1
|
Wani WY, Zunke F, Belur NR, Mazzulli JR. The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway rescues lysosomal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease patient iPSC derived midbrain neurons. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5206. [PMID: 38897986 PMCID: PMC11186828 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Disrupted glucose metabolism and protein misfolding are key characteristics of age-related neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's disease, however their mechanistic linkage is largely unexplored. The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway utilizes glucose and uridine-5'-triphosphate to generate N-linked glycans required for protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum. Here we find that Parkinson's patient midbrain cultures accumulate glucose and uridine-5'-triphosphate, while N-glycan synthesis rates are reduced. Impaired glucose flux occurred by selective reduction of the rate-limiting enzyme, GFPT2, through disrupted signaling between the unfolded protein response and the hexosamine pathway. Failure of the unfolded protein response and reduced N-glycosylation caused immature lysosomal hydrolases to misfold and accumulate, while accelerating glucose flux through the hexosamine pathway rescued hydrolase function and reduced pathological α-synuclein. Our data indicate that the hexosamine pathway integrates glucose metabolism with lysosomal activity, and its failure in Parkinson's disease occurs by uncoupling of the unfolded protein response-hexosamine pathway axis. These findings offer new methods to restore proteostasis by hexosamine pathway enhancement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Willayat Y Wani
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Friederike Zunke
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nandkishore R Belur
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Joseph R Mazzulli
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu X, Cai YD, Chiu JC. Regulation of protein O-GlcNAcylation by circadian, metabolic, and cellular signals. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105616. [PMID: 38159854 PMCID: PMC10810748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation) is a dynamic post-translational modification that regulates thousands of proteins and almost all cellular processes. Aberrant O-GlcNAcylation has been associated with numerous diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes. O-GlcNAcylation is highly nutrient-sensitive since it is dependent on UDP-GlcNAc, the end product of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). We previously observed daily rhythmicity of protein O-GlcNAcylation in a Drosophila model that is sensitive to the timing of food consumption. We showed that the circadian clock is pivotal in regulating daily O-GlcNAcylation rhythms given its control of the feeding-fasting cycle and hence nutrient availability. Interestingly, we reported that the circadian clock also modulates daily O-GlcNAcylation rhythm by regulating molecular mechanisms beyond the regulation of food consumption time. A large body of work now indicates that O-GlcNAcylation is likely a generalized cellular status effector as it responds to various cellular signals and conditions, such as ER stress, apoptosis, and infection. In this review, we summarize the metabolic regulation of protein O-GlcNAcylation through nutrient availability, HBP enzymes, and O-GlcNAc processing enzymes. We discuss the emerging roles of circadian clocks in regulating daily O-GlcNAcylation rhythm. Finally, we provide an overview of other cellular signals or conditions that impact O-GlcNAcylation. Many of these cellular pathways are themselves regulated by the clock and/or metabolism. Our review highlights the importance of maintaining optimal O-GlcNAc rhythm by restricting eating activity to the active period under physiological conditions and provides insights into potential therapeutic targets of O-GlcNAc homeostasis under pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianhui Liu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Yao D Cai
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Joanna C Chiu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim D, Min D, Kim J, Kim MJ, Seo Y, Jung BH, Kwon SH, Ro H, Lee S, Sa JK, Lee JY. Nutlin-3a induces KRAS mutant/p53 wild type lung cancer specific methuosis-like cell death that is dependent on GFPT2. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:338. [PMID: 38093368 PMCID: PMC10720203 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02922-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oncogenic KRAS mutation, the most frequent mutation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is an aggressiveness risk factor and leads to the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells by promoting glucose, glutamine, and fatty acid absorption and glycolysis. Lately, sotorasib was approved by the FDA as a first-in-class KRAS-G12C inhibitor. However, sotorasib still has a derivative barrier, which is not effective for other KRAS mutation types, except for G12C. Additionally, resistance to sotorasib is likely to develop, demanding the need for alternative therapeutic strategies. METHODS KRAS mutant, and wildtype NSCLC cells were used in vitro cell analyses. Cell viability, proliferation, and death were measured by MTT, cell counting, colony analyses, and annexin V staining for FACS. Cell tracker dyes were used to investigate cell morphology, which was examined by holotomograpy, and confocal microscopes. RNA sequencing was performed to identify key target molecule or pathway, which was confirmed by qRT-PCR, western blotting, and metabolite analyses by UHPLC-MS/MS. Zebrafish and mouse xenograft model were used for in vivo analysis. RESULTS In this study, we found that nutlin-3a, an MDM2 antagonist, inhibited the KRAS-PI3K/Akt-mTOR pathway and disrupted the fusion of both autophagosomes and macropinosomes with lysosomes. This further elucidated non-apoptotic and catastrophic macropinocytosis associated methuosis-like cell death, which was found to be dependent on GFPT2 of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, specifically in KRAS mutant /p53 wild type NSCLC cells. CONCLUSION These results indicate the potential of nutlin-3a as an alternative agent for treating KRAS mutant/p53 wild type NSCLC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dasom Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dongwha Min
- Department of Pathology, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joohee Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yerim Seo
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Instiute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Korea
| | - Byung Hwa Jung
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Instiute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hae Kwon
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunju Ro
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Seoee Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Jason K Sa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Lee
- Department of Pathology, Korea University College of Medicine, 73, Goryeodae-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ng D, Pawling J, Dennis JW. Gene purging and the evolution of Neoave metabolism and longevity. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105409. [PMID: 37918802 PMCID: PMC10722388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of the proteasome requires oxidative phosphorylation (ATP) and mitigation of oxidative damage, in an increasingly dysfunctional relationship with aging. SLC3A2 plays a role on both sides of this dichotomy as an adaptor to SLC7A5, a transporter of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA: Leu, Ile, Val), and to SLC7A11, a cystine importer supplying cysteine to the synthesis of the antioxidant glutathione. Endurance in mammalian muscle depends in part on oxidation of BCAA; however, elevated serum levels are associated with insulin resistance and shortened lifespans. Intriguingly, the evolution of modern birds (Neoaves) has entailed the purging of genes including SLC3A2, SLC7A5, -7, -8, -10, and SLC1A4, -5, largely removing BCAA exchangers and their interacting Na+/Gln symporters in pursuit of improved energetics. Additional gene purging included mitochondrial BCAA aminotransferase (BCAT2), pointing to reduced oxidation of BCAA and increased hepatic conversion to triglycerides and glucose. Fat deposits are anhydrous and highly reduced, maximizing the fuel/weight ratio for prolonged flight, but fat accumulation in muscle cells of aging humans contributes to inflammation and senescence. Duplications of the bidirectional α-ketoacid transporters SLC16A3, SLC16A7, the cystine transporters SLC7A9, SLC7A11, and N-glycan branching enzymes MGAT4B, MGAT4C in Neoaves suggests a shift to the transport of deaminated essential amino acid, and stronger mitigation of oxidative stress supported by the galectin lattice. We suggest that Alfred Lotka's theory of natural selection as a maximum power organizer (PNAS 8:151,1922) made an unusually large contribution to Neoave evolution. Further molecular analysis of Neoaves may reveal novel rewiring with applications for human health and longevity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deanna Ng
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Judy Pawling
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James W Dennis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang C, Shafaq-Zadah M, Pawling J, Hesketh GG, Dransart E, Pacholczyk K, Longo J, Gingras AC, Penn LZ, Johannes L, Dennis JW. SLC3A2 N-glycosylation and Golgi remodeling regulate SLC7A amino acid exchangers and stress mitigation. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105416. [PMID: 37918808 PMCID: PMC10698284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteostasis requires oxidative metabolism (ATP) and mitigation of the associated damage by glutathione, in an increasingly dysfunctional relationship with aging. SLC3A2 (4F2hc, CD98) plays a role as a disulfide-linked adaptor to the SLC7A5 and SLC7A11 exchangers which import essential amino acids and cystine while exporting Gln and Glu, respectively. The positions of N-glycosylation sites on SLC3A2 have evolved with the emergence of primates, presumably in synchrony with metabolism. Herein, we report that each of the four sites in SLC3A2 has distinct profiles of Golgi-modified N-glycans. N-glycans at the primate-derived site N381 stabilized SLC3A2 in the galectin-3 lattice against coated-pit endocytosis, while N365, the site nearest the membrane promoted glycolipid-galectin-3 (GL-Lect)-driven endocytosis. Our results indicate that surface retention and endocytosis are precisely balanced by the number, position, and remodeling of N-glycans on SLC3A2. Furthermore, proteomics and functional assays revealed an N-glycan-dependent clustering of the SLC3A2∗SLC7A5 heterodimer with amino-acid/Na+ symporters (SLC1A4, SLC1A5) that balances branched-chain amino acids and Gln levels, at the expense of ATP to maintain the Na+/K+ gradient. In replete conditions, SLC3A2 interactions require Golgi-modified N-glycans at N365D and N381D, whereas reducing N-glycosylation in the endoplasmic reticulum by fluvastatin treatment promoted the recruitment of CD44 and transporters needed to mitigate stress. Thus, SLC3A2 N-glycosylation and Golgi remodeling of the N-glycans have distinct roles in amino acids import for growth, maintenance, and metabolic stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cunjie Zhang
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Ontario, Canada
| | - Massiullah Shafaq-Zadah
- Cellular and Chemical Biology Unit, Institut Curie, INSERM U1143, CNRS UMR3666, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Judy Pawling
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Ontario, Canada
| | - Geoffrey G Hesketh
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Ontario, Canada
| | - Estelle Dransart
- Cellular and Chemical Biology Unit, Institut Curie, INSERM U1143, CNRS UMR3666, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Karina Pacholczyk
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Ontario, Canada
| | - Joseph Longo
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Linda Z Penn
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ludger Johannes
- Cellular and Chemical Biology Unit, Institut Curie, INSERM U1143, CNRS UMR3666, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - James W Dennis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Scheper AF, Schofield J, Bohara R, Ritter T, Pandit A. Understanding glycosylation: Regulation through the metabolic flux of precursor pathways. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 67:108184. [PMID: 37290585 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is how proteins and lipids are modified with complex carbohydrates known as glycans. The post-translational modification of proteins with glycans is not a template-driven process in the same way as genetic transcription or protein translation. Glycosylation is instead dynamically regulated by metabolic flux. This metabolic flux is determined by the concentrations and activities of the glycotransferase enzymes, which synthesise glycans, the metabolites that act as their precursors and transporter proteins. This review provides an overview of the metabolic pathways underlying glycan synthesis. Pathological dysregulation of glycosylation, particularly increased glycosylation occurring during inflammation, is also elucidated. The resulting inflammatory hyperglycosylation acts as a glycosignature of disease, and we report on the changes in the metabolic pathways which feed into glycan synthesis, revealing alterations to key enzymes. Finally, we examine studies in developing metabolic inhibitors targeting these critical enzymes. These results provide the tools for researchers investigating the role of glycan metabolism in inflammation and have helped to identify promising glycotherapeutic approaches to inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aert F Scheper
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Jack Schofield
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Raghvendra Bohara
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Thomas Ritter
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Ireland; School of Medicine, University of Galway, Ireland; Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wawrzkiewicz-Jałowiecka A, Lalik A, Lukasiak A, Richter-Laskowska M, Trybek P, Ejfler M, Opałka M, Wardejn S, Delfino DV. Potassium Channels, Glucose Metabolism and Glycosylation in Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097942. [PMID: 37175655 PMCID: PMC10178682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Potassium channels emerge as one of the crucial groups of proteins that shape the biology of cancer cells. Their involvement in processes like cell growth, migration, or electric signaling, seems obvious. However, the relationship between the function of K+ channels, glucose metabolism, and cancer glycome appears much more intriguing. Among the typical hallmarks of cancer, one can mention the switch to aerobic glycolysis as the most favorable mechanism for glucose metabolism and glycome alterations. This review outlines the interconnections between the expression and activity of potassium channels, carbohydrate metabolism, and altered glycosylation in cancer cells, which have not been broadly discussed in the literature hitherto. Moreover, we propose the potential mediators for the described relations (e.g., enzymes, microRNAs) and the novel promising directions (e.g., glycans-orinented drugs) for further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Wawrzkiewicz-Jałowiecka
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna Lalik
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Lukasiak
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Richter-Laskowska
- The Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Łukasiewicz Research Network-Krakow Institute of Technology, 30-418 Krakow, Poland
| | - Paulina Trybek
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
| | - Maciej Ejfler
- Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Maciej Opałka
- Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Sonia Wardejn
- Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Domenico V Delfino
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu X, Chiu JC. Nutrient-sensitive protein O-GlcNAcylation shapes daily biological rhythms. Open Biol 2022; 12:220215. [PMID: 36099933 PMCID: PMC9470261 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
O-linked-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) is a nutrient-sensitive protein modification that alters the structure and function of a wide range of proteins involved in diverse cellular processes. Similar to phosphorylation, another protein modification that targets serine and threonine residues, O-GlcNAcylation occupancy on cellular proteins exhibits daily rhythmicity and has been shown to play critical roles in regulating daily rhythms in biology by modifying circadian clock proteins and downstream effectors. We recently reported that daily rhythm in global O-GlcNAcylation observed in Drosophila tissues is regulated via the integration of circadian and metabolic signals. Significantly, mistimed feeding, which disrupts coordination of these signals, is sufficient to dampen daily O-GlcNAcylation rhythm and is predicted to negatively impact animal biological rhythms and health span. In this review, we provide an overview of published and potential mechanisms by which metabolic and circadian signals regulate hexosamine biosynthetic pathway metabolites and enzymes, as well as O-GlcNAc processing enzymes to shape daily O-GlcNAcylation rhythms. We also discuss the significance of functional interactions between O-GlcNAcylation and other post-translational modifications in regulating biological rhythms. Finally, we highlight organ/tissue-specific cellular processes and molecular pathways that could be modulated by rhythmic O-GlcNAcylation to regulate time-of-day-specific biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianhui Liu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Joanna C. Chiu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dragic H, Barthelaix A, Duret C, Le Goupil S, Laprade H, Martin S, Brugière S, Couté Y, Machon C, Guitton J, Rudewicz J, Hofman P, Lebecque S, Chaveroux C, Ferraro-Peyret C, Renno T, Manié SN. The hexosamine pathway and coat complex II promote malignant adaptation to nutrient scarcity. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/7/e202101334. [PMID: 35396334 PMCID: PMC9008580 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We present adaptive mechanisms of resistance of lung adenocarcinoma to their harsh microenvironment, which typically contains a lower glucose concentration compared with normal tissue. The glucose-requiring hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), which produces UDP-N-acetylglucosamine for glycosylation reactions, promotes lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression. However, lung tumor cells often reside in low-nutrient microenvironments, and whether the HBP is involved in the adaptation of LUAD to nutrient stress is unknown. Here, we show that the HBP and the coat complex II (COPII) play a key role in cell survival during glucose shortage. HBP up-regulation withstood low glucose-induced production of proteins bearing truncated N-glycans, in the endoplasmic reticulum. This function for the HBP, alongside COPII up-regulation, rescued cell surface expression of a subset of glycoproteins. Those included the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), allowing an EGFR-dependent cell survival under low glucose in anchorage-independent growth. Accordingly, high expression of the HBP rate-limiting enzyme GFAT1 was associated with wild-type EGFR activation in LUAD patient samples. Notably, HBP and COPII up-regulation distinguished LUAD from the lung squamous-cell carcinoma subtype, thus uncovering adaptive mechanisms of LUAD to their harsh microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Dragic
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Audrey Barthelaix
- Institute for Regenerative Medecine and Biotherapy (IRBM), Université de Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Cédric Duret
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Simon Le Goupil
- Inserm U1242, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Hadrien Laprade
- Inserm U1242, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Sophie Martin
- Inserm U1242, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Sabine Brugière
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) BioSanté U1292, CNRS, CEA, FR2048, Grenoble, France
| | - Yohann Couté
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) BioSanté U1292, CNRS, CEA, FR2048, Grenoble, France
| | - Christelle Machon
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,U Hospices Civils of Lyon, Biochemistry and Pharmaco-toxicology Laboratory, Lyon Sud Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Jerome Guitton
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,U Hospices Civils of Lyon, Biochemistry and Pharmaco-toxicology Laboratory, Lyon Sud Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Justine Rudewicz
- Bordeaux Bioinformatics Center, CBiB, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Paul Hofman
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Federation Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OncoAge and BB-0033-00025, Nice University Hospital, IRCAN Antoine Lacassagne Center, Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
| | - Serge Lebecque
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Cedric Chaveroux
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Carole Ferraro-Peyret
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Biopathology of Tumours, GHE Hospital, Bron, France
| | - Toufic Renno
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Serge N Manié
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France .,Inserm U1242, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mkhikian H, Hayama KL, Khachikyan K, Li C, Zhou RW, Pawling J, Klaus S, Tran PQN, Ly KM, Gong AD, Saryan H, Hai JL, Grigoryan D, Lee PL, Newton BL, Raffatellu M, Dennis JW, Demetriou M. Age-associated impairment of T cell immunity is linked to sex-dimorphic elevation of N-glycan branching. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:231-242. [PMID: 35528547 PMCID: PMC9075523 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00187-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Impaired T cell immunity with aging increases mortality from infectious disease. The branching of Asparagine-linked glycans is a critical negative regulator of T cell immunity. Here we show that branching increases with age in females more than males, in naïve more than memory T cells, and in CD4+ more than CD8+ T cells. Female sex hormones and thymic output of naïve T cells (TN) decrease with age, however neither thymectomy nor ovariectomy altered branching. Interleukin-7 (IL-7) signaling was increased in old female more than male mouse TN cells, and triggered increased branching. N-acetylglucosamine, a rate-limiting metabolite for branching, increased with age in humans and synergized with IL-7 to raise branching. Reversing elevated branching rejuvenated T cell function and reduced severity of Salmonella infection in old female mice. These data suggest sex-dimorphic antagonistic pleiotropy, where IL-7 initially benefits immunity through TN maintenance but inhibits TN function by raising branching synergistically with age-dependent increases in N-acetylglucosamine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haik Mkhikian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ken L Hayama
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Khachik Khachikyan
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Carey Li
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Raymond W Zhou
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Judy Pawling
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suzi Klaus
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Phuong Q N Tran
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kim M Ly
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Andrew D Gong
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Hayk Saryan
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jasper L Hai
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - David Grigoryan
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Philip L Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Barbara L Newton
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Manuela Raffatellu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy, and Vaccines, Chiba University-UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - James W Dennis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Demetriou
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Singh A, Erwin-Grabner T, Goya-Maldonado R, Antal A. Transcranial Magnetic and Direct Current Stimulation in the Treatment of Depression: Basic Mechanisms and Challenges of Two Commonly Used Brain Stimulation Methods in Interventional Psychiatry. Neuropsychobiology 2021; 79:397-407. [PMID: 31487716 DOI: 10.1159/000502149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Noninvasive neuromodulation, including repetitive trans-cranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and direct current stimulation (tDCS), provides researchers and health care professionals with the ability to gain unique insights into brain functions and treat several neurological and psychiatric conditions. Undeniably, the number of published research and clinical papers on this topic is increasing exponentially. In parallel, several methodological and scientific caveats have emerged in the transcranial stimulation field; these include less robust and reliable effects as well as contradictory clinical findings. These inconsistencies are maybe due to the fact that research exploring the relationship between the methodological aspects and clinical efficacy of rTMS and tDCS is far from conclusive. Hence, additional work is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying the effects of magnetic stimulation and low-intensity transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) in order to optimize dosing, methodological designs, and safety aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Singh
- Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience and Imaging in Psychiatry (SNIP-Lab), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tracy Erwin-Grabner
- Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience and Imaging in Psychiatry (SNIP-Lab), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Roberto Goya-Maldonado
- Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience and Imaging in Psychiatry (SNIP-Lab), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Antal
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, .,Institute for Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Otto-v.-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Brandt AU, Sy M, Bellmann-Strobl J, Newton BL, Pawling J, Zimmermann HG, Yu Z, Chien C, Dörr J, Wuerfel JT, Dennis JW, Paul F, Demetriou M. Association of a Marker of N-Acetylglucosamine With Progressive Multiple Sclerosis and Neurodegeneration. JAMA Neurol 2021; 78:842-852. [PMID: 33970182 PMCID: PMC8111565 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.1116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Question Is the serum concentration of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) altered in patients with multiple sclerosis? Findings This cross-sectional study found that patients with a progressive multiple sclerosis subtype and more severe disease have reduced serum levels of a marker of GlcNAc. In addition, GlcNAc is a rate-limiting substrate for N-glycan branching, which has been shown to regulate immunoactivity and myelination. Meaning This study suggests that GlcNAc and N-glycan branching are associated with multiple sclerosis in general and progressive multiple sclerosis in particular. Importance N-glycan branching modulates cell surface receptor availability, and its deficiency in mice promotes inflammatory demyelination, reduced myelination, and neurodegeneration. N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) is a rate-limiting substrate for N-glycan branching, but, to our knowledge, endogenous serum levels in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are unknown. Objective To investigate a marker of endogenous serum GlcNAc levels in patients with MS. Design, Setting, and Participants A cross-sectional discovery study and cross-sectional confirmatory study were conducted at 2 academic MS centers in the US and Germany. The discovery study recruited 54 patients with MS from an outpatient clinic as well as 66 healthy controls between April 20, 2010, and June 21, 2013. The confirmatory study recruited 180 patients with MS from screening visits at an academic MS study center between April 9, 2007, and February 29, 2016. Serum samples were analyzed from December 2, 2013, to March 2, 2015. Statistical analysis was performed from February 23, 2020, to March 18, 2021. Main Outcomes and Measures Serum levels of GlcNAc plus its stereoisomers, termed N-acetylhexosamine (HexNAc), were assessed using targeted tandem mass spectroscopy. Secondary outcomes (confirmatory study) comprised imaging and clinical disease markers. Results The discovery cohort included 66 healthy controls (38 women; mean [SD] age, 42 [20] years), 33 patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS; 25 women; mean [SD] age, 50 [11] years), and 21 patients with progressive MS (PMS; 14 women; mean [SD] age, 55 [7] years). The confirmatory cohort included 125 patients with RRMS (83 women; mean [SD] age, 40 [9] years) and 55 patients with PMS (22 women; mean [SD] age, 49 [80] years). In the discovery cohort, the mean (SD) serum level of GlcNAc plus its stereoisomers (HexNAc) was 710 (174) nM in healthy controls and marginally reduced in patients with RRMS (mean [SD] level, 682 [173] nM; P = .04), whereas patients with PMS displayed markedly reduced levels compared with healthy controls (mean [SD] level, 548 [101] nM; P = 9.55 × 10−9) and patients with RRMS (P = 1.83 × 10−4). The difference between patients with RRMS (mean [SD] level, 709 [193] nM) and those with PMS (mean [SD] level, 405 [161] nM; P = 7.6 × 10−18) was confirmed in the independent confirmatory cohort. Lower HexNAc serum levels correlated with worse expanded disability status scale scores (ρ = –0.485; P = 4.73 × 10−12), lower thalamic volume (t = 1.7; P = .04), and thinner retinal nerve fiber layer (B = 0.012 [SE = 7.5 × 10−11]; P = .008). Low baseline serum HexNAc levels correlated with a greater percentage of brain volume loss at 18 months (t = 1.8; P = .04). Conclusions and Relevance This study suggests that deficiency of GlcNAc plus its stereoisomers (HexNAc) may be a biomarker for PMS. Previous preclinical, human genetic, and ex vivo human mechanistic studies revealed that N-glycan branching and/or GlcNAc may reduce proinflammatory responses, promote myelin repair, and decrease neurodegeneration. Combined, the data suggest that GlcNAc deficiency may be associated with progressive disease and neurodegeneration in patients with MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander U Brandt
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine.,NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Sy
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine
| | - Judith Bellmann-Strobl
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Barbara L Newton
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine
| | - Judy Pawling
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hanna G Zimmermann
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zhaoxia Yu
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine
| | - Claudia Chien
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Dörr
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Th Wuerfel
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Medical Image Analysis Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - James W Dennis
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Demetriou
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sy M, Brandt AU, Lee SU, Newton BL, Pawling J, Golzar A, Rahman AMA, Yu Z, Cooper G, Scheel M, Paul F, Dennis JW, Demetriou M. N-acetylglucosamine drives myelination by triggering oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation. J Biol Chem 2021; 295:17413-17424. [PMID: 33453988 PMCID: PMC7762951 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelination plays an important role in cognitive development and in demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS), where failure of remyelination promotes permanent neuro-axonal damage. Modification of cell surface receptors with branched N-glycans coordinates cell growth and differentiation by controlling glycoprotein clustering, signaling, and endocytosis. GlcNAc is a rate-limiting metabolite for N-glycan branching. Here we report that GlcNAc and N-glycan branching trigger oligodendrogenesis from precursor cells by inhibiting platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α cell endocytosis. Supplying oral GlcNAc to lactating mice drives primary myelination in newborn pups via secretion in breast milk, whereas genetically blocking N-glycan branching markedly inhibits primary myelination. In adult mice with toxin (cuprizone)-induced demyelination, oral GlcNAc prevents neuro-axonal damage by driving myelin repair. In MS patients, endogenous serum GlcNAc levels inversely correlated with imaging measures of demyelination and microstructural damage. Our data identify N-glycan branching and GlcNAc as critical regulators of primary myelination and myelin repair and suggest that oral GlcNAc may be neuroprotective in demyelinating diseases like MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sy
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Alexander U Brandt
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sung-Uk Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Barbara L Newton
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Judy Pawling
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Autreen Golzar
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Anas M A Rahman
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Zhaoxia Yu
- Department of Statistics, Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Graham Cooper
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Neurology and Center for Stroke Research, Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Scheel
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Neurology and Center for Stroke Research, Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - James W Dennis
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael Demetriou
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
O-GlcNAcylation and O-GlcNAc Cycling Regulate Gene Transcription: Emerging Roles in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071666. [PMID: 33916244 PMCID: PMC8037238 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a post-translational modification (PTM) linking nutrient flux through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) to gene transcription. Mounting experimental and clinical data implicates aberrant O-GlcNAcylation in the development and progression of cancer. Herein, we discuss how alteration of O-GlcNAc-regulated transcriptional mechanisms leads to atypical gene expression in cancer. We discuss the challenges associated with studying O-GlcNAc function and present several new approaches for studies of O-GlcNAc-regulated transcription. Abstract O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a single sugar post-translational modification (PTM) of intracellular proteins linking nutrient flux through the Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway (HBP) to the control of cis-regulatory elements in the genome. Aberrant O-GlcNAcylation is associated with the development, progression, and alterations in gene expression in cancer. O-GlcNAc cycling is defined as the addition and subsequent removal of the modification by O-GlcNAc Transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA) provides a novel method for cells to regulate various aspects of gene expression, including RNA polymerase function, epigenetic dynamics, and transcription factor activity. We will focus on the complex relationship between phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation in the regulation of the RNA Polymerase II (RNAP II) pre-initiation complex and the regulation of the carboxyl-terminal domain of RNAP II via the synchronous actions of OGT, OGA, and kinases. Additionally, we discuss how O-GlcNAcylation of TATA-box binding protein (TBP) alters cellular metabolism. Next, in a non-exhaustive manner, we will discuss the current literature on how O-GlcNAcylation drives gene transcription in cancer through changes in transcription factor or chromatin remodeling complex functions. We conclude with a discussion of the challenges associated with studying O-GlcNAcylation and present several new approaches for studying O-GlcNAc regulated transcription that will advance our understanding of the role of O-GlcNAc in cancer.
Collapse
|
15
|
Ma J, Wu C, Hart GW. Analytical and Biochemical Perspectives of Protein O-GlcNAcylation. Chem Rev 2021; 121:1513-1581. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Ma
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Ci Wu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Gerald W. Hart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang X, Lin Y, Liu S, Zhu Y, Lu K, Broering R, Lu M. O-GlcNAcylation modulates HBV replication through regulating cellular autophagy at multiple levels. FASEB J 2020; 34:14473-14489. [PMID: 32892442 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001168rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a form of posttranslational modification, and serves various functions, including modulation of location, stability, and activity for the modified proteins. O-linked-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) is an essential cellular enzyme that posttranslationally modifies the cellular proteins with O-GlcNAc moiety. Early studies reported that the decreased O-GlcNAcylation regulates cellular autophagy, a process relevant for hepatitis B virus replication (HBV) and assembly. Therefore, we addressed the question how O-GlcNAcylation regulates cellular autophagy and HBV replication. Inhibition of OGT activity with a small molecule inhibitor OSMI-1 or silencing OGT significantly enhanced HBV replication and HBsAg production in hepatoma cells and primary human hepatocytes (PHHs). Western blotting analysis showed that inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and cellular autophagy, two processes subsequently leading to enhanced HBV replication. Importantly, the numbers of autophagosomes and the levels of autophagic markers LC3-II and SQSTM1/p62 in hepatoma cells were elevated after inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation. Further analysis revealed that inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation blocked autophagosome-lysosome fusion and thereby prevented autophagic degradation of HBV virions and proteins. Moreover, OSMI-1 further promoted HBV replication by inducing autophagosome formation via inhibiting the O-GlcNAcylation of Akt and mTOR. In conclusion, decreased O-GlcNAcylation enhanced HBV replication through increasing autophagosome formation at multiple levels, including triggering ER-stress, Akt/mTOR inhibition, and blockade of autophagosome-lysosome fusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Wang
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Yong Lin
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases (Chinese Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shi Liu
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kefeng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruth Broering
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Mengji Lu
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Aregger M, Lawson KA, Billmann M, Costanzo M, Tong AHY, Chan K, Rahman M, Brown KR, Ross C, Usaj M, Nedyalkova L, Sizova O, Habsid A, Pawling J, Lin ZY, Abdouni H, Wong CJ, Weiss A, Mero P, Dennis JW, Gingras AC, Myers CL, Andrews BJ, Boone C, Moffat J. Systematic mapping of genetic interactions for de novo fatty acid synthesis identifies C12orf49 as a regulator of lipid metabolism. Nat Metab 2020; 2:499-513. [PMID: 32694731 PMCID: PMC7566881 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-0211-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The de novo synthesis of fatty acids has emerged as a therapeutic target for various diseases, including cancer. Because cancer cells are intrinsically buffered to combat metabolic stress, it is important to understand how cells may adapt to the loss of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis. Here, we use pooled genome-wide CRISPR screens to systematically map genetic interactions (GIs) in human HAP1 cells carrying a loss-of-function mutation in fatty acid synthase (FASN), whose product catalyses the formation of long-chain fatty acids. FASN-mutant cells show a strong dependence on lipid uptake that is reflected in negative GIs with genes involved in the LDL receptor pathway, vesicle trafficking and protein glycosylation. Further support for these functional relationships is derived from additional GI screens in query cell lines deficient in other genes involved in lipid metabolism, including LDLR, SREBF1, SREBF2 and ACACA. Our GI profiles also identify a potential role for the previously uncharacterized gene C12orf49 (which we call LUR1) in regulation of exogenous lipid uptake through modulation of SREBF2 signalling in response to lipid starvation. Overall, our data highlight the genetic determinants underlying the cellular adaptation associated with loss of de novo fatty acid synthesis and demonstrate the power of systematic GI mapping for uncovering metabolic buffering mechanisms in human cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Aregger
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Corresponding authors: , , ,
| | - Keith A. Lawson
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto
- Corresponding authors: , , ,
| | - Maximillian Billmann
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnestota, USA
- Corresponding authors: , , ,
| | - Michael Costanzo
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amy H. Y. Tong
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine Chan
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mahfuzur Rahman
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnestota, USA
| | - Kevin R. Brown
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine Ross
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matej Usaj
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lucy Nedyalkova
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olga Sizova
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea Habsid
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Judy Pawling
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhen-Yuan Lin
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hala Abdouni
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cassandra J. Wong
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexander Weiss
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia Mero
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James W. Dennis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chad L. Myers
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnestota, USA
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnestota, USA
- Corresponding authors: , , ,
| | - Brenda J. Andrews
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Corresponding authors: , , ,
| | - Charles Boone
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Corresponding authors: , , ,
| | - Jason Moffat
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Corresponding authors: , , ,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Correlations between the metabolic profile and 18F-FDG-Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography parameters reveal the complexity of the metabolic reprogramming within lung cancer patients. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16212. [PMID: 31700108 PMCID: PMC6838313 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52667-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that the metabolite composition of plasma may indicate the presence of lung cancer. The metabolism of cancer is characterized by an enhanced glucose uptake and glycolysis which is exploited by 18F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET) in the work-up and management of cancer. This study aims to explore relationships between 1H-NMR spectroscopy derived plasma metabolite concentrations and the uptake of labeled glucose (18F-FDG) in lung cancer tissue. PET parameters of interest are standard maximal uptake values (SUVmax), total body metabolic active tumor volumes (MATVWTB) and total body total lesion glycolysis (TLGWTB) values. Patients with high values of these parameters have higher plasma concentrations of N-acetylated glycoproteins which suggest an upregulation of the hexosamines biosynthesis. High MATVWTB and TLGWTB values are associated with higher concentrations of glucose, glycerol, N-acetylated glycoproteins, threonine, aspartate and valine and lower levels of sphingomyelins and phosphatidylcholines appearing at the surface of lipoproteins. These higher concentrations of glucose and non-carbohydrate glucose precursors such as amino acids and glycerol suggests involvement of the gluconeogenesis pathway. The lower plasma concentration of those phospholipids points to a higher need for membrane synthesis. Our results indicate that the metabolic reprogramming in cancer is more complex than the initially described Warburg effect.
Collapse
|
19
|
Ismail IT, Showalter MR, Fiehn O. Inborn Errors of Metabolism in the Era of Untargeted Metabolomics and Lipidomics. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9100242. [PMID: 31640247 PMCID: PMC6835511 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9100242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are a group of inherited diseases with variable incidences. IEMs are caused by disrupting enzyme activities in specific metabolic pathways by genetic mutations, either directly or indirectly by cofactor deficiencies, causing altered levels of compounds associated with these pathways. While IEMs may present with multiple overlapping symptoms and metabolites, early and accurate diagnosis of IEMs is critical for the long-term health of affected subjects. The prevalence of IEMs differs between countries, likely because different IEM classifications and IEM screening methods are used. Currently, newborn screening programs exclusively use targeted metabolic assays that focus on limited panels of compounds for selected IEM diseases. Such targeted approaches face the problem of false negative and false positive diagnoses that could be overcome if metabolic screening adopted analyses of a broader range of analytes. Hence, we here review the prospects of using untargeted metabolomics for IEM screening. Untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics do not rely on predefined target lists and can detect as many metabolites as possible in a sample, allowing to screen for many metabolic pathways simultaneously. Examples are given for nontargeted analyses of IEMs, and prospects and limitations of different metabolomics methods are discussed. We conclude that dedicated studies are needed to compare accuracy and robustness of targeted and untargeted methods with respect to widening the scope of IEM diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Israa T Ismail
- National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebeen El Kom 55955, Egypt.
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Megan R Showalter
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang Q, Nong Y, Liu Z, Gong L. Proteinase K Combining Two-Step Liquid–Liquid Extraction for Plasma Untargeted Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics To Discover the Potential Mechanism of Colorectal Adenoma. Anal Chem 2019; 91:14458-14466. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qisong Zhang
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanying Nong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingzhi Gong
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Geltink RIK, Kyle RL, Pearce EL. Unraveling the Complex Interplay Between T Cell Metabolism and Function. Annu Rev Immunol 2019; 36:461-488. [PMID: 29677474 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-042617-053019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 482] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism drives function, on both an organismal and a cellular level. In T cell biology, metabolic remodeling is intrinsically linked to cellular development, activation, function, differentiation, and survival. After naive T cells are activated, increased demands for metabolic currency in the form of ATP, as well as biomass for cell growth, proliferation, and the production of effector molecules, are met by rewiring cellular metabolism. Consequently, pharmacological strategies are being developed to perturb or enhance selective metabolic processes that are skewed in immune-related pathologies. Here we review the most recent advances describing the metabolic changes that occur during the T cell lifecycle. We discuss how T cell metabolism can have profound effects on health and disease and where it might be a promising target to treat a variety of pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramon I Klein Geltink
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany;
| | - Ryan L Kyle
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany;
| | - Erika L Pearce
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Akella NM, Ciraku L, Reginato MJ. Fueling the fire: emerging role of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway in cancer. BMC Biol 2019; 17:52. [PMID: 31272438 PMCID: PMC6610925 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-019-0671-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered metabolism and deregulated cellular energetics are now considered a hallmark of all cancers. Glucose, glutamine, fatty acids, and amino acids are the primary drivers of tumor growth and act as substrates for the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). The HBP culminates in the production of an amino sugar uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) that, along with other charged nucleotide sugars, serves as the basis for biosynthesis of glycoproteins and other glycoconjugates. These nutrient-driven post-translational modifications are highly altered in cancer and regulate protein functions in various cancer-associated processes. In this review, we discuss recent progress in understanding the mechanistic relationship between the HBP and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha M Akella
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Lorela Ciraku
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Mauricio J Reginato
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of substituted tetrahydroquinoline-isoxazole hybrids as anticancer agents. Med Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-019-02363-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
24
|
Jacob M, Lopata AL, Dasouki M, Abdel Rahman AM. Metabolomics toward personalized medicine. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2019; 38:221-238. [PMID: 29073341 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics, which is the metabolites profiling in biological matrices, is a key tool for biomarker discovery and personalized medicine and has great potential to elucidate the ultimate product of the genomic processes. Over the last decade, metabolomics studies have identified several relevant biomarkers involved in complex clinical phenotypes using diverse biological systems. Most diseases result in signature metabolic profiles that reflect the sums of external and internal cellular activities. Metabolomics has a major role in clinical practice as it represents >95% of the workload in clinical laboratories worldwide. Many of these metabolites require different analytical platforms, such as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Mass Spectrometry (MS), and Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC), while many clinically relevant metabolites are still not routinely amenable to detection using currently available assays. Combining metabolomics with genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics studies will result in a significantly improved understanding of the disease mechanisms and the pathophysiology of the target clinical phenotype. This comprehensive approach will represent a major step forward toward providing precision medical care, in which individual is accounted for variability in genes, environment, and personal lifestyle. In this review, we compare and evaluate the metabolomics strategies and studies that focus on the discovery of biomarkers that have "personalized" diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic value, validated for monitoring disease progression and responses to various management regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minnie Jacob
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSH-RC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Andreas L Lopata
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Majed Dasouki
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSH-RC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas M Abdel Rahman
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSH-RC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Al Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lee SU, Li CF, Mortales CL, Pawling J, Dennis JW, Grigorian A, Demetriou M. Increasing cell permeability of N-acetylglucosamine via 6-acetylation enhances capacity to suppress T-helper 1 (TH1)/TH17 responses and autoimmunity. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214253. [PMID: 30913278 PMCID: PMC6435169 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) branching of Asn (N)-linked glycans inhibits pro-inflammatory T cell responses and models of autoimmune diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Metabolism controls N-glycan branching in T cells by regulating de novo hexosamine pathway biosynthesis of UDP-GlcNAc, the donor substrate for the Golgi branching enzymes. Activated T cells switch metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis and glutaminolysis. This reduces flux of glucose and glutamine into the hexosamine pathway, thereby inhibiting de novo UDP-GlcNAc synthesis and N-glycan branching. Salvage of GlcNAc into the hexosamine pathway overcomes this metabolic suppression to restore UDP-GlcNAc synthesis and N-glycan branching, thereby promoting anti-inflammatory T regulatory (Treg) over pro-inflammatory T helper (TH) 17 and TH1 differentiation to suppress autoimmunity. However, GlcNAc activity is limited by the lack of a cell surface transporter and requires high doses to enter cells via macropinocytosis. Here we report that GlcNAc-6-acetate is a superior pro-drug form of GlcNAc. Acetylation of amino-sugars improves cell membrane permeability, with subsequent de-acetylation by cytoplasmic esterases allowing salvage into the hexosamine pathway. Per- and bi-acetylation of GlcNAc led to toxicity in T cells, whereas mono-acetylation at only the 6 > 3 position raised N-glycan branching greater than GlcNAc without inducing significant toxicity. GlcNAc-6-acetate inhibited T cell activation/proliferation, TH1/TH17 responses and disease progression in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS. Thus, GlcNAc-6-Acetate may provide an improved therapeutic approach to raise N-glycan branching, inhibit pro-inflammatory T cell responses and treat autoimmune diseases such as MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Uk Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Glixis Therapeutics, LLC, Santa Rosa, California, United States of America
| | - Carey F. Li
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Christie-Lynn Mortales
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Judy Pawling
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James W. Dennis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ani Grigorian
- Glixis Therapeutics, LLC, Santa Rosa, California, United States of America
| | - Michael Demetriou
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
de Queiroz RM, Oliveira IA, Piva B, Bouchuid Catão F, da Costa Rodrigues B, da Costa Pascoal A, Diaz BL, Todeschini AR, Caarls MB, Dias WB. Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway and Glycosylation Regulate Cell Migration in Melanoma Cells. Front Oncol 2019; 9:116. [PMID: 30891426 PMCID: PMC6411693 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway (HBP) is a branch of glycolysis responsible for the production of a key substrate for protein glycosylation, UDP-GlcNAc. Cancer cells present altered glucose metabolism and aberrant glycosylation, pointing to alterations on HBP. Recently it was demonstrated that HBP influences many aspects of tumor biology, including the development of metastasis. In this work we characterize HBP in melanoma cells and analyze its importance to cellular processes related to the metastatic phenotype. We demonstrate that an increase in HBP flux, as well as increased O-GlcNAcylation, leads to decreased cell motility and migration in melanoma cells. In addition, inhibition of N- and O-glycosylation glycosylation reduces cell migration. High HBP flux and inhibition of N-glycosylation decrease the activity of metalloproteases 2 and 9. Our data demonstrates that modulation of HBP and different types of glycosylation impact cell migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Muniz de Queiroz
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isadora Araújo Oliveira
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruno Piva
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felipe Bouchuid Catão
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Matriz Extracelular, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruno da Costa Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana da Costa Pascoal
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruno Lourenço Diaz
- Laboratório de Inflamação, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriane Regina Todeschini
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Michelle Botelho Caarls
- Laboratório de Matriz Extracelular, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wagner Barbosa Dias
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Pereira MS, Alves I, Vicente M, Campar A, Silva MC, Padrão NA, Pinto V, Fernandes Â, Dias AM, Pinho SS. Glycans as Key Checkpoints of T Cell Activity and Function. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2754. [PMID: 30538706 PMCID: PMC6277680 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system is highly controlled and fine-tuned by glycosylation, through the addition of a diversity of carbohydrates structures (glycans) to virtually all immune cell receptors. Despite a relative backlog in understanding the importance of glycans in the immune system, due to its inherent complexity, remarkable findings have been highlighting the essential contributions of glycosylation in the regulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses with important implications in the pathogenesis of major diseases such as autoimmunity and cancer. Glycans are implicated in fundamental cellular and molecular processes that regulate both stimulatory and inhibitory immune pathways. Besides being actively involved in pathogen recognition through interaction with glycan-binding proteins (such as C-type lectins), glycans have been also shown to regulate key pathophysiological steps within T cell biology such as T cell development and thymocyte selection; T cell activity and signaling as well as T cell differentiation and proliferation. These effects of glycans in T cells functions highlight their importance as determinants of either self-tolerance or T cell hyper-responsiveness which ultimately might be implicated in the creation of tolerogenic pathways in cancer or loss of immunological tolerance in autoimmunity. This review discusses how specific glycans (with a focus on N-linked glycans) act as regulators of T cell biology and their implications in disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Márcia S Pereira
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP) Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S) Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar, University of Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Alves
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP) Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S) Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty, University of Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Vicente
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP) Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S) Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar, University of Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Campar
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP) Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S) Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar, University of Porto Porto, Portugal.,Centro Hospitalar do Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana C Silva
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP) Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S) Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno A Padrão
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP) Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S) Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty, University of Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Vanda Pinto
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP) Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S) Porto, Portugal
| | - Ângela Fernandes
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP) Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S) Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana M Dias
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP) Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S) Porto, Portugal
| | - Salomé S Pinho
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP) Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S) Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty, University of Porto Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu R, Chou J, Hou S, Liu X, Yu J, Zhao X, Li Y, Liu L, Sun C. Evaluation of two-step liquid-liquid extraction protocol for untargeted metabolic profiling of serum samples to achieve broader metabolome coverage by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1035:96-107. [PMID: 30224149 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Untargeted metabolomics studies aim to extract a broad coverage of metabolites from biological samples, which largely depends on the sample preparation protocols used for metabolite extraction. The aim of this study was to evaluate a comprehensive sample pretreatment strategy using two-step liquid-liquid extraction to achieve broader metabolome coverage by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). We compared four protocols: (A) methanol protein precipitation, (B) Ostro 96-well plates, (C) two-step extraction protocol of CHCL3-MeOH followed by MeOH-H2O, and (D) two-step extraction protocol of CH2CL2-MeOH followed by MeOH-H2O. The number of extracted features, reproducibility and recovery were the major criteria for evaluation. Our results demonstrated that Protocols B, C and D, with approximately similar number of features, extracted more features than Protocol A. Protocols C and D appeared to have similar extraction reproducibility (low coefficient of variation < 30%) and Protocol D enabled an acceptable recovery of serum metabolites. The two-step extraction Protocol D (CH2CL2-MeOH followed by MeOH-H2O) resulted in the greatest improvement in metabolite coverage, satisfactory extraction reproducibility, acceptable recovery and environmental safety. The selected protocol was applied to an obesity metabolomics study to obtain different metabolites between participants with obesity and the controls, and to investigate complex metabolic alterations in obesity during a 2-h oral glucose-tolerance test. Our results suggested that this protocol was useful for analyzing serum metabolome changes in obese individuals in the fasting and postprandial state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- National Key Discipline Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jing Chou
- National Key Discipline Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Shaoying Hou
- National Key Discipline Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- National Key Discipline Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jiaying Yu
- National Key Discipline Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xinshu Zhao
- National Key Discipline Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- National Key Discipline Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Liyan Liu
- National Key Discipline Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China.
| | - Changhao Sun
- National Key Discipline Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
The Nutrient-Sensing Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway as the Hub of Cancer Metabolic Rewiring. Cells 2018; 7:cells7060053. [PMID: 29865240 PMCID: PMC6025041 DOI: 10.3390/cells7060053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in glucose and glutamine utilizing pathways and in fatty acid metabolism are currently considered the most significant and prevalent metabolic changes observed in almost all types of tumors. Glucose, glutamine and fatty acids are the substrates for the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). This metabolic pathway generates the “sensing molecule” UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc). UDP-GlcNAc is the substrate for the enzymes involved in protein N- and O-glycosylation, two important post-translational modifications (PTMs) identified in several proteins localized in the extracellular space, on the cell membrane and in the cytoplasm, nucleus and mitochondria. Since protein glycosylation controls several key aspects of cell physiology, aberrant protein glycosylation has been associated with different human diseases, including cancer. Here we review recent evidence indicating the tight association between the HBP flux and cell metabolism, with particular emphasis on the post-transcriptional and transcriptional mechanisms regulated by the HBP that may cause the metabolic rewiring observed in cancer. We describe the implications of both protein O- and N-glycosylation in cancer cell metabolism and bioenergetics; focusing our attention on the effect of these PTMs on nutrient transport and on the transcriptional regulation and function of cancer-specific metabolic pathways.
Collapse
|
30
|
Jacob M, Malkawi A, Albast N, Al Bougha S, Lopata A, Dasouki M, Abdel Rahman AM. A targeted metabolomics approach for clinical diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1025:141-153. [PMID: 29801603 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Metabolome, the ultimate functional product of the genome, can be studied through identification and quantification of small molecules. The global metabolome influences the individual phenotype through clinical and environmental interventions. Metabolomics has become an integral part of clinical research and allowed for another dimension of better understanding of disease pathophysiology and mechanism. More than 95% of the clinical biochemistry laboratory routine workload is based on small molecular identification, which can potentially be analyzed through metabolomics. However, multiple challenges in clinical metabolomics impact the entire workflow and data quality, thus the biological interpretation needs to be standardized for a reproducible outcome. Herein, we introduce the establishment of a comprehensive targeted metabolomics method for a panel of 220 clinically relevant metabolites using Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) standardized for clinical research. The sensitivity, reproducibility and molecular stability of each targeted metabolite (amino acids, organic acids, acylcarnitines, sugars, bile acids, neurotransmitters, polyamines, and hormones) were assessed under multiple experimental conditions. The metabolic tissue distribution was determined in various rat organs. Furthermore, the method was validated in dry blood spot (DBS) samples collected from patients known to have various inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs). Using this approach, our panel appears to be sensitive and robust as it demonstrated differential and unique metabolic profiles in various rat tissues. Also, as a prospective screening method, this panel of diverse metabolites has the ability to identify patients with a wide range of IEMs who otherwise may need multiple, time-consuming and expensive biochemical assays causing a delay in clinical management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minnie Jacob
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSHRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Abeer Malkawi
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSHRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nour Albast
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSHRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salam Al Bougha
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSHRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andreas Lopata
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Majed Dasouki
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSHRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas M Abdel Rahman
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSHRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
The UBR-1 ubiquitin ligase regulates glutamate metabolism to generate coordinated motor pattern in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007303. [PMID: 29649217 PMCID: PMC5931689 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
UBR1 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase best known for its ability to target protein degradation by the N-end rule. The physiological functions of UBR family proteins, however, remain not fully understood. We found that the functional loss of C. elegans UBR-1 leads to a specific motor deficit: when adult animals generate reversal movements, A-class motor neurons exhibit synchronized activation, preventing body bending. This motor deficit is rescued by removing GOT-1, a transaminase that converts aspartate to glutamate. Both UBR-1 and GOT-1 are expressed and critically required in premotor interneurons of the reversal motor circuit to regulate the motor pattern. ubr-1 and got-1 mutants exhibit elevated and decreased glutamate level, respectively. These results raise an intriguing possibility that UBR proteins regulate glutamate metabolism, which is critical for neuronal development and signaling. Ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation is central to diverse biological processes. The selection of substrates for degradation is carried out by the E3 ubiquitin ligases, which target specific groups of proteins for ubiquitination. The human genome encodes hundreds of E3 ligases; many exhibit sequence conservation across animal species, including one such ligase called UBR1. Patients carrying mutations in UBR1 exhibit severe systemic defects, but the biology behinds UBR1’s physiological function remains elusive. Here we found that the C. elegans UBR-1 regulates glutamate level. When UBR-1 is defective, C. elegans exhibits increased glutamate; this leads to synchronization of motor neuron activity, hence defective locomotion when animals reach adulthood. UBR1-mediated glutamate metabolism may contribute to the physiological defects of UBR1 mutations.
Collapse
|
32
|
Malkawi AK, Alzoubi KH, Jacob M, Matic G, Ali A, Al Faraj A, Almuhanna F, Dasouki M, Abdel Rahman AM. Metabolomics Based Profiling of Dexamethasone Side Effects in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:46. [PMID: 29503615 PMCID: PMC5820529 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dexamethasone (Dex) is a synthetic glucocorticoid that has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects and is used in several conditions such as asthma and severe allergy. Patients receiving Dex, either at a high dose or for a long time, might develop several side effects such as hyperglycemia, weight change, or osteoporosis due to its in vivo non-selectivity. Herein, we used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based comprehensive targeted metabolomic profiling as well as radiographic imaging techniques to study the side effects of Dex treatment in rats. The Dex-treated rats suffered from a ∼20% reduction in weight gain, hyperglycemia (145 mg/dL), changes in serum lipids, and reduction in total serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (∼600 IU/L). Also, compared to controls, Dex-treated rats showed a distinctive metabolomics profile. In particular, serum amino acids metabolism showed six-fold reduction in phenylalanine, lysine, and arginine levels and upregulation of tyrosine and hydroxyproline reflecting perturbations in gluconeogenesis and protein catabolism which together lead to weight loss and abnormal bone metabolism. Sorbitol level was markedly elevated secondary to hyperglycemia and reflecting activation of the polyol metabolism pathway causing a decrease in the availability of reducing molecules (glutathione, NADPH, NAD+). Overexpression of succinylacetone (4,6-dioxoheptanoic acid) suggests a novel inhibitory effect of Dex on hepatic fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase. The acylcarnitines, mainly the very long chain species (C12, C14:1, C18:1) were significantly increased after Dex treatment which reflects degradation of the adipose tissue. In conclusion, long-term Dex therapy in rats is associated with a distinctive metabolic profile which correlates with its side effects. Therefore, metabolomics based profiling may predict Dex treatment-related side effects and may offer possible novel therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abeer K Malkawi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Minnie Jacob
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular and Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Goran Matic
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa Ali
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Achraf Al Faraj
- Department of Radiologic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Science and Technology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Falah Almuhanna
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Dasouki
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas M Abdel Rahman
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hyperglycemia and aberrant O-GlcNAcylation: contributions to tumor progression. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2018; 50:175-187. [DOI: 10.1007/s10863-017-9740-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
34
|
Chin-Hun Kuo J, Gandhi JG, Zia RN, Paszek MJ. Physical biology of the cancer cell glycocalyx. NATURE PHYSICS 2018; 14:658-669. [PMID: 33859716 PMCID: PMC8046174 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-018-0186-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The glycocalyx coating the outside of most cells is a polymer meshwork comprising proteins and complex sugar chains called glycans. From a physical perspective, the glycocalyx has long been considered a simple 'slime' that protects cells from mechanical disruption or against pathogen interactions, but the great complexity of the structure argues for the evolution of more advanced functionality: the glycocalyx serves as the complex physical environment within which cell-surface receptors reside and operate. Recent studies have demonstrated that the glycocalyx can exert thermodynamic and kinetic control over cell signalling by serving as the local medium within which receptors diffuse, assemble and function. The composition and structure of the glycocalyx change markedly with changes in cell state, including transformation. Notably, cancer-specific changes fuel the synthesis of monomeric building blocks and machinery for production of long-chain polymers that alter the physical and chemical structure of the glycocalyx. In this Review, we discuss these changes and their physical consequences on receptor function and emergent cell behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joe Chin-Hun Kuo
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jay G. Gandhi
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Roseanna N. Zia
- Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Matthew J. Paszek
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Field of Biophysics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Correspondence should be addressed to M.J.P.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Genetic code asymmetry supports diversity through experimentation with posttranslational modifications. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2017; 41:1-11. [PMID: 28923586 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Protein N-glycosylation has been identified in all three domains of life presumably conserved for its early role in glycoprotein folding. However, the N-glycans added to proteins in the secretory pathway of multicellular organisms are remodeling in the Golgi, increasing structural diversity exponentially and adding new layers of functionality in immunity, metabolism and other systems. The branching and elongation of N-glycan chains found on cell surface receptors generates a gradation of affinities for carbohydrate-binding proteins, the galectin, selectin and siglec families. These interactions adapt cellular responsiveness to environmental conditions, but their complexity presents a daunting challenge to drug design. To gain further insight, I review how N-glycans biosynthesis and biophysical properties provide a selective advantage in the form of tunable and ultrasensitive stimulus-response relationships. In addition, the N-glycosylation motif favors step-wise mutational experimentation with sites. Glycoproteins display accelerated evolution during vertebrate radiation, and the encoding asymmetry of NXS/T(X≠P) has left behind phylogenetic evidence suggesting that the genetic code may have been selected to optimize diversity in part through emerging posttranslational modifications.
Collapse
|
36
|
Britto-Borges T, Barton GJ. A study of the structural properties of sites modified by the O-linked 6-N-acetylglucosamine transferase. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184405. [PMID: 28886091 PMCID: PMC5590929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein O-GlcNAcylation (O-GlcNAc) is an essential post-translational modification (PTM) in higher eukaryotes. The O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT), targets specific Serines and Threonines (S/T) in intracellular proteins. However, unlike phosphorylation, fewer than 25% of known O-GlcNAc sites match a clear sequence pattern. Accordingly, the three-dimensional structures of O-GlcNAc sites were characterised to investigate the role of structure in molecular recognition. From 1,584 O-GlcNAc sites in 620 proteins, 143 were mapped to protein structures determined by X-ray crystallography. The modified S/T were 1.7 times more likely to be annotated in the REM465 field which defines missing residues in a protein structure, while 7 O-GlcNAc sites were solvent inaccessible and unlikely to be targeted by OGT. 132 sites with complete backbone atoms clustered into 10 groups, but these were indistinguishable from clusters from unmodified S/T. This suggests there is no prevalent three-dimensional motif for OGT recognition. Predicted features from the 620 proteins were compared to unmodified S/T in O-GlcNAcylated proteins and globular proteins. The Jpred4 predicted secondary structure shows that modified S/T were more likely to be coils. 5/6 methods to predict intrinsic disorder indicated O-GlcNAcylated S/T to be significantly more disordered than unmodified S/T. Although the analysis did not find a pattern in the site three-dimensional structure, it revealed the residues around the modification site are likely to be disordered and suggests a potential role of secondary structure elements in OGT site recognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Britto-Borges
- Division of Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey J. Barton
- Division of Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ndombera FT. Anti-cancer agents and reactive oxygen species modulators that target cancer cell metabolism. PURE APPL CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2016-1219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AbstractTraditionally the perspective on reactive oxygen species (ROS) has centered on the role they play as carcinogenic or cancer-causing radicals. Over the years, characterization and functional studies have revealed the complexity of ROS as signaling molecules that regulate various physiological cellular responses or whose levels are altered in various diseases. Cancer cells often maintain high basal level of ROS and are vulnerable to any further increase in ROS levels beyond a certain protective threshold. Consequently, ROS-modulation has emerged as an anticancer strategy with synthesis of various ROS-inducing or responsive agents that target cancer cells. Of note, an increased carbohydrate uptake and/or induction of death receptors of cancer cells was exploited to develop glycoconjugates that potentially induce cellular stress, ROS and apoptosis. This mini review highlights the development of compounds that target cancer cells by taking advantage of redox or metabolic alteration in cancer cells.
Collapse
|
38
|
Chen R, Lai LA, Sullivan Y, Wong M, Wang L, Riddell J, Jung L, Pillarisetty VG, Brentnall TA, Pan S. Disrupting glutamine metabolic pathways to sensitize gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7950. [PMID: 28801576 PMCID: PMC5554139 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08436-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease with poor prognosis. Gemcitabine has been the first line systemic treatment for pancreatic cancer. However, the rapid development of drug resistance has been a major hurdle in gemcitabine therapy leading to unsatisfactory patient outcomes. With the recent renewed understanding of glutamine metabolism involvement in drug resistance and immuno-response, we investigated the anti-tumor effect of a glutamine analog (6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine) as an adjuvant treatment to sensitize chemoresistant pancreatic cancer cells. We demonstrate that disruption of glutamine metabolic pathways improves the efficacy of gemcitabine treatment. Such a disruption induces a cascade of events which impacts glycan biosynthesis through Hexosamine Biosynthesis Pathway (HBP), as well as cellular redox homeostasis, resulting in global changes in protein glycosylation, expression and functional effects. The proteome alterations induced in the resistant cancer cells and the secreted exosomes are intricately associated with the reduction in cell proliferation and the enhancement of cancer cell chemosensitivity. Proteins associated with EGFR signaling, including downstream AKT-mTOR pathways, MAPK pathway, as well as redox enzymes were downregulated in response to disruption of glutamine metabolic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Lisa A Lai
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Yumi Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Melissa Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Jonah Riddell
- Cell Signaling Technology, Inc, Danvers, MA, 01923, USA
| | - Linda Jung
- Cell Signaling Technology, Inc, Danvers, MA, 01923, USA
| | | | - Teresa A Brentnall
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Sheng Pan
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Pham ND, Pang PC, Krishnamurthy S, Wands AM, Grassi P, Dell A, Haslam SM, Kohler JJ. Effects of altered sialic acid biosynthesis on N-linked glycan branching and cell surface interactions. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:9637-9651. [PMID: 28424265 PMCID: PMC5465488 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.764597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
GNE (UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase) myopathy is a rare muscle disorder associated with aging and is related to sporadic inclusion body myositis, the most common acquired muscle disease of aging. Although the cause of sporadic inclusion body myositis is unknown, GNE myopathy is associated with mutations in GNE. GNE harbors two enzymatic activities required for biosynthesis of sialic acid in mammalian cells. Mutations to both GNE domains are linked to GNE myopathy. However, correlation between mutation-associated reductions in sialic acid production and disease severity is imperfect. To investigate other potential effects of GNE mutations, we compared sialic acid production in cell lines expressing wild type or mutant forms of GNE. Although we did not detect any differences attributable to disease-associated mutations, lectin binding and mass spectrometry analysis revealed that GNE deficiency is associated with unanticipated effects on the structure of cell-surface glycans. In addition to exhibiting low levels of sialylation, GNE-deficient cells produced distinct N-linked glycan structures with increased branching and extended poly-N-acetyllactosamine. GNE deficiency may affect levels of UDP-GlcNAc, a key metabolite in the nutrient-sensing hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, but this modest effect did not fully account for the change in N-linked glycan structure. Furthermore, GNE deficiency and glucose supplementation acted independently and additively to increase N-linked glycan branching. Notably, N-linked glycans produced by GNE-deficient cells displayed enhanced binding to galectin-1, indicating that changes in GNE activity can alter affinity of cell-surface glycoproteins for the galectin lattice. These findings suggest an unanticipated mechanism by which GNE activity might affect signaling through cell-surface receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nam D Pham
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038 and
| | - Poh-Choo Pang
- the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Soumya Krishnamurthy
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038 and
| | - Amberlyn M Wands
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038 and
| | - Paola Grassi
- the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Dell
- the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart M Haslam
- the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer J Kohler
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038 and
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Banh RS, Iorio C, Marcotte R, Xu Y, Cojocari D, Rahman AA, Pawling J, Zhang W, Sinha A, Rose CM, Isasa M, Zhang S, Wu R, Virtanen C, Hitomi T, Habu T, Sidhu SS, Koizumi A, Wilkins SE, Kislinger T, Gygi SP, Schofield CJ, Dennis JW, Wouters BG, Neel BG. PTP1B controls non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption by regulating RNF213 to promote tumour survival during hypoxia. Nat Cell Biol 2016; 18:803-813. [PMID: 27323329 PMCID: PMC4936519 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumours exist in a hypoxic microenvironment and must limit excessive oxygen consumption. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) controls mitochondrial oxygen consumption, but how/if tumours regulate non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption (NMOC) is unknown. Protein-tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) is required for Her2/Neu-driven breast cancer (BC) in mice, although the underlying mechanism and human relevance remain unclear. We found that PTP1B-deficient HER2(+) xenografts have increased hypoxia, necrosis and impaired growth. In vitro, PTP1B deficiency sensitizes HER2(+) BC lines to hypoxia by increasing NMOC by α-KG-dependent dioxygenases (α-KGDDs). The moyamoya disease gene product RNF213, an E3 ligase, is negatively regulated by PTP1B in HER2(+) BC cells. RNF213 knockdown reverses the effects of PTP1B deficiency on α-KGDDs, NMOC and hypoxia-induced death of HER2(+) BC cells, and partially restores tumorigenicity. We conclude that PTP1B acts via RNF213 to suppress α-KGDD activity and NMOC. This PTP1B/RNF213/α-KGDD pathway is critical for survival of HER2(+) BC, and possibly other malignancies, in the hypoxic tumour microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Banh
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Caterina Iorio
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Richard Marcotte
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Dan Cojocari
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Anas Abdel Rahman
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Genetics, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Judy Pawling
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Wei Zhang
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Ankit Sinha
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Christopher M Rose
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Marta Isasa
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ronald Wu
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Carl Virtanen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Toshiaki Hitomi
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Habu
- Department of Radiation System Biology, Institute of Radiation Biology Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sachdev S Sidhu
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Akio Koizumi
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sarah E Wilkins
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford University, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Thomas Kislinger
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | | | - James W Dennis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Bradly G Wouters
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Benjamin G Neel
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Taparra K, Tran PT, Zachara NE. Hijacking the Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway to Promote EMT-Mediated Neoplastic Phenotypes. Front Oncol 2016; 6:85. [PMID: 27148477 PMCID: PMC4834358 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a highly conserved program necessary for orchestrating distant cell migration during embryonic development. Multiple studies in cancer have demonstrated a critical role for EMT during the initial stages of tumorigenesis and later during tumor invasion. Transcription factors (TFs) such as SNAIL, TWIST, and ZEB are master EMT regulators that are aberrantly overexpressed in many malignancies. Recent evidence correlates EMT-related transcriptomic alterations with metabolic reprograming in cancer. Metabolic alterations may allow cancer to adapt to environmental stressors, supporting the irregular macromolecular demand of rapid proliferation. One potential metabolic pathway of increasing importance is the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP). The HBP utilizes glycolytic intermediates to generate the metabolite UDP-GlcNAc. This and other charged nucleotide sugars serve as the basis for biosynthesis of glycoproteins and other glycoconjugates. Recent reports in the field of glycobiology have cultivated great curiosity within the cancer research community. However, specific mechanistic relationships between the HBP and fundamental pathways of cancer, such as EMT, have yet to be elucidated. Altered protein glycosylation downstream of the HBP is well positioned to mediate many cellular changes associated with EMT including cell-cell adhesion, responsiveness to growth factors, immune system evasion, and signal transduction programs. Here, we outline some of the basics of the HBP and putative roles the HBP may have in driving EMT-related cancer processes. With novel appreciation of the HBP's connection to EMT, we hope to illuminate the potential for new therapeutic targets of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kekoa Taparra
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Phuoc T Tran
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Natasha E Zachara
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Metabolic Reprogramming by Hexosamine Biosynthetic and Golgi N-Glycan Branching Pathways. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23043. [PMID: 26972830 PMCID: PMC4789752 DOI: 10.1038/srep23043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
De novo uridine-diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) biosynthesis requires glucose, glutamine, acetyl-CoA and uridine, however GlcNAc salvaged from glycoconjugate turnover and dietary sources also makes a significant contribution to the intracellular pool. Herein we ask whether dietary GlcNAc regulates nutrient transport and intermediate metabolism in C57BL/6 mice by increasing UDP-GlcNAc and in turn Golgi N-glycan branching. GlcNAc added to the drinking water showed a dose-dependent increase in growth of young mice, while in mature adult mice fat and body-weight increased without affecting calorie-intake, activity, energy expenditure, or the microbiome. Oral GlcNAc increased hepatic UDP-GlcNAc and N-glycan branching on hepatic glycoproteins. Glucose homeostasis, hepatic glycogen, lipid metabolism and response to fasting were altered with GlcNAc treatment. In cultured cells GlcNAc enhanced uptake of glucose, glutamine and fatty-acids, and enhanced lipid synthesis, while inhibition of Golgi N-glycan branching blocked GlcNAc-dependent lipid accumulation. The N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase enzymes of the N-glycan branching pathway (Mgat1,2,4,5) display multistep ultrasensitivity to UDP-GlcNAc, as well as branching-dependent compensation. Indeed, oral GlcNAc rescued fat accumulation in lean Mgat5−/− mice and in cultured Mgat5−/− hepatocytes, consistent with N-glycan branching compensation. Our results suggest GlcNAc reprograms cellular metabolism by enhancing nutrient uptake and lipid storage through the UDP-GlcNAc supply to N-glycan branching pathway.
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Galectins are a family of widely expressed β-galactoside-binding lectins in metazoans. The 15 mammalian galectins have either one or two conserved carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs), with galectin-3 being able to pentamerize; they form complexes that crosslink glycosylated ligands to form a dynamic lattice. The galectin lattice regulates the diffusion, compartmentalization and endocytosis of plasma membrane glycoproteins and glycolipids. The galectin lattice also regulates the selection, activation and arrest of T cells, receptor kinase signaling and the functionality of membrane receptors, including the glucagon receptor, glucose and amino acid transporters, cadherins and integrins. The affinity of transmembrane glycoproteins to the galectin lattice is proportional to the number and branching of their N-glycans; with branching being mediated by Golgi N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-branching enzymes and the supply of UDP-GlcNAc through metabolite flux through the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway. The relative affinities of glycoproteins for the galectin lattice depend on the activities of the Golgi enzymes that generate the epitopes of their ligands and, thus, provide a means to analyze biological function of lectins and of the 'glycome' more broadly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan R Nabi
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Jay Shankar
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - James W Dennis
- Department of Medical Genetics and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L5
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Guo M, Zhai Y, Guo C, Liu Y, Tang D, Pan Y. A new strategy to determine the protein mutation site using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization in-source decay: Derivatization by ionic liquid. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 865:31-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
45
|
Abstract
There is a long research history of studying the function of glycosylation in relation to the development and progression of different types of cancer. The technological advances of the "omic" have in the last decade have afforded many new opportunities and approaches for studying the cancer glycome. A collection of research articles has been assembled that collectively summarize the progress in this area for each type of major O-linked and N-linked glycan species and other classes of glycans, as well as what is known about specific glycans associated with individual types of cancer (brain, breast, colon, liver, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate). These chapters also include descriptions of the latest cutting-edge technologies that have been developed recently for cancer glycomic studies. An introduction to these topics and highlights of emerging areas of research opportunity for cancer glycomics are presented. This includes the development of new glycomics-based cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets, as well as different integrated cancer "omics" strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard R Drake
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abdel Rahman AM, Ryczko M, Nakano M, Pawling J, Rodrigues T, Johswich A, Taniguchi N, Dennis JW. Golgi N-glycan branching N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases I, V and VI promote nutrient uptake and metabolism. Glycobiology 2014; 25:225-40. [PMID: 25395405 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwu105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrient transporters are critical gate-keepers of extracellular metabolite entry into the cell. As integral membrane proteins, most transporters are N-glycosylated, and the N-glycans are remodeled in the Golgi apparatus. The Golgi branching enzymes N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases I, II, IV, V and avian VI (encoded by Mgat1, Mgat2, Mgat4a/b/c Mgat5 and Mgat6), each catalyze the addition of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) in N-glycans. Here, we asked whether N-glycan branching promotes nutrient transport and metabolism in immortal human HeLa carcinoma and non-malignant HEK293 embryonic kidney cells. Mgat6 is absent in mammals, but ectopic expression can be expected to add an additional β1,4-linked branch to N-glycans, and may provide evidence for functional redundancy of the N-glycan branches. Tetracycline (tet)-induced overexpression of Mgat1, Mgat5 and Mgat6 resulted in increased enzyme activity and increased N-glycan branching concordant with the known specificities of these enzymes. Tet-induced Mgat1, Mgat5 and Mgat6 combined with stimulation of hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) to UDP-GlcNAc, increased cellular metabolite levels, lactate and oxidative metabolism in an additive manner. We then tested the hypothesis that N-glycan branching alone might promote nutrient uptake when glucose (Glc) and glutamine are limiting. In low glutamine and Glc medium, tet-induced Mgat5 alone increased amino acids uptake, intracellular levels of glycolytic and TCA intermediates, as well as HEK293 cell growth. More specifically, tet-induced Mgat5 and HBP elevated the import rate of glutamine, although transport of other metabolites may be regulated in parallel. Our results suggest that N-glycan branching cooperates with HBP to regulate metabolite import in a cell autonomous manner, and can enhance cell growth in low-nutrient environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anas M Abdel Rahman
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Room #988, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G1X5
| | - Michael Ryczko
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Room #988, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G1X5 Department of Molecular Genetics
| | - Miyako Nakano
- Disease Glycomics Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, Chemical Biology Department, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Judy Pawling
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Room #988, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G1X5
| | - Tania Rodrigues
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Room #988, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G1X5 Department of Molecular Genetics
| | - Anita Johswich
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Room #988, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G1X5
| | - Naoyuki Taniguchi
- Disease Glycomics Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, Chemical Biology Department, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - James W Dennis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Room #988, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G1X5 Department of Molecular Genetics Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G1X5
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Verdegem D, Moens S, Stapor P, Carmeliet P. Endothelial cell metabolism: parallels and divergences with cancer cell metabolism. Cancer Metab 2014; 2:19. [PMID: 25250177 PMCID: PMC4171726 DOI: 10.1186/2049-3002-2-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The stromal vasculature in tumors is a vital conduit of nutrients and oxygen for cancer cells. To date, the vast majority of studies have focused on unraveling the genetic basis of vessel sprouting (also termed angiogenesis). In contrast to the widely studied changes in cancer cell metabolism, insight in the metabolic regulation of angiogenesis is only just emerging. These studies show that metabolic pathways in endothelial cells (ECs) importantly regulate angiogenesis in conjunction with genetic signals. In this review, we will highlight these emerging insights in EC metabolism and discuss them in perspective of cancer cell metabolism. While it is generally assumed that cancer cells have unique metabolic adaptations, not shared by healthy non-transformed cells, we will discuss parallels and highlight differences between endothelial and cancer cell metabolism and consider possible novel therapeutic opportunities arising from targeting both cancer and endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dries Verdegem
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium ; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, K.U.Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Stijn Moens
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium ; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, K.U.Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Peter Stapor
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium ; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, K.U.Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium ; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular link, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, K.U.Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, box 912, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abdel Rahman AM, Pawling J, Ryczko M, Caudy AA, Dennis JW. Targeted metabolomics in cultured cells and tissues by mass spectrometry: method development and validation. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 845:53-61. [PMID: 25201272 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is the identification and quantitation of small bio-molecules (metabolites) in biological samples under various environmental and genetic conditions. Mass spectrometry provides the unique opportunity for targeted identification and quantification of known metabolites by selective reaction monitoring (SRM). However, reproducibility of this approach depends on careful consideration of sample preparation, chemical classes, and stability of metabolites to be evaluated. Herein, we introduce and validate a targeted metabolite profiling workflow for cultured cells and tissues by liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. The method requires a one-step extraction of water-soluble metabolites and targeted analysis of central metabolites that include glycolysis, amino acids, nucleotides, citric acid cycle, and the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. The sensitivity, reproducibility and molecular stability of each targeted metabolite were assessed under experimental conditions. Quantitation of metabolites by peak area ratio was linear with a dilution over a 4 fold dynamic range with minimal deviation R(2)=0.98. Inter- and intra-day precision with cells and tissues had an average coefficient of variation <15% for cultured cell lines, and somewhat higher for mouse liver tissues. The method applied in triplicate measurements readily distinguished immortalized cells from malignant cells, as well as mouse littermates based on their hepatic metabolic profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anas M Abdel Rahman
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue R988, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Judy Pawling
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue R988, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Michael Ryczko
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue R988, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Amy A Caudy
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Canada; The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - James W Dennis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue R988, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Toronto, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Johswich A, Longuet C, Pawling J, Abdel Rahman A, Ryczko M, Drucker DJ, Dennis JW. N-glycan remodeling on glucagon receptor is an effector of nutrient sensing by the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:15927-41. [PMID: 24742675 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.563734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose homeostasis in mammals is dependent on the opposing actions of insulin and glucagon. The Golgi N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases encoded by Mgat1, Mgat2, Mgat4a/b/c, and Mgat5 modify the N-glycans on receptors and solute transporter, possibly adapting activities in response to the metabolic environment. Herein we report that Mgat5(-/-) mice display diminished glycemic response to exogenous glucagon, together with increased insulin sensitivity. Glucagon receptor signaling and gluconeogenesis in Mgat5(-/-) cultured hepatocytes was impaired. In HEK293 cells, signaling by ectopically expressed glucagon receptor was increased by Mgat5 expression and GlcNAc supplementation to UDP-GlcNAc, the donor substrate shared by Mgat branching enzymes. The mobility of glucagon receptor in primary hepatocytes was reduced by galectin-9 binding, and the strength of the interaction was dependent on Mgat5 and UDP-GlcNAc levels. Finally, oral GlcNAc supplementation rescued the glucagon response in Mgat5(-/-) hepatocytes and mice, as well as glycolytic metabolites and UDP-GlcNAc levels in liver. Our results reveal that the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway and GlcNAc salvage contribute to glucose homeostasis through N-glycan branching on glucagon receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Johswich
- From the Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada and
| | - Christine Longuet
- From the Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada and
| | - Judy Pawling
- From the Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada and
| | - Anas Abdel Rahman
- From the Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada and
| | - Michael Ryczko
- From the Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada and the Departments of Molecular Genetics
| | - Daniel J Drucker
- From the Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada and Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5R 0A3, Canada
| | - James W Dennis
- From the Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada and the Departments of Molecular Genetics, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5R 0A3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Soliman MA, Abdel Rahman AM, Lamming DW, Lamming DA, Birsoy K, Pawling J, Frigolet ME, Lu H, Fantus IG, Pasculescu A, Zheng Y, Sabatini DM, Dennis JW, Pawson T. The adaptor protein p66Shc inhibits mTOR-dependent anabolic metabolism. Sci Signal 2014; 7:ra17. [PMID: 24550542 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2004785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adaptor proteins link surface receptors to intracellular signaling pathways and potentially control the way cells respond to nutrient availability. Mice deficient in p66Shc, the most recently evolved isoform of the Shc1 adaptor proteins and a mediator of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling, display resistance to diabetes and obesity. Using quantitative mass spectrometry, we found that p66Shc inhibited glucose metabolism. Depletion of p66Shc enhanced glycolysis and increased the allocation of glucose-derived carbon into anabolic metabolism, characteristics of a metabolic shift called the Warburg effect. This change in metabolism was mediated by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) because inhibition of mTOR with rapamycin reversed the glycolytic phenotype caused by p66Shc deficiency. Thus, unlike the other isoforms of Shc1, p66Shc appears to antagonize insulin and mTOR signaling, which limits glucose uptake and metabolism. Our results identify a critical inhibitory role for p66Shc in anabolic metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Soliman
- 1Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|