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Lu S, You S, Hu J, Li X, Li L. Magnetic MnFe 2O 4/ZIF-67 nanocomposites with high activation of peroxymonosulfate for the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride in wastewater. RSC Adv 2024; 14:7528-7539. [PMID: 38440272 PMCID: PMC10910208 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08511b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on PMS have been used to degrade various refractory pollutants such as drugs, endocrine disruptors, dyes and perfluorinated compounds due to their wide application range, mild reaction conditions, fast reaction rate and simple operation. In this study, tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) was degraded based on this method. Magnetic MnFe2O4/ZIF-67 nanocomposites were successfully prepared by a hydrothermal method, which combined the magnetic separation characteristics of MnFe2O4 with the high catalytic activity of ZIF-67 and were used to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to efficiently degrade TCH. Satisfactory removal results were obtained with this simple and readily available material, with 82.6% of TCH removed in 15 min. The effect of different conditions on the degradation effect was investigated, and the optimal catalyst concentration and PMS concentration were determined to be 0.1 g L-1 and 0.2 g L-1, respectively, and all had good degradation effects at pH 5 to 10. XPS, impedance test and radical quenching experiments were used to investigate the degradation mechanism. The results showed that sulfate radical (SO4-˙) was the main active species in the degradation process. In addition, the catalyst has good cyclic stability, which provides a new idea for the removal of TCH in wastewater. It is worth mentioning that the catalyst also has good degradation property for other pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Lu
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Function Molecules, Hubei University 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Sasha You
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Function Molecules, Hubei University 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Junhao Hu
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Function Molecules, Hubei University 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Function Molecules, Hubei University 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Function Molecules, Hubei University 430062 People's Republic of China
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Bilal M, Rizwan K, Adeel M, Barceló D, Awad YA, Iqbal HMN. Robust strategies to eliminate endocrine disruptive estrogens in water resources. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 306:119373. [PMID: 35500715 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The widespread occurrence and ubiquitous distribution of estrogens, i.e., estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3) in our water matrices, is an issue of global concern. Public and regulatory authorities are concerned and placing joint efforts to eliminate estrogens and related environmentally hazardous compounds, due to their toxic influences on the environmental matrices, ecology, and human health, even at low concentrations. However, most of the available literature is focused on the occurrence of estrogens in different water environments with limited treatment options. Thus, a detailed review to fully cover the several treatment processes is needed. This review comprehensively and comparatively discusses many physical, chemical, and biological-based treatments to eliminate natural estrogens, i.e., estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3) and related synthetic estrogens, e.g., 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and other related hazardous compounds. The covered techniques include adsorption, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, ultrasonication, photocatalysis of estrogenic compounds, Fenton, Fenton-like and photo-Fenton degradation of estrogenic compounds, electro-Fenton degradation of estrogenic compounds, ozonation, and biological methods for the removal of estrogenic compounds are thoroughly discussed with suitable examples. The studies revealed that treatment plants based on chemical and biological approaches are cost-friendly for removing estrogenic pollutants. Further, there is a need to properly monitor and disposal of the usage of estrogenic drugs in humans and animals. Additional studies are required to explore a robust and more advanced oxidation treatment strategy that can contribute effectively to industrial-scale applications. This review may assist future investigations, monitoring, and removing estrogenic compounds from various environmental matrices. In concluding remarks, a way forward and future perspectives focusing on bridging knowledge gaps in estrogenic compounds removal are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China
| | - Komal Rizwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, 57000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- Faculty of Applied Engineering, iPRACS, University of Antwerp, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Damià Barceló
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), Parc Científic i Tecnològic de la Universitat de Girona, c/Emili Grahit, 101, Edifici H(2)O, 17003, Girona, Spain; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, India
| | - Youssef Ahmed Awad
- Structural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
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Kar P, Shukla K, Jain P, Sathiyan G, Gupta RK. Semiconductor based photocatalysts for detoxification of emerging pharmaceutical pollutants from aquatic systems: A critical review. NANO MATERIALS SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoms.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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4
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Zhang R, Xiang B, Xu L, Xia L, Lu C. Density functional theory (DFT) investigation on the structure and photocatalysis properties of double-perovskite Gd 1-x Ca x BaCo 2O 5+δ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4). RSC Adv 2019; 9:20161-20168. [PMID: 35514711 PMCID: PMC9065543 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02820j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
GdBaCo2O5+δ (GCBC) has been widely used in various applications because of its unique structural characteristics. However, calcium-doped GCBC materials have not been comprehensively studied in terms of their structure and catalytic properties. Based on the first-principles density functional theory, the structure and electronic density of states were revealed by experiments and simulations. Ca-doping has a great influence on the materials' crystal structure, optical absorption, and catalytic performance. Furthermore, Gd0.8Ca0.2BaCo2O5+δ show the best efficiency in the photocatalytic degradation of congo red (C32H22N6Na2O6S2). The presented Ca-doping method affects the overall band structure, electron cloud distribution, and electronic density of states to strengthen the charge-transfer between O-2p and Co-3d orbitals, and Co may be an active site. Our results provide a deep and systematic study on Gd1-x Ca x BaCo2O5+δ based on theoretical calculations and experiments, including analysis of crystal structure, electron distribution, and catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanjing 210014 P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Protected Agriculture Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture Nanjing 210014 P. R. China
| | - Bo Xiang
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 P. R. China
| | - Lei Xu
- Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanjing 210014 P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Protected Agriculture Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture Nanjing 210014 P. R. China
| | - Liru Xia
- Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanjing 210014 P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Protected Agriculture Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture Nanjing 210014 P. R. China
| | - Chunhua Lu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
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5
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A review on structural elucidation of metabolites of environmental steroid hormones via liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Zhou X, Cao L, Yang J. Electro-chemical oxidation of gaseous elemental mercury via a gas diffusion reactor with Fenton-like catalyst. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3327-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Tian SR, Liu YG, Liu SB, Zeng GM, Jiang LH, Tan XF, Huang XX, Yin ZH, Liu N, Li J. Hydrothermal synthesis of montmorillonite/hydrochar nanocomposites and application for 17β-estradiol and 17α-ethynylestradiol removal. RSC Adv 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra12038a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Montmorillonite/hydrochar (MMT/HC) with or without modification by KOH via hydrothermal carbonization process (HTC) were applied to remove 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2).
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8
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Ramírez-Sánchez IM, Tuberty S, Hambourger M, Bandala ER. Resource efficiency analysis for photocatalytic degradation and mineralization of estriol using TiO 2 nanoparticles. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 184:1270-1285. [PMID: 28672726 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A resource efficiency analysis was developed that evaluated photocatalyst loading and temperature inputs, and assessed hydroxyl radical (OH) production. Catalyst loading (Aeroxide® TiO2 P25) between 1 and 1500 mg L-1 and temperatures between 5 and 50 °C were analyzed as input resources for OH production. After, the best experimental conditions were used to degrade and mineralize estriol (E3). The analysis showed that a low catalyst concentration lead to poor absorption of radiation and a slow reaction. When high catalyst concentrations were tested, most of the radiation was absorbed, which produced results near the top of the slowing rate of OH generation. Temperature was found a relevant resource for increasing interfacial transfer to facilitate OH production following the Arrhenius model. Two indices to measure resource efficiency were proposed: 1) the OH generation index (OHI) and 2) the initial degradation efficiency (IDE). OHI was used to measure the efficiency of a catalyst using photonic flux to generate OH production. IDE evaluated the relationship between the photocatalytic reactor set-up, catalyst, and E3 degradation. It was observed that 1.18 OH was produced when a photon interacts with a photocatalyst particle when a load of 5 mg L-1 of photocatalyst is used at 20 °C. It was found that at initial time, 2.4 OH was generated in the systems to produce a degradation of one E3 molecule when using a photocatalyst load of 20 mg L-1 at 20 °C. Additionally, it was demonstrated that E3 mineralization was feasible under different catalyst loading scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shea Tuberty
- Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, 28608, USA
| | - Mike Hambourger
- Department of Chemistry, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, 28608, USA
| | - Erick R Bandala
- Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 755 E, Flamingo Road, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
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9
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Klauson D, Šakarašvili M, Pronina N, Krichevskaya M, Kärber E, Mikli V. Aqueous photocatalytic degradation of selected micropollutants by Pd-modified titanium dioxide in three photoreactor types. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2017; 38:860-871. [PMID: 27491514 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1214185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The goals of the present study were to synthesise highly efficient Pd-TiO2 photocatalyst, to characterise its performance in slurry in smaller scale and to investigate its performance in the aqueous photocatalytic oxidation of three antibiotics: doxycycline, sulphamethizole and amoxicillin. The performance of the photocatalyst was evaluated in an open batch slurry reactor equipped with a fluorescent long-wavelength ultraviolet (UVA) lamp (0.2 L). With the fastest degrading doxycycline, experimental research was continued in a fixed-bed continuous flow photoreactor (0.13 L), with the Pd-TiO2 photocatalyst attached to a glass plate, and a medium laboratory-scale three-phase fluidised-bed reactor (2 L) equipped with four fluorescent UVA lamps, with the photocatalyst attached to the surface of expanded clay granules employed as the bed material. While showing very high activity in the batch slurry reactor, far surpassing P25 Aeroxide, the performance of Pd-TiO2 with doxycycline was comparable to P25 in the semi-continuous reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniss Klauson
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , Tallinn University of Technology , Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Marko Šakarašvili
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , Tallinn University of Technology , Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Natalja Pronina
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , Tallinn University of Technology , Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Marina Krichevskaya
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , Tallinn University of Technology , Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Erki Kärber
- b Department of Materials Science , Tallinn University of Technology , Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Valdek Mikli
- b Department of Materials Science , Tallinn University of Technology , Tallinn , Estonia
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Frontistis Z, Antonopoulou M, Petala A, Venieri D, Konstantinou I, Kondarides DI, Mantzavinos D. Photodegradation of ethyl paraben using simulated solar radiation and Ag 3PO 4 photocatalyst. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 323:478-488. [PMID: 27106519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the solar light-induced photocatalytic degradation of ethyl paraben (EP), a representative of the parabens family, was studied using silver orthophosphate, a relatively new photocatalytic material. The catalyst was synthesized by a precipitation method and had a primary crystallite size of ca 70nm, specific surface area of 1.4m2/g and a bandgap of 2.4eV. A factorial design methodology was implemented to evaluate the importance of EP concentration (500-1500μg/L), catalyst concentration (100-500mg/L), reaction time (4-30min), water matrix (pure water or 10mg/L humic acid) and initial solution pH (3-9) on EP removal. All individual effects but solution pH were statistically significant and so were the second-order interactions of EP concentration with reaction time or catalyst concentration. The water matrix effect was negative (all other effects were positive) signifying the role of humic acid as scavenger of the oxidant species. Liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry revealed the formation of methyl paraben, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, benzoic acid and phenol as primary transformation by-products; these are formed through dealkylation and decarboxylation reactions initiated primarily by the photogenerated holes. Estrogenicity assays showed that methyl paraben was more estrogenic than EP; however, parabens are slightly estrogenic compared to 17β-estradiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zacharias Frontistis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Maria Antonopoulou
- Department of Environmental & Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., GR-30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | - Athanasia Petala
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Danae Venieri
- School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Polytechneioupolis, GR-73100 Chania, Greece
| | - Ioannis Konstantinou
- Department of Environmental & Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., GR-30100 Agrinio, Greece; Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitris I Kondarides
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Dionissios Mantzavinos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
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11
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Frontistis Z, Antonopoulou M, Venieri D, Dailianis S, Konstantinou I, Mantzavinos D. Solar photocatalytic decomposition of ethyl paraben in zinc oxide suspensions. Catal Today 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Long M, Brame J, Qin F, Bao J, Li Q, Alvarez PJJ. Phosphate Changes Effect of Humic Acids on TiO 2 Photocatalysis: From Inhibition to Mitigation of Electron-Hole Recombination. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:514-521. [PMID: 27982576 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b04845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge for photocatalytic water purification with TiO2 is the strong inhibitory effect of natural organic matter (NOM), which can scavenge photogenerated holes and radicals and occlude ROS generation sites upon adsorption. This study shows that phosphate counteracts the inhibitory effect of humic acids (HA) by decreasing HA adsorption and mitigating electron-hole recombination. As a measure of the inhibitory effect of HA, the ratios of first-order reaction rate constants between photocatalytic phenol degradation in the absence versus presence of HA were calculated. This ratio was very high, up to 5.72 at 30 mg/L HA and pH 4.8 without phosphate, but was decreased to 0.76 (5 mg/L HA, pH 8.4) with 2 mM phosphate. The latter ratio indicates a surprising favorable effect of HA on TiO2 photocatalysis. FTIR analyses suggest that this favorable effect is likely due to a change in the conformation of adsorbed HA, from a multiligand exchange arrangement to a complexation predominantly between COOH groups in HA and the TiO2 surface in the presence of phosphate. This configuration can reduce hole consumption and facilitate electron transfer to O2 by the adsorbed HA (indicated by linear sweep voltammetry), which mitigates electron-hole recombination and enhances contaminant degradation. A decrease in HA surface adsorption and hole scavenging (the predominant inhibitory mechanisms of HA) by phosphate (2 mM) was indicated by a 50% decrease in the photocatalytic degradation rate of HA and 80% decrease in the decay rate coefficient of interfacial-related photooxidation in photocurrent transients. These results, which were validated with other compounds (FFA and cimetidine), indicate that anchoring phosphate - or anions that exert similar effects on the TiO2 surface - might be a feasible strategy to counteract the inhibitory effect of NOM during photocatalytic water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingce Long
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University , Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jonathon Brame
- U.S. Army Engineer Research & Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi 39180, United States
| | - Fan Qin
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston , Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Jiming Bao
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Houston , Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Qilin Li
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University , Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Pedro J J Alvarez
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University , Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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Kumar A, Kumar A, Sharma G, Naushad M, Veses RC, Ghfar AA, Stadler FJ, Khan MR. Solar-driven photodegradation of 17-β-estradiol and ciprofloxacin from waste water and CO2 conversion using sustainable coal-char/polymeric-g-C3N4/RGO metal-free nano-hybrids. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01580a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a polymeric g-C3N4/RGO nano-photocatalyst for the degradation of ciprofloxacin and β-estradiol and conversion of CO2 into CH4, CO & O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- School of Chemistry
- Shoolini University
- Solan
- India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- School of Chemistry
- Shoolini University
- Solan
- India
| | | | - Mu. Naushad
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh
- Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ayman A. Ghfar
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Florian J. Stadler
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials
- Nanshan District Key Laboratory for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation
- Shenzhen University
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Nazari E, Suja F. Effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) on aqueous organisms and its treatment problem: a review. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2016; 31:465-491. [PMID: 27883330 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2016-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Natural estrogens, estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2) and estriol (E3) are endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that are discharged consistently and directly into surface waters with wastewater treatment plants (WWPTs) effluents, disposal sludges and in storm-water runoff. The most common and highest potential natural estrogen that causes estrogen activity in wastewater influent is E2. This review describes and attempts to summarize the main problems involved in the removal of E2 from WWTP by traditional processes, which fundamentally rely on activated sludge and provide an insufficient treatment for E2, as well as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) that are applied in tertiary section treatment works. Biological processes affect and play an important role in the degradation of E2. However, some investigations have reported that operations that rely on high retention times have low efficiencies. Although advanced treatment technologies are available, their cost and operational considerations do not make them sustainable solutions. Therefore, E2 is still being released into aqueous areas, as shown in this study that investigates results from different countries. E2 is present on the watch list of substances in the Water Framework Directive (WFD) of the European Union since 2013 and the minimum acceptable concentration of it is 0.4 ng/L.
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15
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Sornalingam K, McDonagh A, Zhou JL. Photodegradation of estrogenic endocrine disrupting steroidal hormones in aqueous systems: Progress and future challenges. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 550:209-224. [PMID: 26815298 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews different photodegradation technologies used for the removal of four endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs): estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2). The degradation efficiency is greater under UV than visible light; and increases with light intensity up to when mass transfer becomes the rate limiting step. Substantial rates are observed in the environmentally relevant range of pH7-8, though higher rates are obtained for pH above the pKa (~10.4) of the EDCs. The effects of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on EDC photodegradation are complex with both positive and negative impacts being reported. TiO2 remains the best catalyst due to its superior activity, chemical and photo stability, cheap commercial availability, capacity to function at ambient conditions and low toxicity. The optimum TiO2 loading is 0.05-1gl(-1), while higher loadings have negative impact on EDC removal. The suspended catalysts prove to be more efficient in photocatalysis compared to the immobilised catalysts, while the latter are considered more suitable for commercial scale applications. Photodegradation mostly follows 1st or pseudo 1st order kinetics. Photodegradation typically eradicates or moderates estrogenic activity, though some intermediates are found to exhibit higher estrogenicity than the parent EDCs; the persistence of estrogenic activity is mainly attributed to the presence of the phenolic moiety in intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kireesan Sornalingam
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Andrew McDonagh
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - John L Zhou
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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16
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Upreti AR, Li Y, Khadgi N, Naraginti S, Zhang C. Efficient visible light photocatalytic degradation of 17α-ethinyl estradiol by a multifunctional Ag–AgCl/ZnFe2O4 magnetic nanocomposite. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00707d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic separability and photocatalytic enhancement by plasmonic property of Ag–AgCl/ZnFe2O4 nanocomposite makes it practicable in both environmental and economic terms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhanda Raj Upreti
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes
- Ministry of Education
- College of Environment
- Hohai University
- Nanjing 210098
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes
- Ministry of Education
- College of Environment
- Hohai University
- Nanjing 210098
| | - Nirina Khadgi
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes
- Ministry of Education
- College of Environment
- Hohai University
- Nanjing 210098
| | - Saraschandra Naraginti
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes
- Ministry of Education
- College of Environment
- Hohai University
- Nanjing 210098
| | - Chi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes
- Ministry of Education
- College of Environment
- Hohai University
- Nanjing 210098
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17
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Brame J, Long M, Li Q, Alvarez P. Inhibitory effect of natural organic matter or other background constituents on photocatalytic advanced oxidation processes: Mechanistic model development and validation. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 84:362-371. [PMID: 26302091 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The ability of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to interact with priority pollutants is crucial for efficient water treatment by photocatalytic advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). However, background compounds in water such as natural organic matter (NOM) can significantly hinder targeted reactions and removal efficiency. This inhibition can be complex, interfering with degradation in solution and at the photocatalyst surface as well as hindering illumination efficiency and ROS production. We developed an analytical model to account for various inhibition mechanisms in catalytic AOPs, including competitive adsorption of inhibitors, scavenging of produced ROS at the surface and in solution, and the inner filtering of the excitation illumination, which combine to decrease ROS-mediated degradation. This model was validated with batch experiments using a variety of ROS producing systems (OH-generating TiO2 photocatalyst and H2O2-UV; (1)O2-generating photosensitive functionalized fullerenes and rose bengal) and inhibitory compounds (NOM, tert-butyl alcohol). Competitive adsorption by NOM and ROS scavenging were the most influential inhibitory mechanisms. Overall, this model enables accurate simulation of photocatalytic AOP performance when one or more inhibitory mechanisms are at work in a wide variety of application scenarios, and underscores the need to consider the effects of background constituents on degradation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon Brame
- Rice University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mingce Long
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Qilin Li
- Rice University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pedro Alvarez
- Rice University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Houston, TX, USA.
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Petala A, Frontistis Z, Antonopoulou M, Konstantinou I, Kondarides DI, Mantzavinos D. Kinetics of ethyl paraben degradation by simulated solar radiation in the presence of N-doped TiO2 catalysts. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 81:157-66. [PMID: 26057263 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Ethyl paraben (EP), an emerging micro-pollutant representative of the parabens family, has been subject to photocatalytic degradation under simulated solar radiation at a photon flux of 1.3·10(-4) E/(m(2) s). Six nitrogen-doped titania catalysts synthesized by annealing a sol-gel derived TiO2 powder under ammonia flow and their un-doped counterparts, calcined in air at different temperatures in the range 450-800 °C, were compared under solar and visible light and the most active one (N-doped TiO2 calcined at 600 °C) was used for further tests. Experiments were performed at EP concentrations between 150 and 900 μg/L, catalyst loadings between 100 and 1000 mg/L, pH between 3 and 9, different matrices (ultrapure water, water spiked with humic acids or bicarbonates, drinking water and secondary treated wastewater) and hydrogen peroxide between 10 and 100 mg/L. For EP concentrations up to 300 μg/L, the degradation rate can be approached by first order kinetics but then shifts to lower order as the concentration increases. The rate increases linearly with catalyst loading up to 750 mg/L and hydrogen peroxide up to 100 mg/L. Near-neutral (pH = 6.5-7.5) and alkaline conditions (pH = 9) do not affect degradation, which is reduced at acidic pH. The presence of humic acids at 10-20 mg/L impedes degradation due to the competition with EP for the oxidizing species and this is more pronounced in actual wastewater matrices. UPLC-ESI-HRMS and HPLC-DAD were employed to follow EP concentration changes, as well as identify and quantify transformation by-products during the early stages of the reaction. Five such products were successfully detected and, based on their concentration-time profiles, a reaction network for the degradation of EP is proposed. Hydroxyl radical reactions appear to prevail during the initial steps as evidenced by the rapid formation of hydroxylated and dealkylated intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia Petala
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Zacharias Frontistis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Maria Antonopoulou
- Department of Environmental & Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., GR-30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | - Ioannis Konstantinou
- Department of Environmental & Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., GR-30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | - Dimitris I Kondarides
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Dionissios Mantzavinos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
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Frontistis Z, Kouramanos M, Moraitis S, Chatzisymeon E, Hapeshi E, Fatta-Kassinos D, Xekoukoulotakis NP, Mantzavinos D. UV and simulated solar photodegradation of 17α-ethynylestradiol in secondary-treated wastewater by hydrogen peroxide or iron addition. Catal Today 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Qin C, Troya D, Shang C, Hildreth S, Helm R, Xia K. Surface catalyzed oxidative oligomerization of 17β-estradiol by Fe(3+)-saturated montmorillonite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:956-964. [PMID: 25496116 DOI: 10.1021/es504815t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
With widespread detection of endocrine disrupting compounds including hormones in wastewater, there is a need to develop cost-effective remediation technologies for their removal from wastewater. Previous research has shown that Fe(3+)-saturated montmorillonite is effective in quickly transforming phenolic organic compounds such as pentachlorophenol, phenolic acids, and triclosan via surface-catalyzed oligomerization. However, little is known about its effectiveness and reaction mechanisms when reacting with hormones. In this study, the reaction kinetics of Fe(3+)-saturated montmorillonite catalyzed 17β-estradiol (βE2) transformation was investigated. The transformation products were identified using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, and their structures were further confirmed using computational approach. Rapid βE2 transformation in the presence of Fe(3+)-saturated montmorillonite in an aqueous system was detected. The disappearance of βE2 follows first-order kinetics, while the overall catalytic reaction follows the second-order kinetics with an estimated reaction rate constant of 200 ± 24 (mmol βE2/g mineral)(−1) h(–1). The half-life of βE2 in this system was estimated to be 0.50 ± 0.06 h. βE2 oligomers were found to be the major products of βE2 transformation when exposed to Fe(3+)-saturated montmorillonite. About 98% of βE2 were transformed into βE2 oligomers which are >10(7) times less water-soluble than βE2 and, therefore, are much less bioavailable and mobile then βE2. The formed oligomers quickly settled from the aqueous phase and were not accumulated on the reaction sites of the interlayer surfaces of Fe(3+)-saturated montmorillonite, the major reason for the observed >84% βE2 removal efficiency even after five consecutive usages of the same of Fe(3+)-saturated montmorillonite. The results from this study clearly demonstrated that Fe(3+)-saturated montmorillonite has a great potential to be used as a cost-effective material for efficient removal of phenolic organic compounds from wastewater.
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Marcelino RBP, Queiroz MTA, Amorim CC, Leão MMD, Brites-Nóbrega FF. Solar energy for wastewater treatment: review of international technologies and their applicability in Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:762-773. [PMID: 24888610 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have reported the adverse effects of recalcitrant compounds and emerging contaminants present in industrial effluents, which are not degradable by ordinary biological treatment. Many of these compounds are likely to accumulate in living organisms through the lipid layer. At concentrations above the limits of biological tolerance, these compounds can be harmful to the ecosystem and may even reach humans through food chain biomagnification. In this regard, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) represent an effective alternative for the removal of the pollutants. This study focused on the AOP involving the use of ultraviolet radiation in homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. Based on the literature review, comparisons between natural and artificial light were established, approaching photoreactors constructive and operational characteristics. We concluded that the high availability of solar power in Brazil would make the implementation of the AOP using natural solar radiation for the decontamination of effluents feasible, thereby contributing to clean production and biodiversity conservation. This will serve as an important tool for the enforcement of environmental responsibility among public and private institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B P Marcelino
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saneamento, Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hídricos da UFMG, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos no 6627 Bairro Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Frontistis Z, Hapeshi E, Fatta-Kassinos D, Mantzavinos D. Ultraviolet-activated persulfate oxidation of methyl orange: a comparison between artificial neural networks and factorial design for process modelling. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 14:528-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c4pp00277f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the degradation of the azo dye methyl orange in model aqueous solutions by UVC light-induced persulfate oxidation was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zacharias Frontistis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Patras
- GR-26504 Patras
- Greece
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department and Nireas
| | - Evroula Hapeshi
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department and Nireas
- International Water Research Center
- University of Cyprus
- Nicosia
- Cyprus
| | - Despo Fatta-Kassinos
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department and Nireas
- International Water Research Center
- University of Cyprus
- Nicosia
- Cyprus
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23
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Yu C, Wei L, Chen J, Xie Y, Zhou W, Fan Q. Enhancing the Photocatalytic Performance of Commercial TiO2 Crystals by Coupling with Trace Narrow-Band-Gap Ag2CO3. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie404283d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changlin Yu
- School
of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Longfu Wei
- School
of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Jianchai Chen
- School
of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Yu Xie
- College
of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Wanqin Zhou
- School
of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Qizhe Fan
- School
of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
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