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Patil PS, Ingole GS, Gupta PO, Sekar N. Novel emissive styryl dyes from 9-methoxy anthracene: Synthesis, photophysical, thermal stability, viscosity, and DFT study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2025; 324:124952. [PMID: 39137708 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Novel styryl colorants based on anchoring methoxy with anthracene as a donor linked with various active methylene acceptor groups to derive a conjugated π-system along with push-pull geometry were synthesized and well characterized. Photophysical properties were studied in different polarity solvents. The impact of solvent polarizability is delivered in redshifts in absorption and emission spectra, in addition to enhancing the quantum yield. The benzoxazole and benzimidazole moieties in 4c and 4d demonstrated heat stability of more than 300 °C. Fluorescent intensity is directly proportional to the viscosity and 4a demonstrates a notable viscosity sensor through 1.36 fold increase in intensity. In comparison to other styryl dyes, 4c and 4d were shown to have higher values in DMSO for polarizability (53.3496 × 10-24 esu and 53.7459 × 10-24 esu) and first-order hyperpolarizability (86.3467 × 10-30 esu and 89.1941 × 10-30 esu) as well as second-order hyperpolarizability (1768.9121 × 10-36 esu and 1740.6940 × 10-36 esu) due to presence of heterocyclic character. NLO properties of all the styryl dyes 4a-4e are within the fundamental boundary limits. The 4d (benzoxazole) dye exhibited a small HOMO-LUMO energy gap of 2.8825 eV, whereas the 4b and 4e dyes had a larger band gap due to the presence of a carbonyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praful S Patil
- Department of Dyestuff Technology (Currently named as Department of Speciality Chemicals Technology), Institute of Chemical Technology, N. P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gauri S Ingole
- Department of Dyestuff Technology (Currently named as Department of Speciality Chemicals Technology), Institute of Chemical Technology, N. P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India
| | - Puja O Gupta
- Department of Dyestuff Technology (Currently named as Department of Speciality Chemicals Technology), Institute of Chemical Technology, N. P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nagaiyan Sekar
- Department of Dyestuff Technology (Currently named as Department of Speciality Chemicals Technology), Institute of Chemical Technology, N. P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India.
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Pant D, Sitha S. Enhanced molecular first hyperpolarizabilities with Reichardt's type of zwitterions: a computational study on roles of various monocyclic aromatic bridges. J Mol Model 2024; 30:284. [PMID: 39060804 PMCID: PMC11282158 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-06055-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT This work reports structure-property correlations of 27 zwitterions Reichardt's types of zwitterions. Focuses are twofold, to see the (1) impacts of metamerism with Reichardt's vs Brooker's types of zwitterions and (2) impacts of monocyclic aromatic rings as bridges. All the molecules considered here have pyridinium (common acceptor: A) and p-phenylene-dicyanomethanide (common donor: D). Fundamental molecular properties like dipole moments (μ), polarizabilities (α), hyperpolarizabilities (β), and adiabatic absorptions were computed only for the Reichardt types and compared with the literature reported respective Brooker's types of zwitterions. As an impact of metamerism, in general 2-3 times enhanced hyperpolarizabilities (β) were observed for Reichardt's compared to Brooker's types. Exceptions were observed with some triazine bridges and furan bridge, where Brooker's types were found to be more efficient. As impacts of aromatic bridges, in general, 6-sevenfold enhanced β compared to well-known traditional bridges and enhanced β were observed compared to D-A directly connected zwitterion (benzene bridge: sixfold enhanced β). Current findings show that the aromatic bridge control with Reichardt's types of zwitterions is more efficient and thus may be employed as an effective strategy for the designing of functional molecular chromophores for various other fundamental areas. METHODS All computations were performed with Gaussian 09. Geometry optimizations and computations of fundamental properties were carried out with HF, B3LYP, CAM-B3LYP, and ωB97xD methodologies, with 6-31G(d,p) and aug-cc-pVDZ basis sets. For adiabatic excitations, computations were carried out using TDDFT and TDHF approaches. For the computations of the response properties (like the nonlinear optical responses), CPHF approach was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Pant
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Auckland Park Kingsway (APK) Campus, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sanyasi Sitha
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Auckland Park Kingsway (APK) Campus, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Hou N, Yan Y, Liu TT. Design of High-Performance Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Nonlinear Optical Materials Using Superhalogen Al 13 and Dianhydrides. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:3108-3118. [PMID: 38607792 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Novel inorganic-organic hybrid complexes Al13-X (X represents the dianhydrides PMDA, NTCDA, and PTCDA) are theoretically designed and studied using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT. These conjugated dianhydrides containing four acceptor carbonyl groups are commonly used as electron acceptor materials. These compounds possess large binding energies, reflecting the sufficient binding of Al13 to the dianhydride molecule. The binding nature of the complexes is of charge transfer type, i.e., electrons are transferred from the aluminum cluster to the dianhydride. All of the aimed complexes have large mean polarizability (α0) and first hyperpolarizability (β0). The β0 values are explained on the basis of electronic transitions in crucial excited states using the TD-DFT method. Additionally, the hole-electron distribution was analyzed, revealing the nature of electronic excitation. Absorption spectra analysis shows that these complexes have an excellent infrared (IR) transparent region (1000-5000 nm). Therefore, these inorganic-organic hybrid complexes with high stability can be considered as potential candidates for new IR nonlinear optical molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Hou
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030032, China
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Li B, Xiao T, Gu FL, Jiang J, Jia C. Torsion Angles between Donor and Acceptor Moieties as a Descriptor for Designing Nonlinear Optics and Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:7274-7283. [PMID: 37607398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The performances of nonlinear optics (NLO) and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials are strongly related to the torsion angles (θ) between donor (D) and acceptor (A) moieties in D-A architecture molecules. However, the underlying relationships connecting θ to the performances of NLO/TADF materials remain unclear. Herein, we present a comprehensive theoretical study on NLO/TADF materials composed of a series of D-A backbone molecules (TPAAP/TPAAQ series and AQ-DMAC/AQ-MeFAC series) to shed light on these relationships. It is found that changing θ via the intramolecular locking strategy can greatly influence values of the first hyperpolarizability (β) and singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔEST), further leading to better/worse performances of NLO/TADF materials, respectively. Intriguingly, a more detailed analysis indicates that the variation trends between θ and β/ΔEST are changeable in low θ regions, exhibiting volcano-like relationships. The large coefficients of determination (R2, ranging from 0.76 to 0.93) suggest that this experimentally measurable parameter (θ) can be used as a promising descriptor to evaluate the performances of related materials. Following the revealed θ-β/θ-ΔEST correlations, the optimal/worst torsion angles for different materials are identified. These findings highlight the importance of the intrinsic structure-performance relationships, thus providing novel design strategies for high-performance NLO/TADF materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, P. R. China
| | - Tiejun Xiao
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, P. R. China
| | - Feng Long Gu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Chuanyi Jia
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, P. R. China
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Abstract
Micro-/nanorobots (MNRs) can be autonomously propelled on demand in complex biological environments and thus may bring revolutionary changes to biomedicines. Fluorescence has been widely used in real-time imaging, chemo-/biosensing, and photo-(chemo-) therapy. The integration of MNRs with fluorescence generates fluorescent MNRs with unique advantages of optical trackability, on-the-fly environmental sensitivity, and targeting chemo-/photon-induced cytotoxicity. This review provides an up-to-date overview of fluorescent MNRs. After the highlighted elucidation about MNRs of various propulsion mechanisms and the introductory information on fluorescence with emphasis on the fluorescent mechanisms and materials, we systematically illustrate the design and preparation strategies to integrate MNRs with fluorescent substances and their biomedical applications in imaging-guided drug delivery, intelligent on-the-fly sensing and photo-(chemo-) therapy. In the end, we summarize the main challenges and provide an outlook on the future directions of fluorescent MNRs. This work is expected to attract and inspire researchers from different communities to advance the creation and practical application of fluorescent MNRs on a broad horizon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xia Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Fangzhi Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jianguo Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
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Ma C, Gong L, Lv J, Wang L, Jiang B. Theoretical Study on Photophysical Properties of Twisted D-A interaction TPA-BSM derivatives. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Elder DL, Dalton LR. Organic Electro-Optics and Optical Rectification: From Mesoscale to Nanoscale Hybrid Devices and Chip-Scale Integration of Electronics and Photonics. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Delwin L. Elder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Larry R. Dalton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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Pariat T, Stoerkler T, Diguet C, Laurent AD, Jacquemin D, Ulrich G, Massue J. Dual Solution-/Solid-State Emissive Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer (ESIPT) Dyes: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Approach. J Org Chem 2021; 86:17606-17619. [PMID: 34846147 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) dyes typically show strong solid-state emission, but faint fluorescence intensity is observed in the solution state owing to detrimental molecular motions. This article investigates the influence of direct (hetero)arylation on the optical properties of 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole ESIPT emitters. The synthesis of two series of ESIPT emitters bearing substituted neutral or charged aryl, thiophene, or pyridine rings is reported herein along with full photophysical studies in solution and solid states, demonstrating the dual solution-/solid-state emission behavior. Depending on the nature of substitution, several excited-state dynamics are observed: quantitative or partially frustrated ESIPT process or deprotonation of the excited species. Protonation studies revealed that pyridine substitution triggered a strong increase of quantum yield in the solution state for the protonated species owing to favorable quinoidal stabilization. These attractive features led to the development of a second series of dyes with alkyl or aryl pyridinium moieties showing strong tunable solution/solid fluorescence intensity. For each series, ab initio calculations helped rationalize and ascertain their behavior in the excited state and the nature of the emission observed by the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Pariat
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), Equipe Chimie Organique pour la Biologie, les Matériaux et l'Optique (COMBO), UMR CNRS 7515, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM), Université de Strasbourg, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Timothée Stoerkler
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), Equipe Chimie Organique pour la Biologie, les Matériaux et l'Optique (COMBO), UMR CNRS 7515, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM), Université de Strasbourg, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Clément Diguet
- Laboratoire CEISAM UMR UN-CNRS 6230, Université de Nantes, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Adèle D Laurent
- Laboratoire CEISAM UMR UN-CNRS 6230, Université de Nantes, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Laboratoire CEISAM UMR UN-CNRS 6230, Université de Nantes, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Gilles Ulrich
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), Equipe Chimie Organique pour la Biologie, les Matériaux et l'Optique (COMBO), UMR CNRS 7515, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM), Université de Strasbourg, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Julien Massue
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES), Equipe Chimie Organique pour la Biologie, les Matériaux et l'Optique (COMBO), UMR CNRS 7515, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM), Université de Strasbourg, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
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Hou N, Feng R, Fang X. Effective Enhancement of the Second‐Order Nonlinear Optical Responses of Graphynes by Introducing π‐Conjugated Chains with Donor/Acceptor Groups. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Hou
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education School of Chemical and Material Science Shanxi Normal University Linfen 041004 China
| | - Ran Feng
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education School of Chemical and Material Science Shanxi Normal University Linfen 041004 China
| | - Xiao‐Hui Fang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education School of Chemical and Material Science Shanxi Normal University Linfen 041004 China
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Okude S, Koizumi K, Sakamoto Y, Hatakeyama M, Wakabayashi M, Yokojima S, Nishimura R, Hattori Y, Uchida K, Nakamura S. Spontaneous Combustion of 2-Bromo-3-Methoxythiophene: A Study on Reaction Pathways and Energetics by Quantum Chemical Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:5615-5625. [PMID: 34137622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c01569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reaction pathways and energetics for the dimerization and trimerization reactions of 2-bromo-3-methoxythiophene (2Br-3Met) molecules are investigated using hybrid density functional theory (DFT) calculations to obtain insight into the oligomerization reaction observed in the spontaneous combustion of pure liquid 2Br-3Met. The calculations show that the carbon-bromine bond in a 2Br-3Met molecule elongates easily, and the trans addition of this C-Br bond to a double bond in the neighboring 2Br-3Met molecule occurs easily at room temperature, reflecting the evaluated activation energy of ΔHa = 12.46 kcal/mol (enthalpy) or ΔGa = 35.68 kcal/mol (Gibbs free energy, 298.150 K and 1 atm). The formation process of trimers is calculated in a similar way. A model for the explanation of spontaneous combustion is proposed; large oligomers of the 2Br-3Met molecule are produced spontaneously following the initial formation of dimers or trimers. UV-vis spectra and vibration spectra are obtained for related molecular species, which show reasonable agreement with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin'ichiro Okude
- Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, Nakamura Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kenichi Koizumi
- Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, Nakamura Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yuki Sakamoto
- Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, Nakamura Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Makoto Hatakeyama
- Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, Nakamura Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Wakabayashi
- Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, Nakamura Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yokojima
- Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, Nakamura Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Ryo Nishimura
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University, Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan
| | - Yohei Hattori
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University, Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan
| | - Kingo Uchida
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University, Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakamura
- Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, Nakamura Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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11
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Abstract
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE), usually referring to the phenomenon in which molecules emit more strongly in the aggregate state than in the solution state, is intriguing and promising in various optoelectronic and biosensing applications. In this Perspective, the basic principles that can lead to AIE and experimental evidence to reveal the AIE mechanism of tetraphenyl ethylene (TPE)-type molecules are discussed. AIE is the consequence of two factors: (1) the fast energy dissipation by crossing a conical intersection (CI) in solutions but not in solids results in low luminescence efficiencies in the solutions, and (2) the weak intermolecular coupling and thus slow intermolecular energy/charge transfers in the AIE solids effectively prevent quenching and result in relatively high luminescence efficiencies. The key to AIE is that the luminescence efficiency is tuned by controlling molecules to cross or not to cross a CI by changing the phase of molecules. How fast a molecule can cross a CI is dependent on the energy barrier of isomerization, which can be tuned in many ways, including mechanical or electrical stimuli, in addition to changing phases. Barrier-dependent crossing CI also results in a very important consequence: excitation-wavelength-dependent fluorescence yield within one electronic excited state, an anti-Vavilov's rule phenomenon. In principle, there can be an alternative way to tune luminescence efficiency by manipulating the formation of CIs instead of crossing or not crossing them. This approach relies on the fact that the electronic ground state and the excited state have many different properties, e.g., dipole moment. By tuning the environment, e.g., dielectric constant, to favor or disfavor one state, one may be able to lift or lower the potential surface of one state so that the potential surfaces of two states can vary between intersected and not contacted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Guan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chengzhen Shen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jie Peng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Junrong Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Geng K, Xie Q, Zhao Y, Yang L, Song Y, Hou H. Unlocking the Remarkable Influence of Intramolecular Group Rotation for Third-order Nonlinear Optical Properties. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:981-987. [PMID: 33751826 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This work exposes for the first time the remarkable influence of intramolecular group rotation on third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) performance. In order to prove the role of group rotation, we designed and synthesized two photo-response compounds tetramethyl 5,5'-(((diazene-1,2-diylbis(4,1-phenylene))bis(oxy))bis(methylene))diisophthalate (1) and 5,5'-(((diazene-1,2-diylbis(4,1-phenylene))bis(oxy))bis(methylene))diisophthalic acid (2) and investigated their NLO performance under different substituent (benzyloxy group) rotation states. 1 and 2 have dynamic benzyloxy group rotation in dilute solution and shows reverse saturated absorption (RSA). When the benzyloxy group rotation of 1 and 2 was restricted by PMMA, their NLO performance not only converted into saturated absorption (SA) and NLO refraction behaviours, but also hardly changed after isomerization. Interestingly, we also restricted the benzyloxy group rotation in solution to a certain extent through photo-induced trans→cis isomerization, and found that the NLO performances of cis isomers of 1 and 2 exhibit SA and positive refraction and are similar to those of 1-PMMA and 2-PMMA. This work provides a new exploratory method for studying the influencing factors of third-order NLO performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangshuai Geng
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Xie
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Linpo Yang
- Department of Applied Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Yinglin Song
- Department of Applied Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Hou
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
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Xu BW, Niu RJ, Liu Q, Yang JY, Zhang WH, Young DJ. Similarities and differences between Mn(II) and Zn(II) coordination polymers supported by porphyrin-based ligands: synthesis, structures and nonlinear optical properties. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:12622-12631. [PMID: 32870218 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02450c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Four coordination polymers (CPs) Mn-TMPP (1), Zn-TMPP (2), Mn-THPP (3), and Zn-THPP (4) have been synthesized and characterized (H2TMPP = meso-tetrakis (6-methylpyridin-3-yl) porphyrin; H2THPP = meso-tetrakis (6-(hydroxymethyl) pyridin-3-yl) porphyrin). The one-dimensional (1D) chain compound 1 is formed via a head-to-tail connection of the Mn-TMPP unit, wherein the central Mn2+ features a square pyramidal geometry coordinated by four N atoms from the porphyrin skeleton and one additional N atom from an adjacent Mn-TMPP unit. Compound 2 features an octahedral Zn2+ center associated with four N atoms from the porphyrin skeleton to define the equatorial plane and two additional N donors at the axial positions to give a two-dimensional (2D) CP. The 1D chain of 1 and the 2D layer of 2 possess distinctive molecular structures but nearly identical molecular arrangements in their unit cells viewed along all three crystallographic axes. By contrast, Mn- and Zn-based CPs 3 and 4 supported by the THPP ligand share both identical molecular connectivities and crystal packing. In 3/4, each Mn/Zn center is chelated by four N donors of the porphyrin interior to define the equatorial plane of an octahedron, whose axial sites are occupied by two alcoholic OH groups from a pair of trans-located pyridinemethanol moieties. The third-order nonlinear optical properties of 1-4 investigated using the Z-scan technique at 532 nm revealed reverse saturable absorption and self-focusing effects for all four CPs, with hyperpolarizability values (γ) in the range 1.42 × 10-28 esu to 7.64 × 10-28 esu. These high γ values are comparable to the best porphyrin-based molecular assemblies, demonstrating potential for these materials in optical limiting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Wei Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Ru-Jie Niu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Quan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
| | - Jun-Yi Yang
- College of Physics, Optoelectronics, and Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Wen-Hua Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - David J Young
- College of Engineering, Information Technology & Environment, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory 0909, Australia
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Gao FW, Liang QC, Xu HL. Straight Z and twisted E isomers from triphenylamine derivatives: Intramolecular charge transfer and second-order nonlinear optical response. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Di Carlo G, Pizzotti M, Righetto S, Forni A, Tessore F. Electric-Field-Induced Second Harmonic Generation Nonlinear Optic Response of A 4 β-Pyrrolic-Substituted Zn II Porphyrins: When Cubic Contributions Cannot Be Neglected. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:7561-7570. [PMID: 32412749 PMCID: PMC8007098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we have prepared a series of A4 ZnII porphyrins, carrying in the β-pyrrolic-position one or two π-delocalized ethynylphenyl moieties with a -NO2 acceptor or a -NMe2 donor pendant, and measured their second-order NLO response in CHCl3 solution at 1907 nm via the electric-field-induced second harmonic generation (EFISH) technique. For some of these compounds, we have recorded an unexpected sign and/or absolute value of μβ1907. Since their sterically hindered A4 structure should ensure the lack of significant aggregation processes in solution, we explain such anomalous EFISH results by invoking a non-negligible contribution of the electronic cubic term γ(-2ω; ω, ω, 0) to γEFISH, as supported by a qualitative evaluation of the third-order response through the measure of the cubic hyperpolarizability (γTHG) and by computational evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Di Carlo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, INSTM Research Unit, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Maddalena Pizzotti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, INSTM Research Unit, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefania Righetto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, INSTM Research Unit, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Forni
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "G. Natta" (SCITEC), Via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Tessore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, INSTM Research Unit, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
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16
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Baroudi B, Argoub K, Hadji D, Benkouider A, Toubal K, Yahiaoui A, Djafri A. Synthesis and DFT calculations of linear and nonlinear optical responses of novel 2-thioxo-3-N,(4-methylphenyl) thiazolidine-4 one. J Sulphur Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2020.1736073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Baroudi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Macromolecular and Materials, University Mustapha Stambouli of Mascara, Mascara, Algeria
| | - K. Argoub
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Macromolecular and Materials, University Mustapha Stambouli of Mascara, Mascara, Algeria
| | - D. Hadji
- Department of Chemistry, Modeling and Calculation Methods Laboratory, University Dr Moulay Tahar of Saida, Saida, Algeria
| | - A.M. Benkouider
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Macromolecular and Materials, University Mustapha Stambouli of Mascara, Mascara, Algeria
| | - K. Toubal
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Applied Organic Synthesis, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria
| | - A. Yahiaoui
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Macromolecular and Materials, University Mustapha Stambouli of Mascara, Mascara, Algeria
| | - A. Djafri
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Applied Organic Synthesis, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria
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17
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Krantz KE, Weisflog SL, Yang W, Dickie DA, Frey NC, Webster CE, Gilliard RJ. Extremely twisted and bent pyrene-fused N-heterocyclic germylenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:14954-14957. [PMID: 31774075 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08703f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The first examples of pyrene-fused Janus-type N-heterocyclic germylenes (NHGe) are reported. Remarkably, the pyrene linker and the germanium containing rings are extremely twisted, with "twist angles" up to 64°. Coordination of a Lewis base modifies the twisting of pyrene to an overall bent core (141° bend angle).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsie E Krantz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Rd, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
| | - Sarah L Weisflog
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Rd, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
| | - Wenlong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Rd, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
| | - Diane A Dickie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Rd, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
| | - Nathan C Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Box 9573, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
| | - Charles Edwin Webster
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Box 9573, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
| | - Robert J Gilliard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Rd, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
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18
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Lou AJT, Marks TJ. A Twist on Nonlinear Optics: Understanding the Unique Response of π-Twisted Chromophores. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:1428-1438. [PMID: 31038918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Materials with large nonlinear optical (NLO) response have the ability to manipulate the frequency and phase of incident light and exhibit phenomena that form the basis of modern telecommunication systems. In molecule-based materials, the second- and third-order NLO performance is related to the hyperpolarizability (β) and second hyperpolarizability (γ) of the constituent molecules. The search for higher β materials is driven by the desire to keep pace with expanding demand for high speed data transmission, while discovery of high γ chromophores is crucial for the development of emergent photonic technologies reliant on manipulation of "light-with-light". For decades, it was believed that for highest performance, organic NLO materials must be composed of planar π-system chromophores, and much exploratory research focused on subtle molecular modifications, which generally yielded incremental increases in μβ, where μ is the molecular dipole moment. The surprising recent discovery that twisted π-system chromophores can exhibit dramatically higher β values than their planar analogues has revealed a new design paradigm and stimulated the development of high performance twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) chromophores, which are composed of electron-donating and electron-accepting π-substituents joined by a sterically constrained twisted biaryl fragment. In such chromophores, the twisting of the π-system enforces charge separation in the electronic ground state, leading to large dipole moments and low-lying charge-transfer excitations. This unique electronic structure forms the basis for enhanced NLO response, with an archetypal TICT chromophore, TMC-2, exhibiting very large second- ( μβ = 24 000 × 10-48 esu) and third-order (γ = 1.4 × 10-33 esu) metrics in dilute low-polarity solutions. This Account summarizes several approaches to enhance μβ in various environments, including (1) manipulating the biaryl torsional angle, (2) modifying the electron accepting fragment, (3) extending conjugation, (4) adding multiple twisted fragments, (5) modifying chromophore side chains, and (6) tuning the chromophore environment. Another set of modifications is explored to enhance γ, including (1) coupling to a cyanine dye to hybridize the cyanine and TICT orbitals, (2) manipulating the donor and acceptor group identity. The extensive modifications described above yield a detailed understanding of TICT chromophore molecular NLO response and unambiguous evidence that such chromophores have the potential to revolutionize organic electro-optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J.-T. Lou
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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19
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Jadhav SD, Ramasami P, Sekar N. Substituent effects on linear and nonlinear optical properties of fluorescent (E)-2-(4-halophenyl)-7-arlstyrylimidazo[1,2-A]pyridine: spectroscopic and computational methods. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2018-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Effects of alkylamino and bromo substituents on imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines containing donor-π-acceptor type groups were comprehensively investigated for their linear and nonlinear optical properties by solvatochromic and DFT (CAM-B3LYP and BHandHLYP) methods. The difference between the ground and excited dipole moments as well as their ratios obtained by solvatochromic analysis indicate that the excited state is more polar than the ground state for both the bromo and diethyl amino derivative. More than twofold enhancement in the excited state dipole moments was observed as revealed by the difference and ratio of dipole moment upon the introduction of alkylamino donor group and these suggest large intramolecular charge transfer in the dyes. Stabilization energy above 20 kJ/mol was observed for large number of electron donor–acceptor interactions in Natural Bonding Orbital (NBO) analysis. Bond length alternation (BLA) and Bond order alternation (BOA) values tend to zero suggesting a high degree of polarization in the dyes. Enhancement in mean polarizability (α0), first hyperpolarizability (β0) and second static hyperpolarizabilities (
$\bar \gamma$) were observed by the introduction of alkylamino and bromo group in place of chloro in spite of the fact that Hammett constant of chloro and bromo are the same. The dyes have fundamental and intrinsic properties within the Hamiltonian limits. The two-photon absorption cross section value (≈100 GM) is comparable with LDS-698, a commercial TPA dye. This investigation is important for understanding the electronic structure of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine with active functional groups and extending the potential for optical applications.
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20
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Dekhtyar M, Rettig W, Rothe A, Kurdyukov V, Tolmachev A. Variation of Donor and Acceptor Strength in Analogues of Brooker’s Merocyanine and Generalization to Various Classes of Charge Transfer Compounds. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:2694-2708. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b10660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Dekhtyar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Murmanskaya str. 5, Kiev, 02094, Ukraine
| | - W. Rettig
- Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt University of Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Rothe
- Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt University of Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - V. Kurdyukov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Murmanskaya str. 5, Kiev, 02094, Ukraine
| | - A. Tolmachev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Murmanskaya str. 5, Kiev, 02094, Ukraine
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21
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Hou N, Wu Y, Wu H. The Influence of Alkali metals Interaction with Al/P-Substituted BN Nanosheets on Their Electronic and Nonlinear Optical Properties: A DFT Theoretical Study. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Hou
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials Ministry of Education; Shanxi Normal University; Linfen 041004 China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Shanxi Normal University; Linfen 041004 China
- Department of Chemistry; Modern College of Humanities and Science of Shanxi Normal University; Linfen 041000 China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials Ministry of Education; Shanxi Normal University; Linfen 041004 China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Shanxi Normal University; Linfen 041004 China
| | - Haishun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials Ministry of Education; Shanxi Normal University; Linfen 041004 China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Shanxi Normal University; Linfen 041004 China
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22
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Rigamonti L, Forni A, Righetto S, Pasini A. Push–pull unsymmetrical substitution in nickel(ii) complexes with tetradentate N2O2 Schiff base ligands: synthesis, structures and linear–nonlinear optical studies. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:11217-11234. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01216h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Push–pull unsymmetrical substitution efficiently modulates the electronic, linear and nonlinear optical properties of nickel(ii) complexes with salen-type ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rigamonti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia
- 41125 Modena
- Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica
| | - Alessandra Forni
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISTM-CNR)
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica
| | - Stefania Righetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Alessandro Pasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
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23
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Vandana T, Karuppusamy A, Arulkumar R, Venuvanalingam P, Kannan P. Resemblances of experiment and theory on aryl substituted luminogenic polypyrazolines. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01221d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Polyarylpyrazolines (PPB, PPA, PPT, PPBt) containing various aryl substituents emit light in a broad color range from orange to blue, making them suitable for optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Vandana
- Department of Chemistry
- Anna University
- Chennai
- India
| | | | - R. Arulkumar
- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Laboratory
- School of Chemistry
- Bharathidasan University
- Tiruchirappalli 620 024
- India
| | - P. Venuvanalingam
- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Laboratory
- School of Chemistry
- Bharathidasan University
- Tiruchirappalli 620 024
- India
| | - P. Kannan
- Department of Chemistry
- Anna University
- Chennai
- India
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24
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Jadhav SD, Alswaidan IA, Rhyman L, Ramasami P, Sekar N. Effect of methoxy group on NLOphoric properties of fluorescent 7-arylstyryl-2-methoxyphenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine - Solvatochromic and computational method. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Janjua MRSA. Structural Properties and Nonlinear Optical Responses of Halogenated Compounds: A DFT Investigation on Molecular Modelling. OPEN CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2018-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractComputational chemistry is used to evaluate structures of different compounds by using principles of theoretical and quantum chemistry integrated into useful computer programs. It is used to determine energies, dipole moments and thermodynamic properties of different compounds. The present work reports the computational study of six donor-acceptor dyes. The computational method CAM-B3LYP with 6-31G(d,p) was used in this research to determine the effect of halogens on non-linear optical compounds. HOMO-LUMO energy gaps, dipole polarizabilities, first hyperpolarizabilities, and absorption spectra of six studied compounds (dye 1: 4-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethynyl)benzenamine; dye 2: 4-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethynyl)benzenamine; dye 3: 4-(2-(4-bromophenyl)ethynyl)benzenamine; dye 4: 5-(2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethynyl)benzene-1,2,3-triamine; dye 5: 5-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethynyl)benzene-1,2,3-triamine; dye 6: 5-(2-(4-bromophenyl)ethynyl)benzene-1,2,3-triamine) with aniline and halo phenyl segments were computed by using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). Results indicate that all dyes showed wavelengths of maximum absorbance in the visible region. Small HOMO-LUMO energy gaps were observed in all investigated dyes. The present calculations on these dyes (1-6) offer an understanding of the direction of charge transfer (CT) and how NLO behavior can be explained. The aniline-to-halo phenyl CT, caused by the combination of the donor amino group and the acceptor halo group, could be a reason for NLO behavior of these sorts of compounds. These compounds exhibit significant molecular second-order NLO responses, especially dyes (6) and (5), with second-order polarizability determined to be approximately 4600 a.u.
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26
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Lou AJT, Righetto S, Cariati E, Marks TJ. Organic Salts Suppress Aggregation and Enhance the Hyperpolarizability of a π-Twisted Chromophore. Chemistry 2018; 24:15801-15805. [PMID: 30161274 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Twisted intramolecular charge-transfer (TICT) chromophores exhibit extraordinary hyperpolarizabilities, β, and are therefore promising for electro-optic technologies. Nevertheless, centrosymmetric aggregate formation severely diminishes β in concentrated solutions or in polymer matrices. Herein, the remarkable effects of organic salts on the linear and nonlinear optical response of a high β benzimidazolium-based TICT chromophore, B2TMC-2, are reported. Addition of Bu4 P+ Br- to B2TMC-2 solution in CHCl3 induces a halochromic blueshift, primarily reflecting interactions between Bu4 P+ Br- and the B2TMC-2 cationic portion. DC electric-field induced second-harmonic generation (EFISH) measurements on B2TMC-2+Bu4 P+ Br- solution reveal a large μβ=-22,160×10-48 esu, unprecedented for any chromophore with such a broad optical transparency window. Moreover, Bu4 P+ Br- is shown to suppress B2TMC-2 aggregation, thereby preserving high μβ in concentrated solutions. This phenomenon should be applicable to many other NLO chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J-T Lou
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston IL, 60208, USA
| | - Stefania Righetto
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano and INSTM RU, via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Cariati
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano and INSTM RU, via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston IL, 60208, USA
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27
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Abstract
This short review outlines the main results obtained by our research group over the last 15 years in the field of porphyrins and metal porphyrins for second order nonlinear optics (NLO). This overview aims to provide a general framework of the key factors which affect the second order NLO response of porphyrin chromophores. The pivotal role of the porphyrin ring as π-conjugated linker, the nature of the metal center, the substitution pattern which features the geometrical arrangement of donor and acceptor substituents in the different classes of porphyrin NLO-phores, as well as the aggregation phenomena and the role of solvents are addressed in detail.
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28
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Lou AJT, Righetto S, Barger C, Zuccaccia C, Cariati E, Macchioni A, Marks TJ. Unprecedented Large Hyperpolarizability of Twisted Chromophores in Polar Media. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:8746-8755. [PMID: 29909629 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b04320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) chromophores exhibit uniquely large second-order optical nonlinearities ( μβ). However, their promise as electro-optic (E-O) materials is yet untapped, reflecting a strong tendency to aggregate in low-polarity media, leading to a dramatic fall in μβ. Until now, TICT chromophores in deaggregating polar solvents suffered decreased response due to polarity-driven changes in electronic structure. Here we report a new series of benzimidazolium-based TICT chromophores with interaryl torsional angles in the range of 64-77°. The most twisted, B2TMC-2, exhibits a large μβvec = -26,000 × 10-48 esu (at 1907 nm) in dilute nonpolar CH2Cl2 solution, which is maintained in polar DMF ( μβvec= -20,370 × 10-48 esu) as measured by DC electric field-induced second harmonic generation (EFISH). Sterically enforced interaryl torsional angles are confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and solution phase Nuclear Overhauser Effect (NOE) NMR, and spectroscopic characterization reveals a zwitterionic/aromatic ground state electronic structure associated with the high μβ. We show that increasingly disrupted conjugation is correlated with increased μβ even at intermediate twist angles. The excellent performance and reduced aggregation in polar solvents opens new avenues for bridging microscopic and macroscopic chromophore performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J-T Lou
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Stefania Righetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica dell'Università di Milano and Unità di Ricerca dell'INSTM di Milano , Via Golgi 19 , I-20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Christopher Barger
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Cristiano Zuccaccia
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie and CIRCC , Università degli Studi di Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto , 8 I-06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Elena Cariati
- Dipartimento di Chimica dell'Università di Milano and Unità di Ricerca dell'INSTM di Milano , Via Golgi 19 , I-20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Alceo Macchioni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie and CIRCC , Università degli Studi di Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto , 8 I-06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
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29
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Hirao Y, Nagamachi N, Hosoi K, Kubo T. Polarity-Dependent Isomerization of an Unsymmetrical Overcrowded Ethylene Promoted by Zwitterionic Contribution in the Twisted Isomer. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:510-514. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201701805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasukazu Hirao
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama; Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nagamachi
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama; Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Katsuma Hosoi
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama; Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Takashi Kubo
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama; Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
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30
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Hao ZM, Chao MY, Liu Y, Song YL, Yang JY, Ding L, Zhang WH, Lang JP. Evaluating the component contribution to nonlinear optical performances using stable [Ni4O4] cuboidal clusters as models. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:8865-8869. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02080a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cuboidal [Ni4O4]-based clusters are systematically studied with the purpose of evaluating the component contribution to the overall nonlinear optical performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Min Hao
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Meng-Yao Chao
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Ying-Lin Song
- College of Physics
- Optoelectronics
- and Energy
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215006
| | - Jun-Yi Yang
- College of Physics
- Optoelectronics
- and Energy
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215006
| | - Lifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry
- Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Wen-Hua Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Jian-Ping Lang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
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31
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Jayatilaka D, Jha KK, Munshi P. Is it Reasonable to Obtain Information on the Polarizability and Hyperpolarizability Only from the Electron Density? Aust J Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/ch17624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Formulae for the static electronic polarizability and hyperpolarizability are derived in terms of moments of the ground-state electron density matrix by applying the Unsöld approximation and a generalization of the Fermi-Amaldi approximation. The latter formula for the hyperpolarizability appears to be new. The formulae manifestly transform correctly under rotations, and they are observed to be essentially cumulant expressions. Consequently, they are additive over different regions. The properties of the formula are discussed in relation to others that have been proposed in order to clarify inconsistencies. The formulae are then tested against coupled-perturbed Hartree-Fock results for a set of 40 donor-π-acceptor systems. For the polarizability, the correlation is reasonable; therefore, electron density matrix moments from theory or experiment may be used to predict polarizabilities. By constrast, the results for the hyperpolarizabilities are poor, not even within one or two orders of magnitude. The formula for the two- and three-particle density matrices obtained as a side result in this work may be interesting for density functional theories.
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32
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Katariya SB, Patil D, Rhyman L, Alswaidan IA, Ramasami P, Sekar N. Triphenylamine-based fluorescent NLO phores with ICT characteristics: Solvatochromic and theoretical study. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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33
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A comparative theoretical study on the electrical and nonlinear optical properties of Li atom adsorbed on AlN and BN single-walled nanotubes. J Mol Model 2017; 23:286. [PMID: 28942475 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3460-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The geometrical structures, electrical properties, and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of AlNNT-Li and BNNT-Li nanotube systems were investigated by means of the density functional theory (DFT) method. Frontier molecular orbitals and density of states analyses show that adsorption of the Li atom can significantly narrow the wide HOMO-LUMO gaps of pure AlNNT and BNNT. The results reveal that AlNNT-Li and BNNT-Li systems containing diffuse excess electrons can be regarded as inorganic electrides. The formation of diffuse excess electrons leads to a decrease in transition energies, thereby increasing the first hyperpolarizabilities (β 0) of AlNNT-Li and BNNT-Li. This work may contribute to the development of potential high-performance NLO materials. Graphical abstract The structural characteristics and nonlinear optical properties of the AlNNT-Li and BNNT-Li systems were studied by means of density functional theory. Introduction of Li atoms greatly enhances the static first hyperpolarizabilities of AlNNT-Li and BNNT-Li.
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Al-Yasari A, Van Steerteghem N, Kearns H, El Moll H, Faulds K, Wright JA, Brunschwig BS, Clays K, Fielden J. Organoimido-Polyoxometalate Nonlinear Optical Chromophores: A Structural, Spectroscopic, and Computational Study. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:10181-10194. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Yasari
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
- College
of Pharmacy, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
| | - Nick Van Steerteghem
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hayleigh Kearns
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, United Kingdom
| | - Hani El Moll
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Faulds
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph A. Wright
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Bruce S. Brunschwig
- Beckman
Institute, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Blvd., MC 139-74, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Koen Clays
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - John Fielden
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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35
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Synthesis, spectroscopic studies, DFT calculations, electrochemical evaluation, BSA binding and molecular docking of an aroylhydrazone -based cis-dioxido Mo(VI) complex. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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36
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An Interesting Behavior and Nonlinear Optical (NLO) Response of Hexamolybdate Metal Cluster: Theoretical Insight into Electro-Optic Modulation of Hybrid Composites. J CLUST SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-017-1255-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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37
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Janjua MRSA. First theoretical framework of di-substituted donor moieties of triphenylamine and carbazole for NLO properties: quantum paradigms of interactive molecular computation. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2017.1332413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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38
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Coumarin-Pyrazole Hybrid with Red Shifted ESIPT Emission and AIE Characteristics - a Comprehensive Study. J Fluoresc 2017; 27:1687-1707. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-017-2106-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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39
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Orbelli Biroli A, Tessore F, Righetto S, Forni A, Macchioni A, Rocchigiani L, Pizzotti M, Di Carlo G. Intriguing Influence of -COOH-Driven Intermolecular Aggregation and Acid-Base Interactions with N,N-Dimethylformamide on the Second-Order Nonlinear-Optical Response of 5,15 Push-Pull Diarylzinc(II) Porphyrinates. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:6438-6450. [PMID: 28475347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of 5,15 push-pull meso-diarylzinc(II) porphyrinates, carrying one or two -COOH or -COOCH3 acceptor groups and a -OCH3 or a -N(CH3)2 donor group, show in N,N-dimethylformamide and CHCl3 solutions a negative and solvent-dependent second-order nonlinear-optical (NLO) response measured by the electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation (EFISH) technique, different from the structurally related zinc(II) porphyrinate carrying a -N(CH3)2 donor group and a -NO2 acceptor group, where a still solvent-dependent but positive EFISH second-order response was previously reported. Moreover, when a -N(CH3)2 donor group and a -COOH acceptor group are part of a sterically hindered 2,12 push-pull β-pyrrolic-substituted tetraarylzinc(II) porphyrinate, the EFISH response is positive and solvent-independent. In order to rationalize these rather intriguing series of observations, EFISH measurements have been integrated by electronic absorption and IR spectroscopic investigations and by density functional theory (DFT) and coupled-perturbed DFT theoretical and 1H pulsed-gradient spin-echo NMR investigations, which prompt that the significant concentration effects and the strong influence of the solvent nature on the NLO response are originated by a complex whole of different aggregation processes induced by the -COOH group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Orbelli Biroli
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM), SmartMatLab Centre, via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Tessore
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Unità di Ricerca dell'INSTM, Università degli Studi di Milano , via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefania Righetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Unità di Ricerca dell'INSTM, Università degli Studi di Milano , via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Forni
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM), SmartMatLab Centre, via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alceo Macchioni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie and CIRCC, Università degli Studi di Perugia , via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Luca Rocchigiani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie and CIRCC, Università degli Studi di Perugia , via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy.,School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Maddalena Pizzotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Unità di Ricerca dell'INSTM, Università degli Studi di Milano , via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Gabriele Di Carlo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Unità di Ricerca dell'INSTM, Università degli Studi di Milano , via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
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40
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Katariya S, Rhyman L, Alswaidan IA, Ramasami P, Sekar N. Triphenylamine-Based Fluorescent Styryl Dyes: DFT, TD-DFT and Non-Linear Optical Property Study. J Fluoresc 2017; 27:993-1007. [PMID: 28144800 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-017-2034-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The electronic structures and spectroscopic properties of triphenylamine-based monostyryl and bis(styryl) dyes were studied using quantum chemical methods. The ground-state geometries of these dyes were optimized using the density functional theory (DFT) method. The lowest singlet excited state was optimized using time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). The absorption was also calculated using the ground-state geometries. All the calculations were carried out in the gas phase and in solvent. The results indicate that the absorption maxima calculated using the TD-DFT are in good agreement with those obtained experimentally. These dyes possess a large second-order non-linear property and this is mainly due to the strong donor-π-acceptor conjugation which is attributed to the excited state intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). There is a relationship between the hardness and first hyperpolarizability and second hyperpolarizability of mono- and bis(styryl) dyes. The efficiency of the intersystem crossing process can be improved by reducing the energy gap between the singlet and triplet excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Katariya
- Department of Dyestuff Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N. P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, MH, 400019, India
| | - Lydia Rhyman
- Computational Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, 80837, Mauritius
| | - Ibrahim A Alswaidan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ponnadurai Ramasami
- Computational Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, 80837, Mauritius. .,Department of Chemistry, College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, P.O. Box 392, Pretoria, 0003, South Africa.
| | - Nagaiyan Sekar
- Department of Dyestuff Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N. P. Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, MH, 400019, India.
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41
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Fedunov RG, Plotnikova AV, Ivanov AI, Vauthey E. Simulations of the Ultrafast Transient Absorption Dynamics of a Donor–Acceptor Biaryl in Solution. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:471-481. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b11581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman G. Fedunov
- Volgograd State University, University
Avenue 100, Volgograd 400062, Russia
| | | | - Anatoly I. Ivanov
- Volgograd State University, University
Avenue 100, Volgograd 400062, Russia
| | - Eric Vauthey
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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42
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Nayak A, Park J, De Mey K, Hu X, Duncan TV, Beratan DN, Clays K, Therien MJ. Large Hyperpolarizabilities at Telecommunication-Relevant Wavelengths in Donor-Acceptor-Donor Nonlinear Optical Chromophores. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2016; 2:954-966. [PMID: 28058285 PMCID: PMC5200929 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.6b00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Octopolar D2-symmetric chromophores, based on the MPZnM supermolecular motif in which (porphinato)zinc(II) (PZn) and ruthenium(II) polypyridyl (M) structural units are connected via ethyne linkages, were synthesized. These structures take advantage of electron-rich meso-arylporphyrin or electron-poor meso-(perfluoroalkyl)porphyrin macrocycles, unsubstituted terpyridyl and 4'-pyrrolidinyl-2,2';6',2″-terpyridyl ligands, and modulation of metal(II) polypyridyl-to-(porphinato)zinc connectivity, to probe how electronic and geometric factors impact the measured hyperpolarizability. Transient absorption spectra obtained at early time delays (tdelay < 400 fs) demonstrate fast excited-state relaxation, and formation of a highly polarized T1 excited state; the T1 states of these chromophores display expansive, intense T1 → T n absorption manifolds that dominate the 800-1200 nm region of the NIR, long (μs) triplet-state lifetimes, and unusually large NIR excited absorptive extinction coefficients [ε(T1 → T n ) ∼ 105 M-1 cm-1]. Dynamic hyperpolarizability (βλ) values were determined from hyper-Rayleigh light scattering (HRS) measurements, carried out at multiple incident irradiation wavelengths spanning the 800-1500 nm spectral domain. The measured βHRS value (4600 ± 1200 × 10-30 esu) for one of these complexes, RuPZnRu, is the largest yet reported for any chromophore at a 1500 nm irradiation wavelength, highlighting that appropriate engineering of strong electronic coupling between multiple charge-transfer oscillators provides a critical design strategy to realize octopolar NLO chromophores exhibiting large βHRS values at telecom-relevant wavelengths. Generalized Thomas-Kuhn sum (TKS) rules were utilized to compute the effective excited-state-to-excited-state transition dipole moments from experimental linear-absorption spectra; these data were then utilized to compute hyperpolarizabilities as a function of frequency, that include two- and three-state contributions for both β zzz and β xzx tensor components to the RuPZnRu hyperpolarizability spectrum. This analysis predicts that the β zzz and β xzx tensor contributions to the RuPZnRu hyperpolarizability spectrum maximize near 1550 nm, in agreement with experimental data. The TKS analysis suggests that relative to analogous dipolar chromophores, octopolar supermolecules will be likely characterized by more intricate dependences of the measured hyperpolarizability upon irradiation wavelength due to the interactions among multiple different β tensor components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Animesh Nayak
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, French Family Science Center, 124
Science Drive, Durham, North
Carolina 27708-0346, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Jaehong Park
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, French Family Science Center, 124
Science Drive, Durham, North
Carolina 27708-0346, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Kurt De Mey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xiangqian Hu
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, French Family Science Center, 124
Science Drive, Durham, North
Carolina 27708-0346, United States
| | - Timothy V. Duncan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - David N. Beratan
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, French Family Science Center, 124
Science Drive, Durham, North
Carolina 27708-0346, United States
- Department
of Biochemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
- Department
of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346, United States
| | - Koen Clays
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michael J. Therien
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, French Family Science Center, 124
Science Drive, Durham, North
Carolina 27708-0346, United States
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43
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Muhammad S, Nakano M, Al-Sehemi AG, Kitagawa Y, Irfan A, Chaudhry AR, Kishi R, Ito S, Yoneda K, Fukuda K. Role of a singlet diradical character in carbon nanomaterials: a novel hot spot for efficient nonlinear optical materials. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:17998-18020. [PMID: 27722408 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr06097h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbon atoms have the potential to produce a variety of fascinating all-carbon structures with amazing electronic and mechanical properties. Over the last few decades, several efforts have been made using experimental and computational techniques to functionalize graphene, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes for potential use in modern hi-tech electronic, medicinal, optical and nonlinear optical (NLO) applications. Since photons replaced electrons as a carrier of information, the field of NLO material design has drawn immense interest in contemporary materials science. There have been several reports of bridging the gap between the exciting fields of carbon nanomaterials and NLO materials by functionalizing carbon nanomaterials for potential NLO applications. In contrast to previous reports of the design of third-order NLO materials using conventional closed-shell materials, a novel strategy using open-shell diradical molecular systems has recently been proposed. Quantum chemically, diradical character is explained in terms of the instability of the chemical bonds in open-shell molecular systems. Interestingly, several carbon nanomaterials, which naturally possess open-shell singlet configurations, have recently gained momentum in the design of these classes of open-shell NLO materials with excellent NLO properties, stability and diversity. The present review establishes a systematic sequence of different studies (spanning over two decades of intense research efforts), starting from the simplest theoretical two-site diradical model, continuing to its experimental and theoretical realization in actual chemical systems, and finally applying the abovementioned model/rule to novel carbon nanomaterials to tune their NLO properties, particularly their second hyperpolarizability (γ). In the present report, we highlight several recent efforts to functionalize carbon nanomaterials by exploiting their open-shell diradical character to achieve efficient third-order NLO properties. Several issues and opportunities are discussed, including the inherited disadvantages of both experimental (the high reactivity and short life of diradical compounds) and quantum (need for multi-reference methodology) techniques when dealing with carbon nanomaterials. A comparative analysis of several quantum chemical investigations, along with contemporary experimental results, will be performed to emphasize the core issues and opportunities related to carbon nanomaterials with singlet open-shell diradical character. Thus, the present review will highlight carbon nanomaterials with diradical/biradical character for their prospective applications in the NLO field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabbir Muhammad
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia and Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Masayoshi Nakano
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan. and Center for Spintronics Research Network (CSRN), Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Abdullah G Al-Sehemi
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia. and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasutaka Kitagawa
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan. and Center for Spintronics Research Network (CSRN), Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Ahmad Irfan
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia. and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aijaz R Chaudhry
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia and Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ryohei Kishi
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
| | - Soichi Ito
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
| | - Kyohei Yoneda
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Nara College, 22 Yata-cho, Yamatokoriyama, Nara, Japan
| | - Kotaro Fukuda
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
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44
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Capobianco A, Borrelli R, Landi A, Velardo A, Peluso A. Absorption Band Shapes of a Push–Pull Dye Approaching the Cyanine Limit: A Challenging Case for First Principle Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:5581-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b05220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amedeo Capobianco
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via G. Paolo
II, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Raffaele Borrelli
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Alessandro Landi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via G. Paolo
II, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Amalia Velardo
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via G. Paolo
II, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Andrea Peluso
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via G. Paolo
II, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
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45
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Teran NB, He GS, Baev A, Shi Y, Swihart MT, Prasad PN, Marks TJ, Reynolds JR. Twisted Thiophene-Based Chromophores with Enhanced Intramolecular Charge Transfer for Cooperative Amplification of Third-Order Optical Nonlinearity. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:6975-84. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha B. Teran
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering,
and Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | | | | | - Yanrong Shi
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | | | | | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - John R. Reynolds
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering,
and Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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46
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Lanke SK, Sekar N. Coumarin Push-Pull NLOphores with Red Emission: Solvatochromic and Theoretical Approach. J Fluoresc 2016; 26:949-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-016-1783-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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47
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Misra R, Chakraborty P, Roy SC, Maity DK, Bhattacharyya SP. Tailoring of spectral response and intramolecular charge transfer in β-enaminones through band gap tuning: synthesis, spectroscopy and quantum chemical studies. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00376a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the synthetic tailoring of the spectral response and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) of β-enaminones through bandgap modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramprasad Misra
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Pushkin Chakraborty
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Subhas C. Roy
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - D. K. Maity
- Theoretical Chemistry Section
- Chemistry Group
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai 400085
- India
| | - S. P. Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076
- India
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48
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Janjua MRSA, Yamani ZH, Jamil S, Mahmood A, Ahmad I, Haroon M, Tahir MH, Yang Z, Pan S. First Principle Study of Electronic and Non-Linear Optical (NLO) Properties of Triphenylamine Dyes: Interactive Design Computation of New NLO Compounds. Aust J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/ch15402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory are used to determine how the size of π-conjugated system influences the absorption spectra and non-linear optical (NLO) properties of dyes. Double and triple bonds, as well the benzene rings, are used in conjugated systems. The results of the theoretical computation show that the absorption spectra are gradually broadened and red-shifted with increases in the conjugation length. Theoretical examination of the NLO properties was performed on the key parameters of polarizability and hyperpolarizability. A notable increase in the non-linear optical response was observed with an increase in the conjugation length of the π-spacer.
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49
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Al-Yasari A, Van Steerteghem N, El Moll H, Clays K, Fielden J. Donor–acceptor organo-imido polyoxometalates: high transparency, high activity redox-active NLO chromophores. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:2818-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00115g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Organoimido polyoxometalates are a powerful new class of acceptor for non-linear optics. As a basis for donor–acceptor systems, they offer an excellent transparency/non-linearity trade-off and break through empirical performance limits for comparable organic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Yasari
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich
- UK
- College of Pharmacy
| | | | - Hani El Moll
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich
- UK
| | - Koen Clays
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Leuven
- B-3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - John Fielden
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich
- UK
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50
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Ay E, Hobeika N, Chaumeil H, Tschamber T, Jin M, Versace DL, Malval JP. Rotamerism-driven large magnitude host–guest binding change in a crown ether derivatized pyridinium-phenolate series. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:4652-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc00684a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A large magnitude host–guest binding change driven by transducting rotamerism effects is demonstrated within a crown ether modified pyridinium-phenolate series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Ay
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Bioorganique
- Université de Haute Alsace
- ENSCMu
- Mulhouse
- France
| | - Nelly Hobeika
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse CNRS-UMR 7361
- Université de Haute Alsace
- Mulhouse
- France
| | - Hélène Chaumeil
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Bioorganique
- Université de Haute Alsace
- ENSCMu
- Mulhouse
- France
| | - Théophile Tschamber
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Bioorganique
- Université de Haute Alsace
- ENSCMu
- Mulhouse
- France
| | - Ming Jin
- School of Materials & Engineering
- Tongji University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Davy-Louis Versace
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est CNRS-UMR 7182
- Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne
- Thiais
- France
| | - Jean-Pierre Malval
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse CNRS-UMR 7361
- Université de Haute Alsace
- Mulhouse
- France
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