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Anabuki T, Ohashi K, Takasuka TE, Matsuura H, Takahashi K. AtTrxh3, a Thioredoxin, Is Identified as an Abscisic AcidBinding Protein in Arabidopsis thaliana. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010161. [PMID: 35011393 PMCID: PMC8746859 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA, 1) is a plant hormone that regulates various plant physiological processes such as seed developing and stress responses. The ABA signaling system has been elucidated; binding of ABA with PYL proteins triggers ABA signaling. We have previously reported a new method to isolate a protein targeted with a bioactive small molecule using a biotin linker with alkyne and amino groups, a protein cross-linker, and a bioactive small molecule with an azido group (azido probe). This method was used to identify the unknown ABA binding protein of Arabidopsis thaliana. As a result, AtTrxh3, a thioredoxin, was isolated as an ABA binding protein. Our developed method can be applied to the identification of binding proteins of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Anabuki
- Division of Fundamental Agriscience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan; (T.A.); (T.E.T.); (H.M.)
| | - Keisuke Ohashi
- Graduate School of Global Food Resources, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0809, Japan;
| | - Taichi E. Takasuka
- Division of Fundamental Agriscience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan; (T.A.); (T.E.T.); (H.M.)
- Graduate School of Global Food Resources, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0809, Japan;
| | - Hideyuki Matsuura
- Division of Fundamental Agriscience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan; (T.A.); (T.E.T.); (H.M.)
| | - Kosaku Takahashi
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 165-8502, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5477-2679
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2
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Diddi N, Lai L, Brookbank BP, Hussain S, Nambara E, Todd C, Nourimand M, Tar'an B, Song D, Holbrook L, Doshi K, Loewen MC, Luna EK, Shipp J, Leach JE, Robinson SJ, Abrams SR. 3'-(Phenyl alkynyl) analogs of abscisic acid: synthesis and biological activity of potent ABA antagonists. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:2978-2985. [PMID: 33729254 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00166c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report here the synthesis and biological testing of 3'-(phenyl alkynyl) abscisic ABA analogs, a new class of potent ABA antagonists. These ABA analogs incorporate a rigid framework of eight carbon atoms attached at the 3'-carbon atom of ABA that prevents folding of the ABA analog-bound receptor required for ABA signalling. The two-step synthesis is based upon the optimized conversion of natural (S)-ABA to 3'-iodo ABA which can be coupled to phenyl acetylenes using Sonogashira conditions, or to styryl compounds through Suzuki chemistry. The parent 3'-(phenyl alkynyl) ABA analog 7 was obtained in 29% yield, 74% yield based on recovered starting material. In a lentil seed germination assay, compound 7 was found to have more potent activity than other known 3'-substituted ABA antagonists to date. In a structure activity study parasubstituted phenyl alkynyl analogs had comparable activity to the analog 7 while the 3'-styryl ABA 18 was only slightly less active. Analog 7 overcame ABA inhibition of germination and seedling growth in a wide range of mono and dicot plant species, including canola, lentil, soybean, rice, wheat, barley, cannabis and canary seed. 3'-(Phenyl alkynyl) ABA analogs have numerous potential practical agricultural applications including promoting ripening of crops, dormancy breaking of seeds and woody perennials, as well as promoting seed germination, and growth under stress conditions as demonstrated in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Diddi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada.
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Hewage KAH, Yang J, Wang D, Hao G, Yang G, Zhu J. Chemical Manipulation of Abscisic Acid Signaling: A New Approach to Abiotic and Biotic Stress Management in Agriculture. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001265. [PMID: 32999840 PMCID: PMC7509701 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is the best-known stress signaling molecule in plants. ABA protects sessile land plants from biotic and abiotic stresses. The conserved pyrabactin resistance/pyrabactin resistance-like/regulatory component of ABA receptors (PYR/PYL/RCAR) perceives ABA and triggers a cascade of signaling events. A thorough knowledge of the sequential steps of ABA signaling will be necessary for the development of chemicals that control plant stress responses. The core components of the ABA signaling pathway have been identified with adequate characterization. The information available concerning ABA biosynthesis, transport, perception, and metabolism has enabled detailed functional studies on how the protective ability of ABA in plants might be modified to increase plant resistance to stress. Some of the significant contributions to chemical manipulation include ABA biosynthesis inhibitors, and ABA receptor agonists and antagonists. Chemical manipulation of key control points in ABA signaling is important for abiotic and biotic stress management in agriculture. However, a comprehensive review of the current knowledge of chemical manipulation of ABA signaling is lacking. Here, a thorough analysis of recent reports on small-molecule modulation of ABA signaling is provided. The challenges and prospects in the chemical manipulation of ABA signaling for the development of ABA-based agrochemicals are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamalani Achala H. Hewage
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and HealthCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Jing‐Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and HealthCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Di Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and HealthCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Ge‐Fei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and HealthCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Guang‐Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and HealthCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin300072P. R. China
| | - Jian‐Kang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biologyand CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai20032P. R. China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape ArchitecturePurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA
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4
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Coaviche-Yoval A, Andrade-Jorge E, Pérez-González C, Luna H, Tovar-Miranda R, Trujillo-Ferrara JG. Quantum Reality in the Selective Reduction of a Benzofuran System. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 24:molecules24112061. [PMID: 31151186 PMCID: PMC6600454 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two 2,3-disubstituted benzofurans (1 and 2), analogs of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), were synthesized to obtain their 2,3-dihydro derivatives from the Pd/C-driven catalytic reduction of the double bond in the furanoid ring. The synthesis produced surprising by-products. Therefore, theoretical calculations of global and local reactivity were performed based on Pearson's hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB) principle to understand the regioselectivity that occurred in the reduction of the olefinic carbons of the compounds. Local electrophilicity (ωk) was the most useful parameter for explaining the selectivity of the polar reactions. This local parameter was defined with the condensed Fukui function and redefined with the electrophilic (Pk+) Parr function. The similar patterns of both resulting sets of values helped to demonstrate the electrophilic behavior (soft acid) of the olefinic carbons in these compounds. The theoretical calculations, nuclear magnetic resonance, and resonance hybrids showed the moieties in each compound that are most susceptible to reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Coaviche-Yoval
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico.
| | - Erik Andrade-Jorge
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico.
- Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - Cuauhtémoc Pérez-González
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico.
| | - Héctor Luna
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico.
| | - Ricardo Tovar-Miranda
- Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Veracruz, Mexico.
| | - José G Trujillo-Ferrara
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico.
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5
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Wan C, Li J, Zhao F, Yang D, Che C, Ding S, Hu Y, Xiao Y, Qin Z. Synthesis and plant growth regulatory activities of 2',3'-PhABA and iso-2',3'-PhABA esters. Mol Divers 2019; 24:119-130. [PMID: 30852722 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-019-09931-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Methyl and phenyl esters of 2',3'-PhABA and iso-2',3'-PhABA were prepared for the biological investigation and development of practical applications. These esters exhibited excellent activity in most plant growth inhibitory assays. And, three esters were more efficient than ABA in stomatal closure. The 2',3'-PhABA analogs and their methyl esters have good stability in hydrolysis assay, and the different lipid solubility and permeability of different esters may be one of the origins of their active selectivity for different plants and physiological processes. Furthermore, in the study of drought tolerance, all four esters had comparable activity to ABA. These results suggest that these esters were potent plant growth regulator (PGR) candidates for anti-drought. The finding that different esters have different selective bioactivity and biophysical properties indicates that these esters not only function as ABA-like PGRs but also have the possibility as potential selective pro-hormone. 2',3'-BenzoABA esters as PGR candidates with prolonged and selective bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Wan
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fenghai Zhao
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dongyan Yang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chuanliang Che
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shanshan Ding
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yimin Hu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yumei Xiao
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaohai Qin
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Uno BE, Deibler KK, Villa C, Raghuraman A, Scheidt KA. Conjugate Additions of Amines to Maleimides via Cooperative Catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brice E. Uno
- Department of Chemistry; Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery; Chemistry of Life Processes Institute; Northwestern University; 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston, IL 60208 USA
| | - Kristine K. Deibler
- Department of Chemistry; Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery; Chemistry of Life Processes Institute; Northwestern University; 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston, IL 60208 USA
| | | | | | - Karl A. Scheidt
- Department of Chemistry; Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery; Chemistry of Life Processes Institute; Northwestern University; 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston, IL 60208 USA
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7
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Tunable and Nontoxic Fluorescent Probes Based on Carbon Dots for Imaging of Indole Propionic Acid Receptor in Plant Tissues in Situ. J Fluoresc 2017; 27:1495-1503. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-017-2089-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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8
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Rajagopalan N, Nelson KM, Douglas AF, Jheengut V, Alarcon IQ, McKenna SA, Surpin M, Loewen MC, Abrams SR. Abscisic Acid Analogues That Act as Universal or Selective Antagonists of Phytohormone Receptors. Biochemistry 2016; 55:5155-64. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ken M. Nelson
- National Research Council of Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 0W9
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5C9
| | - Amy F. Douglas
- National Research Council of Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 0W9
| | - Vishal Jheengut
- National Research Council of Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 0W9
| | - Idralyn Q. Alarcon
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5C9
| | - Sean A. McKenna
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba,144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Marci Surpin
- Valent BioSciences Corporation, 870 Technology Way, Libertyville, Illinois 60048, United States
| | - Michele C. Loewen
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 5A2
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5E5
| | - Suzanne R. Abrams
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5C9
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9
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Abstract
Abscisic acid ((+)-ABA) is a phytohormone involved in the modulation of developmental processes and stress responses in plants. A chemical proteomics approach using an ABA mimetic probe was combined with in vitro assays, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), x-ray crystallography and in silico modelling to identify putative (+)-ABA binding-proteins in crude extracts of Arabidopsis thaliana. Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) was identified as a putative ABA-binding protein. Radiolabelled-binding assays yielded a Kd of 47 nM for (+)-ABA binding to spinach Rubisco, which was validated by ITC, and found to be similar to reported and experimentally derived values for the native ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) substrate. Functionally, (+)-ABA caused only weak inhibition of Rubisco catalytic activity (Ki of 2.1 mM), but more potent inhibition of Rubisco activation (Ki of ~ 130 μM). Comparative structural analysis of Rubisco in the presence of (+)-ABA with RuBP in the active site revealed only a putative low occupancy (+)-ABA binding site on the surface of the large subunit at a location distal from the active site. However, subtle distortions in electron density in the binding pocket and in silico docking support the possibility of a higher affinity (+)-ABA binding site in the RuBP binding pocket. Overall we conclude that (+)-ABA interacts with Rubisco. While the low occupancy (+)-ABA binding site and weak non-competitive inhibition of catalysis may not be relevant, the high affinity site may allow ABA to act as a negative effector of Rubisco activation.
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Takeuchi J, Ohnishi T, Okamoto M, Todoroki Y. Conformationally restricted 3′-modified ABA analogs for controlling ABA receptors. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:4278-88. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02662d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
(+)-PAO4 is a conformationally restricted analog of AS6 that was synthesized to improve the affinity for PYL proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Agriculture
- Shizuoka University
- Shizuoka 422-8529
- Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ohnishi
- Graduate School of Agriculture
- Shizuoka University
- Shizuoka 422-8529
- Japan
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology
| | - Masanori Okamoto
- Arid Land Research Center
- Tottori University
- Tottori 680-0001
- Japan
| | - Yasushi Todoroki
- Graduate School of Agriculture
- Shizuoka University
- Shizuoka 422-8529
- Japan
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology
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11
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Liu FF, Yu Y, Lin BX, Hu XG, Cao YJ, Wu JZ. Visualization of hormone binding proteins in vivo based on Mn-doped CdTe QDs. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 131:9-16. [PMID: 24815196 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Daminozide (B9) is a growth inhibitor with important regulatory roles in plant growth and development. Locating and quantifying B9-binding proteins in plant tissues will assist in investigating the mechanism behind the signal transduction of B9. In this study, red fluorescent Mn-doped CdTe quantum dots (CdTeMn QDs) were synthesized by a high-temperature hydrothermal process. Since CdTeMn QDs possess a maximum fluorescence emission peak at 610nm, their fluorescence properties are more stable than those of CdTe QDs. A B9-CdTeMn probe was synthesized by coupling B9 with CdTeMn QDs. The fluorescence intensity of the probe is double that of CdTeMn QDs; its fluorescence stability is also superior under different ambient conditions. The probe retains the biological activity of B9 and is unaffected by interference from the green fluorescent protein present in plants. Therefore, we used this probe to label B9-binding proteins selectively in root tissue sections of mung bean seedlings. These proteins were observed predominantly on the surfaces of the cell membranes of the cortex and epidermal parenchyma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang fei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ying Yu
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Bi xia Lin
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiao gang Hu
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yu juan Cao
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jian zhong Wu
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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12
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Kharenko OA, Polichuk D, Nelson KM, Abrams SR, Loewen MC. Identification and characterization of interactions between abscisic acid and human heat shock protein 70 family members. J Biochem 2013; 154:383-91. [PMID: 23975754 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvt067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a stress-inducible plant hormone comprising an inevitable component of the human diet. Recently, stress-induced accumulation of autocrine ABA was shown in humans, as well as ABA-mediated modulation of a number of disease-associated systems. Now, the application of a chemical proteomics approach to gain further insight into ABA mechanisms of action in mammalian cells is reported. An ABA mimetic photoaffinity probe was applied to intact mammalian insulinoma and embryonic cells, leading to the identification of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family members, (including GRP78 and HSP70-2) as putative human ABA-binding proteins. In vitro characterization of the ABA-HSP70 interactions yielded K(d)s in the 20-60 µM range, which decreased several fold in the presence of co-chaperone. However, ABA was found to have only variable- and co-chaperone-independent effects on the ATPase activity of these proteins. The potential implications of these ABA-HSP70 interactions are discussed with respect to the intracellular protein folding and extracellular receptor-like activities of these stress-inducible proteins. While mechanistic and functional relevance remain enigmatic, we conclude that ABA can bind to human HSP70 family members with physiologically relevant affinities and in a co-chaperone-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesya A Kharenko
- Plant Biotechnology Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0W9; Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5C9, Canada and Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E5, Canada
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13
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Identification and characterization of interactions between abscisic acid and mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocators. Biochem J 2011; 437:117-23. [PMID: 21473740 DOI: 10.1042/bj20101898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
ABA (abscisic acid) is a plant hormone involved in important processes including development and stress responses. Recent reports have identified a number of plant ABA receptors and transporters, highlighting novel mechanisms of ABA action. In the present paper we describe application of a chemical proteomics approach leading to the identification of mitochondrial ANTs (adenine nucleotide translocators) as ABA-interacting proteins. Initial in vitro studies confirmed inhibition of ANT-dependent ATP translocation by ABA. Further analysis demonstrated ANT-dependent uptake of ABA into both recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana ANT2-containing proteoliposomes and native isolated spinach mitochondria; the latter with a Km of 3.5 μM and a Vmax of 2.5 nmol/min per g of protein. ATP was found to inhibit ANT-dependent ABA translocation. Specificity profiles highlight the possibility of mechanistic differences in translocation of ABA and ATP. Finally, ABA was shown to stimulate ATPase activity in spinach mitochondrial extracts. ABA concentrations in plant cells are estimated to reach the low micromolar range during stress responses, supporting potential physiological relevance of these in vitro findings. Overall, the present in vitro work suggests the possibility of as yet uncharacterized mechanisms of ABA action in planta related to inhibition of mitochondrial ATP translocation and functional localization of ABA in the mitochondrial matrix.
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14
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Kitahata N, Asami T. Chemical biology of abscisic acid. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2011; 124:549-57. [PMID: 21461661 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-011-0415-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 02/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Chemical biology is a discipline that utilizes chemicals to elucidate biological mechanisms and physiological functions. Various abscisic acid (ABA) derivatives have revealed the structural requirement for the perception by ABA receptors while biotin or caged derivatives of ABA have disclosed the localization of several ABA-binding proteins. Recently, selective ABA agonist has been used to identify ABA receptors. Furthermore, ABA biosynthesis and catabolic inhibitors have contributed to the identification of new ABA functions in plant growth and development. The physiological function of ABA in non-plant organisms has gradually been revealed. In this review, we discuss the development of small bioactive chemicals and their significance in ABA research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobutaka Kitahata
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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15
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Scaffidi A, Flematti GR, Nelson DC, Dixon KW, Smith SM, Ghisalberti EL. The synthesis and biological evaluation of labelled karrikinolides for the elucidation of the mode of action of the seed germination stimulant. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Abstract
The enantioselective total synthesis of spirofungins A (1) and B (2) is reported in 14 steps over the longest linear sequence. Key steps include the use of thiazolidinethione-mediated aldol reactions to assemble the major fragments and installation of the C1-C6 side chain using a cross metathesis reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Crimmins
- Kenan and Caudill Laboratories of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.
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17
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Leslie BJ, Hergenrother PJ. Identification of the cellular targets of bioactive small organic molecules using affinity reagents. Chem Soc Rev 2008; 37:1347-60. [PMID: 18568161 DOI: 10.1039/b702942j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The elucidation of molecular targets of bioactive small organic molecules remains a significant challenge in modern biomedical research and drug discovery. This tutorial review summarizes strategies for the derivatization of bioactive small molecules and their use as affinity probes to identify cellular binding partners. Special emphasis is placed on logistical concerns as well as common problems encountered during such target identification experiments. The roadmap provided is a guide through the process of affinity probe selection, target identification, and downstream target validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Leslie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Smith TR, Clark AJ, Napier R, Taylor PC, Thompson AJ, Marsh A. Function and Stability of Abscisic Acid Acyl Hydrazone Conjugates by LC-MS2 of ex Vivo Samples. Bioconjug Chem 2007; 18:1355-9. [PMID: 17567162 DOI: 10.1021/bc070069x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We prepare a biotinylated conjugate of the ubiquitous plant hormone (S)-(+)-abscisic acid via an acyl hydrazone linkage at the C4' position and demonstrate in vivo cleavage of the otherwise stable acyl hydrazone linkage using LC-MS2. As part of a wider chemical genomic study, biological activity of the conjugate was assessed using standard epidermal peel and gravimetric transpiration assays, showing significant activity but at a level lower than the unconjugated hormone. When deuterated samples of the conjugate were fed to the plant, however, it was apparent by LC-MS2 experiments that significant levels of hydrolysis of the acyl hydrazone had taken place, contrary to in vitro stability assays in artificial sap. We conclude that abscisic acid is liberated in sufficient quantities to account for the observed physiological response and that LC-MS2 monitoring of conjugates is a simple and practical method by which such events may be assessed, whether in plants or other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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Rakic B, Clarke J, Tremblay TL, Taylor J, Schreiber K, Nelson KM, Abrams SR, Pezacki JP. A small-molecule probe for hepatitis C virus replication that blocks protein folding. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 13:1051-60. [PMID: 17052609 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2006.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2006] [Revised: 08/08/2006] [Accepted: 08/25/2006] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a growing global health problem. Small molecules that interfere with host-viral interactions can serve as powerful tools for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis and defining new strategies for therapeutic development. Using a cell-based screen involving subgenomic HCV replicons, we identified the ability of 18 different abscisic acid (ABA) analogs, originally developed as plant growth regulators, to inhibit HCV replication. Three of these were further studied. One compound, here named origamicin, showed antiviral activity through the inhibition of host proteins involved in protein folding. Origamicin could therefore be an important tool for studying the maturation of both host and viral proteins. Herein we demonstrate an application for molecular scaffolds based on ABA for mammalian cell targets involved in protein folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojana Rakic
- The Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
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20
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Priest DM, Ambrose SJ, Vaistij FE, Elias L, Higgins GS, Ross ARS, Abrams SR, Bowles DJ. Use of the glucosyltransferase UGT71B6 to disturb abscisic acid homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 46:492-502. [PMID: 16623908 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2006.02701.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A glucosyltransferase (GT) of Arabidopsis, UGT71B6, recognizing the naturally occurring enantiomer of abscisic acid (ABA) in vitro, has been used to disturb ABA homeostasis in planta. Transgenic plants constitutively overexpressing UGT71B6 (71B6-OE) have been analysed for changes in ABA and the related ABA metabolites abscisic acid glucose ester (ABA-GE), phaseic acid (PA), dihydrophaseic acid (DPA), 7'-hydroxyABA and neo-phaseic acid. Overexpression of the GT led to massive accumulation of ABA-GE and reduced levels of the oxidative metabolites PA and DPA, but had marginal effect on levels of free ABA. The control of ABA homeostasis, as reflected in levels of the different metabolites, differed in the 71B6-OEs whether the plants were grown under standard conditions or subjected to wilt stress. The impact of increased glucosylation of ABA on ABA-related phenotypes has also been assessed. Increased glucosylation of ABA led to phenotypic changes in post-germinative growth. The use of two structural analogues of ABA, known to have biological activity but to differ in their capacity to act as substrates for 71B6 in vitro, confirmed that the phenotypic changes arose specifically from the increased glucosylation caused by overexpression of 71B6. The phenotype and profile of ABA and related metabolites in a knockout line of 71B6, relative to wild type, has been assessed during Arabidopsis development and following stress treatments. The lack of major changes in these parameters is discussed in the context of functional redundancy of the multigene family of GTs in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Priest
- CNAP, Department of Biology (Area 8), University of York, York YO10 5YW, UK
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Razem FA, El-Kereamy A, Abrams SR, Hill RD. The RNA-binding protein FCA is an abscisic acid receptor. Nature 2006; 439:290-4. [PMID: 16421562 DOI: 10.1038/nature04373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2005] [Accepted: 10/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates various physiological processes in plants. The molecular mechanisms by which this is achieved are not fully understood. Genetic approaches have characterized several downstream components of ABA signalling, but a receptor for ABA has remained elusive. Although studies indicate that several ABA response genes encode RNA-binding or RNA-processing proteins, none has been found to be functional in binding ABA. Here we show that FCA, an RNA-binding protein involved in flowering, binds ABA with high affinity in an interaction that is stereospecific and follows receptor kinetics. The interaction between FCA and ABA has molecular effects on downstream events in the autonomous floral pathway and, consequently, on the ability of the plant to undergo transition to flowering. We further show that ABA binding exerts a direct control on the FCA-mediated processing of precursor messenger RNA. Our results indicate that FCA is an ABA receptor involved in RNA metabolism and in controlling flowering time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawzi A Razem
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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22
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Smith TR, Clark AJ, Clarkson GJ, Taylor PC, Marsh A. Concise enantioselective synthesis of abscisic acid and a new analogue. Org Biomol Chem 2006; 4:4186-92. [PMID: 17312975 DOI: 10.1039/b611880a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Short and high-yielding syntheses of enantiomerically pure (S)-(+) and (R)-(-)-abscisic acid are described. The syntheses proceed through key intermediates that preferentially recrystallise as single diastereoisomers for each enantiomer. This route allows the preparation of either enantiomer of abscisic acid in ca. 30% overall yield, and as demonstrated, gives access to an enantiomerically pure abscisic acid analogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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Nyangulu JM, Nelson KM, Rose PA, Gai Y, Loewen M, Lougheed B, Quail JW, Cutler AJ, Abrams SR. Synthesis and biological activity of tetralone abscisic acid analogues. Org Biomol Chem 2006; 4:1400-12. [PMID: 16557330 DOI: 10.1039/b509193d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bicyclic analogues of the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) were designed to incorporate the structural elements and functional groups of the parent molecule that are required for biological activity. The resulting tetralone analogues were predicted to have enhanced biological activity in plants, in part because oxidized products would not cyclize to forms corresponding to the inactive catabolite phaseic acid. The tetralone analogues were synthesized in seven steps from 1-tetralone and a range of analogues were accessible through a second route starting with 2-methyl-1-naphthol. Tetralone ABA 8 was found to have greater activity than ABA in two bioassays. The absolute configuration of (+)-8 was established by X-ray crystallography of a RAMP hydrazone derivative. The hydroxymethyl compounds 10 and 11, analogues for studying the roles of 8- and 9-hydroxy ABA 3 and 6, were also synthesized and found to be active.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Nyangulu
- Plant Biotechnology Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 0W9
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