1
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Patel S, Greenwood NS, Mercado BQ, Ellman JA. Rh(II)-Catalyzed Enantioselective S-Alkylation of Sulfenamides with Acceptor-Acceptor Diazo Compounds Enables the Synthesis of Sulfoximines Displaying Diverse Functionality. Org Lett 2024; 26:6295-6300. [PMID: 39004842 PMCID: PMC11292377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The Rh(II)-catalyzed enantioselective S-alkylation of sulfenamides with α-amide diazoacetates at 1 mol % catalyst loading to obtain sulfilimines in high yields and enantiomeric ratios of up to 99:1 is reported. The enantioenriched sulfilimine products incorporate versatile amide functionality poised for further elaboration to diverse sulfoximines with multiple stereogenic centers, including by highly diastereoselective sulfilimine and sulfoximine α-alkylation with alkylating agents and epoxides and by interconversion of the amide to N-tert-butanesulfinyl aldimines, followed by diastereoselective additions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | | | - Brandon Q. Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Jonathan A. Ellman
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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2
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Kumar R. Decennary Update on Oxidative-Rearrangement Involving 1,2-Aryl C-C Migration Around Alkenes: Synthetic and Mechanistic Insights. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400053. [PMID: 38741472 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, numerous methodologies on oxidative rearrangements of alkenes have been investigated, that produce multipurpose synthons and heterocyclic scaffolds of potential applications. The present review focused on recently established methodologies for oxidative transformation via 1,2-aryl migration in alkenes (2013-2023). Special emphasis has been placed on mechanistic pathways to understand the reactivity pattern of different substrates, challenges to enhance selectivity, the key role of different reagents, and effect of different substituents, and how they affect the rearrangement process. Moreover, synthetic limitations and future direction also have been discussed. We believe, this review offers new synthetic and mechanistic insight to develop elegant precursors and approaches to explore the utilization of alkene-based compounds for natural product synthesis and functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, Haryana (India
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3
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Wang Z, Ma R, Gu C, He X, Shi H, Bai R, Shi R. Zinc Promoted Cross-Electrophile Sulfonylation to Access Alkyl-Alkyl Sulfones. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2406228. [PMID: 38962907 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202406228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The transition metal-catalyzed multi-component cross-electrophile sulfonylation, which incorporates SO2 as a linker within organic frameworks, has proven to be a powerful, efficient, and cost-effective means of synthesizing challenging alkyl-alkyl sulfones. Transition metal catalysts play a crucial role in this method by transferring electrons from reductants to electrophilic organohalides, thereby causing undesirable side reactions such as homocoupling, protodehalogenation, β-hydride elimination, etc. It is worth noting that tertiary alkyl halides have rarely been demonstrated to be compatible with current methods owing to various undesired side reactions. In this work, a zinc-promoted cross-electrophile sulfonylation is developed through a radical-polar crossover pathway. This approach enables the synthesis of various alkyl-alkyl sulfones, including 1°-1°, 2°-1°, 3°-1°, 2°-2°, and 3°-2° types, from inexpensive and readily available alkyl halides. Various functional groups are well tolerated in the work, resulting in yields of up to 93%. Additionally, this protocol has been successfully applied to intramolecular sulfonylation and homo-sulfonylation reactions. The insights gained from this work shall be useful for the further development of cross-electrophile sulfonylation to access alkyl-alkyl sulfones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuochen Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Rui Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Chang Gu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqian He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chemical Theory and Mechanism, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Haiwei Shi
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Impurity Profile of Chemical Drugs, Jiangsu Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanjing, 210019, P. R. China
| | - Ruopeng Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chemical Theory and Mechanism, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Renyi Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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4
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Huang XK, Zhou HY, Liu GF, Ye BH. Template Synthesis of Cyclometalated Macrocycle Iridium(III) Complexes Based on Photoinduced C-N Cross-Coupling Reactions In Situ. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:24654-24664. [PMID: 38882114 PMCID: PMC11171095 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of metal macrocycle complexes holds paramount importance in coordination and supramolecular chemistry. Toward this end, we report a new, mild, and efficient protocol for the synthesis of cyclometalated macrocycle Ir(III) complexes: [Ir(L1)](PF6) (1), [Ir(L2)](PF6) (2), and [Ir(L3)](PF6) (3), where L1 presents 10,17-dioxa-3,6-diaza-2(2,8),7(8,2)-diquinolina-1,8(1,4)-dibenzenacyclooctadecaphane, L2 is 10,13,16,19,22,25-hexaoxa-3,6-diaza-2(2,8),7(8,2)-diquinolina-1,8(1,4)-dibenzenacyclohexacosaphane, and L3 is 4-methyl-10,13,16,19,22,25-hexaoxa-3,6-diaza-2(2,8),7(8,2)-diquinolina-1,8(1,4)-dibenzenacyclohexacosaphane. This synthesis involves the preassembly of two symmetric 2-phenylquinoline arms into C-shape complexes, followed by cyclization with diamine via in situ interligand C-N cross-coupling, employing a metal ion as a template. Moreover, the synthetic yield of these cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes, tethered by an 18-crown-6 ether-like chain, is significantly enhanced in the presence of K+ ion as a template. The resultant cyclometalated macrocycle Ir(III) complexes exhibit high stability, efficient singlet oxygen generation, and superior catalytic activity for the aerobic selective oxidation of sulfides into sulfoxides under visible light irradiation in aqueous media at room temperature. The photocatalyst 2 demonstrates recyclability and can be reused at least 10 times without a significant loss of catalytic activity. These results unveil a new and complementary approach to the design and in situ synthesis of cyclometalated macrocycle Ir(III) complexes via a mild interligand-coupling strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Kang Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Hai-Yun Zhou
- Instrumental Analysis and Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Gao-Feng Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Bao-Hui Ye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
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5
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Maitra PK, Bhattacharyya S, Hickey N, Mukherjee PS. Self-Assembly of a Water-Soluble Pd 16 Square Bicupola Architecture and Its Use in Aerobic Oxidation in Aqueous Medium. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15301-15308. [PMID: 38785321 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Designing supramolecular architectures with uncommon geometries has always been a key goal in the field of metal-ligand coordination-driven self-assembly. It acquires added significance if functional building units are employed in constructing such architectures for fruitful applications. In this report, we address both these aspects by developing a water-soluble Pd16L8 coordination cage 1 with an unusual square orthobicupola geometry, which was used for selective aerobic oxidation of aryl sulfides. Self-assembly of a benzothiadiazole-based tetra-pyridyl donor L with a ditopic cis-[(tmeda)Pd(NO3)2] acceptor [tmeda = N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine] produced 1, and the geometry was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. Unlike the typically observed tri- or tetrafacial barrel, the present Pd16L8 coordination assembly features a distinctive structural topology and is a unique example of a water-soluble molecular architecture with a square orthobicupola geometry. Efficient and selective aerobic oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides is an important challenge as conventional oxidation generally leads to the formation of sulfoxide along with toxic sulfone. Cage 1, designed with a ligand containing a benzothiadiazole moiety, demonstrates an ability to photogenerate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in water, thus enabling it to serve as a potential photocatalyst. The cage showed excellent catalytic efficiency for highly selective conversion of alkyl and aryl sulfides to their corresponding sulfoxides, therefore without the formation of toxic sulfones and other byproducts, under visible light in aqueous medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranay Kumar Maitra
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Soumalya Bhattacharyya
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Neal Hickey
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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6
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Roy B, Kuila P, Jha S, Sarkar D. BF 3·Et 2O-assisted synthesis of sulfinylated spiro[5.5]trienones from biaryl ynones. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4292-4296. [PMID: 38717327 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob02010j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Sulfinyls are valuable structural moieties used for developing synthetically new pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Herein, we disclose a straightforward synthesis of sulfinylated spiro[5.5]trienones proceeding via an unprecedented BF3·Et2O-promoted spirocyclization of biaryl ynones. The availability of relatively inexpensive BF3·Et2O to carry out transformations on a bulk scale along with its further application towards the synthesis of dibenzocyclohepten-5-ones delivers a unique opportunity to deploy it in various synthetic directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barnali Roy
- Department of Chemistry, NIT Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.
| | - Puspendu Kuila
- Department of Chemistry, NIT Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.
| | - Sangam Jha
- Department of Chemistry, NIT Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.
| | - Debayan Sarkar
- Organic Synthesis and Molecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, IIT Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 453552, India.
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7
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Leone M, Milton JP, Gryko D, Neuville L, Masson G. TBADT-Mediated Photocatalytic Stereoselective Radical Alkylation of Chiral N-Sulfinyl Imines: Towards Efficient Synthesis of Diverse Chiral Amines. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400363. [PMID: 38376252 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Herein we describe a sustainable and efficient photocatalytic method for the stereoselective radical alkylation of chiral sulfinyl imines. By employing readily available non-prefunctionalized radical precursors and the cost-effective TBADT as a direct HAT photocatalyst, we successfully obtain diverse chiral amines with high yields and excellent diastereoselectivity under mild conditions. This method provides an efficient approach for accessing a diverse array of medicinally relevant compounds, including both natural and synthetic α-amino acids, aryl ethyl amines, and other structural motifs commonly found in approved pharmaceuticals and natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Leone
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN) CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Joseph P Milton
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Luc Neuville
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN) CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- HitCat, Seqens-CNRS joint laboratory, Seqens'Lab, 8 Rue de Rouen, 78440, Porcheville, France
| | - Géraldine Masson
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN) CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- HitCat, Seqens-CNRS joint laboratory, Seqens'Lab, 8 Rue de Rouen, 78440, Porcheville, France
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8
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Plater MJ, Harrison WTA. Chiral Thianthrenes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4311. [PMID: 38673898 PMCID: PMC11050469 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The absolute configuration and stability of two thianthrene chiral sulfoxides has been determined by means of X-ray single-crystal structure determinations. The analyses and configurations allow verification that the diastereomeric sulfoxides are stable in solution and are not interconverting, which has been suggested in some studies of sulfoxides. The two thianthrene sulfoxides have slightly different Rf values, which allowed their separation using flash chromatography on silica. The spots run back-to-back, which posed a challenge for their separation. The pure, separated compounds in solution remain as separate, single spots on a Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) plate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. John Plater
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK
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9
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Hayashi M, Burtoloso ACB. Synthesis of gem-Difluorinated Keto-Sulfoxides from Sulfoxonium Ylides. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400108. [PMID: 38318729 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Organic molecules containing fluorine and sulfur atoms represent a large percentage of approved pharmaceuticals. Those with combination of both S and F atoms in their structure such as Xtandi, approved in 2012 for prostate cancer, indicates the importance of synthetic methods that accommodates both atoms in an organic moiety. In this study, a novel aspect of sulfoxonium ylide reactivity was explored, unveiling a streamlined and mild synthesis method for gem-difluorinated keto-sulfoxides. Our protocol offers a direct and practical approach to prepare these compounds in 14-80 % chemical yields, that were represented by 21 examples. NMR studies and Hammett correlations gave strong evidence about the mechanism of this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcio Hayashi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo CEP, SP-13563-120, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Antonio C B Burtoloso
- Department of Physical Chemistry, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo CEP, SP-13563-120, São Carlos, Brazil
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10
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Gunasekera S, Pryyma A, Jung J, Greenwood R, Patrick BO, Perrin DM. Diphenylphosphinylhydroxylamine (DPPH) Affords Late-Stage S-imination to access free-NH Sulfilimines and Sulfoximines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314906. [PMID: 38289976 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Sulfilimines, as potential aza-isosteres of sulfoxides, are valued as building blocks, auxiliaries, ligands, bioconjugation handles, and as precursors to versatile S(VI) scaffolds including sulfoximines and sulfondiimines. Here, we report a thioether imination methodology that exploits O-(diphenylphosphinyl)hydroxyl amine (DPPH). Under mild, metal-free, and biomolecule-compatible conditions, DPPH enables late-stage S-imination on peptides, natural products, and a clinically trialled drug, and shows both excellent chemoselectivity and broad functional group tolerance. This methodological report is extended to an efficient and high-yielding one-pot reaction for accessing free-NH sulfoximines with diverse substrates including ones of potential clinical importance. In the presence of a rhodium catalyst, sulfoxides are S-iminated in higher yields to afford free-NH sulfoximines. S-imination was validated on an oxidatively delicate amatoxin to give sulfilimine and sulfoximine congeners. Interestingly, these new sulfilimine and sulfoximine-amatoxins show cytotoxicity. This method is further extended to create sulfilimine and sulfoximine-Fulvestrant and buthionine analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanal Gunasekera
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
| | - Alla Pryyma
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
| | - Jimin Jung
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
| | - Rebekah Greenwood
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
| | - Brian O Patrick
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
| | - David M Perrin
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
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11
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Li H, Shen Q, Zhou X, Duan P, Hollmann F, Huang Y, Zhang W. Peroxygenase-Catalysed Sulfoxidations in Non-Aqueous Media. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301321. [PMID: 37948039 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Chiral sulfoxides are valuable building blocks in asymmetric synthesis. However, the biocatalytic synthesis of chiral sulfoxides is still challenged by low product titres. Herein, we report the use of peroxygenase as a catalyst for asymmetric sulfoxidation under non-aqueous conditions. Upon covalent immobilisation, the peroxygenase showed stability and activity under neat reaction conditions. A large variety of sulfides was converted into chiral sulfoxides in very high product concentration with moderate to satisfactory optical purity (e. g. 626 mM of (R)-methyl phenyl sulfoxide in approx. 89 % ee in 48 h). Further polishing of the ee value via cascading methionine reductase A (MsrA) gave>99 % ee of the sulfoxide. The robustness of the enzymes and high product titer is superior to the state-of-the-art methodologies. Gram-scale synthesis has been demonstrated. Overall, we demonstrated a practical and facile catalytic method to synthesize chiral sulfoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Science, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin, 300308, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Shen
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Science, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin, 300308, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Science, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin, 300308, P. R. China
| | - Peigao Duan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yawen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Science, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin, 300308, P. R. China
| | - Wuyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Science, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin, 300308, P. R. China
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12
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Peng Z, Sun S, Zheng MM, Li Y, Li X, Li S, Xue XS, Dong J, Gao B. Enantioselective sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange reaction of iminosulfur oxydifluorides. Nat Chem 2024; 16:353-362. [PMID: 38355829 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01452-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Linkage chemistry and functional molecules derived from the stereogenic sulfur(VI) centre have important applications in organic synthesis, bioconjugation, drug discovery, agrochemicals and polymeric materials. However, existing approaches for the preparation of optically active S(VI)-centred compounds heavily rely on synthetic chiral S(IV) pools, and the reported linkers of S(VI) lack stereocontrol. A modular assembly method, involving sequential ligand exchange at the S(VI) centre with precise control of enantioselectivity, is appealing but remains elusive. Here we report an asymmetric three-dimensional sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange (3D-SuFEx) reaction based on thionyl tetrafluoride gas (SOF4). A key step involves the chiral ligand-induced enantioselective defluorinative substitution of iminosulfur oxydifluorides using organolithium reagents. The resulting optically active sulfonimidoyl fluorides allow for further stereospecific fluoride-exchange by various nucleophiles, thereby establishing a modular platform for the asymmetric SuFEx ligation and the divergent synthesis of optically active S(VI) functional molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/BioSensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Shoujun Sun
- Institute of Translational Medicine, National Facility for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Meng Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/BioSensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Xixi Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, National Facility for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Suhua Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Song Xue
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiajia Dong
- Institute of Translational Medicine, National Facility for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/BioSensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China.
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13
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Gahalawat S, Addepalli Y, Fink SP, Kasturi L, Markowitz SD, Ready JM. Enzymatic Resolution and Decarboxylative Functionalization of α-Sulfinyl Esters. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302996. [PMID: 37721804 PMCID: PMC10872298 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
α-Sulfinyl esters can be readily prepared through thiol substitution of α-bromo esters followed by oxidation to the sulfoxide. Enzymatic resolution with lipoprotein lipase provides both the unreacted esters and corresponding α-sulfinyl carboxylic acids in high yields and enantiomeric ratios. Subsequent decarboxylative halogenation, dihalogenation, trihalogenation and cross-coupling gives rise to functionalized sulfoxides. The method has been applied to the asymmetric synthesis of a potent inhibitor of 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraksha Gahalawat
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 75390-9038, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yesu Addepalli
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 75390-9038, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Stephen P Fink
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, 44106, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Lakshmi Kasturi
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 44106, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sanford D Markowitz
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals of Cleveland, 44106, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Joseph M Ready
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 75390-9038, Dallas, Texas, USA
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14
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Gao L, Wang YQ, Zhang YQ, Fu YH, Liu YY, Zhang QW. Nickel-Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of Dienyl Sulfoxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202317626. [PMID: 38085222 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Sulfoxides are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry and as ligands in asymmetric catalysis. However, the efficient asymmetric synthesis of this structural motif remains limited. In this study, we disclosed a Ni-catalyzed enantioconvergent reaction that utilizes both racemic allenyl carbonates and β-sulfinyl esters. Our method employs cheap and more sustainable Ni(II) as a precatalyst and successfully overcomes the challenging poisoning effect and instability of sulfenate generated in situ. This enables the synthesis of a series of dienyl sulfoxides with enantioselectivity of up to 98 % ee. The product exhibits tremendous potential in various applications, including diastereoselective Diels-Alder reactions, coordination with transition metals, and incorporation into medicinal compounds, among others. Using a combination of experimental and computational methods, we have uncovered an interesting associated outersphere mechanism that contrasts with conventional mechanisms commonly observed in asymmetric transition metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Yin-Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Ya-Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Yi-Han Fu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Yi-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Qing-Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
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15
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Tozawa K, Makino K, Tanaka Y, Nakamura K, Inagaki A, Tabata H, Oshitari T, Natsugari H, Kuroda N, Kanemaru K, Oda Y, Takahashi H. Conversion of Racemic Alkyl Aryl Sulfoxides into Pure Enantiomers Using a Recycle Photoreactor: Tandem Use of Chromatography on Chiral Support and Photoracemization on Solid Support. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37155937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Chiral sulfoxides are valuable in the fields of medicinal chemistry and organic synthesis. A recycle photoreactor utilizing the concept of deracemization, where a racemate is converted into a pure enantiomer, is developed and successfully applied in the syntheses of chiral alkyl aryl sulfoxides. The recycling system consists of rapid photoracemization using an immobilized photosensitizer and separation of the enantiomers via chiral high-performance liquid chromatography, and the desired pure chiral sulfoxides are obtained after 4-6 cycles. The key to the success of the system is the photoreactor site, wherein the photosensitizer 2,4,6-triphenylpyrylium is immobilized on the resin and irradiated (405 nm) to enable the rapid photoracemizations of the sulfoxides. As the green recycle photoreactor requires no chiral components, it should be a useful alternative system for application in producing chiral compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumi Tozawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kosho Makino
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Nishitokyo, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Yuki Tanaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kayo Nakamura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Akiko Inagaki
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji Kitamachi, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8633, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Tabata
- Faculty of Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Tetsuta Oshitari
- Faculty of Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Hideaki Natsugari
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Noritaka Kuroda
- YMC Co., Ltd., 284 Daigo, Karasuma Nishiiru Gojo-dori, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto 600-8106, Japan
| | - Kunio Kanemaru
- IWASAKI ELECTRIC CO., LTD., 1-1, Ichiriyama-cho, Gyoda-shi, Saitama 361-8505, Japan
| | - Yuji Oda
- IWASAKI ELECTRIC CO., LTD., 1-1, Ichiriyama-cho, Gyoda-shi, Saitama 361-8505, Japan
| | - Hideyo Takahashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
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16
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Tan H, Zhang C, Deng Y, Zhang M, Cheng X, Wu J, Zheng D. Photoinduced Radical Sulfinylation of C(sp 3)-H Bonds with Sulfinyl Sulfones. Org Lett 2023; 25:2883-2888. [PMID: 37052454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
A direct C(sp3)-H sulfinylation reaction of alkanes with sulfinyl sulfones via decatungstate photocatalysis is reported. The sulfinyl sulfones generated in situ from sulfinates in the presence of an acylating reagent were able to trap the alkyl radicals that were produced via the photoinduced direct hydrogen atom transfer of alkanes, leading to a range of sulfoxides. This radical sulfinylation process provides an efficient and concise method for the synthesis of sulfoxides from abundant alkanes under mild conditions. Using the same strategy, aldehydes can also be transferred to the corresponding sulfoxides via decarbonylative sulfinylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heping Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Changmei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yangling Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Mengxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Xiya Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering and Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Avenue, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Danqing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
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17
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Anselmi S, Carvalho ATP, Serrano-Sanchez A, Ortega-Roldan JL, Caswell J, Omar I, Perez-Ortiz G, Barry SM, Moody TS, Castagnolo D. Discovery and Rational Mutagenesis of Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase Biocatalysts To Expand the Substrate Scope of the Kinetic Resolution of Chiral Sulfoxides. ACS Catal 2023; 13:4742-4751. [PMID: 37066047 PMCID: PMC10088026 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) enzymes have recently found applications as nonoxidative biocatalysts in the enantioselective kinetic resolution of racemic sulfoxides. This work describes the identification of selective and robust MsrA biocatalysts able to catalyze the enantioselective reduction of a variety of aromatic and aliphatic chiral sulfoxides at 8-64 mM concentration with high yields and excellent ees (up to 99%). Moreover, with the aim to expand the substrate scope of MsrA biocatalysts, a library of mutant enzymes has been designed via rational mutagenesis utilizing in silico docking, molecular dynamics, and structural nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies. The mutant enzyme MsrA33 was found to catalyze the kinetic resolution of bulky sulfoxide substrates bearing non-methyl substituents on the sulfur atom with ees up to 99%, overcoming a significant limitation of the currently available MsrA biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Anselmi
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJ London, U. K.
| | - Alexandra T. P. Carvalho
- Department
of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, Almac, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, U. K.
| | | | | | - Jill Caswell
- Department
of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, Almac, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, U. K.
| | - Iman Omar
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJ London, U. K.
- Faculty
of Natural, Mathematical and Engineering Sciences, Department of Chemistry, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, SE1 1DB London, U. K.
| | - Gustavo Perez-Ortiz
- Faculty
of Natural, Mathematical and Engineering Sciences, Department of Chemistry, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, SE1 1DB London, U. K.
| | - Sarah M. Barry
- Faculty
of Natural, Mathematical and Engineering Sciences, Department of Chemistry, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, SE1 1DB London, U. K.
| | - Thomas S. Moody
- Department
of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, Almac, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, U. K.
- Arran
Chemical Company Limited, Unit 1 Monksland Industrial Estate, Athlone,
Co., Roscommon N37 DN24, Ireland
| | - Daniele Castagnolo
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJ London, U. K.
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18
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Wróblewska A, Bugaj K, Łagiewka J, Girek T, Rabai J, Drabowicz J. Attempts to oxidize sulfides under mechanochemical conditions: synthetic and stereochemical aspects. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2023.2193405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Wróblewska
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Łódź, Poland
| | - Kamil Bugaj
- Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Jakub Łagiewka
- Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Tomasz Girek
- Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Częstochowa, Poland
| | | | - Józef Drabowicz
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Łódź, Poland
- Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Częstochowa, Poland
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19
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Zhang X, Wang F, Tan CH. Asymmetric Synthesis of S(IV) and S(VI) Stereogenic Centers. JACS AU 2023; 3:700-714. [PMID: 37006767 PMCID: PMC10052288 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur can form diverse S(IV) and S(VI) stereogenic centers, of which some have gained significant attention recently due to their increasing use as pharmacophores in drug discovery programs. The preparation of these sulfur stereogenic centers in their enantiopure form has been challenging, and progress made will be discussed in this Perspective. This Perspective summarizes different strategies, with selected works, for asymmetric synthesis of these moieties, including diastereoselective transformations using chiral auxiliaries, enantiospecific transformations of enantiopure sulfur compounds, and catalytic enantioselective synthesis. We will discuss the advantages and limitations of these strategies and will provide our views on how this field will develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- West China
School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, and State
Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Fucheng Wang
- West China
School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, and State
Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Choon-Hong Tan
- School
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
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20
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Barcan GA, Kwon DH, Guo J, Kowalski JA, Liu L, Nilson M, Sisko J, Wang H, Brown TA, Gholipour-Ranjbar H. A Sulfur-Controlled Approach to the Synthesis of Linerixibat. J Org Chem 2023; 88:3970-3974. [PMID: 36857298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c03015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Establishing the two stereocenters in the benzothiazepine ring of linerixibat (GSK2330672) has been a long-standing problem at GSK. Our solution rests on an episulfonium-controlled Ritter reaction followed by a sulfoxide-directed reduction. A rationale for both steps is based on a mixture of literature precedent and computational experiments. Transition state modeling suggests the sulfoxide-directed reduction proceeds through electronic repulsion between the lone pair of electrons on sulfur and the incoming borohydride anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregg A Barcan
- GSK, Drug Substance Development Chemistry, 1250 Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Doo-Hyun Kwon
- GSK, Molecular Design, 1250 Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Jiasheng Guo
- GSK, Drug Substance Development Chemistry, 1250 Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - John A Kowalski
- GSK, Drug Substance Development Chemistry, 1250 Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Li Liu
- GSK, Drug Substance Development Chemistry, 1250 Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Mark Nilson
- GSK, Drug Substance Development Chemistry, 1250 Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Jack Sisko
- GSK, Drug Substance Development Chemistry, 1250 Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Huan Wang
- GSK, Drug Substance Development Chemistry, 1250 Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Timothy A Brown
- GSK, Analytical Sciences, 1250 Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Habib Gholipour-Ranjbar
- GSK, Analytical Sciences, 1250 Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
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21
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Yang GF, Yuan Y, Tian Y, Zhang SQ, Cui X, Xia B, Li GX, Tang Z. Synthesis of Chiral Sulfonimidoyl Chloride via Desymmetrizing Enantioselective Hydrolysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5439-5446. [PMID: 36811577 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Direct construction of chiral S(VI) from prochiral S(II) is a formidable challenge due to the inevitable formation of stable chiral S(IV). Previous synthetic strategies rely on the conversion of chiral S(IV) or enantioselective desymmetrization of preformed symmetrical S(VI) substrates. Here, we report desymmetrizing enantioselective hydrolysis of in situ-generated symmetric aza-dichlorosulfonium from sulfenamides for the preparation of chiral sulfonimidoyl chlorides, which could be used as a general stable synthon for obtaining a series of chiral S(VI) derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Feng Yang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shi-Qi Zhang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Bing Xia
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guang-Xun Li
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhuo Tang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institution of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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22
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Organocatalytic asymmetric deoxygenation of sulfones to access chiral sulfinyl compounds. Nat Chem 2023; 15:185-193. [PMID: 36646894 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01120-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, many efficient methodologies have been developed that allow for the enantioselective synthesis of chiral sulfinyl compounds. However, the enantioselective deoxygenation of hexavalent sulfones for the formation of chiral sulfinyl compounds still remains one of the major challenges in the fields of asymmetric synthesis and organosulfur chemistry. Here we have demonstrated that a synergistic combination of organocatalysis and the incorporation of a cyano group into the sulfone generates a chiral sulfinic species as an active intermediate. A wide range of chiral sulfinates with high enantioselectivities could then be acquired using alcohols as nucleophiles, and the subsequent transformations allowed the collective preparation of a variety of chiral sulfinyl compounds. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the catalytic cycle involves a quinuclidine-assisted stepwise 1,2-cyano group transfer, base-assisted intermolecular substitution with alcohol and regeneration of the active catalyst. The enantioselectivity was determined by the cyano migration step.
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23
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Kong L, Zou Y, Li XX, Zhang XP, Li X. Rhodium-catalyzed enantioselective C-H alkynylation of sulfoxides in diverse patterns: desymmetrization, kinetic resolution, and parallel kinetic resolution. Chem Sci 2023; 14:317-322. [PMID: 36687346 PMCID: PMC9811495 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05310a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodium-catalyzed enantioselective C-H alkynylation of achiral and racemic sulfoxides is disclosed with alkynyl bromide as the alkynylating reagent. A wide range of chiral sulfoxides have been constructed in good yield and excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee, s-factor up to > 500) via desymmetrization, kinetic resolution, and parallel kinetic resolution under mild reaction conditions. The high enantioselectivity was rendered by the chiral cyclopentadienyl rhodium(iii) catalyst paired with a chiral carboxamide additive. The interactions between the chiral catalyst, the sulfoxide, and the chiral carboxylic amide during the C-H bond cleavage offer the asymmetric induction, which is validated by DFT calculations. The chiral carboxamide functions as a base to promote C-H activation and offers an additional chiral environment during the C-H cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingheng Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710062China
| | - Yun Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710062China
| | - Xiao-Xi Li
- Institute of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China
| | - Xue-Peng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710062China
| | - Xingwei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710062China,Institute of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China
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24
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Kumar R, Taily IM, Banerjee P. Electrochemical sulfinylation of phenols with sulfides: a metal- and oxidant-free cross-coupling for the synthesis of aromatic sulfoxides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:310-313. [PMID: 36507914 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05207e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The site-selective C-H functionalization of arenes is of indisputable importance in organic chemistry. Herein, we have demonstrated an electrochemical regioselective oxidative cross-coupling towards the direct C(sp2)-H sulfinylation of phenols with sulfides under mild reaction conditions. The designed methodology furnished aryl sulfoxides in good to moderate yields under exogenous metal and oxidant-free conditions. Moreover, the exploitation of traceless electrons to carry out the tandem site-selective oxidative aryl chalcogenation is the striking feature of this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- Lab no. 406, S.S. Bhatnagar block, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Irshad Maajid Taily
- Lab no. 406, S.S. Bhatnagar block, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Prabal Banerjee
- Lab no. 406, S.S. Bhatnagar block, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Punjab-140001, India.
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25
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Zhang J, Deng Y, Mo N, Chen L. Advances in Radical Mediated 1,2-Aryl Migration Reactions of α, α-Diarylallyl Alcohols. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202208028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
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26
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Vanadyl Heterosubstituted 1,3-β-diketonate Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Applications for the Selective Oxidation and Detoxification of Sulfur Compounds. Catal Today 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2023.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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27
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Pilathottathil F, Unnikrishnan S, Kaliyamoorthy A. Heteroarylation of Sulfenate Ions In Situ Generated from β-Sulfinyl Esters under Transition-Metal-Free Conditions. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14980-14990. [PMID: 36268936 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Heteroaryl sulfoxides are an integral part of several bioactive molecules and pharmaceuticals. We have described a transition-metal-free route for the direct sulfinylation of 2-halobenzothiazoles and 2-halobenzimidazoles using β-sulfinyl esters as the source of the sulfenate ion in the presence of a Brønsted base such as LiOtBu, and the corresponding heteroaryl sulfoxides were isolated in yields of 30 to 94%. Moreover, we hypothesized a plausible concerted nucleophilic aromatic substitution (cSNAr) pathway for the direct incorporation of sulfinyl functionality into the 2-haloheteroarenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathima Pilathottathil
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Sreelakshmi Unnikrishnan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Alagiri Kaliyamoorthy
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Kerala 695551, India
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28
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Greenwood NS, Champlin AT, Ellman JA. Catalytic Enantioselective Sulfur Alkylation of Sulfenamides for the Asymmetric Synthesis of Sulfoximines. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:17808-17814. [PMID: 36154032 PMCID: PMC9650615 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sulfoximines are increasingly incorporated in agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals, with the two enantiomers of chiral sulfoximines often having profoundly different binding interactions with biomolecules. Therefore, their application to drug discovery and development requires the challenging preparation of single enantiomers rather than racemic mixtures. Here, we report a general and fundamentally new asymmetric synthesis of sulfoximines. The first S-alkylation of sulfenamides, which are readily accessible sulfur compounds with one carbon and one nitrogen substituent, represents the key step. A broad scope for S-alkylation was achieved by rhodium-catalyzed coupling with diazo compounds under mild conditions. When a chiral rhodium catalyst was utilized with loadings as low as 0.1 mol %, the S-alkylation products were obtained in high yields and with enantiomeric ratios up to 98:2 at the newly generated chiral sulfur center. The S-alkylation products were efficiently converted to a variety of sulfoximines with complete retention of stereochemistry. The utility of this approach was further demonstrated by the asymmetric synthesis of a complex sulfoximine agrochemical.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew T. Champlin
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, United States
| | - Jonathan A. Ellman
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, United States
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29
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Wang P, Han X, Liu X, Lin R, Chen Y, Sun Z, Zhang W. Synthesis of Enantioenriched Sulfoxides by an Oxidation‐Reduction Enzymatic Cascade. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201997. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Science College of Life Sciences Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 P.R. China
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 West 7th Avenue Tianjin 300308 P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Han
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 West 7th Avenue Tianjin 300308 P.R. China
| | - Xinqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Science College of Life Sciences Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 P.R. China
| | - Richen Lin
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and Environment Southeast University 2 Sipailou Road Nanjing 210096 P.R. China
| | - Yongzheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province School of Pharmacy Zunyi Medical University 6 West Xuefu Road Zunyi 563000 P.R. China
| | - Zhoutong Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 West 7th Avenue Tianjin 300308 P.R. China
| | - Wuyuan Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 West 7th Avenue Tianjin 300308 P.R. China
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30
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Zhang D, Zou XN, Wang XG, Su J, Luan TX, Fan W, Li PZ, Zhao Y. Highly Effective Photocatalytic Radical Reactions Triggered by a Photoactive Metal-Organic Framework. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:23518-23526. [PMID: 35537034 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
On account of their inherent reactive properties, radical reactions play an important role in organic syntheses. The booming photochemistry provides a feasible approach to trigger the generation of radical intermediates in organic reaction processes. Thus, developing effective photocatalysts becomes the key step in radical reactions. In this work, the triphenylamine moiety with photoactivity is successfully embedded in a highly porous and stable metal-organic framework (MOF), and the obtained MOF, namely, Zr-TCA, naturally displays a photoactive property derived from the triphenylamine-based ligand. In photocatalytic studies, the triphenylamine-based Zr-TCA not only exhibits a high catalytic activity on the aerobic oxidation of sulfides via the generation of the superoxide radical anion (O2•-) under light irradiation but also shows good efficiency in the trifluoromethylation of arenes and heteroarenes by the formation of the trifluoromethyl radical (CF3•) as an intermediate. Moreover, the high performance of Zr-TCA can be well maintained over a wide range of substrates in these radical reactions, and the recycled Zr-TCA still retains its excellent photocatalytic activity. The high recyclability and catalytic efficiency to various substrates make the constructed triphenylamine-based Zr-TCA a promising photocatalyst in diverse radical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deshan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji'nan 250100 Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Nan Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji'nan 250100 Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ge Wang
- Analytical Instrumentation Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jie Su
- Analytical Instrumentation Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Xiang Luan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji'nan 250100 Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Weiliu Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji'nan 250100 Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Zhou Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji'nan 250100 Shandong Province, P. R. China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237 Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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31
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Yu Y, Wu SF, Zhu XB, Yuan Y, Li Z, Ye KY. Electrochemical Sulfoxidation of Thiols and Alkyl Halides. J Org Chem 2022; 87:6942-6950. [PMID: 35512330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sulfoxides are actively engaged as versatile synthetic building blocks, chiral ligands, bioactive molecules, and function materials. However, their oxidative syntheses from thioethers are inevitably impeded by overoxidation, excess oxidants, and the tedious preparation of thioethers. To address these shortcomings, we report herein a highly selective electrochemical sulfoxidation reaction featuring the use of simple starting materials, i.e., thiols and alkyl halides, in a single operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Shao-Fen Wu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Xiao-Bin Zhu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yaofeng Yuan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ke-Yin Ye
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
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32
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Wang X, Tang Y, Ye S, Zhang J, Kuang Y, Wu J. Access to Sulfoxides under NHC/Photocatalysis via a Radical Pathway. Org Lett 2022; 24:2059-2063. [PMID: 35262358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A photocatalyzed transformation from sulfinic acids to sulfoxides under visible-light irradiation in the presence of N-heterocyclic carbene is established. Various alkyl groups from four-substituted Hantzsch esters or Meyer nitriles are smoothly converted to the corresponding sulfoxides through a radical coupling pathway in the presence of 1,1-carbonyldiimidazole. This method allows sulfoxide synthesis to refrain from relying on the oxidation of sulfides and provides an alternative route for the preparation of sulfoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yulian Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shengqing Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Yunyan Kuang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 46 East Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, China
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33
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Wen M, Erb W, Mongin F, Halauko YS, Ivashkevich OA, Matulis VE, Roisnel T. Synthesis of Polysubstituted Ferrocenesulfoxides. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061798. [PMID: 35335161 PMCID: PMC8955965 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to design synthetic methodologies, especially directed deprotometalation using polar organometallic reagents, to access polysubstituted ferrocenesulfoxides. From enantiopure 2-substituted (SiMe3, PPh2) S-tert-butylferrocenesulfoxides, a third substituent was first introduced at the 5 position (SiMe3, I, D, C(OH)Ph2, Me, PPh2, CH2NMe2, F) and removal of the trimethylsilyl group then afforded 2-substituted ferrocenesulfoxides unreachable otherwise. Attempts to apply the “halogen dance” reaction to the ferrocenesulfoxide series led to unexpected results although rationalized in light of calculated pKa values. Further functionalizations were also possible. Thus, new enantiopure, planar chiral di- and trisubstituted ferrocenes have been obtained, in addition to several original 2-substituted, 2,3- and 2,5-disubstituted, 2,3,5-trisubstituted and even 2,3,4,5-tetrasubstituted ferrocenesulfoxides, also enantiopure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wen
- ISCR—Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes-UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, F-35000 Rennes, France; (M.W.); (F.M.); (T.R.)
| | - William Erb
- ISCR—Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes-UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, F-35000 Rennes, France; (M.W.); (F.M.); (T.R.)
- Correspondence: (W.E.); (Y.S.H.)
| | - Florence Mongin
- ISCR—Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes-UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, F-35000 Rennes, France; (M.W.); (F.M.); (T.R.)
| | - Yury S. Halauko
- UNESCO Chair of Belarusian State University, 4 Nezavisimosti Av., 220030 Minsk, Belarus
- Correspondence: (W.E.); (Y.S.H.)
| | - Oleg A. Ivashkevich
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Condensed Systems, Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University, 14 Leningradskaya St., 220030 Minsk, Belarus;
| | - Vadim E. Matulis
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Belarusian State University, 4 Nezavisimosti Av., 220030 Minsk, Belarus;
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- ISCR—Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes-UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, F-35000 Rennes, France; (M.W.); (F.M.); (T.R.)
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34
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Ghorbani-Choghamarani A, Taherinia Z. Sustainable approaches in the catalytic synthesis of optically active and inactive diaryl sulfoxides. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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Hayakawa M, Horike S, Hijikata Y, Yasui K, Yamaguchi S, Fukazawa A. Late-stage modification of π-electron systems based on asymmetric oxidation of a medium-sized sulfur-containing ring. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2548-2551. [PMID: 35103262 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06996a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric oxidation of a sulfur-containing nine-membered heterocycle was achieved for the late-stage introduction of chirality to the substituents of π-electron systems. The oxidation of the sulfur atom considerably influenced the phase-transition behaviour and crystallinity of the resulting π-electron systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Hayakawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. .,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Satoshi Horike
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Yuh Hijikata
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yasui
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Aiko Fukazawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. .,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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36
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Yang Y, Meng G, Ni S, Zhang H, Dong C. Genomic Analysis of Stropharia rugosoannulata Reveals Its Nutritional Strategy and Application Potential in Bioremediation. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8020162. [PMID: 35205916 PMCID: PMC8874372 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stropharia rugosoannulata is not only a popular edible mushroom, but also has excellent potential in bioremediation. In this study, we present a high-quality genome of a monokaryotic strain of the S. rugosoannulata commercial cultivar in China. The assembly yielded an N50 length of 2.96 Mb and a total size of approximately 48.33 Mb, encoding 11,750 proteins. The number of heme peroxidase-encoding genes in the genome of S. rugosoannulata was twice the average of all of the tested Agaricales. The genes encoding lignin and xenobiotic degradation enzymes accounted for more than half of the genes encoding plant cell wall degradation enzymes. The expansion of genes encoding lignin and xenobiotic degradation enzymes, and cytochrome P450 involved in the xenobiotic metabolism, were responsible for its strong bioremediation and lignin degradation abilities. S. rugosoannulata was classified as a litter-decomposing (LD) fungus, based on the analysis of the cell wall degrading enzymes. Substrate selection for fruiting body cultivation should consider both the nutritional strategy of LD and a strong lignin degradation ability. Consistent with safe usage as an edible mushroom, the S. rugosoannulata genome does not contain genes for known psilocybin biosynthesis. Genome analysis will be helpful for understanding its nutritional strategy to guide fruiting body cultivation and for providing insight into its application in bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (Y.Y.); (G.M.)
| | - Guoliang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (Y.Y.); (G.M.)
| | - Shujun Ni
- Institute of Animal Husbandry Research, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China; (S.N.); (H.Z.)
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry Research, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China; (S.N.); (H.Z.)
| | - Caihong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (Y.Y.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-010-64806138
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37
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Maeda Y, Hamada S, Aota Y, Otsubo K, Kano T, Maruoka K. Practical Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral Sulfoximines via Sulfur-Selective Alkylation. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3652-3660. [PMID: 35075904 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chiral sulfoximines have recently been considered as promising bioisosteres in medicinal chemistry. However, methods for preparing chiral sulfoximines in a stereoselective manner are underdeveloped. Herein, we demonstrate an asymmetric synthesis of chiral sulfoximines through a stereospecific S-alkylation of readily accessible chiral sulfinamides under practical conditions. A key to establishing the practical conditions was the identification of the intermediate structure in our previously reported S-alkylation by X-ray crystallographic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Suguru Hamada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yusuke Aota
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuya Otsubo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Taichi Kano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Keiji Maruoka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.,School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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38
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A. Cordell G, Daley SK. Sparsomycin – a Review and Re-assessment. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-22-sr(r)8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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39
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El-Assaad TH, Zhu J, Sebastian A, McGrath DV, Neogi I, Parida KN. Dioxiranes: A Half-Century Journey. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01005d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dioxiranes are multi-tasking reagents inheriting mild and selective oxygen transfer attributes. These oxidants are accessed from the reaction of ketones with an oxidant and are employed stoichiometrically or catalytically (in...
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40
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Zhang J, Ni H, Wu Q, Yang J, Zhang J. Development of P, S and Si-Stereogenic Compounds Synthesis via Palladium Catalysis. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202208043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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41
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Fan L, Zhou T, Yang X, Jiang M, Hu X, Shi B. Pd(II)-Catalyzed Enantioselective C—H Olefination of 2-(Arylsulfinyl)pyridines through Kinetic Resolution. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202204058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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42
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Yang M, Guo Y, Zhang XP, Sun H, Wang Y, Zhang W, Wu Y, Jian Y, Gao Z. Natural Amino Acid L‐Phenylalanine Coordinated Zirconocene Complex as Bifunctional Catalyst for the Synthesis of 1,5‐Benzothiazepines. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Yang
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yingying Guo
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xue-Peng Zhang
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Huaming Sun
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Weiqiang Zhang
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Ya Wu
- Xi'an Shiyou University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yajun Jian
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Ziwei Gao
- Shaanxi Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 620 West Chang'an Street 710119 Xi'an CHINA
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43
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Mamat M, Liu C, Abdukerem D, Abdukader A. A visible-light-induced thiol addition/aerobic oxidation cascade reaction of epoxides and thiols for the synthesis of β-hydroxylsulfoxides. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:9855-9859. [PMID: 34761765 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01826d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A photochemical thiol addition/aerobic oxidation cascade reaction has been developed. This protocol enables efficient oxidative coupling of epoxides and thiols to access structurally valuable β-hydroxylsulfoxides. A broad range of functional groups are compatible to obtain moderate to good yields of the target products. Mechanistic studies revealed a sequential reaction pathway involving base-promoted thiol addition of thiols to epoxides and visible-light-induced aerobic oxygenation of thioethers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marhaba Mamat
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources; College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Shengli Road 666, Urumqi, 830046, P. R. China.
| | - Changhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources; College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Shengli Road 666, Urumqi, 830046, P. R. China.
| | - Dilshat Abdukerem
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources; College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Shengli Road 666, Urumqi, 830046, P. R. China.
| | - Ablimit Abdukader
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources; College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Shengli Road 666, Urumqi, 830046, P. R. China.
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44
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Yang L, Wang B, Yin X, Zeng Q. Advances of Sulfenate Anions in Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Sulfoxides. CHEM REC 2021; 22:e202100242. [PMID: 34796593 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, sulfenate anions as key intermediates in enantioselective synthesis have attracted considerable attention. Typically, development of novel synthetic methods to generate sulfenate anions allows for the preparation of various enantiopure sulfoxides, which are prevalently used as auxiliaries, ligands, organocatalysts, and biologically active compounds. This review presents the in situ preparation methods and the recent applications of sulfenate anions in catalytic asymmetric synthesis of chiral sulfoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bingren Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Xianjie Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Qingle Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
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45
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Zheng GL, Lu C, Cheng JP, Li X. Kinetic Resolution of Sulfinamides via Asymmetric N-Allylic Alkylation. Org Lett 2021; 23:8499-8504. [PMID: 34633182 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
An efficient kinetic resolution of sulfinamides via an asymmetric N-allylic alkylation reaction was realized using hydroquinine as a catalyst under mild conditions. The kinetic resolution of a range of Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts and N-aryl tert-butylsulfinamides was highly effective. In addition, the synthetic utility of the protocol was demonstrated by a scaled-up reaction. Density functional theory calculations provide convincing evidence for the interpretation of stereoselection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Liang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chenxi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jin-Pei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Department of Chemistry, Center of Basic Molecular Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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46
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Zhang Z, Li A, Zhao B, Li P, Wang L, Miao T. Direct Synthesis of Sulfinylated Benzofulvenes via BF 3·Et 2O-Promoted Cascade Reactions of Arylsulfinic Acids with 1,3-Enynes. Org Lett 2021; 23:8204-8208. [PMID: 34676767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel and efficient method for the selective synthesis of sulfinylated benzofulvenes has been developed through the BF3·Et2O-promoted electrophilic addition/cyclization of 1,3-enynes. This metal-free cascade reaction employs readily accessible arylsulfinic acids as sulfinyl cation sources at room temperature and provides a wide range of functionalized benzofulvenes in good to excellent yields under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Anni Li
- Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Beibei Zhao
- Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China.,Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Tao Miao
- Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
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47
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Arp FF, Ashirov R, Bhuvanesh N, Blümel J. Di(hydroperoxy)adamantane adducts: synthesis, characterization and application as oxidizers for the direct esterification of aldehydes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:15296-15309. [PMID: 34636381 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03243g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The di(hydroperoxy)adamantane adducts of water (1) and phosphine oxides p-Tol3PO·(HOO)2C(C9H14) (2), o-Tol3PO·(HOO)2C(C9H14) (3), and Cy3PO·(HOO)2C(C9H14) (4), as well as a CH2Cl2 adduct of a phosphole oxide dimer (8), have been created and investigated by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and by Raman and IR spectroscopy. The single crystal X-ray structures for 1-4 and 8 are reported. The IR and 31P NMR data are in accordance with strong hydrogen bonding of the di(hydroperoxy)adamantane adducts. The Raman ν(O-O) stretching bands of 1-4 prove that the peroxo groups are present in the solids. Selected di(hydroperoxy)alkane adducts, in combination with AlCl3 as catalyst, have been applied for the direct oxidative esterification of n-nonyl aldehyde, benzaldehyde, p-methylbenzaldehyde, p-bromobenzaldehyde, and o-hydroxybenzaldehyde to the corresponding methyl esters. The esterification takes place in an inert atmosphere, under anhydrous and oxygen-free conditions, within a time frame of 45 minutes to 5 hours at room temperature. Hereby, two oxygen atoms per adduct assembly are active with respect to the quantitative transformation of the aldehyde into the ester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian F Arp
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77842-3012, USA.
| | - Rahym Ashirov
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77842-3012, USA.
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77842-3012, USA.
| | - Janet Blümel
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77842-3012, USA.
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48
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Diastereoselective oxidation of menthyl arenesulfenates to sulfinates and access to enantioenriched aryl methyl sulfoxides. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01759-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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49
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Jang HY. Oxidative cross-coupling of thiols for S-X (X = S, N, O, P, and C) bond formation: mechanistic aspects. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8656-8686. [PMID: 34596196 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01368h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the reactive intermediates (disulfides, sulfenyl halides, thiyl radicals, sulfenium cations, and metal-organosulfur species) and the mechanisms of the recently reported oxidative couplings of thiols. These intermediates are generated by chemical oxidants, transition metal catalysts, electrochemistry, and photochemistry. Chemical oxidant-mediated reactions involve radical, halogenated, or cationic intermediates, or disulfides. Transition metal-catalyzed mechanisms proposed various metal-organosulfur intermediates to elucidate the reactivity and selectivity of metal catalysts. In electro- and photooxidation, direct oxidation/reduction mechanisms of reactants at the electrode or indirect oxidation/reduction of reactants in the presence of redox catalysts have been reported. The following sections are based on the products, thiosulfonates (S-S bond), sulfenamides, sulfinamides, and sulfonamides (S-N bond), sulfinates (S-O bond), thiophosphine oxides and thiophosphates (S-P bond), and sulfides, sulfoxides, and sulfones (S-C bond) and discuss the reaction mechanisms and the above-mentioned key intermediates for product formation. The contents of this review will provide helpful information, guiding the choice of oxidative coupling conditions for the synthesis of various organosulfur compounds with high yields and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Young Jang
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea.
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50
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Zhou T, Jiang MX, Qian PF, Yao QJ, Xu XT, Zhang K, Shi BF. Synthesis of Chiral Sulfoxides via Pd(II)-Catalyzed Enantioselective C-H Alkynylation/Kinetic Resolution of 2-(Arylsulfinyl)pyridines. Org Lett 2021; 23:7910-7915. [PMID: 34605653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A Pd(II)-catalyzed enantioselective C-H alkynylation of 2-(arylsulfinyl)pyridines via kinetic resolution using cheap and commercially available l-pGlu-OH as a chiral ligand is reported. A wide range of 2-(arylsulfinyl)pyridines were compatible with this protocol, giving the alkynylation products and recovered sulfoxides in high yields with high enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee). Furthermore, the enantioenriched products can be easily transformed to several other types of chiral sulfoxide scaffolds with the retention of enantiopurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Meng-Xue Jiang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Pu-Fan Qian
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qi-Jun Yao
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xue-Tao Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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