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Rajput SK, Mothika VS. Powders to Thin Films: Advances in Conjugated Microporous Polymer Chemical Sensors. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300730. [PMID: 38407503 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Chemical sensing of harmful species released either from natural or anthropogenic activities is critical to ensuring human safety and health. Over the last decade, conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) have been proven to be potential sensor materials with the possibility of realizing sensing devices for practical applications. CMPs found to be unique among other porous materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) due to their high chemical/thermal stability, high surface area, microporosity, efficient host-guest interactions with the analyte, efficient exciton migration along the π-conjugated chains, and tailorable structure to target specific analytes. Several CMP-based optical, electrochemical, colorimetric, and ratiometric sensors with excellent selectivity and sensing performance were reported. This review comprehensively discusses the advances in CMP chemical sensors (powders and thin films) in the detection of nitroaromatic explosives, chemical warfare agents, anions, metal ions, biomolecules, iodine, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with simultaneous delineation of design strategy principles guiding the selectivity and sensitivity of CMP. Preceding this, various photophysical mechanisms responsible for chemical sensing are discussed in detail for convenience. Finally, future challenges to be addressed in the field of CMP chemical sensors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Kumar Rajput
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Venkata Suresh Mothika
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
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2
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Singh R, Gupta R, Bansal D, Bhateria R, Sharma M. A Review on Recent Trends and Future Developments in Electrochemical Sensing. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:7336-7356. [PMID: 38405479 PMCID: PMC10882602 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical methods and devices have ignited prodigious interest for sensing and monitoring. The greatest challenge for science is far from meeting the expectations of consumers. Electrodes made of two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, metal-organic frameworks, MXene, and transition metal dichalcogenides as well as alternative electrochemical sensing methods offer potential to improve selectivity, sensitivity, detection limit, and response time. Moreover, these advancements have accelerated the development of wearable and point-of-care electrochemical sensors, opening new possibilities and pathways for their applications. This Review presents a critical discussion of the recent developments and trends in electrochemical sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimmy Singh
- Department of Applied Science & Humanities, DPG Institute of Technology and Management, Gurugram 122004, India
| | - Ruchi Gupta
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | | | - Rachna Bhateria
- Department of Environmental Science, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Mona Sharma
- Department of Environmental Studies, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India
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3
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Parri L, Tani M, Baldo D, Parrino S, Landi E, Mugnaini M, Fort A. A Distributed IoT Air Quality Measurement System for High-Risk Workplace Safety Enhancement. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23115060. [PMID: 37299787 DOI: 10.3390/s23115060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The safety of an operator working in a hazardous environment is a recurring topic in the technical literature of recent years, especially for high-risk environments such as oil and gas plants, refineries, gas depots, or chemical industries. One of the highest risk factors is constituted by the presence of gaseous substances such as toxic compounds such as carbon monoxide and nitric oxides, particulate matter or indoors, in closed spaces, low oxygen concentration atmospheres, and high concentrations of CO2 that can represent a risk for human health. In this context, there exist many monitoring systems for lots of specific applications where gas detection is required. In this paper, the authors present a distributed sensing system based on commercial sensors aimed at monitoring the presence of toxic compounds generated by a melting furnace with the aim of reliably detecting the insurgence of dangerous conditions for workers. The system is composed of two different sensor nodes and a gas analyzer, and it exploits commercial low-cost commercially available sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Parri
- Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Tani
- Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - David Baldo
- Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Stefano Parrino
- Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Elia Landi
- Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Mugnaini
- Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Ada Fort
- Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
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Saiz E, Banicevic I, Espinoza Torres S, Bertata S, Picasso G, O'Brien M, Radu A. Portable, low-cost, Raspberry Pi-based optical sensor (PiSENS): continuous monitoring of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:482-491. [PMID: 36606573 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01433e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a sensing system that utilizes a low-cost computer (Raspberry Pi) and its imaging camera as an optical sensing core for the continuous detection of NO2 in the air (PiSENS-A). The sensor is based on colour development as a consequence of the interaction of the gas with an absorbing solution. The PiSENS-A is thoroughly calibrated over the hourly mean which is used as one of the key metrics in evaluating air quality. The calibration was performed in the range of 0 < [NO2] < 476 μg m-3 chosen to contain the threshold used to determine compliance to the UK's Air Quality Standard Regulations (2010) expressed as a maximum of 18 permitted exceedances of [NO2]hourly mean = 200 μg per m3 per year. Lab-based measurements were evaluated against UV-vis. The average precision expressed as a relative standard deviation was: RSD% = 2.8%, while the correlation of mock samples was excellent (Pearson's r = 1.000). Field-based measurements were evaluated against chemiluminescence-based instrument exhibiting a correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.993. The PiSENS-A was also deployed as an independent air quality analyser at the Keele University campus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Saiz
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Birchall Centre, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
| | - Ivana Banicevic
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Montenegro, Montenegro
| | - Sergio Espinoza Torres
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry Research, Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Lima 25, Peru
| | - Salma Bertata
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Birchall Centre, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
| | - Gino Picasso
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry Research, Faculty of Sciences, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Lima 25, Peru
| | - Matthew O'Brien
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Birchall Centre, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
| | - Aleksandar Radu
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Banks Laboratories, University of Lincoln, Green Lane, Lincoln, LN6 7DL, UK.
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Ma H, Cheng Z, Li X, Li B, Fu Y, Jiang J. Advances and Challenges of Cellulose Functional Materials in Sensors. JOURNAL OF BIORESOURCES AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Rostampour M, Lawrence Jr D, Hamid Z, Darensbourg J, Calvo-Marzal P, Chumbimuni-Torres K. Highly Reproducible Flexible Ion‐Selective Electrodes for the Detection of Sodium and Potassium in Artificial Sweat. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202200121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Zhang S, Liu D, Wang G. Covalent Organic Frameworks for Chemical and Biological Sensing. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27082586. [PMID: 35458784 PMCID: PMC9029239 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of crystalline porous organic polymers with polygonal porosity and highly ordered structures. The most prominent feature of the COFs is their excellent crystallinity and highly ordered modifiable one-dimensional pores. Since the first report of them in 2005, COFs with various structures were successfully synthesized and their applications in a wide range of fields including gas storage, pollution removal, catalysis, and optoelectronics explored. In the meantime, COFs also exhibited good performance in chemical and biological sensing, because their highly ordered modifiable pores allowed the selective adsorption of the analytes, and the interaction between the analytes and the COFs’ skeletons may lead to a detectable change in the optical or electrical properties of the COFs. In this review, we firstly demonstrate the basic principles of COFs-based chemical and biological sensing, then briefly summarize the applications of COFs in sensing some substances of practical value, including some gases, ions, organic compounds, and biomolecules. Finally, we discuss the trends and the challenges of COFs-based chemical and biological sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiji Zhang
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China;
| | - Danqing Liu
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China;
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (G.W.)
| | - Guangtong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing (Ministry of Education), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (G.W.)
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Ozer T, Henry CS. Microfluidic-based ion-selective thermoplastic electrode array for point-of-care detection of potassium and sodium ions. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:152. [PMID: 35322308 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05264-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A microfluidic paper-based thermoplastic electrode (TPE) array has been developed for point-of-care detection of Na+ and K+ ions using a custom-made portable potentiometer. TPEs were fabricated using polystyrene as the binder and two different types of graphite to compare the electrode performance. The newly designed TPE array embedded in a polymethyl methacrylate chip consists of two working electrodes modified with carbon black nanomaterial and an ion-selective membrane, and an all-solid-state reference electrode modified with Ag/AgCl ink and poly(butyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) membrane via drop-casting. Ion-selective membrane compositions and conditioning steps were optimized. Under optimized conditions, ion-selective TPEs demonstrated fast response time (4 s) and good stability. The TPE array demonstrated a Nernstian behavior for K+ with a sensitivity of 59.2 ± 0.2 mV decade-1 and near-Nernstian response for Na+ with a sensitivity of 54.0 ± 1.1 mV decade-1 in the range 10-1 - 10-4 M and 1 - 10-3 M, respectively. The detection limits were 1 × 10-5 M and 1 × 10-4 M for K+ and Na+, respectively. In addition, a K+ and Na+ selective microfluidic paper-based analytical device (µPAD) was applied to artificial serum analysis and found in good agreement with average recoveries of 101.3% and 99.7%, respectively, suggesting that the developed ISE array is suitable for detection of sodium and potassium in complex matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Ozer
- Faculty of Chemical-Metallurgical Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, 34220, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
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Meng Z, Mirica KA. Covalent organic frameworks as multifunctional materials for chemical detection. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:13498-13558. [PMID: 34787136 PMCID: PMC9264329 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00600b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sensitive and selective detection of chemical and biological analytes is critical in various scientific and technological fields. As an emerging class of multifunctional materials, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with their unique properties of chemical modularity, large surface area, high stability, low density, and tunable pore sizes and functionalities, which together define their programmable properties, show promise in advancing chemical detection. This review demonstrates the recent progress in chemical detection where COFs constitute an integral component of the achieved function. This review highlights how the unique properties of COFs can be harnessed to develop different types of chemical detection systems based on the principles of chromism, luminescence, electrical transduction, chromatography, spectrometry, and others to achieve highly sensitive and selective detection of various analytes, ranging from gases, volatiles, ions, to biomolecules. The key parameters of detection performance for target analytes are summarized, compared, and analyzed from the perspective of the detection mechanism and structure-property-performance correlations of COFs. Conclusions summarize the current accomplishments and analyze the challenges and limitations that exist for chemical detection under different mechanisms. Perspectives on how future directions of research can advance the COF-based chemical detection through innovation in novel COF design and synthesis, progress in device fabrication, and exploration of novel modes of detection are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory, 41 College Street, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
| | - Katherine A Mirica
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory, 41 College Street, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
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10
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Lisak G. Reliable environmental trace heavy metal analysis with potentiometric ion sensors - reality or a distant dream. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 289:117882. [PMID: 34364114 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Over two decades have passed since polymeric membrane ion-selective electrodes were found to exhibit sufficiently lower detection limits. This in turn brought a great promise to measure trace level concentrations of heavy metals using potentiometric ion sensors at environmental conditions. Despite great efforts, trace analysis of heavy metals using ion-selective electrodes at environmental conditions is still not commercially available. This work will predominantly concentrate on summarizing and evaluating prospects of using potentiometric ion sensors in view of environmental determination of heavy metals in on-site and on-line analysis modes. Challenges associated with development of reliable potentiometric sensors to be operational in environmental conditions will be discussed and reasoning behind unsuccessful efforts to develop potentiometric on-site and on-line environmental ion sensors will be explored. In short, it is now clear that solely lowering the detection limit of the ion-selective electrodes does not guarantee development of successful sensors that would meet the requirement of environmental matrices over long term usage. More pressing challenges of the properties and the performance of the potentiometric sensors must be addressed first before considering extending their sensitivity to low analyte concentrations. These are, in order of importance, selectivity of the ion-selective membrane to main ion followed by the membrane resistance to parallel processes, such as water ingress to the ISM, light sensitivity, change in temperature, presence of gasses in solution and pH and finally resistance of the ion-selective membrane to fouling. In the future, targeted on-site and on-line environmental sensors should be developed, addressing specific environmental conditions. Thus, ion-selective electrodes should be developed with the intention to be suitable to the operational environmental conditions, rather than looking at universal sensor design validated in the idealized and simple sample matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Lisak
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore; Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore, 637141, Singapore.
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11
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Ielo I, Giacobello F, Sfameni S, Rando G, Galletta M, Trovato V, Rosace G, Plutino MR. Nanostructured Surface Finishing and Coatings: Functional Properties and Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:2733. [PMID: 34067241 PMCID: PMC8196899 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review presents current literature on different nanocomposite coatings and surface finishing for textiles, and in particular this study has focused on smart materials, drug-delivery systems, industrial, antifouling and nano/ultrafiltration membrane coatings. Each of these nanostructured coatings shows interesting properties for different fields of application. In this review, particular attention is paid to the synthesis and the consequent physico-chemical characteristics of each coating and, therefore, to the different parameters that influence the substrate deposition process. Several techniques used in the characterization of these surface finishing coatings were also described. In this review the sol-gel method for preparing stimuli-responsive coatings as smart sensor materials is described; polymers and nanoparticles sensitive to pH, temperature, phase, light and biomolecules are also treated; nanomaterials based on phosphorus, borates, hydroxy carbonates and silicones are used and described as flame-retardant coatings; organic/inorganic hybrid sol-gel coatings for industrial applications are illustrated; carbon nanotubes, metallic oxides and polymers are employed for nano/ultrafiltration membranes and antifouling coatings. Research institutes and industries have collaborated in the advancement of nanotechnology by optimizing conversion processes of conventional materials into coatings with new functionalities for intelligent applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Ielo
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN–CNR, Palermo, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (F.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Fausta Giacobello
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN–CNR, Palermo, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (F.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Silvia Sfameni
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN–CNR, Palermo, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (F.G.); (S.S.)
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada di Dio, S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giulia Rando
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Analytical Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Maurilio Galletta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Analytical Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Valentina Trovato
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine (BG), Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Rosace
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine (BG), Italy;
| | - Maria Rosaria Plutino
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN–CNR, Palermo, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (F.G.); (S.S.)
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12
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Haghi M, Danyali S, Ayasseh S, Wang J, Aazami R, Deserno TM. Wearable Devices in Health Monitoring from the Environmental towards Multiple Domains: A Survey. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:2130. [PMID: 33803745 PMCID: PMC8003262 DOI: 10.3390/s21062130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes the environmental, behavioral, physiological, and psychological domains that impact adversely human health, well-being, and quality of life (QoL) in general. The environmental domain has significant interaction with the others. With respect to proactive and personalized medicine and the Internet of medical things (IoMT), wearables are most important for continuous health monitoring. In this work, we analyze wearables in healthcare from a perspective of innovation by categorizing them according to the four domains. Furthermore, we consider the mode of wearability, costs, and prolonged monitoring. We identify features and investigate the wearable devices in the terms of sampling rate, resolution, data usage (propagation), and data transmission. We also investigate applications of wearable devices. Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Library delivered wearables that we require to monitor at least one environmental parameter, e.g., a pollutant. According to the number of domains, from which the wearables record data, we identify groups: G1, environmental parameters only; G2, environmental and behavioral parameters; G3, environmental, behavioral, and physiological parameters; and G4 parameters from all domains. In total, we included 53 devices of which 35, 9, 9, and 0 belong to G1, G2, G3, and G4, respectively. Furthermore, 32, 11, 7, and 5 wearables are applied in general health and well-being monitoring, specific diagnostics, disease management, and non-medical. We further propose customized and quantified output for future wearables from both, the perspectives of users, as well as physicians. Our study shows a shift of wearable devices towards disease management and particular applications. It also indicates the significant role of wearables in proactive healthcare, having capability of creating big data and linking to external healthcare systems for real-time monitoring and care delivery at the point of perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Haghi
- Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of TU Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, Braunschweig, 38106 Lower Saxony, Germany; (J.W.); (T.M.D.)
| | - Saeed Danyali
- Faculty of Engineering, Ilam University, Ilam 69315-516, Iran; (S.D.); (S.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Sina Ayasseh
- Faculty of Engineering, Ilam University, Ilam 69315-516, Iran; (S.D.); (S.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Ju Wang
- Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of TU Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, Braunschweig, 38106 Lower Saxony, Germany; (J.W.); (T.M.D.)
| | - Rahmat Aazami
- Faculty of Engineering, Ilam University, Ilam 69315-516, Iran; (S.D.); (S.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Thomas M. Deserno
- Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of TU Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, Braunschweig, 38106 Lower Saxony, Germany; (J.W.); (T.M.D.)
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Development of a Colorimetric Sensor for Autonomous, Networked, Real-Time Application. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20205857. [PMID: 33081235 PMCID: PMC7589661 DOI: 10.3390/s20205857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review describes an ongoing effort intended to develop wireless sensor networks for real-time monitoring of airborne targets across a broad area. The goal is to apply the spectrophotometric characteristics of porphyrins and metalloporphyrins in a colorimetric array for detection and discrimination of changes in the chemical composition of environmental air samples. The work includes hardware, software, and firmware design as well as development of algorithms for identification of event occurrence and discrimination of targets. Here, we describe the prototype devices and algorithms related to this effort as well as work directed at selection of indicator arrays for use with the system. Finally, we review the field trials completed with the prototype devices and discuss the outlook for further development.
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Qiao L, Benzigar MR, Subramony JA, Lovell NH, Liu G. Advances in Sweat Wearables: Sample Extraction, Real-Time Biosensing, and Flexible Platforms. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:34337-34361. [PMID: 32579332 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Wearable biosensors for sweat-based analysis are gaining wide attention due to their potential use in personal health monitoring. Flexible wearable devices enable sweat analysis at the molecular level, facilitating noninvasive monitoring of physiological states via real-time monitoring of chemical biomarkers. Advances in sweat extraction technology, real-time biosensors, stretchable materials, device integration, and wireless digital technologies have led to the development of wearable sweat-biosensing devices that are light, flexible, comfortable, aesthetic, affordable, and informative. Herein, we summarize recent advances of sweat wearables from the aspects of sweat extraction, fabrication of stretchable biomaterials, and design of biosensing modules to enable continuous biochemical monitoring, which are essential for a biosensing device. Key chemical components of sweat, sweat capture methodologies, and considerations of flexible substrates for integrating real-time biosensors with electronics to bring innovations in the art of wearables are elaborated. The strategies and challenges involved in improving the wearable biosensing performance and the perspectives for designing sweat-based wearable biosensing devices are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laicong Qiao
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mercy Rose Benzigar
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - J Anand Subramony
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Nigel H Lovell
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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15
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Technologies and Fabrication of Intelligent Packaging for Perishable Products. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9224858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The preservation of perishable products to maintain their quality is of paramount importance for food safety and security, and is attracting more attention due to increasing concerns regarding food quality, healthcare, and quality of life. Advances in technology and materials in recent years have led to the development and implementation of intelligent packaging for perishable products that can monitor or even control their quality in a supply chain. In this paper, the techniques used in intelligent packaging (i.e., indicators, sensors, and identification technology) and the major printing methods for fabricating electronics (i.e., inkjet printing, screen printing, and gravure printing) are reviewed with a focus on the packaging of perishable products. Although the high manufacturing costs pose a major challenge the commercialization and large-scale deployment of perishable products, it is expected that the technological progresses in printing electronics will significantly reduce the manufacturing cost of intelligent packaging to a threshold of acceptance by markets. In addition, the broad applications of intelligent packaging can facilitate the traction and monitoring of perishable products for better control of the product quality and improved management of the supply chain.
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Parrilla M, Guinovart T, Ferré J, Blondeau P, Andrade FJ. A Wearable Paper-Based Sweat Sensor for Human Perspiration Monitoring. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1900342. [PMID: 31293084 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication and performance of a wearable paper-based chemiresistor for monitoring perspiration dynamics (sweat rate and sweat loss) are detailed. A novel approach is introduced to measure the amount of aqueous solution in the order of microliters delivered to the sensor by monitoring a linear change in resistance along a conducting paper. The wearable sensor is based on a single-walled carbon nanotubes and surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate) nanocomposite integrated within cellulose fibers of a conventional filter paper. The analytical performance and the sensing mechanism are presented. Monitoring sweat loss in the human body while exercising is demonstrated using the integration of a wireless reader and a user-friendly interface. By addressing the barriers of cost, simplicity, and the truly in situ demanding measurements, this unique wearable sensor is expected to serve in the future in many different applications involving the on-body detection of biofluids, such as a monitoring tool of dehydration levels for athletes as well as a tool for enhancing the sport performance by providing an accurate recovery of the hydration status in daily exercises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Parrilla
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili (URV) C/Marcel·l. Domingo 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Tomàs Guinovart
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili (URV) C/Marcel·l. Domingo 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Jordi Ferré
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili (URV) C/Marcel·l. Domingo 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Kamleon Ventures SL Av. Països Catalans 18 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Pascal Blondeau
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili (URV) C/Marcel·l. Domingo 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Francisco J. Andrade
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química OrgànicaUniversitat Rovira i Virgili (URV) C/Marcel·l. Domingo 1 43007 Tarragona Spain
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Meng L, Turner APF, Mak WC. Soft and flexible material-based affinity sensors. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 39:107398. [PMID: 31071431 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in biosensors and point-of-care (PoC) devices are poised to change and expand the delivery of diagnostics from conventional lateral-flow assays and test strips that dominate the market currently, to newly emerging wearable and implantable devices that can provide continuous monitoring. Soft and flexible materials are playing a key role in propelling these trends towards real-time and remote health monitoring. Affinity biosensors have the capability to provide for diagnosis and monitoring of cancerous, cardiovascular, infectious and genetic diseases by the detection of biomarkers using affinity interactions. This review tracks the evolution of affinity sensors from conventional lateral-flow test strips to wearable/implantable devices enabled by soft and flexible materials. Initially, we highlight conventional affinity sensors exploiting membrane and paper materials which have been so successfully applied in point-of-care tests, such as lateral-flow immunoassay strips and emerging microfluidic paper-based devices. We then turn our attention to the multifarious polymer designs that provide both the base materials for sensor designs, such as PDMS, and more advanced functionalised materials that are capable of both recognition and transduction, such as conducting and molecularly imprinted polymers. The subsequent content discusses wearable soft and flexible material-based affinity sensors, classified as flexible and skin-mountable, textile materials-based and contact lens-based affinity sensors. In the final sections, we explore the possibilities for implantable/injectable soft and flexible material-based affinity sensors, including hydrogels, microencapsulated sensors and optical fibers. This area is truly a work in progress and we trust that this review will help pull together the many technological streams that are contributing to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyin Meng
- Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Wing Cheung Mak
- Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
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Brandner JJ. In-Situ Measurements in Microscale Gas Flows-Conventional Sensors or Something Else? MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E292. [PMID: 31035685 PMCID: PMC6562918 DOI: 10.3390/mi10050292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Within the last few decades miniaturization has a driving force in almost all areas of technology, leading to a tremendous intensification of systems and processes. Information technology provides now data density several orders of magnitude higher than a few years ago, and the smartphone technology includes, as well the simple ability to communicate with others, features like internet, video and music streaming, but also implementation of the global positioning system, environment sensors or measurement systems for individual health. So-called wearables are everywhere, from the physio-parameter sensing wrist smart watch up to the measurement of heart rates by underwear. This trend holds also for gas flow applications, where complex flow arrangements and measurement systems formerly designed for a macro scale have been transferred into miniaturized versions. Thus, those systems took advantage of the increased surface to volume ratio as well as of the improved heat and mass transfer behavior of miniaturized equipment. In accordance, disadvantages like gas flow mal-distribution on parallelized mini- or micro tubes or channels as well as increased pressure losses due to the minimized hydraulic diameters and an increased roughness-to-dimension ratio have to be taken into account. Furthermore, major problems are arising for measurement and control to be implemented for in-situ and/or in-operando measurements. Currently, correlated measurements are widely discussed to obtain a more comprehensive view to a process by using a broad variety of measurement techniques complementing each other. Techniques for correlated measurements may include commonly used techniques like thermocouples or pressure sensors as well as more complex systems like gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, infrared or ultraviolet spectroscopy and many others. Some of these techniques can be miniaturized, some of them cannot yet. Those should, nevertheless, be able to conduct measurements at the same location and the same time, preferably in-situ and in-operando. Therefore, combinations of measurement instruments might be necessary, which will provide complementary techniques for accessing local process information. A recently more intensively discussed additional possibility is the application of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) systems, which might be useful in combination with other, more conventional measurement techniques. NMR is currently undergoing a tremendous change from large-scale to benchtop measurement systems, and it will most likely be further miniaturized. NMR allows a multitude of different measurements, which are normally covered by several instruments. Additionally, NMR can be combined very well with other measurement equipment to perform correlative in-situ and in-operando measurements. Such combinations of several instruments would allow us to retrieve an "information cloud" of a process. This paper will present a view of some common measurement techniques and the difficulties of applying them on one hand in a miniaturized scale, and on the other hand in a correlative mode. Basic suggestions to achieve the above-mentioned objective by a combination of different methods including NMR will be given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juergen J Brandner
- Staff Position Microstructures and Process Sensors (MPS), Institute of Microstructure Technology (IMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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19
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Min X, Bao C, Kim WS. Additively Manufactured Digital Microfluidic Platforms for Ion-Selective Sensing. ACS Sens 2019; 4:918-923. [PMID: 30855128 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Digital microfluidic (DMF) sensors integrated with circuit systems have been applied to a broad range of applications including biology, medicine, and chemistry. Compared with the conventional microfluidic devices that require extra liquid as a carrier and a complex pumping system to operate, DMF is an ideal platform for ion-selective sensing as it enables the droplet operation in a discrete, accurate, and automatic way. However, it is quite rare that DMF platform is utilized for the ion-selective detection. In this paper, we report an integrated DMF system which combines DMF and ion-selective sensing for facile blending of multiple ions, and detection of targeted primary ion. The platform is fabricated through an additive manufacturing method, together with the real-time droplet's motion monitoring feedback system. Thus, the fabricated system demonstrates controlled droplet manipulation ability including droplet actuation, mixing, and speed control. Targeted primary ion is selectively detected under concentration range from 10-6 to 1 M. The interference study with blended ions has been investigated through on-chip ion selective membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Min
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, British Columbia V3T 0A3, Canada
| | - Chao Bao
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, British Columbia V3T 0A3, Canada
| | - Woo Soo Kim
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, British Columbia V3T 0A3, Canada
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20
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Frankær CG, Rosenberg M, Santella M, Hussain KJ, Laursen BW, Sørensen TJ. Tuning the p K a of a pH Responsive Fluorophore and the Consequences for Calibration of Optical Sensors Based on a Single Fluorophore but Multiple Receptors. ACS Sens 2019; 4:764-773. [PMID: 30762336 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Since Sørensen and Bjerrum defined the pH scale, we have relied on two methods for determining pH, the colorimetric or the electrochemical. For pH electrodes, calibration is easy as a linear response is observed in the interesting pH range from 1 to ∼12. For colorimetric sensors, the response follows the sigmoidal Bjerrum diagram of an acid-base equilibrium. Thus, calibration of colorimetric sensors is more complex. Here, seven pH responsive fluorescent dyes based on the same diazaoxatriangulenium (DAOTA) fluorophore linked to varying receptor groups were prepared. Photoinduced electron transfer (PeT) quenching from appended aniline or phenol receptors generated the pH response of the DAOTA dyes, and the position of the p Ka value of the dye was tuned using the Hammett relationship as a guideline. The fluorescence intensity of the dyes in a sol-gel matrix environment was measured as a function of pH in universal buffer, and it was found that the dyes behave as perfect pH responsive probes under these conditions. The response of optical pH sensors is nonlinear and was found to be limited to 2-3 pH units for a precision of 0.01 pH unit. As sensors with a broader sensitivity range can be achieved by mixing multiple dyes with different p Ka values, mixtures of dyes in solution were investigated, and a broad range pH sensor with a precision of 0.006 pH units over a range of 3.6 pH units was demonstrated. Further, approximating the sensor response as linear was considered, and a limiting precision for this approach was determined. As the responses of the pH responsive DAOTA dyes were found to be ideally sigmoidal and as the six dyes were shown to have p Ka values scattered over a range from ∼2 to ∼9, this allows for design of a broad range optical pH sensor in the pH range from 1 to 10. This hypothesis was tested using quaternary mixtures of the different DAOTA dyes, and these were found to behave as a direct sum of the individual components. Thus, while linear calibration is limited to a precision of 0.02 in a range of 2-3 pH units, calibration using ideal sigmoidal functions is possible in the range of 1-10 with a precision better than 0.01, and as good as 0.002 pH units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian G. Frankær
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- FRS-systems ApS, Hovedgaden 20, 4621 Gadstrup, Denmark
| | - Martin Rosenberg
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Marco Santella
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | | | - Bo W. Laursen
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Thomas J. Sørensen
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- FRS-systems ApS, Hovedgaden 20, 4621 Gadstrup, Denmark
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21
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Yang Y, Gao W. Wearable and flexible electronics for continuous molecular monitoring. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:1465-1491. [PMID: 29611861 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00730b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 478] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Wearable biosensors have received tremendous attention over the past decade owing to their great potential in predictive analytics and treatment toward personalized medicine. Flexible electronics could serve as an ideal platform for personalized wearable devices because of their unique properties such as light weight, low cost, high flexibility and great conformability. Unlike most reported flexible sensors that mainly track physical activities and vital signs, the new generation of wearable and flexible chemical sensors enables real-time, continuous and fast detection of accessible biomarkers from the human body, and allows for the collection of large-scale information about the individual's dynamic health status at the molecular level. In this article, we review and highlight recent advances in wearable and flexible sensors toward continuous and non-invasive molecular analysis in sweat, tears, saliva, interstitial fluid, blood, wound exudate as well as exhaled breath. The flexible platforms, sensing mechanisms, and device and system configurations employed for continuous monitoring are summarized. We also discuss the key challenges and opportunities of the wearable and flexible chemical sensors that lie ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Yang
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
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22
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Hybrid dual-functioning electrodes for combined ambient energy harvesting and charge storage: Towards self-powered systems. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 126:275-291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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23
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Jiang Y, Ma J, Lv J, Ma H, Xia H, Wang J, Yang C, Xue M, Li G, Zhu N. Facile Wearable Vapor/Liquid Amphibious Methanol Sensor. ACS Sens 2019; 4:152-160. [PMID: 30584759 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Detection of methanol is a significant segment for body health and work safety in the production of chemical industry. However, there hardly exists highly selective methanol detection system with green environment for vapor or liquid adaptability, as well as large linear relationship. A facile wearable vapor/liquid amphibious electrochemical sensor for monitoring methanol has been carried out for the first time in this Article. This wearable methanol sensor was fabricated by using a simple screen-printing technology for accomplishing a microdevice platform, showing good linear relationship, high selectivity (multiple volatile chemical compounds), reliable repeatability, good stability, and excellent stretching and bending performance (nitrile glove-based sensor) without pretreatment or adding any polymers into inks. Owing to its good environmental adaptability of vapor or liquid and various sensing behaviors (high sensitivity and wide linear range) by being modified with different content of platinum catalyst, this methanol sensor would have tremendous potential application for environmental monitoring on smart wearable devices when employed based on various platforms (such as PET, cotton, and nitrile gloves).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Junlin Ma
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Jian Lv
- School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Hongting Ma
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Hongbo Xia
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Mianqi Xue
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Gongyi Li
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hu’nan 410073, China
| | - Nan Zhu
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
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24
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Meng Z, Stolz RM, Mendecki L, Mirica KA. Electrically-Transduced Chemical Sensors Based on Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2019; 119:478-598. [PMID: 30604969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrically-transduced sensors, with their simplicity and compatibility with standard electronic technologies, produce signals that can be efficiently acquired, processed, stored, and analyzed. Two dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, including graphene, phosphorene (BP), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), and others, have proven to be attractive for the fabrication of high-performance electrically-transduced chemical sensors due to their remarkable electronic and physical properties originating from their 2D structure. This review highlights the advances in electrically-transduced chemical sensing that rely on 2D materials. The structural components of such sensors are described, and the underlying operating principles for different types of architectures are discussed. The structural features, electronic properties, and surface chemistry of 2D nanostructures that dictate their sensing performance are reviewed. Key advances in the application of 2D materials, from both a historical and analytical perspective, are summarized for four different groups of analytes: gases, volatile compounds, ions, and biomolecules. The sensing performance is discussed in the context of the molecular design, structure-property relationships, and device fabrication technology. The outlook of challenges and opportunities for 2D nanomaterials for the future development of electrically-transduced sensors is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
| | - Robert M Stolz
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
| | - Lukasz Mendecki
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
| | - Katherine A Mirica
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
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Choosang J, Numnuam A, Thavarungkul P, Kanatharana P, Radu T, Ullah S, Radu A. Simultaneous Detection of Ammonium and Nitrate in Environmental Samples Using on Ion-Selective Electrode and Comparison with Portable Colorimetric Assays. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18103555. [PMID: 30347779 PMCID: PMC6210283 DOI: 10.3390/s18103555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple, robust, and low-cost nitrate- and ammonium-selective electrodes were made using substrate prepared from household materials. We explored phosphonium-based ILs and poly (methyl methacrylate)/poly(decyl methacrylate)(MMA-DMA) copolymer as matrix materials alternative to classical PVC-based membranes. IL-based membranes showed suitability only for nitrate-selective electrode exhibiting linear concentration range between 5.0 × 10-6 and 2.5 × 10-3 M with a detection limit of 5.5 × 10-7 M. On the other hand, MMA-DMA-based membranes showed suitability for both ammonium- and nitrate-selective electrodes, and were successfully applied to detect NO₃- and NH₄⁺ in water and soil samples. The proposed ISEs exhibited near-Nernstian potentiometric responses to NO₃- and NH₄⁺ with the linear range concentration between 5.0 × 10-5 and 5.0 × 10-2 M (LOD = 11.3 µM) and 5.0 × 10-6 and 1.0 × 10-3 M (LOD = 1.2 µM), respectively. The power of ISEs to detect NO₃- and NH₄⁺ in water and soils was tested by comparison with traditional, portable colorimetric techniques. Procedures required for analysis by each technique from the perspective of a non-trained person (e.g., farmer) and the convenience of the use on the field are compared and contrasted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jittima Choosang
- The Birchall Centre, Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK.
- Trace Analysis and Biosensor Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand.
| | - Apon Numnuam
- Trace Analysis and Biosensor Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand.
| | - Panote Thavarungkul
- Trace Analysis and Biosensor Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand.
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science5, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand.
| | - Proespichaya Kanatharana
- Trace Analysis and Biosensor Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Thailand.
| | - Tanja Radu
- School of Architecture, Building and Civil Engineering, Loughborough University, Ashby Road, LE113TU Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK.
| | - Sami Ullah
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences and Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK.
| | - Aleksandar Radu
- The Birchall Centre, Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK.
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Hoekstra R, Blondeau P, Andrade FJ. Distributed electrochemical sensors: recent advances and barriers to market adoption. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:4077-4089. [PMID: 29806065 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite predictions of their widespread application in healthcare and environmental monitoring, electrochemical sensors are yet to be distributed at scale, instead remaining largely confined to R&D labs. This contrasts sharply with the situation for physical sensors, which are now ubiquitous and seamlessly embedded in the mature ecosystem provided by electronics and connectivity protocols. Although chemical sensors could be integrated into the same ecosystem, there are fundamental issues with these sensors in the three key areas of analytical performance, usability, and affordability. Nevertheless, advances are being made in each of these fields, leading to hope that the deployment of automated and user-friendly low-cost electrochemical sensors is on the horizon. Here, we present a brief survey of key challenges and advances in the development of distributed electrochemical sensors for liquid samples, geared towards applications in healthcare and wellbeing, environmental monitoring, and homeland security. As will be seen, in many cases the analytical performance of the sensor is acceptable; it is usability that is the major barrier to commercial viability at this moment. Were this to be overcome, the issue of affordability could be addressed. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Hoekstra
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, c/. Marcel·lí Domingo, 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pascal Blondeau
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, c/. Marcel·lí Domingo, 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francisco J Andrade
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, c/. Marcel·lí Domingo, 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
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Hoekstra R, Blondeau P, Andrade FJ. IonSens: A Wearable Potentiometric Sensor Patch for Monitoring Total Ion Content in Sweat. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Hoekstra
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry; Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus Sescelades, c/.; Marcel⋅lí Domingo, 1 Tarragona 43007 Spain
| | - Pascal Blondeau
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry; Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus Sescelades, c/.; Marcel⋅lí Domingo, 1 Tarragona 43007 Spain
| | - Francisco J. Andrade
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry; Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus Sescelades, c/.; Marcel⋅lí Domingo, 1 Tarragona 43007 Spain
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28
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McCaul M, Porter A, Barrett R, White P, Stroiescu F, Wallace G, Diamond D. Wearable Platform for Real-time Monitoring of Sodium in Sweat. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:1531-1536. [PMID: 29573322 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201701312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A fully integrated and wearable platform for harvesting and analysing sweat sodium concentration in real time during exercise has been developed and tested. The platform was largely produced using 3D printing, which greatly simplifies fabrication and operation compared to previous versions generated with traditional production techniques. The 3D printed platform doubles the capacity of the sample storage reservoir to about 1.3 ml, reduces the assembly time and provides simple and precise component alignment and contact of the integrated solid-state ion-selective and reference electrodes with the sorbent material. The sampling flowrate in the device can be controlled by introducing threads to enhance wicking of sweat from the skin, across the electrodes to the storage area. The platform was characterised in the lab and in exercise trials over a period of about 60 minutes continuous monitoring. Sweat sodium concentration was found to rise initially to approximately 17 mM and decline gradually over the period of the trial to about 11-12 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret McCaul
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Adam Porter
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Ruairi Barrett
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Paddy White
- Shimmer, DCU Alpha, Old Finglas Rd, Glasnevin, Dublin 11, Ireland D11 KXN4
| | - Florien Stroiescu
- Shimmer, DCU Alpha, Old Finglas Rd, Glasnevin, Dublin 11, Ireland D11 KXN4
| | - Gordon Wallace
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Dermot Diamond
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
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29
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Ciui B, Martin A, Mishra RK, Brunetti B, Nakagawa T, Dawkins TJ, Lyu M, Cristea C, Sandulescu R, Wang J. Wearable Wireless Tyrosinase Bandage and Microneedle Sensors: Toward Melanoma Screening. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701264. [PMID: 29345430 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Wearable bendable bandage-based sensor and a minimally invasive microneedle biosensor are described toward rapid screening of skin melanoma. These wearable electrochemical sensors are capable of detecting the presence of the tyrosinase (TYR) enzyme cancer biomarker in the presence of its catechol substrate, immobilized on the transducer surface. In the presence of the surface TYR biomarker, the immobilized catechol is rapidly converted to benzoquinone that is detected amperometrically, with a current signal proportional to the TYR level. The flexible epidermal bandage sensor relies on printing stress-enduring inks which display good resiliency against mechanical deformations, whereas the hollow microneedle device is filled with catechol-coated carbon paste for assessing tissue TYR levels. The bandage sensor can thus be used directly on the skin whereas microneedle device can reach melanoma tissues under the skin. Both wearable sensors are interfaced to an ultralight flexible electronic board, which transmits data wirelessly to a mobile device. The analytical performance of the resulting bandage and microneedle sensing systems are evaluated using TYR-containing agarose phantom gel and porcine skin. The new integrated conformal portable sensing platforms hold considerable promise for decentralized melanoma screening, and can be extended to the screening of other key biomarkers in skin moles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Ciui
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Analytical Chemistry Department, UMF, Cluj-Napoca, 400349, Romania
| | - Aida Martin
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Rupesh K Mishra
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Barbara Brunetti
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- DeFENS, University of Milan, Milan, I-20133, Italy
| | - Tatsuo Nakagawa
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Thomas J Dawkins
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Mengjia Lyu
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Cecilia Cristea
- Analytical Chemistry Department, UMF, Cluj-Napoca, 400349, Romania
| | | | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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30
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Xu WZ, Liu WY, Zhou TT, Yang YT, Li W. A novel fluorescein-based "turn-on" probe for the detection of hydrazine and its application in living cells. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 193:324-329. [PMID: 29268232 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We constructed a novel probe for hydrazine detection based on ICT and PET mechanism. Phthalimide and acetyl ester groups were used as the recognition units. Addition of hydrazine produced a turn-on fluorescence at 525nm along with the fluorescent color change from dark to yellow. The probe could selectively detect hydrazine over other related interfering species. The detection limit of the probe for hydrazine was calculated to be 0.057μM which was lower than the EPA standard (0.320μM). Furthermore, the probe could also be applied for the imaging of hydrazine in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zhi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Wei-Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Yu-Tao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China.
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China.
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31
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A modularized and flexible sensor based on MWCNT/PDMS composite film for on-site electrochemical analysis. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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32
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Smith MK, Mirica KA. Self-Organized Frameworks on Textiles (SOFT): Conductive Fabrics for Simultaneous Sensing, Capture, and Filtration of Gases. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:16759-16767. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Merry K. Smith
- Department of Chemistry,
Burke Laboratory, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Katherine A. Mirica
- Department of Chemistry,
Burke Laboratory, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
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33
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Wang S, Wu Y, Gu Y, Li T, Luo H, Li LH, Bai Y, Li L, Liu L, Cao Y, Ding H, Zhang T. Wearable Sweatband Sensor Platform Based on Gold Nanodendrite Array as Efficient Solid Contact of Ion-Selective Electrode. Anal Chem 2017; 89:10224-10231. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Wang
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongjin Wu
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Gu
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tie Li
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Luo
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lian-Hui Li
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Bai
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Li
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Liu
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yudong Cao
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Ding
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhang
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, People’s Republic of China
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34
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Liu S, Wang L, Feng X, Wang Z, Xu Q, Bai S, Qin Y, Wang ZL. Ultrasensitive 2D ZnO Piezotronic Transistor Array for High Resolution Tactile Imaging. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1606346. [PMID: 28218797 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201606346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a new kind of 2D piezotronic transistor (PT) with the highest sensitivity till date has been designed and demonstrated, and the 2DPT array with ultrahigh spatial resolution has been developed through assembling ZnO nanoplatelets into ordered nanoplatelet array. As active sensors by directly converting applied mechanical actuations into electrical control signals without applying gate voltage, the ZnO 2DPT array has a great advantage as a fundamental component of piezotronics. The 2DPT array paves the way for a large-scale and integrated production of two terminal vertical transistors, which will contribute to its application in many fields such as human-machine interfacing, smart sensor, and processor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhai Liu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100083, China
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, China
| | - Longfei Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaolong Feng
- Microsystems and Terahertz Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610200, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Suo Bai
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Yong Qin
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100083, China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
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35
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Arakawa T, Sato T, Iitani K, Toma K, Mitsubayashi K. Fluorometric Biosniffer Camera "Sniff-Cam" for Direct Imaging of Gaseous Ethanol in Breath and Transdermal Vapor. Anal Chem 2017; 89:4495-4501. [PMID: 28362084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Various volatile organic compounds can be found in human transpiration, breath and body odor. In this paper, a novel two-dimensional fluorometric imaging system, known as a "sniffer-cam" for ethanol vapor released from human breath and palm skin was constructed and validated. This imaging system measures ethanol vapor concentrations as intensities of fluorescence through an enzymatic reaction induced by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). The imaging system consisted of multiple ultraviolet light emitting diode (UV-LED) excitation sheet, an ADH enzyme immobilized mesh substrate and a high-sensitive CCD camera. This imaging system uses ADH for recognition of ethanol vapor. It measures ethanol vapor by measuring fluorescence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), which is produced by an enzymatic reaction on the mesh. This NADH fluorometric imaging system achieved the two-dimensional real-time imaging of ethanol vapor distribution (0.5-200 ppm). The system showed rapid and accurate responses and a visible measurement, which could lead to an analysis of metabolism function at real time in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Arakawa
- Department of Biomedical Devices and Instrumentation, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sato
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Kenta Iitani
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Koji Toma
- Department of Biomedical Devices and Instrumentation, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Kohji Mitsubayashi
- Department of Biomedical Devices and Instrumentation, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.,Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
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36
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Nanostructured Inorganic Materials at Work in Electrochemical Sensing and Biofuel Cells. Catalysts 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/catal7010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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37
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Jun J, Oh J, Shin DH, Kim SG, Lee JS, Kim W, Jang J. Wireless, Room Temperature Volatile Organic Compound Sensor Based on Polypyrrole Nanoparticle Immobilized Ultrahigh Frequency Radio Frequency Identification Tag. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:33139-33147. [PMID: 27934182 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Due to rapid advances in technology which have contributed to the development of portable equipment, highly sensitive and selective sensor technology is in demand. In particular, many approaches to the modification of wireless sensor systems have been studied. Wireless systems have many advantages, including unobtrusive installation, high nodal densities, low cost, and potential commercial applications. In this study, we fabricated radio frequency identification (RFID)-based wireless sensor systems using carboxyl group functionalized polypyrrole (C-PPy) nanoparticles (NPs). The C-PPy NPs were synthesized via chemical oxidation copolymerization, and then their electrical and chemical properties were characterized by a variety of methods. The sensor system was composed of an RFID reader antenna and a sensor tag made from a commercially available ultrahigh frequency RFID tag coated with C-PPy NPs. The C-PPy NPs were covalently bonded to the tag to form a passive sensor. This type of sensor can be produced at a very low cost and exhibits ultrahigh sensitivity to ammonia, detecting concentrations as low as 0.1 ppm. These sensors operated wirelessly and maintained their sensing performance as they were deformed by bending and twisting. Due to their flexibility, these sensors may be used in wearable technologies for sensing gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaemoon Jun
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jungkyun Oh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Shin
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Sung Gun Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jun Seop Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Wooyoung Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jyongsik Jang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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38
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McCaul M, Barland J, Cleary J, Cahalane C, McCarthy T, Diamond D. Combining Remote Temperature Sensing with in-Situ Sensing to Track Marine/Freshwater Mixing Dynamics. SENSORS 2016; 16:s16091402. [PMID: 27589770 PMCID: PMC5038680 DOI: 10.3390/s16091402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ability to track the dynamics of processes in natural water bodies on a global scale, and at a resolution that enables highly localised behaviour to be visualized, is an ideal scenario for understanding how local events can influence the global environment. While advances in in-situ chem/bio-sensing continue to be reported, costs and reliability issues still inhibit the implementation of large-scale deployments. In contrast, physical parameters like surface temperature can be tracked on a global scale using satellite remote sensing, and locally at high resolution via flyovers and drones using multi-spectral imaging. In this study, we show how a much more complete picture of submarine and intertidal groundwater discharge patterns in Kinvara Bay, Galway can be achieved using a fusion of data collected from the Earth Observation satellite (Landsat 8), small aircraft and in-situ sensors. Over the course of the four-day field campaign, over 65,000 in-situ temperatures, salinity and nutrient measurements were collected in parallel with high-resolution thermal imaging from aircraft flyovers. The processed in-situ data show highly correlated patterns between temperature and salinity at the southern end of the bay where freshwater springs can be identified at low tide. Salinity values range from 1 to 2 ppt at the southern end of the bay to 30 ppt at the mouth of the bay, indicating the presence of a freshwater wedge. The data clearly show that temperature differences can be used to track the dynamics of freshwater and seawater mixing in the inner bay region. This outcome suggests that combining the tremendous spatial density and wide geographical reach of remote temperature sensing (using drones, flyovers and satellites) with ground-truthing via appropriately located in-situ sensors (temperature, salinity, chemical, and biological) can produce a much more complete and accurate picture of the water dynamics than each modality used in isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret McCaul
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Jack Barland
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - John Cleary
- Carlow Institute of Technology, Carlow, Ireland.
| | - Conor Cahalane
- National Centre for Geocomputation Ireland, Maynooth, Ireland.
| | - Tim McCarthy
- National Centre for Geocomputation Ireland, Maynooth, Ireland.
| | - Dermot Diamond
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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39
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Bandodkar AJ, Jeerapan I, Wang J. Wearable Chemical Sensors: Present Challenges and Future Prospects. ACS Sens 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 496] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amay J. Bandodkar
- Department
of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Itthipon Jeerapan
- Department
of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department
of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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40
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Sekretaryova AN, Eriksson M, Turner AP. Bioelectrocatalytic systems for health applications. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:177-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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41
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Parrilla M, Ferré J, Guinovart T, Andrade FJ. Wearable Potentiometric Sensors Based on Commercial Carbon Fibres for Monitoring Sodium in Sweat. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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42
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Rodrigues JF, Paulovich FV, de Oliveira MCF, de Oliveira ON. On the convergence of nanotechnology and Big Data analysis for computer-aided diagnosis. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:959-82. [PMID: 26979668 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.16.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
An overview is provided of the challenges involved in building computer-aided diagnosis systems capable of precise medical diagnostics based on integration and interpretation of data from different sources and formats. The availability of massive amounts of data and computational methods associated with the Big Data paradigm has brought hope that such systems may soon be available in routine clinical practices, which is not the case today. We focus on visual and machine learning analysis of medical data acquired with varied nanotech-based techniques and on methods for Big Data infrastructure. Because diagnosis is essentially a classification task, we address the machine learning techniques with supervised and unsupervised classification, making a critical assessment of the progress already made in the medical field and the prospects for the near future. We also advocate that successful computer-aided diagnosis requires a merge of methods and concepts from nanotechnology and Big Data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose F Rodrigues
- Institute of Mathematics & Computer Science, University of Sao Paulo (USP), 13560-970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando V Paulovich
- Institute of Mathematics & Computer Science, University of Sao Paulo (USP), 13560-970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria CF de Oliveira
- Institute of Mathematics & Computer Science, University of Sao Paulo (USP), 13560-970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo N de Oliveira
- Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, University of Sao Paulo (USP), CP 369, 13560-970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
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43
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Lisak G, Arnebrant T, Lewenstam A, Bobacka J, Ruzgas T. In Situ Potentiometry and Ellipsometry: A Promising Tool to Study Biofouling of Potentiometric Sensors. Anal Chem 2016; 88:3009-14. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Lisak
- Johan
Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, c/o Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, FIN-20500 Åbo-Turku, Finland
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden
- Biofilms-Research
Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Thomas Arnebrant
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden
- Biofilms-Research
Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Andrzej Lewenstam
- Johan
Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, c/o Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, FIN-20500 Åbo-Turku, Finland
- Faculty
of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH−University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Johan Bobacka
- Johan
Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, c/o Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, FIN-20500 Åbo-Turku, Finland
| | - Tautgirdas Ruzgas
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden
- Biofilms-Research
Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden
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44
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Manes G, Collodi G, Gelpi L, Fusco R, Ricci G, Manes A, Passafiume M. Realtime Gas Emission Monitoring at Hazardous Sites Using a Distributed Point-Source Sensing Infrastructure. SENSORS 2016; 16:s16010121. [PMID: 26805832 PMCID: PMC4732154 DOI: 10.3390/s16010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a distributed point-source monitoring platform for gas level and leakage detection in hazardous environments. The platform, based on a wireless sensor network (WSN) architecture, is organised into sub-networks to be positioned in the plant's critical areas; each sub-net includes a gateway unit wirelessly connected to the WSN nodes, hence providing an easily deployable, stand-alone infrastructure featuring a high degree of scalability and reconfigurability. Furthermore, the system provides automated calibration routines which can be accomplished by non-specialized maintenance operators without system reliability reduction issues. Internet connectivity is provided via TCP/IP over GPRS (Internet standard protocols over mobile networks) gateways at a one-minute sampling rate. Environmental and process data are forwarded to a remote server and made available to authenticated users through a user interface that provides data rendering in various formats and multi-sensor data fusion. The platform is able to provide real-time plant management with an effective; accurate tool for immediate warning in case of critical events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Manes
- Department of Information Engineering (DINFO), Università di Firenze, via Santa Marta 3 50139 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Collodi
- Department of Information Engineering (DINFO), Università di Firenze, via Santa Marta 3 50139 Firenze, Italy.
| | | | - Rosanna Fusco
- Eni Spa; Piazzale Enrico Mattei, 1 00144 Roma, Italy.
| | | | - Antonio Manes
- Netsens Srl, via S.Pertini 93 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy.
| | - Marco Passafiume
- Department of Information Engineering (DINFO), Università di Firenze, via Santa Marta 3 50139 Firenze, Italy.
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Wang J, Liu HB, Tong Z, Ha CS. Fluorescent/luminescent detection of natural amino acids by organometallic systems. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Lee JS, Oh J, Jun J, Jang J. Wireless Hydrogen Smart Sensor Based on Pt/Graphene-Immobilized Radio-Frequency Identification Tag. ACS NANO 2015; 9:7783-90. [PMID: 26060881 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b02024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen, a clean-burning fuel, is of key importance to various industrial applications, including fuel cells and the aerospace and automotive industries. However, hydrogen gas is odorless, colorless, and highly flammable; thus, appropriate safety protocol implementation and monitoring are essential. Highly sensitive hydrogen-gas leak detection and surveillance systems are needed; additionally, the ability to monitor large areas (e.g., cities) via wireless networks is becoming increasingly important. In this report, we introduce a radio frequency identification (RFID)-based wireless smart-sensor system, composed of a Pt-decorated reduced graphene oxide (Pt_rGO)-immobilized RFID sensor tag and an RFID-reader antenna-connected network analyzer to detect hydrogen gas. The Pt_rGOs, produced using a simple chemical reduction process, were immobilized on an antenna pattern in the sensor tag through spin coating. The resulting Pt_rGO-based RFID sensor tag exhibited a high sensitivity to hydrogen gas at unprecedentedly low concentrations (1 ppm), with wireless communication between the sensor tag and RFID-reader antenna. The wireless sensor tag demonstrated flexibility and a long lifetime due to the strong immobilization of Pt_rGOs on the substrate and battery-independent operation during hydrogen sensing, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Seop Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jungkyun Oh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jaemoon Jun
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jyongsik Jang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) , 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Recoverable hybrid enzymatic biofuel cell with molecular oxygen-independence. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 75:23-7. [PMID: 26283586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) have drawn great attentions because of its potential in energy conversion. However, designing of highly efficient EBFCs which can adapt to the anaerobic system is still a great challenge. In this study, we propose a novel hybrid enzymatic biofuel cell (HEBFC) which was fabricated by a glucose dehydrogenase modified bioanode and a solid-state silver oxide/silver (Ag2O/Ag) cathode. The as-assembled HEBFC exhibited an open circuit potential of 0.59V and a maximum power output of 0.281mWcm(-2) at 0.34V in air saturated buffer. Especially, due to the introduction of Ag2O/Ag, our HEBFC could also operate under anaerobic condition, while the maximum power output would reach to 0.275mWcm(-2) at 0.34V. Furthermore, our HEBFC had stable cycle operation and could keep high power output for a certain time as the result of the regeneration of Ag2O. Our work provides a new concept to develop EBFCs for efficient energy conversion in the future.
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Gowers SAN, Curto VF, Seneci CA, Wang C, Anastasova S, Vadgama P, Yang GZ, Boutelle MG. 3D Printed Microfluidic Device with Integrated Biosensors for Online Analysis of Subcutaneous Human Microdialysate. Anal Chem 2015; 87:7763-70. [PMID: 26070023 PMCID: PMC4526885 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
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This
work presents the design, fabrication, and characterization
of a robust 3D printed microfluidic analysis system that integrates
with FDA-approved clinical microdialysis probes for continuous monitoring
of human tissue metabolite levels. The microfluidic device incorporates
removable needle type integrated biosensors for glucose and lactate,
which are optimized for high tissue concentrations, housed in novel
3D printed electrode holders. A soft compressible 3D printed elastomer
at the base of the holder ensures a good seal with the microfluidic
chip. Optimization of the channel size significantly improves the
response time of the sensor. As a proof-of-concept study, our microfluidic
device was coupled to lab-built wireless potentiostats and used to
monitor real-time subcutaneous glucose and lactate levels in cyclists
undergoing a training regime.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Salzitsa Anastasova
- §School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Pankaj Vadgama
- §School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
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Textile-based sampling for potentiometric determination of ions. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 877:71-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Wang H, Park JD, Ren ZJ. Practical energy harvesting for microbial fuel cells: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:3267-77. [PMID: 25670167 DOI: 10.1021/es5047765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology offers sustainable solutions for distributed power systems and energy positive wastewater treatment, but the generation of practically usable power from MFCs remains a major challenge for system scale up and application. Commonly used external resistors will not harvest any usable energy, so energy-harvesting circuits are needed for real world applications. This review summarizes, explains, and discusses the different energy harvesting methods, components, and systems that can extract and condition the MFC energy for direct utilization. This study aims to assist environmental scientists and engineers to gain fundamental understandings of these electronic systems and algorithms, and it also offers research directions and insights on how to overcome the barriers, so the technology can be further advanced and applied in larger scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heming Wang
- †Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Jae-Do Park
- ‡Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado 80204, United States
| | - Zhiyong Jason Ren
- †Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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