1
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Pawlas J, André C, Rasmussen JH, Ludemann-Hombourger O. Brønsted Acid-Lewis Acid (BA-LA) Induced Final Deprotection/Peptide Resin Cleavage in Fmoc/ t-Bu Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis: HCl/FeCl 3 and AcOH/FeCl 3 as Viable PFAS-Free Alternatives for TFA. Org Lett 2024; 26:6787-6791. [PMID: 39073347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The widely used Fmoc/t-Bu solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) is hampered by relying on corrosive, per/polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) classified trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) as a universal protecting group (PG) removal/resin cleavage reagent. We report that suitable combinations of Brønsted acids (BAs) and Lewis acids (LAs) such as HCl/FeCl3 and AcOH/FeCl3 constitute viable alternatives for TFA as PFAS-free cleavage agents. Using water miscible dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and acetonitrile (MeCN) as solvents enabled diluting cleavage mixtures with suitable aqueous solutions, allowing for direct use in purification in which removal of >99.99% iron from an HCl/FeCl3 induced cleavage was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Pawlas
- PolyPeptide, Limhamnsvägen 108, PO Box 30089, 20061 Limhamn, Sweden
| | - Christophe André
- PolyPeptide, Bioparc 3, 850 Bd Sebastien Brant, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Jon H Rasmussen
- PolyPeptide, Limhamnsvägen 108, PO Box 30089, 20061 Limhamn, Sweden
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2
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Gong Y, Yan L, Guo Z. Na 2CO 3-promoted synthesis of thiocarbamates from isocyanates and thiols under mild conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:6277-6281. [PMID: 39040031 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob01068j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Here, we developed an efficient method for the synthesis of s-alkyl or aryl thiocarbamates catalyzed by Na2CO3 under mild conditions using alkyl or aryl isocyanates and thiophenols or thiols. In situ reaction with deuterated tetrahydrofuran (d8-THF) was carried out to investigate the reaction mechanism. This method has the advantages of high yield, good functional group tolerance and high atom economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbin Gong
- Scientific Instrument Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, P.R. China.
- Shanxi School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, P.R. China
| | - Leilei Yan
- Scientific Instrument Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, P.R. China.
| | - Zhiqiang Guo
- Scientific Instrument Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, P.R. China.
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3
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Xiong W, Lai G, Liu WH. A Type of Stable Amides Behaves as Acyl Transfer Reagents upon Visible-Light Irradiation through Self-Aromatization. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401619. [PMID: 38773843 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Organic molecules with light-modifiable reactivity are important in many fields because they can serve as the "switch" for light to trigger chemical processes. Herein, we disclose a new type of stable non-twisted amides, the reactivity of which can be turned on by light as acyl transfer reagents. Upon photo-activation, these amides react with various nucleophiles including amines, phenols, hydroxide, thiols, boronic acids, and alkynes either under metal-free or metal-catalysis conditions. This reactivity hinges on the design and synthesis of a photo-activatable reagent (7-nitro-5,6-dihydrophenanthridine), which undergoes self-aromatization enabled by an internal oxidant under light. This masked acyl donor group is anticipated to be useful in scenarios where light is preferred to trigger a chemical process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhang Xiong
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guoyin Lai
- Guangzhou Flower Flavours & Fragrances Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510442, China
| | - Wenbo H Liu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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4
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Zhou Y, Cai G, Wang Y, Guo Y, Yang Z, Wang A, Chen Y, Li X, Chen X, Hu Z, Wang Z. Microarray Chip-Based High-Throughput Screening of Neurofilament Light Chain Self-Assembling Peptide for Noninvasive Monitoring of Alzheimer's Disease. ACS NANO 2024; 18:18160-18175. [PMID: 38940834 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) starts decades before cognitive symptoms develop. Easily accessible and cost-effective biomarkers that accurately reflect AD pathology are essential for both monitoring and therapeutics of AD. Neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in blood and cerebrospinal fluid are increased in AD more than a decade before the expected onset, thus providing one of the most promising blood biomarkers for monitoring of AD. The clinical practice of employing single-molecule array (Simoa) technology for routine use in patient care is limited by the high costs. Herein, we developed a microarray chip-based high-throughput screening method and screened an attractive self-assembling peptide targeting NfL. Through directly "imprinting" and further analyzing the sequences, morphology, and affinity of the identified self-assembling peptides, the Pep-NfL peptide nanosheet with high binding affinity toward NfL (KD = 1.39 × 10-9 mol/L), high specificity, and low cost was characterized. The superior binding ability of Pep-NfL was confirmed in AD mouse models and cell lines. In the clinical setting, the Pep-NfL peptide nanosheets hold great potential for discriminating between patients with AD (P < 0.001, n = 37), mild cognitive impairment (P < 0.05, n = 26), and control groups (n = 30). This work provides a high-throughput, high-sensitivity, and economical system for noninvasive tracking of AD to monitor neurodegeneration at different stages of disease. The obtained Pep-NfL peptide nanosheet may be useful for assessing dynamic changes in plasma NfL concentrations to evaluate disease-modifying therapies as a surrogate end point of neurodegeneration in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Guoen Cai
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Yuanzhuo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuxin Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhimin Yang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yongshou Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Xuejie Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaochun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Zhiyuan Hu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Zihua Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
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5
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Janzen L, Miller RG, Metzler-Nolte N. Synthesis, characterisation and antimicrobial activity of supramolecular cobalt-peptide conjugates. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:10890-10900. [PMID: 38874585 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00907j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the synthesis and characterisation of four new supramolecular cobalt conjugates of antimicrobial peptides functionalised with terpyridine ligands (L). Peptides were chosen based on the well-established arginine-tryptophan (RW)3 motif, with terpyridine-derivatized lysine (Lys(tpy)) added to the sequence, or replacing tryptophan residues. Self-assembly of the antimicrobial peptides with Co(BF4)2·6H2O formed exclusively CoL2 dimers (for peptides with one tpy ligand each) and Co2L4 metallo-macrocycles (for peptides with two tpy ligands for each peptide), which could be 'locked' by oxidation of Co(+II) to Co(+III) with ammonium ceric nitrate. The Co-peptide complexes were characterised by mass spectrometry and in solution by NMR spectroscopy, including 2D diffusion ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) which confirmed the proposed stoichiometries. The antimicrobial activity of the novel peptides and their metallo-supramolecular assemblies was investigated by determination of their minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Complexation with cobalt increases the activity of the peptides in almost every case. Most of the new metal-peptide conjugates showed good activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including a multi-resistant S. aureus strain and the opportunistic pathogenic yeast C. albicans (down to 7 μmol l-1 for the most active Co2L4 derivate), a value that is increased five-fold compared to the lysine-derivatized peptide ligand alone. Interestingly, conjugates of the CoL2 type also showed decent activity against Gram-negative bacteria including the WHO-flagged problematic A. baumannii strain (down to 18 μmol l-1 for the most active derivative).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liudmila Janzen
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Inorganic Chemistry I - Bioinorganic Chemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Reece G Miller
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Inorganic Chemistry I - Bioinorganic Chemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Nils Metzler-Nolte
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Inorganic Chemistry I - Bioinorganic Chemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany.
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6
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Kennedy L, Sajjad M, Herrera MA, Szieber P, Rybacka N, Zhao Y, Steven C, Alghamdi Z, Zlatkov I, Hagen J, Lauder C, Rudolfova N, Abramiuk M, Bolimowska K, Joynt D, Lucero A, Ortiz GP, Lilienkampf A, Hulme AN, Campopiano DJ. Developing deprotectase biocatalysts for synthesis. Faraday Discuss 2024. [PMID: 38856717 DOI: 10.1039/d4fd00016a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Organic synthesis often requires multiple steps where a functional group (FG) is concealed from reaction by a protecting group (PG). Common PGs include N-carbobenzyloxy (Cbz or Z) of amines and tert-butyloxycarbonyl (OtBu) of acids. An essential step is the removal of the PG, but this often requires excess reagents, extensive time and can have low % yield. An overarching goal of biocatalysis is to use "green" or "enzymatic" methods to catalyse chemical transformations. One under-utilised approach is the use of "deprotectase" biocatalysts to selectively remove PGs from various organic substrates. The advantage of this methodology is the exquisite selectivity of the biocatalyst to only act on its target, leaving other FGs and PGs untouched. A number of deprotectase biocatalysts have been reported but they are not commonly used in mainstream synthetic routes. This study describes the construction of a cascade to deprotect doubly-protected amino acids. The well known Bacillus BS2 esterase was used to remove the OtBu PG from various amino acid substrates. The more obscure Sphingomonas Cbz-ase (amidohydrolase) was screened with a range of N-Cbz-modified amino acid substrates. We then combined both the BS2 and Cbz-ase together for a 1 pot, 2 step deprotection of the model substrate CBz-L-Phe OtBu to produce the free L-Phe. We also provide some insight into the residues involved in substrate recognition and catalysis using docked ligands in the crystal structure of BS2. Similarly, a structural model of the Cbz-ase identifies a potential di-metal binding site and reveals conserved active site residues. This new biocatalytic cascade should be further explored for its application in chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Kennedy
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Mariyah Sajjad
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Michael A Herrera
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Peter Szieber
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Natasza Rybacka
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Yinan Zhao
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Craig Steven
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Zainab Alghamdi
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Ivan Zlatkov
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Julie Hagen
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Chloe Lauder
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Natalie Rudolfova
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Magdalena Abramiuk
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Karolina Bolimowska
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Daniel Joynt
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Angelica Lucero
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Gustavo Perez Ortiz
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Annamaria Lilienkampf
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Alison N Hulme
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Dominic J Campopiano
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
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7
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Sharma A, Singh LR. An insight into the pharmacology of cysteine/methionine containing peptide drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116456. [PMID: 38691890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Since last century, peptides have emerged as potential drugs with >90 FDA approvals for various targets with several in the pipeline. Sulphur, in peptides is present either as thiol (-SH) from Cys or thioether from Met. In this review, all the peptides approved by FDA since 2000 containing sulphur have been included. Among them ∼50 % contains disulphide bridges. This clearly demonstrates the significance of disulphide bonds in peptide drugs. This can be achieved synthetically by using orthogonal protecting groups (PGs) for -SH. These PGs are compatible with Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis (SPPS), which is still the method of choice for peptide synthesis. The orthogonal PGs used for Cys thiol side chain protecting for disulphide bond formation have been included which are currently in use both by academia and industry from small scale to large scale synthesis. In addition, the details of the FDA approved drugs containing Cys and Met (or both) have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Sharma
- Department of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India; Chemical Science Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - L Ravithej Singh
- Chemical Science Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Fluoro-Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India.
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8
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Tanács D, Berkecz R, Bozsó Z, Tóth GK, Armstrong DW, Péter A, Ilisz I. Liquid Chromatographic Enantioseparation of Newly Synthesized Fluorinated Tryptophan Analogs Applying Macrocyclic Glycopeptides-Based Chiral Stationary Phases Utilizing Core-Shell Particles. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4719. [PMID: 38731937 PMCID: PMC11083430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the favorable features obtained through the incorporation of fluorine atom(s), fluorinated drugs are a group with emerging pharmaceutical importance. As their commercial availability is still very limited, to expand the range of possible candidates, new fluorinated tryptophan analogs were synthesized. Control of enantiopurity during the synthesis procedure requires that highly efficient enantioseparation methods be available. In this work, the enantioseparation of seven fluorinated tryptophans and tryptophan was studied and compared systematically to (i) develop analytical methods for enantioselective separations and (ii) explore the chromatographic features of the fluorotrytophans. For enantioresolution, macrocyclic glycopeptide-based selectors linked to core-shell particles were utilized, applying liquid chromatography-based methods. Application of the polar-ionic mode resulted in asymmetric and broadened peaks, while reversed-phase conditions, together with mobile-phase additives, resulted in baseline separation for all studied fluorinated tryptophans. The marked differences observed between the methanol and acetonitrile-containing eluent systems can be explained by the different solvation abilities of the bulk solvents of the applied mobile phases. Among the studied chiral selectors, teicoplanin and teicoplanin aglycone were found to work effectively. Under optimized conditions, baseline separations were achieved within 6 min. Ionic interactions were semi-quantitatively characterized and found to not influence enantiorecognition. Interestingly, fluorination of the analytes does not lead to marked changes in the chromatographic characteristics of the methanol-containing eluents, while larger differences were noticed when the polar but aprotic acetonitrile was applied. Experiments conducted on the influence of the separation temperature indicated that the separations are enthalpically driven, with only one exception. Enantiomeric elution order was found to be constant on both teicoplanin and teicoplanin aglycone-based chiral stationary phases (L < D) under all applied chromatographic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dániel Tanács
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.T.); (R.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Róbert Berkecz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.T.); (R.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Zsolt Bozsó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.B.); (G.K.T.)
| | - Gábor K. Tóth
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.B.); (G.K.T.)
| | - Daniel W. Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019-0065, USA;
| | - Antal Péter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.T.); (R.B.); (A.P.)
| | - István Ilisz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.T.); (R.B.); (A.P.)
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9
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Vinayagam V, Sadhukhan SK, Botla DV, Chittem RR, Kasu SR, Hajay Kumar TV. Mild Method for Deprotection of the N-Benzyloxycarbonyl ( N-Cbz) Group by the Combination of AlCl 3 and HFIP. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5665-5674. [PMID: 38574289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report our findings on the novel ability of aluminum chloride (AlCl3) in fluorinated solvent 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol [HFIP] to selectively deprotect the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group (N-Cbz). The salient features of this method are good functional group tolerance including other reducible groups, cost-effectiveness, easy-to-handle, safe protocol, amenable to scale-up, high yields, and ambient temperature reactions. The methodology would serve as an excellent alternative to the use of pyrophoric hydrogen gas and metal catalyst reagents that pose severe safety and environmental concerns. The most notable feature of this methodology is the orthogonal deprotection of the N-Cbz group in the presence of O- and N-Bn protecting groups, hence, expanding the scope for designing synthetic routes to target compounds requiring multiple functional group transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinothkumar Vinayagam
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Curia India Pvt. Ltd (Formerly Albany Molecular Research, Hyderabad Research Centre), MN Park, Genome Valley, Turkapally 500078, Hyderabad, India
| | - Subir Kumar Sadhukhan
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Curia India Pvt. Ltd (Formerly Albany Molecular Research, Hyderabad Research Centre), MN Park, Genome Valley, Turkapally 500078, Hyderabad, India
| | - Durga Varaprasad Botla
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Curia India Pvt. Ltd (Formerly Albany Molecular Research, Hyderabad Research Centre), MN Park, Genome Valley, Turkapally 500078, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rajashekar Reddy Chittem
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Curia India Pvt. Ltd (Formerly Albany Molecular Research, Hyderabad Research Centre), MN Park, Genome Valley, Turkapally 500078, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sreenivasa Reddy Kasu
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Curia India Pvt. Ltd (Formerly Albany Molecular Research, Hyderabad Research Centre), MN Park, Genome Valley, Turkapally 500078, Hyderabad, India
| | - Tanguturi Venkatanarayana Hajay Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Curia India Pvt. Ltd (Formerly Albany Molecular Research, Hyderabad Research Centre), MN Park, Genome Valley, Turkapally 500078, Hyderabad, India
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10
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Kundu S, Maji MS. Solution-Phase Late-Stage Chemoselective Photocatalytic Removal of Sulfonyl and Phenacyl Groups in Peptides. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400033. [PMID: 38345998 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Herein, BPC catalyzed visible-light-triggered target-specific late-stage solution phase desulfonylation from tryptophan in oligopeptides is portrayed by overcoming the isolation issue up to octamers. This robust and mild method is highly predictable and chemoselective, tolerating myriad of functional groups in aza-heteroaromatics and peptides. Interestingly, reductive desulfonylation is also amenable to biologically significant reactive histidine and tyrosine side chains, signifying the versatility of the strategy. Additional efficacy of BPC is demonstrated by solution phase phenacyl deprotection from C-terminal in peptides. Furthermore, excellent catalyst loading of 0.5 mol% and recyclability demonstrate the practical utility and applicability of this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrat Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Modhu Sudan Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
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11
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Kekessie I, Wegner K, Martinez I, Kopach ME, White TD, Tom JK, Kenworthy MN, Gallou F, Lopez J, Koenig SG, Payne PR, Eissler S, Arumugam B, Li C, Mukherjee S, Isidro-Llobet A, Ludemann-Hombourger O, Richardson P, Kittelmann J, Sejer Pedersen D, van den Bos LJ. Process Mass Intensity (PMI): A Holistic Analysis of Current Peptide Manufacturing Processes Informs Sustainability in Peptide Synthesis. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4261-4282. [PMID: 38508870 PMCID: PMC11002941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Small molecule therapeutics represent the majority of the FDA-approved drugs. Yet, many attractive targets are poorly tractable by small molecules, generating a need for new therapeutic modalities. Due to their biocompatibility profile and structural versatility, peptide-based therapeutics are a possible solution. Additionally, in the past two decades, advances in peptide design, delivery, formulation, and devices have occurred, making therapeutic peptides an attractive modality. However, peptide manufacturing is often limited to solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), liquid phase peptide synthesis (LPPS), and to a lesser extent hybrid SPPS/LPPS, with SPPS emerging as a predominant platform technology for peptide synthesis. SPPS involves the use of excess solvents and reagents which negatively impact the environment, thus highlighting the need for newer technologies to reduce the environmental footprint. Herein, fourteen American Chemical Society Green Chemistry Institute Pharmaceutical Roundtable (ACS GCIPR) member companies with peptide-based therapeutics in their portfolio have compiled Process Mass Intensity (PMI) metrics to help inform the sustainability efforts in peptide synthesis. This includes PMI assessment on 40 synthetic peptide processes at various development stages in pharma, classified according to the development phase. This is the most comprehensive assessment of synthetic peptide environmental metrics to date. The synthetic peptide manufacturing process was divided into stages (synthesis, purification, isolation) to determine their respective PMI. On average, solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) (PMI ≈ 13,000) does not compare favorably with other modalities such as small molecules (PMI median 168-308) and biopharmaceuticals (PMI ≈ 8300). Thus, the high PMI for peptide synthesis warrants more environmentally friendly processes in peptide manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Kekessie
- Early Discovery
Biochemistry - Peptide Therapeutics, Genentech,
Inc., A Member of the Roche Group, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Katarzyna Wegner
- Active Pharmaceutical
Ingredient Development, Ipsen Manufacturing
Ireland Ltd., Blanchardstown
Industrial Park, Dublin 15, Ireland
| | - Isamir Martinez
- Green Chemistry
Institute, American Chemical Society, 1155 16th St North West, Washington, District of Columbia, 20036, United
States
| | - Michael E. Kopach
- Synthetic
Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly
and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Timothy D. White
- Synthetic
Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly
and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Janine K. Tom
- Drug Substance
Technologies, Amgen, Inc., 1 Amgen Center Drive, Thousand
Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Martin N. Kenworthy
- Chemical
Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Fabrice Gallou
- Chemical
& Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma
AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - John Lopez
- Chemical
& Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma
AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan G. Koenig
- Small
Molecule
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech, Inc.,
A Member of the Roche Group, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Philippa R. Payne
- Outsourced
Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Development & Manufacturing, Gilead Alberta ULC, 1021 Hayter Rd NW, Edmonton, T6S 1A1, Canada
| | - Stefan Eissler
- Bachem
AG, Hauptstrasse 144, 4416 Bubendorf, Switzerland
| | - Balasubramanian Arumugam
- Chemical
Macromolecule Division, Asymchem Life Science
(Tianjin) Co., Ltd., 71 Seventh Avenue, TEDA Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Changfeng Li
- Chemical
Macromolecule Division, Asymchem Life Science
(Tianjin) Co., Ltd., 71 Seventh Avenue, TEDA Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Subha Mukherjee
- Chemical
Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | | | | | - Paul Richardson
- Chemistry, Pfizer, 10578 Science Center Drive (CB6), San Diego, California 09121, United States
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12
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Mousapour M, Shirini F. Comparison of the effectiveness of two piperazine based nano-catalysts in the synthesis of benzoxazoles and benzimidazoles and use of the powerful one in the N-Boc protection of amines. RSC Adv 2024; 14:9218-9227. [PMID: 38505388 PMCID: PMC10949119 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01300j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, a comparison between the catalytic activity of two piperazine based ionic liquids immobilized on ZnO NPs and SiO2 NPs is presented in the synthesis of benzoxazoles and benzimidazoles. These reactions are performed under solvent free conditions during appropriate reaction times with high yields. The catalyst obtained from ZnO-NPs (PINZS), as the more efficient one, is used for the efficient promotion of the N-Boc protection of amines. High chemoselectivity, no by-products, facile separation of the catalyst, short reaction times and no need for volatile organic solvents are the best features of the proposed methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mousapour
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Guilan Post Box: 1914 Rasht 41335-19141 Iran +98 131 3233262 +98 131 3233262
| | - Farhad Shirini
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Guilan Post Box: 1914 Rasht 41335-19141 Iran +98 131 3233262 +98 131 3233262
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13
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Wang X, Jin K. Robust Chemical Synthesis of "Difficult Peptides" via 2-Hydroxyphenol-pseudoproline (ψ 2-hydroxyphenolpro) Modifications. J Org Chem 2024; 89:3143-3149. [PMID: 38373048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The challenging preparation of "difficult peptides" has always hindered the development of peptide-active pharmaceutical ingredients. Pseudoproline (ψpro) building blocks have been proven effective and powerful tools for the synthesis of "difficult peptides". In this paper, we efficiently prepared a set of novel 2-(oxazolidin-2-yl)phenol compounds as proline surrogates (2-hydroxyphenol-pseudoprolines, ψ2-hydroxyphenolpro) and applied it in the synthesis of many well-known "difficult peptides", including human thymosin α1, amylin, and β-amyloid (1-42) (Aβ42).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Kang Jin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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14
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Scarpelli R, Bence R, Cano NCH, Procopio A, Wunderlin D, Nardi M. A Review on the Use of Deep Eutectic Solvents in Protection Reactions. Molecules 2024; 29:818. [PMID: 38398570 PMCID: PMC10893478 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the recent research on the application of eco-sustainable methods in organic chemistry, we have focused our attention on the derivatization processes for fundamental functional groups in organic chemistry, such as amino, hydroxyl and carbonyl groups. Protection reactions are needed to temporarily block a certain reactive site on a molecule. The use of green solvents in this context has made an excellent contribution to the development of eco-sustainable methods. In recent years, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have had great success as a new class of green solvents used in various chemical applications, such as extraction or synthetic processes. These solvents are biodegradable and nontoxic. In this framework, a list of relevant works found in the literature is described, considering DESs to be a good alternative to classic toxic solvents in the protection reactions of important functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Scarpelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Græcia, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.P.); (M.N.)
| | - Renata Bence
- ICYTAC, CONICET and Departamento Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Bv. Juan Filloy s/n, Córdoba 5000, Argentina; (R.B.); (D.W.)
| | - Natividad Carolina Herrera Cano
- ICYTAC, CONICET and Departamento Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Bv. Juan Filloy s/n, Córdoba 5000, Argentina; (R.B.); (D.W.)
| | - Antonio Procopio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Græcia, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.P.); (M.N.)
| | - Daniel Wunderlin
- ICYTAC, CONICET and Departamento Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Bv. Juan Filloy s/n, Córdoba 5000, Argentina; (R.B.); (D.W.)
| | - Monica Nardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Græcia, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.P.); (M.N.)
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15
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Zhao J, Liu X, Liu J, Ye F, Wei B, Deng M, Li T, Huang P, Wang P. Chemical Synthesis Creates Single Glycoforms of the Ectodomain of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Glycoprotein D. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2615-2623. [PMID: 38117537 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) utilizes multiple viral surface glycoproteins to trigger virus entry and fusion. Among these glycoproteins, glycoprotein D (gD) functions as a receptor-binding protein, which makes it an attractive target for the development of vaccines against HSV-1 infection. Several recombinant gD subunit vaccines have been investigated in both preclinical and clinical phases with varying degrees of success. It is fundamentally critical to explore the functions of gD glycans. In light of this, we report an efficient synthetic platform to construct glycosylated gDs bearing homogeneous glycans at N94 and N121. The oligosaccharides were prepared by enzymatic synthesis and conjugated to peptidyl sectors. The glycoproteins were constructed via a combination of 7-(piperazin-1-yl)-2-(methyl)quinolinyl (PPZQ)-assisted expressed protein ligation and β-mercapto amino acid-assisted-desulfurization strategies. Biological studies showed that synthetic gDs exhibited potent in vivo activity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Center for Chemical Glycobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinliang Liu
- Center for Chemical Glycobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jialin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Farong Ye
- Center for Chemical Glycobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bingcheng Wei
- Center for Chemical Glycobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Minggang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tiehai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Center for Chemical Glycobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Chemical Glycobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
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16
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Nobuta T, Tsuchiya N, Suto Y, Yamagiwa N. Hexylsilane-mediated direct amidation of amino acids with a catalytic amount of 1,2,4-triazole. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:703-707. [PMID: 38044816 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01722b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report amino acid amidation using hexylsilane and a catalytic amount of 1,2,4-triazole. The conventional protection/deprotection method for the α-amino group of amino acids is not required. The corresponding α-amino amides were obtained in moderate to good yields with low to no racemization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Nobuta
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60 Nakaorui Takasaki, Gumma, 370-0033, Japan.
| | - Nozomi Tsuchiya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60 Nakaorui Takasaki, Gumma, 370-0033, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Suto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60 Nakaorui Takasaki, Gumma, 370-0033, Japan.
| | - Noriyuki Yamagiwa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60 Nakaorui Takasaki, Gumma, 370-0033, Japan.
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17
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Hansen PR, Oddo A. Fmoc Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2821:33-55. [PMID: 38997478 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3914-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic peptides are important as drugs and in research. Currently, the method of choice for producing these compounds is solid-phase peptide synthesis. Here, we describe the scope and limitations of Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis. Furthermore, we provide a detailed protocol for Fmoc peptide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Robert Hansen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Alberto Oddo
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- , Måløv, Denmark
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18
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Scioli G, Marinaccio L, Bauer M, Kamysz W, Parmar A, Newire E, Singh I, Stefanucci A, Mollica A. New Teixobactin Analogues with a Total Lactam Ring. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1827-1832. [PMID: 38116416 PMCID: PMC10726481 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Teixobactin is a new antibiotic peptide with strong efficacy against several Gram-positive resistant bacteria, the structure of which is extremely difficult to obtain in the laboratory via multistep conventional synthesis. To face the increasing antibiotic resistant bacteria, it is fundamental to introduce new types of antibiotics with innovative mechanisms of action without resistance; thus, many scientists are studying and developing new methods to synthesize teixobactin analogues. In this work, seven Arg10-teixobactin analogues with a total lactam ring have been prepared via solid phase peptide synthesis. In order to obtain the total lactam ring, d-Thr8 was replaced by (2R,3S)-diamino-propionic acid. To verify their antimicrobial activity and efficacy, each analogue was tested with MIC against different resistant pathogens, showing an interesting activity for Nle11 containing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Scioli
- Department
of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”
Chieti-Pescara, Via dei
Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Lorenza Marinaccio
- Department
of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”
Chieti-Pescara, Via dei
Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marta Bauer
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kamysz
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anish Parmar
- Antimicrobial
Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Molecular and Clinical
Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Building, L69 3GA Liverpool, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, The Robert Robinson Laboratories, The University of Liverpool, L69 3BX Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Enas Newire
- Antimicrobial
Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Molecular and Clinical
Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Building, L69 3GA Liverpool, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, The Robert Robinson Laboratories, The University of Liverpool, L69 3BX Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ishwar Singh
- Antimicrobial
Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Molecular and Clinical
Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Building, L69 3GA Liverpool, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, The Robert Robinson Laboratories, The University of Liverpool, L69 3BX Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Azzurra Stefanucci
- Department
of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”
Chieti-Pescara, Via dei
Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Adriano Mollica
- Department
of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”
Chieti-Pescara, Via dei
Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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19
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Fan L, He M, Liu X, He F, Wu L, Yang G, Pan Z, Shi L, Wang C, Xu C. Direct access to carbamates via acylation of arylamines with dialkyl azodicarboxylates under metal-free conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:9037-9048. [PMID: 37933527 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01437a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel C-N coupling of various arylamines with dialkyl azodicarboxylates under metal-free conditions for the rapid assembly of carbamates has been achieved. This established protocol features mild reaction conditions, simple operation, broad substrate scope, moderate to excellent yields and good tolerance of functional groups. Moreover, the potential synthetic utility of products was exemplified by a series of intriguing chemical operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangxin Fan
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Mengyang He
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Xinyuan Liu
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Fangyu He
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Lulu Wu
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Guoyu Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Zhenliang Pan
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Lijun Shi
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Caixia Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Cuilian Xu
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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20
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Nandhini KP, Noki S, Brasil E, Albericio F, de la Torre BG. A safety-catch protecting group strategy compatible with Boc-chemistry for the synthesis of peptide nucleic acids (PNAs). Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8125-8135. [PMID: 37772422 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01348k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNAs) are an intriguing class of synthetic biomolecules with great potential in medicine. Although PNAs could be considered analogs of oligonucleotides, their synthesis is more like that of peptides. In both cases, a Solid-Phase Synthesis (SPS) approach is used. Herein, the advantage using Boc as a temporal protecting group has been demonstrated to be more favored than Fmoc. In this context, a new PNA SPS strategy has been developed based on a safety-catch protecting group scheme for the exocyclic nitrogen of the side-chain bases and the linker. Sulfinyl (sulfoxide)-containing moieties are fully stable to the trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) used to remove the Boc group, but they can be reduced to the corresponding sulfide derivatives, which are labile in the presence of TFA. The efficiency of this novel synthetic strategy has been demonstrated in the synthesis of the PNA pentamer H-PNA(TATCT)-βAla-OH.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Nandhini
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa.
| | - Sikabwe Noki
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa.
| | - Edikarlos Brasil
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa.
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa.
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franqués 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz G de la Torre
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.
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21
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Yeom S, Nam D, Bok KH, Kwon HK, Kim S, Lee SW, Kim HJ. Synthesis of S-Carbamidomethyl Cysteine and Its Use for Quantification of Cysteinyl Peptides by Targeted Proteomics. Anal Chem 2023; 95:14413-14420. [PMID: 37707799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Proteomics has played a central role in the identification of reliable disease biomarkers, which are the basis of precision medicine, a promising approach for tackling recalcitrant diseases such as cancer, that elude conventional treatments. Among proteomic methodologies, targeted proteomics employing stable isotope-labeled (SIL) internal standards is particularly suited for the clinical translation of biomarker information owing to its high throughput and accuracy in the quantitative analysis of patient-derived proteomes. Using SIL internal standards ensures the utmost level of confidence in detection and precision in targeted MS experiments. For successfully establishing assays based on targeted proteomics, it is crucial to secure broad coverage when selecting the SIL standard peptide panel. However, cysteinyl peptides have often been excluded because of cysteine's high chemical reactivity. To address this limitation, a new cysteine building block was developed by incorporating a sulfhydryl group configured with an S-carbamidomethyl group, which is commonly used in proteome sampling. This compound was found to be chemically stable and applicable to a variety of solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) campaigns. Furthermore, a direct comparison of the synthesized SIL peptides and tryptic endogenous peptides demonstrated the potential utility of an SPPS flow based on the new cysteine building block for improving the success of targeted proteomic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyeon Yeom
- Department of Chemistry and Center for ProteoGenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dowoon Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Center for ProteoGenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon Hee Bok
- Department of Chemistry and Center for ProteoGenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Kyeong Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Center for ProteoGenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Center for ProteoGenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Center for ProteoGenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Joong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Center for ProteoGenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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22
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Liang Y, Zhou X, Gopi S, Wang R. Distinct selectivity inside self-assembled coordination cages. Front Chem 2023; 11:1269471. [PMID: 37731456 PMCID: PMC10507711 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1269471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular containers have long been applied to regulate organic reactions with distinct selectivity, owing to their diverse functions such as the ability to pose a guest molecule(s) with a certain orientation and conformation. In this review, we try to illustrate how self-assembled coordination cages could achieve this goal. Two representative cage hosts, namely, self-assembled Pd(II)-ligand octahedral coordination cages ([Pd6L4]12+) and self-assembled Ga(III)-ligand tetrahedral coordination cages ([Ga4L6]12-) are selected as the pilot hosts that this mini review covers. Representative works in this area are presented here in brief.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sreeraj Gopi
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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23
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Bugatti K. A Brief Guide to Preparing a Peptide-Drug Conjugate. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300254. [PMID: 37288718 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) have recently emerged as interesting hybrid constructs not only for targeted therapy, but also for the early diagnosis of different pathologies. In most cases, the crucial step in the PDC synthesis is the final conjugation step, where a specific drug is bound to a particular peptide-/peptidomimetic-targeting unit. Thus, this concept paper aims to give a short guide to determining the finest conjugation reaction, by considering in particular the reaction conditions, the stability of the linker and the major pros and cons of each reaction. Based on the recent PDCs reported in literature, the most common and efficient conjugation methods will be systematically presented and compared, generating a short guide to consult while planning the synthesis of a novel peptide-drug conjugate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Bugatti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
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24
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Zhou Y, Li H, Huang Y, Li J, Deng G, Chen G, Xi Z, Zhou C. Suppression of alpha-carbon racemization in peptide synthesis based on a thiol-labile amino protecting group. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5324. [PMID: 37658053 PMCID: PMC10474026 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In conventional solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), α-amino groups are protected with alkoxycarbonyl groups (e.g., 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl [Fmoc]). However, during SPPS, inherent side reactions of the protected amino acids (e.g., α-C racemization and aspartimide formation) generate by-products that are hard to remove. Herein, we report a thiol-labile amino protecting group for SPPS, the 2,4-dinitro-6-phenyl-benzene sulfenyl (DNPBS) group, which is attached to the α-amino group via a S-N bond and can be quantitatively removed in minutes under nearly neutral conditions (1 M p-toluenethiol/pyridine). The use of DNPBS greatly suppresses the main side reactions observed during conventional SPPS. Although DNPBS SPPS is not as efficient as Fmoc SPPS, especially for synthesis of long peptides, DNPBS and Fmoc are orthogonal protecting groups; and thus DNPBS SPPS and Fmoc SPPS can be combined to synthesize peptides that are otherwise difficult to obtain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Hongjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Guiyu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Gong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhen Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chuanzheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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25
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Hasnowo LA, Larkina MS, Plotnikov E, Bodenko V, Yuldasheva F, Stasyuk E, Petrov SA, Zyk NY, Machulkin AE, Vorozhtsov NI, Beloglazkina EK, Nenajdenko VG, Tolmachev V, Orlova A, Majouga AG, Yusubov MS. Synthesis, 123I-Radiolabeling Optimization, and Initial Preclinical Evaluation of Novel Urea-Based PSMA Inhibitors with a Tributylstannyl Prosthetic Group in Their Structures. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12206. [PMID: 37569582 PMCID: PMC10418939 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has been identified as a target for the development of theranostic agents. In our current work, we describe the design and synthesis of novel N-[N-[(S)-1,3-dicarboxypropyl]carbamoyl]-(S)-L-lysine (DCL) urea-based PSMA inhibitors with a chlorine-substituted aromatic fragment at the lysine ε-nitrogen atom, a dipeptide including two phenylalanine residues in the L-configuration as the peptide fragment of the linker, and 3- or 4-(tributylstannyl)benzoic acid as a prosthetic group in their structures for radiolabeling. The standard compounds [127I]PSMA-m-IB and [127I]PSMA-p-IB for comparative and characterization studies were first synthesized using two alternative synthetic approaches. An important advantage of the alternative synthetic approach, in which the prosthetic group (NHS-activated esters of compounds) is first conjugated with the polypeptide sequence followed by replacement of the Sn(Bu)3 group with radioiodine, is that the radionuclide is introduced in the final step of synthesis, thereby minimizing operating time with iodine-123 during the radiolabeling process. The obtained DCL urea-based PSMA inhibitors were radiolabeled with iodine-123. The radiolabeling optimization results showed that the radiochemical yield of [123I]PSMA-p-IB was higher than that of [123I]PSMA-m-IB, which were 74.9 ± 1.0% and 49.4 ± 1.2%, respectively. The radiochemical purity of [123I]PSMA-p-IB after purification was greater than 99.50%. The initial preclinical evaluation of [123I]PSMA-p-IB demonstrated a considerable affinity and specific binding to PC-3 PIP (PSMA-expressing cells) in vitro. The in vivo biodistribution of this new radioligand [123I]PSMA-p-IB showed less accumulation than [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 in several normal organs (liver, kidney, and bone). These results warrant further preclinical development, including toxicology evaluation and experiments in tumor-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutfi A. Hasnowo
- School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia or (L.A.H.); (E.S.)
- Polytechnic Institute of Nuclear Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Maria S. Larkina
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (M.S.L.); (E.P.); (V.B.); (F.Y.); (M.S.Y.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Evgenii Plotnikov
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (M.S.L.); (E.P.); (V.B.); (F.Y.); (M.S.Y.)
- Mental Health Reseach Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634014, Russia
| | - Vitalina Bodenko
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (M.S.L.); (E.P.); (V.B.); (F.Y.); (M.S.Y.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Feruza Yuldasheva
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (M.S.L.); (E.P.); (V.B.); (F.Y.); (M.S.Y.)
| | - Elena Stasyuk
- School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia or (L.A.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Stanislav A. Petrov
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Leninskie Gory, 1–3, Moscow 119991, Russia; (S.A.P.); (N.Y.Z.); (A.E.M.); (N.I.V.); (V.G.N.)
| | - Nikolai Y. Zyk
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Leninskie Gory, 1–3, Moscow 119991, Russia; (S.A.P.); (N.Y.Z.); (A.E.M.); (N.I.V.); (V.G.N.)
| | - Aleksei E. Machulkin
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Leninskie Gory, 1–3, Moscow 119991, Russia; (S.A.P.); (N.Y.Z.); (A.E.M.); (N.I.V.); (V.G.N.)
| | - Nikolai I. Vorozhtsov
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Leninskie Gory, 1–3, Moscow 119991, Russia; (S.A.P.); (N.Y.Z.); (A.E.M.); (N.I.V.); (V.G.N.)
| | - Elena K. Beloglazkina
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Leninskie Gory, 1–3, Moscow 119991, Russia; (S.A.P.); (N.Y.Z.); (A.E.M.); (N.I.V.); (V.G.N.)
| | - Valentine G. Nenajdenko
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Leninskie Gory, 1–3, Moscow 119991, Russia; (S.A.P.); (N.Y.Z.); (A.E.M.); (N.I.V.); (V.G.N.)
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Anna Orlova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75183 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Alexander G. Majouga
- Faculty of Chemistry, Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya sq. 9, Moscow 125047, Russia;
| | - Mekhman S. Yusubov
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (M.S.L.); (E.P.); (V.B.); (F.Y.); (M.S.Y.)
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26
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Grain B, Desmet R, Snella B, Melnyk O, Agouridas V. Incorporation of a Highly Reactive Oxalyl Thioester-Based Interacting Handle into Proteins. Org Lett 2023; 25:5117-5122. [PMID: 37384828 PMCID: PMC10353032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Providing biomolecules with extended physicochemical, biochemical, or biological properties is a contemporary challenge motivated by impactful benefits in life or materials sciences. In this study, we show that a latent and highly reactive oxalyl thioester precursor can be efficiently introduced as a pending functionality into a fully synthetic protein domain following a protection/late-stage deprotection strategy and can serve as an on-demand reactive handle. The approach is illustrated with the production of a 10 kDa ubiquitin Lys48 conjugate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Grain
- Univ.
Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 -
UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Rémi Desmet
- Univ.
Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 -
UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Benoît Snella
- Univ.
Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 -
UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- Univ.
Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 -
UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Vangelis Agouridas
- Univ.
Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 -
UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
- Centrale
Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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27
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Nakahara H, Sennari G, Noguchi Y, Hirose T, Sunazuka T. Development of a nitrogen-bound hydrophobic auxiliary: application to solid/hydrophobic-tag relay synthesis of calpinactam. Chem Sci 2023; 14:6882-6889. [PMID: 37389244 PMCID: PMC10306108 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01432k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last couple of decades, technologies and strategies for peptide synthesis have advanced rapidly. Although solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) and liquid-phase peptide synthesis (LPPS) have contributed significantly to the development of the field, there have been remaining challenges for C-terminal modifications of peptide compounds in SPPS and LPPS. Orthogonal to the current standard approach that relies on installation of a carrier molecule at the C-terminus of amino acids, we developed a new hydrophobic-tag carbonate reagent which facilitated robust preparation of nitrogen-tag-supported peptide compounds. This auxiliary was easily installed on a variety of amino acids including oligopeptides that have a broad range of noncanonical residues, allowing simple purification of the products by crystallization and filtration. We demonstrated a de novo solid/hydrophobic-tag relay synthesis (STRS) strategy using the nitrogen-bound auxiliary for total synthesis of calpinactam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Nakahara
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute and Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8641 Japan
| | - Goh Sennari
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute and Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8641 Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Noguchi
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute and Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8641 Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Hirose
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute and Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8641 Japan
| | - Toshiaki Sunazuka
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute and Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8641 Japan
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28
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Chinnadurai RK, Khan N, Meghwanshi GK, Ponne S, Althobiti M, Kumar R. Current research status of anti-cancer peptides: Mechanism of action, production, and clinical applications. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114996. [PMID: 37311281 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The escalating rate of cancer cases, together with treatment deficiencies and long-term side effects of currently used cancer drugs, has made this disease a global burden of the 21st century. The number of breast and lung cancer patients has sharply increased worldwide in the last few years. Presently, surgical treatment, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy strategies are used to cure cancer, which cause severe side effects, toxicities, and drug resistance. In recent years, anti-cancer peptides have become an eminent therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment due to their high specificity and fewer side effects and toxicity. This review presents an updated overview of different anti-cancer peptides, their mechanisms of action and current production strategies employed for their manufacture. In addition, approved and under clinical trials anti-cancer peptides and their applications have been discussed. This review provides updated information on therapeutic anti-cancer peptides that hold great promise for cancer treatment in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Chinnadurai
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidhyapeeth (Deemed-to-be-University), Pondicherry 607402, India
| | - Nazam Khan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saravanaraman Ponne
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry 605014, India
| | - Maryam Althobiti
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rajender Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.
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29
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Zhang J, Cao J, Zhou J, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Liu R. Direct Synthesis of Esters from Alkylarenes and Carboxylic Acids: The C-H Bond Dehydroesterification. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37276511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a reaction in which the benzyl C-H bonds of alkylarenes are directly esterified by carboxylic acids to produce benzyl esters in high yields is reported. This reaction is catalyzed by Pd nanoparticles (NPs) on N-doped carbon (CN) composites based on a carbonizing Al-MIL-101(NH2) material, and no oxidants or hydrogen acceptors are required. Use of o-alkylbenzoic acids as substrates leads to phthalides, whereas with carboxylic acids and alkylarenes as the feedstock, the reaction produces the benzyl esters. These reactions that use readily available alkylarenes instead of benzyl halides or benzyl alcohols as raw materials for one-step synthesis of benzyl esters without oxidants are inherently atom- and step-efficient. The CN composites and the CN-supported Pd NP catalysts were prepared and are well characterized. The proposed mechanism involves dehydrogenation of both the carboxylic groups and the benzylic groups and the transformation of benzylic C-H bond into the C-O bond via hydrogen abstraction from the benzylic group through an organopalladium intermediate. The kinetic isotope effect (kH/kD = 2.77) indicated that C(sp3)-H bond cleavage of the alkane aromatics is the rate-determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jianghan Cao
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiabin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yinglin Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhida Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Renhua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China
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30
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Hattori T, Yamamoto H. Trimethylaluminum-mediated one-pot peptide elongation. Chem Sci 2023; 14:5795-5801. [PMID: 37265739 PMCID: PMC10231425 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00208j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient and straightforward peptide bond formation of N-, and C-terminal unprotected amino acids was successfully achieved by using trimethylaluminum. The coupling reaction was accomplished by pre-reaction of N-, and C-terminal unprotected amino acids and trimethylaluminum to form a five-membered ring that smoothly reacted with nucleophilic amino acid esters. This simple and highly efficient reaction system allows one-pot tripeptide synthesis without the need for expensive coupling reagents. Furthermore, peptide bond formation can be effectively achieved even for amino acids with bulky substituents at the side chain to afford the corresponding tripeptides in high yields in a one-pot manner. In addition, the reaction can be applied for further peptide elongation by the subsequent addition of amino acids and trimethylaluminum. We anticipate that this cost-effective, straightforward, and efficient protocol will be useful for the synthesis of a wide variety of peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Hattori
- Peptide Research Center, Chubu University 1200 Matsumoto-cho Kasugai Aichi 487-8501 Japan
| | - Hisashi Yamamoto
- Peptide Research Center, Chubu University 1200 Matsumoto-cho Kasugai Aichi 487-8501 Japan
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31
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Adaro M, Ibáñez ÁGS, Origone AL, Vallés D, Guzmán F, Vega A, Barberis S. Enzymatic synthesis of new antimicrobial peptides for food purposes. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1153135. [PMID: 37260684 PMCID: PMC10227576 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1153135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing consumer awareness of the potential negative health effects of synthetic antibiotics has prompted the search for more natural preservatives that can improve the safety and quality of food. In this study we report the enzymatic synthesis of N-α-[Carbobenzyloxy]-Ile-Gln (Z-IQ) which is the precursor of Ile-Gln (IQ), a new antibacterial dipeptide, using an aqueous-organic biphasic system formed by 50% (v/v) ethyl acetate in 0.1 M Tris - HCl buffer pH 8. A partially purified proteolytic extract from the fruits of Solanum granuloso leprosum, named granulosain, proved to be a robust biocatalyst for the synthesis of Z-IQ, eliciting 71 ± 0.10% maximal peptide yield in the above described conditions. After cleaving and purifying IQ dipeptide, antimicrobial activity was assayed against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus hominis A17771, and Staphylococcus aureus C00195, and MIC values between 118 ± 0.01 μg/mL and 133.7 ± 0.05 μg/mL were obtained. In addition, IQ showed MIC of 82.4 ± 0.01 μg/mL and 85.0 ± 0.00 μg/mL against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Escherichia coli A17683, respectively. IQ did not show inhibitory activity against single-drug resistance (SDR) strains, such as Klebsiella oxytoca A19438 (SDR) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa C00213 (SDR), and against multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis I00125 (MDR). IQ also caused growth inhibition of Helicobacter pylori NCTC 11638 and three wild-type H. pylori strains, which are sensitive to AML, MTZ, LEV and CLA (H. pylori 659), resistant to LEV (H. pylori 661 SDR), and resistant to MTZ (H. pylori 662 SDR). Finally, this study contributes with a new dipeptide (IQ) that can be used as an antimicrobial agent for food preservation or as a safe ingredient of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Adaro
- Laboratorio de Bromatología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
- Instituto de Física Aplicada (INFAP) – CCT - San Luis - CONICET, Piso, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Ángel Gabriel Salinas Ibáñez
- Instituto de Física Aplicada (INFAP) – CCT - San Luis - CONICET, Piso, San Luis, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Anabella Lucia Origone
- Laboratorio de Bromatología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
- Instituto de Física Aplicada (INFAP) – CCT - San Luis - CONICET, Piso, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Diego Vallés
- Laboratorio de Biocatalizadores y sus Aplicaciones, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fanny Guzmán
- Laboratorio de Péptidos, Núcleo de Biotecnología Curauma, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Curauma, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Alba Vega
- Laboratorio de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Sonia Barberis
- Laboratorio de Bromatología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
- Instituto de Física Aplicada (INFAP) – CCT - San Luis - CONICET, Piso, San Luis, Argentina
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32
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Segovia R, Díaz-Lobo M, Cajal Y, Vilaseca M, Rabanal F. Linker-Free Synthesis of Antimicrobial Peptides Using a Novel Cleavage Reagent: Characterisation of the Molecular and Ionic Composition by nanoESI-HR MS. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041310. [PMID: 37111798 PMCID: PMC10141159 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficient preparation of novel bioactive peptide drugs requires the availability of reliable and accessible chemical methodologies together with suitable analytical techniques for the full characterisation of the synthesised compounds. Herein, we describe a novel acidolytic method with application to the synthesis of cyclic and linear peptides involving benzyl-type protection. The process consists of the in situ generation of anhydrous hydrogen bromide and a trialkylsilyl bromide that acts as protic and Lewis acid reagents. This method proved to be useful to effectively remove benzyl-type protecting groups and cleave Fmoc/tBu assembled peptides directly attached to 4-methylbenzhydrylamine (MBHA) resins with no need for using mild trifluoroacetic acid labile linkers. The novel methodology was successful in synthesising three antimicrobial peptides, including the cyclic compound polymyxin B3, dusquetide, and RR4 heptapeptide. Furthermore, electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is successfully used for the full characterisation of both the molecular and ionic composition of the synthetic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roser Segovia
- Section of Organic Chemistry, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Díaz-Lobo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), BIST (The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Cajal
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Vilaseca
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), BIST (The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Rabanal
- Section of Organic Chemistry, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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33
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Hatakenaka T, Kato T, Okamoto K. In Vitro and In Silico Studies on Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides Found in Hydrophobic Domains of Porcine Elastin. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083337. [PMID: 37110571 PMCID: PMC10140934 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most striking aspects of the primary structure in the hydrophobic domains of the tropoelastin molecule is the occurrence of the VAPGVG repeating sequence. Since the N-terminal tripeptide VAP of VAPGVG showed a potent ACE inhibitory activity, the ACE inhibitory activity of various derivatives of VAP was examined in vitro. The results showed that VAP derivative peptides VLP, VGP, VSP, GAP, LSP, and TRP exhibited potent ACE inhibitory activities, while the non-derivative peptide APG showed only weak activity. In in silico studies, the docking score S value showed that VAP derivative peptides VLP, VGP, VSP, LSP, and TRP had stronger docking interactions than APG. Molecular docking in the ACE active pocket showed that TRP, the most potent ACE inhibitory peptide among the VAP derivatives, had a larger number of interactions with ACE residues in comparison with APG and that the TRP molecule appeared to spread widely in the ACE pocket, while the APG molecule appeared to spread closely. Differences in molecular spread may be a reason why TRP exhibits more potent ACE inhibitory activity than APG. The results suggest that the number and strength of interactions between the peptide and ACE are important for the ACE- inhibitory potency of the peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiya Hatakenaka
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 808-0196, Japan
- Vital Resources Applied Laboratory, Inc., Iizuka 820-0067, Japan
| | - Tamaki Kato
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu 808-0196, Japan
| | - Kouji Okamoto
- Vital Resources Applied Laboratory, Inc., Iizuka 820-0067, Japan
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34
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De Rosa L, Hawala I, Di Stasi R, Stefania R, Capozza M, Nava D, D’Andrea LD. A Chemical Strategy for the Preparation of Multimodified Peptide Imaging Probes. J Org Chem 2023; 88:4546-4553. [PMID: 36988421 PMCID: PMC10088022 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Multimodality probes appear of great interest for innovative imaging applications in disease diagnosis. Herein, we present a chemical strategy enabling site-specific double-modification and cyclization of a peptide probe exploiting native chemical ligation (NCL) and thiol-maleimide addition. The synthetic strategy is straightforward and of general applicability for the development of double-labeled peptide multimodality probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia De Rosa
- Istituto
di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio
Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ivan Hawala
- Centro
di Imaging Molecolare, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e
Scienze per La Salute, Università
di Torino, via Nizza
52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Rossella Di Stasi
- Istituto
di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio
Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rachele Stefania
- Centro
di Imaging Molecolare, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e
Scienze per La Salute, Università
di Torino, via Nizza
52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Martina Capozza
- Centro
di Imaging Molecolare, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e
Scienze per La Salute, Università
di Torino, via Nizza
52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Donatella Nava
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università
di Milano, Via Venezian
21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Domenico D’Andrea
- Istituto
di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “G. Natta”, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Via M. Bianco 9, 20131 Milano, Italy
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35
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Rehkopf L, Seidel J, Sindlinger J, Wang M, Kirchgäßner S, Schwarzer D. Synthesis of Nε-acetyl-L-homolysine by the Lossen rearrangement and its application for probing deacetylases and binding modules of acetyl-lysine. J Pept Sci 2023; 29:e3462. [PMID: 36416071 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lysine acetylation is a posttranslational protein modification mediating protein-protein interactions by recruitment of bromodomains. Investigations of bromodomains have focused so far on the sequence context of the modification site and acyl-modifications installed at lysine side chains. In contrast, there is only little information about the impact of the lysine residue that carries the modification on bromodomain binding. Here, we report a synthesis strategy for L-acetyl-homolysine from L-2-aminosuberic acid by the Lossen rearrangement. Peptide probes containing acetylated homolysine, lysine, and ornithine were generated and used for probing the binding preferences of four bromodomains from three different families. Tested bromodomains showed distinct binding patterns, and one of them bound acetylated homolysine with similar efficiency as the native substrate containing acetyl-lysine. Deacetylation assays with a bacterial sirtuin showed a strong preference for acetylated lysine, despite a broad specificity for N-acyl modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Rehkopf
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julian Seidel
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Julia Sindlinger
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Mass Spectrometry Platform, Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Mary Wang
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sören Kirchgäßner
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Schwarzer
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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36
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Behring L, Ruiz-Gómez G, Trapp C, Morales M, Wodtke R, Köckerling M, Kopka K, Pisabarro MT, Pietzsch J, Löser R. Dipeptide-Derived Alkynes as Potent and Selective Irreversible Inhibitors of Cysteine Cathepsins. J Med Chem 2023; 66:3818-3851. [PMID: 36867428 PMCID: PMC10041539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
The potential of designing irreversible alkyne-based inhibitors of cysteine cathepsins by isoelectronic replacement in reversibly acting potent peptide nitriles was explored. The synthesis of the dipeptide alkynes was developed with special emphasis on stereochemically homogeneous products obtained in the Gilbert-Seyferth homologation for C≡C bond formation. Twenty-three dipeptide alkynes and 12 analogous nitriles were synthesized and investigated for their inhibition of cathepsins B, L, S, and K. Numerous combinations of residues at positions P1 and P2 as well as terminal acyl groups allowed for the derivation of extensive structure-activity relationships, which were rationalized by computational covalent docking for selected examples. The determined inactivation constants of the alkynes at the target enzymes span a range of >3 orders of magnitude (3-10 133 M-1 s-1). Notably, the selectivity profiles of alkynes do not necessarily reflect those of the nitriles. Inhibitory activity at the cellular level was demonstrated for selected compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Behring
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Gloria Ruiz-Gómez
- BIOTEC, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-51, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Trapp
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Maryann Morales
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Wodtke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Köckerling
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Teresa Pisabarro
- BIOTEC, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-51, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Reik Löser
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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37
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Bhatt MR, Zondlo NJ. Synthesis and conformational preferences of peptides and proteins with cysteine sulfonic acid. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2779-2800. [PMID: 36920119 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00179b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine sulfonic acid (Cys-SO3H; cysteic acid) is an oxidative post-translational modification of cysteine, resulting from further oxidation from cysteine sulfinic acid (Cys-SO2H). Cysteine sulfonic acid is considered an irreversible post-translational modification, which serves as a biomarker of oxidative stress that has resulted in oxidative damage to proteins. Cysteine sulfonic acid is anionic, as a sulfonate (Cys-SO3-; cysteate), in the ionization state that is almost exclusively present at physiological pH (pKa ∼ -2). In order to understand protein structural changes that can occur upon oxidation to cysteine sulfonic acid, we analyzed its conformational preferences, using experimental methods, bioinformatics, and DFT-based computational analysis. Cysteine sulfonic acid was incorporated into model peptides for α-helix and polyproline II helix (PPII). Within peptides, oxidation of cysteine to the sulfonic acid proceeds rapidly and efficiently at room temperature in solution with methyltrioxorhenium (MeReO3) and H2O2. Peptides containing cysteine sulfonic acid were also generated on solid phase using trityl-protected cysteine and oxidation with MeReO3 and H2O2. Using methoxybenzyl (Mob)-protected cysteine, solid-phase oxidation with MeReO3 and H2O2 generated the Mob sulfone precursor to Cys-SO2- within fully synthesized peptides. These two solid-phase methods allow the synthesis of peptides containing either Cys-SO3- or Cys-SO2- in a practical manner, with no solution-phase synthesis required. Cys-SO3- had low PPII propensity for PPII propagation, despite promoting a relatively compact conformation in ϕ. In contrast, in a PPII initiation model system, Cys-SO3- promoted PPII relative to neutral Cys, with PPII initiation similar to Cys thiolate but less than Cys-SO2- or Ala. In an α-helix model system, Cys-SO3- promoted α-helix near the N-terminus, due to favorable helix dipole interactions and favorable α-helix capping via a sulfonate-amide side chain-main chain hydrogen bond. Across all peptides, the sulfonate side chain was significantly less ordered than that of the sulfinate. Analysis of Cys-SO3- in the PDB revealed a very strong propensity for local (i/i or i/i + 1) side chain-main chain sulfonate-amide hydrogen bonds for Cys-SO3-, with >80% of Cys-SO3- residues exhibiting these interactions. DFT calculations conducted to explore these conformational preferences indicated that side chain-main chain hydrogen bonds of the sulfonate with the intraresidue amide and/or with the i + 1 amide were favorable. However, hydrogen bonds to water or to amides, as well as interactions with oxophilic metals, were weaker for the sulfonate than the sulfinate, due to lower charge density on the oxygens in the sulfonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megh R Bhatt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Neal J Zondlo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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38
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Antonenko A, Singh AK, Mosna K, Krężel A. OaAEP1 Ligase-Assisted Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Full Cysteine-Rich Metal-Binding Cyanobacterial Metallothionein SmtA. Bioconjug Chem 2023. [PMID: 36921066 PMCID: PMC10119931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Among all approaches used for the semisynthesis of natural or chemically modified products, enzyme-assisted ligation is among the most promising and dynamically developing approaches. Applying an efficient C247A mutant of Oldenlandia affinis plant ligase OaAEP1 and solid-phase peptide synthesis chemistry, we present the chemoenzymatic synthesis of a complete sequence of the cysteine-rich and metal-binding cyanobacterial metallothionein Synechococcus metallothionein A (SmtA). Zn(II) and Cd(II) binding to the newly synthesized SmtA showed identical properties to the protein expressed in Escherichia coli. The presented approach is the first example of the use of OaAEP1 mutant for total protein synthesis of metallothionein, which occurs in mild conditions preventing cysteine thiol oxidation. The recognition motif of the applied enzyme could naturally occur in the protein structure or be synthetically or genetically incorporated in some loops or secondary structure elements. Therefore, we envision that this strategy can be used for efficiently obtaining SmtA and for a wide range of proteins and their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Antonenko
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14a, Wrocław 50-383, Poland
| | - Avinash Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14a, Wrocław 50-383, Poland
| | - Karolina Mosna
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14a, Wrocław 50-383, Poland
| | - Artur Krężel
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14a, Wrocław 50-383, Poland
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39
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Jakob B, Diehl AM, Horst K, Kelm H, Manolikakes G. Palladium-catalyzed asymmetric three-component reaction between glyoxylic acid, sulfonamides and arylboronic acids for the synthesis of α-arylglycine derivatives. Front Chem 2023; 11:1165618. [PMID: 36993813 PMCID: PMC10040839 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1165618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed asymmetric three-component synthesis of α-arylglycine derivatives starting from glyoxylic acid, sulfonamides and arylboronic acids is reported. This novel, operationally simple method offers access to the α-arylglycine scaffold in good yields and enantioselectivities. The utilization of α tailored catalyst system enables the enantioselective synthesis of the desired α-arylglycines despite a fast racemic background reaction. The obtained products can be directly employed as building blocks in peptide synthesis.
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40
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Velty A, Corma A. Advanced zeolite and ordered mesoporous silica-based catalysts for the conversion of CO 2 to chemicals and fuels. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1773-1946. [PMID: 36786224 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00456a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
For many years, capturing, storing or sequestering CO2 from concentrated emission sources or from air has been a powerful technique for reducing atmospheric CO2. Moreover, the use of CO2 as a C1 building block to mitigate CO2 emissions and, at the same time, produce sustainable chemicals or fuels is a challenging and promising alternative to meet global demand for chemicals and energy. Hence, the chemical incorporation and conversion of CO2 into valuable chemicals has received much attention in the last decade, since CO2 is an abundant, inexpensive, nontoxic, nonflammable, and renewable one-carbon building block. Nevertheless, CO2 is the most oxidized form of carbon, thermodynamically the most stable form and kinetically inert. Consequently, the chemical conversion of CO2 requires highly reactive, rich-energy substrates, highly stable products to be formed or harder reaction conditions. The use of catalysts constitutes an important tool in the development of sustainable chemistry, since catalysts increase the rate of the reaction without modifying the overall standard Gibbs energy in the reaction. Therefore, special attention has been paid to catalysis, and in particular to heterogeneous catalysis because of its environmentally friendly and recyclable nature attributed to simple separation and recovery, as well as its applicability to continuous reactor operations. Focusing on heterogeneous catalysts, we decided to center on zeolite and ordered mesoporous materials due to their high thermal and chemical stability and versatility, which make them good candidates for the design and development of catalysts for CO2 conversion. In the present review, we analyze the state of the art in the last 25 years and the potential opportunities for using zeolite and OMS (ordered mesoporous silica) based materials to convert CO2 into valuable chemicals essential for our daily lives and fuels, and to pave the way towards reducing carbon footprint. In this review, we have compiled, to the best of our knowledge, the different reactions involving catalysts based on zeolites and OMS to convert CO2 into cyclic and dialkyl carbonates, acyclic carbamates, 2-oxazolidones, carboxylic acids, methanol, dimethylether, methane, higher alcohols (C2+OH), C2+ (gasoline, olefins and aromatics), syngas (RWGS, dry reforming of methane and alcohols), olefins (oxidative dehydrogenation of alkanes) and simple fuels by photoreduction. The use of advanced zeolite and OMS-based materials, and the development of new processes and technologies should provide a new impulse to boost the conversion of CO2 into chemicals and fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Velty
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 València, Spain.
| | - Avelino Corma
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 València, Spain.
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41
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Katayama Y, Watanabe K, Nishiyama Y, Yokoshima S. Fluorinated 2,6-Xylenesulfonyl Group: A Protective Group for Amines. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 36866525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a fluorinated 2,6-xylenesulfonyl group (fluorinated xysyl, fXs) as a protective group for amines. The sulfonyl group could be attached to amines by reactions with the corresponding sulfonyl chloride, and survived various conditions, including acidic, basic, and even reductive conditions. The fXs group could be cleaved by treatment with a thiolate under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Katayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kenta Watanabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yoshitake Nishiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yokoshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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42
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Fu X, Shang Y, Chen S, Dedkova LM, Hecht SM. Activation of d-Asparagine and d-Glutamine Derivatives Using the Mitsunobu Reaction. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 36800493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Seven d-amino acid derivatives having reactive side chains have been activated to afford their respective 3,5-dinitrobenzyl esters using the Mitsunobu reaction. This esterification was found to be difficult using traditional methods involving 3,5-dinitrobenzyl chloride under alkaline conditions. The conversion of a tRNA to the respective d-glutaminyl-tRNA using d-glutamine 3,5-dinitrobenzyl ester was catalyzed by a flexizyme, followed by purification to remove all the unacylated tRNAs and other byproducts. Both d- and l-glutamine were incorporated from their aminoacyl-tRNAs into a model peptide structurally related to IFN-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Fu
- Biodesign Center for Bioenergetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Yuqin Shang
- Biodesign Center for Bioenergetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Shengxi Chen
- Biodesign Center for Bioenergetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Larisa M Dedkova
- Biodesign Center for Bioenergetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Sidney M Hecht
- Biodesign Center for Bioenergetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.,School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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43
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Bartling CRO, Alexopoulou F, Kuschert S, Chin YKY, Jia X, Sereikaite V, Özcelik D, Jensen TM, Jain P, Nygaard MM, Harpsøe K, Gloriam DE, Mobli M, Strømgaard K. Comprehensive Peptide Cyclization Examination Yields Optimized APP Scaffolds with Improved Affinity toward Mint2. J Med Chem 2023; 66:3045-3057. [PMID: 36749163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c02017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Peptides targeting disease-relevant protein-protein interactions are an attractive class of therapeutics covering the otherwise undruggable space between small molecules and therapeutic proteins. However, peptides generally suffer from poor metabolic stability and low membrane permeability. Hence, peptide cyclization has become a valuable approach to develop linear peptide motifs into metabolically stable and potentially cell-permeable cyclic leads. Furthermore, cyclization of side chains, also known as "stapling", can stabilize particular secondary peptide structures. Here, we demonstrate that a comprehensive examination of cyclization strategies in terms of position, chemistry, and length is a prerequisite for the selection of optimal cyclic peptide scaffolds. Our systematic approach identifies cyclic APP dodecamer peptides targeting the phosphotyrosine binding domain of Mint2 with substantially improved affinity. We show that especially all-hydrocarbon stapling provides improved metabolic stability, a significantly stabilized secondary structure and membrane permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian R O Bartling
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Flora Alexopoulou
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sarah Kuschert
- Center for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, 4072Queensland, Australia
| | - Yanni K-Y Chin
- Center for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, 4072Queensland, Australia
| | - Xinying Jia
- Center for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, 4072Queensland, Australia
| | - Vita Sereikaite
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dennis Özcelik
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas M Jensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Palash Jain
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads M Nygaard
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper Harpsøe
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David E Gloriam
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mehdi Mobli
- Center for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, 4072Queensland, Australia
| | - Kristian Strømgaard
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100Copenhagen, Denmark
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44
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Koizumi H, Takeuchi K, Matsumoto K, Fukaya N, Sato K, Uchida M, Matsumoto S, Hamura S, Hirota J, Nakashige M, Choi JC. Direct Conversion of Low-Concentration CO 2 into N-Aryl and N-Alkyl Carbamic Acid Esters Using Tetramethyl Orthosilicate with Amidines as a CO 2 Capture Agent and a Catalyst. J Org Chem 2023; 88:5015-5024. [PMID: 36791400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the direct conversion of low-concentration CO2 (15 vol %), equivalent to the CO2 concentration in the exhaust gas from a thermal power station, into carbamic acid esters (CAEs), which are precursors for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and isocyanates. The reaction was performed using Si(OMe)4 as a nonmetallic regenerable reagent and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene as a CO2 capture agent and catalyst. This reaction system does not require the addition of metal complex catalysts or metal salt additives and is therefore simpler than our previously reported reaction system involving Ti(OR)4 and a Zn(II) catalyst. A variety of N-aryl, N-alkyl, and bis CAEs (precursors of polyurethane raw materials) were obtained in moderate to high yields (45-77% for 6 examples, 84-89% for 7 examples). In addition, bis CAEs were successfully synthesized from simulated exhaust gas containing impurities such as SO2, NO2, and CO or on a gram scale. We believe that this method can eliminate the use of toxic phosgene as the raw material for isocyanate production and mitigate CO2 emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Koizumi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Takeuchi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Matsumoto
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Norihisa Fukaya
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Sato
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masahito Uchida
- Tosoh Corporation, Advanced Materials Research Laboratory, 2743-1 Hayakawa, Ayase, Kanagawa 252-1123, Japan
| | - Seiji Matsumoto
- Tosoh Corporation, 3-8-2 Shiba, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 105-8623, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hamura
- Tosoh Corporation, 3-8-2 Shiba, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 105-8623, Japan
| | - Junya Hirota
- Tosoh Corporation, Technology Center, 4560 Kaiseicho, Shunan, Yamaguchi 746-8501, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakashige
- Tosoh Corporation, Technology Center, 4560 Kaiseicho, Shunan, Yamaguchi 746-8501, Japan
| | - Jun-Chul Choi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan
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45
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Borges A, Nguyen C, Letendre M, Onasenko I, Kandler R, Nguyen NK, Chen J, Allakhverdova T, Atkinson E, DiChiara B, Wang C, Petler N, Patel H, Nanavati D, Das S, Nag A. Facile de Novo Sequencing of Tetrazine-Cyclized Peptides through UV-Induced Ring-Opening and Cleavage from the Solid Phase. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200590. [PMID: 36471561 PMCID: PMC10099459 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
While most FDA-approved peptide drugs are cyclic, the robust cyclization chemistry of peptides and the deconvolution of cyclic peptide sequences by using tandem mass spectrometry render cyclic peptide drug discovery difficult. Here we present the successful design of cyclic peptides on solid phase that addresses both of these problems. We demonstrate that this peptide cyclization method using dichloro-s-tetrazine on solid phase allows successful cyclization of a panel of random peptide sequences with various charges and hydrophobicities. The cyclic peptides can be linearized and cleaved from the solid phase by simple UV light irradiation, and we demonstrate that accurate sequence information can be obtained for the UV-cleaved linearized peptides by using tandem mass spectrometry. The tetrazine linker used in the cyclic peptides can further be explored for inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reactions for screening or bioconjugation applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Borges
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main Street, 01610, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Chi Nguyen
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main Street, 01610, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Madison Letendre
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main Street, 01610, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Iryna Onasenko
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main Street, 01610, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Rene Kandler
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main Street, 01610, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ngoc K Nguyen
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main Street, 01610, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jue Chen
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main Street, 01610, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Tamara Allakhverdova
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main Street, 01610, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Emily Atkinson
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main Street, 01610, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Bella DiChiara
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main Street, 01610, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Caroline Wang
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main Street, 01610, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Noa Petler
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main Street, 01610, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Henna Patel
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main Street, 01610, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Dhaval Nanavati
- Global Protein Sciences, AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Dr, 01605, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Samir Das
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main Street, 01610, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Arundhati Nag
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, 950 Main Street, 01610, Worcester, MA, USA
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46
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Gelenter M, Bax A. Recombinant Expression and Chemical Amidation of Isotopically Labeled Native Melittin. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3850-3854. [PMID: 36753641 PMCID: PMC9951214 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications are ubiquitous in the eukaryotic proteome. However, these modifications are rarely incorporated in NMR studies of eukaryotic proteins, which are typically produced through recombinant expression in E. coli. Melittin is the primary peptide in honey bee venom. Its native C-terminal amide significantly affects its equilibrium structure and dynamics in solution and is thus a prerequisite for studying its native structure and function. Here, we present a method for producing triply isotopically labeled (2H, 13C, and 15N) native melittin through recombinant expression followed by chemical amidation. We then show that structural models produced with AlphaFold-Multimer are in even better agreement with experimental residual dipolar couplings than the 2.0 Å resolution X-ray crystal structure for residues G3-K23.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin
D. Gelenter
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0520, United States
| | - Ad Bax
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0520, United States
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47
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Arnodo D, De Nardo E, Ghinato S, Baldino S, Blangetti M, Prandi C. A Mild, Efficient and Sustainable Tetrahydropyranylation of Alcohols Promoted by Acidic Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202066. [PMID: 36459165 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A straightforward protocol to promote the tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols, using for the first time bioinspired acidic natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) as non-innocent reaction media under mild reaction conditions, was reported. This approach enables the preparation of several tetrahydropyranyl (THP) ethers starting from primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols in short reaction times and with high levels of chemoselectivity, working under air and without the need of additional catalyst. The sustainability of the methodology was further highlighted by its scalability and the easy recyclability of the NADES, allowing multigram preparations of THP ethers without any loss of the catalytic activity of the reaction media up to ten recycling steps. Telescoped, one-pot tetrahydropyranylation/nucleophilic acyl substitution transformations using the same eutectic mixture were also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Arnodo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Eugenio De Nardo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Simone Ghinato
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Salvatore Baldino
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Blangetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Cristina Prandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125, Torino, Italy
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48
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Karipal Padinjare Veedu D, Connal LA, Malins LR. Tunable Electrochemical Peptide Modifications: Unlocking New Levels of Orthogonality for Side-Chain Functionalization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215470. [PMID: 36336657 PMCID: PMC10107541 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical transformations provide enticing opportunities for programmable, residue-specific peptide modifications. Herein, we harness the potential of amidic side-chains as underutilized handles for late-stage modification through the development of an electroauxiliary-assisted oxidation of glutamine residues within unprotected peptides. Glutamine building blocks bearing electroactive side-chain N,S-acetals are incorporated into peptides using standard Fmoc-SPPS. Anodic oxidation of the electroauxiliary in the presence of diverse alcohol nucleophiles enables the installation of high-value N,O-acetal functionalities. Proof-of-principle for an electrochemical peptide stapling protocol, as well as the functionalization of dynorphin B, an endogenous opioid peptide, demonstrates the applicability of the method to intricate peptide systems. Finally, the site-selective and tunable electrochemical modification of a peptide bearing two discretely oxidizable sites is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya Karipal Padinjare Veedu
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Luke A Connal
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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49
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Li S, Rajeshkumar T, Liu J, Maron L, Zhou X. La-Catalyzed Decarbonylation of Formamides and Its Applications. Org Lett 2023; 25:163-168. [PMID: 36566387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the first catalytic decarbonylation and decarbonylative hydroamination of formamides without using additives enabled by a redox-neutral rare earth catalyst. The protocol displays complete N-aryl/alkenyl formamide-selectivity, thus providing a wide variety of creative uses of the N-formylation and N-deformylation method and opening up new prospects for minimizing waste and controlling the required selectivity in amine transformation events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaocheng Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | | | - Jincheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Xigeng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, China
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50
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Wang J, Wang W, Yang X, Liu J, Huang H, Chang M. Practical N-alkylation via homogeneous iridium-catalyzed direct reductive amination. Sci China Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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