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Melesi S, Marabotti P, Milani A, Pigulski B, Gulia N, Pińkowski P, Szafert S, Del Zoppo M, Castiglioni C, Casari CS. Impact of Halogen Termination and Chain Length on π-Electron Conjugation and Vibrational Properties of Halogen-Terminated Polyynes. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:2703-2716. [PMID: 38507898 PMCID: PMC11017249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c07915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
We explored the optoelectronic and vibrational properties of a new class of halogen-terminated carbon atomic wires in the form of polyynes using UV-vis, infrared absorption, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray single-crystal diffraction, and DFT calculations. These polyynes terminate on one side with a cyanophenyl group and on the other side, with a halogen atom X (X = Cl, Br, I). We focus on the effect of different halogen terminations and increasing lengths (i.e., 4, 6, and 8 sp-carbon atoms) on the π-electron conjugation and the electronic structure of these systems. The variation in the sp-carbon chain length is more effective in tuning these features than changing the halogen end group, which instead leads to a variety of solid-state architectures. Shifts between the vibrational frequencies of samples in crystalline powders and in solution reflect intermolecular interactions. In particular, the presence of head-to-tail dimers in the crystals is responsible for the modulation of the charge density associated with the π-electron system, and this phenomenon is particularly important when strong I··· N halogen bonds occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Melesi
- Department
of Energy, Micro and Nanostructured Materials Laboratory - NanoLab,
Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Pietro Marabotti
- Department
of Energy, Micro and Nanostructured Materials Laboratory - NanoLab,
Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, Milano 20133, Italy
- Institut
für Physik and IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt
Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alberto Milani
- Department
of Energy, Micro and Nanostructured Materials Laboratory - NanoLab,
Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Bartłomiej Pigulski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, Wrocław 50-383, Poland
| | - Nurbey Gulia
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, Wrocław 50-383, Poland
| | - Piotr Pińkowski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, Wrocław 50-383, Poland
| | - Sławomir Szafert
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, Wrocław 50-383, Poland
| | - Mirella Del Zoppo
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Chiara Castiglioni
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Carlo S. Casari
- Department
of Energy, Micro and Nanostructured Materials Laboratory - NanoLab,
Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, Milano 20133, Italy
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2
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Yang Y, Bai X, Hu F. Photoswitchable polyynes for multiplexed stimulated Raman scattering microscopy with reversible light control. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2578. [PMID: 38519503 PMCID: PMC10959996 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46904-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Optical imaging with photo-controllable probes has greatly advanced biological research. With superb chemical specificity of vibrational spectroscopy, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy is particularly promising for super-multiplexed optical imaging with rich chemical information. Functional SRS imaging in response to light has been recently demonstrated, but multiplexed SRS imaging with reversible photocontrol remains unaccomplished. Here, we create a multiplexing palette of photoswitchable polyynes with 16 Raman frequencies by coupling asymmetric diarylethene with super-multiplexed Carbow (Carbow-switch). Through optimization of both electronic and vibrational spectroscopy, Carbow-switch displays excellent photoswitching properties under visible light control and SRS response with large frequency change and signal enhancement. Reversible and spatial-selective multiplexed SRS imaging of different organelles are demonstrated in living cells. We further achieve photo-selective time-lapse imaging of organelle dynamics during oxidative stress and protein phase separation. The development of Carbow-switch for photoswitchable SRS microscopy will open up new avenues to study complex interactions and dynamics in living cells with high spatiotemporal precision and multiplexing capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueli Yang
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyang Bai
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Fanghao Hu
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
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3
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Arora A, Baksi SD, Weisbach N, Amini H, Bhuvanesh N, Gladysz JA. Monodisperse Molecular Models for the sp Carbon Allotrope Carbyne; Syntheses, Structures, and Properties of Diplatinum Polyynediyl Complexes with PtC20Pt to PtC52Pt Linkages. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:2225-2240. [PMID: 38161378 PMCID: PMC10755852 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c01090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Extended conjugated polyynes provide models for the elusive sp carbon polymer carbyne, but progress has been hampered by numerous synthetic challenges. Stabilities appear to be enhanced by bulky, electropositive transition-metal endgroups. Reactions of trans-(C6F5)(p-tol3P)2Pt(C≡C)nSiEt3 (n = 4-6, PtCxSi (x = 2n)) with n-Bu4N+F-/Me3SiCl followed by excess tetrayne H(C≡C)4SiEt3 (HC8Si) and then CuCl/TMEDA and O2 give the heterocoupling products PtCx+8Si, PtCx+16Si, and sometimes higher homologues. The PtCx+16Si species presumably arise via protodesilylation of PtCx+8Si under the reaction conditions. Chromatography allows the separation of PtC16Si, PtC24Si, and PtC32Si (from n = 4), PtC18Si and PtC26Si (n = 5), or PtC20Si and PtC28Si (n = 6). These and previously reported species are applied in similar oxidative homocouplings, affording the family of diplatinum polyynediyl complexes PtCxPt (x = 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40 in 96-34% yields and x = 44, 48, 52 in 22-7% yields). These are carefully characterized by 13C NMR, UV-visible, and Raman spectroscopy and other techniques, with particular attention to behavior as the Cx chain approaches the macromolecular limit and endgroup effects diminish. The crystal structures of solvates of PtC20Pt, PtC24Pt, and PtC26Si, which feature the longest sp chains structurally characterized to date, are analyzed in detail. All data support a polyyne electronic structure with a nonzero optical band gap and bond length alternation for carbyne.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nancy Weisbach
- Department of Chemistry, Texas
A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United
States
| | - Hashem Amini
- Department of Chemistry, Texas
A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United
States
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas
A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United
States
| | - John A. Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas
A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United
States
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4
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Liu L, Wu X, Wang F, Zhang L, Wang X, Song S, Zhang H. Dual-Site Metal Catalysts for Electrocatalytic CO 2 Reduction Reaction. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300583. [PMID: 37367498 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) is a promising and green approach for reducing atmospheric CO2 concentration and achieving high-valued conversion of CO2 under the carbon-neutral policy. In CO2 RR, the dual-site metal catalysts (DSMCs) have received wide attention for their ingenious design strategies, abundant active sites, and excellent catalytic performance attributed to the synergistic effect between dual-site in terms of activity, selectivity and stability, which plays a key role in catalytic reactions. This review provides a systematic summary and detailed classification of DSMCs for CO2 RR, describes the mechanism of synergistic effects in catalytic reactions, and also introduces in situ characterization techniques commonly used in CO2 RR. Finally, the main challenges and prospects of dual-site metal catalysts and even multi-site catalysts for CO2 recycling are analyzed. It is believed that based on the understanding of bimetallic site catalysts and synergistic effects in CO2 RR, well-designed high-performance, low-cost electrocatalysts are promising for achieving CO2 conversion, electrochemical energy conversion and storage in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5265, Renmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, 96, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xueting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5265, Renmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, 96, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5265, Renmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5265, Renmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5265, Renmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, 96, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shuyan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5265, Renmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, 96, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5265, Renmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, 96, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 30, Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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Abstract
The formation and study of molecules that model the sp-hybridized carbon allotrope, carbyne, is a challenging field of synthetic physical organic chemistry. The target molecules, oligo- and polyynes, are often the preferred candidates as models for carbyne because they can be formed with monodisperse lengths as well as defined structures. Despite a simple linear structure, the synthesis of polyynes is often far from straightforward, due in large part to a highly conjugated framework that can render both precursors and products highly reactive, i.e., kinetically unstable. The vast majority of polyynes are formed as symmetrical products from terminal alkynes as precursors via an oxidative, acetylenic homocoupling reaction based on the Glaser, Eglinton-Galbraith, and Hay reactions. These reactions are very efficient for the synthesis of shorter polyynes (e.g., hexaynes and octaynes), but yields often drop dramatically as a function of length for longer derivatives, usually starting with the formation of decaynes. The most effective approach to circumvent unstable precursors and products has been through the incorporation of sterically demanding end groups that serve to "protect" the polyyne skeleton. This approach was arguably identified in the early 1950s by Bohlmann and co-workers with the synthesis of tBu-end-capped polyynes. During the next 50 years, a polyyne with 14 contiguous alkyne units remained the longest isolated derivative until 2010, when the record was extended to 22 alkyne units. The record length was broken again in 2020, when a polyyne consisting of 24 alkynes was isolated and characterized. Beyond polyynes, there have been several reports describing the potential synthesis of carbyne, but conclusive characterization and proof of structure have been tenuous. The sole example of synthetic carbyne arises from synthesis within carbon nanotubes, when chains of thousands of sp carbon atoms have been linked to form polydisperse samples of carbyne. Thus, model compounds for carbyne, the polyynes, remain the best means to examine and predict the experimental structure and properties of this carbon allotrope.This Account will discuss the general synthesis of polyynes using homologous series of polyynes with up to 10 alkyne units as examples (decaynes). The limited number of specific syntheses of series with longer polyynes will then be presented and discussed in more detail based on end groups. The monodisperse polyynes produced from these synthetic efforts are then examined toward providing our best extrapolations for the expected characteristics for carbyne based on 13C NMR spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueze Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Rik R Tykwinski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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6
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Dhindsa JS, Cotterill EL, Buguis FL, Anghel M, Boyle PD, Gilroy JB. Blending the Optical and Redox Properties of Oligoynes and Boron Difluoride Formazanates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208502. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasveer S. Dhindsa
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR) The University of Western Ontario London ON N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Erin L. Cotterill
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR) The University of Western Ontario London ON N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Francis L. Buguis
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR) The University of Western Ontario London ON N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Michael Anghel
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR) The University of Western Ontario London ON N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Paul D. Boyle
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR) The University of Western Ontario London ON N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR) The University of Western Ontario London ON N6A 5B7 Canada
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7
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Dhindsa JS, Cotterrill EL, Buguis FL, Anghel M, Boyle PD, Gilroy JB. Blending the Optical and Redox Properties of Oligoynes and Boron. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasveer S Dhindsa
- University of Western Ontario: Western University Department of Chemistry CANADA
| | - Erin L. Cotterrill
- University of Western Ontario: Western University Department of Chemistry CANADA
| | - Francis L. Buguis
- University of Western Ontario: Western University Department of Chemistry CANADA
| | - Michael Anghel
- University of Western Ontario: Western University Department of Chemistry CANADA
| | - Paul D. Boyle
- University of Western Ontario: Western University Department of Chemistry CANADA
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- The University of Western Ontario Department of Chemistry 1151 Richmond St. N. N6A 5B7 London CANADA
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8
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Argaman U, Makov G. Carbon nanowires under compression and their vibrational anomalies. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:2996-3009. [PMID: 36133525 PMCID: PMC9419502 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00027j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anomalous pressure dependence of Raman frequencies of carbon nanowires encapsulated in carbon nanotubes has been recently reported. Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain this phenomenon in linear carbon chains: softening of a carbon bond with pressure or charge transfer to the chain. However, carbon chains bend easily under stress, although stable structures under these conditions have yet to be discovered. In this study, we model linear and bent carbon nanowires under compression, including both stable and metastable structures. The structures, electronic properties, and vibrational frequencies are obtained through first-principles calculations within density functional theory. We find that polyyne, the dimerized linear ground-state structure of carbon chains at zero strain, is not stable under compression for an infinite carbon chain. Instead, the chain transforms into two possible configurations, a previously unknown three-dimensional helical shape or a two-dimensional sinusoidal shape. These structures can be modeled using an analytical atomistic force-constant model or with a continuum approach. In the continuum approach, an eigenvalue wave equation describes the energy and geometry of the chain. Moreover, this equation produces excited (metastable) structural states and can be applied to other one-dimensional systems. The wave equation formulation indicates that the much-pursued concept of Young's modulus in one-dimensional chains is ill-defined. Finally, the Raman anomaly under compression is not observed within the atomistic force-constant model contrary to assumptions in the literature. Instead, this anomaly can be understood using a model in which charge transfer between the nanotube and the nanowire occurs upon contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uri Argaman
- Materials Engineering Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Guy Makov
- Materials Engineering Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheva 84105 Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel
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9
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Serafini P, Milani A, Tommasini M, Castiglioni C, Proserpio DM, Bottani CE, Casari CS. Vibrational properties of graphdiynes as 2D carbon materials beyond graphene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:10524-10536. [PMID: 35442257 PMCID: PMC9425158 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00980c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) hybrid sp–sp2 carbon systems are an appealing subject for science and technology. For these materials, topology and structure significantly affect electronic and vibrational properties. We investigate here by periodic density-functional theory (DFT) calculations the Raman and IR spectra of 2D carbon crystals belonging to the family of graphdiynes (GDYs) and having different structures and topologies. By joining DFT calculations with symmetry analysis, we assign the IR and Raman modes in the spectra of all the investigated systems. On this basis, we discuss how the modulation of the Raman and IR active bands depends on the different interactions between sp and sp2 domains. The symmetry-based classification allows identifying the marker bands sensitive to the different peculiar topologies. These results show the effectiveness of vibrational spectroscopy for the characterization of new nanostructures, deepening the knowledge of the subtle interactions that take place in these 2D materials. Raman and IR spectra investigation of 2D carbon crystals belonging to the family of graphdiynes (GDYs) and having different structures is performed in this paper, focusing on how these spectra are affected by different topological features.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- P Serafini
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 23/3, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - A Milani
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 23/3, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - M Tommasini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chem. Eng. 'G.Natta', Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - C Castiglioni
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chem. Eng. 'G.Natta', Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - D M Proserpio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - C E Bottani
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 23/3, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - C S Casari
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 23/3, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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10
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Amini H, Weisbach N, Gauthier S, Kuhn H, Bhuvanesh N, Hampel F, Reibenspies JH, Gladysz JA. Trapping of Terminal Platinapolyynes by Copper(I) Catalyzed Click Cycloadditions; Probes of Labile Intermediates in Syntheses of Complexes with Extended sp Carbon Chains, and Crystallographic Studies. Chemistry 2021; 27:12619-12634. [PMID: 34101914 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The silylated hexatriynyl complex trans-(C6 F5 )(p-tol3 P)2 Pt(C≡C)3 SiEt3 (PtC6 TES) is converted in situ to PtC6 H (wet n-Bu4 N+ F- , THF) and cross coupled with the diyne H(C≡C)2 SiEt3 (HC4 TES; CuCl/TMEDA, O2 ) to give PtC10 TES (71 %). This sequence is repeated twice to afford PtC14 TES (65 %) and then PtC18 TES (27 %). An analogous series of reactions starting with PtC8 TES gives PtC12 TES (60 %), then PtC16 TES (43 %), and then PtC20 TES (17 %). Similar cross couplings with H(C≡C)2 Si(i-Pr)3 (HC4 TIPS) give PtC12 TIPS (68 %), PtC14 TIPS (68 %), and PtC16 TIPS (34 %). The trialkylsilyl species (up to PtC18 TES) are converted to 3+2 "click" cycloadducts or 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles trans-(C6 F5 )(p-tol3 P)2 Pt(C≡C)n-1 C=CHN(CH2 C6 H5 )N=N (29-92 % after workups). The most general procedure involves generating the terminal polyynes PtCx H (wet n-Bu4 N+ F- , THF) in the presence of benzyl azide in DMF and aqueous CuSO4 /ascorbic acid. All of the preceding complexes are crystallographically characterized and the structural and spectroscopic properties analyzed as a function of chain length. Two pseudopolymorphs of PtC20 TES are obtained, both of which feature molecules with parallel sp carbon chains in a pairwise head/tail packing motif with extensive sp/sp van der Waals contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashem Amini
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas, 77842-3012, USA
| | - Nancy Weisbach
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas, 77842-3012, USA
| | - Sébastien Gauthier
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas, 77842-3012, USA
| | - Helene Kuhn
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 42, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas, 77842-3012, USA
| | - Frank Hampel
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 42, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Joseph H Reibenspies
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas, 77842-3012, USA
| | - John A Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas, 77842-3012, USA
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Quevedo-Tinoco L, Rodríguez-García G, del Río RE, Talero E, Motilva V, Cerda-García-Rojas CM, Joseph-Nathan P, Gómez-Hurtado MA. Strategy for the vibrational circular dichroism study of a glycosylflavonoid evaluated as its peracetate. The case of bioactive 7-O-β-D-glucopyranosylchrysin. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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The loss of endgroup effects in long pyridyl-endcapped oligoynes on the way to carbyne. Nat Chem 2020; 12:1143-1149. [DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-0550-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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14
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Iritani K, Takeda H, Kather M, Yokoi M, Moeglen M, Ikeda M, Otsubo Y, Ozawa Y, Tahara K, Hirose K, De Feyter S, Tobe Y. Electrostatically Driven Guest Binding in Self-Assembled Molecular Network of Hexagonal Pyridine Macrocycle at the Liquid/Solid Interface: Symmetry Breaking Induced by Coadsorbed Solvent Molecules. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:15051-15062. [PMID: 31671263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present here the construction of a self-assembled two-dimensional network at the liquid/solid interface using a hexagonal pyridine macrocycle which binds an organic cation in its intrinsic porous space by electrostatic interactions. For this purpose, a hexagonal pyridinylene-butadiynylene macrocycle (PyBM) having six octyloxymethyl groups, PyBM-C8, was synthesized. As guests, tropylium (Tr) tetrafluoroborate and trioxatriangulenium (TOTA) hexafluorophosphate were used. In this study, we focused on (i) the network patterns of PyBM-C8 which change in response to its concentration and (ii) the position of the guest immobilized in the porous space of the macrocycle. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) observations at the interface of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB) and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) revealed that PyBM-C8 formed four different polymorphs, oblique, loose hexagonal, linear, and rectangular, depending on the solute concentration and annealing treatment. Solvent TCB molecules are likely coadsorbed to not only the intrinsically porous space of PyBM-C8 (internal TCB) but also the space outside of the macrocycle between its alkyl chains (external TCB) in most of the cases. Upon adding the guest cation, whereas small Tr was not visualized in the pore due to size mismatching, larger TOTA was clearly observed in each pore. In addition, based on high-resolution STM images of the rhombus packing pattern of PyBM-C8, we revealed experimentally that TOTA was placed at an off-center position of the deformed hexagonal macrocyclic core in the rhombus pattern. On the basis of the molecular mechanics calculations, we hypothesize that the off-center location of TOTA is due to deformation of the hexagonal macrocycle through interaction with two external TCB molecules located at opposite edges of the macrocyclic core. Symmetry breaking of the macrocyclic host framework induced by coadsorbed surrounding solvent molecules thus plays a significant role in host-guest complexation at the liquid/solid interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Iritani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering , Tokyo University of Technology , Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982 , Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yu Ozawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology , Meiji University , Kawasaki , Kanagawa 214-8571 , Japan
| | - Kazukuni Tahara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology , Meiji University , Kawasaki , Kanagawa 214-8571 , Japan
| | | | - Steven De Feyter
- Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , 3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Yoshito Tobe
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research , Osaka University , 8-1, Mihogaoka , Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 , Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry , National Chiao Tung University , 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road , Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
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15
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Kreuzahler M, Adam A, Haberhauer G. Linear Relationship between
13
C NMR Chemical Shifts and the Bending of sp‐Carbon Chains. Chemistry 2019; 25:12689-12693. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathis Kreuzahler
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstr. 7 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Abdulselam Adam
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstr. 7 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstr. 7 45117 Essen Germany
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16
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Rodríguez-García G, Villagómez-Guzmán AK, Talavera-Alemán A, Cruz-Corona R, Gómez-Hurtado MA, Cerda-García-Rojas CM, Joseph-Nathan P, Del Río RE. Conformational, configurational, and supramolecular studies of podocephalol acetate from Lasianthaea aurea. Chirality 2019; 31:923-933. [PMID: 31454433 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Although podocephalol (1) and its derived acetate 2 were found in Lasianthaea podocephala four decades ago, and 1 was later detected in the essential oils of several vegetal species, its absolute configuration (AC) and conformational preferences remained to be established. The structures of ar-himachalene 1, now isolated from Lasianthaea aurea, and its derived acetate 2, were herein confirmed by extensive 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies, while the conformational preferences of the cycloheptene was established by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which in combination with vibrational circular dichroism measurements provided the (R) absolute configuration of the molecules. The structure and AC were further verified through the Flack and Hooft parameters calculations derived from single crystal X-ray diffraction data of 2. In addition, careful evaluation of the crystal data allowed observing supramolecular layers cell package, an uncommon property in natural terpenes that might have potential applications. A transmission electron microscopy analysis of crystal of 2 was also possible, providing its physical characteristics at the micrometric scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Rodríguez-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Ana K Villagómez-Guzmán
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Armando Talavera-Alemán
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Rosalba Cruz-Corona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Mario A Gómez-Hurtado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Carlos M Cerda-García-Rojas
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pedro Joseph-Nathan
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosa E Del Río
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
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17
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Kang D, Ju W, Zhang S, Xia C. Driving interference control by side carbon chains in molecular and two-dimensional nano-constrictions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:25993-26002. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05185f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Interference pattern modulation by side carbon chains is a general phenomenon, which is demonstrated in a benzene molecular device, a zigzag graphene nanoribbon device and a SiC nanoribbon device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Kang
- School of Physics and Engineering
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang 471023
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulations and Applications
| | - Weiwei Ju
- School of Physics and Engineering
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang 471023
- China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Physics and Engineering
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang 471023
- China
| | - Caijuan Xia
- School of Science
- Xi’an Polytechnic University
- Xi’an 710048
- China
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18
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Zhang Y, Zhao J, Fang Y, Liu Y, Zhao X. Preparation of long linear carbon chain inside multi-walled carbon nanotubes by cooling enhanced hydrogen arc discharge method. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:17824-17833. [PMID: 30221270 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr05465g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Long linear carbon chains with sp hybridization inside multi-walled carbon nanotubes (LLCC@MWCNTs) can be prepared in the cathode deposits obtained by hydrogen arc discharge. In this work, a cooling system was introduced into the hydrogen arc discharge method to improve the growth yield of LLCC@MWCNTs samples, as indicated by the corresponding stronger Raman peaks between 1780 cm-1 and 1880 cm-1, compared with conventional systems. Moreover, the cooling largely expanded the narrow scope of suitable conditions for the preparation of LLCC@MWCNTs, and high purity samples were easily produced. Qualitative analysis of arc discharge process helped conclude that cooling helps to increase the temperature of arc plasma, which is beneficial to improve both the growth yield of LLCC@MWCNTs and the purity of MWCNTs. This work provides a new approach to improve the growth yield of LLCC@MWCNTs and will benefit further studies and future applications of this new one-dimensional allotrope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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19
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Hijazi I, Khedhiri K, Campidelli S. Grafting of porphyrin oligomers on single-walled carbon nanotubes by Hay coupling. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:6767-6772. [PMID: 30191229 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01577e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of nanotube-based functional materials is still limited by the difficulty in incorporating highly engineered molecules onto the nanotube surface. To overcome this difficulty, the development of procedures involving two subsequent reaction steps on the nanotubes appeared particularly promising. It was previously demonstrated that "click chemistry" (CuAAC) permits efficiently functionalising nanotubes with a wide variety of materials (from inorganic to biological). In this work, we present an original strategy based on Hay coupling (i.e. the oxidative coupling between triple bonds) to fabricate nanotube-porphyrin conjugates. Porphyrins containing ethynyl functional groups were attached on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) bearing phenylacetylene groups and the resulting materials were fully characterised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Hijazi
- LICSEN, NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
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20
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Supermultiplexed optical imaging and barcoding with engineered polyynes. Nat Methods 2018; 15:194-200. [PMID: 29334378 PMCID: PMC5831481 DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.4578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Optical multiplexing has a large impact in photonics, the life sciences and biomedicine. However, current technology is limited by a 'multiplexing ceiling' from existing optical materials. Here we engineered a class of polyyne-based materials for optical supermultiplexing. We achieved 20 distinct Raman frequencies, as 'Carbon rainbow', through rational engineering of conjugation length, bond-selective isotope doping and end-capping substitution of polyynes. With further probe functionalization, we demonstrated ten-color organelle imaging in individual living cells with high specificity, sensitivity and photostability. Moreover, we realized optical data storage and identification by combinatorial barcoding, yielding to our knowledge the largest number of distinct spectral barcodes to date. Therefore, these polyynes hold great promise in live-cell imaging and sorting as well as in high-throughput diagnostics and screening.
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21
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Adam A, Haberhauer G. Twisting of Alkynes towards a Carbon Double Helix. Chemistry 2017; 23:12190-12197. [PMID: 28436131 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The carbon allotrope exhibiting only one-dimensional sp-hybridized carbon atoms is called carbyne. However, its existence is very controversial. Studies on model compounds for carbyne revealed that many oligoalkynes show not a straight, but a bent structure of the carbon chain. Here, we question whether it would also be possible to obtain a more complex structure from carbyne, such as a dimeric double helix. Based on quantum chemical calculations, we show that only a small energetic expense is needed for the formation of a double helix starting from oligoalkyne chains. In some cases, the double helix-like conformation is more stable than the corresponding conformation with a parallel arrangement of the acetylene chains. Furthermore, model systems were synthesized in which two diphenyl oligoalkyne chains are fixed and twisted by a chiral imidazole-containing clamp. A structural investigation of these model systems was performed based on UV and CD spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. The observed twisting in these model systems can be regarded as the first small step towards an imaginable carbon double helix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulselam Adam
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, D-45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, D-45117, Essen, Germany
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22
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Farid MA, Zhang H, Yang A, Tian G, Wu M, Li G, Liao F, Lin J. Facile Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, and Magnetic Properties of Perovskite BaTb
1–
x
Bi
x
O
3. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201601325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim Farid
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University 100871 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University 100871 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Aimei Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology 541004 Guilin P. R. China
| | - Gengfang Tian
- Neutron Scattering Laboratory Department of Nuclear Physics China Institute of Atomic Energy 102413 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Meimei Wu
- Neutron Scattering Laboratory Department of Nuclear Physics China Institute of Atomic Energy 102413 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Guobao Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University 100871 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Fuhui Liao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University 100871 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University 100871 Beijing P. R. China
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23
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Abstract
![]()
Porphyrin–polyyne
[3]- and [5]rotaxanes have been synthesized
by condensing aldehyde–rotaxanes with pyrrole or dipyrromethane.
The crystal structure of a [3]rotaxane shows that the macrocycles
adopt compact conformations, holding the hexaynes near the porphyrin
core, and that the phenanthroline units form intermolecular π-stacked
dimers in the solid. Fluorescence spectra reveal singlet excited-state
energy transfer from the threaded hexayne to the porphyrin, from the
phenanthroline to the porphyrin, and from the phenanthroline to the
hexayne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Kohn
- University of Oxford , Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Levon D Movsisyan
- University of Oxford , Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Amber L Thompson
- University of Oxford , Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Harry L Anderson
- University of Oxford , Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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24
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Shi L, Rohringer P, Suenaga K, Niimi Y, Kotakoski J, Meyer JC, Peterlik H, Wanko M, Cahangirov S, Rubio A, Lapin ZJ, Novotny L, Ayala P, Pichler T. Confined linear carbon chains as a route to bulk carbyne. NATURE MATERIALS 2016; 15:634-9. [PMID: 27043782 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Strong chemical activity and extreme instability in ambient conditions characterize carbyne, an infinite sp(1) hybridized carbon chain. As a result, much less has been explored about carbyne as compared to other carbon allotropes such as fullerenes, nanotubes and graphene. Although end-capping groups can be used to stabilize carbon chains, length limitations are still a barrier for production, and even more so for application. We report a method for the bulk production of long acetylenic linear carbon chains protected by thin double-walled carbon nanotubes. The synthesis of very long arrangements is confirmed by a combination of transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and (near-field) resonance Raman spectroscopy. Our results establish a route for the bulk production of exceptionally long and stable chains composed of more than 6,000 carbon atoms, representing an elegant forerunner towards the final goal of carbyne's bulk production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | | | - Kazu Suenaga
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Nanotube Research Centre, 305-8565 Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Niimi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Nanotube Research Centre, 305-8565 Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Jani Kotakoski
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Jannik C Meyer
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Herwig Peterlik
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Marius Wanko
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility (ETSF), Universidad del País Vasco, CFM CSIC-UPV/EHU-MPC&DIPC, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Seymur Cahangirov
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility (ETSF), Universidad del País Vasco, CFM CSIC-UPV/EHU-MPC&DIPC, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Angel Rubio
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility (ETSF), Universidad del País Vasco, CFM CSIC-UPV/EHU-MPC&DIPC, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Lukas Novotny
- ETH Zürich, Photonics Laboratory, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Paola Ayala
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, 1090 Wien, Austria
- Yachay Tech University, School of Physical Sciences and Nanotechnology, 100119-Urcuquí, Ecuador
| | - Thomas Pichler
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, 1090 Wien, Austria
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25
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Zhu S, Li H, Zhu W, Jiang W, Wang C, Wu P, Zhang Q, Li H. Vibrational analysis and formation mechanism of typical deep eutectic solvents: An experimental and theoretical study. J Mol Graph Model 2016; 68:158-175. [PMID: 27450770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), as ionic liquid analogues for green solvents, have gained increasing attentions in chemistry. In this work, three typical kinds of DESs (ChCl/Gly, ChCl/AcOH and ChCl/Urea) were successfully synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman. Then comprehensive and systematical analyses were performed by the methods of density functional theory (DFT). Two methods (B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,p) and dispersion-corrected B3LYP-D3/6-311++G(2d,p)) were employed to investigate the structures, vibrational frequencies and assign their ownership of vibrational modes for the DESs, respectively. Nearly all the experimental characteristic peaks of IR and Raman were identified according to the calculated results. By linear fitting of the combined calculated vs experimental vibration frequencies, it can be found that both of the two methods are excellent to reproduce the experimental results. Besides, hydrogen bonds were proved to exist in DESs by IR spectrum, structure analysis and RDG analysis. This work was aimed at predicting and understanding the vibrational spectra of the three typical DESs based on DFT methods. Moreover, by comparing experimental and theoretical results, it provides us a deep understanding of the formation mechanisms of DESs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Hongping Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Wenshuai Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Peiwen Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Huaming Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China; Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
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26
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Casari CS, Tommasini M, Tykwinski RR, Milani A. Carbon-atom wires: 1-D systems with tunable properties. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:4414-35. [PMID: 26847474 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06175j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a discussion of the current state of research on linear carbon structures and related materials based on sp-hybridization of carbon atoms (polyynes and cumulenes). We show that such systems have widely tunable properties and thus represent an intriguing and mostly unexplored field for both fundamental and applied sciences. We discuss the rich interplay between the structural, vibrational, and electronic properties focusing on recent advances and the future perspectives of carbon-atom wires and novel hybrid sp-sp(2)-carbon architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Casari
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - M Tommasini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering 'G. Natta', Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - R R Tykwinski
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Henkestrasse 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Milani
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering 'G. Natta', Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
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27
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Abstract
For the last 60+ years, the synthesis and study of cumulenes and polyynes have been the focus of a small, but dedicated, group of researchers. Many of the remarkable electronic, optical, and structural properties of cumulenes and polyynes had already been identified in the earliest reports. The molecular lengths achievable by the initial syntheses were, unfortunately, somewhat limited by synthetic methods available. For the past 15 years, we have worked toward expanding on the synthesis of cumulenes and polyynes through the development of new methods and stabilization motifs. As new compounds have become available, homologous series of cumulenes and polyynes have then been examined as a function of molecular length. While we are not yet there, we would like to eventually provide a general description of the sp-carbon allotrope carbyne, and this account presents some of our efforts toward this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik R Tykwinski
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center of Molecular Materials (ICMM), University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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28
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Kohl B, Rominger F, Mastalerz M. A Pyrene-FusedN-Heteroacene with Eleven Rectilinearly Annulated Aromatic Rings. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6051-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201411972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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29
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Kohl B, Rominger F, Mastalerz M. Ein Pyren-fusioniertes N-Heteroacen mit elf linear anellierten aromatischen Ringen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201411972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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30
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Milani A, Tommasini M, Russo V, Li Bassi A, Lucotti A, Cataldo F, Casari CS. Raman spectroscopy as a tool to investigate the structure and electronic properties of carbon-atom wires. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 6:480-91. [PMID: 25821689 PMCID: PMC4362090 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.6.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Graphene, nanotubes and other carbon nanostructures have shown potential as candidates for advanced technological applications due to the different coordination of carbon atoms and to the possibility of π-conjugation. In this context, atomic-scale wires comprised of sp-hybridized carbon atoms represent ideal 1D systems to potentially downscale devices to the atomic level. Carbon-atom wires (CAWs) can be arranged in two possible structures: a sequence of double bonds (cumulenes), resulting in a 1D metal, or an alternating sequence of single-triple bonds (polyynes), expected to show semiconducting properties. The electronic and optical properties of CAWs can be finely tuned by controlling the wire length (i.e., the number of carbon atoms) and the type of termination (e.g., atom, molecular group or nanostructure). Although linear, sp-hybridized carbon systems are still considered elusive and unstable materials, a number of nanostructures consisting of sp-carbon wires have been produced and characterized to date. In this short review, we present the main CAW synthesis techniques and stabilization strategies and we discuss the current status of the understanding of their structural, electronic and vibrational properties with particular attention to how these properties are related to one another. We focus on the use of vibrational spectroscopy to provide information on the structural and electronic properties of the system (e.g., determination of wire length). Moreover, by employing Raman spectroscopy and surface enhanced Raman scattering in combination with the support of first principles calculations, we show that a detailed understanding of the charge transfer between CAWs and metal nanoparticles may open the possibility to tune the electronic structure from alternating to equalized bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Milani
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- NEMAS – Center for NanoEngineered Materials and Surfaces, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Tommasini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- NEMAS – Center for NanoEngineered Materials and Surfaces, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Valeria Russo
- NEMAS – Center for NanoEngineered Materials and Surfaces, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Li Bassi
- NEMAS – Center for NanoEngineered Materials and Surfaces, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Lucotti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- NEMAS – Center for NanoEngineered Materials and Surfaces, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Franco Cataldo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, Università della Tuscia, Via Camillo de Lellis, Viterbo, Italy
- Actinium Chemical Research srl, Via Casilina 1626A, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Carlo S Casari
- NEMAS – Center for NanoEngineered Materials and Surfaces, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
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31
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Bonardi P, Achilli S, Tantardini GF, Martinazzo R. Electron transport in carbon wires in contact with Ag electrodes: a detailed first principles investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:18413-25. [PMID: 26106869 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02796a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The structure and electronic properties of carbon atom chains Cn in contact with Ag electrodes are investigated in detail with first principles means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Bonardi
- Universitá degli Studi di Milano
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Simona Achilli
- Universitá degli Studi di Milano
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
| | - Gian Franco Tantardini
- Universitá degli Studi di Milano
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
| | - Rocco Martinazzo
- Universitá degli Studi di Milano
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
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32
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Movsisyan L, Peeks MD, Greetham GM, Towrie M, Thompson AL, Parker AW, Anderson HL. Photophysics of threaded sp-carbon chains: the polyyne is a sink for singlet and triplet excitation. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:17996-8008. [PMID: 25474628 PMCID: PMC4353026 DOI: 10.1021/ja510663z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We have used single-crystal X-ray diffraction and time-resolved UV-NIR-IR absorption spectroscopy to gain insights into the structures and excited-state dynamics of a rotaxane consisting of a hexayne chain threaded through a phenanthroline macrocycle and a family of related compounds, including the rhenium(I) chlorocarbonyl complex of this rotaxane. The hexayne unit in the rhenium-rotaxane is severely nonlinear; it is bent into an arc with an angle of 155.6(1)° between the terminal C1 and C12 atoms and the centroid of the central C-C bond, with the most acute distortion at the point where the polyyne chain pushes against the Re(CO)3Cl unit. There are strong through-space excited-state interactions between the components of the rotaxanes. In the metal-free rotaxane, there is rapid singlet excitation energy transfer (EET) from the macrocycle to the hexayne (τ = 3.0 ps), whereas in the rhenium-rotaxane there is triplet EET, from the macrocycle complex (3)MLCT state to the hexayne (τ = 1.5 ns). This study revealed detailed information on the short-lived higher excited state of the hexayne (lifetime ∼1 ps) and on structural reorganization and cooling of hot polyyne chains, following internal conversion (over ∼5 ps). Comparison of the observed IR bands of the excited states of the hexayne with results from time-dependent density functional calculations (TD DFT) shows that these excited states have high cumulenic character (low bond length alternation) around the central region of the chain. These findings shed light on the complex interactions between the components of this supramolecular rotaxane and are important for the development of materials for the emerging molecular and nanoscale electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levon
D. Movsisyan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Martin D. Peeks
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory M. Greetham
- Central
Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, Science and Technology
Facilities Council, Harwell
Oxford, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Towrie
- Central
Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, Science and Technology
Facilities Council, Harwell
Oxford, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Amber L. Thompson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony W. Parker
- Central
Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, Science and Technology
Facilities Council, Harwell
Oxford, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Harry L. Anderson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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34
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Chernick ET, Tykwinski RR. Carbon-rich nanostructures: the conversion of acetylenes into materials. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin T. Chernick
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM); University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Henkestrasse 42 91054 Erlangen Germany
| | - Rik R. Tykwinski
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM); University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Henkestrasse 42 91054 Erlangen Germany
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35
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Giussani E, Fazzi D, Brambilla L, Caironi M, Castiglioni C. Molecular Level Investigation of the Film Structure of a High Electron Mobility Copolymer via Vibrational Spectroscopy. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma302664s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ester Giussani
- Center for Nano Science and
Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Fazzi
- Center for Nano Science and
Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Luigi Brambilla
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali
e Ingegneria Chimica CMIC “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano,
Italy
| | - Mario Caironi
- Center for Nano Science and
Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Castiglioni
- Center for Nano Science and
Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali
e Ingegneria Chimica CMIC “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano,
Italy
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Fazzi D, Scotognella F, Milani A, Brida D, Manzoni C, Cinquanta E, Devetta M, Ravagnan L, Milani P, Cataldo F, Lüer L, Wannemacher R, Cabanillas-Gonzalez J, Negro M, Stagira S, Vozzi C. Ultrafast spectroscopy of linear carbon chains: the case of dinaphthylpolyynes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:9384-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50508a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Shen J, Li Y, Vaz R, Izumi H. Revisiting Vibrational Circular Dichroism Spectra of (S)-(+)-Carvone and (1S,2R,5S)-(+)-Menthol Using SimIR/VCD Method. J Chem Theory Comput 2012; 8:2762-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ct300110q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- Sanofi US, 1041 Route 202-206, Bridgewater,
New Jersey 08807, United States
| | - Yi Li
- Sanofi US, 1041 Route 202-206, Bridgewater,
New Jersey 08807, United States
| | - Roy Vaz
- Sanofi US, 1041 Route 202-206, Bridgewater,
New Jersey 08807, United States
| | - Hiroshi Izumi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology,
AIST Tsukuba West, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
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Cinquanta E, Ravagnan L, Castelli IE, Cataldo F, Manini N, Onida G, Milani P. Vibrational characterization of dinaphthylpolyynes: a model system for the study of end-capped sp carbon chains. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:194501. [PMID: 22112086 DOI: 10.1063/1.3660211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We perform a systematic investigation of the resonance and vibrational properties of naphthyl-terminated sp carbon chains (dinaphthylpolyynes) by combined multi-wavelength resonant Raman (MWRR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, plus ab initio density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We show that the MWWR and FT-IR spectroscopies are particularly suited to identify chains of different lengths and different terminations, respectively. By DFT calculations, we further extend those findings to sp carbon chains end-capped by other organic structures. The present analysis shows that combined MWRR and FT-IR provide a powerful tool to draw a complete picture of chemically stabilized sp carbon chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Cinquanta
- CIMAINA, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milano, Italy
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40
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Wada Y, Wakabayashi T, Kato T. Photoinduced Reaction of Hydrogen-End-Capped Polyynes with Iodine Molecules. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:8439-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jp203074r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoriko Wada
- Department of Chemistry, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuhisa Kato
- Institute for the Promotion of Excellence in Higher Education, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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41
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Chalifoux WA, Ferguson MJ, McDonald R, Melin F, Echegoyen L, Tykwinski RR. Adamantyl-endcapped polyynes. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wesley A. Chalifoux
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; Edmonton; Alberta; T6G 2G2; Canada
| | - Michael J. Ferguson
- X-ray Crystallography Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; Edmonton; Alberta; T6G 2G2; Canada
| | - Robert McDonald
- X-ray Crystallography Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; Edmonton; Alberta; T6G 2G2; Canada
| | - Frederic Melin
- Institut de Chimie; Université de Strasbourg; 1 Rue Blaise Pascal; F-67070; Strasbourg; France
| | - Luis Echegoyen
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Texas at El Paso; El Paso; TX; 79968; USA
| | - Rik R. Tykwinski
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen Nürnberg; Henkestraße 42; 91054; Erlangen; Germany
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42
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Modulation of the electronic structure of polyconjugated organic molecules by geometry relaxation: A discussion based on local Raman parameters. J Mol Struct 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2010.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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43
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Yildizhan MM, Fazzi D, Milani A, Brambilla L, Del Zoppo M, Chalifoux WA, Tykwinski RR, Zerbi G. Photogenerated cumulenic structure of adamantyl endcapped linear carbon chains: An experimental and computational investigation based on infrared spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:124512. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3571451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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44
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Yan H, Lim SI, Zhang LC, Gao SC, Mott D, Le Y, Loukrakpam R, An DL, Zhong CJ. Rigid, conjugated and shaped arylethynes as mediators for the assembly of gold nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm02772c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Jahnke E, Tykwinski RR. The Fritsch-Buttenberg-Wiechell rearrangement: modern applications for an old reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:3235-49. [PMID: 20393642 DOI: 10.1039/c003170d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The Fritsch-Buttenberg-Wiechell rearrangement of carbene/carbenoid intermediates has evolved into a valuable synthetic methodology for the preparation of polyyne structures. Various synthetic routes toward the formation of the corresponding precursors, alkynyl-substituted dibromoolefins, have been developed. Additionally, the scope of this methodology is expanded significantly by the development of functional group-tolerant one-pot procedures. The preparation of various polyynes up to the octa- and decaynes is, thus, possible on a scale that enables thorough physico-chemical characterization. Hence, series of polyynes have been investigated by, e.g., UV-vis, IR- and Raman spectroscopy, as well as X-ray crystallography. These investigations give unique insight into the structural characteristics of longer polyynes and hint to the structure of carbyne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eike Jahnke
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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46
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Drooghaag X, Marchand-Brynaert J, Champagne B, Liégeois V. Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Raman and Raman Optical Activity Signatures of Pentamethylundecane Diastereoisomers. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:11753-60. [DOI: 10.1021/jp105028q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Drooghaag
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur 1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, and Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale, Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Jacqueline Marchand-Brynaert
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur 1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, and Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale, Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur 1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, and Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale, Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Vincent Liégeois
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur 1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, and Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale, Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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47
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Cataldo F, Ursini O, Angelini G, Tommasini M, Casari C. Simple Synthesis of α,ω-Diarylpolyynes Part 1: Diphenylpolyynes. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2010.491749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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48
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Toyota
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridaicho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
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49
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Gleiter R, Werz DB. Alkynes Between Main Group Elements: From Dumbbells via Rods to Squares and Tubes. Chem Rev 2010; 110:4447-88. [DOI: 10.1021/cr9003727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Gleiter
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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50
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Fan XF, Liu L, Wu RQ, Peng GW, Fan HM, Feng YP, Kuo JL, Shen ZX. The role of sp-hybridized atoms in carbon ferromagnetism: a spin-polarized density functional theory calculation. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2010; 22:046001. [PMID: 21386325 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/4/046001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We address the room-temperature (RT) carbon ferromagnetism by considering the magnetic states of low-dimensional carbons linked by sp-hybridized carbon atoms. Based on the spin-polarized density functional theory calculations, we find that the sp(*) orbitals of carbon atoms can bring magnetic moments into different carbon allotropes which may eventually give rise to the long-range ferromagnetic ordering at room temperature through an indirect carrier-mediated coupling mechanism. The fact that this indirect coupling is Fermi-level-dependent predicts that the individual magnetism of diverse carbon materials is governed by their chemical environments. This mechanism may help to illuminate the RT magnetic properties of carbon-based materials and to explore the new magnetic applications of carbon materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Fan
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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