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Soudagar MEM, Kiong TS, Jathar L, Nik Ghazali NN, Ramesh S, Awasarmol U, Ong HC. Perspectives on cultivation and harvesting technologies of microalgae, towards environmental sustainability and life cycle analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141540. [PMID: 38423144 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The development of algae is seen as a potential and ecologically sound approach to address the increasing demands in multiple sectors. However, successful implementation of processes is highly dependent on effective growing and harvesting methods. The present study provides a complete examination of contemporary techniques employed in the production and harvesting of algae, with a particular emphasis on their sustainability. The review begins by examining several culture strategies, encompassing open ponds, closed photobioreactors, and raceway ponds. The analysis of each method is conducted in a systematic manner, with a particular focus on highlighting their advantages, limitations, and potential for expansion. This approach ensures that the conversation is in line with the objectives of sustainability. Moreover, this study explores essential elements of algae harvesting, including the processes of cell separation, dewatering, and biomass extraction. Traditional methods such as centrifugation, filtration, and sedimentation are examined in conjunction with novel, environmentally concerned strategies including flocculation, electro-coagulation, and membrane filtration. It evaluates the impacts on the environment that are caused by the cultivation process, including the usage of water and land, the use of energy, the production of carbon dioxide, and the runoff of nutrients. Furthermore, this study presents a thorough examination of the current body of research pertaining to Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) studies, presenting a perspective that emphasizes sustainability in the context of algae harvesting systems. In conclusion, the analysis ends up with an examination ahead at potential areas for future study in the cultivation and harvesting of algae. This review is an essential guide for scientists, policymakers, and industry experts associated with the advancement and implementation of algae-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar
- Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand - 248002, India; Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, 64001, Iraq.
| | - Tiong Sieh Kiong
- Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Laxmikant Jathar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Army Institute of Technology, Pune, 411015, India.
| | - Nik Nazri Nik Ghazali
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - S Ramesh
- Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Umesh Awasarmol
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Army Institute of Technology, Pune, 411015, India.
| | - Hwai Chyuan Ong
- Department of Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.
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2
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Diepenbroek E, Mehta S, Borneman Z, Hempenius MA, Kooij ES, Nijmeijer K, de Beer S. Advances in Membrane Separation for Biomaterial Dewatering. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4545-4566. [PMID: 38386509 PMCID: PMC10919095 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Biomaterials often contain large quantities of water (50-98%), and with the current transition to a more biobased economy, drying these materials will become increasingly important. Contrary to the standard, thermodynamically inefficient chemical and thermal drying methods, dewatering by membrane separation will provide a sustainable and efficient alternative. However, biomaterials can easily foul membrane surfaces, which is detrimental to the performance of current membrane separations. Improving the antifouling properties of such membranes is a key challenge. Other recent research has been dedicated to enhancing the permeate flux and selectivity. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the design requirements for and recent advances in dewatering of biomaterials using membranes. These recent developments offer a viable solution to the challenges of fouling and suboptimal performances. We focus on two emerging development strategies, which are the use of electric-field-assisted dewatering and surface functionalizations, in particular with hydrogels. Our overview concludes with a critical mention of the remaining challenges and possible research directions within these subfields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esli Diepenbroek
- Department
of Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sarthak Mehta
- Membrane
Materials and Processes, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Zandrie Borneman
- Membrane
Materials and Processes, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mark A. Hempenius
- Department
of Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - E. Stefan Kooij
- Physics
of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente, 7500
AE Enschede, The
Netherlands
| | - Kitty Nijmeijer
- Membrane
Materials and Processes, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sissi de Beer
- Department
of Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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3
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Ennaceri H, Mkpuma VO, Moheimani NR. Nano-clay modified membranes: A promising green strategy for microalgal antifouling filtration. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 902:166479. [PMID: 37611702 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling is a major challenge which limits the sustainable application of membrane filtration-based microalgal harvesting at industrial level. Membrane fouling leads to increased operational and maintenance costs and represents a major obstacle to microalgal downstream processing. Nano-clays are promising naturally occurring nanoparticles in membrane fabrication due to their low-cost, facile preparation, and their superior properties in terms of surface hydrophilicity, mechanical stability, and resistance against chemicals. The membrane surface modification using nano-clays is a sustainable promising approach to improve membranes mechanical properties and their fouling resistance. However, the positive effects of nano-clay particles on membrane fouling are often limited by aggregation and poor adhesion to the base polymeric matrix. This review surveys the recent efforts to achieve anti-fouling behavior using membrane surface modification with nano-clay fillers. Further, strategies to achieve a better incorporation of nano-clay in the polymer matrix of the membrane are summarised, and the factors that govern the membrane fouling, stability, adhesion, agglomeration and leaching are discussed in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Ennaceri
- Algae R&D Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia; Centre for Water Energy and Waste, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia.
| | - Victor Okorie Mkpuma
- Algae R&D Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia
| | - Navid Reza Moheimani
- Algae R&D Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia; Centre for Water Energy and Waste, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
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4
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Zafar AM, Aly Hassan A. Seawater biodesalination treatment using Phormidium keutzingianum in attached growth-packed bed continuous flow stirred tank reactor. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116784. [PMID: 37517498 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity is increasing worldwide due to rising population which is creating opportunities to unlock alternative green desalination techniques for seawater, such as biodesalination. Therefore, this study presents the utilization of the Phormidium keutzingianum strain in an attached growth-packed bed reactor to treat seawater in real-time in a continuous-flow stirred tank reactor for biodesalination. Two reactors were designed and developed, in which zeolites were used as the support media for the attached growth. The experiment was conducted in an open outdoor environment with a continuous air flow rate of 3 mL/min and two hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 7 and 15 d. Parameters such as the pH, chloride ion concentration, total organic carbon (TOC), and optical density were monitored regularly. The pH change was not significant in either reactor and remained within the range of 7.25-8.0. Chloride ion removal was the most crucial component of biodesalination efficiency, with d 7 removal efficiencies of approximately 40% and 32% for reactors 1 and 2, respectively. Reactor 1 exhibited a TOC reduction of 36% within the first 10 d at a HRT of 7, and when the HRT was set to 15 d, a TOC removal efficiency of 89% was achieved on d 53. For reactor 2, a TOC removal efficiency of approximately 81% was achieved on d 11 at HRT 7, and it reduced to less than 50% at an HRT of 15. The chloride ion and TOC removal phenomena were similar in both reactors. The optical density (OD) showed low measurement recordings, ranging from 0.005 to 0.01, indicating low cell detachment in the seawater effluent. Therefore, using the attached growth method for the biodesalination of seawater is feasible. Furthermore, biomass harvesting in attached growth systems is easier than that in suspension growth systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Mannan Zafar
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, 15551, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ashraf Aly Hassan
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, 15551, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; National Water and Energy Center (NWEC), United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, 15551, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Khan S, Das P, Abdulquadir M, Thaher M, Al-Ghasal G, Hafez Mohammed Kashem A, Faisal M, Sayadi S, Al-Jabri H. Pilot-scale crossflow ultrafiltration of four different cell-sized marine microalgae to assess the ultrafiltration performance and energy requirements. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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6
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Zhang B, Peng C, Zhang S, Zhang M, Li D, Wang X, Mao B. Comprehensive analysis of the combined flocculation and filtration process for microalgae harvesting at various operating parameters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159658. [PMID: 36302440 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The combined process of flocculation and filtration can improve algae harvesting performance by combining the benefits of both and overcoming the drawbacks. The entire process was thoroughly examined in this study, considering technical and economic feasibility under a variety of operating situations. Dead-end filtration was performed to evaluate the harvesting performance, the removal of extracellular organic matter and the changes of flocs. Cross-flow filtration was then carried out to explore the effect of operating parameters on permeate flux and assess the technical and economic feasibility. The optimum operating condition was to use 5 mg/L cationic polyacrylamide with 25 μm pore size and 0.1 m/s cross-flow velocity, under which a high harvesting efficiency of 95.2 %, a high average permeate flux of 55.5 m3/(m2 h) and a volumetric reduction factor of 118.9 were achieved. Algal floc analysis revealed that flocs formed by ferric chloride and polyaluminium sulfate tended to partially deconstruct into smaller pieces during the filtration process. In contrast, flocs formed by cationic polyacrylamide tended to aggregate into bigger flocs, which, when paired with the effect of flocculant dosage and membrane pore size, could explain the difference in filtration performance and membrane permeance. No negative effect on downstream technology was observed for the combined process. A significantly lowered estimated total cost of 0.139 $/kg under optimum operating condition was obtained compared to filtration without flocculation assisted (0.206 $/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingcong Zhang
- Department of Water Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Guanglan Blvd 418, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Water Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Guanglan Blvd 418, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhang
- Department of Water Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Guanglan Blvd 418, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Water Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Guanglan Blvd 418, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Water Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Guanglan Blvd 418, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Water Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Guanglan Blvd 418, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Bifei Mao
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Materials, East China University of Technology, Guanglan Blvd 418, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China.
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7
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Lu Z, Beal CM, Johnson ZI. Comparative performance and technoeconomic analyses of two microalgae harvesting systems evaluated at a commercially relevant scale. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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8
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Sá M, Ferrer-Ledo N, Gao F, Bertinetto CG, Jansen J, Crespo JG, Wijffels RH, Barbosa M, Galinha CF. Perspectives of fluorescence spectroscopy for online monitoring in microalgae industry. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:1824-1838. [PMID: 35175653 PMCID: PMC9151345 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae industrial production is viewed as a solution for alternative production of nutraceuticals, cosmetics, biofertilizers, and biopolymers. Throughout the years, several technological advances have been implemented, increasing the competitiveness of microalgae industry. However, online monitoring and real-time process control of a microalgae production factory still require further development. In this mini-review, non-destructive tools for online monitoring of cellular agriculture applications are described. Still, the focus is on the use of fluorescence spectroscopy to monitor several parameters (cell concentration, pigments, and lipids) in the microalgae industry. The development presented makes it the most promising solution for monitoring up-and downstream processes, different biological parameters simultaneously, and different microalgae species. The improvements needed for industrial application of this technology are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sá
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands.,Stichting imec Nederland - OnePlanet Research Center, Wageningen, 6708WH, The Netherlands
| | - Narcis Ferrer-Ledo
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands
| | - Fengzheng Gao
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo G Bertinetto
- Institute for Molecules and Materials (Analytical Chemistry), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Jansen
- Institute for Molecules and Materials (Analytical Chemistry), Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - João G Crespo
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Rene H Wijffels
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, N-8049, Norway
| | - Maria Barbosa
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia F Galinha
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
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9
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Sewerin T, Elshof MG, Matencio S, Boerrigter M, Yu J, de Grooth J. Advances and Applications of Hollow Fiber Nanofiltration Membranes: A Review. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:890. [PMID: 34832119 PMCID: PMC8625000 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hollow fiber nanofiltration (NF) membranes have gained increased attention in recent years, partly driven by the availability of alternatives to polyamide-based dense separation layers. Moreover, the global market for NF has been growing steadily in recent years and is expected to grow even faster. Compared to the traditional spiral-wound configuration, the hollow fiber geometry provides advantages such as low fouling tendencies and effective hydraulic cleaning possibilities. The alternatives to polyamide layers are typically chemically more stable and thus allow operation and cleaning at more extreme conditions. Therefore, these new NF membranes are of interest for use in a variety of applications. In this review, we provide an overview of the applications and emerging opportunities for these membranes. Next to municipal wastewater and drinking water processes, we have put special focus on industrial applications where hollow fiber NF membranes are employed under more strenuous conditions or used to recover specific resources or solutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Sewerin
- NX Filtration, Josink Esweg 44, 7545 PN Enschede, The Netherlands; (T.S.); (M.G.E.)
| | - Maria G. Elshof
- NX Filtration, Josink Esweg 44, 7545 PN Enschede, The Netherlands; (T.S.); (M.G.E.)
| | - Sonia Matencio
- LEITAT Technological Center, C/Pallars, 179-185, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; (S.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Marcel Boerrigter
- LEITAT Technological Center, C/Pallars, 179-185, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; (S.M.); (M.B.)
| | - Jimmy Yu
- Pepsi Co., Inc., Global R & D, 350 Columbus Ave, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA;
| | - Joris de Grooth
- NX Filtration, Josink Esweg 44, 7545 PN Enschede, The Netherlands; (T.S.); (M.G.E.)
- Membrane Science & Technology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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10
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Chen Z, Qiu S, Yu Z, Li M, Ge S. Enhanced Secretions of Algal Cell-Adhesion Molecules and Metal Ion-Binding Exoproteins Promote Self-Flocculation of Chlorella sp. Cultivated in Municipal Wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:11916-11924. [PMID: 34424674 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of self-flocculation remains unclear, partially impeding its efficiency enhancement and commercial application of microalgae-based municipal wastewater (MW) bioremediation technology. This study revealed the contributions of exoproteins [PN, proteins in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)] to the separation of indigenous microalgae from treated MW. Compared to the low light intensity group, the high light intensity (HL) group produced Chlorella sp. with 4.3-fold higher self-flocculation efficiencies (SE). This was attributed to the enriched biological functions and positional rearrangement of increased PN within 2.9-fold higher EPS. Specifically, a total of 75 PN was over-expressed in the HL group among the 129 PN identified through label-free proteomics. The algal cell-adhesion molecules (Algal-CAMs) and metal-ion-binding PN were demonstrated as two dominant contributors promoting cell adhesion and bridging, through function prediction based on the contained domains. The modeled 3D structure showed that Algal-CAMs presented less hydrophilic α-helix abundance and were distributed in the outermost position of the EPS matrix, further facilitating microalgal separation. Moreover, the 10.1% lower hydrophily degree value, negative interfacial free energy (-19.5 mJ/m2), and 6.8-fold lower energy barrier between cells also supported the observed higher SE. This finding is expected to further fill the knowledge gap of the role of PN in microalgal self-flocculation and promote the development of biomass recovery from the microalgae-wastewater system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziwei Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengting Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shijian Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
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11
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A Review of Energy Consumption in the Acquisition of Bio-Feedstock for Microalgae Biofuel Production. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13168873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae biofuel is expected to be an ideal alternative to fossil fuels to mitigate the effects of climate change and the energy crisis. However, the production process of microalgae biofuel is sometimes considered to be energy intensive and uneconomical, which limits its large-scale production. Several cultivation systems are used to acquire feedstock for microalgal biofuels production. The energy consumption of different cultivation systems is different, and the concentration of culture medium (microalgae cells contained in the unit volume of medium) and other properties of microalgae vary with the culture methods, which affects the energy consumption of subsequent processes. This review compared the energy consumption of different cultivation systems, including the open pond system, four types of closed photobioreactor (PBR) systems, and the hybrid cultivation system, and the energy consumption of the subsequent harvesting process. The biomass concentration and areal biomass production of every cultivation system were also analyzed. The results show that the flat-panel PBRs and the column PBRs are both preferred for large-scale biofuel production for high biomass productivity.
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12
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Lam Z, Anlauf H, Nirschl H. Thin‐Film Filtration of Difficult‐to‐Filter Suspensions Using Polymeric Membranes. Chem Eng Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202000615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zihim Lam
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics (MVM) Strasse am Forum 8 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Harald Anlauf
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics (MVM) Strasse am Forum 8 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Hermann Nirschl
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics (MVM) Strasse am Forum 8 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
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13
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Wan Osman WNA, Mat Nawi NI, Samsuri S, Bilad MR, Khan AL, Hunaepi H, Jaafar J, Lam MK. Ultra low-pressure filtration system for energy efficient microalgae filtration. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07367. [PMID: 34222699 PMCID: PMC8243011 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae-based products have gained growing interest leading to an increase in large-scale cultivation. However, the high energy associated with microalgae harvesting becomes one of the bottlenecks. This study evaluated an energy-efficient microalga harvesting via ultra-low-pressure membrane (ULPM) filtration (<20 kPa) in combination with aeration. ULPM offered various benefits especially in terms of reducing the energy consumption due to it operated under low transmembrane pressure (TMP). High TMP often associated with high pumping energy hence would increase the amount of energy consumed. In addition, membrane with high TMP would severely affect by membrane compaction. Results showed that membrane compaction leads to up to 66 % clean water permeability loss when increasing the TMP from 2.5 to 19 kPa. The Chlorella vulgaris broth permeabilities decreased from 1660 and 1250 to 296 and 251 L/m2hrbar for corresponding TMPs for system with and without aeration, respectively. However, it was found that membrane fouling was more vulnerable at low TMP due to poor foulant scouring from a low crossflow velocity in which up to 56 % of permeability losses were observed. Membrane fouling is the biggest drawback of membrane system as it would reduce the membrane performance. In this study, aeration was introduced as membrane fouling control to scour-off the foulant from membrane surface and pores. In terms of energy consumption, it was observed that the specific energy consumption for the ULPM were very low of up to 4.4 × 10-3 kWh/m3. Overall, combination of low TMP with aeration offers lowest energy input.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Nur Aisyah Wan Osman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.,HICoE Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Normi Izati Mat Nawi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Shafirah Samsuri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.,HICoE Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Roil Bilad
- Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika, Jl. Pemuda No. 59A, Mataram 83126, Indonesia.,Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | - Asim Laeeq Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hunaepi Hunaepi
- Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika, Jl. Pemuda No. 59A, Mataram 83126, Indonesia
| | - Juhana Jaafar
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Man Kee Lam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.,HICoE Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
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Xu X, Zhang H, Gao T, Teng J. Impacts of applied voltage on forward osmosis process harvesting microalgae: Filtration behaviors and lipid extraction efficiency. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:145678. [PMID: 33940758 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are promising source of biofuels, while harvesting process is the obstacle for the further development. Herein, a treatment system that combined electrochemical process with forward osmosis (FO) membrane filtration process was developed to achieve microalgae harvesting. The conductive FO membranes were used as both electrode materials and basic separation system. With -5 V electric field being applied, 57.6% of reduction in water flux loss was observed, while microalgae recovery efficiency increased by 17.3%. The lipid content also increased to nearly 38%. Meanwhile, the inevitable reverse diffusion of solutes in the FO process and the concentration process of the microalgae solution increased the salinity of the microalgae solution, which is generally regarded as an obstacle for the application of FO. However, in the electrically-assisted FO system, it not only improved the efficiency of the electrochemical process, but also can increase the lipid content. The lipid extraction efficiency of the -5 V electric field increased from 17.7% and 28.5% to 20.4% and 31.1%, respectively, with one and two times extractions. The synergistic effect of the reverse diffusion of Cl- and electrochemical process was conducive for the improvement of the lipid extraction efficiency, and is expected to reduce the energy consumption of the lipid extraction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Hanmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, PR China.
| | - Tianyu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Jiaheng Teng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, PR China
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15
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16
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Zheng M, Yang Y, Qiao S, Zhou J, Quan X. A porous carbon-based electro-Fenton hollow fiber membrane with good antifouling property for microalgae harvesting. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Perspectives and design considerations of capillary-driven artificial trees for fast dewatering processes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8631. [PMID: 33883623 PMCID: PMC8060284 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88006-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent progresses on nanocapillary-driven water transport under metastable conditions have substantiated the potential of artificial trees for dewatering applications in a wide pressure range. This paper presents a comprehensive performance analysis of artificial trees encompassing the principle for negative capillary pressure generation; impacts of structural, compositional, and environmental conditions on dewatering performance; and design considerations. It begins by delineating functionalities of artificial trees for evaporation (leaves), conduction (xylem), and filtration (root) of water, in the analogy to natural trees. The analysis revealed that the magnitude of (negative) capillary pressure in the artificial leaves and xylem must be sufficiently large to overcome the osmotic pressure of feed at the root. The required magnitude can be reduced by increasing the osmotic pressure in the artificial xylem conduits, which reduces the risk of cavitation and subsequent blockage of water transport. However, a severe concentration polarization that can occur in long xylem conduits would negate such compensation effect of xylem osmotic pressure, leading to vapor pressure depression at the artificial leaves and therefore reduced dewatering rates. Enhanced Taylor dispersions by increasing xylem conduit diameters are found to alleviate the concentration polarization, allowing for water flux enhancement directly by increasing leaf-to-root membrane area ratio.
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18
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Harvesting of Microalgae Biomass Using Ceramic Microfiltration at High Cross-Flow Velocity. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:1147-1169. [PMID: 33411132 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03455-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the harvesting of microalgae by microfiltration (MF) on a ceramic membrane at relatively high cross-flow velocity (CFV) of interest for commercial processes. Pilot-scale harvesting was conducted with algal suspensions (Chlorella vulgaris and Tisochrysis lutea (T-Iso)) and algal supernatants (Porphyridium cruentum) to assess the effect of feedstock characteristics and understand flux decline mechanisms. In total recycle mode (C. vulgaris, 1 g/L), high steady-state permeation flux around 200 L/m2/h was achieved. Total filtration resistance was mainly due to cake resistance (Rc, 57%) and pore adsorption and blocking (Ra, 40%). The process hydrodynamic conditions seemed to have relatively little effect on Chlorella cell integrity. In concentration mode, average permeate flux decreased from 441 to 73 L/m2/h with increasing feed concentration (C. vulgaris, 0.25-1 g/L); the contribution of Rc decreased (82 to 57%), while that of Ra rose (7 to 40%). With T-Iso suspensions and P. cruentum supernatants at 1 g/L, average permeate flux was 59 and 49 L/m2/h, respectively, with predominance of Rc and Ra, respectively. Distinct fouling mechanisms were inferred to explain the superior filterability of C. vulgaris. The results show that ceramic membrane MF at relatively high CFV could be a suitable option for harvesting certain microalgae including C. vulgaris.
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Ma C, Huang J, Wang L, Zhao B, Zhang Z, Zhang H. Microalgae dewatering using a hybrid dead-end/cross-flow forward osmosis system: Influence of microalgae properties, draw solution properties, and hydraulic conditions. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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20
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Robles Á, Capson-Tojo G, Gales A, Viruela A, Sialve B, Seco A, Steyer JP, Ferrer J. Performance of a membrane-coupled high-rate algal pond for urban wastewater treatment at demonstration scale. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 301:122672. [PMID: 31945681 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of an outdoor membrane-coupled high-rate algal pond equipped with industrial-scale membranes for treating urban wastewater. Decoupling biomass retention time (BRT) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) by membrane filtration resulted in improved process efficiencies, with higher biomass productivities and nutrient removal rates when operating at low HRTs. At 6 days of BRT, biomass productivity increased from 30 to 66 and to 95 g·m-3·d-1 when operating at HRTs of 6, 4 and 2.5 days, respectively. The corresponding nitrogen removal rates were 4, 8 and 11 g N·m-3·d-1 and the phosphorous removal rates were 0.5, 1.3 and 1.6 g P·m-3·d-1. The system was operated keeping moderate specific air demands (0.25 m3·m-2·h-1), resulting in reasonable operating and maintenance costs (€0.04 per m3) and energy requirements (0.29 kWh per m3). The produced water was free of pathogens and could be directly used for reusing purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Robles
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Gabriel Capson-Tojo
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Amandine Gales
- LBE, Univ. Montpellier, INRA, 102 avenue des Etangs, 11100 Narbonne, France
| | - Alexandre Viruela
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Bruno Sialve
- LBE, Univ. Montpellier, INRA, 102 avenue des Etangs, 11100 Narbonne, France
| | - Aurora Seco
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - José Ferrer
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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21
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Lam Z, Anlauf H, Nirschl H. High‐Pressure Jet Cleaning of Polymeric Microfiltration Membranes. Chem Eng Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201900449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zihim Lam
- Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyInstitute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics Straße am Forum 8 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Harald Anlauf
- Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyInstitute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics Straße am Forum 8 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Hermann Nirschl
- Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyInstitute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics Straße am Forum 8 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
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22
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Kitani H, Demura M, Morisada S, Ohto K, Kawakita H. Dewatering of algal suspension using microfiltration with cross flow in the presence of magnetite as a filter aid. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 36:e2979. [PMID: 32043824 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dewatering algal suspensions is an important step in the extraction of oil and other useful substances from algae. In this study, spherical Nannochloropsis sp. and ellipsoidal Monoraphidium sp. suspensions were dewatered in the presence of different amounts of 350-nm magnetite particles using a microfiltration membrane with 360-nm pores in cross-flow mode. Magnetite functions as a filter aid by reducing the deformation of the cake of filtered algae on the membrane and providing paths for water to flow through the filtration cake of algae. In the case of Nannochloropsis sp., the highest dewatering rate was obtained when the number ratio, defined based on the size and ideal density, between Nannochloropsis sp. and magnetite was 1:12.5, but the addition of magnetite had no observable effect on the filtration of ellipsoidal Monoraphidium sp. suspensions through the membrane. After dewatering, magnetite was effectively separated from the concentrated algal suspension by the application of a magnetic field in an open flow system. Magnetite has the potential to enhance dewatering performance using a cross-flow membrane system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidemi Kitani
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | | | - Shintaro Morisada
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ohto
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kawakita
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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23
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Huang R, Liu Z, Yan B, Li Y, Li H, Liu D, Wang P, Cui F, Shi W. Layer-by-layer assembly of high negatively charged polycarbonate membranes with robust antifouling property for microalgae harvesting. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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24
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Roy M, Mohanty K. A comprehensive review on microalgal harvesting strategies: Current status and future prospects. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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25
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Das P, Thaher M, Khan S, AbdulQuadir M, Al-Jabri H. The effect of culture salinity on the harvesting of microalgae biomass using pilot-scale tangential-flow-filter membrane. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 293:122057. [PMID: 31491653 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of culture salinity (4-6% NaCl) on the harvesting of two microalgal strains (i.e., Picochlorum sp., and Tetraselmis sp.) was investigated using pilot-scale TFF membranes. The cultures of these two strains were collected from their respective continuous cultivation in 2, 25,000 L raceway ponds. For both strains, an increase in culture salinity aggravated the membrane fouling and hence negatively influenced the permeate flux rate, biomass concentrating factor, and energy requirement in biomass harvesting. For the TFF membranes, an increase in 1% NaCl salinity, the volume of processed permeate reduced by 30-44 %, the energy consumption per unit volume of permeate increased by 3-63%, and the biomass concentrating factor reduced by 47-61%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Probir Das
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Qatar.
| | - Mahmoud Thaher
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Qatar
| | - Shoyeb Khan
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Qatar
| | - Mohammad AbdulQuadir
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Qatar
| | - Hareb Al-Jabri
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Qatar
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26
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Sá M, Monte J, Brazinha C, Galinha CF, Crespo JG. Fluorescence coupled with chemometrics for simultaneous monitoring of cell concentration, cell viability and medium nitrate during production of carotenoid-rich Dunaliella salina. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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27
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Das P, Khan S, Thaher M, AbdulQuadir M, Hoekman SK, Al-Jabri H. Effect of harvesting methods on the energy requirement of Tetraselmis sp. biomass production and biocrude yield and quality. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 284:9-15. [PMID: 30925427 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A halo-tolerant Tetraselmis sp. was grown in a 100,000 L raceway pond in the Qatari desert environment. As the biomass density reached 0.679 g/L, after 7 days, five different harvesting methods (i.e., cross-flow filtration, electrocoagulation, and coagulation-flocculation by FeCl3, NaOH, and alum) were applied to harvest the biomass. Hydrothermal liquefaction, for all the harvested biomass, was conducted at 350 °C for 30 mins in 10 mL Swagelok unions. The biocrude yield from cross-flow processed biomass (i.e., control) was 50.8%. Biocrude yield from electrocoagulation and alum processed biomass were 62.7% and 60.4% respectively where aluminum could have a catalytic effect. Biocrude yield from FeCl3 and NaOH processed biomass were 42.9% and 19.8% respectively. The total fraction of alkenes and alkanes was higher in the biocrude obtained from alum-harvested biomass, compared to other biocrude samples. However, the transition of metal species from biomass to biocrude was very low in all the biocrudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Probir Das
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - Shoyeb Khan
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Mahmoud Thaher
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Mohammed AbdulQuadir
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - S Kent Hoekman
- Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA
| | - Hareb Al-Jabri
- Algal Technology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
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28
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Zappi ME, Bajpai R, Hernandez R, Mikolajczyk A, Lord Fortela D, Sharp W, Chirdon W, Zappi K, Gang D, Nigam KDP, Revellame ED. Microalgae Culturing To Produce Biobased Diesel Fuels: An Overview of the Basics, Challenges, and a Look toward a True Biorefinery Future. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Krishna D. P. Nigam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, I.I.T. Delhi, Hauz-khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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29
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Kim D, Kwak M, Kim K, Chang YK. Turbulent jet-assisted microfiltration for energy efficient harvesting of microalgae. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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30
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Liu Q, Demirel E, Chen Y, Gong T, Zhang X, Chen Y. Improving antifouling performance for the harvesting of
Scenedesmus acuminatus
using Fe
2
O
3
nanoparticles incorporated PVC nanocomposite membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Liu
- Center for Microalgal Biotechnology and BiofuelsInstitute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China
- Key Laboratory for Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Elif Demirel
- Department of Chemical EngineeringEskisehir Technical University Eskisehir 26555 Turkey
- School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332 USA
| | - Yong Chen
- Center for Microalgal Biotechnology and BiofuelsInstitute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China
- Key Laboratory for Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Ting Gong
- Center for Microalgal Biotechnology and BiofuelsInstitute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China
- Key Laboratory for Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Xuezhi Zhang
- Center for Microalgal Biotechnology and BiofuelsInstitute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China
- Key Laboratory for Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- Center for Microalgal Biotechnology and BiofuelsInstitute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China
- Key Laboratory for Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China
- School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332 USA
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31
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Taghavijeloudar M, Park J, Hashemi S, Han M. The effects of surfactants (sodium dodecyl sulfate, triton X-100 and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide) on the dewaterability of microalgae biomass using pressure filtration. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 273:565-572. [PMID: 30476865 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The application of pressure filtration in microalgae harvesting requires chemical pretreatment in order to reduce membrane fouling and to increase water flux. Surfactants have shown potential to enhance microalgae dewaterability by charge neutralization, bridging and releasing extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and bound water. In this study, the effect of three surfactants including anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), non-ionic triton X-100 and cationic cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) on the dewaterability of Chlamydomonas sp. was investigated. Filtration fluxes and biomass concentrations were used to evaluate the microalgae dewaterability. Based on the results, SDS and Triton X-100 had a negative effect on the dewaterability of microalgae biomass. However, CTAB improved the dewaterability by decreasing the reversible and irreversible fouling resistance. The optimum dosage of CTAB was found to be 1500 mg/L, and resulted in 95.8% and 140% improvement on average water flux and biomass recovery efficiency, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junboum Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, South Korea
| | - Shervin Hashemi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, South Korea
| | - Mooyoung Han
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, South Korea
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32
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Fuad N, Omar R, Kamarudin S, Harun R, Idris A, W.A.K.G. WA. Mass harvesting of marine microalgae using different techniques. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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33
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Liao Y, Bokhary A, Maleki E, Liao B. A review of membrane fouling and its control in algal-related membrane processes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 264:343-358. [PMID: 29983228 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Membrane technologies have received much attention in microalgae biorefinery for nutrients removal from wastewater, carbon dioxide abatement from the air as well as the production of value-added products and biofuel in recent years. This paper provides a state-of-the-art review on membrane fouling issues and its control in membrane photobioreactors (MPBRs) and other algal-related membrane processes (harvesting, dewatering, and biofuel production). The mechanisms of membrane fouling and factors affecting membrane fouling in algal-related membrane processes are systematically reviewed. Also, strategies to control membrane fouling in algal-related membrane processes are summarized and discussed. Finally, the gaps, challenges, and opportunities in membrane fouling control in algal-related membrane technologies are identified and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Alnour Bokhary
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Esmat Maleki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Baoqiang Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada.
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34
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Zhang Y, Fu Q. Algal fouling of microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes and control strategies: A review. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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35
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Singh G, Patidar SK. Microalgae harvesting techniques: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 217:499-508. [PMID: 29631239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae with wide range of commercial applications have attracted a lot of attention of the researchers in the last few decades. However, microalgae utilization is not economically sustainable due to high cost of harvesting. A wide range of solid - liquid separation techniques are available for microalgae harvesting. The techniques include coagulation and flocculation, flotation, centrifugation and filtration or a combination of various techniques. Despite the importance of harvesting to the economics and energy balance, there is no universal harvesting technique for microalgae. Therefore, this review focuses on assessing technical, economical and application potential of various harvesting techniques so as to allow selection of an appropriate technology for cost effectively harvesting of microalgae from their culture medium. Various harvesting and concentrating techniques of microalgae were reviewed to suggest order of suitability of the techniques for four main microalgae applications i.e biofuel, human and animal food, high valued products, and water quality restoration. For deciding the order of suitability, a comparative analysis of various harvesting techniques based on the six common criterions (i.e biomass quality, cost, biomass quantity, processing time, species specific and toxicity) has been done. Based on the order of various techniques vis-a-vis various criteria and preferred order of criteria for various applications, order of suitability of harvesting techniques for various applications has been decided. Among various harvesting techniques, coagulation and flocculation, centrifugation and filtration were found to be most suitable for considered applications. These techniques may be used alone or in combination for increasing the harvesting efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulab Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India.
| | - S K Patidar
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India.
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Marbelia L, Bilad MR, Maes S, Arafat HA, Vankelecom IFJ. Poly(vinylidene fluoride)-Based Membranes for Microalgae Filtration. Chem Eng Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201700622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisendra Marbelia
- KU Leuven; Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2461 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Muhammad R. Bilad
- Universiti Teknologi Petronas; Department of Chemical Engineering; Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610 Perak Malaysia
| | - Sarah Maes
- KU Leuven; Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2461 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Hassan A. Arafat
- Masdar Institute of Science and Technology; Institute Center for Water and Environment (iWater); Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; P.O. Box 54224 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Ivo F. J. Vankelecom
- KU Leuven; Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis; Faculty of Bioscience Engineering; Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2461 3001 Leuven Belgium
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Hovestadt M, Friebe S, Helmich L, Lange M, Möllmer J, Gläser R, Mundstock A, Hartmann M. Continuous Separation of Light Olefin/Paraffin Mixtures on ZIF-4 by Pressure Swing Adsorption and Membrane Permeation. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040889. [PMID: 29641508 PMCID: PMC6017269 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, two zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) called ZIF-4 and ZIF-zni (zni is the network topology) were characterized by sorption studies regarding their paraffin/olefin separation potential. In particular, equilibrated pure and mixed gas adsorption isotherms of ethane and ethene were recorded at 293 K up to 3 MPa. ZIF-4 exhibits selectivities for ethane in the range of 1.5–3, which is promising for continuous pressure swing adsorption (PSA). ZIF-4 shows high cycle stability with promising separation potential regarding ethane, which results in purification of the more industrial desired olefin. Furthermore, both ZIF materials were implemented in Matrimid to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) and were used in the continuous separation of a propane/propene mixture. The separation performance of the neat polymer is drastically increased after embedding porous ZIF-4 crystals in the Matrimid matrix, especially at higher feed pressures (3–5 barg). Due to the smaller kinetic diameter of the olefin, the permeability is higher compared to the paraffin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Hovestadt
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center (ECRC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Friebe
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstrasse 3A, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Lailah Helmich
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstrasse 3A, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Marcus Lange
- Institut für Nichtklassische Chemie e.V. (INC), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Jens Möllmer
- Institut für Nichtklassische Chemie e.V. (INC), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Roger Gläser
- Institut für Nichtklassische Chemie e.V. (INC), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Alexander Mundstock
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstrasse 3A, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Martin Hartmann
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center (ECRC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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38
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Membrane fouling of forward osmosis in dewatering of soluble algal products: Comparison of TFC and CTA membranes. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Innovative harvesting processes for microalgae biomass production: A perspective from patent literature. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Son J, Sung M, Ryu H, Oh YK, Han JI. Microalgae dewatering based on forward osmosis employing proton exchange membrane. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:57-62. [PMID: 28777991 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, electrically-facilitated forward osmosis (FO) employing proton exchange membrane (PEM) was established for the purpose of microalgae dewatering. An increase in water flux was observed when an external voltage was applied to the FO equipped with the PEM; as expected, the trend became more dramatic with both concentration of draw solution and applied voltage raised. With this FO used for microalgae dewatering, 247% of increase in flux and 86% in final biomass concentration were observed. In addition to the effect on flux improvement, the electrically-facilitated FO exhibited the ability to remove chlorophyll from the dewatered biomass, down to 0.021±0015mg/g cell. All these suggest that the newly suggested electrically-facilitated FO, one particularly employed PEM, can indeed offer a workable way of dewatering of microalgae; it appeared to be so because it can also remove the ever-problematic chlorophyll from extracted lipids in a simultaneous fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Son
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Sung
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoyoung Ryu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Kwan Oh
- Biomass and Waste Energy Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-In Han
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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41
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Bhujade R, Chidambaram M, Kumar A, Sapre A. Algae to Economically Viable Low-Carbon-Footprint Oil. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2017; 8:335-357. [PMID: 28592173 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-060816-101630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Algal oil as an alternative to fossil fuel has attracted attention since the 1940s, when it was discovered that many microalgae species can produce large amounts of lipids. Economics and energy security were the motivational factors for a spurt in algae research during the 1970s, 1990s, and early 2000s. Whenever crude prices declined, research on algae stopped. The scenario today is different. Even given low and volatile crude prices ($30-$50/barrel), interest in algae continues all over the world. Algae, with their cure-all characteristics, have the potential to provide sustainable solutions to problems in the energy-food-climate nexus. However, after years of effort, there are no signs of algae-to-biofuel technology being commercialized. This article critically reviews past work; summarizes the current status of the technology; and based on the lessons learned, provides a balanced perspective on a potential path toward commercialization of algae-to-oil technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Bhujade
- Reliance Technology Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Ghansoli, Navi Mumbai-400701, India; , , ,
| | - Mandan Chidambaram
- Reliance Technology Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Ghansoli, Navi Mumbai-400701, India; , , ,
| | - Avnish Kumar
- Reliance Technology Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Ghansoli, Navi Mumbai-400701, India; , , ,
| | - Ajit Sapre
- Reliance Technology Group, Reliance Industries Limited, Ghansoli, Navi Mumbai-400701, India; , , ,
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Park S, Kim J, Park Y, Son S, Cho S, Kim C, Lee T. Comparison of batch cultivation strategies for cost-effective biomass production of Micractinium inermum NLP-F014 using a blended wastewater medium. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 234:432-438. [PMID: 28347963 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two competitive strategies, fed-batch and sequencing-batch cultivation, were compared in cost-effective biomass production of a high lipid microalgae, Micractinium inermum NLP-F014 using a blended wastewater medium. For fed-batch cultivations, additional nutrient was supplemented at day 2 (FB1) or consecutively added at day 2 and 4 (FB2). Through inoculum size test, 1.0g-DCWL-1 was selected for the sequencing-batch cultivation (SB) where about 65% of culture was replaced with fresh medium every 2days. Both fed-batch cultivations showed the maximum biomass productivity of 0.95g-DCWL-1d-1, while average biomass productivity in SB was slightly higher as 0.96±0.08g-DCWL-1d-1. Furthermore, remained concentrations of organics (426mg-CODL-1), total nitrogen (15.4mg-NL-1) and phosphorus (0.6mg-PL-1) in SB were much lower than those of fed-batch conditions. The results suggested that SB could be a promising strategy to cultivate M. inermum NLP-F014 with the blended wastewater medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonghwan Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmi Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghyun Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyoung Son
- Information Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, 1217, Jungang-daero Road, Yeon-ji-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunja Cho
- Department of Microbiology, School of Natural Science, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Changwon Kim
- Institute of Environmental Technology and Industry, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Zhao F, Chu H, Yu Z, Jiang S, Zhao X, Zhou X, Zhang Y. The filtration and fouling performance of membranes with different pore sizes in algae harvesting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 587-588:87-93. [PMID: 28237468 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, ultrafiltration membranes with three different pore sizes were applied for algae harvesting to investigate filtration performance. The critical fluxes (JC) increased as the pore size increased, and the JC of 0.03-, 0.05- and 0.1-μm membranes were 20.0, 25.0 and 42.0Lm-2h-1, respectively. During continuous filtration, 0.7JC was selected as the operation flux and the 0.1-μm membrane had the highest initial flux and final flux. It also had the highest flux decline rate, and therefore, the 0.1-μm membrane was more appropriate for algae separation compared to the 0.03- and 0.05-μm membrane. The mechanism by which pore size influenced filtration performance and membrane fouling was presented from the viewpoint of permeate drag force (FD). A lower FD retarded the velocity of algae cells towards the membrane, which could decelerate the deposition of particles on the membrane and thus reduce the membrane fouling rate. As the pore size increased, the membrane hydraulic resistance (Rm) decreased, which led to a decrease of FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangchao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Huaqiang Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhenjiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shuhong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xinhua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xuefei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yalei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Sá M, Monte J, Brazinha C, Galinha CF, Crespo JG. 2D Fluorescence spectroscopy for monitoring Dunaliella salina concentration and integrity during membrane harvesting. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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45
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Shekhar M, Shriwastav A, Bose P, Hameed S. Microfiltration of algae: Impact of algal species, backwashing mode and duration of filtration cycle. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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46
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Larronde-Larretche M, Jin X. Microalgal biomass dewatering using forward osmosis membrane: Influence of microalgae species and carbohydrates composition. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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47
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Lecina M, Sanchez B, Solà C, Prat J, Roldán M, Hernández M, Bragós R, Paredes CJ, Cairó JJ. Structural changes of Arthrospira sp. after low energy sonication treatment for microalgae harvesting: Elucidating key parameters to detect the rupture of gas vesicles. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 223:98-104. [PMID: 27788433 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The buoyancy suppression by low energy sonication (LES) treatment (0.8W·mL-1, 20kHz, 10s) has recently been proposed as an initial harvesting step for Arthrospira sp. This paper aims to describe the structural changes in Arthrospira sp. after LES treatment and to present how these structural changes affect the results obtained by different analytical techniques. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs of trichomes evidenced the gas vesicles rupture but also revealed a rearrangement of thylakoids and more visible phycobilisomes were observed. Differences between treated and untreated samples were detected by confocal microscopy, flow cytometry and optical microscopy but not by electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). After LES treatment, 2-fold increase in autofluorescence at 610/660nm was measured (phycocyanin/allophycocyanin emission wavelengths) and a ten-fold decrease in side scatter light intensity (due to a reduction of trichome's inner complexity). This was further confirmed by optical microscopy showing changes on trichomes appearance (from wrinkled to smooth).
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Affiliation(s)
- Martí Lecina
- Department of Chemial, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Benjamin Sanchez
- Electronic and Biomedical Instrumentation Group, Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Campus Nord, C-4, C/ Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Solà
- Department of Chemial, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jordi Prat
- Department of Chemial, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Mònica Roldán
- Servei de Microscòpia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici C, Facultat de Ciències, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Mariona Hernández
- Dep. Productes Naturals, Biologia Vegetal i Edafologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Bragós
- Electronic and Biomedical Instrumentation Group, Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Campus Nord, C-4, C/ Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos J Paredes
- Department of Chemial, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jordi J Cairó
- Department of Chemial, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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48
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Zhao F, Chu H, Su Y, Tan X, Zhang Y, Yang L, Zhou X. Microalgae harvesting by an axial vibration membrane: The mechanism of mitigating membrane fouling. J Memb Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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49
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Park JW, Kim SH, Ito T, Fujii T, Kim SY, Laurell T, Lee SW, Goda K. Acoustofluidic harvesting of microalgae on a single chip. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2016; 10:034119. [PMID: 27462380 PMCID: PMC4920807 DOI: 10.1063/1.4954744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present an on-chip acoustofluidic platform for harvesting a target microalgal species from a heterogeneous population of cells and particles based on their size, density, and compressibility in a rapid, non-invasive, energy-efficient, continuously running, and automated manner. For our proof-of-principle demonstration, we use Euglena gracilis as a target species. Specifically, we show the simultaneous separation and enrichment of E. gracilis from a mixed population of E. gracilis in pond water (consisting of other microalgae and various kinds of particles as contaminants) on a single acoustofluidic chip with a recovery ratio of 92.6%, a target separation ratio of 90.1%, a concentration factor of 3.43, an enrichment factor of 12.76, and a cell viability rate of 98.3% at a high volume rate of 500 μl/min. Our results indicate that the on-chip acoustofluidic platform is an effective tool for harvesting target microalgae from mixed populations of microalgae and other contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Woong Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Soo Hyeon Kim
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo , Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Takuro Ito
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University , Tsuruoka 997-0035, Japan
| | - Teruo Fujii
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo , Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - So Youn Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University , Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Sang Wook Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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50
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Honda R, Rukapan W, Komura H, Teraoka Y, Noguchi M, Hoek EMV. Effects of membrane orientation on fouling characteristics of forward osmosis membrane in concentration of microalgae culture. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 197:429-433. [PMID: 26356114 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.08.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Application of forward osmosis (FO) membrane to microalgae cultivation processes enables concentration of microalgae and nutrients with low energy consumption. To understand fouling characteristics of FO membrane in concentration of microalgae culture, we studied flux decline, flux recovery by cleaning, and foulants characteristics, in different membrane orientation of active-layer-facing-feed-solution (AL-FS) and active-layer-facing-draw-solution (AL-DS) modes. Batch concentration of Chlorella vulgaris was conducted with a cellulose-triacetate FO membrane. Rapid flux decline and lower flux recovery was observed in AL-DS mode because of inner-membrane fouling including internal pore clogging, adsorption and internal concentration polarization in the support layer. A proportion of polysaccharides in extracellular polymeric substances to soluble microbial products were larger in chemical cleaning effluent than physical one in AL-DS mode, although those were not significantly different in AL-FS mode. Excitation-emission matrix analysis revealed that proteins and humic-like substances were also possible irreversible foulants both in AL-DS and AL-FS modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Honda
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Weerapong Rukapan
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hitomi Komura
- School of Environmental Design, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yuta Teraoka
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Mana Noguchi
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Eric M V Hoek
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1593, USA
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