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Li YX, Liu ZK, Cao J, Tao J, Yao ZS. Stress-Induced Inversion of Linear Dichroism by 4,4'-Bipyridine Rotation in a Superelastic Organic Single Crystal. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217977. [PMID: 36647773 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The molecular crystals that manifest unusual mechanical properties have attracted growing attention. Herein, we prepared an organic single crystal that shows bidirectional superelastic transformation in response to shear stress. Single-crystal X-ray diffractions revealed this crystal-twinning related shape change is owed to a stress-controlled 90° rotation of 4,4'-bipyridine around the hydrogen bonds of a chiral organic trimer. As a consequence of the 90° shift in the aromatic plane, an interconversion of crystallographic a-, b-axes (a→b' and b→a') was detected. The molecular rotations changed the anisotropic absorption of linearly polarized light. Therefore, a stress-induced inversion of linear dichroism spectra was demonstrated for the first time. This study reveals the superior mechanical flexibilities of single crystals can be realized by harnessing the molecular rotations and this superelastic crystal may find applications in optical switching and communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xia Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Kun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jie Cao
- School of Optoelectronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jun Tao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Shuo Yao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
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2
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Akutagawa T, Takeda T, Hoshino N. Dynamics of proton, ion, molecule, and crystal lattice in functional molecular assemblies. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:8378-8401. [PMID: 34369489 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01586a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic molecular processes, such as short- or long-range proton (H+) and ion (M+) motions, and molecular rotations in electrical conducting and magnetic molecular assemblies enable the fabrication of electron-H+ (or M+) coupling systems, while crystal lattice dynamics and molecular conformation changes in hydrogen-bonded molecular crystals have been utilised in external stimuli responsive reversible gas-induced gate opening and molecular adsorption/desorption behavior. These dynamics of the polar structural units are responsible for the dielectric measurements. The H+ dynamics are formed from ferroelectrics and H+ conductors, while the dynamic M+ motions of Li+ and Na+ involve ionic conductors and coupling to the conduction electrons. In n-type organic semiconductors, the crystal lattices are modulated by replacing M+ cations, with cations such as Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+. The use of polar rotator or inversion structures such as alkyl amides, m-fluoroanilinium cations, and bowl-shaped trithiasumanene π-cores enables the formation of ferroelectric molecular assemblies. The host-guest molecular systems of ESIPT fluorescent chromic molecules showed interesting molecular sensing properties using various bases, where the dynamic transformation of the crystal lattice and the molecular conformational change were coupled to each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Akutagawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
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3
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Pawlak T, Sudgen I, Bujacz G, Iuga D, Brown SP, Potrzebowski MJ. Synergy of Solid-State NMR, Single-Crystal X-ray Diffraction, and Crystal Structure Prediction Methods: A Case Study of Teriflunomide (TFM). CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2021; 21:3328-3343. [PMID: 34267599 PMCID: PMC8273857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.1c00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, for the first time, we present the X-ray diffraction crystal structure and spectral properties of a new, room-temperature polymorph of teriflunomide (TFM), CSD code 1969989. As revealed by DSC, the low-temperature TFM polymorph recently reported by Gunnam et al. undergoes a reversible thermal transition at -40 °C. This reversible process is related to a change in Z' value, from 2 to 1, as observed by variable-temperature 1H-13C cross-polarization (CP) magic-angle spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR, while the crystallographic system is preserved (triclinic). Two-dimensional 13C-1H and 1H-1H double-quantum MAS NMR spectra are consistent with the new room-temperature structure, including comparison with GIPAW (gauge-including projector augmented waves) calculated NMR chemical shifts. A crystal structure prediction procedure found both experimental teriflunomide polymorphs in the energetic global minimum region. Differences between the polymorphs are seen for the torsional angle describing the orientation of the phenyl ring relative to the planarity of the TFM molecule. In the low-temperature structure, there are two torsion angles of 4.5 and 31.9° for the two Z' = 2 molecules, while in the room-temperature structure, there is disorder that is modeled with ∼50% occupancy between torsion angles of -7.8 and 28.6°. These observations are consistent with a broad energy minimum as revealed by DFT calculations. PISEMA solid-state NMR experiments show a reduction in the C-H dipolar coupling in comparison to the static limit for the aromatic CH moieties of 75% and 51% at 20 and 40 °C, respectively, that is indicative of ring flips at the higher temperature. Our study shows the power of combining experiments, namely DSC, X-ray diffraction, and MAS NMR, with DFT calculations and CSP to probe and understand the solid-state landscape, and in particular the role of dynamics, for pharmaceutical molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Pawlak
- Centre
of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Isaac Sudgen
- Molecular
Systems Engineering Group, Centre for Process Systems Engineering,
Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial
College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Grzegorz Bujacz
- Institute
of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dinu Iuga
- Department
of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Steven P. Brown
- Department
of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Marek J. Potrzebowski
- Centre
of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
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4
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Akutagawa T. Chemical Design and Physical Properties of Dynamic Molecular Assemblies. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Akutagawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
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5
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Ehnbom A, Gladysz JA. Gyroscopes and the Chemical Literature, 2002–2020: Approaches to a Nascent Family of Molecular Devices. Chem Rev 2021; 121:3701-3750. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ehnbom
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - John A. Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
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6
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Ko MS, Rao PS, Cho DG. Tuned Cd 2+ Selectivity: Showcase of Electronic and Regio-Effect of π-Extended Di-2-Picolylamine-Substituted Quinoline-Based Tolans. Molecules 2021; 26:917. [PMID: 33572333 PMCID: PMC7916104 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
π-Extended di-2-picolylamine (DPA)-substituted 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) tolans (2) were synthesized for testing electronic and regio-effects. The electron-poor CN-tolan (2b) showed clear selectivity for Cd2+ (>>Zn2+) over other metal ions via turn-on fluorescence, while the electron-rich MeO-tolan (2a) displayed no clear metal selectivity. Furthermore, considering that there was no significant energy difference between the Cd2+ complexes of 1 and 2b, the intended regio-effect (7- vs. 5-substituted effect) did not induce steric hindrance. Thus, the regio-effect is mainly electronic. Considering the above, 2a and 2b constitute a complete showcase in which electronic and regio-effects modulate the metal selectivity. The fluorescence titration of 2b (10 mM) with Cd2+ showed that the limit of detection (LOD) of the Cd2+-selective 2b was 158 nM in PBS (phosphate-buffered saline) (10 mM, pH 7.2) containing 50% MeOH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dong-Gyu Cho
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Inharo 100, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea; (M.-S.K.); (P.S.R.)
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7
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Quantum spin-liquid states in an organic magnetic layer and molecular rotor hybrid. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:29555-29560. [PMID: 33154159 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2000188117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The exotic properties of quantum spin liquids (QSLs) have continually been of interest since Anderson's 1973 ground-breaking idea. Geometrical frustration, quantum fluctuations, and low dimensionality are the most often evoked material's characteristics that favor the long-range fluctuating spin state without freezing into an ordered magnet or a spin glass at low temperatures. Among the few known QSL candidates, organic crystals have the advantage of having rich chemistry capable of finely tuning their microscopic parameters. Here, we demonstrate the emergence of a QSL state in [EDT-TTF-CONH2]2 +[[Formula: see text]] (EDT-BCO), where the EDT molecules with spin-1/2 on a triangular lattice form layers which are separated by a sublattice of BCO molecular rotors. By several magnetic measurements, we show that the subtle random potential of frozen BCO Brownian rotors suppresses magnetic order down to the lowest temperatures. Our study identifies the relevance of disorder in the stabilization of QSLs.
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8
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Rodríguez-Fortea A, Canadell E, Wzietek P, Lemouchi C, Allain M, Zorina L, Batail P. Nanoscale rotational dynamics of four independent rotators confined in crowded crystalline layers. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:8294-8302. [PMID: 32236227 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00858c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report a study where Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics simulations and variable-temperature (30-300 K) 1H spin-lattice relaxation time experiments nicely complement each other to characterize the dynamics within a set of four crystalline 1,4-diethynylbicyclo[2.2.2]octane (BCO) rotors assembled in the metal-organic rotor, {Li+4(-CO2-Ph-BCO-py)4(H2O)8}·2DMF. The remarkable finding of this work is that, despite the individual rotational barriers of four rotors being indiscernible and superimposed in a broad relaxation process, we were able to unravel a strongly interrelated series of rotational motions involving disrotatory and conrotatory motions in pairs as well as rotational steps of single rotators, all three processes with similar, sizeable rotational barriers of 6 kcal mol-1. It is noteworthy that DFT molecular dynamics simulations and variable-temperature (30-300 K) proton spin-lattice relaxation time experiments deliver the same high value for the rotational barriers stressing the potential of the combined use of the two techniques in understanding rotational motion at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Rodríguez-Fortea
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel.lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain. antonio.rodriguezf@urv
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9
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Ko MS, Kurapati S, Jo Y, Cho B, Cho DG. Tuned Al3+ selectivity and π-extended properties of di-2-picolylamine-substituted quinoline-based tolan. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Dattler D, Fuks G, Heiser J, Moulin E, Perrot A, Yao X, Giuseppone N. Design of Collective Motions from Synthetic Molecular Switches, Rotors, and Motors. Chem Rev 2019; 120:310-433. [PMID: 31869214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Precise control over molecular movement is of fundamental and practical importance in physics, biology, and chemistry. At nanoscale, the peculiar functioning principles and the synthesis of individual molecular actuators and machines has been the subject of intense investigations and debates over the past 60 years. In this review, we focus on the design of collective motions that are achieved by integrating, in space and time, several or many of these individual mechanical units together. In particular, we provide an in-depth look at the intermolecular couplings used to physically connect a number of artificial mechanically active molecular units such as photochromic molecular switches, nanomachines based on mechanical bonds, molecular rotors, and light-powered rotary motors. We highlight the various functioning principles that can lead to their collective motion at various length scales. We also emphasize how their synchronized, or desynchronized, mechanical behavior can lead to emerging functional properties and to their implementation into new active devices and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Dattler
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Gad Fuks
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Joakim Heiser
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Emilie Moulin
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Alexis Perrot
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Xuyang Yao
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
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11
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Hong JH, Ko MS, Rao PS, Cho DG. Systematic Modifications of a Simple Tolan: Another Category of Viscosity Sensor. Org Lett 2019; 21:10085-10089. [PMID: 31808700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The first tolan derivative-based viscosity sensor (5d) has been synthesized, and its fluorescence intensity and lifetime increase when the viscosity of the solvent increases in methanol-glycerol mixtures. Phthalide (5d) was selected among structurally diverse tolan derivatives through systematic modifications of a simple tolan. To test 5d as a viscosity sensor, fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) images of HeLa cells were obtained upon treatment with 5 μM of 5d to map the viscosity of the HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Ho Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Inha University , Inharo 100 , Incheon 22212 , Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sung Ko
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Inha University , Inharo 100 , Incheon 22212 , Republic of Korea
| | - P Sankara Rao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Inha University , Inharo 100 , Incheon 22212 , Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gyu Cho
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Inha University , Inharo 100 , Incheon 22212 , Republic of Korea
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12
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Yu S, Wang Z, Liu S, Zhang H, Duan H. Molecular motion and dielectric relaxation in chloroplumbate hybrid crystal. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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13
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Zhang ZX, Zhang T, Shi PP, Zhang WY, Ye Q, Fu DW. Anion-Regulated Molecular Rotor Crystal: The First Case of a Stator-Rotator Double Switch with Relaxation Behavior. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:4237-4244. [PMID: 31295405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Molecular rotational motion is crucial in artificial molecular machines and is expected to be very significant for the development of an electronic information molecular machine as mentioned in the 2016 Nobel Prize. However, controlling multiple motor modes is a huge challenge. Here, we report a case in which the structural phase transition effectively triggers multiple motor modes by regulating the rotational speed of the cation and/or anion. A novel switchable crystalline supramolecular rotor, [(cyclohexylammonium)(18-crown-6)] FSO3 (1), exhibits prominent temperature-dependent double switching behavior at 157.9 and 389.1 K induced by the variation of the rotational speed of the FSO3- anion (which acts as a super miniature rotator) in response to temperature. Moreover, it exhibits significant relaxation behavior and excellent pyroelectric switch characteristics. To the best of our knowledge, this might be the first discovery of the stator-rotator double switch with a relaxation effect, which could be a promising candidate for a slow/fast responsive double switch over a wide temperature range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Tie Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Ping-Ping Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Wan-Ying Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Qiong Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Da-Wei Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
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14
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Howe ME, Garcia-Garibay MA. The Roles of Intrinsic Barriers and Crystal Fluidity in Determining the Dynamics of Crystalline Molecular Rotors and Molecular Machines. J Org Chem 2019; 84:9835-9849. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan E. Howe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California—Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Miguel A. Garcia-Garibay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California—Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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15
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Kaleta J, Bastien G, Wen J, Dračínský M, Tortorici E, Císařová I, Beale PD, Rogers CT, Michl J. Bulk Inclusions of Double Pyridazine Molecular Rotors in Hexagonal Tris(o-phenylene)cyclotriphosphazene. J Org Chem 2019; 84:8449-8467. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Kaleta
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the CAS, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Guillaume Bastien
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the CAS, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jin Wen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the CAS, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the CAS, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Edward Tortorici
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 12840 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Paul D. Beale
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Charles T. Rogers
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Josef Michl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the CAS, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
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16
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Overview of Low-Temperature Heat Capacity Data for Zn2(C8H4O4)2.C6H12N2 and the Salam Hypothesis. Symmetry (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/sym11050657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The review presents the progress in the analysis of low-temperature heat capacity of the metal-organic framework Zn2(C8H4O4)2.C6H12N2 (Zn-DMOF). In Zn-DMOF, left-twisted D3(S) and right-twisted D3(R) DABCO molecules (C6H12N2) can transform into each other by tunneling to form a racemate. Termination of tunneling leads to a phase transition in the subsystem of twisted molecules. It is suggested that Zn-DMOF may be considered a model system to study the mechanisms of phase transitions belonging to the same type as hypothetical Salam phase transitions.
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17
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18
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Kaleta J, Bastien G, Císařová I, Batail P, Michl J. Molecular Rods: Facile Desymmetrization of 1,4-Diethynylbicyclo[2.2.2]octane. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Kaleta
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Praha 6 Czech Republic
| | - Guillaume Bastien
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Praha 6 Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Hlavova 2030 12840 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Patrick Batail
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou; CNRS UMR 6200; Université d'Angers; 49045 Angers France
| | - Josef Michl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Praha 6 Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Colorado; 80309-0215 Boulder CO United States
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19
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Simonov S, Zorina L, Wzietek P, Rodríguez-Fortea A, Canadell E, Mézière C, Bastien G, Lemouchi C, Garcia-Garibay MA, Batail P. Static Modulation Wave of Arrays of Halogen Interactions Transduced to a Hierarchy of Nanoscale Change Stimuli of Crystalline Rotors Dynamics. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:3780-3784. [PMID: 29737859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Here we present a study where what can be seen as a static modulation wave encompassing four successive arrays of interacting iodine atoms in crystalline 1,4-Bis((4'-(iodoethynyl)phenyl) ethynyl)bicyclo[2,2,2]octane rotors changes the structure from one-half molecule to three-and-a-half molecules in the asymmetric unit below a phase transition at 105 K. The remarkable finding is that the total 1H spin-lattice relaxation rate, T1-1, of unprecedented complexity to date in molecular rotors, is the weighted sum of the relaxation rates of the four contributing rotors relaxation rates, each with distinguishable exchange frequencies reflecting Arrhenius parameters with different activation barriers ( Ea) and attempt frequencies (τo-1). This allows us to show in tandem with rotor-environment interaction energy calculations how the dynamics of molecular rotors are able to decode structural information from their surroundings with remarkable nanoscale precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Simonov
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS UMR 6200 , Université d'Angers , 49045 Angers , France
- Institute of Solid State Physics , Russian Academy of Sciences , Chernogolovka, Moscow District 142432 Russia
| | - Leokadiya Zorina
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS UMR 6200 , Université d'Angers , 49045 Angers , France
- Institute of Solid State Physics , Russian Academy of Sciences , Chernogolovka, Moscow District 142432 Russia
| | - Pawel Wzietek
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS UMR 6502 , Université de Paris-Sud , 91405 Orsay , France
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Fortea
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica , Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Marcel.li Domingo 1 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Enric Canadell
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) , Campus de la UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain
| | - Cécile Mézière
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS UMR 6200 , Université d'Angers , 49045 Angers , France
| | - Guillaume Bastien
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS UMR 6200 , Université d'Angers , 49045 Angers , France
| | - Cyprien Lemouchi
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS UMR 6200 , Université d'Angers , 49045 Angers , France
| | - Miguel A Garcia-Garibay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Patrick Batail
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS UMR 6200 , Université d'Angers , 49045 Angers , France
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20
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Rodríguez-Fortea A, Kaleta J, Mézière C, Allain M, Canadell E, Wzietek P, Michl J, Batail P. Asymmetric Choreography in Pairs of Orthogonal Rotors. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:1293-1297. [PMID: 29399655 PMCID: PMC5793037 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
An asymmetric mechanism for correlated motion occurring in noninteracting pairs of adjacent orthogonal 1,4-bis(carboxyethynyl)bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) rotators 1 in the solid state is unraveled and shown to play an important role in understanding the dynamics in the crystalline rotor, Bu4N+[1-]·H2O. Single crystal X-ray diffraction and calculation of rotor-rotor interaction energies combined with variable-temperature, variable-field 1H spin-lattice relaxation experiments led to the identification and microscopic rationalization of two distinct relaxation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Rodríguez-Fortea
- Departament
de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jiří Kaleta
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy
of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nam, 2, Prague 6, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Cécile Mézière
- Laboratoire
MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS UMR 6200, Université d’Angers, 49045 Angers, France
| | - Magali Allain
- Laboratoire
MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS UMR 6200, Université d’Angers, 49045 Angers, France
| | - Enric Canadell
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- E-mail: (E.C.)
| | - Pawel Wzietek
- Laboratoire
de Physique des Solides, CNRS & Université de Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
- E-mail: (P.W.)
| | - Josef Michl
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy
of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nam, 2, Prague 6, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
- E-mail: (J.M.)
| | - Patrick Batail
- Laboratoire
MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS UMR 6200, Université d’Angers, 49045 Angers, France
- E-mail: (P.B.)
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21
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Abstract
Rotational motion within molecular crystals is a prototypical concept to build future functional materials and solid-state molecular machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Catalano
- New York University Abu Dhabi
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
| | - Panče Naumov
- New York University Abu Dhabi
- Abu Dhabi
- United Arab Emirates
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22
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Shin JH, Hong JH, Ko MS, Cho DG. Fluorescent and cooperative ion pair receptor based on tolan for Na + (or Li +) and HSO 4-: logic AND gate. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:11414-11417. [PMID: 28975165 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc06907c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A tolan derivative was synthesized as a fluorescent and cooperative ion pair receptor. As both Na+ and HSO4- ions were complexed to the receptor, only substantial fluorescence was quenched. Thus, it also acts as a logic AND gate.
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Affiliation(s)
- June-Ho Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Catalano L, Perez-Estrada S, Wang HH, Ayitou AJL, Khan SI, Terraneo G, Metrangolo P, Brown S, Garcia-Garibay MA. Rotational Dynamics of Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane in Isomorphous Halogen-Bonded Co-crystals: Entropic and Enthalpic Effects. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:843-848. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b10780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Catalano
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Laboratory of Nanostructured
Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department
of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Salvador Perez-Estrada
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Hsin-Hua Wang
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Anoklase J.-L. Ayitou
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Saeed I. Khan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- Laboratory of Nanostructured
Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department
of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Nanostructured
Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department
of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Biologinkuja 7, FI-02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Stuart Brown
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Miguel A. Garcia-Garibay
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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24
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Abstract
Molecules and materials can show dynamic structures in which the dominant mechanism is rotary motion. The single mobile elements are defined as "molecular rotors" and exhibit special properties (compared with their static counterparts), being able in perspective to greatly modulate the dielectric response and form the basis for molecular motors that are designed with the idea of making molecules perform a useful mechanical function. The construction of ordered rotary elements into a solid is a necessary feature for such design, because it enables the alignment of rotors and the fine-tuning of their steric and dipolar interactions. Crystal surfaces or bulk crystals are the most suitable to adapt rotors in 2D or 3D arrangements and engineer juxtaposition of the rotors in an ordered way. Nevertheless, it is only in recent times that materials showing porosity and remarkably low density have undergone tremendous development. The characteristics of large free volume combine well with the virtually unhindered motion of the molecular rotors built into their structure. Indeed, the molecular rotors are used as struts in porous covalent and supramolecular architectures, spanning both hybrid and fully organic materials. The modularity of the approach renders possible a variety of rotor geometrical arrangements in both robust frameworks stable up to 850 K and self-assembled molecular materials. A nanosecond (fast dynamics) motional regime can be achieved at temperatures lower than 240 K, enabling rotor arrays operating in the solid state even at low temperatures. Furthermore, in nanoporous materials, molecular rotors can interact with the diffusing chemical species, be they liquids, vapors, or gases. Through this chemical intervention, rotor speed can be modulated at will, enabling a new generation of rotor-containing materials sensitive to guests. In principle, an applied electric field can be the stimulus for chemical release from porous materials. The effort needed to obtain strong dipoles that are noncentrosymmetrically mounted onto rotors and do not hamper rotational motion is a further aspect of this research activity. Thus, materials showing dielectric properties in response to applied electric fields have been fabricated. This may lead to challenging materials that are promptly responsive to an applied electric field, altering the ferroelectric or antiferroelectric ground state by fast dipole reorientation when subjected to electric polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angiolina Comotti
- Department
of Materials Science, University of Milano Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi
55, 20125 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Bracco
- Department
of Materials Science, University of Milano Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi
55, 20125 Milan, Italy
| | - Piero Sozzani
- Department
of Materials Science, University of Milano Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi
55, 20125 Milan, Italy
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25
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Ji C, Li S, Deng F, Liu S, Asghar MA, Sun Z, Hong M, Luo J. Bistable N–H⋯N hydrogen bonds for reversibly modulating the dynamic motion in an organic co-crystal. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:10868-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp01073c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bistable N–H⋯N hydrogen bonds enable the modulation of the dynamic molecular motion by slowing down the fast rotation in 1,2-diazabicyclo(2.2.2)octane bis(thiourea).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengmin Ji
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Shenhui Li
- State Key Laboratory Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics
- Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Wuhan
| | - Feng Deng
- State Key Laboratory Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics
- Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Wuhan
| | - Sijie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Asghar
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Zhihua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Maochun Hong
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Junhua Luo
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
- P. R. China
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26
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Lemouchi C, Batail P. Asymmetric 1,4-bis(ethynyl)bicyclo[2.2.2]octane rotators via monocarbinol functionalization. Ready access to polyrotors. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:1881-5. [PMID: 26664606 PMCID: PMC4660993 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric rotators with a 1,4-bis(ethynyl)bicyclo[2.2.2]octane (BCO) core are needed for engineering crystalline arrays of functional molecular rotors. Their synthesis uses carbinol, 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol, as a protecting group because of its polar character and its ability to sustain orthogonal functionalization with the further advantage of being readily removed. The synthesis in good yields of unprecedented asymmetric rotors and polyrotors demonstrates the efficiency of this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyprien Lemouchi
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, Université d'Angers, CNRS UMR 6502, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, France
| | - Patrick Batail
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, Université d'Angers, CNRS UMR 6502, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, France
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27
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Abendroth JM, Bushuyev OS, Weiss PS, Barrett CJ. Controlling Motion at the Nanoscale: Rise of the Molecular Machines. ACS NANO 2015; 9:7746-68. [PMID: 26172380 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b03367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
As our understanding and control of intra- and intermolecular interactions evolve, ever more complex molecular systems are synthesized and assembled that are capable of performing work or completing sophisticated tasks at the molecular scale. Commonly referred to as molecular machines, these dynamic systems comprise an astonishingly diverse class of motifs and are designed to respond to a plethora of actuation stimuli. In this Review, we outline the conditions that distinguish simple switches and rotors from machines and draw from a variety of fields to highlight some of the most exciting recent examples of opportunities for driven molecular mechanics. Emphasis is placed on the need for controllable and hierarchical assembly of these molecular components to display measurable effects at the micro-, meso-, and macroscales. As in Nature, this strategy will lead to dramatic amplification of the work performed via the collective action of many machines organized in linear chains, on functionalized surfaces, or in three-dimensional assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Abendroth
- California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | | | - Paul S Weiss
- California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Christopher J Barrett
- California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , Montreal, QC, Canada
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28
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Harada J, Ohtani M, Takahashi Y, Inabe T. Molecular motion, dielectric response, and phase transition of charge-transfer crystals: acquired dynamic and dielectric properties of polar molecules in crystals. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:4477-86. [PMID: 25781627 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Molecules in crystals often suffer from severe limitations on their dynamic processes, especially on those involving large structural changes. Crystalline compounds, therefore, usually fail to realize their potential as dielectric materials even when they have large dipole moments. To enable polar molecules to undergo dynamic processes and to provide their crystals with dielectric properties, weakly bound charge-transfer (CT) complex crystals have been exploited as a molecular architecture where the constituent polar molecules have some freedom of dynamic processes, which contribute to the dielectric properties of the crystals. Several CT crystals of polar tetrabromophthalic anhydride (TBPA) molecules were prepared using TBPA as an electron acceptor and aromatic hydrocarbons, such as coronene and perylene, as electron donors. The crystal structures and dielectric properties of the CT crystals as well as the single-component crystal of TBPA were investigated at various temperatures. Molecular reorientation of TBPA molecules did not occur in the single-component crystal, and the crystal did not show a dielectric response due to orientational polarization. We have found that the CT crystal formation provides a simple and versatile method to develop molecular dielectrics, revealing that the molecular dynamics of the TBPA molecules and the dielectric property of their crystals were greatly changed in CT crystals. The TBPA molecules underwent rapid in-plane reorientations in their CT crystals, which exhibited marked dielectric responses arising from the molecular motion. An order-disorder phase transition was observed for one of the CT crystals, which resulted in an abrupt change in the dielectric constant at the transition temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Harada
- †Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and ‡Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Masaki Ohtani
- †Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and ‡Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Takahashi
- †Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and ‡Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Inabe
- †Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and ‡Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
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29
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Gu C, Du Z, Shen W, Bao X, Wen S, Zhu D, Wang T, Wang N, Yang R. Optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties of conjugated polymers with dithiafulvalene as side chains. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuantao Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zhengkun Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Wenfei Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
- Institute of Hybrid Materials; Laboratory of New Fiber Materials and Modern Textile-The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory, Qingdao University; Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Xichang Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Shuguang Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Dangqiang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Ting Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Ning Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Renqiang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
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30
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Xiong J, Kubo K, Noro S, Akutagawa T, Nakamura T. Supramolecular cations of (m-halogenated-anilinium)(dibenzo[18]crown-6) in Keggin [SMo12O402−] polyoxometallates. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce01988a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Ye HY, Li SH, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Deng F, Xiong RG. Solid State Molecular Dynamic Investigation of An Inclusion Ferroelectric: [(2,6-Diisopropylanilinium)([18]crown-6)]BF4. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:10033-40. [DOI: 10.1021/ja503344b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Yun Ye
- Ordered
Matter Science Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Shen-Hui Li
- State
Key Laboratory Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Ordered
Matter Science Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Feng Deng
- State
Key Laboratory Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Ren-Gen Xiong
- Ordered
Matter Science Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
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32
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Bastien G, Lemouchi C, Wzietek P, Simonov S, Zorina L, Rodríguez-Fortea A, Canadell E, Batail P. A Crystalline Hybrid of Paddlewheel Copper(II) Dimers and Molecular Rotors: Singlet-triplet Dynamics Revealed by Variable-temperature Proton Spin-lattice Relaxation. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201300622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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33
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Hoshino N, Takeda T, Akutagawa T. Multi-functional molecular rotators with dielectric, magnetic and optical responses. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44515a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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34
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Bastien G, Lemouchi C, Allain M, Wzietek P, Rodríguez-Fortea A, Canadell E, Iliopoulos K, Gindre D, Chrysos M, Batail P. Changing gears to neutral in a polymorph of one-dimensional arrays of cogwheel-like pairs of molecular rotors. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce42054j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Zhang QC, Wu FT, Hao HM, Xu H, Zhao HX, Long LS, Huang RB, Zheng LS. Modulating the Rotation of a Molecular Rotor through Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions between the Rotator and Stator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201306193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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36
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Zhang QC, Wu FT, Hao HM, Xu H, Zhao HX, Long LS, Huang RB, Zheng LS. Modulating the rotation of a molecular rotor through hydrogen-bonding interactions between the rotator and stator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:12602-5. [PMID: 24115689 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Chong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and the Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 (China)
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37
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Rodríguez-Molina B, Pérez-Estrada S, Garcia-Garibay MA. Amphidynamic crystals of a steroidal bicyclo[2.2.2]octane rotor: a high symmetry group that rotates faster than smaller methyl and methoxy groups. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:10388-95. [PMID: 23796326 PMCID: PMC3963821 DOI: 10.1021/ja4024463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, crystallization, single crystal X-ray structure, and solid state dynamics of molecular rotor 3 provided with a high symmetry order and relatively cylindrical bicyclo[2.2.2]octane (BCO) rotator linked to mestranol fragments were investigated in this work. By use of solid state (13)C NMR, three rotating fragments were identified within the molecule: the BCO, the C19 methoxy and the C18 methyl groups. To determine the dynamics of the BCO group in crystals of 3 by variable temperature (1)H spin-lattice relaxation (VT (1)H T1), we determined the (1)H T1 contributions from the methoxy group C19 by carrying out measurements with the methoxy-deuterated isotopologue rotor 3-d6. The contributions from the quaternary methyl group C18 were estimated by considering the differences between the VT (1)H T1 of mestranol 8 and methoxy-deuterated mestranol 8-d3. From these studies it was determined that the BCO rotator in 3 has an activation energy of only 1.15 kcal mol(-1), with a barrier for site exchange that is smaller than those of methyl (E(a) = 1.35 kcal mol(-1)) and methoxy groups (E(a) = 1.92 kcal mol(-1)), despite their smaller moments of inertia and surface areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braulio Rodríguez-Molina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Salvador Pérez-Estrada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Miguel A. Garcia-Garibay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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38
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Lemouchi C, Iliopoulos K, Zorina L, Simonov S, Wzietek P, Cauchy T, Rodríguez-Fortea A, Canadell E, Kaleta J, Michl J, Gindre D, Chrysos M, Batail P. Crystalline Arrays of Pairs of Molecular Rotors: Correlated Motion, Rotational Barriers, and Space-Inversion Symmetry Breaking Due to Conformational Mutations. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:9366-76. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4044517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cyprien Lemouchi
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS
UMR 6200, Université d’Angers, 49045 Angers, France
| | | | - Leokadiya Zorina
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS
UMR 6200, Université d’Angers, 49045 Angers, France
- Institute
of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka MD,
Russia
| | - Sergey Simonov
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS
UMR 6200, Université d’Angers, 49045 Angers, France
- Institute
of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka MD,
Russia
| | - Pawel Wzietek
- Laboratoire de Physique
des Solides,
CNRS and Université de Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Thomas Cauchy
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS
UMR 6200, Université d’Angers, 49045 Angers, France
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Fortea
- Departament de Química
Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel.lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona,
Spain
| | - Enric Canadell
- Institut de Ciència
de
Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jiřı́ Kaleta
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám,
2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Michl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám,
2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder,
Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Denis Gindre
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS
UMR 6200, Université d’Angers, 49045 Angers, France
| | - Michael Chrysos
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS
UMR 6200, Université d’Angers, 49045 Angers, France
| | - Patrick Batail
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, CNRS
UMR 6200, Université d’Angers, 49045 Angers, France
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Abstract
The use of a functional molecular unit acting as a state variable provides an attractive alternative for the next generations of nanoscale electronics. It may help overcome the limits of conventional MOSFETd due to their potential scalability, low-cost, low variability, and highly integratable characteristics as well as the capability to exploit bottom-up self-assembly processes. This bottom-up construction and the operation of nanoscale machines/devices, in which the molecular motion can be controlled to perform functions, have been studied for their functionalities. Being triggered by external stimuli such as light, electricity or chemical reagents, these devices have shown various functions including those of diodes, rectifiers, memories, resonant tunnel junctions and single settable molecular switches that can be electronically configured for logic gates. Molecule-specific electronic switching has also been reported for several of these device structures, including nanopores containing oligo(phenylene ethynylene) monolayers, and planar junctions incorporating rotaxane and catenane monolayers for the construction and operation of complex molecular machines. A specific electrically driven surface mounted molecular rotor is described in detail in this review. The rotor is comprised of a monolayer of redox-active ligated copper compounds sandwiched between a gold electrode and a highly-doped P+ Si. This electrically driven sandwich-type monolayer molecular rotor device showed an on/off ratio of approximately 104, a read window of about 2.5 V, and a retention time of greater than 104 s. The rotation speed of this type of molecular rotor has been reported to be in the picosecond timescale, which provides a potential of high switching speed applications. Current-voltage spectroscopy (I-V) revealed a temperature-dependent negative differential resistance (NDR) associated with the device. The analysis of the device I–V characteristics suggests the source of the observed switching effects to be the result of the redox-induced ligand rotation around the copper metal center and this attribution of switching is consistent with the observed temperature dependence of the switching behavior as well as the proposed energy diagram of the device. The observed resistance switching shows the potential for future non-volatile memories and logic devices applications. This review will discuss the progress and provide a perspective of molecular motion for nanoelectronics and other applications.
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