1
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Boufflet P, Casey A, Xia Y, Stavrinou PN, Heeney M. Pentafluorobenzene end-group as a versatile handle for para fluoro "click" functionalization of polythiophenes. Chem Sci 2017; 8:2215-2225. [PMID: 28507677 PMCID: PMC5408564 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc04427a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A convenient method of introducing pentafluorobenzene (PFB) as a single end-group in polythiophene derivatives is reported via in situ quenching of the polymerization. We demonstrate that the PFB-group is a particularly useful end-group due to its ability to undergo fast nucleophilic aromatic substitutions. Using this molecular handle, we are able to quantitatively tether a variety of common nucleophiles to the polythiophene backbone. The mild conditions required for the reaction allows sensitive functional moieties, such as biotin or a cross-linkable trimethoxysilane, to be introduced as end-groups. The high yield enabled the formation of a diblock rod-coil polymer from equimolar reactants under transition metal-free conditions at room temperature. We further demonstrate that water soluble polythiophenes end-capped with PFB can be prepared via the hydrolysis of an ester precursor, and that such polymers are amenable to functionalization under aqueous conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Boufflet
- Dept. Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , Exhibition Rd , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - Abby Casey
- Dept. Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , Exhibition Rd , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - Yiren Xia
- Dept. Physics and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , Exhibition Rd , London , SW7 2AZ , UK
- Dept. of Engineering Science , University of Oxford , Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3PJ , UK
| | - Paul N Stavrinou
- Dept. of Engineering Science , University of Oxford , Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3PJ , UK
| | - Martin Heeney
- Dept. Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , Exhibition Rd , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
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2
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Yuan Y, Shu J, Kolman K, Kiersnowski A, Bubeck C, Zhang J, Hansen MR. Multiple Chain Packing and Phase Composition in Regioregular Poly(3-butylthiophene) Films. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jie Shu
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Analysis and Testing Center, Suzhou University, Renai Road 199, 215123 Suzhou, China
| | - Krzysztof Kolman
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Adam Kiersnowski
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Christoph Bubeck
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
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3
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Multiparameter molecular sensor based on a compound containing tetrathiafulvalenium, thiophene and pyridine fragments. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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4
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Hostnik G, Bončina M, Dolce C, Mériguet G, Rollet AL, Cerar J. Influence of counterions on the conformation of conjugated polyelectrolytes: the case of poly(thiophen-3-ylacetic acid). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:25036-25047. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04193k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Binding of large hydrophobic counterions to poly(thiophen-3-ylacetate) provokes the conformational change of this conjugated polyelectrolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Hostnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
- University of Ljubljana
- SI-1000 Ljubljana
- Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Bončina
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
- University of Ljubljana
- SI-1000 Ljubljana
- Slovenia
| | - Caterina Dolce
- Sorbonne Universités
- UPMC Univ Paris 06
- CNRS
- Laboratoire PHENIX
- Paris
| | | | | | - Janez Cerar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
- University of Ljubljana
- SI-1000 Ljubljana
- Slovenia
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5
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Damaceanu MD, Gilsing HD, Schulz B, Arvinte A, Bruma M. An easily functionalizable oligo(oxyethylene)- and ester-substituted poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) derivative exhibiting alkali metal ion response. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08275c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UV-vis spectra of P(ProDOT-EO-ester) in THF in the presence of different cations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Burkhard Schulz
- Institute of Thin Film and Microsensoric Technology
- 14513-Teltow, Germany
| | - Adina Arvinte
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Iasi-700487, Romania
| | - Maria Bruma
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Iasi-700487, Romania
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6
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Yao Z, Huang B, Hu X, Zhang L, Li D, Guo M, Zhang X, Yuan H, Wu HC. Colorimetric detection of copper ions based on a supramolecular complex of water-soluble polythiophene and ATP. Analyst 2013; 138:1649-52. [PMID: 23377260 DOI: 10.1039/c3an00151b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A colorimetric probe for the detection of copper(II) ions in aqueous media by the naked eye has been developed based on a supramolecular complex comprised of a cationic polythiophene derivative and ATP with a detection limit as low as 0.05 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Yao
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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7
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Bai L, Li W, Chen J, Bo F, Gao B, Liu H, Li J, Wu Y, Ba X. Water-Soluble Fluorescent Probes Based on Dendronized Polyfluorenes for Cell Imaging. Macromol Rapid Commun 2013; 34:539-47. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201200722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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8
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Evans RC, Knaapila M, Willis-Fox N, Kraft M, Terry A, Burrows HD, Scherf U. Cationic polythiophene-surfactant self-assembly complexes: phase transitions, optical response, and sensing. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:12348-12356. [PMID: 22839776 DOI: 10.1021/la302166a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The absorption and photoluminescence spectra of the cationic conjugated polyelectrolyte poly[3-(6-trimethylammoniumhexyl)thiophene] (P3TMAHT) were observed to be dramatically altered in the presence of anionic surfactants due to self-assembly through ionic complex formation. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), UV/vis, and photoluminescence spectroscopy were used to probe the relationship between the supramolecular complex organization and the photophysical response of P3TMAHT in the presence of industrially important anionic surfactants. Subtle differences in the surfactant mole fraction and chemical structure (e.g., chain length, headgroup charge density, perfluorination) result in marked variations in the range and type of complexes formed, which can be directly correlated to a unique colorimetric and fluorimetric fingerprint. Our results show that P3TMAHT has potential as an optical sensor for anionic surfactants capable of selectively identifying distinct structural subgroups through dual mode detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C Evans
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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9
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Traina CA, Bakus RC, Bazan GC. Design and synthesis of monofunctionalized, water-soluble conjugated polymers for biosensing and imaging applications. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:12600-7. [PMID: 21751809 DOI: 10.1021/ja202877q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble conjugated polymers with controlled molecular weight characteristics, absence of ionic groups, high emission quantum yields, and end groups capable of selective reactions of wide scope are desirable for improving their performance in various applications and, in particular, fluorescent biosensor schemes. The synthesis of such a structure is described herein. 2-Bromo-7-iodofluorene with octakis(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether chains at the 9,9'-positions, i.e., compound 4, was prepared as the reactive premonomer. A high-yielding synthesis of the organometallic initiator (dppe)Ni(Ph)Br (dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane) was designed and implemented, and the resulting product was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Polymerization of 4 by (dppe)Ni(Ph)Br can be carried out in less than 30 s, affording excellent control over the average molecular weight and polydispersity of the product. Quenching of the polymerization with [2-(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]magnesium bromide yields silylacetylene-terminated water-soluble poly(fluorene) with a photoluminescence quantum efficiency of 80%. Desilylation, followed by copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction, yields a straightforward route to introduce a wide range of specific end group functionalities. Biotin was used as an example. The resulting biotinylated conjugated polymer binds to streptavidin and acts as a light-harvesting chromophore to optically amplify the emission of Alexa Fluor-488 chromophores bound onto the streptavidin. Furthermore, the biotin end group makes it possible to bind the polymer onto streptavidin-functionalized cross-linked agarose beads and thereby incorporate a large number of optically active segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Traina
- Department of Materials and Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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10
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Higgins SJ, Mouffouk F, Brown SJ, Sedghi N, Eccleston B, Reeman S. Functionalized Regioregular Polyalkylthiophenes for Biosensing Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-871-i1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA regioregular copolymer of 3–hexylthiophene and 3–(6–hydroxyhexan–1yl)thiophene has been functionalised with biotin hydrazide; binding of avidin to the biotin moieties causes drastic changes to the absorption spectrum of the polymer in solution, and to the electrochemistry and conductivity of the polymer in thin films.
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11
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Synthesis and characterization of pyrrole and thiophene functional polystyrenes via “click chemistry”. Polym Bull (Berl) 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-010-0412-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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13
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Kub C, Tolosa J, Zucchero AJ, McGrier PL, Subramani C, Khorasani A, Rotello VM, Bunz UHF. Hyperbranched Conjugated Polymers: Postfunctionalization. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma902642a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chris Kub
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Juan Tolosa
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Anthony J. Zucchero
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Psaras L. McGrier
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | | | - Abraham Khorasani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
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14
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Son SK, Choi YS, Lee WH, Hong Y, Kim JR, Shin WS, Moon SJ, Hwang DH, Kang IN. Synthesis and properties of phenothiazylene vinylene-based polymers: New organic semiconductors for field-effect transistors and solar cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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VanVeller B, Swager TM. Biocompatible post-polymerization functionalization of a water soluble poly(p-phenylene ethynylene). Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:5761-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc01456g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Yao Z, Li Y, Li C, Shi G. Disassembly of conjugated polyelectrolyte aggregates and their application for colorimetric detection of surfactants in water. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:8639-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc02678f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Lukovskaya EV, Bobyleva AA, Mizerev AA, Fedorova OA, Fedorov YV, Moiseeva AA, Anisimov AV. A multiparametric sensor for cationic analysis. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024410120149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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Leclerc M, Najari A, Beaupré S. 2008 Macromolecular Science and Engineering Division Award Lecture — Conjugated polymers: From micro-electronics to genomics. CAN J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1139/v09-086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers have received a lot of attention, since they combine the best features of metals or semiconductors with those of synthetic polymers. For instance, solar cells based on poly(2,7-carbazole) derivatives have revealed power-conversion efficiencies up to 6%. This class of materials could lead to printable and flexible photovoltaic devices. Moreover, water-soluble luminescent polythiophenes have allowed the specific, rapid, and ultra-sensitive detection of unlabelled DNA, RNA, or proteins. This new optical detection mechanism is based on electrostatic interactions between a cationic polythiophene derivative and negatively charged oligonucleotides. This method makes now possible the rapid assessment of the identity of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), genes, and pathogens without the need for nucleic acid amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Leclerc
- Canada Research Chair on Electroactive and Photoactive Polymers, Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Ahmed Najari
- Canada Research Chair on Electroactive and Photoactive Polymers, Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Serge Beaupré
- Canada Research Chair on Electroactive and Photoactive Polymers, Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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19
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Fedorova O, Lukovskaya E, Mizerev A, Fedorov Y, Bobylyova A, Maksimov A, Moiseeva A, Anisimov A, Jonusauskas G. Synthesis and multiparameter sensor properties of the crown-containing thiophene derivatives. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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20
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Stefopoulos AA, Chochos CL, Bokias G, Kallitsis JK. The role of intrachain and interchain interactions of regioregular poly(3-octylthiophene) chains on the optical properties of a new amphiphilic conjugated random copolymer in solution. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:11103-11110. [PMID: 18729389 DOI: 10.1021/la801178m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a random copolymer through free radical copolymerization of a properly vinyl monofunctionalized regioregular poly(3-octylthiophene) (rrP3OT) macromonomer and N,N'-dimethylacrylamide (DMAM) is presented. The optical properties of the copolymer in water and in several organic solvents of varying polarity, as well as in THF/water and THF/methanol mixtures, were explored using UV-vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy. It is demonstrated that the rrP3OT chains adopt a coil conformation in solvents such as tetrahydrofuran (THF) and chloroform with the appearance of the absorption and emission maxima at 439 and 565 nm, respectively. On the contrary, the rrP3OT chains are organized on a single chain packing form (intrachain interactions) in polar solvents such as ethanol and methanol, as it is verified with the observation of the characteristic three vibronic features of the absorption spectra of the copolymer with maxima at 513, 550, and 603 nm and emission maxima at 560 nm. However, when water is used as solvent, the rrP3OT chains self-assemble into a stacklike structure due to the increased interchain interactions, as confirmed by the different aggregation process of the rrP3OT chains in the THF/water mixture, the broader absorption spectrum in water compared to those recorded in ethanol and methanol, and the 80 nm red-shifted emission maximum, centered at 640 nm.
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21
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Gong Z, Lagowski JB. Theoretical study of the structures and electronic properties of the dimers of fluorene and carbazole and their derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2008.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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22
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Tang W, Ke L, Chen ZK. Incorporating Perylene Moiety into Poly(phenothiazine-co-bithiophene) Backbone for Higher Charge Transport. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:3590-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jp7098152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Tang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Singapore
| | - Lin Ke
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Singapore
| | - Zhi-Kuan Chen
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Singapore
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23
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Li Y, Zhang W, Chang J, Chen J, Li G, Ju Y. “Click” on Conducting Polymer Coated Electrodes: A Versatile Platform for the Modification of Electrode Surfaces. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200700436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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24
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Brustolin F, Surin M, Lemaur V, Romanazzi G, Sun Q, Cornil J, Lazzaroni R, Sommerdijk NAJM, Leclère P, Meijer EW. The Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Oligothiophenes: Hydrogen Bonding and Poly(glutamate) Complexation. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2007. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.80.1703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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25
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Thomas SW, Joly GD, Swager TM. Chemical Sensors Based on Amplifying Fluorescent Conjugated Polymers. Chem Rev 2007; 107:1339-86. [PMID: 17385926 DOI: 10.1021/cr0501339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2943] [Impact Index Per Article: 173.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel W Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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26
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Tang W, Kietzke T, Vemulamada P, Chen ZK. Synthesis, characterization, and photovoltaic properties of novel conjugated copolymers derived from phenothiazines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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27
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Lanzi M, Bizzarri PC, Paganin L, Cesari G. Highly processable ester-functionalized polythiophenes as valuable multifunctional and post-functionalizable conjugated polymers. Eur Polym J 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2006.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Zheng J, Swager TM. Probing Biological Recognition Using Conjugated Polymers at the Air−Water Interface. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma060420u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Timothy M. Swager
- Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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29
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Ho HA, Béra-Abérem M, Leclerc M. Optical sensors based on hybrid DNA/conjugated polymer complexes. Chemistry 2006; 11:1718-24. [PMID: 15565742 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200400537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Single-stranded DNA (ss-DNA) can specifically bind to various targets, including a complementary ss-DNA, ions, proteins, drugs, and so forth. When binding takes place, the oligonucleotide probe often undergoes a conformational transition. This conformational change of the negatively charged ss-DNA can be detected by using a water-soluble, cationic polythiophene derivative, which transduces the complex formation into an optical (colorimetric or fluorometric) signal without any labeling of the probe or the target. This simple and rapid methodology has enabled the specific and sensitive detection of nucleic acids and human thrombin. This new biophotonic tool can easily be applied to the detection of various other biomolecules and is also useful in the high-throughput screening of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang-Anh Ho
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec G1K 7P4, Canada
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30
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Hou J, Huo L, He C, Yang C, Li Y. Synthesis and Absorption Spectra of Poly(3-(phenylenevinyl)thiophene)s with Conjugated Side Chains. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma051883n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Hou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China, and Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Lijun Huo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China, and Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Chang He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China, and Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Chunhe Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China, and Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China, and Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
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31
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Kim IB, Dunkhorst A, Bunz UHF. Nonspecific interactions of a carboxylate-substituted PPE with proteins. A cautionary tale for biosensor applications. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:7985-9. [PMID: 16089410 DOI: 10.1021/la051152g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Two carboxylate-substituted, fluorescent (Phi = 0.08), water-soluble poly(p-phenyleneethynylene)s (PPE) and a water-soluble model compound were exposed to a series of proteins and bovine serum. While the anionic PPEs do not have any specific binding sites, they form stable complexes with histone, lysozyme, myoglobin, and hemoglobin. The complex formation was evidenced by fluorescence quenching. Bovine serum albumin does not quench the fluorescence of the PPEs but enhances it, probably due to its surfactant character. These results imply that the use of charged conjugated polymers as biosensors, while an attractive proposition, has to take into account strong nonspecific interactions between conjugated polymers and the host of proteins that is found in cells and complex biological fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ik-Bum Kim
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 770 State Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
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Englert BC, Bakbak S, Bunz UHF. Click Chemistry as a Powerful Tool for the Construction of Functional Poly(p-phenyleneethynylene)s: Comparison of Pre- and Postfunctionalization Schemes. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma050484p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian C. Englert
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Selma Bakbak
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
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Belletête M, Bouchard J, Leclerc M, Durocher G. Photophysics and Solvent-Induced Aggregation of 2,7-Carbazole-Based Conjugated Polymers. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma048202t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Belletête
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Qc, Canada H3C 3J7, and Canada Research Chair in Electroactive and Photoactive Polymers, Centre de recherche en sciences et ingénierie des macromolécules, Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Qc, Canada G1K 7P4
| | - Jimmy Bouchard
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Qc, Canada H3C 3J7, and Canada Research Chair in Electroactive and Photoactive Polymers, Centre de recherche en sciences et ingénierie des macromolécules, Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Qc, Canada G1K 7P4
| | - Mario Leclerc
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Qc, Canada H3C 3J7, and Canada Research Chair in Electroactive and Photoactive Polymers, Centre de recherche en sciences et ingénierie des macromolécules, Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Qc, Canada G1K 7P4
| | - Gilles Durocher
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Qc, Canada H3C 3J7, and Canada Research Chair in Electroactive and Photoactive Polymers, Centre de recherche en sciences et ingénierie des macromolécules, Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Qc, Canada G1K 7P4
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Kim IB, Erdogan B, Wilson JN, Bunz UHF. Sugar-Poly(para-phenylene ethynylene) Conjugates as Sensory Materials: Efficient Quenching by Hg2+ and Pb2+ Ions. Chemistry 2004; 10:6247-54. [PMID: 15526311 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200400788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Three polar poly(para-phenylene ethynylene)s (PPE) were synthesized by utilizing the Heck-Sonogashira protocol. Two of the PPEs carry beta-glucopyranose substituents. Depending upon the linker used between the glycol units and the backbone, the fluorescence of these PPEs can be quenched by Hg2+ and Pb2+ to a varying degree. Monomeric model compounds that are substituted with only one glucose unit are not efficiently quenched. The presence of many glucose substituents in one PPE assembly led to a large increase in the binding constant to Hg2+ and quenching of the fluorescence was amplified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ik-Bum Kim
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 770 State Street, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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Amano Y, Cheng Q. Detection of influenza virus: traditional approaches and development of biosensors. Anal Bioanal Chem 2004; 381:156-64. [PMID: 15592819 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-004-2927-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2004] [Revised: 10/20/2004] [Accepted: 10/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Influenza is an acute respiratory disease caused by the influenza virus. The disease occurs annually, causing fatality in the elderly and children and billions of dollars loss in business and productivity. Traditional viral detection methods include MDCK cell culture, complement fixation, hemagglutinin-inhibition, and recently RT-PCR. Although effective, these methods generally involve labor-intensive laboratory procedures and often require trained personnel to carry them out. The development of biosensor technologies will enable rapid and specific disease diagnosis on-site so that a clinician can quickly determine whether treatment is needed. This paper reviews traditional viral assays and progress in the biosensor development for influenza virus. Recent advances in single-step direct detection using non-labeling techniques such as surface plasmon resonance, quartz-crystal microbalance, and colorimetric functional polymers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Amano
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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Abstract
Single-stranded DNA (aptamer) can specifically bind potassium ions or human alpha-thrombin. When binding takes place, the aptamer undergoes a conformational transition from an unfolded to a folded structure. This conformational change of the negatively charged oligonucleotide can be detected by adding a water-soluble, cationic polythiophene derivative, which transduces the new complex formation into an optical (colorimetric or fluorometric) signal without any labeling of the probe or of the target. This simple and rapid methodology has enabled the detection of human thrombin in the femtomole range. This new biophotonic tool can easily be applied to the detection of various other proteins as well as being useful in the high-throughput screening of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang-Anh Ho
- Canada Research Chair in Electroactive and Photoactive Polymers, Centre de recherche en sciences et ingénierie des macromolécules, Département de chimie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada G1K 7P4
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Schäferling M, Bäuerle P. Porphyrin-functionalized oligo- and polythiophenes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1039/b313296j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bouchard J, Belletête M, Durocher G, Leclerc M. Solvatochromic Properties of 2,7-Carbazole-Based Conjugated Polymers. Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma034098o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Bouchard
- Canada Research Chair in Electroactive and Photoactive Polymers, Centre de recherche en sciences et ingénierie des macromolécules, Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada G1K 7P4, and Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Michel Belletête
- Canada Research Chair in Electroactive and Photoactive Polymers, Centre de recherche en sciences et ingénierie des macromolécules, Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada G1K 7P4, and Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Gilles Durocher
- Canada Research Chair in Electroactive and Photoactive Polymers, Centre de recherche en sciences et ingénierie des macromolécules, Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada G1K 7P4, and Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Mario Leclerc
- Canada Research Chair in Electroactive and Photoactive Polymers, Centre de recherche en sciences et ingénierie des macromolécules, Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada G1K 7P4, and Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7
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Garreau S, Leclerc M, Errien N, Louarn G. Planar-to-Nonplanar Conformational Transition in Thermochromic Polythiophenes: A Spectroscopic Study. Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma021358d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chapter 5.1 Five-membered ring systems: Thiophenes & Se, Te analogs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(03)80008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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