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Koda Y, Nagasaki Y. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis treated by poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(cysteine) block copolymer-based self-assembling antioxidant nanoparticles. J Control Release 2024; 370:367-378. [PMID: 38692439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), now known as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), involves oxidative stress caused by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Small-molecule antioxidants have not been approved for antioxidant chemotherapy because of severe adverse effects that collapse redox homeostasis, even in healthy tissues. To overcome these disadvantages, we have been developing poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(cysteine) (PEG-block-PCys)-based self-assembling polymer nanoparticles (NanoCyses), releasing Cys after in vivo degradation by endogenous enzymes, to obtain antioxidant effects without adverse effects. However, a comprehensive investigation of the effects of polymer design on therapeutic outcomes has not yet been conducted to develop our NanoCys system for antioxidant chemotherapy. In this study, we synthesized different poly(L-cysteine) (PCys) chains whose sulfanyl groups were protected by tert-butyl thiol (StBu) and butyryl (Bu) groups to change the reactivity of the side chains, affording NanoCys(SS) and NanoCys(Bu), respectively. To elucidate the importance of the polymer design, these NanoCyses were orally administered to MASH model mice as a model of oxidative stress-related diseases. Consequently, the acyl-protective NanoCys(Bu) significantly suppressed hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress compared to NanoCys(SS). Furthermore, we substantiated that shorter PCys were much better than longer PCys for therapeutic outcomes and the effects related to the liberation properties of Cys from these nanoparticles. Owing to its antioxidant functions, NanoCyses also significantly attenuated hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in the MASH mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Koda
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Yukio Nagasaki
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan; Master's School of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan; Center for Research in Radiation, Isotope and Earth System Sciences (CRiES), University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; High-value Biomaterials Research and Commercialization Center (HBRCC), National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
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2
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Liu H, Tang S, Wang Z, Zhang Q, Yuan D. Organic cocatalysts improved Fenton and Fenton-like processes for water pollution control: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141581. [PMID: 38430936 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
In recent times, organic compounds have been extensively utilized to mitigate the limitations associated with Fe(Ⅲ) reduction and the narrow pH range in Fenton and Fenton-like processes, which have garnered considerable attention in relevant studies. This review presents the latest advancements in the comprehensive analysis and applications of organic agents as assistant/cocatalysts during Fenton/Fenton-like reactions for water pollution control. The primary focus includes the following: Firstly, the mechanism of organic co-catalytic reactions is introduced, encompassing both complexation and reduction aspects. Secondly, these organic compounds are classified into distinct categories based on their functional group structures and applications, namely polycarboxylates, aminopolycarboxylic acids, quinones, phenolic acids, humic substances, and sulfhydryl compounds, and their co-catalytic functions and mechanisms of each category are discussed in meticulous detail. Thirdly, a comprehensive comparison is conducted among various types of organic cocatalysts, considering their relative merits, cost implications, toxicity, and other pertinent factors. Finally, the review concludes by addressing the universal challenges and development prospects associated with organic co-catalytic systems. The overarching objective of this review is to provide insights into potential avenues for the future advancement of organic co-catalytic Fenton/Fenton-like reactions in the context of water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Shoufeng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Zhibin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Qingrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Deling Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
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3
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Wang S, Tan X, Wu Y, Zhang J, Tian Z, Ma J. Isolating micro/nanoplastics from organic-rich wastewater: Co/PMS outweighs Fenton system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 463:132840. [PMID: 37898089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Rapid isolation of microplastics is the prerequisite for correct and in-depth understanding of their environmental impacts and human health threats. And Fenton's reagent (Fe/H2O2 system, FHS) has been proven to be a viable way to isolate microplastics from wastewater, but it is limited because of harsh reaction conditions, long reaction time and low efficiency. Herein, it's proven that the Fenton-like system, which is using Cobalt (II) salts to decompose potassium peroxymonosulfate (Co/PMS system, CPS) with generation of 1O2, can offer shorter time (within 30 min) in complex sample isolation. The experimental results showed that the isolation time of micro/nanoplastics from pollutants with CPS in only 30 min, while it was at least more than 5 h with FHS. Via a serious of experiments of comparison and characterization between FHS and CPS, whether from the point of view of reaction time or isolation effect, CPS is superior to FHS. On this basis, we validate the applicability of this system (CPS) in different reaction conditions (concentration, pH), different sizes (from microns to nanometers) and types of plastic (PS, PA, PE, PP, PVC). In addition, the CPS can also preserve the integrity of the plastic itself and reduce the impact on the quality of samples evidenced by a variety of characterization of physicochemical structure like UV-vis, TEM, AFM, FTIR and XPS. CPS is proved to be faster, higher, stronger for enhancing the isolation of micro/nanoplastics from complex matrix. In a word, this study provides a promising solution for the efficient isolation of microplastics from wastewater without causing additional harm to the plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenjun Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaonan Tan
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuhao Wu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiyuan Tian
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiahai Ma
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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4
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Radiolytic degradation of dimethyl telluride in aqueous solutions. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2023.110850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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5
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Design of cysteine-based self-assembling polymer drugs for anticancer chemotherapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 220:112909. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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6
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Huang W, Fu B, Fang S, Wang F, Shao Q, Du W, Fang F, Feng Q, Cao J, Luo J. Insights into the accelerated venlafaxine degradation by cysteine-assisted Fe 2+/persulfate: Key influencing factors, mechanisms and transformation pathways with DFT study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 793:148555. [PMID: 34171809 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effective removal of refractory antidepressant in wastewater is challenging. In this study, a novel strategy of cysteine-assisted Fe2+/persulfate system (Fe2+/Cys/PS) was applied for the venlafaxine (Ven, as a typical antidepressant) degradation. The obtained results revealed that the Ven removal was evidently accelerated and enhanced in Fe2+/Cys/PS process, and achieved complete degradation in 5 min with optimal dosage. Further analysis indicated that the Ven degradation efficiency was associated with the chemical concentrations (i.e. Fe2+, Cys and PS) and operational conditions (i.e. pH and temperature). Moreover, the reactions were not impacted by the co-occurring organic matters (i.e. fulvic acid) and inorganic ions (i.e. Cl-) potentially existing in real wastewater matrices. Mechanistic explorations demonstrated that the presence of Cys promoted the Fe3+/Fe2+ redox cycle, and thus enhanced the reactive oxygen species yields (ROS). The OH was considered as the primary ROS in Fe2+/Cys/PS process for Ven degradation via the radical scavenger verification. Also, the main intermediates of Ven degradation were identified, and the possible transformation pathway was proposed, in which the hydroxylation attacked by the OH was the main reaction. Moreover, the active reaction sites in Ven were calculated with the density function theory (DFT), which was consistent with the observed metabolic routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Boming Fu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Shiyu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Qianqi Shao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Qian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jiashun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jingyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
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7
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Geven M, d'Arcy R, Turhan ZY, El-Mohtadi F, Alshamsan A, Tirelli N. Sulfur-based oxidation-responsive polymers. Chemistry, (chemically selective) responsiveness and biomedical applications. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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8
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Xue C, Peng Y, Chen A, Peng L, Luo S. Drastically inhibited nZVI-Fenton oxidation of organic pollutants by cysteine: Multiple roles in the nZVI/O 2/hv system. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 582:22-29. [PMID: 32810690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The influence of l-cysteine, a common aliphatic amino acid, on the zero-valent iron (nZVI)/O2 photo-Fenten degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) was investigated in this study. The oxidation rate of RhB in the nZVI/O2/hv system was 91.2% after 40 min under the illumination and oxygen conditions and pH of 3, but when cysteine was introduced into the system, the oxidization process was inhibited. The removal of RhB was only about 50% after 40 min at a cysteine concentration ≥50 μM. It was shown experimentally that, under dark conditions, only 40.5% and 19.8% RhB was removed by the nZVI/O2 and nZVI/O2/cysteine systems, respectively. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and iron dissolving experiments revealed that the addition of cysteine clearly reduced the production of hydroxyl radicals (OH) and Fe2+ and Fe3+. In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) demonstrated that cysteine could form hydrogen bonds on the iron surface. These results indicated that the main inhibition mechanism of cysteine was the alleviation of the oxidation of nZVI to Fe2+ and Fe3+ through wrapping the nZVI particles. Moreover, cystine (the oxidized form of CYS) could partly react with OH to regenerate cysteine, which resulted in competition with RhB for OH. Another possible reason for the inhibitory effect of cysteine was the prevention of light utilization. These findings indicate a non-negligible inhibitory trait for heterogeneous Fenton process in wastewater treatment when amino acids are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xue
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanming Peng
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Anwei Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Liang Peng
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Si Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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9
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Filipiak P, Bobrowski K, Hug GL, Schöneich C, Marciniak B. N-Terminal Decarboxylation as a Probe for Intramolecular Contact Formation in γ-Glu-(Pro) n-Met Peptides. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:8082-8098. [PMID: 32813519 PMCID: PMC7503560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c04371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of intramolecular-contact formation between remote functional groups in peptides with restricted conformational flexibility were examined using designed peptides with variable-length proline bridges. As probes for this motion, free radicals were produced using the •OH-induced oxidation at the C-terminal methionine residue of γ-Glu-(Pro)n-Met peptides (n = 0-3). The progress of the radicals' motion along the proline bridges was monitored as the radicals underwent reactions along the peptides' backbones. Of particular interest was the reaction between the sulfur atom located in the side chain of the oxidized Met residue and the unprotonated amino group of the glutamic acid moiety. Interactions between them were probed by the radiation-chemical yields (expressed as G values) of the formation of C-centered, α-aminoalkyl radicals (αN) on the Glu residue. These radicals were monitored directly or via their reaction with p-nitroacetophenone (PNAP) to generate the optically detected PNAP•- radical anions. The yields of these αN radicals were found to be linearly dependent on the number of Pro residues. A constant decrease by 0.09 μM J-1 per spacing Pro residue of the radiation-chemical yields of G(αN) was observed. Previous reports support the conclusion that the αN radicals in these cases would have to result from (S∴N)+-bonded cyclic radical cations that arose as a result from direct contact between the ends of the peptides. Furthermore, by analogy with the rate constants for the formation of intramolecularly (S∴S)+-bonded radical cations in Met-(Pro)n-Met peptides ( J. Phys. Chem. B 2016, 120, 9732), the rate constants for the formation of intramolecularly (S∴N)+-bonded radical cations are activated to the same extent for all of the γ-Glu-(Pro)n-Met peptides. Thus, the continuous decrease of G(αN) with the number of Pro residues (from 0 to 3) suggests that the formation of a contact between the S-atom in the C-terminal Met residue and the N-atom of a deprotonated N-terminal amino group of Glu is controlled in peptides with 0 to 3 Pro residues by the relative diffusion of the S•+ and unoxidized N-atom. The overall rate constants of cyclization to form the (S∴N)-bonded radical cations were estimated to be 3.8 × 106, 1.8 × 106, and 8.1 × 105 s-1 for peptides with n = 0, 1, and 2 Pro residues, respectively. If activation is the same for all of the peptides, then these rate constants are a direct indication for the end-to-end dynamics along the chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Filipiak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland.,Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Bobrowski
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland.,Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Gordon L Hug
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland.,Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Christian Schöneich
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Bronislaw Marciniak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland.,Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
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10
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Two-step reaction mechanism reveals new antioxidant capability of cysteine disulfides against hydroxyl radical attack. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:18216-18223. [PMID: 32680962 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2006639117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cysteine disulfides, which constitute an important component in biological redox buffer systems, are highly reactive toward the hydroxyl radical (•OH). The mechanistic details of this reaction, however, remain unclear, largely due to the difficulty in characterizing unstable reaction products. Herein, we have developed a combined approach involving mass spectrometry (MS) and theoretical calculations to investigate reactions of •OH with cysteine disulfides (Cys-S-S-R) in the gas phase. Four types of first-generation products were identified: protonated ions of the cysteine thiyl radical (+Cys-S•), cysteine (+Cys-SH), cysteine sulfinyl radical (+Cys-SO•), and cysteine sulfenic acid (+Cys-SOH). The relative reaction rates and product branching ratios responded sensitively to the electronic property of the R group, providing key evidence to deriving a two-step reaction mechanism. The first step involved •OH conducting a back-side attack on one of the sulfur atoms, forming sulfenic acid (-SOH) and thiyl radical (-S•) product pairs. A subsequent H transfer step within the product complex was favored for protonated systems, generating sulfinyl radical (-SO•) and thiol (-SH) products. Because sulfenic acid is a potent scavenger of peroxyl radicals, our results implied that cysteine disulfide can form two lines of defense against reactive oxygen species, one using the cysteine disulfide itself and the other using the sulfenic acid product of the conversion of cysteine disulfide. This aspect suggested that, in a nonpolar environment, cysteine disulfides might play a more active role in the antioxidant network than previously appreciated.
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11
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Sepulveda E, Sanguanmith S, Meesungnoen J, Jay-Gerin JP. Evaluation of the radioprotective ability of cystamine for 150 keV – 500 MeV proton irradiation: a Monte Carlo track chemistry simulation study. CAN J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2018-0382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cystamine, an organic diamino-disulfide, is among the best of the known radiation-protective compounds, although the underlying molecular mechanisms by which it operates remain poorly understood. This study aims to use the aqueous ferrous sulfate (Fricke) dosimeter to evaluate the protective properties of this compound when present during irradiation by fast incident protons in the energy range of 150 keV – 500 MeV, that is, for “linear energy transfer” (LET) values ranging from ∼72.3 to 0.23 keV/μm. The presence of cystamine in irradiated Fricke solutions prevents the oxidation of Fe2+ ions by the oxidizing species produced in the radiolysis of acidic water, resulting in reduced Fe3+ ion yields. A Monte Carlo computer code is used to simulate the radiation-induced chemistry of the studied Fricke–cystamine solutions under aerated conditions while covering a wide range of cystamine concentrations from 5 × 10−7 to 1 mol/L. Results indicate that the protective activity of cystamine is due to its radical-capturing ability, a clear signature of the strong antioxidant profile of this compound. In addition, our simulations show that at low and intermediate concentrations of cystamine, its protective efficiency decreases with increasing LET, which is consistent with previous work. This finding stems from differences in the geometry of the track structures that change from low-LET isolated spherical “spurs” to high-LET dense continuous cylindrical tracks as LET increases. This study concludes that Monte Carlo simulations represent a powerful method for understanding, at the molecular level, indirect radiation damage to complex molecules such as cystamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Sepulveda
- Département de médecine nucléaire et de radiobiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ème Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Département de médecine nucléaire et de radiobiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ème Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Sunuchakan Sanguanmith
- Département de médecine nucléaire et de radiobiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ème Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Département de médecine nucléaire et de radiobiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ème Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Jintana Meesungnoen
- Département de médecine nucléaire et de radiobiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ème Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Département de médecine nucléaire et de radiobiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ème Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Jay-Gerin
- Département de médecine nucléaire et de radiobiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ème Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Département de médecine nucléaire et de radiobiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ème Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke QC J1H 5N4, Canada
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12
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Nauser T, Gebicki JM. Physiological Concentrations of Ascorbate Cannot Prevent the Potentially Damaging Reactions of Protein Radicals in Humans. Chem Res Toxicol 2017; 30:1702-1710. [PMID: 28745873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The principal initial biological targets of free radicals formed under conditions of oxidative stress are the proteins. The most common products of the interaction are carbon-centered alkyl radicals which react rapidly with oxygen to form peroxyl radicals and hydroperoxides. All these species are reactive, capable of propagating the free radical damage to enzymes, nucleic acids, lipids, and endogenous antioxidants, leading finally to the pathologies associated with oxidative stress. The best chance of preventing this chain of damage is in early repair of the protein radicals by antioxidants. Estimate of the effectiveness of the physiologically significant antioxidants requires knowledge of the antioxidant tissue concentrations and rate constants of their reaction with protein radicals. Previous studies by pulse radiolysis have shown that only ascorbate can repair the Trp and Tyr protein radicals before they form peroxyl radicals under physiological concentrations of oxygen. We have now extended this work to other protein C-centered radicals generated by hydroxyl radicals because these and many other free radicals formed under oxidative stress can produce secondary radicals on virtually any amino acid residue. Pulse radiolysis identified two classes of rate constants for reactions of protein radicals with ascorbate, a faster one in the range (9-60) × 107 M-1 s-1 and a slow one with a range of (0.5-2) × 107 M-1 s-1. These results show that ascorbate can prevent further reactions of protein radicals only in the few human tissues where its concentration exceeds about 2.5 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Nauser
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology , Zurich CH8093, Switzerland
| | - Janusz M Gebicki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
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13
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Mozziconacci O, Bhagavathy GV, Yamamoto T, Wilson GS, Glass RS, Schöneich C. Neighboring amide participation in the Fenton oxidation of a sulfide to sulfoxide, vinyl sulfide and ketone relevant to oxidation of methionine thioether side chains in peptides. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Li T, Zhao Z, Wang Q, Xie P, Ma J. Strongly enhanced Fenton degradation of organic pollutants by cysteine: An aliphatic amino acid accelerator outweighs hydroquinone analogues. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 105:479-486. [PMID: 27668992 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Quinone-hydroquinone analogues have been proven to be efficient promoters of Fenton reactions by accelerating the Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox cycle along with self-destruction. However, so far there is little information on non-quinone-hydroquinone cocatalyst for Fenton reactions. This study found that cysteine, a common aliphatic amino acid, can strongly enhance Fenton degradation of organic pollutants by accelerating Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox cycle, as quinone-hydroquinone analogues do. Further, cysteine is superior to quinone-hydroquinone analogues in catalytic activity, H2O2 utilization and atmospheric limits. The cocatalysis mechanism based on the cycle of cysteine/cystine was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhenwen Zhao
- Beijing Mass Spectrum Center, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Quan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pengfei Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiahai Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Vega E, Martin MJ, Gonzalez-Olmos R. Integration of advanced oxidation processes at mild conditions in wet scrubbers for odourous sulphur compounds treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 109:113-119. [PMID: 24873715 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of different advanced oxidation processes on the treatment of a multicomponent aqueous solution containing ethyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulphide and dimethyl disulphide (0.5 mg L(-1) of each sulphur compound) was investigated with the objective to assess which one is the most suitable treatment to be coupled in wet scrubbers used in odour treatment facilities. UV/H2O2, Fenton, photo-Fenton and ozone treatments were tested at mild conditions and the oxidation efficiency obtained was compared. The oxidation tests were carried out in magnetically stirred cylindrical quartz reactors using the same molar concentration of oxidants (hydrogen peroxide or ozone). The results show that ozone and photo-Fenton are the most efficient treatments, achieving up to 95% of sulphur compounds oxidation and a mineralisation degree around 70% in 10 min. Furthermore, the total costs of the treatments taking into account the capital and operational costs were also estimated for a comparative purpose. The economic analysis revealed that the Fenton treatment is the most economical option to be integrated in a wet scrubber to remove volatile organic sulphur compounds, as long as there are no space constraints to install the required reactor volume. In the case of reactor volume limitation or retrofitting complexities, the ozone and photo-Fenton treatments should be considered as viable alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Vega
- LEQUIA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, E-17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Maria J Martin
- LEQUIA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, E-17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Rafael Gonzalez-Olmos
- LEQUIA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, E-17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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16
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Hausmann M, Homann KH. Analysis of Radicals from Flames by Scavenging with Dimethyl Disulfide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.199000021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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17
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Zhou S, Mozziconacci O, Kerwin BA, Schöneich C. The photolysis of disulfide bonds in IgG1 and IgG2 leads to selective intramolecular hydrogen transfer reactions of cysteine Thiyl radicals, probed by covalent H/D exchange and RPLC-MS/MS analysis. Pharm Res 2013; 30:1291-9. [PMID: 23307417 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-012-0968-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The evaluation of photo-instability of biotherapeutic products is mandated by regulatory agencies. Photo-irradiation can induce oxidative modifications in proteins, which may lead to undesired biological and therapeutic consequences. Among the modifications, epimerization of amino acid residues can occur upon photo-irradiation of IgGs. METHODS We show here, that UV irradiation (λ = 253.7 nm) of IgG1 and IgG2 leads to the formation of intermediary carbon-centered radicals, validated by covalent incorporation of deuterium into the protein primary sequence. RESULTS By MS/MS analysis we identified the sites of deuterium incorporation, such as the sequence QD [303:304, HC], present in the peptide of VVSVLTVVHQDWLNGK [294:309, HC] in both IgG1 and IgG2, and V [111, LC] and K [116, LC], present in the peptide VTVLGQPK [109:116, LC] in IgG2. Both peptides are in the proximity of intrachain disulfide bonds. CONCLUSIONS The exposure of IgG1 and IgG2 to UV-light (λ = 253.7 nm) generates specific carbon-centered radicals. The latter were evidenced by a covalent H-D exchange reaction that likely occurred through a hydrogen atom transfer reaction between cysteine thiyl radical and C-H bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxia Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2095 Constant Avenue, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, USA
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18
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Meesat R, Sanguanmith S, Meesungnoen J, Lepage M, Khalil A, Jay-Gerin JP. Utilization of the ferrous sulfate (Fricke) dosimeter for evaluating the radioprotective potential of cystamine: experiment and Monte Carlo simulation. Radiat Res 2012; 177:813-26. [PMID: 22475011 DOI: 10.1667/rr2829.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Cystamine, an organic disulfide (RSSR), is among the best of the known radiation-protective compounds and has been used to protect normal tissues in clinical radiation therapy. Recently, it has also proved to be beneficial in the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system in animal models. However, the underlying mechanism of its action at the chemical level is not yet well understood. The present study aims at using the ferrous sulfate (Fricke) dosimeter to quantitatively evaluate, both experimentally and theoretically, the radioprotective potential of this compound. The well-known radiolysis of the Fricke dosimeter by (60)Co γ rays or fast electrons, based on the oxidation of ferrous ions to ferric ions by the oxidizing species (•)OH, HO(2)(•), and H(2)O(2) produced in the radiolytic decomposition of water, forms the basis for our method. The presence of cystamine in Fricke dosimeter solutions during irradiation prevents the radiolytic oxidation of Fe(2+) and leads to decreased ferric yields (or G values). The observed decrease in G(Fe(3+)) increases upon increasing the concentration of the disulfide compound over the range 0-0.1 M under both aerated and deaerated conditions. To help assess the basic radiation-protective mechanism of this compound, a full Monte Carlo computer code is developed to simulate in complete detail the radiation-induced chemistry of the studied Fricke/cystamine solutions. Benefiting from the fact that cystamine is reasonably well characterized in terms of radiation chemistry, this computer model proposes reaction mechanisms and incorporates specific reactions describing the radiolysis of cystamine in aerated and deaerated Fricke solutions that lead to the observable quantitative chemical yields. Results clearly indicate that the protective effect of cystamine originates from its radical-capturing ability, which allows this compound to act by competing with the ferrous ions for the various free radicals--especially (•)OH radicals and H(•) atoms--formed during irradiation of the surrounding water. Most interestingly, our simulation modeling also shows that the predominant pathway in the oxidation of cystamine by (•)OH radicals involves an electron-transfer mechanism, yielding RSSR(•+) and OH(-). A very good agreement is found between calculated G(Fe(3+)) values and experiment. This study concludes that Monte Carlo simulations represent a very efficient method for understanding indirect radiation damage at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridthee Meesat
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et de Radiobiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
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Sippel KH, Genis C, Govindasamy L, Agbandje-McKenna M, Kiddle JJ, Tripp BC, McKenna R. Synchrotron Radiation Provides a Plausible Explanation for the Generation of a Free Radical Adduct of Thioxolone in Mutant Carbonic Anhydrase II. J Phys Chem Lett 2010; 1:2898-2902. [PMID: 20976122 PMCID: PMC2957018 DOI: 10.1021/jz100954h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Thioxolone acts as a prodrug in the presence of carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), whereby the molecule is cleaved by thioester hydrolysis to the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, 4-mercaptobenzene-1,3-diol (TH0). Thioxolone was soaked into the proton transfer mutant H64A of CA II in an effort to capture a reaction intermediate via X-ray crystallography. Structure determination of the 1.2 Å resolution data revealed the TH0 had been modified to a 4,4'-disulfanediyldibenzene-1,3-diol, a product of crystallization conditions, and a zinc ligated 2,4-dihydroxybenzenesulfenic acid, most likely induced by radiation damage. Neither ligand was likely a result of an enzymatic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine H. Sippel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, P.O. Box 100245, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Caroli Genis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, P.O. Box 100245, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Lakshmanan Govindasamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, P.O. Box 100245, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Mavis Agbandje-McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, P.O. Box 100245, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - James J. Kiddle
- Department of Chemistry Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008
| | - Brian C. Tripp
- Department of Chemistry Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008
| | - Robert McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, P.O. Box 100245, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
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20
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Mozziconacci O, Kerwin BA, Schöneich C. Photolysis of an intrachain peptide disulfide bond: primary and secondary processes, formation of H2S, and hydrogen transfer reactions. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:3668-88. [PMID: 20178349 DOI: 10.1021/jp910789x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The photodissociation of intrachain disulfide bonds in a model peptide and salmon calcitonin generates a series of cyclic peptide products following the generation of a CysS(*) thiyl radical pair. Key to the formation of these cyclic products are disproportionation and reversible hydrogen atom transfer reactions as well as secondary photoreactions, which lead to C-S bond breakage of primary photoproducts. Depending on the wavelength of the incident light, disulfides ultimately convert into cyclic thioethers. An important photolytic product is H(2)S, which is highly relevant for the production and storage of protein pharmaceuticals, where H(2)S can catalyze disulfide scrambling and protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Mozziconacci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2095 Constant Avenue, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, USA
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21
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Mozziconacci O, Kerwin BA, Schöneich C. Reversible Hydrogen Transfer between Cysteine Thiyl Radical and Glycine and Alanine in Model Peptides: Covalent H/D Exchange, Radical−Radical Reactions, and l- to d-Ala Conversion. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:6751-62. [DOI: 10.1021/jp101508b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Mozziconacci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 2095 Constant Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, and Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., 1201 Amgen Court West, Seattle, Washington 98119
| | - Bruce A. Kerwin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 2095 Constant Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, and Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., 1201 Amgen Court West, Seattle, Washington 98119
| | - Christian Schöneich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 2095 Constant Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, and Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., 1201 Amgen Court West, Seattle, Washington 98119
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22
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Mishra B, Barik A, Kunwar A, Kumbhare LB, Priyadarsini KI, Jain VK. Correlating the GPx Activity of Selenocystine Derivatives with One-Electron Redox Reactions. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500801901046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beena Mishra
- a Radiation and Photochemistry Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Atanu Barik
- a Radiation and Photochemistry Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Amit Kunwar
- a Radiation and Photochemistry Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Liladhar B. Kumbhare
- a Radiation and Photochemistry Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - K. Indira Priyadarsini
- a Radiation and Photochemistry Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Vimal K. Jain
- b Chemistry Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai, India
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23
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Valiulin RV, Kutateladze AG. Effect of β-Alkylthioethyl Substitution in 1,3-Dithianes: Quasianchimeric Assistance in Photoinduced Electron Transfer? J Org Chem 2008; 73:6393-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo800938d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman V. Valiulin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208
| | - Andrei G. Kutateladze
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208
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24
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Mozziconacci O, Sharov V, Williams TD, Kerwin BA, Schöneich C. Peptide Cysteine Thiyl Radicals Abstract Hydrogen Atoms from Surrounding Amino Acids: The Photolysis of a Cystine Containing Model Peptide. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:9250-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp801753d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Mozziconacci
- The Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 2095 Constant Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, The Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, and Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., 1201 Amgen Court West, Seattle, WA
| | - Victor Sharov
- The Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 2095 Constant Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, The Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, and Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., 1201 Amgen Court West, Seattle, WA
| | - Todd D. Williams
- The Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 2095 Constant Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, The Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, and Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., 1201 Amgen Court West, Seattle, WA
| | - Bruce A. Kerwin
- The Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 2095 Constant Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, The Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, and Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., 1201 Amgen Court West, Seattle, WA
| | - Christian Schöneich
- The Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 2095 Constant Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, The Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, and Department of Process and Product Development, Amgen Inc., 1201 Amgen Court West, Seattle, WA
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25
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Bobrowski K, Hug GL, Pogocki D, Marciniak B, Schöneich C. Stabilization of sulfide radical cations through complexation with the peptide bond: mechanisms relevant to oxidation of proteins containing multiple methionine residues. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:9608-20. [PMID: 17658786 DOI: 10.1021/jp071191w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The recent study on the *OH-induced oxidation of calmodulin, a regulatory "calcium sensor" protein containing nine methionine (Met) residues, has supported the first experimental evidence in a protein for the formation of S therefore N three-electron bonded radical complexes involving the sulfur atom of a methionine residue and the amide groups in adjacent peptide bonds. To characterize reactions of oxidized methionine residues in proteins containing multiple methionine residues in more detail, in the current study, a small model cyclic dipeptide, c-(L-Met-L-Met), was oxidized by *OH radicals generated via pulse radiolysis and the ensuing reactive intermediates were monitored by time-resolved UV-vis spectroscopic and conductometric techniques. The picture that emerges from this investigation shows there is an efficient formation of the Met (S therefore N) radicals, in spite of the close proximity of two sulfur atoms, located in the side chains of methionine residues, and in spite of the close proximity of sulfur atoms and oxygen atoms, located in the peptide bonds. Moreover, it is shown, for the first time, that the formation of Met(S therefore N) radicals can proceed directly, via H+-transfer, with the involvement of hydrogen from the peptide bond to an intermediary hydroxysulfuranyl radical. Ultimately, the Met(S therefore N) radicals decayed via two different pH-dependent reaction pathways, (i) conversion into sulfur-sulfur, intramolecular, three-electron-bonded radical cations and (ii) a proposed hydrolytic cleavage of the protonated form of the intramolecular, three-electron-bonded radicals [Met(S therefore N)/Met(S therefore NH)+] followed by electron transfer and decarboxylation. Surprisingly, also alpha-(alkylthio)alkyl radicals enter the latter mechanism in a pH-dependent manner. Density functional theory computations were performed on the model c-(L-Met-Gly) and its radicals in order to obtain optimizations and energies to aid in the interpretation of the experiments on c-(L-Met-L-Met).
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26
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Trujillo M, Folkes L, Bartesaghi S, Kalyanaraman B, Wardman P, Radi R. Peroxynitrite-derived carbonate and nitrogen dioxide radicals readily react with lipoic and dihydrolipoic acid. Free Radic Biol Med 2005; 39:279-88. [PMID: 15964519 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2005.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2005] [Revised: 03/14/2005] [Accepted: 03/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-lipoic acid (LA) and dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) may have a role as antioxidants against nitric oxide-derived oxidants. We previously reported that peroxynitrite reacts with LA and DHLA with second-order rate constants of 1400 and 500 M(-1) s(-1), respectively, but indicated that these direct reactions are not fast enough to protect against peroxynitrite-mediated damage in vivo. Moreover, the mechanism of the reaction of peroxynitrite with LA has been recently challenged (J. Biol. Chem.279:9693-9697; 2004). Pulse radiolysis studies indicate that LA and DHLA react with peroxynitrite-derived nitrogen dioxide (*NO2) (k2 = 1.3 x 10(6) and 2.9 x 10(7) M(-1) s(-1), respectively) and carbonate radicals (CO(3-)) (k2 = 1.6 x 10(9) and 1.7 x 10(8) M(-1) s(-1), respectively). Carbonate radical-mediated oxidation of LA led to the formation of the potent one-electron oxidant LA radical cation. LA inhibited peroxynitrite-mediated nitration of tyrosine and of a hydrophobic tyrosine analog, N-t-BOC L-tyrosine tert-butyl ester (BTBE), incorporated into liposomes but enhanced tyrosine dimerization. Moreover, while LA competitively inhibited the direct oxidation of glutathione by peroxynitrite, it was poorly effective against the radical-mediated thiol oxidation. The mechanisms of reaction defined herein allow to rationalize the biochemistry of peroxynitrite based on direct and free radical-mediated processes and contribute to the understanding of the antioxidant actions of LA and DHLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madia Trujillo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
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27
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Akiho S, Ito O, Iino M. Flash photolysis study for reactions of NO3· with sulfur compounds in acetonitrile solution. INT J CHEM KINET 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.550210806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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28
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Barrón LB, Waterman KC, Filipiak P, Hug GL, Nauser T, Schöneich C. Mechanism and Kinetics of Photoisomerization of a Cyclic Disulfide, trans-4,5-Dihydroxy-1,2-dithiacyclohexane. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp037598s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena B. Barrón
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 2095 Constant Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, and Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Kenneth C. Waterman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 2095 Constant Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, and Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Piotr Filipiak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 2095 Constant Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, and Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Gordon L. Hug
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 2095 Constant Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, and Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Thomas Nauser
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 2095 Constant Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, and Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Christian Schöneich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 2095 Constant Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, and Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
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29
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Li Z, Kutateladze AG. Anomalous C−C Bond Cleavage in Sulfur-Centered Cation Radicals Containing a Vicinal Hydroxy Group. J Org Chem 2003; 68:8236-9. [PMID: 14535808 DOI: 10.1021/jo035001z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
1,3-dithianyl cation radicals having alpha-hydroxy-neopentyl or similar groups in position 2, which are generated via oxidative photoinduced electron transfer, undergo anomalous fragmentation necessitating refinement of the accepted mechanism. Experimental and computational data support a rationale in which proton abstraction from the hydroxy group in the initial cation radical does not cause a Grob-like fragmentation, but rather produces a neutral radical species, the alkoxy radical, that undergoes fragmentation in either direction, i.e., cleaving the C-C bond to dithiane or to the tertiary alkyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiguo Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208-2436, USA
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30
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Rele M, Kapoor S, Mukherjee T. Redox reactions of disulfiram: a pulse-radiolysis study. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2003. [DOI: 10.1163/156856703764929976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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31
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Asmus KD. Heteroatom-centered free radicals some selected contributions by radiation chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-6881(01)80016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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Saha A, Mandal P, Bhattacharyya S. Radiation-induced inactivation of enzymes—A review. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0969-806x(94)00130-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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Direct rate constant measurement of radical disulphide anion formation for cysteine and cysteamine in aqueous solution. Chem Phys Lett 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(95)00100-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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35
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36
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Copley SD, Frank E, Kirsch WM, Koch TH. Detection and possible origins of aminomalonic acid in protein hydrolysates. Anal Biochem 1992; 201:152-7. [PMID: 1621954 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(92)90188-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Aminomalonic acid (Ama) was first detected in alkaline hydrolysates of proteins in 1984. In this work we describe our search for the origin of aminomalonic acid in alkaline hydrolysates of proteins. We have developed a technique for quantitation of aminomalonic acid based upon gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Using this technique, we find approximately 0.3 Ama/1000 amino acids in hydrolysates of Escherichia coli protein. We have demonstrated that Ama is not formed from any of the 20 major amino acids during the hydrolysis procedure. Furthermore, the amount of Ama found does not depend on the presence of small amounts of O2 during the hydrolysis. Thus far, we have not been able to demonstrate an artifactual origin for Ama. The results described above suggest that Ama may indeed be a constituent of proteins before the hydrolysis procedure. Possible origins of Ama include errors in protein synthesis and oxidative damage to amino acid residues in proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Copley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309
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Favaudon V, Tourbez H, Houée-Levin C, Lhoste JM. CO2.- radical induced cleavage of disulfide bonds in proteins. A gamma-ray and pulse radiolysis mechanistic investigation. Biochemistry 1990; 29:10978-89. [PMID: 2125498 DOI: 10.1021/bi00501a016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Disulfide bond reduction by the CO2.- radical was investigated in aponeocarzinostatin, aporiboflavin-binding protein, and bovine immunoglobulin. Protein-bound cysteine free thiols were formed under gamma-ray irradiation in the course of a pH-dependent and protein concentration dependent chain reaction. The chain efficiency increased upon acidification of the medium, with an apparent pKa around 5, and decreased abruptly below pH 3.6. It decreased also at neutral pH as cysteine accumulated. From pulse radiolysis analysis, CO2.- proved able to induce rapid one-electron oxidation of thiols and of tyrosine phenolic groups in addition to one-electron donation to exposed disulfide bonds. The bulk rate constant of CO2.- uptake by the native proteins was 5- to 10-fold faster at pH 3 than at pH 8, and the protonated form of the disulfide radical anion, [symbol: see text], appeared to be the major protein radical species formed under acidic conditions. The main decay path of [symbol: see text] consisted of the rapid formation of a thiyl radical intermediate [symbol: see text] in equilibrium with the closed, cyclic form. The thiyl radical was subsequently reduced to the sulfhydryl level [symbol: see text] on reaction with formate, generating 1 mol of the CO2.- radical, thus propagating the chain reaction. The disulfide radical anion [symbol: see text] at pH 8 decayed through competing intramolecular and/or intermolecular routes including disproportionation, protein-protein cross-linking, electron transfer with tyrosine residues, and reaction with sulfhydryl groups in prereduced systems. Disproportionation and cross-linking were observed with the riboflavin-binding protein solely. Formation of the disulfide radical cation [symbol: see text], phenoxyl radical Tyr-O. disproportionation, and phenoxyl radical induced oxidation of preformed thiol groups should also be taken into consideration to explain the fate of the oxygen-centered phenoxyl radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Favaudon
- Unité 219 INSERM, Institut Curie-Biologie, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
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Anklam E, Margaretha P. Organic sulfuranyl radicals. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 1989. [DOI: 10.1163/156856789x00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Livesey JC, Reed DJ. Chemical Protection against Ionizing Radiation. ADVANCES IN RADIATION BIOLOGY 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-035413-9.50010-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Bonifacić M, Asmus KD. Radical reactions in aqueous disulphide-thiol systems. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY AND RELATED STUDIES IN PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MEDICINE 1984; 46:35-45. [PMID: 6430835 DOI: 10.1080/09553008414551041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Absolute rate constants have been measured for the reaction of (CH3SSCH3)+. and sulphur centred radical cations of lipoic acid, lip (SS)+., with various thiols including penicillamine, cysteamine and cysteine. Under pulse radiolysis conditions no reactions was observed between the disulphide radical cations and the neutral thiols, RSH, i.e. kappa less than or equal to 10(7) M-1 s-1. Rate constants in the order of 10(9) M-1 s-1, i.e. close to the diffusion controlled limit, were, however, found for the corresponding reactions with the thiolates, RS-. In systems containing lipoate and cysteamine the lip (S therefore S)+. induced oxidation of CyaS- proceeds via CyaS., (CyaS therefore SCya)- and lip (S S)- as intermediates, i.e. results in a cysteamine mediated conversion of an oxidizing lip (S therefore S)+. radical cation to a reducing lip (S S)- radical anion along the reaction route. In other cases the reaction of disulphide radical cations with thiolate anions was found to proceed via an optically absorbing transient (lambda max approximately 380 nm) which is suggested to be an adduct radical. The mechanism of the (RSSR)+. induced oxidation of thiolate appears to depend on the stability of the 3-electron bonded disulphide radical anion.
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Wu Z, Ahmad R, Armstrong DA. Formation of lipoamide anion radicals by hydroxyl, formate and alcohol radicals at pH 6–9. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0146-5724(84)90116-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Butler J, Land EJ, Swallow A. Chemical mechanisms of the effects of high energy radiation on biological systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0146-5724(84)90064-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bewick A, Coe DE, Libert M, Mellor JM. Mechanism of anodic acetamidosulphenylation and acetamidoselenation of alkenes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(83)80158-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Radiolysis of aqueous solutions of 2-aminoethanethiosulfuric acid. Russ Chem Bull 1982. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00954401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Prütz WA, Butler J, Land EJ, Swallow AJ. Direct demonstration of electron transfer between tryptophan and tyrosine in proteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1980; 96:408-14. [PMID: 7437044 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(80)91230-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Janata E, Veltwisch D, Asmus KD. Submicrosecond pulse radiolysis conductivity measurements in aqueous solutions—II. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/0146-5724(80)90112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Since its introduction, pulse radiolysis has been an important technique for examining the properties of organic and inorganic radicals, and for enumerating those reactions responsible for cellular damage by ionizing radiation. Biochemists, and biophysicists outside the area of radiation biology appear, perhaps for historical reasons, to have an incomplete appreciation of the technique's potential. Protein chemists in particular, have been only dimly aware of the numerous reports of, and the significant results obtained from pulse radiolysis studies of proteins. Our purpose here is to bring some of these results together in order to emphasize the power and usefulness of pulse radiolysis experiments both for elucidating enzyme reaction mechanisms, and for gaining information on the structure of proteins in aqueous solutions. Reviews containing related, or in part the same material to be covered here have appeared previously; for example, Land (1970), Adamset al.(1972a), Shafferman & Stein (1975), Adams & Wardman (1977). This review updates these earlier works, but more importantly approaches the topic of protein pulse radiolysis with a different emphasis.
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Gillbro T. STRUCTURE OF OXIDIZED DISULFIDE BONDS AS CALCULATED BY THE CNDO/2 METHOD. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1080/03086647808076555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Quintiliani M, Badiello R, Tamba M, Esfandi A, Gorin G. Radiolysis of glutathione in oxygen-containing solutions of pH7. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY AND RELATED STUDIES IN PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MEDICINE 1977; 32:195-202. [PMID: 302250 DOI: 10.1080/09553007714550891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Lal M, Lin WS, Gaucher GM, Armstrong DA. The repair, protection and sensitization of papain with respect to inactivation by H2O2 and OH: effects of dithiothreitol, penicillamine, cystine and penicillamine disulphide. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY AND RELATED STUDIES IN PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MEDICINE 1975; 28:549-64. [PMID: 1082864 DOI: 10.1080/09553007514551411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
While dithiothreitol repairs the peroxide-produced sulphenic acid derivative of papain in a fast reaction involving only one dithiothreitol molecule, penicillamine reacts with it to form papainCys25SSPen. Disulphide is also formed in the absence of peroxide (see article) by reactions of papainCys25S- AND PenS- radicals derived from -OH reactions in penicillamine-papain mixtures. A similar formation of papainCys25SSCys occurs in mixtures of cysteine and papain. However, unlike papainCys25SSCys, papainCys25SSPen cannot easily be restored to the active form of papain by the exchange reaction with CysSH, and this may have significance for an understanding of the sensitizing action of penicillamine observed in some in vivo systems. Under the action of OH radicals dithiothreitol has less of a tendency to form mixed disulphides and is more effective in repairing papain-OH intermediates than either cysteine or penicillamine. Due to secondary reactions of RSOH and other oxidized species the disulphides of cysteine and penicillamine are less effective than the sulphydryls in protecting papain against inactivation by -OH.
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