1
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Havemeister F, Ghaeidamini M, Esbjörner EK. Monovalent cations have different effects on the assembly kinetics and morphology of α-synuclein amyloid fibrils. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 679:31-36. [PMID: 37660641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Formation of α-synuclein amyloid fibrils is a pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease and a phenomenon that is strongly modulated by environmental factors. Here, we compared effects of different monovalent cations (Li+, Na+, K+) on the formation and properties of α-synuclein amyloid fibrils. Na+ > Li+ were found to have concentration-dependent catalytic effects on primary nucleation whereas K+ ions acted inhibitory. We discuss this discrepancy in terms of a superior affinity of Na+ and Li+ to carboxylic protein groups, resulting in reduced Columbic repulsion and by considering K+ as an ion with poor protein binding and slight chaotropic character, which could promote random coil protein structure. K+ ions, furthermore, appeared to lower the β-sheet content of the fibrils and increase their persistence lengths, the latter we interpret as a consequence of lesser ion binding and hence higher line charge of the fibrils. The finding that Na+ and K+ have opposite effects on α-synuclein aggregation is intriguing in relation to the significant transient gradients of these ions across axonal membranes, but also important for the design and interpretation of biophysical assays where buffers containing these monovalent cations have been intermixedly used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fritjof Havemeister
- Division of Chemical Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, S-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marziyeh Ghaeidamini
- Division of Chemical Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, S-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elin K Esbjörner
- Division of Chemical Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, S-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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2
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Kulakova A, Augustijn D, El Bialy I, Gentiluomo L, Greco ML, Hervø-Hansen S, Indrakumar S, Mahapatra S, Martinez Morales M, Pohl C, Polimeni M, Roche A, Svilenov HL, Tosstorff A, Zalar M, Curtis R, Derrick JP, Frieß W, Golovanov AP, Lund M, Nørgaard A, Khan TA, Peters GHJ, Pluen A, Roessner D, Streicher WW, van der Walle CF, Warwicker J, Uddin S, Winter G, Bukrinski JT, Rinnan Å, Harris P. Chemometrics in Protein Formulation: Stability Governed by Repulsion and Protein Unfolding. Mol Pharm 2023. [PMID: 37146162 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic proteins can be challenging to develop due to their complexity and the requirement of an acceptable formulation to ensure patient safety and efficacy. To date, there is no universal formulation development strategy that can identify optimal formulation conditions for all types of proteins in a fast and reliable manner. In this work, high-throughput characterization, employing a toolbox of five techniques, was performed on 14 structurally different proteins formulated in 6 different buffer conditions and in the presence of 4 different excipients. Multivariate data analysis and chemometrics were used to analyze the data in an unbiased way. First, observed changes in stability were primarily determined by the individual protein. Second, pH and ionic strength are the two most important factors determining the physical stability of proteins, where there exists a significant statistical interaction between protein and pH/ionic strength. Additionally, we developed prediction methods by partial least-squares regression. Colloidal stability indicators are important for prediction of real-time stability, while conformational stability indicators are important for prediction of stability under accelerated stress conditions at 40 °C. In order to predict real-time storage stability, protein-protein repulsion and the initial monomer fraction are the most important properties to monitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Kulakova
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 207, Kongens, Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Dillen Augustijn
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, Frederiksberg 1958, Denmark
| | - Inas El Bialy
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Butenandtstrasse 5, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Gentiluomo
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Butenandtstrasse 5, Munich 81377, Germany
- Wyatt Technology Europe GmbH, Hochstrasse 18, Dernbach 56307, Germany
| | - Maria Laura Greco
- Dosage Form Design and Development, AstraZeneca, Sir Aaron Klug Building, Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, U.K
| | - Stefan Hervø-Hansen
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, Lund 22100, Sweden
| | - Sowmya Indrakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 207, Kongens, Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | | | - Marcello Martinez Morales
- Dosage Form Design and Development, AstraZeneca, Sir Aaron Klug Building, Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, U.K
| | - Christin Pohl
- Novozymes A/S, Krogshoejvej 36, Bagsvaerd 2880, Denmark
| | - Marco Polimeni
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, Lund 22100, Sweden
| | - Aisling Roche
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Hristo L Svilenov
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Butenandtstrasse 5, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Andreas Tosstorff
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Butenandtstrasse 5, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Matja Zalar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Robin Curtis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Jeremy P Derrick
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Wolfgang Frieß
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Butenandtstrasse 5, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Alexander P Golovanov
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Mikael Lund
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, Lund 22100, Sweden
| | | | - Tarik A Khan
- Pharmaceutical Development & Supplies, Pharma Technical Development Biologics Europe, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Grenzacherstrasse 124, Basel 4070, Switzerland
| | - Günther H J Peters
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 207, Kongens, Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Alain Pluen
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Dierk Roessner
- Wyatt Technology Europe GmbH, Hochstrasse 18, Dernbach 56307, Germany
| | | | - Christopher F van der Walle
- Dosage Form Design and Development, AstraZeneca, Sir Aaron Klug Building, Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, U.K
| | - Jim Warwicker
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Shahid Uddin
- Dosage Form Design and Development, AstraZeneca, Sir Aaron Klug Building, Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, U.K
| | - Gerhard Winter
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Butenandtstrasse 5, Munich 81377, Germany
| | | | - Åsmund Rinnan
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, Frederiksberg 1958, Denmark
| | - Pernille Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 207, Kongens, Lyngby 2800, Denmark
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3
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Food protein aggregation and its application. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111725. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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4
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ATP and Tri-Polyphosphate (TPP) Suppress Protein Aggregate Growth by a Supercharging Mechanism. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111646. [PMID: 34829875 PMCID: PMC8616003 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A common strategy to increase aggregation resistance is through rational mutagenesis to supercharge proteins, which leads to high colloidal stability, but often has the undesirable effect of lowering conformational stability. We show this trade-off can be overcome by using small multivalent polyphosphate ions, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and tripolyphosphate (TPP) as excipients. These ions are equally effective at suppressing aggregation of ovalbumin and bovine serum albumin (BSA) upon thermal stress as monitored by dynamic and static light scattering. Monomer loss kinetic studies, combined with measurements of native state protein–protein interactions and ζ-potentials, indicate the ions reduce aggregate growth by increasing the protein colloidal stability through binding and overcharging the protein. Out of three additional proteins studied, ribonuclease A (RNaseA), α-chymotrypsinogen (α-Cgn), and lysozyme, we only observed a reduction in aggregate growth for RNaseA, although overcharging by the poly-phosphate ions still occurs for lysozyme and α-Cgn. Because the salts do not alter protein conformational stability, using them as excipients could be a promising strategy for stabilizing biopharmaceuticals once the protein structural factors that determine whether multivalent ion binding will increase colloidal stability are better elucidated. Our findings also have biological implications. Recently, it has been proposed that ATP also plays an important role in maintaining intracellular biological condensates and preventing protein aggregation in densely packed cellular environments. We expect electrostatic interactions are a significant factor in determining the stabilizing ability of ATP towards maintaining proteins in non-dispersed states in vivo.
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5
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Li S, Chen W, Hu X, Feng F. Self-Assembly of Albumin and [FeFe]-Hydrogenase Mimics for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:2482-2488. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Li
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Material and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weijian Chen
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Material and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiantao Hu
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Material and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fude Feng
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Material and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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6
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Sun H, Choi D, Heo J, Jung SY, Hong J. Studies on the Drug Loading and Release Profiles of Degradable Chitosan-Based Multilayer Films for Anticancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030593. [PMID: 32150885 PMCID: PMC7140006 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates the possibility of developing a rapidly degradable chitosan-based multilayer film for controlled drug release. The chitosan (CHI)-based multilayer nanofilms were prepared with three different types of anions, hyaluronic acid (HA), alginic acid (ALG) and tannic acid (TA). Taking advantage of the Layer-by-Layer (LBL) assembly, each multilayer film has different morphology, porosity and thickness depending on their ionic density, molecular structure and the polymer functionality of the building blocks. We loaded drug models such as doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and ovalbumin (Ova) into multilayer films and analyzed the drug loading and release profiles in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer with the same osmolarity and temperature as the human body. Despite the rapid degradation of the multilayer film in a high pH and salt solution, the drug release profile can be controlled by increasing the functional group density, which results in interaction with the drug. In particular, the abundant carboxylate groups in the CHI/HA film increased the loading amount of DOX and decreased rapid drug release. The TA interaction with DOX via electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction showed a sustained drug release profile. These results serve as principles for fabricating a tailored multilayer film for drug delivery application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongdeok Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea; (H.S.); (D.C.); (J.H.)
| | - Daheui Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea; (H.S.); (D.C.); (J.H.)
| | - Jiwoong Heo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea; (H.S.); (D.C.); (J.H.)
| | - Se Yong Jung
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.Y.J.); (J.H.); Tel.: +82-2-2123-5748 (S.Y.J. & J.H.)
| | - Jinkee Hong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea; (H.S.); (D.C.); (J.H.)
- Correspondence: (S.Y.J.); (J.H.); Tel.: +82-2-2123-5748 (S.Y.J. & J.H.)
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7
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He D, Lv Y, Tong Q. Succinylation Improves the Thermal Stability of Egg White Proteins. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203783. [PMID: 31640198 PMCID: PMC6832609 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Succinylation can improve the thermal stability of various proteins. In this study, succinylated egg white protein (SEWP) samples with different succinylation degrees were prepared by adding various succinic anhydride additives to egg white protein (EWP). The thermal stability of SEWP and the conformational structure under various succinylation degrees were investigated. With the increase in succinylation degree, the turbidity of heated SEWP solution (90 °C for 30 min) markedly declined. The heated SEWP solution with high succinylation degree (37.63%, 66.57%, and 72.37%) was transparent. Moreover, the result of differential scanning calorimetry confirmed that the thermal stability of succinylated EWP increased. The results of intrinsic fluorescence spectra and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy illustrate that succinylation changed the conformational structure of EWP. Succinylation increased the electrostatic repulsion and decreased the surface hydrophobicity, and it changed the aggregation morphology of EWP. Cross-linked spherical aggregates of low succinylation degree transformed to thready aggregates of a high succinylation degree. Thus, succinylation improved the thermal stability of EWP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dabo He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, 7 Beinong Lu, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Ying Lv
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, 7 Beinong Lu, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Qigen Tong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, 7 Beinong Lu, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China.
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Egg Safety Production and Processing, Beijing 100094, China.
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing 100022, China.
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8
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Ma Y, Zhao Y, Jiang Y, Chi Y. Effect of dry heating on the aggregation behaviour and aggregate morphologies of ovalbumin. Food Chem 2019; 285:296-304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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9
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Jansens KJA, Lambrecht MA, Rombouts I, Monge Morera M, Brijs K, Rousseau F, Schymkowitz J, Delcour JA. Conditions Governing Food Protein Amyloid Fibril Formation-Part I: Egg and Cereal Proteins. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2019; 18:1256-1276. [PMID: 33336994 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Conditions including heating mode, time, temperature, pH, moisture and protein concentration, shear, and the presence of alcohols, chaotropic/reducing agents, enzymes, and/or salt influence amyloid fibril (AF) formation as they can affect the accessibility of amino acid sequences prone to aggregate. As some conditions applied on model protein resemble conditions in food processing unit operations, we here hypothesize that food processing can lead to formation of protein AFs with a compact cross β-sheet structure. This paper reviews conditions and food constituents that affect amyloid fibrillation of egg and cereal proteins. While egg and cereal proteins often coexist in food products, their impact on each other's fibrillation remains unknown. Hen egg ovalbumin and lysozyme form AFs when subjected to moderate heating at acidic pH separately. AFs can also be formed at higher pH, especially in the presence of alcohols or chaotropic/reducing agents. Tryptic wheat gluten digests can form fibrillar structures at neutral pH and maize and rice proteins do so in aqueous ethanol or at acidic pH, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen J A Jansens
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium.,Nutrex NV, Achterstenhoek 5, B-2275, Lille, Belgium
| | - Marlies A Lambrecht
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ine Rombouts
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium.,KU Leuven, ECOVO, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Margarita Monge Morera
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kristof Brijs
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederic Rousseau
- Switch Laboratory, VIB, and Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost Schymkowitz
- Switch Laboratory, VIB, and Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan A Delcour
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
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10
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Jansens KJA, Rombouts I, Grootaert C, Brijs K, Van Camp J, Van der Meeren P, Rousseau F, Schymkowitz J, Delcour JA. Rational Design of Amyloid-Like Fibrillary Structures for Tailoring Food Protein Techno-Functionality and Their Potential Health Implications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 18:84-105. [PMID: 33337021 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
To control and enhance protein functionality is a major challenge for food scientists. In this context, research on food protein fibril formation, especially amyloid fibril formation, holds much promise. We here first provide a concise overview of conditions, which affect amyloid formation in food proteins. Particular attention is directed towards amyloid core regions because these sequences promote ordered aggregation. Better understanding of this process will be key to tailor the fibril formation process. Especially seeding, that is, adding preformed protein fibrils to protein solutions to accelerate fibril formation holds promise to tailor aggregation and fibril techno-functionality. Some studies have already indicated that food protein fibrillation indeed improves their techno-functionality. However, much more research is necessary to establish whether protein fibrils are useful in complex food systems and whether and to what extent they resist food processing unit operations. In this review the effect of amyloid formation on gelation, interfacial properties, foaming, and emulsification is discussed. Despite their prevalent role as functional structures, amyloids also receive a lot of attention due to their association with protein deposition diseases, prompting us to thoroughly investigate the potential health impact of amyloid-like aggregates in food. A literature review on the effect of the different stages of the human digestive process on amyloid toxicity leads us to conclude that food-derived amyloid fibrils (even those with potential pathogenic properties) very likely have minimal impact on human health. Nevertheless, prior to wide-spread application of the technology, it is highly advisable to further verify the lack of toxicity of food-derived amyloid fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen J A Jansens
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ine Rombouts
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Grootaert
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition, Ghent Univ., Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristof Brijs
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - John Van Camp
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition, Ghent Univ., Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paul Van der Meeren
- Particle and Interfacial Technology Group, Ghent Univ., Coupure Links 653, B- 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frederic Rousseau
- Switch Laboratory, VIB, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Authors Rousseau and Schymkowitz are also with Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost Schymkowitz
- Switch Laboratory, VIB, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Authors Rousseau and Schymkowitz are also with Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan A Delcour
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
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11
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Cai J, Sweeney AM. The Proof Is in the Pidan: Generalizing Proteins as Patchy Particles. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2018; 4:840-853. [PMID: 30062112 PMCID: PMC6062823 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The Chinese century egg, or pidan, is a traditional preparation of duck eggs that can be stored for months at room temperature without degradation. Raw eggs are soaked in a strong alkaline and salt solution, and the albumin gradually forms a stable, transparent gel. Here, we show that pidan gels belong to the class of materials formed from "patchy particles". We found that the β-sheet structure of ovalbumin, the major protein constituent of egg white, is preserved during gelation, while α-helical regions undergo a degree of unfolding into unstructured random coils that may form attractive patches. Upon dilution in additional strong base, the phase behavior of pidan gels is consistent with patchy-particle thermodynamics. This protein gel is also physically and structurally similar to the protein gels that form the squid lens. Both systems exhibit patchy thermodynamics, and the constituent proteins share physical features including a structured, charged core, and polar, unstructured "arms" that form attractive patches. Our work provides a path toward rational design of proteins for precisely structured, volume-spanning materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cai
- Department of Physics and
Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Alison M. Sweeney
- Department of Physics and
Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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12
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Jangholi A, Ashrafi-Kooshk MR, Arab SS, Karima S, Poorebrahim M, Ghadami SA, Moosavi-Movahedi AA, Khodarahmi R. Can any “non-specific charge modification within microtubule binding domains of Tau” be a prerequisite of the protein amyloid aggregation? An in vitro study on the 1N4R isoform. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 109:188-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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13
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Jansens KJA, Brijs K, Stetefeld J, Delcour JA, Scanlon MG. Ultrasonic Characterization of Amyloid-Like Ovalbumin Aggregation. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:4612-4620. [PMID: 31457750 PMCID: PMC6641891 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thermal processing conditions, pH, and salt content affect the formation of egg white ovalbumin amyloid, which was investigated using high-precision measurements of ultrasonic velocity and attenuation. These were related to fluorescence and particle size measurements. Fluorescence changes indicated the formation of amyloid-like aggregates that was enhanced by increasing time-temperature treatments. The ultrasonic velocity of ovalbumin after heating at neutral pH (60 min at 70 or 80 °C) was lower than that of unheated ovalbumin, whereas the attenuation was higher. The decrease in the velocity represents increased compressibility associated with a change in the compactness of the protein, whereas changes in attenuation are due to protein conformational changes. Heating ramp studies revealed transitions at approximately 58 and 73 °C. During heating at a constant temperature, the ultrasonic velocity decreased slowly with increasing heating time, indicating an increase in ovalbumin compressibility. It is suggested that the obtained amyloid-like ovalbumin aggregates contain a compact core surrounded by loosely packed protein segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen J. A. Jansens
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry, Leuven
Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kristof Brijs
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry, Leuven
Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jörg Stetefeld
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R2T 2N2
| | - Jan A. Delcour
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry, Leuven
Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martin G. Scanlon
- Department
of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
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14
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Yang L, Bracho‐Sanchez E, Fernando LP, Lewis JS, Carstens MR, Duvall CL, Keselowsky BG. Poly(2-propylacrylic acid)/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) blend microparticles as a targeted antigen delivery system to direct either CD4 + or CD8 + T cell activation. Bioeng Transl Med 2017; 2:202-211. [PMID: 29313030 PMCID: PMC5675098 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) based microparticles (MPs) are widely investigated for their ability to load a range of molecules with high efficiency, including antigenic proteins, and release them in a controlled manner. Micron-sized PLGA MPs are readily phagocytosed by antigen presenting cells, and localized to endosomes. Due to low pH and digestive enzymes, encapsulated protein cargo is largely degraded and processed in endosomes for MHC-II loading and presentation to CD4+ T cells, with very little antigen delivered into the cytosol, limiting MHC-I antigenic loading and presentation to CD8+ T cells. In this work, PLGA was blended with poly(2-propylacrylic acid) (PPAA), a membrane destabilizing polymer, in order to incorporate an endosomal escape strategy into PLGA MPs as an easily fabricated platform with diverse loading capabilities, as a means to enable antigen presentation to CD8+ T cells. Ovalbumin (OVA)-loaded MPs were fabricated using a water-in-oil double emulsion with a 0% (PLGA only), 3 and 10% PPAA composition. MPs were subsequently determined to have an average diameter of 1 µm, with high loading and a release profile characteristic of PLGA. Bone marrow derived dendritic cells (DCs) were then incubated with MPs in order to evaluate localization, processing, and presentation of ovalbumin. Endosomal escape of OVA was observed only in DC groups treated with PPAA/PLGA blends, which promoted high levels of activation of CD8+ OVA-specific OT-I T cells, compared to DCs treated with OVA-loaded PLGA MPs which were unable activate CD8+ T cells. In contrast, DCs treated with OVA-loaded PLGA MPs promoted OVA-specific OT-II CD4+ T cell activation, whereas PPAA incorporation into the MP blend did not permit CD4+ T cell activation. These studies demonstrate PLGA MP blends containing PPAA are able to provide an endosomal escape strategy for encapsulated protein antigen, enabling the targeted delivery of antigen for tunable presentation and activation of either CD4+ or CD8+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Yang
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, College of EngineeringUniversity of FloridaGainesville, FL 32611
| | - Evelyn Bracho‐Sanchez
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, College of EngineeringUniversity of FloridaGainesville, FL 32611
| | - Lawrence P. Fernando
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, College of EngineeringUniversity of FloridaGainesville, FL 32611
| | - Jamal S. Lewis
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, College of EngineeringUniversity of FloridaGainesville, FL 32611
- Dept. of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaDavis, CA 95616
| | - Matthew R. Carstens
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, College of EngineeringUniversity of FloridaGainesville, FL 32611
| | - Craig L. Duvall
- Dept. of Biomedical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashville, TN 37235
| | - Benjamin G. Keselowsky
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, College of EngineeringUniversity of FloridaGainesville, FL 32611
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15
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Amyloid-like aggregates formation by bovine apo-carbonic anhydrase in various alcohols: A comparative study. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 92:573-580. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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16
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Kalapothakis JMD, Morris RJ, Szavits-Nossan J, Eden K, Covill S, Tabor S, Gillam J, Barran PE, Allen RJ, MacPhee CE. A kinetic study of ovalbumin fibril formation: the importance of fragmentation and end-joining. Biophys J 2015; 108:2300-11. [PMID: 25954887 PMCID: PMC4423071 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to control the morphologies of biomolecular aggregates is a central objective in the study of self-assembly processes. The development of predictive models offers the surest route for gaining such control. Under the right conditions, proteins will self-assemble into fibers that may rearrange themselves even further to form diverse structures, including the formation of closed loops. In this study, chicken egg white ovalbumin is used as a model for the study of fibril loops. By monitoring the kinetics of self-assembly, we demonstrate that loop formation is a consequence of end-to-end association between protein fibrils. A model of fibril formation kinetics, including end-joining, is developed and solved, showing that end-joining has a distinct effect on the growth of fibrillar mass density (which can be measured experimentally), establishing a link between self-assembly kinetics and the underlying growth mechanism. These results will enable experimentalists to infer fibrillar morphologies from an appropriate analysis of self-assembly kinetic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M D Kalapothakis
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ryan J Morris
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Kym Eden
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sam Covill
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sean Tabor
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jay Gillam
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Perdita E Barran
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rosalind J Allen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cait E MacPhee
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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17
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Barnett GV, Razinkov VI, Kerwin BA, Laue TM, Woodka AH, Butler PD, Perevozchikova T, Roberts CJ. Specific-Ion Effects on the Aggregation Mechanisms and Protein–Protein Interactions for Anti-streptavidin Immunoglobulin Gamma-1. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:5793-804. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b01881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory V. Barnett
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | | | - Bruce A. Kerwin
- Drug
Product Development, Amgen Inc., Seattle, Washington 98119, United States
| | - Thomas M. Laue
- Department
of Molecular, Cellular, and Medical Biosciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
| | - Andrea H. Woodka
- National Institutes of Standards and Technology Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Paul D. Butler
- National Institutes of Standards and Technology Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Tatiana Perevozchikova
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Christopher J. Roberts
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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18
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Linoleic acid binding properties of ovalbumin nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 128:219-226. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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19
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Nyemb K, Guérin-Dubiard C, Dupont D, Jardin J, Rutherfurd SM, Nau F. The extent of ovalbumin in vitro digestion and the nature of generated peptides are modulated by the morphology of protein aggregates. Food Chem 2014; 157:429-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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20
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Dave AC, Loveday SM, Anema SG, Jameson GB, Singh H. Glycation as a Tool To Probe the Mechanism of β-Lactoglobulin Nanofibril Self-Assembly. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:3269-3278. [PMID: 24620751 DOI: 10.1021/jf405441g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study we investigated the effects of different levels of glucosylation and lactosylation on β-Lg self-assembly into nanofibrils at 80 °C and pH 2. Fibrils in heated samples were detected with the thioflavin T assay and transmission electron microscopy, while SDS-PAGE was used to investigate the composition of the heated solutions and fibrils. Glycation had different effects in the nucleation and growth phases. The effect of glycation on the nucleation phase depended on the degree of glycation but not the sugar type, whereas both the type of sugar and the degree of glycation affected the rate of fibril growth. Glycation by either sugar strongly inhibited self-assembly in the growth phase, and lactosylation produced a much stronger effect than glucosylation. We suggest that the varying glycation susceptibility of different lysine residues can explain these observations. The large, polar sugar residues on the glycated fibrillogenic peptides may inhibit fibril assembly by imposing steric restrictions and disrupting hydrophobic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Skelte G Anema
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre, Dairy Farm Road, Private Bag 11029, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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21
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Molecular Assembly of Thyroglobulin Induced by In Vitro Nitric Oxide Treatments: Implication Its Role in Thyroid Cells. Protein J 2013; 32:619-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s10930-013-9524-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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22
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Kawachi Y, Kameyama R, Handa A, Takahashi N, Tanaka N. Role of the N-terminal amphiphilic region of ovalbumin during heat-induced aggregation and gelation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:8668-8675. [PMID: 23909792 DOI: 10.1021/jf402456v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ovalbumin (OVA), a major globular protein in egg white, forms semiflexible fibrillar aggregates during heat-induced gelation. The N-terminal amphiphilic region (pN1-22) of OVA is removed after treatment with pepsin at pH 4 to leave a large OVA fragment (pOVA). The conformation and thermal stability of pOVA and OVA are similar, but the rheological strength of the heat-induced gel of pOVA is much lower compared to that of OVA. The aggregation rate of pOVA, which forms spherical aggregates, was lower than that of OVA. These results suggest that the N-terminal amphiphilic region of OVA facilitates the α-to-β conformational transition, which triggers OVA fibril formation. Heat treatment of OVA in the presence of pN1-22 consistently resulted in the formation of straight fibrils. The strength of OVA and collagen gels was increased when prepared in the presence of pN1-22, suggesting that pN1-22 may be used to control the properties of protein gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kawachi
- Department of Bio-molecular Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology , Matsugasaki, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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23
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Lara C, Gourdin-Bertin S, Adamcik J, Bolisetty S, Mezzenga R. Self-Assembly of Ovalbumin into Amyloid and Non-Amyloid Fibrils. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:4213-21. [DOI: 10.1021/bm301481v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cecile Lara
- Food and Soft Material
Science, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO E 23,
8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Gourdin-Bertin
- Food and Soft Material
Science, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO E 23,
8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jozef Adamcik
- Food and Soft Material
Science, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO E 23,
8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sreenath Bolisetty
- Food and Soft Material
Science, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO E 23,
8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- Food and Soft Material
Science, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO E 23,
8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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24
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Lassé M, Gerrard JA, Pearce FG. Aggregation and fibrillogenesis of proteins not associated with disease: a few case studies. Subcell Biochem 2012; 65:253-270. [PMID: 23225007 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5416-4_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
While amyloid structures have been well characterised in a medical context, there is increasing interest in studying amyloid-like aggregates in other areas, such as food science and nanomaterials. Several proteins relevant to food processing, including serum albumen, lactoglobulin, lysozyme, ovalbumin, casein, and soy protein isolate have been shown to form fibrillar structures under both physiological and non-physiological conditions. These structures are likely to contribute to the structural characteristics of the final food product. In a biotechnological context, proteins such as insulin and eye lens crystallins can be induced to form amyloid structures which can subsequently be used in biotechnology. One example of this is the use of amyloid fibrils as a scaffold for the immobilisation of enzymes. Another current interest in amyloid fibrils is as a storage form for peptide hormones, including insulin, glucagon and calcitonin. Here, we give an overview of a selection of well characterised proteins that have been studied outside the context of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Lassé
- Biomolecular Interaction Center and School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, 8020, Christchurch, New Zealand,
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25
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How to tailor heat-induced whey protein/κ-casein complexes as a means to investigate the acid gelation of milk—a review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13594-011-0013-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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26
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Tanaka N, Morimoto Y, Noguchi Y, Tada T, Waku T, Kunugi S, Morii T, Lee YF, Konno T, Takahashi N. The mechanism of fibril formation of a non-inhibitory serpin ovalbumin revealed by the identification of amyloidogenic core regions. J Biol Chem 2010; 286:5884-94. [PMID: 21156792 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.176396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovalbumin (OVA), a non-inhibitory member of the serpin superfamily, forms fibrillar aggregates upon heat-induced denaturation. Recent studies suggested that OVA fibrils are generated by a mechanism similar to that of amyloid fibril formation, which is distinct from polymerization mechanisms proposed for other serpins. In this study, we provide new insights into the mechanism of OVA fibril formation through identification of amyloidogenic core regions using synthetic peptide fragments, site-directed mutagenesis, and limited proteolysis. OVA possesses a single disulfide bond between Cys(73) and Cys(120) in the N-terminal helical region of the protein. Heat treatment of disulfide-reduced OVA resulted in the formation of long straight fibrils that are distinct from the semiflexible fibrils formed from OVA with an intact disulfide. Computer predictions suggest that helix B (hB) of the N-terminal region, strand 3A, and strands 4-5B are highly β-aggregation-prone regions. These predictions were confirmed by the fact that synthetic peptides corresponding to these regions formed amyloid fibrils. Site-directed mutagenesis of OVA indicated that V41A substitution in hB interfered with the formation of fibrils. Co-incubation of a soluble peptide fragment of hB with the disulfide-intact full-length OVA consistently promoted formation of long straight fibrils. In addition, the N-terminal helical region of the heat-induced fibril of OVA was protected from limited proteolysis. These results indicate that the heat-induced fibril formation of OVA occurs by a mechanism involving transformation of the N-terminal helical region of the protein to β-strands, thereby forming sequential intermolecular linkages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Tanaka
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
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