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Zika A, Agarwal M, Zika W, Guldi DM, Schweins R, Gröhn F. Photoacid-macroion assemblies: how photo-excitation switches the size of nano-objects. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:923-940. [PMID: 38108137 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04570f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatic self-assembly of photoacids with oppositely charged macroions yields supramolecular nano-objects in aqueous solutions, whose size is controlled through light irradiation. Nano-assemblies are formed due to electrostatic attractions and mutual hydrogen bonding of the photoacids. Irradiation with UV light leads to the deprotonation of the photoacid and, consequently, a change in particle size. Overall, the hydrodynamic radii of the well-defined photoacid-macroion nano-objects lie between 130 and 370 nm. For a set of photoacids, we determine the acidity constants in the ground and excited state, discuss the sizes of photoacid-macroion nano-objects (by dynamic and static light scattering), their composition and the particle shapes (by small-angle neutron scattering), and relate their charge characteristics to size, structure and shape. We investigate the association thermodynamics and relate nanoscale structures to thermodynamics and, in turn, thermodynamics to molecular features, particularly the ionization energy of the photoacid hydroxyl group proton. Structure-directing effects completely differ from those for previously investigated systems, with hydrogen bonding and entropic effects playing a major role herein. This combined approach allows developing a comprehensive understanding of assembly formation and photo-response, anchored in molecular parameters (pKa, ionization energy, substituent group location), charge characteristics, and the association enthalpy and entropy. This fundamental understanding again paves the way for tailoring application solutions with novel photoresponsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Zika
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, and Bavarian Polymer Institute Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Mohit Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, and Bavarian Polymer Institute Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
- DS LSS Institut Laue - Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20 156, 38042 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Wiebke Zika
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ralf Schweins
- DS LSS Institut Laue - Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20 156, 38042 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, and Bavarian Polymer Institute Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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2
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Agarwal M, Zika A, Schweins R, Gröhn F. Controlling the Morphology in Electrostatic Self-Assembly via Light. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:50. [PMID: 38201714 PMCID: PMC10780651 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrostatic self-assembly of macroions is an emerging area with great potential in the development of nanoscale functional objects, where photo-irradiation responsiveness can either elevate or suppress the self-assembly. The ability to control the size and shape of macroion assemblies would greatly facilitate the fabrication of desired nano-objects that can be harnessed in various applications such as catalysis, drug delivery, bio-sensors, and actuators. Here, we demonstrate that a polyelectrolyte with a size of 5 nm and multivalent counterions with a size of 1 nm can produce well-defined nanostructures ranging in size from 10-1000 nm in an aqueous environment by utilizing the concept of electrostatic self-assembly and other intermolecular non-covalent interactions including dipole-dipole interactions. The pH- and photoresponsiveness of polyelectrolytes and azo dyes provide diverse parameters to tune the nanostructures. Our findings demonstrate a facile approach to fabricating and manipulating self-assembled nanoparticles using light and neutron scattering techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Institut Laue-Langevin, DS/LSS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Alexander Zika
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Laue-Langevin, DS/LSS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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3
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Zika A, Agarwal M, Schweins R, Gröhn F. Double-Wavelength-Switchable Molecular Self-Assembly of a Photoacid and Spirooxazine in an Aqueous Solution. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9563-9568. [PMID: 37861686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Quadruple-switchable nanoscale assemblies are built by combining two types of water-soluble molecular photoswitches through dipole-dipole interaction. Uniting the wavelength-specific proton dissociation of a photoacid and ring-opening of an anionic spirooxazine results in an assembly that can be addressed by irradiation with two different wavelengths: pH and darkness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Zika
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Bavarian Polymer Institute, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mohit Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Bavarian Polymer Institute, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- DS/LSS Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20 156, 38042 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Ralf Schweins
- DS/LSS Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20 156, 38042 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Bavarian Polymer Institute, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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4
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Xu W, Chen Y, Yang R, Fu Y, Zhuang W, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhang H. "Reaction"-Like Shaping of Self-Delivery Supramolecular Nanodrugs in the Nanoprecipitation Process. ACS NANO 2023; 17:18227-18239. [PMID: 37668306 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanoprecipitation, which is achieved through the diffusion and precipitation of drug molecules in blended solvent and antisolvent phases, is a classic route for constructing nanodrugs (NDs) and previously directed by diffusion-controlled theory. However, the diffusion-controlled mechanism is out of date in the recent preparation of self-delivery supramolecular NDs (SDSNDs), characterized by the construction of drug nanoparticles through supramolecular interactions in the absence of carriers and surfactants. Herein, a "reaction"-like complement, contributed from supramolecular interactions, is proposed for the preparation of naphthoquinone SDSNDs. Different from the diffusion-controlled process, the formation rate of SDSNDs via the "reaction"-like process is almost constant and highly dependent on the supramolecular interaction-determined Gibbs free energy of molecular binding. Thus, the formation rate and drug availability of SDSNDs are greatly improved by engineering the supramolecular interactions, which facilitates the preparation of SDSNDs with expected sizes, components, and therapeutic functions. As a deep understanding of supramolecular-interaction-involved nanoprecipitation, the current "reaction"-like protocol not only provides a theoretical supplement for classic nanoprecipitation but also highlights the potential of nanoprecipitation in shaping self-assembled, coassembled, and metal-ion-associated SDSNDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhe Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ruixu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yiying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wanxin Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- Optical Functional Theranostics Joint Laboratory of Medicine and Chemistry, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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5
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Hersbach TJP, Rabin C. pH- and Functionalization-Dependent Host-Guest Interactions Between Fluorescein and Various Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:9632-9642. [PMID: 36378255 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c06288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dendrimers are branched macromolecules that can be functionalized with a large variety of chemical moieties. Dendrimers can therefore be specifically designed to interact with target molecules. Although tailored dendrimers hold promise for targeted drug delivery and wastewater cleanup, these applications require more detailed and systematic studies on how dendrimer-guest interactions depend on environmental conditions. In light of this need, we studied pH-dependent interactions between fluorescein and poly(amidoamine) dendrimers with three different terminal groups. Crucially, both fluorescein and dendrimers have multiple protonation equilibria, which can enable interactions in different pH windows through various possible mechanisms. Such interactions are studied through UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopies, which reveal a redshift that occurs upon fluorescein-dendrimer binding. The resulting pH-dependent spectra are complex but can be analyzed quantitatively with an open-source mathematical protocol. Consequently, we show that fluorescein binds across four pH units with amine-terminated dendrimers, across two units with hydroxyl-terminated dendrimers and does not interact attractively with carboxyl-terminated dendrimers. These functionalization-dependent host-guest interactions stabilize fluorescein's dianionic form and are predominantly electrostatically driven, with likely auxiliary hydrogen and CH-π bonding. Notably, these auxiliary mechanisms appear too weak to drive dendrimer-fluorescein interactions on their own. Overall, this work yields valuable insights into dendrimer-fluorescein association and provides a readily reproducible framework for studying host-guest interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J P Hersbach
- Department of Chemistry and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 2506 Speedway, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Charlie Rabin
- Department of Chemistry and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 2506 Speedway, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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6
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Wagner M, Strassert CA, Gröhn F. Hierarchical electrostatic nanotemplating and self-assembly of electron-transferring hybrid nanostructures: CdS-polymer-porphyrin particles. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:13040-13045. [PMID: 35912789 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02132c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a versatile route to functional multi-component nanostructures by a hierarchical electrostatic nanotemplating - self-assembly approach: CdS-polyelectrolyte-porphyrin structures are formed in aqueous solution. The system was investigated with regard to its photocatalytic activity in different model reactions, and the mechanisms upon excitation were elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Wagner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Friedrich-Alexander - Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, Center for Soft Nanoscience, Center for Nanotechnology - Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Friedrich-Alexander - Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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7
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Fan S, Lam Y, He L, Xin J. Synthesis and photochromism of catechol-containing symmetrical azobenzene compounds. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:211894. [PMID: 35706672 PMCID: PMC9174713 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Symmetrical azobenzene derivatives with two catechol groups, 1d-4d, were synthesized as kinds of novel compounds, and the structures were confirmed using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. These compounds could attain photostationary state rapidly in solution upon UV irradiation, and their photochromism had good reversibility. Substituents and their positions on azobenzene chromophore had obvious influence on the maximum absorption and photochromic performances of these as-synthesized compounds. Electron-donating group on ortho positions could contribute to the redshift π-π* band. The sulfonamide group that is bonded to dopamine molecules and azobenzene rings caused a negligible n-π* transition of cis isomer, resulting in photobleaching upon UV irradiation. Among the four compounds, 4d had the strongest electron-donating ortho-methoxy substituents and lower planarity; thus its absorption could decrease more significantly upon UV irradiation of the same intensity, and its cis-to-trans conversion could be up to 63%. Furthermore, owing to the presence of catechol groups, 4d showed an effective affinity and adhesion to substrate, and on the surface of substrate, a weak colour change could be observed upon UV irradiation, but the reversibility was poorer than that in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suju Fan
- Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, Hong Kong
| | - Yintung Lam
- Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, Hong Kong
| | - Liang He
- Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, Hong Kong
| | - John H. Xin
- Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, Hong Kong
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8
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Fan S, Lam Y, He L, Xin JH. Novel and Sustainable Colorants Developed via Incorporating Azo Chromophores into Dopamine Molecules. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:11082-11091. [PMID: 35415376 PMCID: PMC8991931 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the application of dopamine as an "anchor" and UV absorber, novel sustainable colorants with biscatecholic structure were synthesized through a simple incorporation of simple azo chromophores with dopamine. Their structures were confirmed using MS and NMR analyses, and their application on textile materials was investigated. Compared to the simple azo chromophores with almost no coloring ability on fabrics, the biscatecholic colorants could color different fabrics effectively, mainly through self-polymerization only in the presence of a trace amount of organic base at room temperature, which is environmentally friendly in terms of saving resources and alleviating chemical pollution. Meanwhile, the UV resistance of colored fabrics was enhanced significantly, showing the advantage of protecting wearers from UV damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suju Fan
- Institute
of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong
Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen
Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic
University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yintung Lam
- Institute
of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong
Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen
Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic
University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang He
- Institute
of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong
Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen
Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic
University, Shenzhen, China
| | - John H. Xin
- Institute
of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong
Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen
Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic
University, Shenzhen, China
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9
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Krieger A, Zika A, Gröhn F. Functional Nano-Objects by Electrostatic Self-Assembly: Structure, Switching, and Photocatalysis. Front Chem 2022; 9:779360. [PMID: 35359487 PMCID: PMC8961288 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.779360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of functional nano-objects by electrostatic self-assembly in solution signifies an emerging field with great potential. More specifically, the targeted combination of electrostatic interaction with other effects and interactions, such as the positioning of charges on stiff building blocks, the use of additional amphiphilic, π−π stacking building blocks, or polyelectrolytes with certain architectures, have recently promulgated electrostatic self-assembly to a principle for versatile defined structure formation. A large variety of architectures from spheres over rods and hollow spheres to networks in the size range of a few tenths to a few hundred nanometers can be formed. This review discusses the state-of-the-art of different approaches of nano-object formation by electrostatic self-assembly against the backdrop of corresponding solid materials and assemblies formed by other non-covalent interactions. In this regard, particularly promising is the facile formation of triggerable structures, i.e. size and shape switching through light, as well as the use of electrostatically assembled nano-objects for improved photocatalysis and the possible solar energy conversion in the future. Lately, this new field is eliciting an increasing amount of understanding; insights and limitations thereof are addressed in this article. Special emphasis is placed on the interconnection of molecular building block structures and the resulting nanoscale architecture via the key of thermodynamics.
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10
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Liu Z, Qian K, Liu T, Tsige M. Recent advancements in understanding the self-assembly of macroions in solution via molecular modeling. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12151-12159. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04535d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Macroions fill the gap between simple ions and colloids in size but display a completely different self-assembly behavior in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuonan Liu
- School of Polymer Science & Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Kun Qian
- School of Polymer Science & Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Tianbo Liu
- School of Polymer Science & Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Mesfin Tsige
- School of Polymer Science & Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
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11
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Yi M, Han M, Chen J, Hao Z, Chen Y, Yao Y, Sun R. A Novel Method to Prepare Transparent, Flexible and Thermally Conductive Polyethylene/Boron Nitride Films. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 12:nano12010111. [PMID: 35010062 PMCID: PMC8746404 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The high thermal conductivity and good insulating properties of boron nitride (BN) make it a promising filler for high-performance polymer-based thermal management materials. An easy way to prepare BN-polymer composites is to directly mix BN particles with polymer matrix. However, a high concentration of fillers usually leads to a huge reduction of mechanical strength and optical transmission. Here, we propose a novel method to prepare polyethylene/boron nitride nanoplates (PE/BNNPs) composites through the combination of electrostatic self-assembly and hot pressing. Through this method, the thermal conductivity of the PE/BNNPs composites reach 0.47 W/mK, which gets a 14.6% improvement compared to pure polyethylene film. Thanks to the tight bonding of polyethylene with BNNPs, the tensile strength of the composite film reaches 1.82 MPa, an increase of 173.58% compared to that of pure polyethylene film (0.66 MPa). The fracture stress was also highly enhanced, with an increase of 148.44% compared to pure polyethylene film. Moreover, the addition of BNNPs in PE does not highly reduce its good transmittance, which is preferred for thermal management in devices like light-emitting diodes. This work gives an insight into the preparation strategy of transparent and flexible thermal management materials with high thermal conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Yi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (M.Y.); (J.C.); (Y.C.)
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (M.H.); (Y.Y.); (R.S.)
| | - Meng Han
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (M.H.); (Y.Y.); (R.S.)
| | - Junlin Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (M.Y.); (J.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Zhifeng Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (M.Y.); (J.C.); (Y.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Yuanzhou Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (M.Y.); (J.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yimin Yao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (M.H.); (Y.Y.); (R.S.)
| | - Rong Sun
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; (M.H.); (Y.Y.); (R.S.)
- Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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12
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Zhu S, Yu X, You J, Yin T, Lin Y, Chen W, Dao L, Du H, Liu R, Xiong S, Hu Y. Study of the thermodynamics and conformational changes of collagen molecules upon self-assembly. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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13
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Zika A, Gröhn F. Multiswitchable photoacid-hydroxyflavylium-polyelectrolyte nano-assemblies. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:166-185. [PMID: 33564327 PMCID: PMC7849232 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Light- and pH-responsive nano-assemblies with switchable size and structure are formed by the association of a photoacid, anthocyanidin, and a linear polyelectrolyte in aqueous solution. Specifically, anionic disulfonated naphthol derivatives, neutral hydroxyflavylium, and cationic poly(allylamine) are used as building blocks for the ternary electrostatic self-assembly, forming well-defined supramolecular assemblies with tunable sizes of 50 to 500 nm. Due to the network of possible chemical reactions for the anthocyanidin and the excited-state dissociation of the photoacid upon irradiation, different ways to alter the ternary system through external triggering are accessible. The structure and trigger effects can be controlled through the component ratios of the samples. Dynamic and static light scattering (DLS, SLS) and ζ-potential measurements were applied to study the size and the stability of the particles, and information on the molecular structure was gained by UV-vis spectroscopy. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) provided information on the thermodynamics and interaction forces in the supramolecular assembly formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Zika
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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14
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Zika A, Bernhardt S, Gröhn F. Photoresponsive Photoacid-Macroion Nano-Assemblies. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1746. [PMID: 32764323 PMCID: PMC7464814 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, light-responsive nano-assemblies with light-switchable size based on photoacids are presented. Anionic disulfonated napthol derivates and cationic dendrimer macroions are used as building blocks for electrostatic self-assembly. Nanoparticles are already formed under the exclusion of light as a result of electrostatic interactions. Upon photoexcitation, an excited-state dissociation of the photoacidic hydroxyl group takes place, which leads to a more highly charged linker molecule and, subsequently, to a change in size and structure of the nano-assemblies. The effects of the charge ratio and the concentration on the stability have been examined with absorption spectroscopy and ζ-potential measurements. The influence of the chemical structure of three isomeric photoacids on the size and shape of the nanoscale aggregates has been studied by dynamic light scattering and atomic force microscopy, revealing a direct correlation of the strength of the photoacid with the changes of the assemblies upon irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany; (A.Z.); (S.B.)
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15
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Wang Y, Yang X, Li S, Long T, Li W. Organic Acid Regulated Self-Assembly and Photophysical Properties of Perylene Bisimide Derivatives. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E1656. [PMID: 32260092 PMCID: PMC7178315 DOI: 10.3390/ma13071656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this work, perylene bisimide derivatives (PBI-1 and PBI-2) with tertiary amine groups were designed and synthesized. To control the final morphologies and properties of their aggregates, seven kinds of organic acids were used to alter the self-assembly environment. The influence of organic acids on the morphology of the aggregates was investigated. Photophysical properties of the aggregates were markedly affected by the kind and concentration of the organic acid. The thermal and gas sensitivities of the PBI-1 aggregates were studied with the use of UV-visible spectroscopy and digital imaging. The shift of the UV-visible spectra varied with time, temperature, acid type and acid concentration. Furthermore, PBI-1 aggregates showed a red-to-blue color change after addition of seven organic acids, whereas the color of the PBI-2 aggregates remained red. These changes of morphologies, photophysical properties and their thermal and gas sensitivities make these aggregates potentially useful in the fields of optoelectronics or sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinguo Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; (Y.W.); (S.L.); (T.L.); (W.L.)
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16
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Hieulle J, Silly F. Two-Dimensional Hydrogen-Bonded Nanoarchitecture Composed of Rectangular 3,4,9,10-Perylenetetracarboxylic Diimide and Boomerang-Shaped Molecules Resulting from the Dissociation of 1,3,5-Tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:3964-3968. [PMID: 32149223 PMCID: PMC7057330 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI) with the star-shaped 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene (TAPB) on Au(111) is investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy. PTCDI forms a compact canted arrangement on the gold surface. When TAPB is sublimated at a high temperature, the molecule dissociates into a 4-aminophenyl group and a boomerang-shaped compound. The boomerang molecule self-assembles with PTCDI to create a two-dimensional (2D) nanoarchitecture stabilized by N-H···O-C hydrogen bonds between the dissociated TAPB and PTCDI. The molecular ratio of this multicomponent structure is 1:1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabien Silly
- E-mail: . Phone: +33(0)169088019. Fax: +33(0)169088446
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17
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Huang J, Wang J, Ding P, Zhou W, Liu L, Guo X, Cohen Stuart MA, Wang J. Hierarchical Assemblies of Dendrimers Embedded in Networks of Lanthanide-Based Supramolecular Polyelectrolytes. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuhong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Martien A. Cohen Stuart
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junyou Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Moldenhauer D, Fuenzalida Werner JP, Strassert CA, Gröhn F. Light-Responsive Size of Self-Assembled Spiropyran-Lysozyme Nanoparticles with Enzymatic Function. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:979-991. [PMID: 30570257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Novel light-responsive nanoassemblies with switchable size and enzymatic activity are built from a protein and a water-soluble spiropyran. Assemblies are created by electrostatic self-assembly in aqueous solution such that the photochromic property of the spiropyran enables light responsiveness. Upon visible light exposure, the aggregate size increases from 200 to 400 nm. The enzyme retains its activity upon aggregation into the assembly, while it decreases through visible light irradiation. Fundamentally, we show how the two different spiropyran isomers, the open-ring merocyanine form and the closed-ring spiropyran form, bind differently to the protein, which triggers the assembly size and use of thermodynamic data to understand the binding process and the size response. Thus, as a proof of concept, a self-assembly driven light-tunable enzyme activity in conjunction with a triggerable assembly size is demonstrated for a model system. The concept bears future potential for various possible biological applications ranging from genetic control over vaccine applications to the detection of certain proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Moldenhauer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 3 , D-91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Juan Pablo Fuenzalida Werner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 3 , D-91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Institute of Physics and Center for Nanotechnology , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Heisenbergstraße 11 , D-48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 3 , D-91058 Erlangen , Germany
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19
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Ran Q, Xu X, Dey P, Yu S, Lu Y, Dzubiella J, Haag R, Ballauff M. Interaction of human serum albumin with dendritic polyglycerol sulfate: Rationalizing the thermodynamics of binding. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:163324. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5030601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qidi Ran
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Soft Matter and Functional Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
- Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine, Helmholtz Virtual Institute, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow-Seehof, Germany
| | - Xiao Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiao Ling Wei, 210094 Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pradip Dey
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shun Yu
- Institute of Soft Matter and Functional Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yan Lu
- Institute of Soft Matter and Functional Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Dzubiella
- Institute of Soft Matter and Functional Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
- Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine, Helmholtz Virtual Institute, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow-Seehof, Germany
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine, Helmholtz Virtual Institute, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow-Seehof, Germany
| | - Matthias Ballauff
- Institute of Soft Matter and Functional Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
- Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine, Helmholtz Virtual Institute, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow-Seehof, Germany
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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20
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Liu Z, Liu T, Tsige M. Unique Symmetry-Breaking Phenomenon during the Self-assembly of Macroions Elucidated by Simulation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13076. [PMID: 30166571 PMCID: PMC6117333 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Various soluble hydrophilic macroions can self-assemble into hollow, spherical, monolayered supramolecular "blackberry"-type structures, despite their like-charged nature. However, how the 3-D symmetrical macroions prefer to form 2-D monolayers in bulk solution, especially for the highly symmetrical "Keplerate" polyoxometalates and functionalized C60 macroions has been a mystery. Through molecular dynamics simulations, using a model specifically designed for macroions in solution, the mechanism of this intriguing symmetry-breaking process is found to be related to the apparently asymmetric charge distribution on the surface of macroions in the equatorial belt area (the area which can be effectively involved in the counterion-mediated attraction). As a result, the electric field lines around macroions during the self-assembly process clearly show that the symmetry-breaking happens at the dimer level effectively defining the plane of the self-assembly. These findings are expected to contribute to our fundamental knowledge of complex solution systems that are found in many fields from materials science to biological phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuonan Liu
- Department of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Tianbo Liu
- Department of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA.
| | - Mesfin Tsige
- Department of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA.
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21
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Pyne A, Kundu S, Banerjee P, Sarkar N. Unveiling the Aggregation Behavior of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride in Aqueous Solution of 1-Octyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride and the Effect of Bile Salt on These Aggregates: A Microscopic Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:3296-3306. [PMID: 29474788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we have unveiled the aggregation behavior of a potent chemotherapeutic drug, doxorubicin hydrochloride (Dox) in a well-known imidazolium based surface active ionic liquid (SAIL), 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C8mimCl). The aggregates formed by Dox in C8mimCl have been characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS), fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), analytical transmission electron microscopy (analytical TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements. It is found that Dox forms large spherical aggregates in the presence of C8mimCl SAIL. We have also explored the driving force behind this aggregation behavior of Dox in C8mimCl. Furthermore, it is observed that in the presence of a common bile salt, sodium cholate (NaCh), Dox/C8mimCl spherical aggregates disrupt to form rodlike fibrillar aggregates. Therefore, formation of spherical aggregates and also its disruption into rodlike fibrillar aggregates have been performed, and this is expected to open a new scope for the design of a new generation smart drug delivery system where the drug itself aggregates to form the delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghajit Pyne
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302 , West Bengal , India
| | - Sangita Kundu
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302 , West Bengal , India
| | - Pavel Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302 , West Bengal , India
| | - Nilmoni Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302 , West Bengal , India
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22
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Yan C, Wang T. A new view for nanoparticle assemblies: from crystalline to binary cooperative complementarity. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:1483-1509. [PMID: 28059420 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00696e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Studies on nanoparticle assemblies and their applications have been research frontiers in nanoscience in the past few decades and remarkable progress has been made in the synthetic strategies and techniques. Recently, the design and fabrication of the nanoparticle-based nanomaterials or nanodevices with integrated and enhanced properties compared to those of the individual components have gradually become the mainstream. However, a systematic solution to provide a big picture for future development and guide the investigation of different aspects of the study of nanoparticle assemblies remains a challenge. The binary cooperative complementary principle could be an answer. The binary cooperative complementary principle is a universal discipline and can describe the fundamental properties of matter from the subatomic particles to the universe. According to its definition, a variety of nanoparticle assemblies, which represent the cutting-edge work in the nanoparticle studies, are naturally binary cooperative complementary materials. Therefore, the introduction of the binary cooperative complementary principle in the studies of nanoparticle assemblies could provide a unique perspective for reviewing this field and help in the design and fabrication of novel functional nanoparticle assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tie Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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23
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Mariani G, Krieger A, Moldenhauer D, Schweins R, Gröhn F. Light-Responsive Shape: From Micrometer-Long Nanocylinders to Compact Particles in Electrostatic Self-Assembly. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 39:e1700860. [PMID: 29504172 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A light-triggered shape change of supramolecular nanostructures is achieved through electrostatically self-assembly of linear polyelectrolytes and oppositely charged dyes in aqueous solution: Upon UV-irradiation, 1-µm-long, flexible cylinders with a cross-section of 10 nm convert into ellipsoids of 400 nm × 40 nm. The nano-object shape is encoded in the molecular dye structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Mariani
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Institut Laue-Langevin DS/LSS, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Anja Krieger
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel Moldenhauer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Laue-Langevin DS/LSS, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany
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24
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Kutz A, Mariani G, Schweins R, Streb C, Gröhn F. Self-assembled polyoxometalate-dendrimer structures for selective photocatalysis. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:914-920. [PMID: 29177296 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr07097g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel, self-assembled nanostructure with selective photocatalytic activity formed from anionic polyoxometalate clusters and cationic dendrimers by electrostatic self-assembly. The association of the components in aqueous solution is driven by ionic interaction and steric factors yielding stable aggregates of a defined size with a coil-like structure. The assemblies show high potential for the application in solar-energy conversion systems due to their enhanced and substrate specific photocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kutz
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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25
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Mariani G, Schweins R, Gröhn F. Structure Tuning of Electrostatically Self‐Assembled Nanoparticles through pH: The Role of Charge Ratio. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Mariani
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Centre for Molecular Material (ICMM) Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 3 D‐91058 Erlangen Germany
- DS/LSS Institut Laue‐Langevin 71 avenue des Martyrs F‐38000 Grenoble France
| | - Ralf Schweins
- DS/LSS Institut Laue‐Langevin 71 avenue des Martyrs F‐38000 Grenoble France
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Centre for Molecular Material (ICMM) Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 3 D‐91058 Erlangen Germany
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26
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Hoene B, Rivera D. Optical studies of the solution phase reduction and stabilization of indigo tetrasulfonate in polyelectrolyte complexes. Heliyon 2017; 3:e00397. [PMID: 28924618 PMCID: PMC5591395 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and fluorescence spectroscopy have been used to characterize the polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) formed when potassium indigo tetrasulfonate (ITS) interacts with poly diallydimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) through columbic attraction in the presence of the reducing agent sodium bisulfite, NaHSO3. The PDADMAC facilitates both the reduction of the ITS and the stabilization of the reduced state of the ITS in an atmospheric oxygen environment. Dilutions of the dye solution show that the PEC is stable to dilutions of at least 1 to 1000. UV-vis studies indicate that the reduced ITS (ITSred) forms what is likely a J-aggregate in the presence of PDADMAC with an absorbance band red shifted from the normal absorbance band of reduced ITS by roughly 130 nm, 390 nm to 520 nm. Excitation of the PEC solution at either 390 nm or 520 nm produces an emission spectrum of the aggregated complex with an emission maximum near 534 nm. Monomer emission at 480 nm of ITSred represents only 3.0 ± 0.5% of the emission signal of the aggregated complex. Kinetic studies using fluorescence spectroscopy over a temperature range of 30 to 70 °C and dilutions of dye solutions ranging from 1:10 to 1:1000 yield data for the oxidation of ITSred that is best fit by a first order rate constant. Kinetic data displays two distinctive regimes, a short time rate and a long time rate. These two distinct kinetic regimes are likely due to the reduced ITS interacting with an outer PEC environment and an inner PEC environment. First order rate constants could be used to estimate Δ‡H and Δ‡S of the oxidation reaction. Fluorescence data was used to calculate the partitioning of reduced ITS molecules between the outer and inner PEC environments. Partitioning from the inner to outer PEC environment was found to be entropically driven. Addition of NaCl to the diluted dye solutions could alter the kinetics of the oxidation but the significance of the effect depended on the initial dye solution preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Becca Hoene
- Department of Chemistry, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, Washington, 98926 United States
| | - Dion Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, Washington, 98926 United States
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27
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Düring J, Alex W, Zika A, Branscheid R, Spiecker E, Gröhn F. Dendrimer–Dye Assemblies as Templates for the Formation of Gold Nanostructures. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Düring
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials and ‡Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wiebke Alex
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials and ‡Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Zika
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials and ‡Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert Branscheid
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials and ‡Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erdmann Spiecker
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials and ‡Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials and ‡Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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28
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Frühbeißer S, Gröhn F. Porphyrin-Polyelectrolyte Nanoassemblies: The Role of Charge and Building Block Architecture in Self-Assembly. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Frühbeißer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials; Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials; Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
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29
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Krieger A, Fuenzalida Werner JP, Mariani G, Gröhn F. Functional Supramolecular Porphyrin–Dendrimer Assemblies for Light Harvesting and Photocatalysis. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Krieger
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Juan Pablo Fuenzalida Werner
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Giacomo Mariani
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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30
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Mariani G, Kutz A, Di Z, Schweins R, Gröhn F. Inducing Hetero-aggregation of Different Azo Dyes through Electrostatic Self-Assembly. Chemistry 2017; 23:6249-6254. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Mariani
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Centre for Molecular Material (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- DS/LSS; Institut Laue-Langevin; 71 avenue des Martyrs 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Anne Kutz
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Centre for Molecular Material (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Zhenyu Di
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science; Outstation at MLZ; Lichtenbergstr. 1 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Ralf Schweins
- DS/LSS; Institut Laue-Langevin; 71 avenue des Martyrs 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Centre for Molecular Material (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
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31
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Dai H, Yin GZ, Zhao FJ, Bian ZX, Xu YJ, Zhang WB, Miao XR, Li H. Facile synthesis and hierarchical assembly of polystyrene- block - poly (perfluorooctylethyl acrylates). POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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32
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Moldenhauer D, Gröhn F. Water-Soluble Spiropyrans with Inverse Photochromism and Their Photoresponsive Electrostatic Self-Assembly. Chemistry 2017; 23:3966-3978. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Moldenhauer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
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33
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Kutz A, Gröhn F. Improving Photocatalytic Activity: Versatile Polyelectrolyte - Photosensitizer Assemblies for Methyl Viologen Reduction. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kutz
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials; Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials; Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
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34
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Mariani G, Schweins R, Gröhn F. Electrostatic Self-Assembly of Dendrimer Macroions and Multivalent Dye Counterions: The Role of Solution Ionic Strength. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Mariani
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular
Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Institut Laue-Langevin
DS/LSS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Laue-Langevin
DS/LSS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular
Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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35
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Falconer RJ. Applications of isothermal titration calorimetry - the research and technical developments from 2011 to 2015. J Mol Recognit 2016; 29:504-15. [PMID: 27221459 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Isothermal titration calorimetry is a widely used biophysical technique for studying the formation or dissociation of molecular complexes. Over the last 5 years, much work has been published on the interpretation of isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) data for single binding and multiple binding sites. As over 80% of ITC papers are on macromolecules of biological origin, this interpretation is challenging. Some researchers have attempted to link the thermodynamics constants to events at the molecular level. This review highlights work carried out using binding sites characterized using x-ray crystallography techniques that allow speculation about individual bond formation and the displacement of individual water molecules during ligand binding and link these events to the thermodynamic constants for binding. The review also considers research conducted with synthetic binding partners where specific binding events like anion-π and π-π interactions were studied. The revival of assays that enable both thermodynamic and kinetic information to be collected from ITC data is highlighted. Lastly, published criticism of ITC research from a physical chemistry perspective is appraised and practical advice provided for researchers unfamiliar with thermodynamics and its interpretation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Falconer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ChELSI Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
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36
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Liu Z, Liu T, Tsige M. Elucidating the Origin of the Attractive Force among Hydrophilic Macroions. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26595. [PMID: 27215898 PMCID: PMC4877594 DOI: 10.1038/srep26595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Coarse-grained simulation approach is applied to provide a general understanding of various soluble, hydrophilic macroionic solutions, especially the strong attractions among the like-charged soluble macroions and the consequent spontaneous, reversible formation of blackberry structures with tunable sizes. This model captures essential molecular details of the macroions and their interactions in polar solvents. Results using this model provide consistent conclusions to the experimental observations, from the nature of the attractive force among macroions (counterion-mediated attraction), to the blackberry formation mechanism. The conclusions can be applied to various macroionic solutions from inorganic molecular clusters to dendrimers and biomacromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuonan Liu
- Department of Polymer Science, the University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Tianbo Liu
- Department of Polymer Science, the University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Mesfin Tsige
- Department of Polymer Science, the University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
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37
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Frühbeißer S, Mariani G, Gröhn F. Porphyrin Diacid-Polyelectrolyte Assemblies: Effective Photocatalysts in Solution. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E180. [PMID: 30979275 PMCID: PMC6431837 DOI: 10.3390/polym8050180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing effective and versatile photocatalytic systems is of great potential in solar energy conversion. Here we investigate the formation of supramolecular catalysts by electrostatic self-assembly in aqueous solution: Combining positively charged porphyrins with negatively charged polyelectrolytes leads to nanoscale assemblies where, next to electrostatic interactions, π⁻π interactions also play an important role. Porphyrin diacid-polyelectrolyte assemblies exhibit a substantially enhanced catalytic activity for the light-driven oxidation of iodide. Aggregates with the hexavalent cationic porphyrin diacids show up to 22 times higher catalytic activity than the corresponding aggregates under neutral conditions. The catalytic activity can be increased by increasing the valency of the porphyrin and by choice of the loading ratio. The structural investigation of the supramolecular catalysts took place via atomic force microscopy and small angle neutron scattering. Hence, a new facile concept for the design of efficient and tunable self-assembled photocatalysts is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Frühbeißer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany.
| | - Giacomo Mariani
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany.
- Institut Laue-Langevin DS/LSS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble F-38000, France.
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany.
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38
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Brautigam CA, Zhao H, Vargas C, Keller S, Schuck P. Integration and global analysis of isothermal titration calorimetry data for studying macromolecular interactions. Nat Protoc 2016; 11:882-94. [PMID: 27055097 PMCID: PMC7466939 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2016.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) is a powerful and widely used method to measure the energetics of macromolecular interactions by recording a thermogram of differential heating power during a titration. However, traditional ITC analysis is limited by stochastic thermogram noise and by the limited information content of a single titration experiment. Here we present a protocol for bias-free thermogram integration based on automated shape analysis of the injection peaks, followed by combination of isotherms from different calorimetric titration experiments into a global analysis, statistical analysis of binding parameters and graphical presentation of the results. This is performed using the integrated public-domain software packages NITPIC, SEDPHAT and GUSSI. The recently developed low-noise thermogram integration approach and global analysis allow for more precise parameter estimates and more reliable quantification of multisite and multicomponent cooperative and competitive interactions. Titration experiments typically take 1-2.5 h each, and global analysis usually takes 10-20 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad A. Brautigam
- Department of Biophysics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Huaying Zhao
- Dynamics of Macromolecular Assembly Section, Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, U.S.A
| | - Carolyn Vargas
- Molecular Biophysics, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Sandro Keller
- Molecular Biophysics, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Peter Schuck
- Dynamics of Macromolecular Assembly Section, Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, U.S.A
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39
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Düring J, Gröhn F. Filamentous supramolecular structures with polyelectrolyte and cadmium sulfide. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:1868-1875. [PMID: 26728575 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02840j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new type of filamentous structures consisting of a generation 9 poly(amido amine) dendrimer (G9) and CdS is reported. The linearity of the interconnected dendrimers is a result of the electrostatic repulsion between the multiply charged dendrimer macroions. Structures have been investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The internal structure of the CdS-fibers reveals information on the mechanism of the fiber formation. In contrast to previous systems with smaller generation poly(propylene imine)-dendrimers, Cd(2+) is here found to be responsible for the interconnection of G9. Furthermore, more complex supramolecular structures were built by associating the CdS-dendrimer hybrid fibers with different ionic dyes, displaying the versatility of this system for future nanotechnology applications such as optoelectronics or energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Düring
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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40
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Mariani G, Schweins R, Gröhn F. Structure Tuning of Electrostatically Self-Assembled Nanoparticles through pH. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:1380-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b10966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Mariani
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary
Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Institut Laue-Langevin, DS/LSS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Laue-Langevin, DS/LSS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary
Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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41
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Fuenzalida JP, Nareddy PK, Moreno-Villoslada I, Moerschbacher BM, Swamy MJ, Pan S, Ostermeier M, Goycoolea FM. On the role of alginate structure in complexing with lysozyme and application for enzyme delivery. Food Hydrocoll 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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42
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Mariani G, Moldenhauer D, Schweins R, Gröhn F. Elucidating Electrostatic Self-Assembly: Molecular Parameters as Key to Thermodynamics and Nanoparticle Shape. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:1280-93. [PMID: 26641538 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b11497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The rational design of supramolecular nanoparticles by self-assembly is a crucial field of research due to the wide applications and the possibility of control through external triggers. Understanding the shape-determining factors is the key for tailoring nanoparticles with desired properties. Here, we show how the thermodynamics of the interaction control the shape of the nanoparticle. We highlight the connection between the molecular structure of building blocks, the interaction strength, and the nanoassembly shape. Nanoparticles are prepared by electrostatic self-assembly of cationic polyelectrolyte dendrimers of different generations and oppositely charged multivalent organic dyes relying on the combination of electrostatic and π-π interactions. Different building blocks have been used to vary interaction strength, geometric constraints, and charge ratio, providing insights into the assembly process. The nanoassembly structure has been characterized using atomic force microscopy, static light scattering, small angle neutron scattering, and UV-vis spectroscopy. We show that the isotropy/anisotropy of the nanoassemblies is related to the dye valency. Isothermal titration calorimetry has been used to investigate both dye-dye and dye-dendrimer interaction. The existence of a threshold value in entropy and enthalpy change separating isotropic and anisotropic shapes for both interactions has been demonstrated. The effects of the dye molecular structure on the interaction thermodynamics and therefore on the nanoparticle structure have been revealed using molecular modeling. The polar surface area of the dye molecule takes a key role in the dye self-interaction. This study opens the possibility for a priori shape determination knowing the building blocks structure and their interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Mariani
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstrasse 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.,Institut Laue-Langevin, DS/LSS , 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Daniel Moldenhauer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstrasse 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Laue-Langevin, DS/LSS , 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstrasse 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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43
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Liang X, Bonizzoni M. Boronic acid-modified poly(amidoamine) dendrimers as sugar-sensing materials in water. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:3094-3103. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02530c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
High-affinity carbohydrate receptors were developed by appending boronic acids to the surface of PAMAM dendrimers. These multivalent hosts were used to discriminate simple sugars in neat water using pattern recognition and optical spectroscopy techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Liang
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Alabama
- Tuscaloosa
- USA
| | - M. Bonizzoni
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Alabama
- Tuscaloosa
- USA
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44
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Ionic dye–surfactant nanoassemblies: interplay of electrostatics, hydrophobic effect, and π–π stacking. Colloid Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-015-3814-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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45
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Luo D, Yan C, Wang T. Interparticle Forces Underlying Nanoparticle Self-Assemblies. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:5984-6008. [PMID: 26436692 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201501783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Studies on the self-assembly of nanoparticles have been a hot topic in nanotechnology for decades and still remain relevant for the present and future due to their tunable collective properties as well as their remarkable applications to a wide range of fields. The novel properties of nanoparticle assemblies arise from their internal interactions and assemblies with the desired architecture key to constructing novel nanodevices. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the interparticle forces of nanoparticle self-assemblies is a pre-requisite to the design and control of the assembly processes, so as to fabricate the ideal nanomaterial and nanoproducts. Here, different categories of interparticle forces are classified and discussed according to their origins, behaviors and functions during the assembly processes, and the induced collective properties of the corresponding nanoparticle assemblies. Common interparticle forces, such as van der Waals forces, electrostatic interactions, electromagnetic dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonds, solvophonic interactions, and depletion interactions are discussed in detail. In addition, new categories of assembly principles are summarized and introduced. These are termed template-mediated interactions and shape-complementary interactions. A deep understanding of the interactions inside self-assembled nanoparticles, and a broader perspective for the future synthesis and fabrication of these promising nanomaterials is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- Institute of New Energy, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing, 102249, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Cong Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Tie Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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46
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Düring J, Butz B, Spiecker E, Gröhn F. Formation of CdS in Supramolecular Dendrimer–Dye Assemblies: Electrostatic and Electrostatic-Coordination Templating. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Düring
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials and ‡Institute for Micro- and Nanostructure Research & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Butz
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials and ‡Institute for Micro- and Nanostructure Research & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erdmann Spiecker
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials and ‡Institute for Micro- and Nanostructure Research & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials and ‡Institute for Micro- and Nanostructure Research & Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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47
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Eghtesadi SA, Haso F, Kashfipour MA, Lillard RS, Liu T. Supramolecular Assembly of Poly(propyleneimine) Dendrimers Driven By Simple Monovalent Counterions. Chemistry 2015; 21:18623-30. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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48
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Haso F, Li D, Garai S, Pigga JM, Liu T. Self-Recognition Between Two Almost Identical Macroions During Their Assembly: The Effects of pH and Temperature. Chemistry 2015; 21:13234-9. [PMID: 26332230 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fadi Haso
- Department of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3909 (USA) http://gozips.uakron.edu/∼tliu/
| | - Dong Li
- Department of chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 E. Packer Ave. Bethlehem, PA. 18015 (USA)
| | - Somenath Garai
- Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Postfach 100131, 33501 Bielefeld (Germany)
| | - Joseph M Pigga
- Department of chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 E. Packer Ave. Bethlehem, PA. 18015 (USA)
| | - Tianbo Liu
- Department of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3909 (USA) http://gozips.uakron.edu/∼tliu/.
- Department of chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 E. Packer Ave. Bethlehem, PA. 18015 (USA).
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49
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Cardenas-Daw C, Gröhn F. Photo-Induced Assembly of Nanostructures Triggered by Short-Lived Proton Transfers in the Excited-State. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:8660-3. [PMID: 26088975 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Light stimulation was used to trigger the assembly of nanostructures by directly powering changes at the supramolecular level without incurring net chemical changes at the molecular level. Polyethylene imine, a polybase, was mixed in aqueous solution with sodium 1-naphthol-4-sulfonate, an aromatic alcohol, which, in the electronic excited-state, undergoes a short-lived increase in acidity. Excited-state proton transfers between these components were induced by photoexcitation, which led to the formation of hydrogen bonds in the ground-state. Ionic forces, π-π stacking, and hydrophobic effect provided further stabilization. The photoinduced formation of nanosized aggregates was detected by dynamic light scattering and atomic force microscopy. Absorption and emission spectroscopy were used to rule out photochemical reactions and elucidate the supramolecular arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cardenas-Daw
- †Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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50
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Liu X, Zeng Y, Liu J, Li P, Zhang D, Zhang X, Yu T, Chen J, Yang G, Li Y. Highly Emissive Nanoparticles Based on AIE-Active Molecule and PAMAM Dendritic "Molecular Glue". LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:4386-4393. [PMID: 25828574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The highly emissive nanoparticles Gn-TCMPE (n = 0-4) were prepared by using PAMAM dendrimers as "molecular glue" to adhere an AIE-active molecule tetra(4-(carboxymethoxy)phenyl)ethylene (TCMPE). The electrostatic interaction of ammonium-carboxylate ion pairs provides a driving force between TCMPE and PAMAM dendrimers to form the nanoparticles Gn-TCMPE (n = 0-4), which is validated by the FTIR and (1)H NMR spectra. The formation of nanoparticles dramatically blocks the nonradiative pathway and enhances the fluorescence of TCMPE. The quantum yields of Gn-TCMPE gradually boost at first and then reach to a plateau with increasing the generation of PAMAM dendrimers, and the highest absolute quantum yields are obtained to be 0.42 and 0.64 for Gn-TCMPE (n = 2-4) in methanol dispersion and solid phases, respectively. The fluorescence of the nanoparticles can be tuned by addition of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). Furthermore, the G4-TCMPE has been successfully applied to selectively image cytoplasm of Hela cells with excellent photostability and low cytotoxicity. This study provides a novel noncovalent strategy for developing highly emissive and robust organic materials fitting for cell fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Liu
- †Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, and ‡Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zeng
- †Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, and ‡Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- †Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, and ‡Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Peng Li
- †Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, and ‡Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Dushan Zhang
- †Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, and ‡Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- †Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, and ‡Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Tianjun Yu
- †Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, and ‡Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jinping Chen
- †Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, and ‡Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Guoqiang Yang
- †Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, and ‡Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yi Li
- †Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, and ‡Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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