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de la Torre-Rubio E, Muñoz-Moreno L, Bajo AM, Arias-Pérez MS, Cuenca T, Gude L, Royo E. Carbohydrate effect of novel arene Ru(II) phenanthroline-glycoconjugates on metastatic biological processes. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 247:112326. [PMID: 37478778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Novel water-soluble half-sandwich ruthenium(II) polypyridyl-glycoconjugates [Ru(p-cymene)Cl{N-(1,10-phenanthroline-5-yl)-β-glycopyranosylamine}][Cl] (glycopyranosyl = d-glucopyranosyl (1), D-mannopyranosyl (2), L-rhamnopyranosyl (3) and l-xylopyranosyl (4)) have been synthesized and fully characterized. Their behaviour in water under physiological conditions has been studied by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, revealing their hydrolytic stability. Interactions of the novel compounds with duplex-deoxiribonucleic acid (dsDNA) were investigated by different techniques and the results indicate that, under physiological pH and saline conditions, the metal glycoconjugates bind DNA in the minor groove and/or through external, electrostatic interactions, and by a non-classical, partial intercalation mechanism in non-saline phosphate buffered solution. Effects of compounds 1-4 on cell viability have been assessed in vitro against two human cell lines (androgen-independent prostate cancer PC-3 and non-tumorigenic prostate RWPE-1), showing moderate cytotoxicities, with IC50 values higher than those found for free ligands [N-(1,10-phenanthroline-5-yl)-β-glycopyranosylamine] (glycopyranosyl = d-glucopyranosyl (a), D-mannopyranosyl (b), L-rhamnopyranosyl (c) and l-xylopyranosyl (d)) or corresponding metal-aglycone. Cell viability was assayed in the presence and absence of the glucose transporters (GLUTs) inhibitor [N4-{1-(4-cyanobenzyl)-5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl}-7-fluoroquinoline-2,4-dicarboxamide] (BAY-876), and the results point to a negligible impact of the inhibition of GLUTs on the cytotoxicity caused by Ru(II) compounds 1-4. Remarkably, glycoconjugates 1-4 potently affect the migration pattern of PC-3 cells, and the wound healing assay evidence that the presence of the carbohydrate and the Ru(II) center is a requisite for the anti-migratory activity observed in these novel derivatives. In addition, derivatives 1-4 strongly affect the matrix metalloproteinase MMP-9 activities of PC-3 cells, while proMMP-2 and especially proMMP-9 were influenced to a much lesser extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena de la Torre-Rubio
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Muñoz-Moreno
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M Bajo
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria-Selma Arias-Pérez
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Cuenca
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Gude
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Royo
- Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Kang Y, Zhao Y, Wei Y, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Luo Q, Du J, Wang F. Ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes with visible light-enhanced anticancer activity and multimodal cell imaging. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:12478-12489. [PMID: 37602756 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01661g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes have drawn growing attention due to their photophysical properties and anticancer activity. Herein we report four ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes [(N^N)2RuII(L)]2+ (1-4, L = 4-anilinoquinazoline derivatives, N^N = bidentate ligands with bis-nitrogen donors) as multi-functional anticancer agents. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in a broad range of cancer cells and related to many kinds of malignance. EGFR inhibitors, such as gefitinib and erlotinib, have been approved as clinical anticancer drugs. The EGFR-inhibiting 4-anilinoquinazoline ligands greatly enhanced the in vitro anticancer activity of these ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes against a series of human cancer cell lines compared to [Ru(bpy)2(phen)], but interestingly, these complexes were actually not potent EGFR inhibitors. Further mechanism studies revealed that upon irradiation with visible light, complexes 3 and 4 generated a high level of singlet oxygen (1O2), and their in vitro anticancer activities against human non-small-cell lung (A549), cervical (HeLa) and squamous (A431) cancer cells were significantly improved. Specifically, complex 3 displayed potent phototoxicity upon irradiation with blue light, of which the photo-toxicity indexes (PIs) against HeLa and A431 cells were 11 and 8.3, respectively. These complexes exhibited strong fluorescence emission at ca. 600 nm upon excitation at about 450 nm. A subcellular distribution study by fluorescence microscopy imaging and secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging (ToF-SIMS) demonstrated that complex 3 mainly localized at the cytoplasm and complex 4 mainly localized in the nuclei of cells. Competitive binding with ctDNA showed that complex 4 was more favorable to bind to the DNA minor groove than complex 3. These differences support that complex 3 possibly exerts its anticancer activities majorly by photo-induced 1O2 generation and complex 4 by binding to DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Kang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, the Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecular-Based Materials, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China.
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, the Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecular-Based Materials, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoying Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qun Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jun Du
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, the Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecular-Based Materials, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China.
| | - Fuyi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems; National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing; Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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3
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Majumder A, Sarkar C, Das I, Sk S, Bandyopadhyay S, Mandal S, Bera M. Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of a Series of Zinc(II) Complexes of Anthracene-Affixed Multifunctional Organic Assembly as Potential Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Agents against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:22781-22804. [PMID: 37129921 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel class of zinc(II)-based metal complexes, i.e., [Zn2(acdp)(μ-Cl)]·2H2O (1), [Zn2(acdp)(μ-NO3)]·2H2O (2), and [Zn2(acdp)(μ-O2CCF3)]·2H2O (3) (Cl- = chloride; NO3- = nitrate; CF3CO2- = trifluoroacetate) of anthracene-affixed multifunctional organic assembly, H3acdp (H3acdp = N,N'-bis[anthracene-2-ylmethyl]-N,N'-bis[carboxymethyl]-1,3-diaminopropan-2-ol), have emerged as promising antibacterial and antibiofilm agents in the domain of medicinal chemistry. Accordingly, complexes 1-3 were synthesized by utilizing H3acdp in combination with ZnCl2, Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, and Zn(CF3CO2)2·H2O respectively, in the presence of NaOH at ambient temperature. The complexation between H3acdp and Zn2+ was delineated by a combined approach of spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric titration studies. The stoichiometry of acdp3-/Zn2+ in all three complexes is observed to be 1:2, as confirmed by spectrophotometric/spectrofluorometric titration data. Elemental analysis (C, H, N, Zn), molar conductance, FTIR, UV-vis, and thermoanalytical (TGA/DTA) data were effectively used to characterize these complexes. Besides, the structures of 1-3 were established by density functional theory (DFT) calculation using B3LYP/6-311G, specifying a self-assembled compact geometry with average Zn···Zn separation of 3.4629 Å. All three zinc complexes exhibited significantly high antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA BAA1717). However, complex 1 showed a more recognizable activity than 2 and 3, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 200, 350, and 450 μg/mL, respectively. The antimicrobial activity was tested by employing the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and time-kill assay. The crystal violet (CV) assay and microscopic study were performed to examine the antibiofilm activity. As observed, complexes 1-3 had an effect on the production of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), biofilm cell-viability, and other virulence factors such as staphyloxanthin and hemolysin production, autoaggregation ability, and microbial cell-surface hydrophobicity. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated due to inhibition of staphyloxanthin production in response to 1-3 were also analyzed. Moreover, complexes 1-3 showed an ability to damage the bacterial cell membrane due to accumulation of ROS resulting in DNA leakage. In addition, complexes 1-3 displayed a synergistic/additive activity with a commercially available antibiotic drug, vancomycin, with enhanced antibacterial activity. On the whole, our investigation disclosed that complex 1 could be a promising drug lead and attract much attention to medicinal chemists compared to 2 and 3 from therapeutic aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avishek Majumder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Chandan Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Indrajit Das
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Sujan Sk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Shrabasti Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Supratim Mandal
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Manindranath Bera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
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Sk S, Majumder A, Sow P, Samadder A, Bera M. Exploring a new family of designer copper(II) complexes of anthracene-appended polyfunctional organic assembly displaying potential anticancer activity via cytochrome c mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 243:112182. [PMID: 36933342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The present article describes the systematic study on design and synthesis, physicochemical properties and spectroscopic features, and potential anticancer activities of a family of novel copper(II)-based designer metal complexes [Cu2(acdp)(μ-Cl)(H2O)2] (1), [Cu2(acdp)(μ-NO3)(H2O)2] (2) and [Cu2(acdp)(μ-O2CCF3)(H2O)2] (3) of anthracene-appended polyfunctional organic assembly, H3acdp (H3acdp = N,N'-bis[anthracene-2-ylmethyl]-N,N'-bis[carboxymethyl]-1,3-diaminopropan-2-ol). Synthesis of 1-3 was accomplished under facile experimental conditions, preserving their overall integrity in solution. The incorporation of polycyclic anthracene skeleton within the backbone of organic assembly increases lipophilicity of resulting complexes, thereby dictating the degree of cellular uptake with improved biological activity. Complexes 1-3 were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, FTIR, UV-Vis absorption/fluorescence emission titration spectroscopy, PXRD and TGA/DTA studies, including DFT calculations. The cellular cytotoxicity of 1-3 when studied in HepG2 cancer cell line showed substantial cytotoxic effects, whereas no such cytotoxicity was observed when exposed to normal L6 skeletal muscle cell line. Thereafter, the signaling factors involved in the process of cytotoxicity in HepG2 cancer cells were investigated. Alteration of cytochrome c and Bcl-2 protein expression levels along with modulation of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in the presence of 1-3, strongly suggested the possibility of activating mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway involved in halting the cancer cell propagation. However, when a comparative assessment on their bio-efficacies was made, 1 showed higher cytotoxicity, nuclear condensation, DNA binding and damage, ROS generation and lower rate of cell proliferation compared to 2 and 3 in HepG2 cell line, indicating that the anticancer activity of 1 is significantly higher than that of 2 and 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujan Sk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Avishek Majumder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Priyanka Sow
- Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Asmita Samadder
- Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India.
| | - Manindranath Bera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India.
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5
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Desiatkina O, Boubaker G, Anghel N, Amdouni Y, Hemphill A, Furrer J, Păunescu E. Synthesis, Photophysical Properties and Biological Evaluation of New Conjugates BODIPY: Dinuclear Trithiolato-Bridged Ruthenium(II)-Arene Complexes. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200536. [PMID: 36219484 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis, photophysical properties and antiparasitic efficacy against Toxoplasma gondii β-gal (RH strain tachyzoites expressing β-galactosidase) grown in human foreskin fibroblast monolayers (HFF) of a series of 15 new conjugates BODIPY-trithiolato-bridged dinuclear ruthenium(II)-arene complexes are reported (BODIPY=4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene, derivatives used as fluorescent markers). The influence of the bond type (amide vs. ester), as well as that of the length and nature (alkyl vs. aryl) of the spacer between the dye and the diruthenium(II) complex moiety, on fluorescence and biological activity were evaluated. The assessed photophysical properties revealed that despite an important fluorescence quenching effect observed after conjugating the BODIPY to the diruthenium unit, the hybrids could nevertheless be used as fluorescent tracers. Although the antiparasitic activity of this series of conjugates appears limited, the compounds demonstrate potential as fluorescent probes for investigating the intracellular trafficking of trithiolato-bridged dinuclear Ru(II)-arene complexes in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Desiatkina
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ghalia Boubaker
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicoleta Anghel
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yosra Amdouni
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.,Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, Institution de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Andrew Hemphill
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julien Furrer
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Emilia Păunescu
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
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Dichloro[N-[(η6-phenyl)methyl]-4-(1-(3,5,5,8,8-pentamethyl-5,6,7,8tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)vinyl)benzamide](1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphatricyclo [3.3.1.13,7]decane-κP7)ruthenium. MOLBANK 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/m1506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bexarotene-tethered RuII(arene) compounds with 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphatricyclo[3.3.1.1]decane (PTA) were prepared as an analog of RAPTA antitumor complexes in order to evaluate their in vitro antiproliferative activity against human cancer cell lines.
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Infante-Tadeo S, Rodríguez-Fanjul V, Vequi-Suplicy CC, Pizarro AM. Fast Hydrolysis and Strongly Basic Water Adducts Lead to Potent Os(II) Half-Sandwich Anticancer Complexes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:18970-18978. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Infante-Tadeo
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Faraday 9, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana M. Pizarro
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Faraday 9, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Unidad Asociada de Nanobiotecnología CNB-CSIC-IMDEA, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Bose S, Nguyen HD, Ngo AH, Do LH. Fluorescent half-sandwich iridium picolinamidate complexes for in-cell visualization. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 234:111877. [PMID: 35671630 PMCID: PMC9832325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report on the development of fluorescent half-sandwich iridium complexes using a fluorophore attachment strategy. These constructs consist of pentamethylcyclopentadienyl (Cp*) iridium units ligated by picolinamidate donors conjugated to green-emitting boron-dipyrromethene (bodipy) dyes. Reaction studies in H2O/THF mixtures showed that the fluorescent Ir complexes were active as catalysts for transfer hydrogenation, with activities similar to that of their non-fluorescent counterparts. The iridium complexes were taken up by NIH-3T3 mouse fibroblast cells, with 50% inhibition concentrations ranging from ~20-70 μM after exposure for 3 h. Visualization of the bodipy-functionalized Ir complexes in cells using fluorescence microscopy revealed that they were localized in the mitochondria and lysosome but not the nucleus. These results indicate that our fluorescent iridium complexes could be useful for future biological studies requiring intracellular catalyst tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohini Bose
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Hieu D. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Anh H. Ngo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Loi H. Do
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States,Corresponding author, (L. H. Do)
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Swaminathan S, Haribabu J, Balakrishnan N, Vasanthakumar P, Karvembu R. Piano stool Ru(II)-arene complexes having three monodentate legs: A comprehensive review on their development as anticancer therapeutics over the past decade. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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10
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Lee BYT, Sullivan MP, Yano E, Tong KKH, Hanif M, Kawakubo-Yasukochi T, Jamieson SMF, Soehnel T, Goldstone DC, Hartinger CG. Anthracenyl Functionalization of Half-Sandwich Carbene Complexes: In Vitro Anticancer Activity and Reactions with Biomolecules. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:14636-14644. [PMID: 34528438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands are widely investigated in medicinal inorganic chemistry. Here, we report the preparation and characterization of a series of half-sandwich [M(L)(NHC)Cl2] (M = Ru, Os, Rh, Ir; L = cym/Cp*) complexes with a N-flanking anthracenyl moiety attached to imidazole- and benzimidazole-derived NHC ligands. The anticancer activity of the complexes was investigated in cell culture studies where, in comparison to a Rh derivative with an all-carbon-donor-atom-based ligand (5a), they were found to be cytotoxic with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. The Ru derivative 1a was chosen as a representative for stability studies as well as for biomolecule interaction experiments. It underwent partial chlorido/aqua ligand exchange in DMSO-d6/D2O to rapidly form an equilibrium in aqueous media. The reactions of 1a with biomolecules proceeded quickly and resulted in the formation of adducts with amino acids, DNA, and protein. Hen egg white lysozyme crystals were soaked with 1a, and the crystallographic analysis revealed an interaction with an l-aspartic acid residue (Asp119), resulting in the cleavage of the p-cymene ligand but the retention of the NHC moiety. Cell morphology studies for the Rh analog 3a suggested that the cytotoxicity is exerted via mechanisms different from that of cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ena Yano
- OBT (Oral Health-Brain Health-Total Health) Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | | | | | - Tomoyo Kawakubo-Yasukochi
- OBT (Oral Health-Brain Health-Total Health) Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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11
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Melis DR, Hsiao CY, Combrinck JM, Wiesner L, Smith GS. Subcellular Localisation of a Quinoline-Containing Fluorescent Cyclometallated Ir III Complex in Plasmodium falciparum. Chembiochem 2021; 22:1568-1572. [PMID: 33453069 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A fluorescent analogue of a previously synthesised N,N-chelated IrIII complex was prepared by coordination of the organic ligand to an extrinsic bis(2-phenylpyridine)iridium(III) fluorophore. This cyclometallated IrIII complex in itself displays good, micromolar activity against the chloroquine-sensitive NF54 strain of Plasmodium falciparum. Live-cell confocal microscopy found negligible localisation of the fluorescent complex within the digestive vacuole of the parasite. This eliminated the haem detoxification pathway as a potential mechanism of action. Similarly, no localisation of the complex within the parasitic nucleus was found, thus suggesting that this complex probably does not interfere with the DNA replication process. A substantial saturation of fluorescence from the complex was found near phospholipid structures such as the plasma and nuclear membranes but not in neutral lipid bodies. This indicates that an association with these membranes, or organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum or branched mitochondrion, could be essential to the efficacies of these types of antimalarial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana R Melis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, PD Hahn, Chemistry Mall, Rondebosch, 7701, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Chiao-Yu Hsiao
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jill M Combrinck
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lubbe Wiesner
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gregory S Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, PD Hahn, Chemistry Mall, Rondebosch, 7701, Cape Town, South Africa
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Gonchar MR, Matnurov EM, Burdina TA, Zava O, Ridel T, Milaeva ER, Dyson PJ, Nazarov AA. Ruthenium(II)–arene and triruthenium-carbonyl cluster complexes with new water-soluble phopsphites based on glucose: Synthesis, characterization and antiproliferative activity. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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13
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Franco Machado J, Machuqueiro M, Marques F, Robalo MP, Piedade MFM, Garcia MH, Correia JDG, Morais TS. Novel "ruthenium cyclopentadienyl"-peptide conjugate complexes against human FGFR(+) breast cancer. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:5974-5987. [PMID: 32314752 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00955e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this work we explored the possibility of improving the selectivity of a cytotoxic Ru complex [RuCp(PPh3)(2,2'-bipy)][CF3SO3] (where Cp = η5-cyclopentadienyl) TM34 towards FGFR(+) breast cancer cells. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of TM34 in a phosphatidylcholine membrane model pinpointed the cyclopentadienyl group as a favorable derivatization position for the peptide conjugation approach. Three new Ru(ii) complexes presenting a functionalized η5-cyclopentadienyl were synthesized, namely [Ru(η5-C5H4COOH)(2,2'-bipy)(PPh3)][CF3SO3] (TM281) and its precursors, [Ru(η5-C5H4COOCH2CH3)(η2-2,2'-bipy)(PPh3)][CF3SO3] (3) and [Ru(η5-C5H4COOCH2CH3)(PPh3)2Cl] (2). Complex TM281 was prepared by the hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group appended to the η5-cyclopentadienyl ligand of complex 3 with K2CO3 in water/acetonitrile, followed by mild protonation using an ion exchange resin. The newly synthesized complexes were fully characterized by NMR, FTIR and UV-vis spectroscopic techniques. Also, electrochemical studies were carried out by means of cyclic voltammetry in order to evaluate the stability of the compounds. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies were carried out for compounds 3 and TM281 which crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n. The unprecedented synthesis and characterization of three half-sandwich ruthenium(ii)-cyclopentadienyl peptide conjugates and their preliminary biological evaluation against human FGFR(+) and FGFR(-) breast cancer cells are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Franco Machado
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
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14
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Fernandes AC. Synthesis, Biological Activity and Medicinal Applications of Ruthenium Complexes Containing Carbohydrate Ligands. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:6412-6437. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190124124350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The search for new metal-efficient drugs has attracted considerable attention of the
scientific community. Among them, ruthenium complexes have emerged as an excellent alternative
of platinum complexes. This review presents a thorough and timely coverage of the synthesis,
biological activity and medicinal applications of ruthenium complexes bearing carbohydrate ligands,
allowing a large community of readers, in particularly the community that works in organic,
inorganic, bioorganometallic and medicinal chemistry, ready access to the most relevant examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Fernandes
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049- 001 Lisboa, Portugal
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15
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Mutua GK, Bellam R, Jaganyi D, Mambanda A. The role of N,N-chelate ligand on the reactivity of (η6-p-cymene)Ru(II) complexes: kinetics, DNA and protein interaction studies. J COORD CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2019.1676893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gershom Kyalo Mutua
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega, Kenya
| | - Rajesh Bellam
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Deogratius Jaganyi
- School of Science, College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Allen Mambanda
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
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Abstract
After nearly 20 years of research on the use of ruthenium in the fight against cancer, only two Ru(III) coordination complexes have advanced to clinical trials. During this time, the field has produced excellent candidate drugs with outstanding in vivo and in vitro activity; however, we have yet to find a ruthenium complex that would be a viable alternative to platinum drugs currently used in the clinic. We aimed to explore what we have learned from the most prominent complexes in the area, and to challenge new concepts in chemical design. Particularly relevant are studies involving NKP1339, NAMI-A, RM175, and RAPTA-C, which have paved the way for current research. We explored the development of the ruthenium anticancer field considering that the mechanism of action of complexes no longer focuses solely on DNA interactions, but explores a diverse range of cellular targets involving multiple chemical strategies.
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17
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Kenny RG, Marmion CJ. Toward Multi-Targeted Platinum and Ruthenium Drugs-A New Paradigm in Cancer Drug Treatment Regimens? Chem Rev 2019; 119:1058-1137. [PMID: 30640441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
While medicinal inorganic chemistry has been practised for over 5000 years, it was not until the late 1800s when Alfred Werner published his ground-breaking research on coordination chemistry that we began to truly understand the nature of the coordination bond and the structures and stereochemistries of metal complexes. We can now readily manipulate and fine-tune their properties. This had led to a multitude of complexes with wide-ranging biomedical applications. This review will focus on the use and potential of metal complexes as important therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer. With major advances in technologies and a deeper understanding of the human genome, we are now in a strong position to more fully understand carcinogenesis at a molecular level. We can now also rationally design and develop drug molecules that can either selectively enhance or disrupt key biological processes and, in doing so, optimize their therapeutic potential. This has heralded a new era in drug design in which we are moving from a single- toward a multitargeted approach. This approach lies at the very heart of medicinal inorganic chemistry. In this review, we have endeavored to showcase how a "multitargeted" approach to drug design has led to new families of metallodrugs which may not only reduce systemic toxicities associated with modern day chemotherapeutics but also address resistance issues that are plaguing many chemotherapeutic regimens. We have focused our attention on metallodrugs incorporating platinum and ruthenium ions given that complexes containing these metal ions are already in clinical use or have advanced to clinical trials as anticancer agents. The "multitargeted" complexes described herein not only target DNA but also contain either vectors to enable them to target cancer cells selectively and/or moieties that target enzymes, peptides, and intracellular proteins. Multitargeted complexes which have been designed to target the mitochondria or complexes inspired by natural product activity are also described. A summary of advances in this field over the past decade or so will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reece G Kenny
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry , Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , 123 St. Stephen's Green , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - Celine J Marmion
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry , Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , 123 St. Stephen's Green , Dublin 2 , Ireland
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18
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Influence of Functionalized η
6
‐Arene Rings on Ruthenium(II) Curcuminoids Complexes. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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19
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Movassaghi S, Hanif M, Holtkamp HU, Söhnel T, Jamieson SMF, Hartinger CG. Making organoruthenium complexes of 8-hydroxyquinolines more hydrophilic: impact of a novel l-phenylalanine-derived arene ligand on the biological activity. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:2192-2201. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04451h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Introduction of an l-phenylalanine-derived arene ligand leads to more hydrophilic organoruthenium(8-oxyquinolinato) anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Movassaghi
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
| | - Hannah U. Holtkamp
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
| | - Tilo Söhnel
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
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20
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Nosova YN, Karlov DS, Pisarev SA, Shutkov IA, Palyulin VA, Baquié M, Milaeva ER, Dyson PJ, Nazarov AA. New highly cytotoxic organic and organometallic bexarotene derivatives. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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21
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Su W, Wang X, Lei X, Xiao Q, Huang S, Li P. Synthesis, characterization, cytotoxic activity of half-sandwich rhodium(III), and iridium(III) complexes with curcuminoids. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Lee RFS, Escrig S, Croisier M, Clerc-Rosset S, Knott GW, Meibom A, Davey CA, Johnsson K, Dyson PJ. NanoSIMS analysis of an isotopically labelled organometallic ruthenium(II) drug to probe its distribution and state in vitro. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:16486-9. [PMID: 26426486 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06983a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro inter- and intra-cellular distribution of an isotopically labelled ruthenium(II)-arene (RAPTA) anti-metastatic compound in human ovarian cancer cells was imaged using nano-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS). Ultra-high resolution isotopic images of (13)C, (15)N, and Ru indicate that the phosphine ligand remains coordinated to the ruthenium(II) ion whereas the arene detaches. The complex localizes mainly on the membrane or at the interface between cells which correlates with its anti-metastatic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald F S Lee
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Stéphane Escrig
- Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Marie Croisier
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Electron Microscopy, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Stéphanie Clerc-Rosset
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Electron Microscopy, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Graham W Knott
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Electron Microscopy, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Anders Meibom
- Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. and Center for Advanced Surface Analysis, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Curt A Davey
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Kai Johnsson
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Paul J Dyson
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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23
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Murray BS, Babak MV, Hartinger CG, Dyson PJ. The development of RAPTA compounds for the treatment of tumors. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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24
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Bertrand B, Doulain PE, Goze C, Bodio E. Development of trackable metal-based drugs: new generation of therapeutic agents. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:13005-11. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04275e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Today, it is not sufficient to conceive an efficient drug, its mechanism of action have to be understood. To tackle this issue, trackable therapeutic agents are an interesting solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Bertrand
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire
- UMR 6302 CNRS Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- 21078 Dijon
- France
- School of Chemistry
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Doulain
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire
- UMR 6302 CNRS Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- 21078 Dijon
- France
| | - Christine Goze
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire
- UMR 6302 CNRS Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- 21078 Dijon
- France
| | - Ewen Bodio
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire
- UMR 6302 CNRS Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- 21078 Dijon
- France
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25
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Adeniyi AA, Ajibade PA. Development of ruthenium-based complexes as anticancer agents: toward a rational design of alternative receptor targets. REV INORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/revic-2015-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn the search for novel anticancer agents, the development of metal-based complexes that could serve as alternatives to cisplatin and its derivatives has received considerable attention in recent years. This becomes necessary because, at present, cisplatin and its derivatives are the only coordination complexes being used as anticancer agents in spite of inherent serious side effects and their limitation against metastasized platinum-resistant cancer cells. Although many metal ions have been considered as possible alternatives to cisplatin, the most promising are ruthenium (Ru) complexes and two Ru compounds, KP1019 and NAMI-A, which are currently in phase II clinical trials. The major obstacle against the rational design of these compounds is the fact that their mode of action in relation to their therapeutic activities and selectivity is not fully understood. There is an urgent need to develop novel metal-based anticancer agents, especially Ru-based compounds, with known mechanism of actions, probable targets, and pharmacodynamic activity. In this paper, we review the current efforts in developing metal-based anticancer agents based on promising Ru complexes and the development of compounds targeting receptors and then examine the future prospects.
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26
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Tomás-Mendivil E, Cadierno V, Menéndez MI, López R. Unmasking the Action of Phosphinous Acid Ligands in Nitrile Hydration Reactions Catalyzed by Arene-Ruthenium(II) Complexes. Chemistry 2015; 21:16874-86. [PMID: 26448635 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic hydration of benzonitrile and acetonitrile has been studied by employing different arene-ruthenium(II) complexes with phosphinous (PR2OH) and phosphorous acid (P(OR)2OH) ligands as catalysts. Marked differences in activity were found, depending on the nature of both the P-donor and η(6)-coordinated arene ligand. Faster transformations were always observed with the phosphinous acids. DFT computations unveiled the intriguing mechanism of acetonitrile hydration catalyzed by these arene-ruthenium(II) complexes. The process starts with attack on the nitrile carbon atom of the hydroxyl group of the P-donor ligand instead of on a solvent water molecule, as previously suggested. The experimental results presented herein for acetonitrile and benzonitrile hydration catalyzed by different arene-ruthenium(II) complexes could be rationalized in terms of such a mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eder Tomás-Mendivil
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Organometálicos y, Catálisis (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) and, Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| | - Victorio Cadierno
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Organometálicos y, Catálisis (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) and, Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo (Spain).
| | - María I Menéndez
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| | - Ramón López
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo (Spain).
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27
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Appelt P, Fagundes FD, Facchin G, Gabriela Kramer M, Back DF, Cunha MA, Sandrino B, Wohnrath K, de Araujo MP. Ruthenium (II) complexes containing 2-mercaptothiazolinates as ligands and evaluation of their antimicrobial activity. Inorganica Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2015.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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28
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Momcilovic M, Eichhorn T, Blazevski J, Schmidt H, Kaluđerović GN, Stosic-Grujicic S. In vitro effects of binuclear (η (6)-p-cymene)ruthenium(II) complex containing bridging bis(nicotinate)-polyethylene glycol ester ligand on differentiation pathways of murine Th lymphocytes activated by T cell mitogen. J Biol Inorg Chem 2015; 20:575-83. [PMID: 25827592 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-015-1242-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
T cell differentiation into distinct T helper (Th) subpopulations is crucial in governing acquired immune responses as well as some inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. This study investigated potential of the novel neutral binuclear ruthenium(II) complexes 1-8 with general formula [{RuCl2(η(6)-p-cym)}2μ-(N(∩)N)] (N(∩)N = bis(nicotinate)- and bis(iso-nicotinate)-polyethylene glycol esters; (3-py)COO(CH2CH2O) n CO(3-py) and (4-py)COO(CH2CH2O) n CO(4-py); n = 1-4), as well as [RuCl2(η(6)-p-cym)(nic)] (R1, nic = nicotinate) and [RuCl2(η(6)-p-cym)(inic)] (R2, inic = isonicotinate) as an immunomodulatory agents capable to direct Th cell differentiation. From all investigated complexes, [{RuCl2(η(6)-p-cym)}2μ-{(3-py)COO(CH2CH2O)4CO(3-py)}] (4) was selected for further study because it did not affect splenocyte viability (in concentration up to 50 μM), but significantly reduced secretion of representative Th1 cytokine, IFN-γ induced by T cell mitogen. Besides IFN-γ, 4 inhibited dose dependently expression and production of representative Th17 cytokine, IL-17, in these cells. Otherwise, the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 was upregulated. Also, 4 significantly increased CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) Treg cell frequency in the activated splenocytes. Moreover, ConA-induced expression of Th1 transcription factors, T-bet and STAT1, as well as of Th17-related protein STAT3 was attenuated upon exposure to 4, while the expression of Th2-related transcription factor GATA3 remained stable. In conclusion, ruthenium(II) complex 4 modulates immune system cell functions in vitro by inhibiting T cell differentiation towards pathogenic Th1/Th17 phenotype and inducing a regulatory phenotype characterized by IL-10 and IL-4 production, which may provide novel therapeutic opportunities for immune-inflammatory and/or autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miljana Momcilovic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia,
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29
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Gold-phosphine-porphyrin as potential metal-based theranostics. J Biol Inorg Chem 2015; 20:143-154. [PMID: 25476859 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-014-1220-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Two new gold-phosphine-porphyrin derivatives were synthesized and fully characterized, and their photophysical properties investigated along a water-soluble analog. The cytotoxicity of the compounds was tested on cancer cells (HCT116 and SW480), and their cell uptake was followed by fluorescence microscopy in vitro (on SW480). The proof that the water-soluble gold-phosphine-porphyrin is a biologically active compound that can be tracked in vitro was clearly established, especially concerning the water-soluble analog. Some preliminary photodynamic therapy (PDT) experiments were also performed. They highlight a dramatic increase of the cytotoxicity when the cells were illuminated for 30 min with white light.
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30
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Doulain PE, Decréau R, Racoeur C, Goncalves V, Dubrez L, Bettaieb A, Le Gendre P, Denat F, Paul C, Goze C, Bodio E. Towards the elaboration of new gold-based optical theranostics. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:4874-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02977a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Four new red BODIPY–gold(i) theranostic compounds were synthesized.
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31
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Nazarov AA, Meier SM, Zava O, Nosova YN, Milaeva ER, Hartinger CG, Dyson PJ. Protein ruthenation and DNA alkylation: chlorambucil-functionalized RAPTA complexes and their anticancer activity. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:3614-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02764g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The conjugation of chlorambucil to the RAPTA scaffold results in an anticancer active agent capable of cross-linking DNA and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A. Nazarov
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL)
- Lausanne
- Switzerland
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - Samuel M. Meier
- University of Vienna
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Olivier Zava
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL)
- Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Paul J. Dyson
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL)
- Lausanne
- Switzerland
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32
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Nazarov AA, Baquié M, Nowak-Sliwinska P, Zava O, van Beijnum JR, Groessl M, Chisholm DM, Ahmadi Z, McIndoe JS, Griffioen AW, van den Bergh H, Dyson PJ. Synthesis and characterization of a new class of anti-angiogenic agents based on ruthenium clusters. Sci Rep 2014; 3:1485. [PMID: 23508096 PMCID: PMC6504821 DOI: 10.1038/srep01485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
New triruthenium-carbonyl clusters derivatized with glucose-modified bicyclophosphite ligands have been synthesized. These compounds were found to have cytostatic and cytotoxic activity and depending on the number of bicyclophosphite ligands, and could be tuned for either anti-cancer or specific anti-angiogenic activity. While some compounds had a broad cellular toxicity profile in several cell types others showed endothelial cell specific dose-dependent anti-proliferative and anti-migratory efficacy. A profound inhibition of angiogenesis was also observed in the in vivo chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model, and consequently, these new compounds have considerable potential in drug design, e.g. for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Nazarov
- 1] Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland [2] Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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33
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Clavel CM, Păunescu E, Nowak-Sliwinska P, Griffioen AW, Scopelliti R, Dyson PJ. Discovery of a Highly Tumor-Selective Organometallic Ruthenium(II)–Arene Complex. J Med Chem 2014; 57:3546-58. [DOI: 10.1021/jm5002748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M. Clavel
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emilia Păunescu
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrycja Nowak-Sliwinska
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Arjan W. Griffioen
- Angiogenesis
Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VUMC Cancer Center Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul J. Dyson
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Hanif M, Meier SM, Nazarov AA, Risse J, Legin A, Casini A, Jakupec MA, Keppler BK, Hartinger CG. Influence of the π-coordinated arene on the anticancer activity of ruthenium(II) carbohydrate organometallic complexes. Front Chem 2013; 1:27. [PMID: 24790955 PMCID: PMC3982558 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2013.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and in vitro cytotoxicity of a series of RuII(arene) complexes with carbohydrate-derived phosphite ligands and various arene co-ligands is described. The arene ligand has a strong influence on the in vitro anticancer activity of this series of compounds, which correlates fairly well with cellular accumulation. The most lipophilic compound bearing a biphenyl moiety and a cyclohexylidene-protected carbohydrate is the most cytotoxic with unprecedented IC50 values for the compound class in three human cancer cell lines. This compound shows reactivity to the DNA model nucleobase 9-ethylguanine, but does not alter the secondary structure of plasmid DNA, indicating that other biological targets are responsible for its cytotoxic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hanif
- School of Chemical Science, The University of Auckland Auckland, New Zealand ; Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria ; Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Samuel M Meier
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria ; Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexey A Nazarov
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria ; Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University Moscow, Russia ; Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julie Risse
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anton Legin
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
| | - Angela Casini
- Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Michael A Jakupec
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria ; Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria ; Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian G Hartinger
- School of Chemical Science, The University of Auckland Auckland, New Zealand ; Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria ; Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
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De U, Chun P, Choi WS, Lee BM, Kim ND, Moon HR, Jung JH, Kim HS. A novel anthracene derivative, MHY412, induces apoptosis in doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7/Adr human breast cancer cells through cell cycle arrest and downregulation of P-glycoprotein expression. Int J Oncol 2013; 44:167-76. [PMID: 24190517 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
New potential chemotherapeutic strategies are required to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer. This study investigated the anticancer effect of a novel anthracene derivative MHY412 on doxorubicin-resistant human breast cancer (MCF-7/Adr) cells. We measured cell viability and the expression of apoptosis-related genes; in addition, the antitumor activity of MHY412 was confirmed using an in vivo tumor xenograft model. MHY412 significantly inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7/Adr and MCF-7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Notably, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of MHY412 in MCF-7/Adr (0.15 µM) and MCF-7 (0.26 µM) cells were lower than those of doxorubicin (MCF-7/Adr, 13.6 µM and MCF-7, 1.26 µM) after treatment for 48 h. MHY412 at low concentrations induced S phase arrest, but at high concentrations, the number of MCF-7/Adr cells in the sub-G1 phase significantly increased. MHY412-induced sub-G1 phase arrest was associated with inhibition of cyclin, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) and p21 expression in MCF-7/Adr cells. MHY412 markedly reduced P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression and increased apoptotic cell death in MCF-7/Adr cells. Cleavage of poly-ADP ribose polymerase, reduced Bcl-2 expression, and increased in cytochrome c release in MCF-7/Adr cells confirmed the above results. In addition, MHY412 markedly inhibited tumor growth in a tumor xenograft model of MCF-7/Adr cells. Our data suggest that MHY412 exerts antitumor effects by selectively modulating the genes related to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In particular, MHY412 is a new candidate agent for the treatment of Bcl-2 overexpressed doxorubicin-resistant human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umasankar De
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
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Morais TS, Santos FC, Jorge TF, Côrte-Real L, Madeira PJA, Marques F, Robalo MP, Matos A, Santos I, Garcia MH. New water-soluble ruthenium(II) cytotoxic complex: biological activity and cellular distribution. J Inorg Biochem 2013; 130:1-14. [PMID: 24145065 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2013.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel water soluble organometallic compound, [RuCp(mTPPMSNa)(2,2'-bipy)][CF3SO3] (TM85, where Cp=η(5)-cyclopentadienyl, mTPPMS=diphenylphosphane-benzene-3-sulfonate and 2,2'-bipy=2,2'-bipyridine) is presented herein. Studies of interactions with relevant proteins were performed to understand the behavior and mode of action of this complex in the biological environment. Electrochemical and fluorescence studies showed that TM85 strongly binds to albumin. Studies carried out to study the formation of TM85 which adducts with ubiquitin and cytochrome c were performed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Antitumor activity was evaluated against a variety of human cancer cell lines, namely A2780, A2780cisR, MCF7, MDAMB231, HT29, PC3 and V79 non-tumorigenic cells and compared with the reference drug cisplatin. TM85 cytotoxic effect was reduced in the presence of endocytosis modulators at low temperatures, suggesting an energy-dependent mechanism consistent with endocytosis. Ultrastructural analysis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that TM85 targets the endomembranar system disrupting the Golgi and also affects the mitochondria. Disruption of plasma membrane observed by flow cytometry could lead to cellular damage and cell death. On the whole, the biological activity evaluated herein combined with the water solubility property suggests that complex TM85 could be a promising anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia S Morais
- Centro de Ciências Moleculares e Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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37
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Morais TS, Santos FC, Corte-Real L, Garcia MH. Exploring the effect of the ligand design on the interactions between [Ru(η(5)-C5H5)(PPh3)(N,O)][CF3SO3] complexes and human serum albumin. J Inorg Biochem 2013; 129:94-101. [PMID: 24096130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2013.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium complexes hold a great potential in chemotherapy as an alternative to the classical platinum based drugs. The organometallic compounds studied in the present work were previously found to exhibit important anticancer activities. Here we have investigated the binding of three ruthenium compounds, namely [Ru(η(5)-C5H5)(PPh3)(bopy)][CF3SO3] 1, [Ru(η(5)-C5H5)(PPh3)(2-ap)][CF3SO3] 2, and [Ru(η(5)-C5H5)(PPh3)(isoquinpk)][CF3SO3] 3 (bopy=2-benzoylpyridine; 2-ap=2-acetylpyridine; isoquinpk=1-isoquinolinyl phenyl ketone) to fatty acid human serum albumin (HSA) and fatty acid-free human serum albumin (HSA(faf)) at physiological pH7.4. The influence of the substituent groups on the heteroaromatic (N,O) coordinated ligand was also studied by fluorescence spectroscopy to get information about this binding. The Stern-Volmer quenching constants (KSV) were calculated at 293, 298 and 310K, with the corresponding thermodynamic parameters ∆G, ∆H and ∆S as well. The fluorescence quenching method was used to determine the number of binding sites (n) and association constants (Ka) at the same temperatures. The binding site to HSA was confirmed by competitive studies of the ruthenium compounds with warfarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia S Morais
- Centro de Ciências Moleculares e Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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Lin GJ, Jiang GB, Xie YY, Huang HL, Liang ZH, Liu YJ. Cytotoxicity, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential, and Western blotting analysis of ruthenium(II) complexes. J Biol Inorg Chem 2013; 18:873-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-013-1032-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Gamble AJ, Lynam JM, Thatcher RJ, Walton PH, Whitwood AC. cis-1,3,5-Triaminocyclohexane as a facially capping ligand for ruthenium(II). Inorg Chem 2013; 52:4517-27. [PMID: 23517123 DOI: 10.1021/ic302819j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Reaction of cis-[RuCl2(DMSO-S)3(DMSO-O)] with cis-1,3,5-triaminocyclohexane (tach) results in the formation of [RuCl(tach)(DMSO-S)2]Cl, a valuable precursor for a wide range of other tach-containing Ru complexes. Reaction of [RuCl(tach)(DMSO-S)2]Cl with the chelating nitrogen-based ligands (N-N = bipyridine, phenanthroline, and ethylenediamine) affords [Ru(N-N)(DMSO-S)2(tach)][Cl]2. A similar reaction between [RuCl(tach)(DMSO-S)]Cl with the chelating phosphorus-based ligands (P-P = dppm, dppe, dppp, dppb, dppv, and dppben) leads to the formation of [RuCl(P-P)(tach)]Cl. The structures of 10 examples of the tach-containing complexes have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. An examination of the structural metrics obtained from these studies indicates that the tach ligand is a strong sigma donor. In addition, the presence of the NH2 groups in the tach ligand allow for participation in hydrogen bonding further modulating the coordinative properties of the ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee J Gamble
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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Nazarov AA, Gardini D, Baquié M, Juillerat-Jeanneret L, Serkova TP, Shevtsova EP, Scopelliti R, Dyson PJ. Organometallic anticancer agents that interfere with cellular energy processes: a subtle approach to inducing cancer cell death. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:2347-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31936e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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41
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Tasan S, Zava O, Bertrand B, Bernhard C, Goze C, Picquet M, Le Gendre P, Harvey P, Denat F, Casini A, Bodio E. BODIPY–phosphane as a versatile tool for easy access to new metal-based theranostics. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:6102-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt32055j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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42
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Kilpin KJ, Cammack SM, Clavel CM, Dyson PJ. Ruthenium(ii) arene PTA (RAPTA) complexes: impact of enantiomerically pure chiral ligands. Dalton Trans 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt32333h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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Oehninger L, Stefanopoulou M, Alborzinia H, Schur J, Ludewig S, Namikawa K, Muñoz-Castro A, Köster RW, Baumann K, Wölfl S, Sheldrick WS, Ott I. Evaluation of arene ruthenium(II) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes as organometallics interacting with thiol and selenol containing biomolecules. Dalton Trans 2012; 42:1657-66. [PMID: 23149817 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt32319b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Metal complexes with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have been widely used in catalytic chemistry and are now increasingly considered for the development of new chemical tools and metal based drugs. Ruthenium complexes of the type (p-cymene)(NHC)RuCl(2) interacted with biologically relevant thiols and selenols, which resulted in the inhibition of enzymes such as thioredoxin reductase or cathepsin B. Pronounced antiproliferative effects could be obtained provided that an appropriate cellular uptake was achieved. Inhibition of tumor cell growth was accompanied by a perturbation of metabolic parameters such as cellular respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Oehninger
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstr. 55, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Anticancer metallodrug research analytically painting the "omics" picture--current developments and future trends. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 405:1791-808. [PMID: 23070042 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6450-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Anticancer metallodrug development has for a long time been characterised by the similarity of new drug candidates to cisplatin and DNA as the primary target. Recent advances in bioanalytical techniques with high sensitivity and selectivity have revealed that metal-based drugs can undergo a wide range of biomolecular interactions beyond DNA and have generated interest in proteins as possible targets for metallodrugs. In fact, implementation of metallomics approaches that are able to reveal the fate of the compounds in biological systems can help to move drug development towards more targeted and rational design of novel metallodrugs. Additionally, proteomic screening and gene expression analysis can provide insight into physiological response to drug treatment and identify the reasons for drug resistance. Herein, we review selected applications which led to a better understanding of the mode of action of clinically established metal-based anticancer agents and novel metallodrug candidates.
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Ruiz J, Rodríguez V, Cutillas N, Samper KG, Capdevila M, Palacios Ò, Espinosa A. Novel C,N-chelate rhodium(iii) and iridium(iii) antitumor complexes incorporating a lipophilic steroidal conjugate and their interaction with DNA. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:12847-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31654d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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