1
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Rangel G, Moreau C, Villares A, Chassenieux C, Cathala B. Xyloglucan-Cellulose Nanocrystals Mixtures: A Case Study of Nanocolloidal Hydrogels and Levers for Tuning Functional Properties. Gels 2024; 10:334. [PMID: 38786251 PMCID: PMC11121706 DOI: 10.3390/gels10050334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of fully biobased hydrogels obtained by simple routes and in the absence of toxic or environmentally harmful reagents is a major challenge in meeting new societal demands. In this work, we discuss the development of hydrogels made from cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and xyloglucan (XG), two non-toxic, renewable, and biobased components. We present three strategies to fine-tune the functional properties. The first one consists in varying the XG/CNC ratio that leads to the modulation of the mechanical properties of hydrogels as well as a better comprehension of the gel mechanism formation. The second relies on tuning the XG chains' interaction by enzymatic modification to achieve thermoresponsive systems. Finally, the third one is based on the increase in the hydrogel solid content by osmotic concentration. The high-solid-content gels were found to have very high mechanical properties and self-healing properties that can be used for molding materials. Overall, these approaches are a case study of potential modifications and properties offered by biobased nanocolloidal hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Céline Moreau
- UR1268 BIA, INRAE, 44300 Nantes, France; (G.R.); (C.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Ana Villares
- UR1268 BIA, INRAE, 44300 Nantes, France; (G.R.); (C.M.); (A.V.)
| | | | - Bernard Cathala
- UR1268 BIA, INRAE, 44300 Nantes, France; (G.R.); (C.M.); (A.V.)
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2
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Xylan-cellulose thin film platform for assessing xylanase activity. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 294:119737. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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3
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Chen J, Ren Y, Liu W, Wang T, Chen F, Ling Z, Yong Q. All-natural and biocompatible cellulose nanocrystals films with tunable supramolecular structure. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:1324-1331. [PMID: 34742850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Herein, nanocomposites films were prepared via the facile casting method by incorporating cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with arabinogalactan (AG), galactomannan (GM) or konjac glucomannan (KGM) respectively. The introduced polysaccharides maintained the transparency of CNCs films and promoted the UV blocking properties. In addition, mechanical strength of the nanocomposite films was greatly improved after the combination of polysaccharides. The interactions of hydroxyl-abundant macromolecules, smoother and tighter morphological structures, as well as the disturbed crystal structure were proved to be responsible for the improved properties. Hydrophilic lattice planes of cellulose crystallites were determined to interact with polysaccharides resulting in lower crystallite sizes and crystallinity. The cell culture assay revealed that the films had no cytotoxicity and presented a satisfactory cytocompatibility, because of the polysaccharides from plant cell walls introduced into the films. Therefore, the biocompatible nanocomposites films can be tuned by the addition of polysaccharides, which show great potentials for materials modification in optical, packaging and biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuxuan Ren
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wanying Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Feier Chen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhe Ling
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Qiang Yong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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4
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Mandin S, Moreau S, Talantikite M, Novalès B, Maigret JE, Cathala B, Moreau C. Cellulose Nanofibrils/Xyloglucan Bio-Based Aerogels with Shape Recovery. Gels 2021; 7:5. [PMID: 33466460 PMCID: PMC7839008 DOI: 10.3390/gels7010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bio-based aerogels containing cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) are promising materials due to the inherent physical properties of CNF. The high affinity of cellulose to plant hemicelluloses (xyloglucan, xylan, pectin) is also an opportunity to develop biomaterials with new properties. Here, we prepared aerogels from gelled dispersions of CNFs and xyloglucan (XG) at different ratios by using a freeze-casting procedure in unidirectional (UD) and non-directional (ND) manners. As showed by rheology analysis, CNF and CNF/XG dispersions behave as true gels. We investigated the impact of the freezing procedure and the gel's composition on the microstructure and the water absorption properties. The introduction of XG greatly affects the microstructure of the aerogel from lamellar to cellular morphology. Bio-based aerogels showed high water absorption capacity with shape recovery after compression. The relation between morphology and aerogel compositions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Mandin
- UR1268 BIA, INRAE, 44300 Nantes, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (M.T.); (J.-E.M.); (B.C.)
| | - Samuel Moreau
- UR1268 BIA, INRAE, 44300 Nantes, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (M.T.); (J.-E.M.); (B.C.)
| | - Malika Talantikite
- UR1268 BIA, INRAE, 44300 Nantes, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (M.T.); (J.-E.M.); (B.C.)
| | - Bruno Novalès
- UR1268 BIA, BIBS Facility, INRAE, 44300 Nantes, France;
| | - Jean-Eudes Maigret
- UR1268 BIA, INRAE, 44300 Nantes, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (M.T.); (J.-E.M.); (B.C.)
| | - Bernard Cathala
- UR1268 BIA, INRAE, 44300 Nantes, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (M.T.); (J.-E.M.); (B.C.)
| | - Céline Moreau
- UR1268 BIA, INRAE, 44300 Nantes, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (M.T.); (J.-E.M.); (B.C.)
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5
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Shavandi A, Hosseini S, Okoro OV, Nie L, Eghbali Babadi F, Melchels F. 3D Bioprinting of Lignocellulosic Biomaterials. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2001472. [PMID: 33103365 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The interest in bioprinting of sustainable biomaterials is rapidly growing, and lignocellulosic biomaterials have a unique role in this development. Lignocellulosic materials are biocompatible and possess tunable mechanical properties, and therefore promising for use in the field of 3D-printed biomaterials. This review aims to spotlight the recent progress on the application of different lignocellulosic materials (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) from various sources (wood, bacteria, and fungi) in different forms (including nanocrystals and nanofibers in 3D bioprinting). Their crystallinity, leading to water insolubility and the presence of suspended nanostructures, makes these polymers stand out among hydrogel-forming biomaterials. These unique structures give rise to favorable properties such as high ink viscosity and strength and toughness of the final hydrogel, even when used at low concentrations. In this review, the application of lignocellulosic polymers with other components in inks is reported for 3D bioprinting and identified supercritical CO2 as a potential sterilization method for 3D-printed cellulosic materials. This review also focuses on the areas of potential development by highlighting the opportunities and unmet challenges such as the need for standardization of the production, biocompatibility, and biodegradability of the cellulosic materials that underscore the direction of future research into the 3D biofabrication of cellulose-based biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Shavandi
- BioMatter–Biomass Transformation Lab (BTL), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles Université Libre de Bruxelles Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50‐CP 165/61 Brussels 1050 Belgium
| | - Soraya Hosseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi 62102 Taiwan
| | - Oseweuba Valentine Okoro
- Department of Process Engineering Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1 Matieland 7602 South Africa
| | - Lei Nie
- College of Life Sciences Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 China
| | - Farahnaz Eghbali Babadi
- Bio‐Circular‐Green‐economy Technology & Engineering Center BCGeTEC Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Phayathai Road Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Ferry Melchels
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot‐Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK
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6
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Doineau E, Coqueugniot G, Pucci MF, Caro AS, Cathala B, Bénézet JC, Bras J, Le Moigne N. Hierarchical thermoplastic biocomposites reinforced with flax fibres modified by xyloglucan and cellulose nanocrystals. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 254:117403. [PMID: 33357891 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This work is focused on the modification of the interphase zone in short flax fibres / polypropylene (PP) composites by a bio-inspired modification of fibres called "nanostructuration" that uses the adsorption of biomass by-products, i.e. cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and xyloglucan (XG), to create hierarchical flax fibres. The wettability and interfacial adhesion study reveals a strong decrease in the polar character of CNC modified flax fibres, hence increasing the work of adhesion with PP. Moreover, combining XG/CNC modified interphases with MAPP coupling agent enhances the ultimate mechanical properties of biocomposites with higher tensile strength and work of rupture, and modifies failure mechanisms as revealed by in situ micro-mechanical tensile SEM experiments. Bio-based hierarchical composites inspired by naturally occurring nanostructures open a new path for the development of sustainable composites with enhanced structural properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Doineau
- Polymers Composites and Hybrids (PCH), IMT Mines Ales, Ales, France(1); Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), LGP2, F-38000, Grenoble, France(1); INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316, Nantes, France(1).
| | - Guillaume Coqueugniot
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), LGP2, F-38000, Grenoble, France(1)
| | | | | | | | | | - Julien Bras
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), LGP2, F-38000, Grenoble, France(1); Nestle Research Center, CH - 1000, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Le Moigne
- Polymers Composites and Hybrids (PCH), IMT Mines Ales, Ales, France(1).
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7
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Stimpson TC, Cathala B, Moreau C, Moran-Mirabal JM, Cranston ED. Xyloglucan Structure Impacts the Mechanical Properties of Xyloglucan–Cellulose Nanocrystal Layered Films—A Buckling-Based Study. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:3898-3908. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor C. Stimpson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | | | | | - Jose M. Moran-Mirabal
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Emily D. Cranston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
- Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
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8
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Doineau E, Bauer G, Ensenlaz L, Novales B, Sillard C, Bénézet JC, Bras J, Cathala B, Le Moigne N. Adsorption of xyloglucan and cellulose nanocrystals on natural fibres for the creation of hierarchically structured fibres. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 248:116713. [PMID: 32919547 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Green treatment of natural fibres is a major issue in paper, textile and biocomposites industries to design innovative and eco-friendly products. In this work, hierarchical structuring of flax woven fabrics by the adsorption of xyloglucan (XG) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) is studied. Indeed, CNC have high mechanical properties, high specific surface area and great potential for functionalization. The adsorption of XG and CNC has been investigated in terms of localization by confocal and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and quantification through adsorption isotherms. Adhesion force measurements have also been performed by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). XG and CNC are homogeneously adsorbed on flax fabric and adsorption isotherms reach plateau values around 20 mg /gfibres for both. The pre-adsorption of XG on flax fabric influences the amount of adsorbed CNC in the high concentrations and also creates entanglements and strong interactions between XG and CNC with the formation of an extensible network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Doineau
- Polymers Composites and Hybrids (PCH), IMT Mines Ales, Ales, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP(2), LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France; INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316, Nantes, France.
| | | | - Léo Ensenlaz
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP(2), LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Bruno Novales
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316, Nantes, France; INRAE, BIBS Facility, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Cécile Sillard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP(2), LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Julien Bras
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP(2), LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Nicolas Le Moigne
- Polymers Composites and Hybrids (PCH), IMT Mines Ales, Ales, France.
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9
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Ergün A, Tümer EH, Cengiz HY, Deligöz H. Monitoring the Salt Stability of Layer‐by‐Layer Self‐Assembled Films From Polyelectrolyte Blends by Quartz Crystal Microbalance‐Dissipation and Their Ion Separation Performances. POLYM ENG SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayça Ergün
- Chemical Engineeringİstanbul University‐Cerrahpaşa, Engineering Faculty 34320 Avcılar, İstanbul Turkey
| | - Eda Hazal Tümer
- Engineering Faculty, Chemical EngineeringGebze Technical University 41400 Gebze Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Hacer Yeşim Cengiz
- Chemical Engineeringİstanbul University‐Cerrahpaşa, Engineering Faculty 34320 Avcılar, İstanbul Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Deligöz
- Chemical Engineeringİstanbul University‐Cerrahpaşa, Engineering Faculty 34320 Avcılar, İstanbul Turkey
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10
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Direct Cryo Writing of Aerogels Via 3D Printing of Aligned Cellulose Nanocrystals Inspired by the Plant Cell Wall. COLLOIDS AND INTERFACES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/colloids3020046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Aerogel objects inspired by plant cell wall components and structures were fabricated using extrusion-based 3D printing at cryogenic temperatures. The printing process combines 3D printing with the alignment of rod-shaped nanoparticles through the freeze-casting of aqueous inks. We have named this method direct cryo writing (DCW) as it encompasses in a single processing step traditional directional freeze casting and the spatial fidelity of 3D printing. DCW is demonstrated with inks that are composed of an aqueous mixture of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and xyloglucan (XG), which are the major building blocks of plant cell walls. Rapid fixation of the inks is achieved through tailored rheological properties and controlled directional freezing. Morphological evaluation revealed the role of ice crystal growth in the alignment of CNCs and XG. The structure of the aerogels changed from organized and tubular to disordered and flakey pores with an increase in XG content. The internal structure of the printed objects mimics the structure of various wood species and can therefore be used to create wood-like structures via additive manufacturing technologies using only renewable wood-based materials.
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11
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Oguzlu H, Jiang F. Nanopolysaccharides in Surface Coating. SPRINGER SERIES IN BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-0913-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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12
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Lambert E, Aguié-Béghin V, Dessaint D, Foulon L, Chabbert B, Paës G, Molinari M. Real Time and Quantitative Imaging of Lignocellulosic Films Hydrolysis by Atomic Force Microscopy Reveals Lignin Recalcitrance at Nanoscale. Biomacromolecules 2018; 20:515-527. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eléonore Lambert
- LRN EA 4682, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51685 Reims, France
| | | | - Delphine Dessaint
- FARE Laboratory, INRA, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Laurence Foulon
- FARE Laboratory, INRA, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Brigitte Chabbert
- FARE Laboratory, INRA, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Gabriel Paës
- FARE Laboratory, INRA, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Michaël Molinari
- LRN EA 4682, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51685 Reims, France
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13
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Kittle JD, Qian C, Edgar E, Roman M, Esker AR. Adsorption of Xyloglucan onto Thin Films of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Amorphous Cellulose: Film Thickness Effects. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:14004-14012. [PMID: 31458096 PMCID: PMC6644900 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between cellulose and hemicelluloses is of fundamental importance for understanding the molecular architecture of plant cell walls. Adsorption of xyloglucan (XG) onto regenerated cellulose (RC), sulfated cellulose nanocrystal (s-CNC), and desulfated cellulose nanocrystal (d-CNC) films was studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring, surface plasmon resonance, and atomic force microscopy. The amount of XG adsorbed onto different cellulose substrates increased in the order RC < s-CNC < d-CNC. The adsorption of XG onto RC films was independent of film thickness (d), whereas XG adsorption was weakly dependent on d for s-CNC films and strongly dependent on d for d-CNC films. However, approximately the same amount of XG adsorbed onto "monolayer-thin" films of RC, s-CNC, and d-CNC. These results suggest that the morphology and surface charge of the cellulose substrate played a limited role in XG adsorption and highlight the importance of film thickness of cellulose nanocrystalline films to XG adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Kittle
- Department
of Chemistry & Chemistry Research Center, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, Colorado 80840, United States
| | - Chen Qian
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Wood Science and Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Emma Edgar
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Wood Science and Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Maren Roman
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Wood Science and Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Alan R. Esker
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Wood Science and Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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14
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Dudefoi W, Villares A, Peyron S, Moreau C, Ropers MH, Gontard N, Cathala B. Nanoscience and nanotechnologies for biobased materials, packaging and food applications: New opportunities and concerns. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Penttilä PA, Imai T, Hemming J, Willför S, Sugiyama J. Enzymatic hydrolysis of biomimetic bacterial cellulose-hemicellulose composites. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 190:95-102. [PMID: 29628264 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The production of biofuels and other chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass is limited by the inefficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis. Here a biomimetic composite material consisting of bacterial cellulose and wood-based hemicelluloses was used to study the effects of hemicelluloses on the enzymatic hydrolysis with a commercial cellulase mixture. Bacterial cellulose synthesized in the presence of hemicelluloses, especially xylan, was found to be more susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis than hemicellulose-free bacterial cellulose. The reason for the easier hydrolysis could be related to the nanoscale structure of the substrate, particularly the packing of cellulose microfibrils into ribbons or bundles. In addition, small-angle X-ray scattering was used to show that the average nanoscale morphology of bacterial cellulose remained unchanged during the enzymatic hydrolysis. The reported easier enzymatic hydrolysis of bacterial cellulose produced in the presence of wood-based xylan offers new insights to overcome biomass recalcitrance through genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paavo A Penttilä
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University, Gokasho, 611-0011 Uji, Japan.
| | - Tomoya Imai
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University, Gokasho, 611-0011 Uji, Japan
| | - Jarl Hemming
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Porthansgatan 3-5, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Stefan Willför
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Porthansgatan 3-5, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Junji Sugiyama
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University, Gokasho, 611-0011 Uji, Japan
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16
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Guo Z, Zhang L, Zhang L, Yang G, Xu F. Enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis by adding long-chain fatty alcohols using film as a structure model. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 249:82-88. [PMID: 29040864 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Many positive effects of additives on enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials have been investigated, but limited information has been reported on the use of long-chain fatty alcohols (LFAs) for enzymatic hydrolysis by biospired models. In this study, effects of LFAs on enzymatic hydrolysis were evaluated using biomimetic film asa structure model. LFAs clearly improved the digestibility of cellulose film from 65.1% to 77.9%, which was higher than that the digestibility of lignin-cellulose film from 53.9% to 66.2%. Further study indicated that the promotion ascribed to the effect of LFAs, which might provide more active points of chemical reaction and keep the stability of cellulase. Moreover, the digestibility of lignin-cellulose film increased by 12.3%, which might because the denaturation and nonproductive adsorption of cellulase were well prevented by supplementation of LFAs. An efficient strategy was developed to improve the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency in the study of lignocellulosic bioconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongwei Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guihua Yang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Paper Science & Technology, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Paper Science & Technology, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, China.
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17
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Jiang F, Qian C, Esker AR, Roman M. Effect of Nonionic Surfactants on Dispersion and Polar Interactions in the Adsorption of Cellulases onto Lignin. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:9607-9620. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b07716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- Macromolecules
Innovation Institute,‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of
Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Chen Qian
- Macromolecules
Innovation Institute,‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of
Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Alan R. Esker
- Macromolecules
Innovation Institute,‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of
Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Maren Roman
- Macromolecules
Innovation Institute,‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of
Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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18
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Martin C, Barker R, Watkins EB, Dubreuil F, Cranston ED, Heux L, Jean B. Structural Variations in Hybrid All-Nanoparticle Gibbsite Nanoplatelet/Cellulose Nanocrystal Multilayered Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:7896-7907. [PMID: 28715198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are promising biosourced building blocks for the production of high performance materials. In the last ten years, CNCs have been used in conjunction with polymers for the design of multilayered thin films via the layer-by-layer assembly technique. Herein, polymer chains have been replaced with positively charged inorganic gibbsite nanoplatelets (GN) to form hybrid "nanoparticle-only" composite films. A combination of atomic force microscopy and neutron reflectivity experiments was exploited to investigate the growth and structure of the films. Data show that the growth and density of GN/CNC films can be tuned over a wide range during preparation by varying the ionic strength in the CNC suspension and the film drying protocol. Specifically, thin and dense multilayered films or very thick, more porous mixed slabs, as well as intermediate internal structures, could be obtained in a predictable manner. The influence of key physicochemical parameters on the multilayer film buildup was elucidated and the film architecture was linked to the dominating interaction forces between the components. The degree of structural control over these hybrid nanoparticle-only films is much higher than that reported for CNC/polymer films, which offers new properties and potential applications as separation membranes or flame retardant coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clélia Martin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV) , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, CERMAV , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Institut Laue-Langevin , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | | | - Frédéric Dubreuil
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV) , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, CERMAV , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Emily D Cranston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Laurent Heux
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV) , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, CERMAV , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Bruno Jean
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV) , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, CERMAV , F-38000 Grenoble, France
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19
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Reid MS, Kedzior SA, Villalobos M, Cranston ED. Effect of Ionic Strength and Surface Charge Density on the Kinetics of Cellulose Nanocrystal Thin Film Swelling. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:7403-7411. [PMID: 28695741 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This work explores cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) thin films (<50 nm) and particle-particle interactions by investigating film swelling in aqueous solutions with varying ionic strength (1-100 mM). CNC film hydration was monitored in situ via surface plasmon resonance, and the kinetics of liquid uptake were quantified. The contribution of electrostatic double-layer forces to film swelling was elucidated by using CNCs with different surface charges (anionic sulfate half ester groups, high and low surface charge density, and cationic trimethylammonium groups). Total water uptake in the thin films was found to be independent of ionic strength and surface chemistry, suggesting that in the aggregated state van der Waals forces dominate over double-layer forces to hold the films together. However, the rate of swelling varied significantly. The water uptake followed Fickian behavior, and the measured diffusion constants decreased with the ionic strength gradient between the film and the solution. This work highlights that nanoparticle interactions and dispersion are highly dependent on the state of particle aggregation and that the rate of water uptake in aggregates and thin films can be tailored based on surface chemistry and solution ionic strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Reid
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L8
| | - Stephanie A Kedzior
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L8
| | - Marco Villalobos
- Cabot Corporation, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Emily D Cranston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L8
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20
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Villares A, Bizot H, Moreau C, Rolland-Sabaté A, Cathala B. Effect of xyloglucan molar mass on its assembly onto the cellulose surface and its enzymatic susceptibility. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 157:1105-1112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Hatton FL, Engström J, Forsling J, Malmström E, Carlmark A. Biomimetic adsorption of zwitterionic–xyloglucan block copolymers to CNF: towards tailored super-absorbing cellulose materials. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28236a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Block-copolymer of xyloglucan and zwitterionic PSBMA prepared by RAFT as a biomimetic adsorbent for cellulose nanofibrils to create super-adsorbing gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. L. Hatton
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- SE-100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - J. Engström
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- SE-100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - J. Forsling
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- SE-100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - E. Malmström
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- SE-100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - A. Carlmark
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- SE-100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
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22
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Hydrolysis of model cellulose films by cellulosomes: Extension of quartz crystal microbalance technique to multienzymatic complexes. J Biotechnol 2016; 241:42-49. [PMID: 27838255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulosomes contain highly efficient complexed cellulases and have been studied extensively for the production of lignocellulosic biofuels and bioproducts. A surface measurement technique, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D), was extended for the investigation of real-time binding and hydrolysis of model cellulose surfaces from free fungal cellulases to the cellulosomes of Clostridium thermocellum (Ruminiclostridium thermocellum). In differentiating the activities of cell-free and cell-bound cellulosomes, greater than 68% of the cellulosomes in the crude cell broth were found to exist unattached to the cell across multiple growth stages. The initial hydrolysis rate of crude cell broth measured by QCM was greater than that of cell-free cellulosomes, but the corresponding frequency drop (a direct measure of the mass of enzyme adsorbed to the film) of crude cell broth was less than that of the cell-free cellulosomes, consistent with the underestimation of the cell mass adsorbed using QCM. Inhibition of hydrolysis by cellobiose (0-10g/L), which is similar for crude cell broth and cell-free cellulosomes, demonstrates the sensitivity of the QCM to environmental perturbations of multienzymatic complexes. QCM measurements using multienzymatic complexes may be used to screen and optimize hydrolysis conditions and to develop mechanistic, surface-based models of enzymatic cellulose deconstruction.
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23
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Liguori R, Faraco V. Biological processes for advancing lignocellulosic waste biorefinery by advocating circular economy. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 215:13-20. [PMID: 27131870 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The actualization of a circular economy through the use of lignocellulosic wastes as renewable resources can lead to reduce the dependence from fossil-based resources and contribute to a sustainable waste management. The integrated biorefineries, exploiting the overall lignocellulosic waste components to generate fuels, chemicals and energy, are the pillar of the circular economy. The biological treatment is receiving great attention for the biorefinery development since it is considered an eco-friendly alternative to the physico-chemical strategies to increase the biobased product recovery from wastes and improve saccharification and fermentation yields. This paper reviews the last advances in the biological treatments aimed at upgrading lignocellulosic wastes, implementing the biorefinery concept and advocating circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Liguori
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia, 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenza Faraco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia, 4, 80126 Naples, Italy; European Center "Europe Direct LUPT", Italy; Interdepartmental Center "R. d'Ambrosio, LUPT", Italy.
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24
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Reid MS, Villalobos M, Cranston ED. Cellulose nanocrystal interactions probed by thin film swelling to predict dispersibility. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:12247-57. [PMID: 27256628 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr01737a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The production of well-dispersed reinforced polymer nanocomposites has been limited due to poor understanding of the interactions between components. Measuring the cohesive particle-particle interactions and the adhesive particle-polymer interactions is challenging due to nanoscale dimensions and poor colloidal stability of nanoparticles in many solvents. We demonstrate a new cohesive interaction measurement method using cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as a model system; CNCs have recently gained attention in the composites community due to their mechanical strength and renewable nature. Multi-wavelength surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPR) was used to monitor the swelling of CNC thin films to elucidate the primary forces between CNCs. This was achieved by measuring swelling in situ in water, acetone, methanol, acetonitrile, isopropanol, and ethanol and relating the degree of swelling to solvent properties. Films swelled the most in water where we estimate 1.2-1.6 nm spacings between CNCs (or 4-6 molecular layers of water). Furthermore, a correlation was found between film swelling and the solvent's Hildebrand solubility parameter (R(2) = 0.9068). The hydrogen bonding component of the solubility parameters was more closely linked to swelling than the polar or dispersive components. The films remained intact in all solvents, and using DLVO theory we have identified van der Waals forces as the main cohesive interaction between CNCs. The trends observed suggest that solvents (and polymers) alone are not sufficient to overcome CNC-CNC cohesion and that external energy is required to break CNC agglomerates. This work not only demonstrates that SPR can be used as a tool to measure cohesive particle-particle interactions but additionally advances our fundamental understanding of CNC interactions which is necessary for the design of cellulose nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Reid
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L8.
| | | | - Emily D Cranston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L8.
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25
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Martínez-Sanz M, Gidley MJ, Gilbert EP. Hierarchical architecture of bacterial cellulose and composite plant cell wall polysaccharide hydrogels using small angle neutron scattering. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:1534-49. [PMID: 26658920 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02085a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) has been applied to characterise the structure of pure bacterial cellulose hydrogels, and composites thereof, with two plant cell wall polysaccharides (arabinoxylan and xyloglucan). Conventional published models, which assume that bacterial cellulose ribbons are solid one-phase systems, fail to adequately describe the SANS data of pure bacterial cellulose. Fitting of the neutron scattering profiles instead suggests that the sub-structure of cellulose microfibrils contained within the ribbons results in the creation of regions with distinct values of neutron scattering length density, when the hydrogels are subjected to H2O/D2O exchange. This may be represented within a core-shell formalism that considers the cellulose ribbons to comprise a core containing impermeable crystallites surrounded by a network of paracrystalline cellulose and tightly bound water, and a shell containing only paracrystalline cellulose and water. Accordingly, a fitting function comprising the sum of a power-law term to account for the large scale structure of intertwined ribbons, plus a core-shell cylinder with polydisperse radius, has been applied; it is demonstrated to simultaneously describe all SANS contrast variation data of pure and composite bacterial cellulose hydrogels. In addition, the resultant fitting parameters indicate distinct interaction mechanisms of arabinoxylan and xyloglucan with cellulose, revealing the potential of this approach to investigate the role of different plant cell wall polysaccharides on the biosynthesis process of cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Martínez-Sanz
- Bragg Institute, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
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26
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Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhou T, Wu Y, Xu F. The dual effects of lignin content on enzymatic hydrolysis using film composed of cellulose and lignin as a structure model. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 200:761-9. [PMID: 26575618 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The degree of delignification during pretreatment is a critical question for economic conversion of biomass to sugar platform. Many models have been used to study the optimum lignin content in biomass, but few of them are able to study without disturbances, such as the complex component and structure of biomass. A novel film model composed of only cellulose and lignin was used to investigate the effect of lignin on enzymatic hydrolysis. High lignin-cellulose proportion (10.00-31.25%) hindered enzymatic hydrolysis, whereas low lignin-cellulose proportion (2.00-8.00%) showed a notable potential to promote enzymatic hydrolysis. The enzymatic hydrolysis rate of lignin-cellulose (6.00%) film was 11.5% higher than that of pure cellulose films. Further study indicated that the promotion was due to the enhancement of film porosity and roughness by residual lignin. Thus, based on the biomimetic model, excessive delignification is not recommended in view of efficient conversion and economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tian Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuying Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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27
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Dammak A, Moreau C, Azzam F, Jean B, Cousin F, Cathala B. Influence of cellulose nanocrystals concentration and ionic strength on the elaboration of cellulose nanocrystals–xyloglucan multilayered thin films. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 460:214-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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White biotechnology: State of the art strategies for the development of biocatalysts for biorefining. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1653-70. [PMID: 26303096 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
White biotechnology is a term that is now often used to describe the implementation of biotechnology in the industrial sphere. Biocatalysts (enzymes and microorganisms) are the key tools of white biotechnology, which is considered to be one of the key technological drivers for the growing bioeconomy. Biocatalysts are already present in sectors such as the chemical and agro-food industries, and are used to manufacture products as diverse as antibiotics, paper pulp, bread or advanced polymers. This review proposes an original and global overview of highly complementary fields of biotechnology at both enzyme and microorganism level. A certain number of state of the art approaches that are now being used to improve the industrial fitness of biocatalysts particularly focused on the biorefinery sector are presented. The first part deals with the technologies that underpin the development of industrial biocatalysts, notably the discovery of new enzymes and enzyme improvement using directed evolution techniques. The second part describes the toolbox available by the cell engineer to shape the metabolism of microorganisms. And finally the last part focuses on the 'omic' technologies that are vital for understanding and guide microbial engineering toward more efficient microbial biocatalysts. Altogether, these techniques and strategies will undoubtedly help to achieve the challenging task of developing consolidated bioprocessing (i.e. CBP) readily available for industrial purpose.
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29
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Kozioł A, Cybulska J, Pieczywek PM, Zdunek A. Evaluation of Structure and Assembly of Xyloglucan from Tamarind Seed ( Tamarindus indica L.) with Atomic Force Microscopy. FOOD BIOPHYS 2015; 10:396-402. [PMID: 26523128 PMCID: PMC4623076 DOI: 10.1007/s11483-015-9395-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The role of xyloglucan (XG) in the cell wall of plants and its technological usability depends on several factors, pertaining to molecular structure. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the nano-structure and self-assembly of XG by atomic force microscopy (AFM). As the model, a non-modified xyloglucan from a tamarind seed (Tamarindus indica L.) was used. Samples were minimally processed, i.e., treated with low-power ultrasound and studied on the surface of mica in ambient butanol. AFM topographic images revealed rod-like nanomolecules of xyloglucan with a mean height of 2.3 ± 0.5 nm and mean length of 640 ± 360 nm. The AFM study also showed that XG chains possessed a helical structure with a period of 115.8 ± 29.2 nm. This study showed possible-bending of molecules with a mean angle of 127.8 ± 25.6°. The xyloglucan molecules were able to aggregate as cross-like and a parallel like assemblies, and possibly as rope-like structures. The self-assembled bundles of xyloglucan chains were often complexed at an angle of 114.2 ± 36.3°.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Kozioł
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doswiadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | - Justyna Cybulska
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doswiadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr M. Pieczywek
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doswiadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | - Artur Zdunek
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doswiadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
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30
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Azzam F, Moreau C, Cousin F, Menelle A, Bizot H, Cathala B. Reversible modification of structure and properties of cellulose nanofibril-based multilayered thin films induced by postassembly acid treatment. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:2800-2807. [PMID: 25706711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A postassembly acid-treatment consisting of an immersion in 5 mM HCl solution was applied to carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils (CNF)-poly(allylamine) hydrochloride (PAH) multilayered thin films. Our results show that the treatment did not affect the overall thickness of the films without any loss of the components. However, a modification of the surface morphology was observed, as well as the swelling behavior. The process was perfectly reversible since the original structure was recovered when the thin films were rinsed by ultrapure water. Moreover, a more pronounced antireflective character was detected for the treated films. The origin of these reversible modifications was discussed. Notably, the scattering length density (SLD) profiles of the films before and after treatment support the idea of a structural reorganization of the components within the film driven by the change of their charge densities induced by the acid treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firas Azzam
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages , 44316 Nantes, France
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31
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Application of X-ray and neutron small angle scattering techniques to study the hierarchical structure of plant cell walls: a review. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 125:120-34. [PMID: 25857967 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Plant cell walls present an extremely complex structure of hierarchically assembled cellulose microfibrils embedded in a multi-component matrix. The biosynthesis process determines the mechanism of cellulose crystallisation and assembly, as well as the interaction of cellulose with other cell wall components. Thus, a knowledge of cellulose microfibril and bundle architecture, and the structural role of matrix components, is crucial for understanding cell wall functional and technological roles. Small angle scattering techniques, combined with complementary methods, provide an efficient approach to characterise plant cell walls, covering a broad and relevant size range while minimising experimental artefacts derived from sample treatment. Given the system complexity, approaches such as component extraction and the use of plant cell wall analogues are typically employed to enable the interpretation of experimental results. This review summarises the current research status on the characterisation of the hierarchical structure of plant cell walls using small angle scattering techniques.
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32
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Dammak A, Quémener B, Bonnin E, Alvarado C, Bouchet B, Villares A, Moreau C, Cathala B. Exploring Architecture of Xyloglucan Cellulose Nanocrystal Complexes through Enzyme Susceptibility at Different Adsorption Regimes. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:589-96. [DOI: 10.1021/bm5016317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abir Dammak
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères
Interactions
Assemblages, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - Bernard Quémener
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères
Interactions
Assemblages, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - Estelle Bonnin
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères
Interactions
Assemblages, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - Camille Alvarado
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères
Interactions
Assemblages, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - Brigitte Bouchet
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères
Interactions
Assemblages, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - Ana Villares
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères
Interactions
Assemblages, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - Céline Moreau
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères
Interactions
Assemblages, 44316 Nantes, France
| | - Bernard Cathala
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères
Interactions
Assemblages, 44316 Nantes, France
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33
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Azzam F, Moreau C, Cousin F, Menelle A, Bizot H, Cathala B. Cellulose nanofibril-based multilayered thin films: effect of ionic strength on porosity, swelling, and optical properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:8091-8100. [PMID: 24971725 DOI: 10.1021/la501408r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and synthetic poly(allylamine) hydrochloride (PAH) were used to build multilayered thin films via the dipping-assisted layer-by-layer technique. We used the ionic strength, in both CNF suspension and PAH solution, as a key parameter to control the structure of the films. Three systems with different ionic strength parameters were investigated. We studied the growth of the films and their surface morphology by ellipsometry and AFM and investigated their porosity and swelling behavior using neutron reflectivity. Our results showed that the PAH conformation is a determining factor not only for film growth but also for structural properties: with salt-free PAH solution where chains have extended conformation, the resulting films have lower porosity and higher swelling ratios, compared to the ones made using high ionic strength (1 M) PAH solution, where chains have a coiled conformation. The slight aggregation of CNF, induced by adding a small amount of salt (12 mM), has less influence on film growth and porosity, whereas it has a greater impact on swelling. The origin of these differences is discussed. The structure of the films obtained was linked to their optical properties and, in particular, to their antireflective character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firas Azzam
- UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA , 44316 Nantes, France
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34
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Villares A, Moreau C, Capron I, Cathala B. Impact of ionic strength on chitin nanocrystal-xyloglucan multilayer film growth. Biopolymers 2014; 101:924-30. [PMID: 24719043 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The impact of the ionic strength on the film growth has been studied for the architectures composed of chitin nanocrystals (ChiNC) and xyloglucan (XG) to better understand the fabrication process of multilayer films. The formation of ChiNC-XG assemblies was monitored by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) and multilayer films were fabricated by the spin-coating assisted layer-by-layer (LbL) procedure. Films were prepared from 1 g L(-1) ChiNC dispersions at pH 4 without and with the addition of NaCl (0 and 5 mM, respectively) and 0.5 g L(-1) XG solutions in water. Distinct growth pattern and structural characteristics were found for the films prepared from ChiNC at 0 and 5 mM NaCl. Specifically, films assembled without salt exhibited lower mass deposition and film growth failed after 5 (ChiNC-XG) bilayers. Differently, at 5 mM NaCl higher amounts of both polymers (ChiNC and XG) were adsorbed; therefore, the films were thicker, and the deposition succeeded up to 10 bilayers. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed an almost completely covered surface after the adsorption of ChiNC at 5 mM NaCl whereas salt-free ChiNC dispersions resulted in lower surface coverage. These results reliably concluded that the fabrication of (ChiNC-XG) films requires the screening of the charges to promote the layers stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Villares
- UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44316, Nantes, France
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Dhar P, Bhardwaj U, Kumar A, Katiyar V. Cellulose Nanocrystals: A Potential Nanofiller for Food Packaging Applications. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2014-1162.ch017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prodyut Dhar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Umesh Bhardwaj
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Vimal Katiyar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
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