1
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Siebe L, Butenuth C, Stammler A, Bögge H, Walleck S, Glaser T. Generation and Reactivity of μ-1,2-Peroxo Cu IICu II and Bis-μ-oxo Cu IIICu III Species and Catalytic Hydroxylation of Benzene to Phenol with Hydrogen Peroxide. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2627-2639. [PMID: 38243916 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Tetradentate-N4 ligands stabilize dinuclear {CuII(μ-1,2-peroxo)CuII} and {CuIII(μ-O)2CuIII} species, and CuII complexes of these ligands were reported to catalyze the oxidation of benzene with H2O2. Here, we report {CuII(μ-1,2-peroxo)CuII} and {CuIII(μ-O)2CuIII} intermediates of dinucleating bis(tetradentate-N4) ligands depending on the absence or presence of 6-methyl substituents on the terminal pyridine donors, respectively, generated either from {CuICuI} precursors with O2 or from {CuIICuII} precursors with H2O2 and NEt3. Both intermediates are not stable even at low temperatures, but they show no electrophilic HAT reactivity with DHA. Catalytic investigations on the hydroxylation of benzene with excess H2O2 between 30 and 50 °C indicate that both radical-based and {Cu2On}-based mechanisms depend strongly on the catalytic conditions. In the presence of a radical scavenger, TONs of ∼920/∼720 have been achieved without/with the 6-methyl group of the ligand. Although {CuII(μ-OH)CuII} reacts with excess H2O2 at -40 °C to {CuII(OOH)}2 species, these are only stable for seconds at 20 °C and cannot account for catalytic oxidations over a period of 24 h at 30-50 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Siebe
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christoph Butenuth
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Anja Stammler
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hartmut Bögge
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Stephan Walleck
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thorsten Glaser
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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2
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Bouroumane N, El Boutaybi M, El Kodadi M, Touzani R, Oussaid A, Hammouti B, Abboud M. Synthesis of new heterocyclic ligands and study of the catecholase activity of catalysts based on copper(II). REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-023-02370-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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3
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Lueckheide MJ, Ertem MZ, Michon MA, Chmielniak P, Robinson JR. Peroxide-Selective Reduction of O 2 at Redox-Inactive Rare-Earth(III) Triflates Generates an Ambiphilic Peroxide. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:17295-17306. [PMID: 36083877 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Metal peroxides are key species involved in a range of critical biological and synthetic processes. Rare-earth (group III and the lanthanides; Sc, Y, La-Lu) peroxides have been implicated as reactive intermediates in catalysis; however, reactivity studies of isolated, structurally characterized rare-earth peroxides have been limited. Herein, we report the peroxide-selective (93-99% O22-) reduction of dioxygen (O2) at redox-inactive rare-earth triflates in methanol using a mild metallocene reductant, decamethylferrocene (Fc*). The first molecular praseodymium peroxide ([PrIII2(O22-)(18C6)2(EG)2][OTf]4; 18C6 = 18-crown-6, EG = ethylene glycol, -OTf = -O3SCF3; 2-Pr) was isolated and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and NMR spectroscopy. 2-Pr displays high thermal stability (120 °C, 50 mTorr), is protonated by mild organic acids [pKa1(MeOH) = 5.09 ± 0.23], and engages in electrophilic (e.g., oxygen atom transfer) and nucleophilic (e.g., phosphate-ester cleavage) reactivity. Our mechanistic studies reveal that the rate of oxygen reduction is dictated by metal-ion accessibility, rather than Lewis acidity, and suggest new opportunities for differentiated reactivity of redox-inactive metal ions by leveraging weak metal-ligand binding events preceding electron transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Lueckheide
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Mehmed Z Ertem
- Chemistry Division, Energy & Photon Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Michael A Michon
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Pawel Chmielniak
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Jerome R Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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4
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Itoh S. Impressive Experiences Encountered in the Development from Bioorganic Chemistry Research to Bioinorganic Chemistry Research. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2022. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.80.697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Itoh
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University
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5
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Morimoto Y, Itoh S. Hydroxylation of Aliphatic and Aromatic C-H Bonds Catalyzed by Biomimetic Transition-metal Complexes. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2022. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.80.506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shinobu Itoh
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University
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6
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Waigum A, Black JA, Köhn A. A generalized hybrid scheme for multireference methods. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:204106. [PMID: 34852483 DOI: 10.1063/5.0067511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A generalization of the hybrid scheme for multireference methods as recently put forward by Saitow and Yanai [J. Chem. Phys. 152, 114 111 (2020)] is presented. The hybrid methods are constructed by defining internal and external excitation spaces and evaluating these two subsets of excitations at different levels of theory. New hybrids that use the mix of internally contracted multireference coupled-cluster, unshifted multireference coupled electron pair, and multireference perturbation methods are derived and benchmarked. A new separation of the excitation space, which combines all singles and doubles excitations to the virtual orbitals into the external space, is also presented and tested. In general, the hybrid methods improve upon their non-hybrid parent method and offer a good compromise between computational complexity and numerical accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Waigum
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J A Black
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - A Köhn
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Costas
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) Universitat de Girona C/Mª Aurèlia Capmany 69 17003 Girona Catalonia Spain
| | - Anna Company
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) Universitat de Girona C/Mª Aurèlia Capmany 69 17003 Girona Catalonia Spain
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8
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Matoba Y, Oda K, Muraki Y, Masuda T. The basicity of an active-site water molecule discriminates between tyrosinase and catechol oxidase activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1861-1870. [PMID: 34089758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase (Ty) and catechol oxidase (CO) are members of type-3 copper enzymes. While Ty catalyzes both phenolase and catecholase reactions, CO catalyzes only the latter reaction. In the present study, Ty was found to catalyze the catecholase reaction, but hardly the phenolase reaction in the presence of the metallochaperon called "caddie protein (Cad)". The ability of the substrates to dissociate the motif shielding the active-site pocket seems to contribute critically to the substrate specificity of Ty. In addition, a mutation at the N191 residue, which forms a hydrogen bond with a water molecule near the active center, decreased the inherent ratio of phenolase versus catecholase activity. Unlike the wild-type complex, reaction intermediates were not observed when the catalytic reaction toward the Y98 residue of Cad was progressed in the crystalline state. The increased basicity of the water molecule may be necessary to inhibit the proton transfer from the conjugate acid to a hydroxide ion bridging the two copper ions. The deprotonation of the substrate hydroxyl by the bridging hydroxide seems to be significant for the efficient catalytic cycle of the phenolase reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Matoba
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Yasuhigashi 6-13-1, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima, 731-0153, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Oda
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Muraki
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Taro Masuda
- Division of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
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9
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Fukuda Y, Yoshinari N, Yamagami K, Konno T. Transformations of empty CuI4 core to CuI2CuII2O and CuI6S cores via oxide and sulfide insertions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5386-5389. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01572a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A tetrahedral {CuI4}4+ core is reversibly transformed to a mixed-valent {CuI2CuII2O}4+ core via the oxidative insertion and the reductive elimination of an oxide ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Fukuda
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka University
- Toyonaka
- Japan
| | - Nobuto Yoshinari
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka University
- Toyonaka
- Japan
| | - Kohei Yamagami
- Institute for Solid State Physics
- The University of Tokyo
- Kashiwa
- Japan
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST)
| | - Takumi Konno
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka University
- Toyonaka
- Japan
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10
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Besalú-Sala P, Magallón C, Costas M, Company A, Luis JM. Mechanistic Insights into the ortho-Defluorination-Hydroxylation of 2-Halophenolates Promoted by a Bis(μ-oxo)dicopper(III) Complex. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:17018-17027. [PMID: 33156988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
C-F bonds are one of the most inert functionalities. Nevertheless, some [Cu2O2]2+ species are able to defluorinate-hydroxylate ortho-fluorophenolates in a chemoselective manner over other ortho-halophenolates. Albeit it is known that such reactivity is promoted by an electrophilic attack of a [Cu2O2]2+ core over the arene ring, the crucial details of the mechanism that explain the chemo- and regioselectivity of the reaction remain unknown, and it has not being determined either if CuII2(η2:η2-O2) or CuIII2(μ-O)2 species are responsible for the initial attack on the arene. Herein, we present a combined theoretical and experimental mechanistic study to unravel the origin of the chemoselectivity of the ortho-defluorination-hydroxylation of 2-halophenolates by the [Cu2(O)2(DBED)2]2+ complex (DBED = N,N'-di-tert-butylethylenediamine). Our results show that the equilibria between (side-on)peroxo (P) and bis(μ-oxo) (O) isomers plays a key role in the mechanism, with the latter being the reactive species. Furthermore, on the basis of quantum-mechanical calculations, we were able to rationalize the chemoselective preference of the [Cu2(O)2(DBED)2]2+ catalyst for the C-F activation over C-Cl and C-H activations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Besalú-Sala
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carla Magallón
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miquel Costas
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Company
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep M Luis
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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11
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Fujieda N, Umakoshi K, Ochi Y, Nishikawa Y, Yanagisawa S, Kubo M, Kurisu G, Itoh S. Copper–Oxygen Dynamics in the Tyrosinase Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13385-13390. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobutaka Fujieda
- Department of Applied Life Sciences Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences Osaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai-shi Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Kyohei Umakoshi
- Department of Material and Life Science Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Yuta Ochi
- Department of Applied Life Sciences Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences Osaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai-shi Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Yosuke Nishikawa
- Institute for Protein Research Osaka University 3-2 Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Sachiko Yanagisawa
- Graduate School of Life Science University of Hyogo 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun Hyogo 678-1297 Japan
| | - Minoru Kubo
- Graduate School of Life Science University of Hyogo 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun Hyogo 678-1297 Japan
| | - Genji Kurisu
- Institute for Protein Research Osaka University 3-2 Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Shinobu Itoh
- Department of Material and Life Science Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
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12
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Fujieda N, Umakoshi K, Ochi Y, Nishikawa Y, Yanagisawa S, Kubo M, Kurisu G, Itoh S. Copper–Oxygen Dynamics in the Tyrosinase Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobutaka Fujieda
- Department of Applied Life Sciences Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences Osaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai-shi Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Kyohei Umakoshi
- Department of Material and Life Science Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Yuta Ochi
- Department of Applied Life Sciences Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences Osaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai-shi Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Yosuke Nishikawa
- Institute for Protein Research Osaka University 3-2 Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Sachiko Yanagisawa
- Graduate School of Life Science University of Hyogo 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun Hyogo 678-1297 Japan
| | - Minoru Kubo
- Graduate School of Life Science University of Hyogo 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun Hyogo 678-1297 Japan
| | - Genji Kurisu
- Institute for Protein Research Osaka University 3-2 Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Shinobu Itoh
- Department of Material and Life Science Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
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13
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Abe T, Shiota Y, Itoh S, Yoshizawa K. Theoretical rationalization for the equilibrium between (μ-η 2:η 2-peroxido)Cu IICu II and bis(μ-oxido)Cu IIICu III complexes: perturbational effects from ligand frameworks. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:6710-6717. [PMID: 32368776 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01001d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DFT calculations are carried out to investigate the geometric effects of the supporting ligands in the relative energies of the (μ-η2:η2-peroxido)CuIICuII complex 1 and the bis(μ-oxido)CuIIICuIII complex 2. The N3-tridentate ligand bearing acyclic propane diamine framework La preferentially provided 1, whereas the N3-tridentate ligand with cyclic diamine framework such as 1,4-diazacycloheptane Lb gave 2 after the oxygenation of the corresponding CuI complexes as reported previously [S. Itoh, et al., Inorg. Chem., 2014, 53, 8786-8794]. Calculations at the B3LYP*-D3 level of theory can reasonably explain the experimental results in relative energies, structures and harmonic frequencies of 1 and 2. Perturbational effects of the diamine chelates of La and Lb especially on the equilibrium of 1 and 2 are investigated in detail. In the range from 2.30 Å to 3.40 Å of the N-N distance in the diamine moiety, 1 is more stable than 2 by 8.4 kcal mol-1 at the distance of 3.40 Å. Calculated potential energies indicate that the decrease in the N-N distance is associated with a decrease in energy of 2, leading that 2 can be most stabilized at the N-N distance of 2.60 Å. Furthermore, molecular orbitals analyses are performed to explain that the energy gaps between the σ* orbital of the O-O bond and the dx2-y2 orbitals of the CuII ions of 1 get small as the diamine moiety is shrunk, leading to facilitate the O-O bond cleavage from 1 to 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Abe
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCS, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Yoshihito Shiota
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCS, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Shinobu Itoh
- Department of Material and Life Science, Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCS, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
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14
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Wang Y, Guan J, Mei B, Fan M, Lu R, Du R, Chen K, Yao J, Jiang Z, Li H. Distribution of Spin Density on Phenoxyl Radicals Affects the Selectivity of Aerobic Oxygenation of Phenols. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:3562-3569. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongtao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Jun Guan
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Bingbao Mei
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, P. R. China
| | - Mengtian Fan
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Rui Lu
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Renfeng Du
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Kaizhou Chen
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Jia Yao
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
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15
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Su Y, Huang G, Ye F, Qiao P, Ye J, Gao Y, Chen H. Facile access to evodiakine enabled by aerobic copper-catalyzed oxidative rearrangement. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:8811-8815. [PMID: 31573009 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01832h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidation as a fundamentally important method for the synthesis of complex structures is difficult to achieve in a selective manner. Evodiakine, a complex natural product possessing an unprecedented ring system (6/5/5/7/6), has a high oxidation state without a practical solution. Herein, we report the first synthesis of evodiakine via aerobic copper-catalyzed late-stage functionalization of evodiamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Su
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fuzhou University), Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China.
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16
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Schön F, Biebl F, Greb L, Leingang S, Grimm‐Lebsanft B, Teubner M, Buchenau S, Kaifer E, Rübhausen MA, Himmel H. On the Metal Cooperativity in a Dinuclear Copper–Guanidine Complex for Aliphatic C−H Bond Cleavage by Dioxygen. Chemistry 2019; 25:11257-11268. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schön
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Florian Biebl
- Institut für Nanostruktur- und FestkörperphysikUniversität Hamburg and Center for Free Electron Laser Science Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany
| | - Lutz Greb
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Simone Leingang
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Benjamin Grimm‐Lebsanft
- Institut für Nanostruktur- und FestkörperphysikUniversität Hamburg and Center for Free Electron Laser Science Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany
| | - Melissa Teubner
- Institut für Nanostruktur- und FestkörperphysikUniversität Hamburg and Center for Free Electron Laser Science Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany
| | - Sören Buchenau
- Institut für Nanostruktur- und FestkörperphysikUniversität Hamburg and Center for Free Electron Laser Science Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Michael A. Rübhausen
- Institut für Nanostruktur- und FestkörperphysikUniversität Hamburg and Center for Free Electron Laser Science Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany
| | - Hans‐Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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17
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Trammell R, D'Amore L, Cordova A, Polunin P, Xie N, Siegler MA, Belanzoni P, Swart M, Garcia-Bosch I. Directed Hydroxylation of sp 2 and sp 3 C-H Bonds Using Stoichiometric Amounts of Cu and H 2O 2. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:7584-7592. [PMID: 31084018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of copper for C-H bond functionalization, compared to other metals, is relatively unexplored. Herein, we report a synthetic protocol for the regioselective hydroxylation of sp2 and sp3 C-H bonds using a directing group, stoichiometric amounts of Cu and H2O2. A wide array of aromatic ketones and aldehydes are oxidized in the carbonyl γ-position with remarkable yields. We also expanded this methodology to hydroxylate the β-position of alkylic ketones. Spectroscopic characterization, kinetics, and density functional theory calculations point toward the involvement of a mononuclear LCuII(OOH) species, which oxidizes the aromatic sp2 C-H bonds via a concerted heterolytic O-O bond cleavage with concomitant electrophilic attack on the arene system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Trammell
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
| | - Lorenzo D'Amore
- University of Girona , Campus Montilivi (Ciències), IQCC , 17004 Girona , Spain
| | - Alexandra Cordova
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
| | - Pavel Polunin
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
| | - Nan Xie
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Paola Belanzoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università degli Studi di Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy.,Consortium for Computational Molecular and Materials Sciences (CMS)2 , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Marcel Swart
- University of Girona , Campus Montilivi (Ciències), IQCC , 17004 Girona , Spain.,ICREA , Pg. Lluís Companys 23 , 08010 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Isaac Garcia-Bosch
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
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18
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Herzigkeit B, Jurgeleit R, Flöser BM, Meißner NE, Engesser TA, Näther C, Tuczek F. Employing Linear Tridentate Ligands with Pyrazole End Groups in Catalytic Tyrosinase Model Chemistry: Does Hemilability Matter? Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Herzigkeit
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian‐Albrechts‐Universität zu Kiel Max‐Eyth‐Straße 2 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Ramona Jurgeleit
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian‐Albrechts‐Universität zu Kiel Max‐Eyth‐Straße 2 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Benedikt M. Flöser
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian‐Albrechts‐Universität zu Kiel Max‐Eyth‐Straße 2 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Nadja E. Meißner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian‐Albrechts‐Universität zu Kiel Max‐Eyth‐Straße 2 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Tobias A. Engesser
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian‐Albrechts‐Universität zu Kiel Max‐Eyth‐Straße 2 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Christian Näther
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian‐Albrechts‐Universität zu Kiel Max‐Eyth‐Straße 2 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Christian‐Albrechts‐Universität zu Kiel Max‐Eyth‐Straße 2 24118 Kiel Germany
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19
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Trammell R, Rajabimoghadam K, Garcia-Bosch I. Copper-Promoted Functionalization of Organic Molecules: from Biologically Relevant Cu/O 2 Model Systems to Organometallic Transformations. Chem Rev 2019; 119:2954-3031. [PMID: 30698952 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Copper is one of the most abundant and less toxic transition metals. Nature takes advantage of the bioavailability and rich redox chemistry of Cu to carry out oxygenase and oxidase organic transformations using O2 (or H2O2) as oxidant. Inspired by the reactivity of these Cu-dependent metalloenzymes, chemists have developed synthetic protocols to functionalize organic molecules under enviormentally benign conditions. Copper also promotes other transformations usually catalyzed by 4d and 5d transition metals (Pd, Pt, Rh, etc.) such as nitrene insertions or C-C and C-heteroatom coupling reactions. In this review, we summarized the most relevant research in which copper promotes or catalyzes the functionalization of organic molecules, including biological catalysis, bioinspired model systems, and organometallic reactivity. The reaction mechanisms by which these processes take place are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Trammell
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
| | | | - Isaac Garcia-Bosch
- Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas , Texas 75275 , United States
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20
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Matoba Y, Kihara S, Bando N, Yoshitsu H, Sakaguchi M, Kayama K, Yanagisawa S, Ogura T, Sugiyama M. Catalytic mechanism of the tyrosinase reaction toward the Tyr98 residue in the caddie protein. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e3000077. [PMID: 30596633 PMCID: PMC6312201 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1), a copper-containing monooxygenase, catalyzes the conversion of phenol to the corresponding ortho-quinone. The Streptomyces tyrosinase is generated as a complex with a “caddie” protein that facilitates the transport of two copper ions into the active center. In our previous study, the Tyr98 residue in the caddie protein, which is accommodated in the pocket of active center of tyrosinase, has been found to be converted to a reactive quinone through the formations of the μ-η2:η2-peroxo-dicopper(II) and Cu(II)-dopasemiquinone intermediates. Until now—despite extensive studies for the tyrosinase reaction based on the crystallographic analysis, low-molecular-weight models, and computer simulations—the catalytic mechanism has been unable to be made clear at an atomic level. To make the catalytic mechanism of tyrosinase clear, in the present study, the cryo-trapped crystal structures were determined at very high resolutions (1.16–1.70 Å). The structures suggest the existence of an important step for the tyrosinase reaction that has not yet been found: that is, the hydroxylation reaction is triggered by the movement of CuA, which induces the syn-to-anti rearrangement of the copper ligands after the formation of μ-η2:η2-peroxo-dicopper(II) core. By the rearrangement, the hydroxyl group of the substrate is placed in an equatorial position, allowing the electrophilic attack to the aromatic ring by the Cu2O2 oxidant. The cryo-trapped crystal structures of tyrosinase in a complex with its “caddie” protein reveal structural insight into the catalytic mechanism of tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the production of melanin. Tyrosinase is an enzyme that controls a rate-limiting reaction of melanogenesis: it catalyzes the conversion of a phenol to the corresponding ortho-quinone. Streptomyces tyrosinase is formed as a complex, with a “caddie” protein that assists with the transport of the two copper ions into the enzyme’s active center. In our previous study, we showed that the Tyr98 residue in the caddie protein, which is accommodated in the pocket of active center of tyrosinase, is converted to a reactive quinone through the formations of the μ-η2:η2-peroxo-dicopper(II) and Cu(II)-dopasemiquinone intermediates. Until now—despite extensive studies of the tyrosinase reaction based on the crystallographic analysis, low-molecular-weight model systems, and computer simulations—the catalytic mechanism was unclear at an atomic level. To understand the catalytic mechanism of tyrosinase in detail, we determined the cryo-trapped crystal structures at very high resolutions, which suggest an important new step for the tyrosinase reaction: the hydroxylation reaction triggered by the movement of CuA, which induces the syn-to-anti rearrangement of the copper ligands after the formation of μ-η2:η2-peroxo-dicopper(II) core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Matoba
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- * E-mail: (YM); (MS)
| | - Shogo Kihara
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naohiko Bando
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hironari Yoshitsu
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Miyuki Sakaguchi
- Picobiology Institute, Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kure’e Kayama
- Picobiology Institute, Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Sachiko Yanagisawa
- Picobiology Institute, Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogura
- Picobiology Institute, Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masanori Sugiyama
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- * E-mail: (YM); (MS)
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21
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Magallón C, Serrano-Plana J, Roldán-Gómez S, Ribas X, Costas M, Company A. Preparation of a coordinatively saturated μ-η2:η2-peroxodicopper(II) compound. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Itoh S, Abe T, Morimoto Y, Sugimoto H. 2-(2-Pyridyl)ethylamine (Pye) ligands in copper(I)-dioxygen chemistry. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Presti EL, Monzani E, Santagostini L, Casella L. Building biomimetic model compounds of dinuclear and trinuclear copper clusters for stereoselective oxidations. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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Decker H, Solem E, Tuczek F. Are glutamate and asparagine necessary for tyrosinase activity of type-3 copper proteins? Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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25
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Chatterjee A, Yadav HR, Choudhury AR, Ali A, Singh Y, Ghosh R. Tyrosinase and catecholase-like activities of a dinuclear Cu(II) complex. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Matsumoto T, Kishima T, Yatabe T, Yoon KS, Ogo S. Mechanistic Insight into Switching between H2- or O2-Activation by Simple Ligand Effects of [NiFe]hydrogenase Models. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Matsumoto
- Center for Small Molecule Energy, ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, and §International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy
Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kishima
- Center for Small Molecule Energy, ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, and §International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy
Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yatabe
- Center for Small Molecule Energy, ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, and §International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy
Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ki-Seok Yoon
- Center for Small Molecule Energy, ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, and §International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy
Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Seiji Ogo
- Center for Small Molecule Energy, ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, and §International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy
Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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27
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Liebhäuser P, Keisers K, Hoffmann A, Schnappinger T, Sommer I, Thoma A, Wilfer C, Schoch R, Stührenberg K, Bauer M, Dürr M, Ivanović-Burmazović I, Herres-Pawlis S. Record Broken: A Copper Peroxide Complex with Enhanced Stability and Faster Hydroxylation Catalysis. Chemistry 2017; 23:12171-12183. [PMID: 28425134 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase model systems pinpoint pathways to translating Nature's synthetic abilities for useful synthetic catalysts. Mostly, they use N-donor ligands which mimic the histidine residues coordinating the two copper centres. Copper complexes with bis(pyrazolyl)methanes with pyridinyl or imidazolyl moieties are already reported as excellent tyrosinase models. Substitution of the pyridinyl donor results in the new ligand HC(3-tBuPz)2 (4-CO2 MePy) which stabilises a room-temperature stable μ-η2 :η2 -peroxide dicopper(II) species upon oxygenation. It reveals highly efficient catalytic activity as it hydroxylates 8-hydroxyquinoline in high yields (TONs of up to 20) and much faster than all other model systems (max. conversion within 7.5 min). Stoichiometric reactions with para-substituted sodium phenolates show saturation kinetics which are nearly linear for electron-rich substrates. The resulting Hammett correlation proves the electrophilic aromatic substitution mechanism. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations elucidate the influence of the substituent at the pyridinyl donor: the carboxymethyl group adjusts the basicity and nucleophilicity without additional steric demand. This substitution opens up new pathways in reactivity tuning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Liebhäuser
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kristina Keisers
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schnappinger
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Isabella Sommer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anne Thoma
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Claudia Wilfer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Roland Schoch
- Department Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Kai Stührenberg
- Department Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Matthias Bauer
- Department Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Maximilian Dürr
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ivana Ivanović-Burmazović
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sonja Herres-Pawlis
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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28
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Quist DA, Diaz DE, Liu JJ, Karlin KD. Activation of dioxygen by copper metalloproteins and insights from model complexes. J Biol Inorg Chem 2017; 22:253-288. [PMID: 27921179 PMCID: PMC5600896 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-016-1415-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nature uses dioxygen as a key oxidant in the transformation of biomolecules. Among the enzymes that are utilized for these reactions are copper-containing metalloenzymes, which are responsible for important biological functions such as the regulation of neurotransmitters, dioxygen transport, and cellular respiration. Enzymatic and model system studies work in tandem in order to gain an understanding of the fundamental reductive activation of dioxygen by copper complexes. This review covers the most recent advancements in the structures, spectroscopy, and reaction mechanisms for dioxygen-activating copper proteins and relevant synthetic models thereof. An emphasis has also been placed on cofactor biogenesis, a fundamentally important process whereby biomolecules are post-translationally modified by the pro-enzyme active site to generate cofactors which are essential for the catalytic enzymatic reaction. Significant questions remaining in copper-ion-mediated O2-activation in copper proteins are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Quist
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Daniel E Diaz
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Kenneth D Karlin
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
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29
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Hamann JN, Herzigkeit B, Jurgeleit R, Tuczek F. Small-molecule models of tyrosinase: From ligand hydroxylation to catalytic monooxygenation of external substrates. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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30
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Wang VCC, Maji S, Chen PPY, Lee HK, Yu SSF, Chan SI. Alkane Oxidation: Methane Monooxygenases, Related Enzymes, and Their Biomimetics. Chem Rev 2017; 117:8574-8621. [PMID: 28206744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Methane monooxygenases (MMOs) mediate the facile conversion of methane into methanol in methanotrophic bacteria with high efficiency under ambient conditions. Because the selective oxidation of methane is extremely challenging, there is considerable interest in understanding how these enzymes carry out this difficult chemistry. The impetus of these efforts is to learn from the microbes to develop a biomimetic catalyst to accomplish the same chemical transformation. Here, we review the progress made over the past two to three decades toward delineating the structures and functions of the catalytic sites in two MMOs: soluble methane monooxygenase (sMMO) and particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO). sMMO is a water-soluble three-component protein complex consisting of a hydroxylase with a nonheme diiron catalytic site; pMMO is a membrane-bound metalloenzyme with a unique tricopper cluster as the site of hydroxylation. The metal cluster in each of these MMOs harnesses O2 to functionalize the C-H bond using different chemistry. We highlight some of the common basic principles that they share. Finally, the development of functional models of the catalytic sites of MMOs is described. These efforts have culminated in the first successful biomimetic catalyst capable of efficient methane oxidation without overoxidation at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent C-C Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica , 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Suman Maji
- School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University , Jalandhar-Delhi G. T. Road (NH-1), Phagwara, Punjab India 144411
| | - Peter P-Y Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University , 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Hung Kay Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Steve S-F Yu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica , 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Sunney I Chan
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica , 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University , No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.,Noyes Laboratory, 127-72, California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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31
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Elwell CE, Gagnon NL, Neisen BD, Dhar D, Spaeth AD, Yee GM, Tolman WB. Copper-Oxygen Complexes Revisited: Structures, Spectroscopy, and Reactivity. Chem Rev 2017; 117:2059-2107. [PMID: 28103018 PMCID: PMC5963733 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 441] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A longstanding research goal has been to understand the nature and role of copper-oxygen intermediates within copper-containing enzymes and abiological catalysts. Synthetic chemistry has played a pivotal role in highlighting the viability of proposed intermediates and expanding the library of known copper-oxygen cores. In addition to the number of new complexes that have been synthesized since the previous reviews on this topic in this journal (Mirica, L. M.; Ottenwaelder, X.; Stack, T. D. P. Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 1013-1046 and Lewis, E. A.; Tolman, W. B. Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 1047-1076), the field has seen significant expansion in the (1) range of cores synthesized and characterized, (2) amount of mechanistic work performed, particularly in the area of organic substrate oxidation, and (3) use of computational methods for both the corroboration and prediction of proposed intermediates. The scope of this review has been limited to well-characterized examples of copper-oxygen species but seeks to provide a thorough picture of the spectroscopic characteristics and reactivity trends of the copper-oxygen cores discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney E Elwell
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Metals in Biocatalysis, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Nicole L Gagnon
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Metals in Biocatalysis, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Benjamin D Neisen
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Metals in Biocatalysis, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Debanjan Dhar
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Metals in Biocatalysis, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Andrew D Spaeth
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Metals in Biocatalysis, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Gereon M Yee
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Metals in Biocatalysis, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - William B Tolman
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Metals in Biocatalysis, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Gupta P, Diefenbach M, Holthausen MC, Förster M. Copper-Mediated Selective Hydroxylation of a Non-activated C−H Bond in Steroids: A DFT Study of Schönecker's Reaction. Chemistry 2016; 23:1427-1435. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Gupta
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Present address: Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Martin Diefenbach
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Max C. Holthausen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Moritz Förster
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
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33
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Fujieda N, Itoh S. Controlling Dicopper Protein Functions. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20150444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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34
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Zhang J, Wang Y, Luo N, Chen Z, Wu K, Yin G. Redox inactive metal ion triggered N-dealkylation by an iron catalyst with dioxygen activation: a lesson from lipoxygenases. Dalton Trans 2016; 44:9847-59. [PMID: 25939391 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00804b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Utilization of dioxygen as the terminal oxidant at ambient temperature is always a challenge in redox chemistry, because it is hard to oxidize a stable redox metal ion like iron(III) to its high oxidation state to initialize the catalytic cycle. Inspired by the dioxygenation and co-oxidase activity of lipoxygenases, herein, we introduce an alternative protocol to activate the sluggish iron(III) species with non-redox metal ions, which can promote its oxidizing power to facilitate substrate oxidation with dioxygen, thus initializing the catalytic cycle. In oxidations of N,N-dimethylaniline and its analogues, adding Zn(OTf)2 to the [Fe(TPA)Cl2]Cl catalyst can trigger the amine oxidation with dioxygen, whereas [Fe(TPA)Cl2]Cl alone is very sluggish. In stoichiometric oxidations, it has also been confirmed that the presence of Zn(OTf)2 can apparently improve the electron transfer capability of the [Fe(TPA)Cl2]Cl complex. Experiments using different types of substrates as trapping reagents disclosed that the iron(IV) species does not occur in the catalytic cycle, suggesting that oxidation of amines is initialized by electron transfer rather than hydrogen abstraction. Combined experiments from UV-Vis, high resolution mass spectrometry, electrochemistry, EPR and oxidation kinetics support that the improved electron transfer ability of iron(III) species originates from its interaction with added Lewis acids like Zn(2+) through a plausible chloride or OTf(-) bridge, which has promoted the redox potential of iron(III) species. The amine oxidation mechanism was also discussed based on the available data, which resembles the co-oxidase activity of lipoxygenases in oxidative dealkylation of xenobiotic metabolisms where an external electron donor is not essential for dioxygen activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System, Ministry of Education, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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35
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Hu Y, Wang Y, Deng J, Jiang H. The structure of a prophenoloxidase (PPO) from Anopheles gambiae provides new insights into the mechanism of PPO activation. BMC Biol 2016; 14:2. [PMID: 26732497 PMCID: PMC4700666 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-015-0225-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenoloxidase (PO)-catalyzed melanization is a universal defense mechanism of insects against pathogenic and parasitic infections. In mosquitos such as Anopheles gambiae, melanotic encapsulation is a resistance mechanism against certain parasites that cause malaria and filariasis. PO is initially synthesized by hemocytes and released into hemolymph as inactive prophenoloxidase (PPO), which is activated by a serine protease cascade upon recognition of foreign invaders. The mechanisms of PPO activation and PO catalysis have been elusive. RESULTS Herein, we report the crystal structure of PPO8 from A. gambiae at 2.6 Å resolution. PPO8 forms a homodimer with each subunit displaying a classical type III di-copper active center. Our molecular docking and mutagenesis studies revealed a new substrate-binding site with Glu364 as the catalytic residue responsible for the deprotonation of mono- and di-phenolic substrates. Mutation of Glu364 severely impaired both the monophenol hydroxylase and diphenoloxidase activities of AgPPO8. Our data suggested that the newly identified substrate-binding pocket is the actual site for catalysis, and PPO activation could be achieved without withdrawing the conserved phenylalanine residue that was previously deemed as the substrate 'placeholder'. CONCLUSIONS We present the structural and functional data from a mosquito PPO. Our results revealed a novel substrate-binding site with Glu364 identified as the key catalytic residue for PO enzymatic activities. Our data offered a new model for PPO activation at the molecular level, which differs from the canonical mechanism that demands withdrawing a blocking phenylalanine residue from the previously deemed substrate-binding site. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms of PPO activation and enzymatic catalysis of PO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxia Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
| | - Junpeng Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
| | - Haobo Jiang
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
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36
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Saracini C, Ohkubo K, Suenobu T, Meyer GJ, Karlin KD, Fukuzumi S. Laser-Induced Dynamics of Peroxodicopper(II) Complexes Vary with the Ligand Architecture. One-Photon Two-Electron O2 Ejection and Formation of Mixed-Valent Cu(I)Cu(II)-Superoxide Intermediates. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:15865-74. [PMID: 26651492 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b10177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Photoexcitation of end-on trans-μ-1,2-peroxodicopper(II) complex [(tmpa)2Cu(II)2(O2)](2+) (1) (λmax = 525 and 600 nm) and side-on μ-η(2):η(2)-peroxodicopper(II) complexes [(N5)Cu(II)2(O2)](2+) (2) and [(N3)Cu(II)2(O2)](2+) (3) at -80 °C in acetone led to one-photon two-electron peroxide-to-dioxygen oxidation chemistry (O2(2-) + hν → O2 + 2e(-)). Interestingly, light excitation of 2 and 3 (having side-on μ-η(2):η(2)-peroxo ligation) led to release of dioxygen, while photoexcitation of 1 (having an end-on trans-1,2-peroxo geometry) did not, even though spectroscopic studies revealed that both reactions proceeded through previously unknown mixed-valent superoxide species: [Cu(II)(O2(•-))Cu(I)](2+) (λmax = 685-740 nm). For 1, this intermediate underwent further fast intramolecular electron transfer to yield an "O2-caged" dicopper(I) adduct, Cu(I)2-O2, and a barrierless stepwise back electron transfer to regenerate 1 occurred. Femtosecond laser excitation of 2 and 3 under the same conditions still led to [Cu(II)(O2(•-))Cu(I)](2+) intermediates that, instead, underwent O2 release with a quantum yield of 0.14 ± 0.1 for 3. Such remarkable differences in reaction pathways likely result from the well-known ligand-derived stability of 2 and 3 vs 1 indicated by ligand-Cu(II/I) redox potentials; (N5)Cu(I) and (N3)Cu(I) complexes are far more stable than (tmpa)Cu(I) species. The fast Cu(I)2/O2 rebinding kinetics was also measured after photoexcitation of 2 and 3, with the results closely tracking those known for the dicopper proteins hemocyanin and tyrosinase, for which the synthetic dicopper(I) precursors [(N5)Cu(I)2](2+) and [(N3)Cu(I)2](2+) and their dioxygen adducts serve as models. The biological relevance of the present findings is discussed, including the potential impact on the solar water splitting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Saracini
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University , Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Tomoyoshi Suenobu
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kenneth D Karlin
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University , Seoul 120-750, Korea.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Meijo University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , Nagoya, Aichi 468-0073, Japan
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Lee SH, Baek K, Lee JE, Kim BG. Using tyrosinase as a monophenol monooxygenase: A combined strategy for effective inhibition of melanin formation. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 113:735-43. [PMID: 26461518 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a binuclear copper-containing metalloprotein that leads the fast and regio-selective o-hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols. However, the subsequent second oxidation to produce o-quinones, i.e., melanin precursors, from the o-diphenols has restricted its use to the production of functional o-diphenol derivatives. Herein, we present a combined strategy for the effective inhibition of melanin formation in tyrosinase reaction, which allows the use of tyrosinase as a monophenol monooxygenase. The o-diphenolic products were protected from being oxidized in the tyrosinase reaction by borate ions and L-ascorbic acid (LAA). Borate-o-diphenol complexes were favorable formed at high pH and consequentially protected the o-diphenolic products from the catecholase activity of tyrosinase. LAA not only directly reduced the byproduct, o-quinones, into o-diphenols but also assisted the completion of the tyrosinase reaction cycle by removing a hydroxyl group attached to the copper metal cluster at the active site of the met-form tyrosinase. The regio-selective o-hydroxylation of 7,4'-dihydroxyisoflavone (daidzein) to produce 7,3',4'-trihydroxyisoflavone (3'-ODI) was successfully carried out by whole E. coli cell biotransformation with heterologously expressed tyrosinase from Bacillus megaterium. The yield of this o-hydroxylation of 5 mM daidzein in one-pot 400 mL reaction was ca. 100% in 90 min and the productivity was 16.3 mg 3'-ODI · L(-1) · h(-1) · DCW mg(-1), which is considerably higher than that of other monooxygenases. The method effectively abolished melanin synthesis, so that the o-diphenolic product remained stable without enzyme inactivation. Other monophenolic phytochemicals such as resveratrol and genistein could be subjected to the same strategy. After 1 h, 1 mM of genistein and resveratrol were both converted to orobol and piceatannol, respectively, with ca. 95% conversion yield. These results support the strong potential of tyrosinase as a monooxygenase for regio-selective o-hydroxylation of various monophenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyuk Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kiheon Baek
- Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, 151-744, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju-Eun Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung-Gee Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. .,Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. .,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. .,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, 151-744, Seoul, South Korea.
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38
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Herres-Pawlis S, Haase R, Verma P, Hoffmann A, Kang P, Stack TDP. Formation of hybrid guanidine-stabilized bis(μ-oxo)dicopper cores in solution: Electronic and steric perturbations. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015; 2015:5426-5436. [PMID: 27990098 PMCID: PMC5158105 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A series of new hybrid peralkylated-amine-guanidine ligands based on a 1,3-propanediamine backbone and their Cu-O2 chemistry is reported. The copper(I) complexes react readily with O2 at low temperatures in aprotic solvents with weakly coordinating anions to form exclusively bis(μ-oxo) dicopper species (O). Variation of the substituents on each side of the hybrid bidentate ligand highlights that less sterically demanding amine and guanidine substituents increase not only the thermal stability of the formed O cores but enhance inner-sphere phenolate hydroxylation pathways. TD-DFT analysis on selected guanidine-amine O species suggest that the additional visible feature observed is a guanidine π*→ Cu2O2 LMCT, which appears along with the classic oxo-ζu*→Cu(III) and πζ*→ Cu(III) LMCT transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Herres-Pawlis
- Lehrstuhl für Bioanorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Roxana Haase
- Department Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, Universität Paderborn, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Pratik Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Lehrstuhl für Bioanorganische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Peng Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
| | - T Daniel P Stack
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
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39
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Wilfer C, Liebhäuser P, Hoffmann A, Erdmann H, Grossmann O, Runtsch L, Paffenholz E, Schepper R, Dick R, Bauer M, Dürr M, Ivanović-Burmazović I, Herres-Pawlis S. Efficient Biomimetic Hydroxylation Catalysis with a Bis(pyrazolyl)imidazolylmethane Copper Peroxide Complex. Chemistry 2015; 21:17639-49. [PMID: 26458073 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Bis(pyrazolyl)methane ligands are excellent components of model complexes used to investigate the activity of the enzyme tyrosinase. Combining the N donors 3-tert-butylpyrazole and 1-methylimidazole results in a ligand that is capable of stabilising a (μ-η(2) :η(2) )-dicopper(II) core that resembles the active centre of tyrosinase. UV/Vis spectroscopy shows blueshifted UV bands in comparison to other known peroxo complexes, due to donor competition from different ligand substituents. This effect was investigated with the help of theoretical calculations, including DFT and natural transition orbital analysis. The peroxo complex acts as a catalyst capable of hydroxylating a variety of phenols by using oxygen. Catalytic conversion with the non-biological phenolic substrate 8-hydroxyquinoline resulted in remarkable turnover numbers. In stoichiometric reactions, substrate-binding kinetics was observed and the intrinsic hydroxylation constant, kox , was determined for five phenolates. It was found to be the fastest hydroxylation model system determined so far, reaching almost biological activity. Furthermore, Hammett analysis proved the electrophilic character of the reaction. This sheds light on the subtle role of donor strength and its influence on hydroxylation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Wilfer
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München (Germany).,Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany)
| | - Patricia Liebhäuser
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany)
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany)
| | - Hannes Erdmann
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München (Germany)
| | - Oleg Grossmann
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München (Germany)
| | - Leander Runtsch
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München (Germany)
| | - Eva Paffenholz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany)
| | - Rahel Schepper
- Department Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn (Germany)
| | - Regina Dick
- Department Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn (Germany)
| | - Matthias Bauer
- Department Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn (Germany)
| | - Maximilian Dürr
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen (Germany)
| | - Ivana Ivanović-Burmazović
- Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen (Germany)
| | - Sonja Herres-Pawlis
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München (Germany). .,Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany).
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40
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Askari MS, Rodríguez-Solano LA, Proppe A, McAllister B, Lumb JP, Ottenwaelder X. Catalytic aerobic oxidation of phenols to ortho-quinones with air-stable copper precatalysts. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:12094-7. [PMID: 25802218 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00822k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A range of air-stable copper species was examined for catalytic activity in the catalytic aerobic transformation of phenols into ortho-quinones. Efficient catalysis was obtained with commercially available copper(II) acetate. The stability of all constituents before mixing makes for a practical process that advances previously reported copper(I)-based oxygenations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Askari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
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41
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Askari MS, Esguerra KVN, Lumb JP, Ottenwaelder X. A Biomimetic Mechanism for the Copper-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxygenation of 4-tert-Butylphenol. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:8665-72. [PMID: 26302341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Controlling product selectivity during the catalytic aerobic oxidation of phenols remains a significant challenge that hinders reaction development. This work provides a mechanistic picture of a Cu-catalyzed, aerobic functionalization of phenols that is selective for phenoxy-coupled ortho-quinones. We show that the immediate product of the reaction is a Cu(II)-semiquinone radical complex and reveal that ortho-oxygenation precedes oxidative coupling. This complex is the resting state of the Cu catalyst during turnover at room temperature. A mechanistic study of the formation of this complex at low temperatures demonstrates that the oxygenation pathway mimics the dinuclear Cu enzyme tyrosinase by involving a dinuclear side-on peroxodicopper(II) oxidant. Unlike the enzyme, however, the rate-limiting step of the ortho-oxygenation reaction is the self-assembly of the oxidant from Cu(I) and O2. We provide details for all steps in the cycle and demonstrate that turnover is contingent upon proton-transfer events that are mediated by a slight excess of ligand. Finally, our knowledge of the reaction mechanism can be leveraged to diversify the reaction outcome. Thus, uncoupled ortho-quinones are favored in polar, coordinating media, highlighting unusually high levels of chemoselectivity for a catalytic aerobic oxidation of a phenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S Askari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University , Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | | | - Jean-Philip Lumb
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Xavier Ottenwaelder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University , Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
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Serrano-Plana J, Garcia-Bosch I, Company A, Costas M. Structural and reactivity models for copper oxygenases: cooperative effects and novel reactivities. Acc Chem Res 2015. [PMID: 26207342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Dioxygen is widely used in nature as oxidant. Nature itself has served as inspiration to use O2 in chemical synthesis. However, the use of dioxygen as an oxidant is not straightforward. Its triplet ground-state electronic structure makes it unreactive toward most organic substrates. In natural systems, metalloenzymes activate O2 by reducing it to more reactive peroxide (O2(2-)) or superoxide (O2(-)) forms. Over the years, the development of model systems containing transition metals has become a convenient tool for unravelling O2-activation mechanistic aspects and reproducing the oxidative activity of enzymes. Several copper-based systems have been developed within this area. Tyrosinase is a copper-based O2-activating enzyme, whose structure and reactivity have been widely studied, and that serves as a paradigm for O2 activation at a dimetal site. It contains a dicopper center in its active site, and it catalyzes the regioselective ortho-hydroxylation of phenols to catechols and further oxidation to quinones. This represents an important step in melanin biosynthesis and it is mediated by a dicopper(II) side-on peroxo intermediate species. In the present accounts, our research in the field of copper models for oxygen activation is collected. We have developed m-xylyl linked dicopper systems that mimick structural and reactivity aspects of tyrosinase. Synergistic cooperation of the two copper(I) centers results in O2 binding and formation of bis(μ-oxo)dicopper(III) cores. These in turn bind and ortho-hydroxylate phenolates via an electrophilic attack of the oxo ligand over the arene. Interestingly the bis(μ-oxo)dicopper(III) cores can also engage in ortho-hydroxylation-defluorination of deprotonated 2-fluorophenols, substrates that are well-known enzyme inhibitors. Analysis of Cu2O2 species with different binding modes show that only the bis(μ-oxo)dicopper(III) cores can mediate the reaction. Finally, the use of unsymmetric systems for oxygen activation is a field that still remains rather unexplored. We envision that the unsymmetry might infere interesting new reactivities. We contributed to this topic with the development of an unsymmetric ligand (m-XYL(N3N4)), whose dicuprous complex reacts with O2 and forms a trans-peroxo dicopper(II) species that showed a markedly different reactivity compared to a symmetric trans-peroxo dicopper(II) analog. Nucleophilic reactivity is observed for the unsymmetric trans-peroxo dicopper(II) species against electrophilies such as H(+), CO2 and aldehydes, and neither oxygen atom transfer nor hydrogen abstraction is observed when reacting with oxygen atom acceptors (triphenyl phosphine, sulfides) and substrates with weak C-H bonds. Instead, electrophilic monooxygenase-like ortho-hydroxylation reactivity is described for these unsymmetric species upon reaction with phenolates. Finally, by using a second dinucleating unsymmetric ligand (L(N3N4)), we have described copper(I) containing heterodimetallic systems and explored their O2 binding properties. Site specific metalation led to the generation of dimeric heterometallic M'CuO2CuM' species from intermolecular O2 binding at copper sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Serrano-Plana
- Grup
de Química Bioinorgànica, Supramolecular i Catàlisi
(QBIS-CAT), Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi
(IQCC), Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, E17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Isaac Garcia-Bosch
- Grup
de Química Bioinorgànica, Supramolecular i Catàlisi
(QBIS-CAT), Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi
(IQCC), Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, E17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, United States
| | - Anna Company
- Grup
de Química Bioinorgànica, Supramolecular i Catàlisi
(QBIS-CAT), Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi
(IQCC), Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, E17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miquel Costas
- Grup
de Química Bioinorgànica, Supramolecular i Catàlisi
(QBIS-CAT), Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi
(IQCC), Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, E17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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Askari MS, Orio M, Ottenwaelder X. Controlled nitrene transfer from a tyrosinase-like arylnitroso-copper complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:11206-9. [PMID: 26077731 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02806j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction between p-nitrosonitrobenzene and the tetramethylpropylenediamine-copper(i) complex yields a dinuclear complex that is structurally and electronically similar to side-on peroxo species known in Cu/O2 chemistry. The complex reacts with di-tert-butylphenolate via nitrene transfer, as observed through an intermediate and the aminophenol product obtained upon reductive work-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S Askari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
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44
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Becker J, Gupta P, Angersbach F, Tuczek F, Näther C, Holthausen MC, Schindler S. Selective Aromatic Hydroxylation with Dioxygen and Simple Copper Imine Complexes. Chemistry 2015; 21:11735-44. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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45
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D'Souza F, Imahori H. Preface — Special Issue in Honor of Professor Shunichi Fukuzumi. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2015. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424615020010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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46
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Arnold A, Metzinger R, Limberg C. Bioinspired copper(I) complexes that exhibit monooxygenase and catechol dioxygenase activity. Chemistry 2014; 21:1198-207. [PMID: 25395055 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
New tripodal ligand L2 featuring three different pyridyl/imidazolyl-based N-donor units at a bridgehead C atom, from which one of the imidazolyl units is separated by a phenylene linker, was synthesized and investigated with regards to copper(I) complexation. The resulting complex [(L2)Cu]OTf (2(OTf)), the known complex [(L1)Cu]OTf (1(OTf); L1 differs from L2 in that it lacks the phenylene spacer) and [(L3)Cu]OTf (3(OTf)), prepared from a known chiral, tripodal, N-donor ligand featuring pyridyl, pyrazolyl, and imidazolyl donors, were tested as catalysts for the oxidation of sodium 2,4-di-tert-butylphenolate (NaDTBP) with O2. Indeed, they mediated NaDTBP oxidation to give mainly the corresponding catecholate and quinone (Q). None of the complexes 1(OTf), 2(OTf), and 3(OTf) is superior to the others, as yields were comparable and, if the presence of protons is guaranteed by concomitant addition of the phenol DTBP, the oxidation can also be performed catalytically. For all complexes stoichiometric oxidations under certain conditions (concentrated solutions, high NaDTBP content) were found to also generate products typical for metal-mediated intradiol cleavage of the catecholate with O2. As shown representatively for 1(OTf) this dioxygenation sets in at a later stage of the reaction. Initially a copper species responsible for the monooxygenation must form from 1(OTf)/NaDTBP/O2, and only thereafter is the copper species responsible for dioxygenation formed and consumes Q as substrate. Hence, under these circumstances complexes 1(OTf)-3(OTf) show both monooxygenase and catechol dioxygenase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Arnold
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin (Germany), Fax: (+49) 030-2093-6966
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Serrano-Plana J, Garcia-Bosch I, Miyake R, Costas M, Company A. SelectiveOrtho-Hydroxylation-Defluorination of 2-Fluorophenolates with a Bis(μ-oxo)dicopper(III) Species. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201405060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Serrano-Plana J, Garcia-Bosch I, Miyake R, Costas M, Company A. Selective ortho-hydroxylation-defluorination of 2-fluorophenolates with a bis(μ-oxo)dicopper(III) species. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:9608-12. [PMID: 25044926 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201405060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The bis(μ-oxo)dicopper(III) species [Cu(III) 2 (μ-O)2 (m-XYL(MeAN) )](2+) (1) promotes the electrophilic ortho-hydroxylation-defluorination of 2-fluorophenolates to give the corresponding catechols, a reaction that is not accomplishable with a (η(2) :η(2) -O2 )dicopper(II) complex. Isotopic labeling studies show that the incoming oxygen atom originates from the bis(μ-oxo) unit. Ortho-hydroxylation-defluorination occurs selectively in intramolecular competition with other ortho-substituents such as chlorine or bromine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Serrano-Plana
- Grup de Química Bioinorgànica i Supramolecular (QBIS), Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona (Catalonia) (Spain)
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Wang Y, Bauer JO, Strohmann C, Kumar K. A Bioinspired Catalytic Oxygenase Cascade to Generate Complex Oxindoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201403415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Wang Y, Bauer JO, Strohmann C, Kumar K. A Bioinspired Catalytic Oxygenase Cascade to Generate Complex Oxindoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:7514-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201403415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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