TC, Lan JCW. Current trends in polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) biosynthesis: Insights from the recombinant Escherichia coli. J Biotechnol 2014; 180:52-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
32
|
Li S, Cai L, Wu L, Zeng G, Chen J, Wu Q, Chen GQ. Microbial synthesis of functional homo-, random, and block polyhydroxyalkanoates by β-oxidation deleted Pseudomonas entomophila. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:2310-9. [PMID: 24830358 DOI: 10.1021/bm500669s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Functional polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) allow chemical modifications to widen PHA diversity, promising to increase values of these biodegradable and biocompatible polyesters. Among functional PHAs, unsaturated PHA site chains can be easily grafted to add chemical groups, and to cross-link with other PHA polymer chains. However, it has been very difficult to obtain structurally controllable functional homo-, random, or block PHA. For the first time, a β-oxidation deleted Pseudomonas entomophila was used to successfully synthesize random copolymers of 3-hydroxydodecanoate (3HDD) and 3-hydroxy-9-decenoate (3H9D). Compositions of the random copolymers P(3HDD-co-3H9D) can be adjusted by ratios of dodecanoic acid (DDA) to 9-decenol (9DEO) fed to the culture of P. entomophila. Homopolymer P3H9D was formed when only 9DEO was added to the culture. Diblock copolymers of P3HDD-b-P3H9D were produced by feeding DDA as the first precursor to form a P3HDD block followed by adding 9DEO as the second precursor to form a second P3H9D block. It was demonstrated that random copolymers P(3HDD-co-3H9D) could be crossed-linked under UV-radiation due to the presence of the unsaturated bonds. Thermal and mechanical characterizations of the above homo-, random, and diblock PHA polymers were conducted. It was found that the diblock polymer P3HDD-b-P3H9D increased at least 2-fold on Young's modulus compared with its random copolymers consisting of similar 3HDD/3H9D ratios. This study demonstrates that PHA functionality could be controlled to meet various requirements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Li
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Meng DC, Shen R, Yao H, Chen JC, Wu Q, Chen GQ. Engineering the diversity of polyesters. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2014; 29:24-33. [PMID: 24632193 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2014.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Many bacteria have been found to produce various polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) biopolyesters. In many cases, it is not easy to control the structures of PHA including homopolymers, random copolymers and block copolymers as well as ratios of monomers in the copolymers. It has become possible to engineer bacteria for controllable synthesis of PHA with the desirable structures by creating new PHA synthesis pathways. Remarkably, the weakening of β-oxidation cycle in Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas entomophila led to controllable synthesis of all kinds of PHA structures including monomer ratios in random and/or block copolymers when fatty acids are used as PHA precursors. Introduction of functional groups into PHA polymer chains in predefined proportions has become a reality provided fatty acids containing the functional groups are taken up by the bacteria for PHA synthesis. This allows the formation of functional PHA for further grafting. The PHA diversity is further widened by the endless possibility of controllable homopolymerization, random copolymerization, block copolymerization and grafting on functional PHA site chains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- De-Chuan Meng
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rui Shen
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hui Yao
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jin-Chun Chen
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Benzene containing polyhydroxyalkanoates homo- and copolymers synthesized by genome edited Pseudomonas entomophila. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2013; 57:4-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-013-4596-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
35
|
Wang Q, Yang P, Xian M, Liu H, Cao Y, Yang Y, Zhao G. Production of Block Copolymer Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)- block-poly(3-hydroxypropionate) with Adjustable Structure from an Inexpensive Carbon Source. ACS Macro Lett 2013; 2:996-1000. [PMID: 35581867 DOI: 10.1021/mz400446g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The block copolymers poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-block-poly(3-hydroxypropionate) (P3HB-b-P3HP) with a wide range of 3HP fractions from 7.4 mol % to 75 mol % were biosynthesized from inexpensive carbon sources for the first time, differing from previously reported approaches based on sequential addition of precursors. The engineered Escherichia coli strain carried two parallel synthetic pathways modulated by independent regulatory systems to produce the 3HB and 3HP monomers, respectively. Manipulating the expression levels of 3HB and 3HP pathways resulted in biosynthesis of block copolymers P3HB-b-P3HP with varied compositions. Nuclear magnetic resonance and differential scanning calorimetric studies demonstrated novel microstructure and thermal properties not available in related random copolymers and a blend of P3HB and P3HP homopolymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute
of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute
of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Mo Xian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute
of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Hui Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute
of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yujin Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute
of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Ying Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute
of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Guang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute
of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Tripathi L, Wu LP, Dechuan M, Chen J, Wu Q, Chen GQ. Pseudomonas putida KT2442 as a platform for the biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates with adjustable monomer contents and compositions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 142:225-231. [PMID: 23743426 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The β-oxidation weakened Pseudomonas putida were established as a platform for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) with adjustable monomer compositions and micro-structures. When mutant P. putida KTOYO6ΔC (phaPCJA.c) was cultivated on mixtures of sodium butyrate and sodium hexanoate (C4:C6), random copolymers of P(3HB-co-3HHx) consisting of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx), were accumulated with 3HHx content ranged from 19 mol% to 75 mol%. While recombinant P. putida KTQQ20 grown on mixtures of sodium hexanoate and decanoic acid (C6:C10), produced random copolymers of P(3HHx-co-3HD) consisting of 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx) and 3-hydroxydecanoate (3HD), the monomer fraction of 3HHx ranged from 16 mol% to 63 mol%. The comonomer compositions were easily regulated by varying the fatty acid concentrations. P. putida KTQQ20 produced a novel diblock copolymer P3HHx-b-P(3HD-co-3HDD) consisting of 49 mol% P3HHx and 51 mol% P(3HD-co-3HDD) [35.25 mol% 3HDD (3-hydroxydodecanoate)], which was characterized by (13)C NMR, HMBC NMR, DSC, GPC and universal testing machine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Tripathi
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Numerous microorganisms accumulate polyesters classified as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as carbon and energy storage material when the growth condition is unfavorable in the presence of excess carbon source. Natural PHAs typically consist of various (R)-hydroxycarboxylic acids, and exhibit different material properties depending on the monomer composition. Such diversity comes from different metabolic pathways operating in the cell, and thus generating different monomers. Even more diverse PHAs can be produced by metabolically engineered microorganisms, which leads to the biosynthesis of non-natural polyesters containing lactate as a monomer. In order to make PHAs as useful polymers in our daily life, their production cost should be significantly lowered and material properties should be compatible with those produced by petrochemical industries. Metabolic engineering can address these issues by developing microbial strains capable of producing PHAs of desired material properties with high productivity and yield from inexpensive carbon sources. This commentary aims at peeking into the future of PHAs, focusing on the possible metabolic engineering strategies to be taken to achieve these goals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gi Na Lee
- Korean Minjok Leadership Academy, 600 Bongwha-ro, Anheung-myeon, Hoengseong-gun, Gangwon-do 225-823, Republic of Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|